U.S. patent application number 10/841841 was filed with the patent office on 2005-04-28 for fluid ejector pumps.
Invention is credited to Solomon, Jason D..
Application Number | 20050089408 10/841841 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34526175 |
Filed Date | 2005-04-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050089408 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Solomon, Jason D. |
April 28, 2005 |
Fluid ejector pumps
Abstract
A fluid ejector pump is characterized by a longitudinally
extending flow passage with a fluid inlet end and a fluid outlet
end. The fluid inlet end includes a Venturi tube inlet having a
relatively larger diameter entry opening for being supplied with
pressurized fluid and a relatively smaller diameter exit opening
within the flow passage. An air inlet communicates with the flow
passage adjacent the exit opening for the intake of air into the
fluid exiting the Venturi tube inlet. A shaped deflector is located
in the flow passage upstream of the exit opening, with the flow
passage defining an annular gap around and along the deflector. An
upstream end of the deflector has an upward angle causing
acceleration of the fluid flowing upstream in the flow passage. A
hi-low mixing effect is produced in the flow passage for greater
mixing and turbulence of the fluid while vacuum or suction at the
suction inlet is increased.
Inventors: |
Solomon, Jason D.; (Troy,
OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
EPSTEIN & GERKEN
1901 RESEARCH BOULEVARD
SUITE 340
ROCKVILLE
MD
20850
US
|
Family ID: |
34526175 |
Appl. No.: |
10/841841 |
Filed: |
May 10, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60469355 |
May 9, 2003 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
417/182 ;
417/151 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A62C 31/02 20130101;
F04F 5/44 20130101; B01F 5/0428 20130101; B01F 5/0413 20130101;
F04F 5/04 20130101; F04F 5/463 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
417/182 ;
417/151 |
International
Class: |
F04F 005/00; F04F
005/48 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A fluid ejector pump comprising an elongate body defining a
longitudinally extending flow passage having a central longitudinal
axis, an open inlet end and an open outlet end upstream of said
inlet end; a Venturi tube inlet at said inlet end coaxial with said
central longitudinal axis and including an entry opening for being
supplied with a source of pressurized fluid and an exit opening
upstream in said flow passage, said entry opening having a first
diameter, said exit opening having a second diameter smaller than
said first diameter; a suction inlet in said body comprising an air
entry port in communication with said flow passage adjacent said
exit opening; and a shaped deflector in said flow passage coaxial
with said central longitudinal axis and having a downstream end of
partial spherical configuration spaced longitudinally in an
upstream direction from said exit opening, an intermediate section
of cylindrical configuration extending in the upstream direction
from said downstream end, and an upstream section of frustoconical
configuration extending angularly outwardly in the upstream
direction from said intermediate section, said deflector being
axially aligned with said entry opening and said exit opening of
said Venturi tube inlet, and said flow passage defining an annular
space along said deflector between said deflector and said
body.
2. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 1 wherein said deflector
is solid.
3. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 1 wherein said deflector
has a lumen extending entirely therethrough coaxial with said
central longitudinal axis.
4. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 3 wherein said flow
passage includes a mixing region upstream of said deflector.
5. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 4 wherein said lumen of
said deflector has an entry hole at said downstream end and an
outlet hole at said upstream section in communication with said
mixing region, said lumen having a downstream segment of uniform
diameter extending from said entry hole to an upstream segment of
continuously increasing diameter extending from said downstream
segment to said outlet hole, said entry hole having a diameter the
same as said diameter of said downstream segment, and said outlet
hole having a diameter corresponding to a maximum diameter for said
upstream segment.
6. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 5 wherein said first
diameter is substantially 1.6 inches, said second diameter is
substantially 0.7 inch, said diameter of said downstream segment is
substantially 0.4 inch, said diameter of said outlet hole is
substantially 0.8 inch, said intermediate section has an external
diameter of substantially 0.8 inch, said upstream section has a
maximum external diameter of substantially 1.2 inches and said flow
passage has a diameter of substantially 1.6 inches.
