U.S. patent application number 10/014012 was filed with the patent office on 2005-04-14 for nested oligonucleotides containing a hairpin for nucleic acid amplification.
Invention is credited to Bowdish, Katherine S., Frederickson, Shana, McWhirter, John, Toshiaki, Maruyama.
Application Number | 20050079489 10/014012 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26944185 |
Filed Date | 2005-04-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050079489 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Bowdish, Katherine S. ; et
al. |
April 14, 2005 |
NESTED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES CONTAINING A HAIRPIN FOR NUCLEIC ACID
AMPLIFICATION
Abstract
Templates that are engineered to contain a predetermined
sequence and a hairpin structure are provided by a nested
oligonucleotide extension reaction. The engineered template allows
Single Primer Amplification (SPA) to amplify a target sequence
within the engineered template. In particularly useful embodiments,
the target sequences from the engineered templates are cloned into
expression vehicles to provide a library of polypeptides or
proteins, such as, for example, an antibody library.
Inventors: |
Bowdish, Katherine S.; (Del
Mar, CA) ; Frederickson, Shana; (Solana Beach,
CA) ; McWhirter, John; (San Diego, CA) ;
Toshiaki, Maruyama; (San Diego, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Mark Farber
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
352 Knotter Drive
Cheshire
CT
06410
US
|
Family ID: |
26944185 |
Appl. No.: |
10/014012 |
Filed: |
December 10, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60254669 |
Dec 11, 2000 |
|
|
|
60323400 |
Sep 19, 2001 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
435/6.11 ;
435/91.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C12Q 1/6844 20130101;
C12Q 1/6844 20130101; C12Q 2525/301 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
435/006 ;
435/091.2 |
International
Class: |
C12Q 001/68; C12P
019/34 |
Claims
1. A method of amplifying nucleic acid comprising the steps of: a)
annealing a primer to a template nucleic acid sequence, the primer
having a first portion which anneals to the template and a second
portion of predetermined sequence; b) synthesizing a polynucleotide
that anneals to and is complementary to the portion of the template
adjacent to the location at which the first portion of the primer
anneals to the template, the polynucleotide having a first end and
a second end, wherein the first end incorporates the primer; c)
separating the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b) from the
template; d) annealing a nested oligonucleotide to the second end
of the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b), the nested
oligonucleotide having a first portion that anneals to the second
end of the polynucleotide, and a second portion having a hairpin
structure; e) extending the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b)
to provide an extended polynucleotide comprising a portion that is
complementary to the hairpin structure and a terminal portion that
is complementary to the predetermined sequence; and f) amplifying
the extended polynucleotide using a single primer having the
predetermined sequence.
2. A method as in claim 1 further comprising the step of providing
a nucleic acid template by annealing a restriction oligonucleotide
to a nucleic acid strand to form a double stranded portion and
digesting the nucleic acid strand at the double stranded
portion.
3. A method as in claim 1 wherein the template encodes an
immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
4. A method as in claim 1 wherein the template is selected from the
group consisting of full length or truncated mRNA, DNA and
cDNA.
5. A method as in claim 1 wherein the nucleic acid being amplified
includes a target sequence encoding a polypeptide.
6. A method as in claim 5 wherein the target sequence encodes an
immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
7. A method as in claim 5 further comprising the step of digesting
the extended polynucleotide to isolate the target sequence.
8. A method as in claim 7 further comprising the step of ligating
the isolated target sequence into an expression vector.
9. A method as in claim 8 further comprising the steps of
transforming a host cell with the expression vector and expressing
the polypeptide encoded by the target sequence.
10. A method of amplifying nucleic acid comprising the steps of: a)
annealing a primer and a boundary oligonucleotide to a template
nucleic acid sequence, the primer having a first portion which
anneals to the template and a second portion of predetermined
sequence; b) synthesizing a polynucleotide that anneals to and is
complementary to the portion of the template between the location
at which the first portion of the primer anneals to the template
and the portion of the template to which the boundary
oligonucleotide anneals, the polynucleotide having a first end and
a second end, wherein the first end incorporates the primer; c)
separating the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b) from the
template; d) annealing a nested oligonucleotide to the second end
of the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b), the nested
oligonucleotide having a first portion that anneals to the second
end of the polynucleotide and a second portion having a hairpin
structure; e) extending the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b)
to provide an extended polynucleotide comprising a portion that is
complementary to the hairpin structure and a terminal portion that
is complementary to the predetermined sequence; and f) amplifying
the extended polynucleotide using a single primer having the
predetermined sequence.
11. A method as in claim 10 further comprising the step of
providing a nucleic acid template by generating first strand cDNA
from mRNA.
12. A method as in claim 10 wherein the template is selected from
the group consisting of full length or truncated mRNA, DNA and
cDNA.
13. A method as in claim 10 wherein the extended polynucleotide
includes a target sequence encoding a polypeptide.
14. A method as in claim 10 wherein the extended polynucleotide
encodes an immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
15. A method as in claim 14 wherein the target sequence encodes an
immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
16. A method as in claim 14 further comprising the step of
digesting the extended polynucleotide to isolate the target
sequence.
17. A method as in claim 16 further comprising the step of ligating
the isolated target sequence into an expression vector.
18. A method as in claim 17 further comprising the steps of
transforming a host cell with the expression vector and expressing
the polypeptide encoded by the target sequence.
19. A method of amplifying nucleic acid comprising the steps of: a)
annealing an oligo dT primer and a boundary oligonucleotide to an
mRNA template; b) synthesizing a polynucleotide that anneals to and
is complementary to the portion of the template between the
location at which the first portion of the primer anneals to the
template and the portion of the template to which the boundary
oligonucleotide anneals, the polynucleotide having a first end and
a second end, wherein the first end incorporates the primer; c)
separating the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b) from the
template; d) annealing a nested oligonucleotide to the second end
of the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b), the nested
oligonucleotide having a first portion that anneals to the second
end of the polynucleotide, and a second portion having a hairpin
structure; e) extending the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b)
to provide an extended polynucleotide comprising a portion that is
complementary to the hairpin structure and a poly A terminal
portion; and f) amplifying the extended polynucleotide using a
single primer.
20. A method as in claim 19 further comprising the step of
providing a nucleic acid template by generating first strand cDNA
from mRNA.
21. A method as in claim 19 wherein the template is selected from
the group consisting of full length or truncated mRNA, DNA and
cDNA.
22. A method as in claim 19 wherein the extended polynucleotide
includes a target sequence encoding a polypeptide.
23. A method as in claim 19 wherein the extended polynucleotide
encodes an immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
24. A method as in claim 22 wherein the target sequence encodes an
immunoglobulin molecule or fragment thereof.
25. A method as in claim 22 further comprising the step of
digesting the extended polynucleotide to isolate the target
sequence.
26. A method as in claim 25 further comprising the step of ligating
the isolated target sequence into an expression vector.
27. A method as in claim 26 further comprising the steps of
transforming a host cell with the expression vector and expressing
the polypeptide encoded by the target sequence.
28. (canceled)
29. A method of amplifying a nucleic acid strand comprising the
steps of: a) providing a nucleic acid strand having i) a
predetermined sequence engineered onto a first end thereof, ii) a
sequence complementary to the predetermined sequence, and iii) a
hairpin structure therebetween; and b) contacting the engineered
nucleic acid strand with a primer containing at least a portion of
the predetermined sequence in the presence of a polymerase and
nucleotides under conditions suitable for polymerization of the
nucleotides, thereby producing a complementary nucleic acid
strand.
30. A method as in claim 29 further comprising the steps of:
digesting the complementary nucleic acid strand to isolate a target
nucleic acid sequence contained therein; ligating the target
nucleic acid sequence into an expression vector; transforming a
host organism with the expression vector; and expressing a
polypeptide or protein encoded by the target sequence.
31. A method of amplifying a family of related nucleic acid
sequences to build a complex library of polypeptides encoded by the
sequences, the method comprising: a) annealing a primer to a family
of related nucleic acid sequence templates, the primer having a
first portion which anneals to the templates and a second portion
of predetermined sequence; b) synthesizing polynucleotides that
anneal to and are complementary to the portion of the templates
adjacent to the location at which the first portion of the primer
anneals to the templates, the polynucleotides having a first end
and a second end, wherein the first end incorporates the primer; c)
separating the polynucleotides synthesized in step (b) from the
templates; d) annealing a nested oligonucleotide to the second end
of the polynucleotides synthesized in step (b), the nested
oligonucleotide having a first portion that anneals to the second
end of the polynucleotides, and a second portion having a hairpin
structure; e) extending the polynucleotides synthesized in step (b)
to provide an extended polynucleotide comprising a portion that is
complementary to the hairpin structure and a terminal portion that
is complementary to the predetermined sequence; and f) amplifying
the extended polynucleotides using a single primer having the
predetermined sequence.
32. A method as in claim 1, wherein steps a), b) and c) are
repeated from 15 to 25 times prior to annealing the nested
oligonucleotide.
33. A method as in claim 10, wherein steps a), b) and c) are
repeated from 15 to 25 times prior to annealing the nested
oligonucleotide.
34. A method as in claim 19, wherein steps a), b) and c) are
repeated from 15 to 25 times prior to annealing the nested
oligonucleotide.
35. A method as in claim 31, wherein steps a), b) and c) are
repeated from 15 to 25 times prior to annealing the nested
oligonucleotide.
36-43. (canceled)
44. A method as in claim 1 wherein the first end of the
polynucleotide is the 5' end.
45. A method as in claim 1 wherein the first end of the
polynucleotide is the 5' end.
46. A method as in claim 19 wherein the first end of the
polynucleotide is the 5' end.
47. A method as in claim 1 wherein the first end of the nucleic
acid strand is the 5' end.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/254,669 filed Dec. 11, 2000 and to U.S.
Provisional Application No. 60/323,400 filed Sept. 19, 2001. The
disclosures of both these Provisional Applications are incorporated
herein in their entirety by this reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This disclosure relates to engineered templates useful for
amplification of a target nucleic acid sequence. More specifically,
templates which are engineered to contain a predetermined sequence
and a hairpin structure are provided by a nested oligonucleotide
extension reaction. The engineered templates allow Single Primer
Amplification (SPA) to amplify a target sequence within the
engineered template. In particularly useful embodiments, the target
sequences from the engineered templates are cloned into expression
vehicles to provide a library of polypeptides or proteins, such as,
for example, an antibody library.