7. A fluid ejector pump comprising an elongate body defining a
longitudinally extending flow passage entirely therethrough having
a central longitudinal axis, an open downstream end and an open
upstream end; a Venturi tube inlet at said downstream end coaxial
with said central longitudinal axis and defining a flow channel
entirely therethrough, said Venturi tube inlet including an entry
opening for being supplied with a source of pressurized fluid, said
Venturi tube inlet extending from said entry opening to terminate
at an exit opening upstream in said flow passage, said entry
opening having a first diameter and said exit opening having a
second diameter smaller than said first diameter, said flow channel
including a downstream portion extending from said entry opening to
an intermediate portion and an upstream portion extending from said
intermediate portion to said exit opening, said downstream portion
being uniformly of said first diameter, said upstream portion being
uniformly of said second diameter and said intermediate portion
being continuously tapering in diameter from said first diameter to
said second diameter, said intermediate portion having a length and
said upstream portion having a length less than said length of said
intermediate portion; a suction inlet in said body comprising at
least one air entry port in communication with said flow passage
adjacent said exit opening, said at least one air entry port being
aligned with said exit opening in a direction perpendicular to said
central longitudinal axis; and a shaped deflector in said flow
passage coaxial with said central longitudinal axis and having a
downstream end of partial spherical configuration spaced
longitudinally in an upstream direction from said exit opening, an
intermediate section of cylindrical configuration extending
angularly outwardly in the upstream direction from said downstream
end, and an upstream section of frustoconical configuration
extending in the upstream direction from said intermediate section,
said deflector being axially aligned with said entry opening and
said exit opening of said Venturi tube inlet, and said flow passage
defining an annular space along said deflector between said
deflector and said body.
8. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 7 wherein said suction
inlet has a central axis perpendicular to said central longitudinal
axis of said flow passage and said exit opening is located upstream
of said central axis of said suction inlet.
9. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 7 wherein said deflector
further includes a plurality of struts extending radially outwardly
from said intermediate section into engagement with said body to
center said deflector in said flow passage.
10. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 7 and further including
a handle attached to said body.
11. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 10 wherein said handle
is removably attached to said body.
12. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 7 wherein said
deflector is solid and said upstream section of said deflector is
angled outwardly from said intermediate section by an angle of
substantially 45 degrees.
13. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 7 wherein said
deflector has a lumen extending therethrough and said upstream
section of said deflector is angled outwardly from said
intermediate section by an angle of substantially 13 degrees.
14. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 13 wherein said lumen
has an entry hole at said downstream end of said deflector and an
outlet hole at said upstream section, said lumen having a
downstream segment of uniform diameter extending from said entry
hole to an upstream segment of continuously increasing diameter
extending from said downstream segment to said outlet hole.
15. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 14 wherein said flow
passage includes a mixing region upstream and adjacent said outlet
hole.
16. A fluid ejector pump comprising an elongate body defining a
longitudinally extending flow passage entirely therethrough having
a central longitudinal axis, an open downstream end and an open
upstream end; a Venturi tube inlet at said downstream end coaxial
with said central longitudinal axis and defining a flow channel
entirely therethrough, said Venturi tube inlet including an entry
opening for being supplied with a source of pressurized fluid, said
Venturi tube inlet extending from said entry opening to terminate
at an exit opening upstream in said flow passage, said entry
opening having a first diameter and said exit opening having a
second diameter smaller than said first diameter, said flow channel
including a downstream portion extending from said entry opening to
an intermediate portion and an upstream portion extending from said
intermediate portion to said exit opening, said downstream portion
being uniformly of said first diameter, said upstream portion being
uniformly of said second diameter and said intermediate portion
being continuously tapering in diameter from said first diameter to
said second diameter; a suction inlet in said body comprising at
least one air entry port in communication with said flow passage
adjacent said exit opening, said air entry port being aligned with
said exit opening in a direction perpendicular to said central
longitudinal axis, said flow passage being uniformly of said first
diameter from said suction inlet to said upstream end; and a shaped
deflector in said flow passage coaxial with said central
longitudinal axis and having a downstream end of partial spherical
configuration spaced longitudinally in an upstream direction from
said exit opening, an intermediate section of cylindrical
configuration extending in the upstream direction from said
downstream end of said deflector, and an upstream section of
frustoconical configuration extending angularly outwardly in the
upstream direction from said intermediate section, said deflector
being axially aligned with said entry opening and said exit opening
of said Venturi tube inlet, and said flow passage defining an
annular space along said deflector between said deflector and said
body.
17. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 16 wherein said suction
inlet comprises a tubular extension of said body perpendicular to
said central longitudinal axis and defining said at least one air
entry port through said tubular extension.
18. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 16 wherein said air
entry port comprises a plurality of slots in said body extending
parallel to said central longitudinal axis at spaced radial
locations about said central longitudinal axis.
19. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 16 wherein said
deflector includes a lumen extending entirely therethrough coaxial
with said central longitudinal axis, said lumen has an entry hole
at said downstream end of said deflector and an outlet hole at said
upstream section, said lumen having a downstream segment of uniform
diameter extending from said entry hole to an upstream segment of
continuously increasing diameter extending from said downstream
segment to said outlet hole.
20. The fluid ejector pump recited in claim 19 wherein said first
diameter is substantially 1.6 inches, said second diameter is
substantially 0.7 inch, said downstream segment of said lumen has a
diameter of substantially 0.4 inch, said upstream segment of said
lumen has a maximum diameter of substantially 0.8 inch, said
intermediate section of said deflector has an external diameter of
substantially 0.8 inch, and said upstream section of said deflector
has a maximum external diameter of substantially 1.2 inches.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority from prior provisional
patent application Ser. No. 60/469,355 filed May 9, 2003, the
entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates generally to fluid pumps and,
more particularly, to fluid ejector pumps having a flow passage
containing a shaped deflector causing turbulent mixing of fluid
flowing through the flow passage.
[0004] 2. Brief Discussion of the Related Art
[0005] Fluid pumps in which air is mixed with water have been
proposed. Such pumps sometimes employ deflectors within flow
passages of the pumps to create alterations in fluid flow through
the flow passages as represented by U.S. Pat. No. 121,376 to
Jamison, Jr., U.S. Pat. No. 524,268 to Walten et al, U.S. Pat. No.
1,810,131 to Daily, U.S. Pat. No. 2,011,224 to Kobiolke et al, U.S.
Pat. No. 2,234,631 to Gohre, U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,513,417 and 2,569,683
to Lindsay, U.S. Pat. No. 4,274,812 to Elvidge et al, U.S. Pat. No.
4,546,923 to Ii, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,054,688 to Grindley, and by
U.S. patent application Publication No. US 2002/0148913 A1 to Horn.
Fluid pumps having deflectors within their flow passages as well as
ports at which suction is produced are represented by the Lindsay
patents, the Daily patent, the Kobiolke et al patent, the Gohre
patent, the Elvidge et al patent, the li patent, the Grindley
patent, and by U.S. Pat. No. 6,364,625 B1 to Sertier and U.S. Pat.
No. 5,454,696 to Wilkinson. The Gohre patent and the Grindley
patent relate to pumps for extinguishing fires, and the Lindsay
patents relate to portable pumps. U.S. Pat. No. 2,391,306 to Gregg
and the Grindley patent disclose pumps utilizing Venturi tubes.
Prior fluid pumps in which deflectors are used to alter fluid flow
through the pumps have various disadvantages including inadequate
flow rates, unsuitable pressures, inferior mixing, insufficient
turbulence, undesirable recoil, structural and operational
complexity, and lack of cost effectiveness.
[0006] The need remains for an improved fluid ejector pump in which
air is turbulently mixed with water flowing through a flow passage
through the pump containing a deflector which produces greater flow
rates and greater mixing of water and air, enhanced discharge of
atomized or air-entrained water, and greater suction at a suction
inlet of the pump. A need further exists for a fluid ejector pump
in which air and water are mixed during pressurized fluid flow
through the pump while reducing back pressure and recoil. There is
also a need for an economical fluid ejector pump of structural and
operational simplicity providing an enhanced discharge of atomized
or air-entrained water at a discharge outlet of the pump and
enhanced vacuum at an air or suction inlet of the pump useful for
many various applications including fire extinguishment
applications with or without a fire suppression foam additive,
irrigation applications, vacuum applications, vertical and
non-vertical pumping applications, aqua, shrimp or fish farming
applications, aeration applications, pesticide applications, drying
applications, and injection molding applications, for example.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention is generally characterized in a fluid
ejector pump having a longitudinally extending flow passage with a
fluid inlet end and a fluid outlet end opposite the fluid inlet
end. The fluid inlet end includes a Venturi tube inlet having a
relative larger diameter entry opening for being supplied with
pressurized fluid, such as water, and a relatively smaller diameter
exit opening within the flow passage. A suction or air inlet
comprising one or more air entry ports communicates with the flow
passage adjacent the exit opening of the Venturi tube inlet. Water
discharged into the flow passage from the exit opening of the
Venturi tube inlet is mixed with air entering the flow passage
through the suction inlet. A shaped deflector is located in the
flow passage spaced upstream of the exit opening of the Venturi
tube inlet and in axial alignment with the Venturi tube inlet. The
deflector comprises a downstream end of convex or partial spherical
configuration spaced upstream from the exit opening of the Venturi
tube inlet, a cylindrical intermediate section extending from the
downstream end in the upstream direction and an upstream section of
frustoconical configuration extending from the intermediate section
in the upstream direction. The upstream section is of increasing
cross-sectional or diametric size in the upstream direction. The
flow passage defines an annular gap or space around and along the
deflector, the annular gap being defined between the exterior of
the deflector and the internal surface of the wall forming the flow
passage. A plurality of struts extend radially outwardly from the
deflector into engagement with the wall of the flow passage to
center the deflector in the flow passage.