BACKGROUND OF RELATED ART
[0003] Methods for nucleic acid amplification and detection of
amplification products assist in the detection, identification,
quantification, isolation and sequence analysis of nucleic acid
sequences. Nucleic acid amplification is an important step in the
construction of libraries from related genes such as, for example,
antibodies. These libraries can be screened for antibodies having
specific, desirable activities. Nucleic acid analysis is important
for detection and identification of pathogens, detection of gene
alteration leading to defined phenotypes, diagnosis of genetic
diseases or the susceptibility to a disease, assessment of gene
expression in development, disease and in response to defined
stimuli, as well as the various genome projects. Other applications
of nucleic acid amplification method include the detection of rare
cells, detection of pathogens, and the detection of altered gene
expression in malignancy, and the like. Nucleic acid amplification
is also useful for qualitative analysis (such as, for example, the
detection of the presence of defined nucleic acid sequences) and
quantification of defined gene sequences (useful, for example, in
assessment of the amount of pathogenic sequences as well as the
determination of gene multiplication or deletion, and cell
transformation from normal to malignant cell type, etc.). The
detection of sequence alterations in a nucleic acid sequence is
important for the detection of mutant genotypes, as relevant for
genetic analysis, the detection of mutations leading to drug
resistance, pharmacogenomics, etc.
[0004] There are many variations of nucleic acid amplification, for
example, exponential amplification, linked linear amplification,
ligation-based amplification, and transcription-based
amplification. One example of exponential nucleic acid
amplification method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which has
been disclosed in numerous publications. See, for example, Mullis
et al. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 51:263-273 (1986);
Mullis K. EP 201,184; Mullis et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,582,788; Erlich
et al. EP 50,424, EP 84,796, EP 258,017, EP 237,362; and Saiki R.
et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,194. In fact, the polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) is the most commonly used target amplification
method. PCR is based on multiple cycles of denaturation,
hybridization of two different oligonucleotide primers, each to
opposite strand of the target strands, and primer extension by a
nucleotide polymerase to produce multiple double stranded copies of
the target sequence.
[0005] Amplification methods that employ a single primer, have also
been disclosed. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,508,178;
5,595,891; 5,683,879; 5,130,238; and 5,679,512. The primer can be a
DNA/RNA chimeric primer, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
5,744,308.
[0006] Some amplification methods use template switching
oligonucleotides (TSOs) and blocking oligonucleotides. For example,
a template switch amplification in which chimeric DNA primer are
utilized is disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,679,512; 5,962,272;
6,251,639; and by Patel et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
93:2969-2974 (1996).
[0007] However the previously described target amplification
methods have several drawbacks. For example, the transcription base
amplification methods, such as Nucleic Acid Sequence Based
Amplification (NASBA) and transcription mediated amplification
(TMA), are limited by the need for incorporation of the polymerase
promoter sequence into the amplification product by a primer, a
process prone to result in non-specific amplification. Another
example of a drawback of the current amplification methods is the
requirement of two binding events which may have optimal binding at
different temperatures. This combination of factors results in
increased likelihood of mis-priming and resultant amplification of
sequences other than the target sequence. Therefore, there is a
need for improved nucleic acid amplification methods that overcome
these drawbacks. The invention provided herein fulfills this need
and provides additional benefits.
SUMMARY
[0008] A method of amplifying nucleic acid has been discovered
which includes the steps of a) annealing a primer to a template
nucleic acid sequence, the primer having a first portion which
anneals to the template and a second portion of predetermined
sequence; b) synthesizing a polynucleotide that anneals to and is
complementary to the portion of the template between the location
at which the first portion of the primer anneals to the template
and the end of the template, the polynucleotide having a first end
and a second end, wherein the first end incorporates the primer; c)
separating the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b) from the
template; d) annealing a nested oligonucleotide to the second end
of the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b), the nested
oligonucleotide having a first portion that anneals to the second
end of the polynucleotide, and a second portion having a hairpin
structure; e) extending the polynucleotide synthesized in step (b)
to provide a portion that is complementary to the hairpin structure
and a terminal portion that is complementary to the predetermined
sequence; and f) amplifying the extended polynucleotide using a
single primer having the predetermined sequence.
[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the method of amplifying
nucleic acid includes the steps of a) annealing a primer and a
boundary oligonucleotide to a template nucleic acid sequence, the
primer having a first portion which anneals to the template and a
second portion of predetermined sequence; b) synthesizing a
polynucleotide that anneals to and is complementary to the portion
of the template between the location at which the first portion of
the primer anneals to the template and the portion of the template
to which the boundary oligonucleotide anneals, the polynucleotide
having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end
incorporates the primer; c) separating the polynucleotide
synthesized in step (b) from the template; d) annealing a nested
oligonucleotide to the second end of the polynucleotide synthesized
in step (b), the nested oligonucleotide having a first portion that
anneals to the second end of the polynucleotide and a second
portion having a hairpin structure; e) extending the polynucleotide
synthesized in step (b) to provide a portion that is complementary
to the hairpin structure and a terminal portion that is
complementary to the predetermined sequence; and f) amplifying the
extended polynucleotide using a single primer having the
predetermined sequence.
[0010] In yet another embodiment, the method of amplifying nucleic
acid includes the steps of a) annealing an oligo dT primer and a
boundary oligonucleotide to an mRNA template; b) synthesizing a
polynucleotide that anneals to and is complementary to the portion
of the template between the location at which the first portion of
the primer anneals to the template and the portion of the template
to which the boundary oligonucleotide anneals, the polynucleotide
having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end
incorporates the primer; c) separating the polynucleotide
synthesized in step (b) from the template; d) annealing a nested
oligonucleotide to the second end of the polynucleotide synthesized
in step (b), the nested oligonucleotide having a first portion that
anneals to the second end of the polynucleotide, and a second
portion having a hairpin structure; e) extending the polynucleotide
synthesized in step (b) to provide an extended polynucleotide that
includes a portion that is complementary to the hairpin structure
and a poly A terminal portion; and f) amplifying the extended
polynucleotide using a single primer.
[0011] In another aspect an engineered nucleic acid strand is
disclosed which has a predetermined sequence at a first end
thereof, a sequence complementary to the predetermined sequence at
the other end thereof, and a hairpin structure therebetween.
[0012] In yet another aspect, a method of amplifying a nucleic acid
strand has been discovered which includes the steps of providing an
engineered nucleic acid strand having a predetermined sequence at a
first end thereof, a sequence complementary to the predetermined
sequence at the other end thereof and a hairpin structure
therebetween, and contacting the engineered nucleic acid strand
with a primer containing at least a portion of the predetermined
sequence in the presence of a polymerase and nucleotides under
conditions suitable for polymerization of the nucleotides.
[0013] Once the engineered nucleic acid is amplified a desired
number of times, restriction sites can be used to digest the strand
so that the target nucleic acid sequence can be ligated into a
suitable expression vector. The vector may then be used to
transform an appropriate host organism using standard methods to
produce the polypeptide or protein encoded by the target sequence.
In particularly useful embodiments, the techniques described herein
are used to amplify a family of related sequences to build a
complex library, such as, for example, an antibody library.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a primer and boundary
oligo annealed to a template;
[0015] FIG. 2A is a schematic illustration of a restriction oligo
annealed to a nucleic acid strand;
[0016] FIG. 2B is a schematic illustration of a primer annealed to
a template that has a shortened 5' end;
[0017] FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a nested oligo having
a hairpin structure annealed to a newly synthesized nucleic acid
strand;
[0018] FIG. 4A is a schematic illustration of an engineered
template in accordance with this disclosure; and
[0019] FIG. 4B is a schematic illustration of an engineered
template in accordance with an alternative embodiment.
[0020] FIGS. 5A-5C is a chart showing the sequences of clones
produced in Example 4.
[0021] FIGS. 6A-6C is a chart showing the sequences of clones
produced in Example 7.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0022] The present disclosure provides a method of amplifying a
target nucleic acid sequence. In particularly useful embodiments,
the target nucleic acid sequence is a gene encoding a polypeptide
or protein. The disclosure also describes how the products of the
amplification may be cloned and expressed in suitable expression
systems. In particularly useful embodiments, the techniques
described herein are used to amplify a family of related sequences
to build a complex library, such as, for example, an antibody
library.
[0023] The target nucleic acid sequence is exponentially amplified
through a process that involves only a single primer. The ability
to employ a single primer (i.e., without the need for both forward
and reverse primers each having different sequences) is achieved by
engineering a strand of nucleic acid that contains the target
sequence to be amplified. The engineered strand of nucleic acid
(sometimes referred to herein as the "engineered template") is
prepared from two templates; namely, 1) a starting material that is
a natural or synthetic nucleic acid (e.g., RNA, DNA or cDNA)
containing the sequence to be amplified and 2) a nested
oligonucleotide that provides a hairpin structure. The starting
material can be used directly as the original template, or,
alternatively, a strand complementary to the starting material can
be prepared and used as the original template. The nested
oligonucleotide is used as a template to extend the nucleotide
sequence of the original template during creation of the engineered
strand of nucleic acid. The engineered strand of nucleic acid is
created from the original template by a series of manipulations
that result in the presence of a predetermined sequence at one end
thereof and a hairpin structure. It is these two features that
allow amplification using only a single primer.
[0024] Any nucleic acid, in purified or nonpurified form, can be
utilized as the starting material for the processes described
herein provided it contains or is suspected of containing the
target nucleic acid sequence to be amplified. Thus, the starting
material employed in the process may be, for example, DNA or RNA,
including messenger RNA, which DNA or RNA may be single stranded or
double stranded. In addition, a DNA-RNA hybrid which contains one
strand of each may be utilized. A mixture of any of these nucleic
acids may also be employed, or the nucleic acids produced from a
previous amplification reaction herein using the same or different
primers may be utilized. The target nucleic acid sequence to be
amplified may be a fraction of a larger molecule or can be present
initially as a discrete molecule. The starting nucleic acid may
contain more than one desired target nucleic acid sequence which
may be the same or different. Therefore, the present process may be
useful not only for producing large amounts of one target nucleic
acid sequence, but also for amplifying simultaneously more than one
different target nucleic acid sequence located on the same or
different nucleic acid molecules.
[0025] The nucleic acids may be obtained from any source, for
example: genomic or cDNA libraries, plasmids, cloned DNA or RNA, or
from natural DNA or RNA from any source, including bacteria, yeast,
viruses, and higher organisms such as plants or animals. The
nucleic acid can be naturally occurring or synthetic, either
totally or in part. Techniques for obtaining and producing the
nucleic acids used in the present processes are well known to those
skilled in the art. If the nucleic acid contains two strands, it is
necessary to separate the strands of the nucleic acid before it can
be used as the original template, either as a separate step or
simultaneously with the synthesis of the primer extension products.
Additionally, if the starting material is first strand DNA, second
strand DNA may advantageously be created by processes within the
purview of those skilled in the art and used as the original
template from which the engineered template is created.
[0026] First strand cDNA and mRNA are particularly useful as the
original template for the present methods. Suitable methods for
generating DNA templates are known to and readily selected by those
skilled in the art. In one embodiment, 1.sup.st strand cDNA is
synthesized in a reaction where reverse transcriptase catalyzes the
synthesis of DNA complementary to any RNA starting material in the
presence of an oligodeoxynucleotide primer and the four
deoxynucleoside triphosphates, dATP, dGTP, dCTP, and TTP. The
reaction is initiated by the non-covalent bonding of the
oligo-deoxynucleotide primer to the 3' end of mRNA followed by
stepwise addition of the appropriate deoxynucleotides as determined
by base pairing relationships with the mRNA nucleotide sequence, to
the 3' end of the growing chain. As those skilled in the art will
appreciate, all mRNA in a sample can be used to generate first
strand cDNA through the annealing of oligo dT to the poly A tail of
the mRNA.
[0027] Once the original template is obtained, a primer 20 and a
boundary oligonucleotide 30 are annealed to the original template
10. (See FIG. 1.) A strand of nucleic acid complementary to the
portion of the original template beginning at the 3' end of the
primer up to about the 5' end of the boundary oligonucleotide is
polymerized.
[0028] The primer 20 that is annealed to the original template
includes a portion 25 that anneals to the original template and
optionally a portion 22 of predetermined sequence that preferably
does not anneal to the template, and optionally a restriction site
23 between portions 22 and 25. Thus, for example, where the
original template is mRNA, a portion having a predetermined
sequence that does not anneal to the template is not needed, but
rather the primer can be any gene-specific internal sequence of the
mRNA or oligo dT which will anneal to the unique poly A tail of the
mRNA.
[0029] The primer anneals to the original template adjacent to the
target sequence 12 to be amplified. It is contemplated that the
primer can anneal to the original template upstream of the target
sequence (or downstream in the case, e.g., of an mRNA original
template) to be amplified, or that the primer may overlap the
beginning of the target sequence 12 to be amplified as shown in
FIG. 1. The predetermined sequence of portion 22 of the primer is
selected so as to provide a sequence to which the single primer
used during the amplification process can hybridize as described in
detail below. Preferably, the predetermined sequence is not native
in the original template and does not anneal to the original
template, as shown in FIG. 1. Optionally, the predetermined
sequence may include a restriction site useful for insertion of a
portion of the engineered template into an expression vector as
described more fully hereinbelow.
[0030] The boundary oligonucleotide 30 that is annealed to the
original template serves to terminate polymerization of the nucleic
acid. Any oligonucleotide capable of terminating nucleic acid
polymerization may be utilized as the boundary oligonucleotide 30.
In a preferred embodiment the boundary oligonucleotide includes a
first portion 35 that anneals to the original template 10 and a
second portion 32 that is not susceptible to an extension reaction.
Techniques to prevent the boundary oligo from acting as a site for
extension are within the purview of one skilled in the art. By way
of example, portion 32 of the boundary oligo 30 may be designed so
that it does not anneal to the original template 10 as shown in
FIG. 1. In such embodiments, the boundary oligonucleotide 30
prevents further polymerization but does not serve as a primer for
nucleic acid synthesis because the 3' end thereof does not
hybridize with the original template 10. Alternatively, the 3' end
of the boundary oligo 30 might be designed to include locked
nucleic acid to achieve the same effect. Locked nucleic acid is
disclosed for example in WO 99/14226, the contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference. Those skilled in the art will
envision other ways of ensuring that no extension of the 3' end of
the boundary oligo occurs.
[0031] Primers and oligonucleotides described herein may be
synthesized using established methods for oligonucleotide synthesis
which are well known in the art. Oligonucleotides, including
primers of the present invention include linear oligomers of
natural or modified monomers or linkages, such as
deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, and the like, which are
capable of specifically binding to a target polynucleotide by way
of a regular pattern of monomer-to monomer interactions such as
Watson-Crick base pairing. Usually monomers are linked by
phosphodiester bonds or their analogs to form oligonucleotides
ranging in size from a few monomeric units e.g., 3-4, to several
tens of monomeric units. A primer is typically single-stranded, but
may be double-stranded. Primers are typically deoxyribonucleic
acids, but a wide variety of synthetic and naturally occurring
primers known in the art may be useful for the methods of the
present disclosure. A primer is complementary to the template to
which it is designed to hybridize to serve as a site for the
initiation of synthesis, but need not reflect the exact sequence of
the template. In such a case, specific hybridization of the primer
to the template depends on the stringency of the hybridization
conditions. Primers may be labeled with, e.g., chromogenic,
radioactive, or fluorescent moieties and used as detectable
moieties.
[0032] Polymerization of nucleic acid can be achieved using methods
known to those skilled in the art. Polymerization is generally
achieved enzymatically, using a DNA polymerase or reverse
transcriptase which sequentially adds free nucleotides according to
the instructions of the template. The selection of a suitable
enzyme to achieve polymerization for a given template and primer is
within the purview of those skilled in the art. In certain
embodiments, the criteria for selection of polymerases includes
lack exonuclease activity or DNA polymerases which do not possess a
strong exonuclease activity. DNA polymerases with low exonuclease
activity for use in the present process may be isolated from
natural sources or produced through recombinant DNA techniques.
Illustrative examples of polymerases that may be used, are, without
limitation, T7 Sequenase v. 2.0, the Klenow Fragment of DNA
polymerase I lacking exonuclease activity, the Klenow Fragment of
Taq Polymerase, exo.-Pfu DNA polymerase, Vent. (exo.-) DNA
polymerase, and Deep Vent. (exo-) DNA polymerase.
[0033] In a particularly useful embodiment, the use of a boundary
oligonucleotide is avoided by removing unneeded portions of the
starting material by digestion. In this embodiment, which is shown
schematically in FIG. 2A, a restriction oligonucleotide 70 is
annealed to the starting material 100 at a preselected location.
The restriction oligonucleotide provides a double stranded portion
on the starting material containing a restriction site 72. Suitable
restriction sites, include, but are not limited to Xho I, Spe I,
Nhel, Hind III, Nco I, Xma I, Bgl II, Bst I, and Pvu I. Upon
exposure to a suitable restriction enzyme, the starting material is
digested and thereby shortened to remove unnecessary sequence while
preserving the desired target sequence 12 (or portion thereof) to
be amplified on what will be used as the original template 110.
Once the original template 110 is obtained, a primer 20 is annealed
to the original template 110 (see FIG. 2B) adjacent to or
overlapping with the target sequence 12 as described above in
connection with previous embodiments. A strand of nucleic acid 40
complementary to the portion of the original template between the
3' end of the primer 20 and the 5' end of the original template 110
is polymerized. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, in
this embodiment where a restriction oligonucleotide is employed to
generate the original template, there is no need to use a boundary
oligonucleotide, because primer extension can be allowed to proceed
all the way to the 5' end of the shortened original template
110.
[0034] Once polymerization is complete (i.e., growing strand 40
reaches the boundary oligonucleotide 30 or the 5' end of the
shortened original template 110), the newly synthesized
complementary strand is separated from the original template by any
suitable denaturing method including physical, chemical or
enzymatic means. Strand separation may also be induced by an enzyme
from the class of enzymes known as helicases or the enzyme RecA,
which has helicase activity and in the presence of riboATP is known
to denature DNA. The reaction conditions suitable for separating
the strands of nucleic acids with helicases are described by Cold
Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, Vol. XLIII "DNA:
Replication and Recombination" (New York: Cold Spring Harbor
Laboratory, 1978), B. Kuhn et al., "DNA Helicases", pp. 63-67, and
techniques for using RecA are reviewed in C. Radding, Ann. Rev.
Genetics, 16:405-37 (1982).
[0035] The newly synthesized complementary strand thus includes
sequences provided by the primer 20 (e. g., the predetermined
sequence 22, the optional restriction site 23 and the annealing
portion 25 of the primer) as well as the newly synthesized portion
45 that is complementary to the portion of the original template 10
between the location at which the primer 20 was annealed to the
original template 10 and either the portion of the original
template 10 to which the boundary oligonucleotide 30 was annealed
or through to the shortened 5' end of the original template. See
FIG. 3.
[0036] Optionally, multiple rounds of polymerization using the
original template and a primer are performed to produce multiple
copies of the newly synthesized complementary strand for use in
subsequent steps. It is contemplated that 2 to 10 rounds or more
(preferably, 15-25 rounds) of linear amplification can be performed
when a DNA template is used. Making multiple copies of the newly
synthesized complementary strand at this point in the process
(instead of waiting until the entire engineered template is
produced before amplifying) helps ensure that accurate copies of
the target sequence are incorporated into the engineered templates
ultimately produced. It is believed that multiple rounds of
polymerization based on the original template provides a greater
likelihood that a better representation of all members of the
library will be achieved, therefore providing greater diversity
compared to a single round of polymerization.
[0037] The next step in preparing the engineered template involves
annealing a nested oligonucleotide 50 to the 3' end of the newly
synthesized complementary strand, for example as shown in FIG. 3.