[0008] In one embodiment, the deflector has a lumen extending
entirely therethrough in axial alignment with the lumen of the
Venturi tube inlet, with an entry hole at the downstream end and an
exit hole at the upstream section. The lumen comprises a downstream
lumen segment of uniform diameter extending from the entry hole to
an upstream lumen segment. The upstream lumen segment is
continuously increasing in diametric size from the downstream lumen
segment to the exit hole of the deflector. In a preferred
embodiment, the upstream section extends outwardly from the
intermediate section at an angle of about 13 degrees. Water
containing air flows upstream from the Venturi tube inlet and
encounters the deflector, causing some of the fluid to enter the
deflector lumen and some of the fluid to flow along the annular
space between the deflector and the wall of the flow passage. The
acceleration of the fluid flowing upstream in the flow passage
along the annular space is increased due to the upward angle of the
upstream section of the deflector. The fluid flowing through the
deflector lumen is discharged into a mixing region of the flow
passage from the exit opening of the deflector, and a high-low
mixing effect is producing in the mixing region of the flow passage
for greater mixing and turbulence of the fluid while the vacuum or
suction at the suction inlet is increased. The fluid is discharged
from the outlet end of the flow passage as atomized or
air-entrained water.
[0009] In another embodiment, the deflector is solid without a
lumen extending therethrough and has a relatively longer
intermediate section and a relatively shorter upstream section
extending outwardly in the upstream direction at about a 45 degree
angle from the intermediate section. As the fluid flowing through
the flow passage encounters the deflector, a highly unstable vortex
is created and turbulence increases. Natural Bernoulli eddies are
produced in the fluid and greater suction is produced at the
suction inlet.
[0010] The fluid pumps of the present invention overcome the
disadvantages of prior fluid pumps utilizing flow altering
deflectors. The fluid pumps of the present invention enhance
turbulent mixing of air and water flowing through the pumps, create
a high-low mixing effect of fluid flowing through the flow passage
of the pumps, create greater turbulence in the fluid flowing
through the flow passage of the pumps, increase vacuum or suction
produced at a suction inlet of the pumps by which air enters the
flow passage of the pumps and is turbulently mixed with water
flowing through the flow passage, create a natural air break in the
flow passage of the pumps, provide greater flow rates through the
pumps, and provide structural and operational simplicity for
economical use in many diverse applications utilizing atomized or
air-entrained fluid discharged from the pumps and/or utilizing a
vacuum created at the suction inlet of the pumps.
[0011] Various objects and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent from the following description of preferred
embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
wherein like or similar parts in each of the drawing figures are
identified by the same reference numerals.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 is a side view of a body of a fluid ejector pump
according to the present invention.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the body of the
fluid ejector pump.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a side view of a deflector of the fluid ejector
pump.
[0015] FIG. 4 is an end perspective view of the deflector.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a body of a
modified fluid ejector pump according to the present invention.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a body of another
modified fluid ejector pump according to the present invention.
[0018] FIG. 7 is a side view of an additional fluid ejector pump
according to the present invention.
[0019] FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a body of the
fluid ejector pump of FIG. 7.