As seen in FIG. 3, the nested oligonucleotide 50 provides a
template for further polymerization necessary to complete the
engineered template. Nested oligonucleotide 50 includes a portion
52 that does not hybridize and/or includes modified bases to the
newly synthesized complementary strand, thereby preventing the
nested oligonucleotide from serving as a primer. Nested
oligonucleotide 50 also includes a portion 55 that hybridizes to
the 3' end of the newly synthesized complementary strand. Nested
oligonucleotide 50 may optionally also define a restriction site
56. The final portion 58 of nested oligonucleotide 50 contains a
hairpin structure. From the point at which portion 55 extends
beyond the 3' end of the beginning the newly synthesized
complementary strand, the nested oligonucleotide serves as a
template for further polymerization to form the engineered
template. It should be understood that the nested oligo may contain
part of the target sequence (if part thereof was truncated in
forming the original template) or may include genes that encode a
polypeptide or protein (or portion thereof) such as, for example,
one or more CDR's or Framework regions or constant regions of an
antibody. It is also contemplated that a collection of nested
oligonucleotides having different sequences can be employed,
thereby providing a variety of templates which results in a library
of diverse products. Thus, polymerization will extend the newly
synthesized complementary strand by adding additional nucleic acid
60 that is complementary to the nested oligonucleotide as shown in
FIG. 3. Techniques for achieving polymerization are within the
purview of one skilled in the art. As previously noted, in
selecting a suitable polymerase, an enzyme lacking exonuclease
activity may be employed to prevent the 3' end of the nested oligo
from acting as a primer. Because of hairpin structure 50 of the
nested oligonucleotide, eventually the newly synthesized
complementary strand will turn back onto portion 45 of the same
strand which will then serve as the template for further
polymerization. Polymerization will continue until the end of the
primer is reached, at which point the newly synthesized strand will
terminate with a portion whose sequence is complementary to the
primer.
[0038] Once polymerization is complete, the engineered template 120
is separated from the nested oligonucleotide 50 by techniques well
known to those skilled in the art such as, for example, heat
denaturation. The resulting engineered template 120 contains a
portion derived from the original primer 20, portion 45 that is
complementary to a portion of the original template, and portion 65
that is complementary to a portion of the nested oligonucleotide
and includes a hairpin structure 68, and a portion 69 that is
complementary to portion 45. (See FIGS. 4A and B.) The 3' end of
engineered template 120 includes a portion containing a sequence
that is complementary to primer 20. Thus, for example, as shown in
FIG. 4A, the 3' end of engineered template 120 includes portion 22'
containing a sequence that is complementary to the predetermined
sequence of portion 22 of primer 20. This allows for amplification
of the desired sequence contained within engineered template 120
using a single primer having the same sequence as the predetermined
sequence of primer portion 22 (or a primer that is complementary
thereto) using techniques known to those of ordinary skill in the
art.
[0039] As another example (shown in FIG. 4B), where mRNA is used as
the template and oligo dT is used as the primer, the 3' end of
engineered template 120 includes poly A portion that is
complementary to the oligo dT primer. In this case, any sequence
along portion 45 can be selected for use as the primer to be
annealed to portion 69 once the engineered template is denatured
for single primer amplification. Optionally, the primer may include
a non-annealing portion, such as, for example, a portion defining a
restriction site.
[0040] During single primer amplification, the presence of a
polymerase having exonuclease activity is preferred because such
enzymes are known to provide a "proofreading" function and have
relatively higher processivity compared to polymerases lacking
exonuclease activity.
[0041] Due to hairpin structure 68 there is internal self annealing
between the 5' end predetermined sequence and the 3' end sequence
which is complementary to the predetermined sequence on the
engineered template. Upon denaturation and addition of a primer
having the predetermined sequence, the primer will hybridize to the
template and amplification can proceed.
[0042] After amplification is performed, the products may be
detected using any of the techniques known to those skilled in the
art. Examples of methods used to detect nucleic acids include,
without limitation, hybridization with allele specific
oligonucleotides, restriction endonuclease cleavage,
single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP), analysis.gel
electrophoresis, ethidium bromide staining, fluorescence resonance
energy transfer, hairpin FRET essay, and TaqMan assay.
[0043] Once the engineered nucleic acid is amplified a desired
number of times, restriction sites 23 and 66 or any internal
restriction site can be used to digest the strand so that the
target nucleic acid sequence can be ligated into a suitable
expression vector. The vector may then be used to transform an
appropriate host organism using standard methods to produce the
polypeptide or protein encoded by the target sequence.
[0044] In particularly useful embodiments, the methods described
herein are used to amplify target sequences encoding antibodies or
portions thereof, such as, for example the variable regions (either
light or heavy chain) using cDNA of an antibody. In this manner, a
library of antibodies can be amplified and screened. Thus, for
example, starting with a sample of antibody mRNA that is naturally
diverse, first strand cDNA can be produced and digested to provide
an original template. A primer can be designed to anneal upstream
to a selected complementary determining region (CDR) so that the
newly synthesized nucleic acid strand includes the CDR. By way of
example, if the target sequence is heavy chain CDR3, the primer may
be designed to anneal to the heavy chain framework one (FR1)
region. Those skilled in the art will readily envision how to
design appropriate primers to anneal to other upstream sites or to
reproduce other selected targets within the antibody cDNA based on
this disclosure.
[0045] The following Examples are provided to illustrate, but not
limit, the present invention(s):
EXAMPLE 1
Amplification of a Repertoire of Ig Kappa Light Chain Variable
Genes
[0046] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0047] First strand cDNA to be used as the original template was
generated from 2 .mu.g of human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL)
mRNA with an oligo-dT primer using the SuperScript II First Strand
Synthesis Kit (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's
instructions. The 1.sup.st strand cDNA product was purified over a
QlAquick spin column (QIAGEN PCR Purification Kit) and eluted in
400 .mu.L of nuclease-free water.
[0048] Second Strand Linear Amplification (SSLA) in the Presence of
Blocking Oligonucleotide
[0049] The second strand cDNA reaction contained 5 .mu.L of
1.sup.st strand cDNA original template, 0.5 .mu.M primer JMX26VK1a,
0.5 .mu.M blocking oligo CKLNA1, 0.2 mM dNTPs, 5 units of AmpliTaq
Gold DNA polymerase (Applied Biosystems), 1.times. GeneAmp Gold
Buffer(15 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 50 mM KCl), and 1.5 mM MgCl.sub.2.
The final volume of the reaction was 98 .mu.L. The sequence of
primer JMX26VK1a, which hybridizes to the framework 1 region of
VK1a genes, was 5' GTC ACT CAC GAA CTC ACG ACT CAC GGA GAG CTC RAC
ATC CAG ATG ACC CAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 1) where R is an equal mixture
of A and G. The sequence of the blocking oligo CKLNA1, which
hybridizes to the 5' end of the VK constant region, was 5' GAA CTG
TGG CTG CAC CAT CTG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 2), where the underlined bases
are locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotide analogues. After an
initial heat denaturation step of 94.degree. C. for 3 minutes,
linear amplification of 2.sup.nd strand cDNA was carried out for 20
cycles of 94.degree. C. for 15 seconds, 56.degree. C. for 15
seconds, and 68.degree. C. for 1 minute.
[0050] Nested Oligo Extension Reaction
[0051] After the last cycle of linear amplification, 2 .mu.L of a
nested/hairpin oligo designated "JK14TSHP" was added to give a
final concentration of 20 .mu.M. The sequence of JK14TSHP was 5'
CCT TAG AGT CAC GCT AGC GAT TGA TTG ATT GAT TGATTG TTT GTG ACT CTA
AGG TTG GCG CGC CTT CGT TTG ATY TCC ACC TTG GTC C(ps)T(ps)G(ps)P 3'
(SEQ ID NO: 3) where Y is an equal mixture of C and T and (ps) are
phosphorothioate backbone linkages and P is a 3' propyl group. For
nested oligo extension reaction, two cycles of 94.degree. C. for 1
minute, 56.degree. C. for 15 seconds, and 72.degree. C. for 1
minute were performed, followed by a 10 minute incubation at
72.degree. C. to allow complete extension of the hairpin. The
reaction products were purified over a QlAquick spin column (QIAgen
PCR Purification Kit) and eluted in 50 .mu.L of nuclease-free
water.
[0052] Analysis of Engineered Template
[0053] The efficiency of the nested oligo extension reaction was
determined by amplifying the products with either a primer set
specific for the engineered product or a primer set that detects
all VK1a/JK14 second strand cDNA products (including the engineered
product). For specific detection of engineered product, a 10 .mu.L
aliquot was amplified for 20 or 25 cycles with primers designated
"JMX26" and "TSDP". Primer JMX26 hybridizes to the 5' end of
JMX26VK1a, the framework 1 primer used in the second strand cDNA
reaction. Primer TSDP hybridizes to the hairpin-loop sequence added
to the 3' ends of the second strand cDNAs in the nested oligo
extension reaction. The sequence of primer JMX26 was 5' GTC ACT CAC
GAA CTC ACG ACT CAC GG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 4). The sequence of primer
TSDP was 5' CAC GCT AGC GAT TGA TTG ATT G 3' (SEQ ID NO: 5). For
detection of all VK1a/JK14 second strand cDNA products a 10 .mu.L
aliquot was amplified for 20 or 25 cycles with primers JMX26 and
JK14. The sequence of primer JK14, which hybridizes to the
framework 4 region of JK1 and JK4 genes, was 5' GAG GAG GAG GAG GAG
GAG GGC GCG CCT GAT YTC CAC CTT GGT CCC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 6). Both
reactions contained 1.times. GeneAmp Gold Buffer, 1.5 mM
MgCl.sub.2, 7.5% glycerol, 0.2 mM dNTPs, and 0.5 .mu.M of each
primer in a final volume of 50 .mu.L.
[0054] The results with primers JMX26 and TSDP demonstrated the
successful production of nested oligo and extended VK stem-loop DNA
when using SSLA DNA that was blocked specifically with a boundary
oligo. Suitable controls showed that when using the nested oligo in
the presence of SSLA DNA that was not blocked, only a minimal
amount of amplified product was produced. Additional controls
without the nested oligo were negative. However, VK1a/JK14 second
strand cDNA products were detected equally among all tested
samples.
[0055] Single Primer Amplification of the Stem-Loop cDNA
Template
[0056] Conditions that were previously shown to amplify a 352 bp
stem-15 bp loop DNA product were as follows: 10 pg of the stem-loop
DNA, 2 .mu.M primer, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 9.0, 1.5 mM MgCl.sub.2, 15
mM (NH.sub.4).sub.2SO.sub.4, 0.1% Triton X-100, 1.7 M betaine, 0.2
mM dNTPs, and 2.5 units of Z-Taq DNA Polymerase (Takara Shuzo) in a
final volume of 50 .mu.L. The thermal cycling conditions were an
initial denaturation step of 96.degree. C. for 2.5 minutes, 35
cycles of 96.degree. C. for 30 seconds, 64.degree. C. for 30
seconds, 74.degree. C. for 1.5 minutes, and a final extension step
of 74.degree. C. for 10 minutes. Oligonucleotides containing the
modified bases 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine and/or
2-amino-2'-deoxyadenosine have been shown to prime much more
efficiently than unmodified oligonucleotides at primer binding
sites located within hairpin structures (Lebedev et al. 1996.
Genetic Analysis: Biomolecular Engineering 13, 15-21). These
modifications work by increasing the melting temperature of the
primer, allowing the annealing step of the amplification to be
performed at a higher temperature. JMX26 primers containing ten
5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidines or seven 2-amino-2'-deoxyadenosines have
been synthesized.
[0057] Cloning VK Products
[0058] Amplified fragments are cloned by Sac I/Asc I into an
appropriate expression vector that contains, in frame, the
remaining portion of the kappa constant region. Suitable vectors
include pRL5 and pRL4 vectors (described in U.S. Provisional
Application 60/254,411, the disclosure of which is incorporated
herein by reference), fdtetDOG, PHEN1, and pCANTAB5E. Individual
kappa clones can be sequenced.
[0059] Expanding the Repertoire of VKappa Amplified Products
[0060] Further coverage of the VK repertoire is achieved by using
the above protocols with a panel of primers for the generation of
the second strand DNA. The primers contain JMX26 sequence, a Sac I
restriction site, and a region that anneals to 1.sup.st strand cDNA
in the framework 1 region of human antibody kappa light chain
genes. The antibody annealing sequences were derived from the VBase
database primers (www.mrc-cpe.cam.ac.uk/imt-doc/public/INTRO.html)
which were designed based on the known sequences of human
antibodies and are reported to cover the entire human antibody
repertoire of kappa light chain genes. Below is a list of suitable
primers:
1 JMX26Vk1a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCRACA- TCCAGATGACCCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 7) JMX26Vk1b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGMCATCCAGTTGACCCAG (SEQ ID NO: 8)
JMX26Vk1c GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGCCAT- CCRGATGACCCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 9) JMX26Vk1d
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGTCATCTGGATGACCCAG (SEQ ID NO: 10)
JMX26Vk2a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGATA- TTGTGATGACCCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 11) JMX26Vk2b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGATRTTGTGATGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 12)
JMX26Vk3a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAAA- TTGTGTTGACRCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 13) JMX26Vk3b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAAATAGTGATGACGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 14)
JMX26Vk3c GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAAA- TTGTAATGACACAG
(SEQ ID NO: 15) JMX26Vk4a
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGACATCGTGATGACCCAG (SEQ ID NO: 16)
JMX26Vk5a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAAA- CGACACTCACGCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 17) JMX26Vk6a
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAAATTGTGCTGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 18)
JMX26 Vk6b GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCGAT- GTTGTGATGACACAG
(SEQ ID NO: 19)
[0061] In the foregoing sequences, R is an equal mixture of A and
G, M is an equal mixture of A and C, Y is an equal mixture of C and
T, W is an equal mixture of A and T, and S is an equal mixture of C
and G.
EXAMPLE 2
Amplification of a Repertoire of IgM or IgG Heavy Chain or Lambda
Light Chain Variable Genes
[0062] Similar protocols are applied to the amplification of both
heavy chain and lambda light chain genes. JMX26, or another primer
without antibody specific sequences, is used for each of those
applications. If JMX26 is used, the second strand DNA is generated
with the primers listed below which contain JMX26 sequence, a
restriction site (Sac I for lambda, Xho I for heavy chains), and a
region that anneals to 1.sup.st strand cDNA in the framework 1
region of human antibody lambda light chain or heavy chain genes.
The antibody annealing sequences were derived from the VBase
database primers (www.mrc-cpe.cam.ac.uk/imt-doc/public/INTRO.html)
which were designed based on the known sequences of human
antibodies and are reported to cover the entire human antibody
repertoire of lambda light chain and heavy chain genes.
[0063] Lambda Light Chain Framework 1 Specific Primers:
2 JMX26VL1a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGT- CTGTGCTGACTCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 20) JMX26VL1b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGTCTGTGYTGACGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 21)
JMX264VL1C GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAG- TCTGTCGTGACGCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 22) JMX26VL2
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGTCTGCCCTGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 23)
JMX26VL3a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCTCCT- ATGWGCTGACTCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 24) JMX26VL3b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCTCCTATGAGCTGACACAG (SEQ ID NO: 25)
JMX26VL3c GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCTCTT- CTGAGCTGACTCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 26) JMX26VL3d
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCTCCTATGAGCTGATGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 27)
JMX26VL4 GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGCY- TGTGCTGACTCAA (SEQ
ID NO: 28) JMX26VL5
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGSCTGTGCTGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 29)
JMX26VL6 GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCAATTT- TATGCTGACTCAG (SEQ
ID NO: 30) JMX26VL7
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGRCTGTGGTGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 31)
JMX26VL8 GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGAC- TGTGGTGACCCAG (SEQ
ID NO: 32) JMX26VL4/9
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCWGCCTGTGCTGACTCAG (SEQ ID NO: 33)
JMX26VL10 GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGAGAGCTCCAGG- CAGGGCTGACTCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 34)
[0064] In the foregoing sequences (and throughout this disclosure),
R is an equal mixture of A and G, M is an equal mixture of A and C,
Y is an equal mixture of C and T, W is an equal mixture of A and T,
and S is an equal mixture of C and G.
[0065] Heavy Chain Framework 1 Specific Primers:
3 JMX24VH1a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGG- TKCAGCTGGTGCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 35) JMX24VH1b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGGTCCAGCTTGTGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 36)
JMX26VH1c GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagSAGG- TCCAGCTGGTACAG
(SEQ ID NO: 37) JMX26VH1d
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCARATGCAGCTGGTGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 38)
JMX26VH2a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGA- TCACCTTGAAGGAG
(SEQ ID NO: 39) JMX26VH2b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGGTCACCTTGARGGAG (SEQ ID NO: 40)
JMX26VH3a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagGARG- TGCAGCTGGTGGAG
(SEQ ID NO: 41) JMX26VH3b
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAG (SEQ ID NO: 42)
JMX26VH3c GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagGAGG- TGCAGCTGTTGGAG
(SEQ ID NO: 43) JMX26VH4a
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGSTGCAGCTGCAGGAG (SEQ ID NO: 44)
JMX26VH4b GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGG- TGCAGCTACAGCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 45) JMX26VH5a
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagGARGTGCAGCTGGTGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 46)
JMX26VH6a GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGG- TACAGCTGCAGCAG
(SEQ ID NO: 47) JMX26VH7a
GTCACTCACGAACTCACGACTCACGGActcgagCAGGTSCAGCTGGTGCAA (SEQ ID NO:
48)
[0066] In the foregoing sequences (and throughout this disclosure),
R is an equal mixture of A and G, K is an equal mixture of G and T,
and S is an equal mixture of C and G.
[0067] Blocking oligos for the constant domain of IgM, IgG, and
lambda chains are designed. Essentially, a region downstream of
that required for cloning the genes is identified, and within that
region, a sequence useful for annealing a blocking oligo is
determined. For example with IgG heavy chains, a native Apa I
restriction site present in the CH1 domain can be used for cloning.
Generally, the boundary oligo is located downstream of that native
restriction site. Compatible nested oligos are then designed which
contained all the elements described previously.
[0068] Once amplified, the lambda light chain genes are cloned as
is described above for the kappa light chain genes. Likewise,
amplified IgG heavy chain fragments are cloned by Xho I/Apa I into
an appropriate expression vector that contains, in frame, the
remaining portion of the CH1 constant region. Suitable vectors
include pRL5, pRL4, fdtetDOG, PHEN1, and pCANTAB5E. Amplified IgM
heavy chain fragments are cloned by Xho I/EcoR I into an
appropriate expression vector that contains, in frame, the
remaining portion of the CH1 constant region. Like the Apa I
present natively in IgG genes, the EcoR I site is native to the IgM
CH1 domain. Libraries co-expressing both light chains and heavy
chains can be screened or selected for Fabs with the desired
binding activity.
EXAMPLE 3
[0069] Amplification of a Repertoire of Human IgM Heavy Chain
Genes
[0070] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0071] Human peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) mRNA was used as the
original template to generate the first strand cDNA with
ThermoScript RT-PCR System (Invitrogen Life Technologies). In
addition to oligo dT primer, a phosphoramidate oligonucleotide
(synthesized by Annovis Inc. Aston, Pa.) was also included in the
reverse transcription reaction. The phosphoramidate oligonucleotide
serves as a boundary for reverse transcriptase. The first strand
cDNA synthesis was terminated at the location where the
phosphoramidate oligonucleotide anneals with the mRNA. The
phosphoramidate oligonucleotide, PN-1, was designed to anneal with
the framework I region of immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain VH3 genes
and PN-VH5 was designed to anneal with the framework I region of
all the Ig heavy chain genes. A control for first strand cDNA
synthesis was also set up by not including the phosphoramidate
blocking oligonucleotide. The first strand cDNA product was
purified by QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN).
[0072] Phosphoramidate Framework I Blocking Oligonucleotides for Ig
Heavy Chain Genes have the following sequences:
4 (SEQ ID NO: 49) PN-1 5' GCCTCCCCCAGACTC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 50) PN-VH5
5' GCTCCAGACTGCACCAGCTGCAC(C/T)TCGG 3'
[0073] Examination of the Blocking Efficiency
[0074] The blocking efficiency in first strand cDNA synthesis was
examined by PCR reactions using blocking check primers and primer
CM1, dNTPs, Advantage-2 DNA polymerase mix (Clontech), the reaction
buffer, and the first strand cDNA synthesis product. PCR was
performed on a PTC-200 thermal cycler (MJ Research) by heating to
94.degree. C. for 30 seconds and followed by cycles of 94.degree.
C. for 15 second, 60.degree. C. for 15 second, and 72.degree. C.
for one minute. The blocking check primers were designed to anneal
with the leader sequences of Ig heavy chain genes. The sequence of
CM1, which hybridizes with the CH1 region of IgM, was 5'
GCTCACACTAGTAGGCAGCTCAGCAATCAC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 51). Blocking was
analyzed by gel electrophoresis of the PCR products. With
appropriate number of cycles, less PCR product was observed from
the reverse transcription reactions containing the blocking
oligonucleotides than the one does not contain the blocking
oligonucleotides, an indication that termination of first strand
cDNA synthesis was provided by the hybridization of the blocking
oligonucleotides.