[0020] FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified body
for the fluid ejector pump of FIG. 7.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0021] A fluid ejector pump 10 according to the present invention
is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and comprises an elongate body 12
defining a longitudinally extending flow passage 14 entirely
through the body 12. The flow passage 14 has a central longitudinal
axis 15. The body 12 and flow passage 14 include an open inlet or
downstream end 16 for being supplied with a source of pressurized
fluid, such as water, and an open outlet or upstream end 18,
opposite the inlet end, through which the fluid is discharged. The
wall of body 12 defining flow passage 14 may be formed integrally,
unitarily as a single structural part or as a plurality of
structural parts connected or assembled in any suitable manner
preventing leakage. The inlet end 16 includes a Venturi tube inlet
20 defining a Venturi flow channel therethrough forming a portion
of the flow passage 14. The Venturi tube inlet 20 has an entry
opening 22 for being supplied with the pressurized fluid, and the
Venturi tube inlet extends from the entry opening 22 to terminate
at an exit opening 24 of the Venturi tube inlet located upstream in
the flow passage 14. The Venturi tube inlet 20 is coaxial with the
central longitudinal axis 15. The entry opening 22 is coaxial with
the exit opening 24 and is of a first diameter. The exit opening 24
is of a second diameter, smaller than the first diameter, with the
flow channel defined by the Venturi tube inlet 20 having a tapering
diameter portion 26 tapering in diameter continuously and uniformly
from the first diameter to the second diameter. In one preferred
embodiment, the first diameter is or is substantially 1.6 inches
and the second diameter is or is substantially 0.700 inch.
[0022] The Venturi tube inlet 20 may be formed integrally,
unitarily or monolithically as a single part or may be formed of
multiple parts assembled together in any suitable manner. In the
case of body 12, the Venturi tube inlet 20 is formed of multiple
parts and comprises a Venturi tube member 21 and a cylindrical
sleeve 23 mounted on a downstream end of the Venturi tube member
21. The downstream end of the Venturi tube member 21 terminates
within the sleeve 23, which defines the entry opening 22 at the
flow passage inlet end 16. The Venturi tube member 21 is a hollow
member including a tapered section 25 disposed between a first or
downstream cylindrical section 27 and a second or upstream
cylindrical section 29. The first cylindrical section 27, which is
partly disposed in sleeve 23, extends longitudinally from the
downstream end of the Venturi tube member 21 to the widest end of
the tapered section 25. The tapered section 25 extends from the
first cylindrical section 27 with an inward taper to the second
cylindrical section 29. The second cylindrical section 29 extends
from the tapered section 25 to the exit opening 24. The flow
channel defined by Venturi tube inlet 20 has tapering diameter
portion 26 within tapered section 25, a first or downstream uniform
diameter portion within first cylindrical section 27 and sleeve 23,
and a second or upstream uniform diameter portion within second
cylindrical section 29. The first uniform diameter portion of the
flow channel is of the first diameter and extends from the entry
opening 22 of sleeve 23 to the widest end of the tapering diameter
portion 26 of the flow channel. The second uniform diameter portion
of the flow channel is of the second diameter and extends from the
narrowest end of the tapering diameter portion 26 to the exit
opening 24. The tapering diameter portion is of considerably
greater length than the second uniform diameter portion and, in the
Venturi tube inlet 20, the first uniform diameter portion is of
greater length than the tapering diameter portion.
[0023] The body 12 comprises a suction or air inlet 28 having at
least one air entry port 30 communicating with the flow passage 14.
The suction inlet 28 may be formed as a tubular extension of body
12 perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis 15. The air entry
port 30 is located adjacent the exit opening 24 of the Venturi tube
inlet 20 and is aligned with the exit opening 24 in a direction
perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis 15. The suction
inlet 28 for body 12 is formed by part of a T-shaped pipe having a
longitudinal segment 31 and a transverse segment 33 extending
perpendicularly from one side of the longitudinal segment. A
downstream end of the longitudinal segment 31 fits over the tapered
section 25 of the Venturi tube member 21 and is secured thereto
with the downstream end of the longitudinal segment 31 adjacent the
junction at which the first cylindrical section 27 of the Venturi
tube member meets the widest end of the tapered section 25. An
upstream end of the longitudinal segment 31 receives one end of a
tubular transition member 35 which extends in the upstream
direction from the upstream end of the longitudinal segment. The
longitudinal segment 31 thusly defines a portion of the flow
passage 14 through body 12. The transverse segment 33 extends
perpendicularly from one side of the longitudinal segment 31 and is
located between the upstream and downstream ends of the
longitudinal segment. The transverse segment 33 defines the air
entry port 30 therethrough in communication with the portion of
flow passage 14 defined by the longitudinal segment 31. The exit
opening 24 of the Venturi tube inlet 20 is disposed in the flow
passage 14 in alignment with the air entry port 30 defined by
transverse segment 33 and is located slightly upstream of a center
axis of the transverse segment 33 perpendicular to central
longitudinal axis 15. The Venturi tube inlet 20 may be fixedly
secured to the longitudinal segment 31 in any suitable manner or
may be removably secured to the longitudinal segment. The Venturi
tube inlet 20 may be formed as part of the longitudinal segment
31.