[0075] The sequences of the blocking check Primers for Ig heavy
chain genes have the following sequences:
5 H1/7blck 5' C TGG ACC TGG AGG ATC C (SEQ ID NO: 52) 3' H1blck2 5'
C TGG ACC TGG AGG GTC T (SEQ ID NO: 53) 3' H1blck3 5' C TGG ATT TGG
AGG ATC C (SEQ ID NO: 54) 3' H2blck 5' GACACACTTTGCTCCACG 3' (SEQ
ID NO: 55) H2blck2 5' GAC ACA CTT TGC TAC ACA (SEQ ID NO: 56) 3'
H3blck 5' TGGGGCTGAGCTGGGTTT 3' (SEQ ID NO: 57) H3blck2 5' TG GGA
CTG AGC TGG ATT T (SEQ ID NO: 58) 3' H3blck3 5' TT GGG CTG AGC TGG
ATT T (SEQ ID NO: 59) 3' H3blck4 5' TG GGG CTC CGC TGG GTT T (SEQ
ID NO: 60) 3' H3blck5 5' TT GGG CTG AGC TGG CTT T (SEQ ID NO: 61)
3' H3blck6 5' TT GGA CTG AGC TGG GTT T (SEQ ID NO: 62) 3' H3blck7
5' TT TGG CTG AGC TGG GTT T (SEQ ID NO: 63) 3' H4blck 5'
AAACACCTGTGGTTCTTC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 64) H4blck2 5' AAG CAC CTG TGG
TTT TTC (SEQ ID NO: 65) 3' H5blck 5' GGGTCAACCGCCATCCT 3' (SEQ ID
NO: 66) H6blck 5' TCTGTCTCCTTCCTCATC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 67)
[0076] Second Strand cDNA Synthesis And Nesting Oligonucleotide
Extension Reaction:
[0077] The purified first strand cDNA synthesis product was used in
a nested oligo extension reaction with a hairpin-containing nesting
oligonucleotide, dNTPs, Advantage-2 DNA polymerase mix (Clontech),
and the reaction buffer. The extension reaction was performed with
a GeneAmp PCR System 9700 thermocyler (PE Applied Biosystems). It
was heated to 94.degree. C. for 30 seconds and followed by ten
cycles of 94.degree. C. for 15 seconds, appropriate annealing
temperature for each nesting oligonucleotide for 15 seconds,
ramping the temperature to 90.degree. C. at 10% of the normal
ramping rate, and 90.degree. C. for 30 seconds. The resulted heavy
chain gene should contain a hairpin structure.
[0078] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH1 Heavy Chain genes had
the following sequences: hpVH1-1
6 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG CAGGTGCAGCTGGTGCAG (SEQ ID NO:
68) TCTGGGGCT GAGGTGAAGAAGCCTG AAG 3' hpVH1-2 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGCAGaTGCAGCTGGTGC- AG (SEQ ID NO: 69)
TCTGGGGCTGAGGTGAAGAAGaCTAAT 3' hpVH1-3 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG CAG ATG CAG CTG GTG CAG TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 70) GGGCCT GAG GTG AAG AAG CCT ATT 3' hpVH1-4 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGCAG (SEQ ID NO: 71)
TCTGGGGCTGAGGTGAAGAAGCCTGAAG 3'
[0079] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH2 Heavy Chain Genes:
7 hpVH2-1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 72) CAG ATC
ACC TTG AAG GAG TCT GGT CCT ACG CTG GTG AAA CCC ACATAA 3' hpVH2-2
5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 73) CAG GTC ACC TTG
AAG GAG TCT GGT CCT GYG CTG GTG AAA CCC AC TAA 3' Y: C/T
[0080] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH3 Heavy Chain Genes:
8 hpVH3A1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GAG
TCT (SEQ ID NO: 74) GGG GGA GGC TTG GT(C/A) CAG CCT GGGAAA 3' C/A:
M hpVH3A2 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGTCTGGG
(SEQ ID NO: 75) GGAGGC(T/C)TGGT(A/C)AAGCCTGGGAAA 3' hpVH3A3 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGG- AGT (SEQ ID NO: 76)
CTGGGGGAGGTGTGGTACGGCCTGGGAAA 3' hpVH3A4 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTG- CAGCTGGTGGAGA (SEQ ID NO: 77)
CTGGAGGAGGCTTGATCCAGCCTGGGAA- G 3' hpVH3A5 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCT- CGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGT (SEQ ID NO: 78)
CTGGGGGAGTCGTGGTACAGCCTGGGAAA 3' hpVH3A6 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGT CT (SEQ ID NO:
79) CGGGGAGTCTTGGTACAGCCTGGGAAA 3' hpVH3A7 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GA G TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 80) GGG GGA GGC TTG GTA CAG CCT GGCAAA 3' hpVH3A8 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GA G TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 81) GGG GGA GGC TTG GTC CAG CCT GGAAAA 3' hpVH3A9 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GA G TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 82) GGG GGA GGC TTA GTT CAG CCT GGGAAA 3' hpVH3A10 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GA G TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 83) GGG GGA GGC TTG GTA CAG CCA GGGAAA 3' ots-hp-VH3b 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGCAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGT (SEQ ID NO: 84)
CTGGGGGAGGCGTGGTCCAGCCTGGGTTT 3' hp-VH3B2 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGCAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAGT (SEQ ID NO: 85)
CTGGGGGAGGCTTGGTCAAGCCTGGAAAG 3' hpVH3C 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTGTTG GA G TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 86) GGG GGA GGC TTG GTA CAG CCT GGGAAA 3'
[0081] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH4 Heavy Chain Genes:
9 hpVH4-1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 87) CAG STG
CAG CTG CAG GA G TCG GGC CCA GGA CTG GTG AAG CCT T AAA 3' S: C/G
hpVH4-2 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 88) CAG CTG
CAG CTG CAG GAG TCG GGC TCA GGA CTG GTG AAG CCT T AAA 3' hpVH4-3 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 89) AG GTG CAG CTG
CAGCAG TGG GGC GCA GGA CTG TTG AAG CCT T AAT 3'
[0082] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH5 Heavy Chain Genes:
10 othpVH52 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGG- TGCAGCTGGTGCAGT
CT (SEQ ID NO: 90) GGAGCAGAGGTGAAAAAGCCCGG- GGAAAA 3'
[0083] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH6 Heavy Chain Genes:
11 hpVH6 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 91) CAG GTA
CAG CTG CAG CAG TCA GGT CCA GGA CTG GTG AAG CCC AAA 3'
[0084] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig VH7 Heavy Chain Genes:
12 hpVH7 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 92) CAG GTG
CAG CTG GTG CAA TCT GGG TCT GAG TTG AAG AAG CCT ATA 3'
[0085] Additional Ig Heavy Chain Nesting Oligonucleotides:
13 hpVH 3kb1 5'CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGG- TGCGACTGGTGGAG
(SEQ ID NO: 93) TCTGGGGGAGACTTGGTAGAACCGGGG- AAG 3' hpVH 3kb2
5'CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGC- CCTCGAGGAGATGCAACTGGTGGAG (SEQ ID NO:
94) TCTGGGGGAGCCTTCGTCCAGCCGGGGAAG 3'
[0086] Single Primer Amplification of IgM Hairpin-Containing Fd
Fragments
[0087] Products from the nesting oligo extension reaction (i.e. the
engineered template) were amplified using Advantage-2 DNA
polymerase mix (Clontech), the reaction buffer, dNTPs, and a single
primer named CM3 primer. The sequence for the CM3 primer, which
anneals with the CH1 region of IgM, was:
14 5' AGAATTTGACTAGTTGGCAAGAGGCACGTTCTTTTCTTTGTTGCCGT 3'. (SEQ ID
NO: 231)
[0088] The amplification reaction was performed with a GeneAmp PCR
System 9700 thermocyler (PE Applied Biosystems). It was initially
heated to 94.degree. C. for 30 seconds and followed by thirty to
forty cycles of 94.degree. C. for 15 seconds, appropriate annealing
temperature for 15 seconds, ramping the temperature to 90.degree.
C. at 10% of the normal ramping speed, and at 90.degree. C. for 30
seconds. The amplified product was examined by electrophoresis to
be of the expected size, .about.0.7 kb. The amplified fragments
were cloned into an expression vector and their sequences were
confirmed to be human IgM.
EXAMPLE 4
[0089] Amplification of a Repertoire of Human IgG Heavy Chain Genes
from a Donor Immunized with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0090] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0091] The same protocol as example 3 is employed using mRNA of PBL
from a human donor immunized with hepatitis B surface antigen and
the phosphoramidate boundary oligonucleotides designed to anneal
with the leader sequence of the Ig heavy chain genes. The
phosphoramidate leader boundary oligonucleotides for Ig heavy chain
genes have the following sequences:
15 PNVH3ld 5' CACCTCACACTGGACACCTTT (SEQ ID NO: 95) 3' PNVH4ld 5'
CTGGGACAGGACCCATCTGGG (SEQ ID NO: 96) 3' PNVH1ld 5'
TGGGAGTGGGCACCTGTGG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 97) PNVH2ld 5'
CTGGGACAAGACCCATGAAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 98) PNVH5ld 5'
TCGGAACAGACTCCTTGGAGA (SEQ ID NO: 99) 3' PNVH6ld 5'
CTGTGACAGGACACCCCATGG (SEQ ID NO: 100) 3'
[0092] Examination of the Blocking Efficiency
[0093] The blocking efficiency in first strand cDNA synthesis is
examined by PCR reactions using dNTPs, Advantage-2 DNA polymerase
mix (Clontech), the reaction buffer, the first strand cDNA
synthesis product, the blocking check primers in Example 3, and the
pooled primer mixture of CG1Z, CG2speI, CG3speI, and CG4SpeI. The
sequence of primer CG1Z, which hybridized with the CH1 region of
IgGl, is 5' GCATGTACTAGTTTTGTCACAAGATTT- GGG 3'. (SEQ ID NO: 101)
The sequence of primer CG2speI, which hybridized with the CH1
region of IgG2, is 5'AAGGAAACTAGTTTTGCGCTCAACTGTCTTGTCCACCTT 3'.
(SEQ ID NO: 102) The sequence of primer CG3speI, which hybridized
with the CH1 region of IgG3, is
5'AAGGAAACTAGTGTCACCAAGTGGGGTTTTGAGCTC 3'. (SEQ ID NO: 103) The
sequence of primer CG4speI, which hybridized with the CH1 region of
IgG4, is 5'AAGGAAACTAGTACCATATTTGGACTCAACTCTCTTG 3'. (SEQ ID NO:
104) PCR is performed on a PTC-200 thermal cycler (MJ Research) by
heating to 94.degree. C. for 30 seconds before the following cycle
is run, 94.degree. C. for 15 second, 60.degree. C. for 15 second,
and 72.degree. C. for one minute. The PCR products were analyzed by
gel electrophoresis. With appropriate number of cycles less PCR
products were observed from reverse transcription reactions
containing the blocking oligonucleotide than the one does not
contain blocking oligonucleotide, an indication that termination of
first strand cDNA synthesis was provided by hybridization of the
leader boundary oligonucleotides.
[0094] Second Strand cDNA Synthesis And Nesting Oligonucleotide
Extension Reaction:
[0095] The same protocol as Example 3 is employed with nesting
oligonucleotides having the following sequences are used.
[0096] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH3 Genes:
16 HpH3L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGSAGGTG- CAGCTGGTGGAG
(SEQ ID NO: 105) TCYGAAA 3' where S is an equal mixture of C and G,
and Y is an equal mixture of T and C HpH3L2 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAG CTG TTG GAG TCT (SEQ ID NO:
106) GAAT 3' HpH3L3 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG
CTG GTG GAG ACT (SEQ ID NO: 107) GATA 3' HpH3L4 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG GAG GTG CAG CTG GTG GAG TCT (SEQ ID
NO: 108) CAAA 3'
[0097] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH4 Genes:
17 HpH4L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 109) CAG
STG CAG CTG CAG GAG TCG GAAA 3' where S is an equal mixture of C
and G HpH4L2 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCC- TCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 110)
CAG CTG CAG CTG CAG GAG TCC AAA 3' HpH4L3 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 111) CAG GTG CAG CTA CAG
CAG TGG GAAA 3'
[0098] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH1 Genes:
18 HpH1L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 112) CAG
GTB CAG CTK GTG CAG AAA 3' where B is an equal mixture of C, G and
T and K is an equal mixture of G and T HpH1L2 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 113) SAG GTC CAG CTG GTA
CAG AAA 3' where S is an equal mixture of C and G HpH1L3 5'
CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 114) CAG ATG CAG CTG GTG
CAG AAA 3' HpH1L4 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO:
115) CAA ATG CAG CTG GTG CAG AAA 3'
[0099] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH2 Genes:
19 HpH2L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 116) CAG
ATC ACC TTG AAG GAG TCT AAA 3' HpH2L2 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC-
CTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 117) CAG GTC ACC TTG AAG GAG TCT AAA 3'
[0100] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH5 Genes:
20 HpH5L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 118) GAG
GTG CAG CTG GTG CAG AAA 3' HpH5L2 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCG-
AG (SEQ ID NO: 119) GAA GTG CAG CTG GTG CAG AAA 3'
[0101] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH6 Genes:
21 HpH6L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 120) CAG
GTA CAG CTG CAG CAG TC AAA 3'
[0102] Nesting Oligonucleotides for Ig Heavy Chain VH7 Genes:
22 HpH7L1 5' CTCGAGGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCCTCGAG (SEQ ID NO: 121) CAG
GTG CAG CTG GTG CAA TAAA 3'
[0103] Single Primer Amplification of Human IgG Heavy Chain Fd
Hairpin Containing Fragments
[0104] The sample protocol as Example 3 was employed using CG1Z,
CG2speI, CG3speI, or CG4SpeI as the primer.
[0105] Cloning of Amplified IgG Heavy Chain Fd Fragments into a
Phage Display Vector
[0106] The amplified IgG heavy chain fd hairpin fragments are
analyzed by gel electrophoresis. The .about.0.7 kb fragment is
separated from the primers by cutting out the gel slice and the DNA
was collected by electroelution. The eluted DNA was precipitated by
ethanol and resuspended in water. It is digested with restriction
enzymes XhoI and Spel and purified by the QlAquick PCR Purification
Kit (QIAGEN). The purified XhoI-SpeI fragment is ligated into a
suitable plasmid into which the light chain kappa genes amplified
from the same donor had previously been cloned. The ligated
reaction was transformed into E. coli XL-1 Blue strain {F'
proA.sup.+B.sup.+ lac.sup.q.DELTA. (lacZ) M15 Tn10/recA1 endA1
gyrA96thi-1 hsdR17supE44 relA1 lac} by electroporation.
[0107] Selection of Human IgG Antibodies That Bind with The
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0108] The XL-1 Blue cells electroporated with the ligation
reaction of the phagemid vector and the heavy chain Fd fragments
were grown in SOC medium at 37.degree. C. with shaking for one
hour. SOC medium is 20 mM glucose in SB medium which contains 1%
MOPS hemisodium salt, 3% Bacto Tryptone, and 2% Bacto Yeast
Extract. Cells transformed with the plasmid were selected by adding
carbenicillin to the culture and they were grown for two hours
before infected with a helper phage, VCSM13. After two hours XL-1
Blue cells infected with the helper phage were selected by adding
Kanamycin to the culture and the infected cells were amplified
overnight by growing at 37.degree. C. with shaking. The next
morning the amplified phages were harvested by precipitating with
polyethylene glycol (PEG) from the culture supernatant. The PEG
precipitated phages were collected by centrifugation. They were
resuspended in 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) in TBS buffer and used
in panning for selecting human IgG antibodies that bind with the
hepatitis B surface antigen. The resuspended phages were bound with
the hepatitis B surface antigen immobilized on the ELISA plate
(Costar). The unbound phages were washed off with a washing buffer
(0.5% Tween 20 in PBS) and the bound phages were eluted off the
plate with a phage elution buffer (0.1M HCl/glycine, pH 2.2, 1
mg/ml BSA) and neutralized with a neutralization buffer (2M Tris
Base). The eluted phages were infected with E. coli ER strain {F'
proA.sup.+B.sup.+ lac.sup.q.DELTA. (lacZ) M15/fhuA2 (ton A) .DELTA.
(lac-proAB) supE thi-1 .DELTA. (hsdMS-mcrB) 5}, followed by
infection with VCSM13 helper phage. The panning procedure for
selecting antibodies bound to hepatitis B surface antigen were
repeated three more times.
[0109] ELISA Screening of Antibody Clones That Bind with The
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0110] Phages eluted at the fourth round of panning were infected
with E. coli Top10F' strain {F' lacl.sup.q,Tn10(Tet.sup.RmcrA
.DELTA. (mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) .PHI.8(lacZ .DELTA.m15 .DELTA.lacx74
deoR recA1 araD13 .DELTA.(ara-leu)7697 galU galK [sL(Str.sup.R)
endA1 nupG) and plated on LB-agar plates containing carbenicilin
and tetracycline. Individual clones were picked from the plates and
grown overnight in SB medium containing carbenicilin and
tetracycline. The IgG Fab fragment will be secreted into the
culture supernatant. The next morning cells were removed from these
cultures by centrifugation and the culture supernatant was screened
in ELISA assay for binding to hepatitis B surface antigen
immobilized on the ELISA plates. To reduce false positives the
ELISA plates were pre-blocked with BSA before binding with the Fab
fragments in culture supernatant. The non-binding Fab fragments
were washed off by a washing solution (0.05% Tween 20 in PBS).
Following the wash, plates were incubated with anti-human IgG
(Fab').sub.2 conjugated with alkaline phosphatase (Pierce) which
reacts with p-Nitrophenyl phosphate (Sigma), a chromogenic
substrate that shows absorbance at OD405. Positive binding clones
were identified by a plate reader (Bio RAD Model 1575) with light
absorbance at OD405. Among the ninety-four clones screened there
were twenty-eight positive clones.
[0111] Characterization of the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Binding
Clones
[0112] The IgG heavy chain genes of positive clones from ELISA
screening were characterized by DNA sequencing. Plasmid DNA was
extracted from the positive clones and sequenced using primers
leadVHpAX, NdP, or SeqGZ (Retrogen, San Diego, Calif.). The
sequencing primers have the following sequences:
23 VBVH3A 5' GAGCCGCACGAGCCCCTCGAGGARGTGCAGCTGGTGGAG 3' (SEQ ID NO:
122) VBVH 3B 5' GAGCCGCACGAGCCCCTCGAGGAGGTGCAGCTGGTGGAG 3' (SEQ ID
NO: 123) VBVH 3C 5' GAGCCGCACGAGCCCCTCGAGGAGGT- GCAGCTGTTGGAG 3'
(SEQ ID NO: 124) VBVH 4A 5'
GAGCCGCACGAGCCCCTCGAGCAG(CG)TGCAGCTGCAGGAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 125) VBVH
4B 5' GAGCCGCACGAGCCCCTCGAGCAGGTGCAGCTACAGCAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 126)
LeadVHPAX 5' GCGGCGCAGCCGGCGATGGCG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 127) NdP 5'
AGCGTAGTCCGGAACGTCGTACGG (SEQ ID NO: 128) SeqGZ 5'
GAAGTAGTCCTTGACCAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 129)
[0113] The sequences of the variable region of these IgG heavy
chain genes from nineteen positive clones are shown in FIG. 5. The
great diversity of these IgG heavy chain genes shows this method
can efficiently amplify the repertoire of human IgG heavy chain
genes from immunized donors.
EXAMPLE 5
[0114] Amplification of a Repertoire of Human Light chain Kappa
Genes
[0115] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0116] The same protocol as example 3 is employed using the
phosphoramidate boundary oligonucleotides designed to hybridize
with the leader sequence of the kappa light chain genes. The
phosphoramidate leader boundary oligonucleotides for kappa light
chain genes have the following sequences:
24 PNK1ld: 5' T GTC ACA TCT GGC ACC TGG (SEQ ID NO: 130) 3' PNK2ld:
5' TC CCC ACT GGA TCC AGG GAC (SEQ ID NO: 131) 3' PNK3ld: 5' C TCC
GGT GGT ATC TGG GAG (SEQ ID NO: 132) 3' PNK4ld: 5' TC CCC GTA GGC
ACC AGA GA (SEQ ID NO: 133) 3' PNK5ld: 5' TC TGC CCT GGT AT C AGA
(SEQ ID NO: 134) GAT 3' PNK6ld: 5' C ACC CCT GGA GGC TGG AAC (SEQ
ID NO: 135) 3'
[0117] Examination of the Blocking Efficiency
[0118] The blocking efficiency in first Strand cDNA Synthesis was
examined by PCR reactions using blocking check primers and primer
CK1DX2, dNTPs, Advantage-2 DNA polymerase mix (Clontech), the
reaction buffer, and the first strand cDNA synthesis product. PCR
was performed on a PTC-200 thermal cycler (MJ Research) by heating
to 94.degree. C. for 30 seconds and followed by cycles of
94.degree. C. for 15 second, 60.degree. C. for 15 second, and
72.degree. C. for one minute. The blocking check primers were
designed to anneal with the leader sequences of kappa light chain
genes. The sequence of CK1DX2, which hybridizes with the constant
region of Kappa light chain, was 5 '
AGACAGTGAGCGCCGTCTAGAATTAACACTCTCCCCTGTTGAA- GCTCTTTGTGAC
GGGCGAACTCAG 3'. (SEQ ID NO: 136) Blocking was analyzed by gel
electrophoresis of the PCR products. With appropriate number of
cycles less PCR products was observed from reverse transcription
reactions containing the blocking oligonucleotide than one that
does not contain blocking oligonucleotide, an indication that
termination of first strand cDNA synthesis was provided by
hybridization of the leader boundary oligonucleotides.