[0024] The opposite end of transition member 35 is received in the
downstream end of a tubular outlet member 37 of body 12. The
upstream end of the outlet member 37 defines the outlet end 18 of
body 12 and flow passage 14. The wall thickness of transition
member 35 is less than the wall thickness of the longitudinal
segment 31 and is less than the wall thickness of the outlet member
37. The wall of the longitudinal segment 31 at its upstream end and
the wall of the outlet member 37 at its downstream end are
respectively recessed along their interior surfaces to accommodate
the wall thickness of the transition member 35 such that the flow
passage 14 is of uniform diameter from air entry port 30 to the
outlet end 18.
[0025] A shaped deflector 32 is located and secured within flow
passage 14 upstream of the Venturi tube inlet 20 and the air entry
port 30. The deflector 32 is coaxial with the central longitudinal
axis 15. The deflector 32 is best shown in FIGS. 2-4 and comprises
a body having a blunt downstream end 34 of convex or partial
spherical configuration longitudinally spaced upstream of the exit
opening 24 of Venturi tube inlet 20, an intermediate section 36 of
cylindrical configuration extending in the upstream direction from
the downstream end 34, and an upstream section 38 of frustoconical
configuration extending in the upstream direction from the
intermediate section 36. The external diameter of intermediate
section 36 is uniform from downstream end 34 to upstream section
38. The external diameter of upstream section 38 increases
continuously and uniformly in the upstream direction from
intermediate section 36. A plurality of struts 40 extend radially
outwardly from the intermediate section 36 into engagement with the
wall of body 12 forming flow passage 14 to center the deflector in
the flow passage 14 coaxially. As shown in FIG. 2, ends of the
struts 40 may be held between the upstream end of longitudinal
segment 31 and an internal shoulder of outlet member 37. The
diameter of the flow passage 14 is larger than the maximum external
diameter of the deflector 32 such that an annular gap or space is
defined in the flow passage 14 around and along the deflector. In
one preferred embodiment, the external diameter of the intermediate
section 36 is or is substantially 0.800 inch and the maximum
external diameter of the upstream section 32 is or is substantially
1.200 inches in a flow passage 14 having a diameter of or
substantially of 1.600 inches. The distance between the exit
opening 24 and the downstream end 34 may be or may substantially be
3.64 inches in the preferred embodiment.
[0026] The deflector 32 may be hollow, with a lumen 44 extending
entirely therethrough. The lumen 44 has an entry hole 46 at the
downstream end 34 coaxial with the exit opening 24 of Venturi tube
inlet 20 and has an outlet hole 48 at the end of the upstream
section 38 coaxial with the entry hole 46. The lumen 44 comprises a
cylindrical downstream lumen segment extending in the upstream
direction from the entry hole 46 to a frustoconical upstream lumen
segment extending in the upstream direction from the downstream
lumen segment to the outlet hole 48. Accordingly, the downstream
lumen segment is of uniform circular cross-section having a uniform
diameter from the entry hole 46 to the upstream lumen segment. The
upstream lumen segment is of continuously and uniformly increasing
circular cross-section of continuously and uniformly increasing
diameter from the downstream lumen segment to the outlet hole 48.
In one preferred embodiment, the downstream lumen segment has a
diameter of or substantially of 0.400 inch and the outlet hole 48
has a diameter of or substantially of 0.800 inch. A discharge
opening or outlet 50 for the fluid ejector pump 10 at outlet end 18
is located upstream of the outlet hole 48 of the deflector 32 such
that a mixing region 51 of flow passage 14 is defined between
outlet hole 48 and discharge opening 50. In a preferred embodiment,
the length of mixing region 51 corresponding to the distance from
outlet hole 48 to discharge opening 50 is or is substantially 2.35
inches. The external surface of deflector 32 defining the upstream
section 38 extends angularly outwardly from the external surface of
the deflector defining the intermediate section 36, and the
external surface of the upstream section 38 extends angularly
outwardly from the external surface of the intermediate section 36
at an angle A as shown in FIG. 3. In a preferred embodiment, angle
A is or is substantially 13 degrees.
[0027] Water flowing upstream through the flow passage 14 from the
Venturi tube inlet 20 is combined with and contains air which
enters the flow passage 14 through the suction inlet 28. As this
fluid flows upstream, it encounters the deflector 32, causing some
of the fluid to enter the deflector lumen 44 and some of the fluid
to flow along the annular space of the flow passage 14 between the
interior surface of the body 12 and the external surface of the
deflector. The acceleration of the fluid flowing upstream in the
flow passage 14 along the annular space is increased due to the
upward angle of the upstream section 38 of the deflector 32, and
the fluid flow is also increased. The fluid flowing through the
deflector lumen 44 is discharged into the flow passage 14 from the
outlet hole 48 of the deflector, and a high-low mixing effect is
produced in the fluid within the mixing region 51 of the flow
passage for greater mixing and turbulence. The deflector 32 causes
decreased fluid pressure and creates a unique flow mixing pattern
and greater flow rates while reducing back pressure. Fluid exiting
the outlet hole 48 of the deflector 32 has rifling striations to
create greater turbulence. In addition, suction or vacuum at the
suction inlet 28 is increased. The fluid is discharged from the
outlet 50 of the fluid ejector pump as atomized or air-entrained
water.
[0028] A modified fluid ejector pump according to the present
invention is shown at 110 in FIG. 5. Fluid ejector pump 110 is
similar to fluid ejector pump 10 except for Venturi tube inlet 120.
Venturi tube inlet 120 differs from Venturi tube inlet 20 in that
Venturi tube inlet 20 comprises Venturi tube member 121 without a
cylindrical sleeve mounted on the downstream end of the Venturi
tube member 121. In addition, the Venturi tube member 121 differs
from Venturi tube member 21 in that Venturi tube member 121 has a
shorter first cylindrical section 127 formed as an annular flange
in abutment with the downstream end of longitudinal segment 131 and
defining the entry opening 122 for fluid ejector pump 110 opening
directly into the tapered section 125 of Venturi tube inlet
120.
[0029] Another modified fluid ejector pump according to the present
invention is illustrated at 210 in FIG. 6. Fluid ejector pump 210
is similar to fluid ejector pump 10 except that the suction inlet
228 for fluid ejector pump 210 comprises a plurality of air entry
slots or ports 230 formed in the cylindrical wall of body 212
defining the flow passage 214. Slots 230 are formed in a
longitudinal segment 231 of body 212 which does not have a
transverse segment extending therefrom. The downstream end of
longitudinal segment 231 receives the tapered section 225 of
Venturi tube member 221 and the upstream end of longitudinal
segment 231 receives the downstream end of transition member 235 as
described above for longitudinal segment 31. The air entry openings
or slots 230 are disposed in longitudinal segment 231 at spaced
radial locations about a central longitudinal axis of the flow
passage 214. The slots 230 are parallel to the central longitudinal
axis of the flow passage and the exit opening 124 is aligned with
the slots 230 in a direction perpendicular to the central
longitudinal axis of the flow passage.
[0030] An additional fluid ejector pump according to the present
invention is illustrated at 310 in FIGS. 7 and 8. Fluid ejector
pump 310 includes an elongate body 312 attached to a handle 352.
The body 312 is shown attached or assembled to a housing 353 of the
handle 352 in FIG. 7, and the body 312 may be removable or
detachable from the handle 352 as shown by FIG. 8. The handle 352
may comprise a pistol grip or any other suitable configuration for
grasping. The housing 353 of handle 352 has a through bore in
coaxial communication with the flow passage through body 312, and
the housing 353 is connectible with a source of fluid to be
supplied to the flow passage of body 312. The body 312 may be
designed as depicted in FIG. 8, wherein the body 312 is similar to
the body 212 for fluid ejector pump 210 except that deflector 332
differs from deflector 232. Deflector 332 is solid and has
downstream end 334 of convex or partial spherical configuration,
intermediate section 336 of cylindrical configuration extending in
the upstream direction from downstream end 334, and upstream
section 338 of frustoconical configuration extending in the
upstream direction from the intermediate section 336. The
intermediate section 336 is of considerably greater length than the
intermediate section 236, and the upstream section 338 is of
considerably shorter length than the upstream section 238. Struts
340 extend from intermediate section 336 into engagement with the
wall of body 312 for centering the deflector 332 coaxially in the
flow passage 314. In a preferred embodiment, the flow passage 314
has a diameter of or substantially of 1.6 inches; the deflector 332
has an overall length of or substantially of 5.7 inches; the
upstream section 338 has a length of or substantially of 0.5 inch;
and the intermediate section 336 has a diameter of or substantially
of 0.8 inch. The external surface of upstream section 338 extends
angularly outwardly in the upstream direction from the external
surface of intermediate section 336 at an angle B which, in a
preferred embodiment, is or is substantially 45 degrees. The
upstream section 338 of deflector 332 extends in the upstream
direction beyond the upstream end of outlet member 337. In
addition, the circumferential edge of the outlet member 337 at its
upstream end is angled or beveled to extend in parallel spaced
relation to the upstream section 338 of deflector 332. An outer
tubular collar 355 of body 312 is disposed concentrically over the
outlet member 337 and extends in the upstream direction beyond the
upstream end of the outlet member 337 and the upstream section 338
of the deflector 332. Accordingly, fluid flowing upstream around
and past the deflector 332 enters the larger diameter region of
flow passage 314 defined by collar 355, and the upstream end of
collar 355 defines the outlet 350. A hood 354, shown in FIG. 7,
having an outwardly flared configuration may be coupled with the
outlet end 318 of the body 312.
[0031] Water discharged from Venturi tube inlet 320, which is
similar to Venturi tube inlets 20 and 220, is combined with air
entering through the suction inlet 328, which comprises air entry
openings 330. As this fluid continues to flow upstream through the
flow passage 314, it encounters the deflector 332. The flow is
separated by the deflector 332 and a highly unstable vortex is
created in the fluid. Greater turbulence is imparted to the fluid
flow causing natural Bernoulli eddies which produce greater mixing
of the fluid and greater suction at the air entry openings 330 of
suction inlet 328. The mixture of air into the jet stream of water
causes a natural air break to eliminate recoil felt at the handle
352. Less motive force is required for fluid flow through the flow
passage 314 while eliminating undesirable backflow pressure. The
fluid is discharged from a discharge outlet 357 of hood 354 as
finely atomized or air-entrained water.
[0032] The fluid ejector pump 310 is particularly useful as a fire
nozzle, and a fire hose can be coupled with the housing 353. The
atomized or air-entrained water significantly reduces the thermal
swing of a fire allowing a fire to be extinguished faster due to
the water bursting to cold steam. Consequently, a fire is
suffocated faster utilizing less water for greater effectiveness.
If desired, a fire-suppressing biodegradable foam can be added to
the fluid flowing through the flow passage 314.
[0033] Another body 412 for the fluid ejector pumps according to
the present invention is illustrated at 412 in FIG. 9. The body 412
is similar to the body 312 except that the Venturi tube inlet 420
for body 412 is similar to the Venturi tube inlet 120 while the
Venturi tube inlet 320 for body 312 is similar to Venturi tube
inlets 20 and 220.
[0034] The fluid ejector pumps of the present invention can be used
in many various applications including as a pump for irrigation for
increased discharge flow using less energy, as a vacuum scrubber
for high dust environments in woodworking, coal-dust retention,
airborne glass particles or paint-spraying booths using the vacuum
created by the suction inlet to draw airborne particles into a
fluid bypass trap and enable the particles to be concentrated into
a holding or containment area, as a relay pump to maintain water
pressure between fire trucks, as a vertical pump to move water
vertically such as in high-rise buildings to maintain pressure to
upper floors, as a pump for aqua, shrimp and/or fish farming to
oxygenate or aerate a body of water, and as a pump for pesticides
allowing pesticides to be sprayed from a sprinkler system in hard
to access areas.
[0035] The fluid ejector pumps can accept extreme high pressure
fluid flows without a recoil effect. The size of the Venturi tube
inlet can be varied to increase or decrease total flow output. The
fluid ejector pumps may include click-stop water adjustments and
flow meter labeling. The fluid ejector pumps may be made from
materials selected to reduce weight.
[0036] Inasmuch as the present invention is subject to many
variations, modifications and changes in detail, it is intended
that all subject matter discussed above or shown in the
accompanying drawings be interpreted as illustrative only and not
be taken in a limiting sense.
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