[0119] Blocking Check Primers for Kappa Light Chain Genes have the
following sequences:
25 K1blck: 5' CTCCGAGGTGCCAGATGT (SEQ ID NO: 137) 3' K1 /2blck2: 5'
GCT CAG CTC CTG (SEQ ID NO: 138) GGG CT 3' K2blck: 5'
GTCCCTGGATCCAGTGAG (SEQ ID NO: 139) 3' K3blck: 5'
CTCCCAGATACCACCGGA (SEQ ID NO: 140) 3' K3blck2: 5' GCG CAG CTT CTC
(SEQ ID NO: 141) TTC CT 3' K3blck3: 5' CAC AGC TTC TTC (SEQ ID NO:
142) TTC CTC 3' K4blck: 5' ATCTCTGGTGCCTACGGG (SEQ ID NO: 143) 3'
K5blck: 5' ATCTCTGATACCAGGGCA (SEQ ID NO: 144) 3' K6blck: 5'
GTTCCAGCCTCCAGGGGT (SEQ ID NO: 145) 3'
[0120] Second Strand cDNA Synthesis And Nesting Oligonucleotide
Extension Reaction:
[0121] The same protocol as Example 3 is employed using nesting
oligonucleotides having the following sequences:
[0122] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk1:
26 HpK1L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 146) GMC ATC
GAG ATG ACC CAG TCT CCTAA 3' wherein M is an equal mixture of A and
C HpK1L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC- GAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 147) AAC
ATC CAG ATG ACC CAG TCT CC TAA 3' HpK1L3
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 148) GMC ATC CAG TTG
ACC CAG TCT CC TAA 3' wherein M is an equal mixture of A and C
HpK1L4 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 149) GCC ATC
CGG ATG ACC CAG TCT CCTAT 3' HpK1L5
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 150) GTC ATC TGG ATG
ACC CAG TCT CCTAT 3'
[0123] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk2:
27 HpK2L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 151) GAT ATT
GTG ATG ACC CAG ACT CTTA 3' HpK2L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC-
GAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 152) GAT GTT GTG ATG ACT CAG TCT CC TAA 3'
HpK2L3 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 153) GAT ATT
GTG ATG ACT CAG TCT CCTAA 3'
[0124] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk3:
28 HpK3L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 154) GAA ATT
GTG TTG ACG CAG TCT CCTAA3' HpK3L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC-
GAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 155) GAA ATA GTG ATG ACG CAG TCT CCTAA3' HpK3L3
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 156) GAA ATT GTA ATG
ACA CAG TCT CCTAA3'
[0125] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk4:
29 HpK4L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 157) GAC ATC
GTG ATG ACC CAG TCT CCTAT3'
[0126] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk5:
30 HpK5L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 158) GAA ACG
ACA CTC ACG CAG TCT CCTAA3'
[0127] Nesting oligonucleotides for Light Chain Kappa Vk6:
31 HpK6L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 159) GAA ATT
GTG CTG ACT CAG TCT CCTAT3'
[0128] Single Primer Amplification of Kappa Hairpin Fragments
[0129] The same protocol as Example 3 is employed using CK1DX2 as
the primer.
EXAMPLE 6
[0130] Amplification of a Repertoire of Human Light Chain Lambda
Genes
[0131] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0132] The same protocol as example 3 is employed using the
following phosphoramidate boundary oligonucleotides designed to
hybridize with the leader sequence of the lambda light chain genes.
The phosphoramidate boundary oligonucleotides for lambda light
chain genes have the sequences:
32 PNL1ld: 5' CTG GGC CCA GGA CCC TGT GC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 160)
PNL2ld: 5' CTG GGC CCA GGA CCC TGT 3'. (SEQ ID NO: 161) PNL3ld: 5'
GA GGC CAC AGA GCC TGT GCA GAG AGT GAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 162) PNL4ld1:
5' CAG AGC ACA GAG ACC TGT GGA 3' (SEQ ID NO: 163) PNL4ld2: 5' CTG
GGA GAG AGA CCC TGT CCA 3' (SEQ ID NO: 164) PNL5ld1: 5' CTG GGA GAG
GGA ACC TGT GCA 3' (SEQ ID NO: 165) PNL6ld1: 5' ATT GGC CCA AGA ACC
TGT GCA 3' (SEQ ID NO: 166) PNL7ld1: 5' CTG AGA ATT GGA CCC TGG GCA
3' (SEQ ID NO: 167) PNL8ld1: 5' CTG AGA ATC CAC TCC TGA TCC 3' (SEQ
ID NO: 168) PNL9ld1: 5' CTG GGA GAG GGA CCC TGT GAG 3' (SEQ ID NO:
169) PNL10ld1: 5' CTG GAC CAC TGA CAC TGC AGA 3' (SEQ ID NO:
170)
[0133] Examination of the Blocking Efficiency
[0134] The same protocol as example 3 is employed using the
following blocking check primers and primer CL2DX2, dNTPs,
Advantage-2 DNA polymerase mix (Clontech), the reaction buffer, and
the first strand cDNA synthesis product. The blocking check primers
have the following sequences:
33 L1blck: 5' CAC TGY GCA GGG TCC TGG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 171) L2blck:
5' CAG GGC ACA GGG TCC TGG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 172) L3blck1: 5' TAC TGC
ACA GGA TCC GTG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 173) L3blck2: 5' CAC TTT ACA GGT TCT
GTG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 174) L3blck3: 5' TTC TGC ACA GTC TCT GAG 3' (SEQ
ID NO: 175) L3blck4: 5' CTC TGC ACA GGC TCT GAG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 176)
L3blck5: 5' CTT TGC TCA GGT TCT GTG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 177) L3blck6: 5'
CAC TGC ACA GGC TCT GTG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 178) L3blck7: 5' CTC TAC ACA
GGC TCT ATT 3' (SEQ ID NO: 179) L3blck7: 5' CTC TGC ACA GTC TCT GTG
3' (SEQ ID NO: 180) L4blck1: 5' TTC TCC ACA GGT CTC TGT 3' (SEQ ID
NO: 181) L4blck2: 5' CAC TGG ACA GGG TCT CTC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 182)
L5blck1: 5' CAC TGC ACA GGT TCC CTC 3' (SEQ ID NO: 183) L6blck: 5'
CAC TGC ACA GGT TCT TGG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 184) L7blck: 5' TGC TGC CCA
GGG TCC AAT 3' (SEQ ID NO: 185) L8blck: 5' TAT GGA TCA GGA GTG GAT
3' (SEQ ID NO: 186) L9blck: 5' CTC CTC ACA GGG TCC CTC 3' (SEQ ID
NO: 187) L10blck: 5' CAC TCT GCA GTG TCA GTG 3' (SEQ ID NO:
188)
[0135] The sequence of CL2DX2, which hybridizes with the CL region
of Lambda genes, has this sequence: 5'
AGACAGTGACGCCGTCTAGAATTATGAACATTCTGTA- GG 3' (SEQ ID NO: 189).
[0136] Second Strand cDNA Synthesis And Nesting Oligonucleotide
Extension Reaction:
[0137] The same protocol as Example 3 is employed using the nesting
oligonucleotides having the following sequences:
[0138] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL1:
34 HpL1L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 190) CAG TCT
GTG CTG ACT CAG CCA CCAAA 3' HpL1L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGC-
CGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 191) CAG TCT GTG YTG ACG CAG CCG CCAAA 3'
[0139] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL2:
35 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 192) CAG TCT GCC
CTG ACT CAG CCT SAAA3'
[0140] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL3:
36 HpL3L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 193) TCC TAT
GAG CTG ACT CAG CCA CYAAA 3' HpL3L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGC-
CGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 194) TCC TAT GAG CTG ACA CAG CYA CCAAT 3'
HpL3L3 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 195) T CT TCT
GAG CTG ACT CAG GAC CCAAA 3' HpL3L4
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 196) TCC TAT GTG CTG
ACT CAG CCA CCAAA 3' HpL3L5 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ
ID NO: 197) TCC TAT GAG CTG ATG CAG CCA CCAAA 3' HpL3L6
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 198) TCC TAT GAG CTG
ACA CAG CCA TCAAA 3'
[0141] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL4:
37 HpL4L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 199) CTG CCT
GTG CTG ACT CAG CCC CCAAA3' HpL4L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC-
GAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 200) CAG CCT GTG CTG ACT CAA TCA TCAAA3' HpL4L3
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 201) CAG CTT GTG CTG
ACT CAA TCG CCAAA3'
[0142] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL5:
38 HpL5L1 5e. 5b 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 202)
CAG CCT GTG CTG ACT CAG CCA YCAAA3' HpL5L2 5c
5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 203) CAG GCT GTG CTG
ACT CAG CCG GCAAA3'
[0143] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL6:
39 HpL6L1 6a 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 204) AAT
TTT ATG CTG ACT CAG CCC CAAAA3'
[0144] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL7 and
VL8:
40 HpL7/8L1 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 205) CAG
ACT GTG GTG ACY CAG GAG CCAAA3' HpL7L2 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCC-
GAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 206) G CAG GCT GTG GTG ACT CAG GAG CCAAA3'
[0145] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL9:
41 HpL9L 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 207) CAG CCT
GTG CTG ACT CAG CCA CCAAA3'
[0146] Nesting oligonucleotides for Lambda Light Chain VL10:
42 5'GAGCTCGGCCCGCGAAAGCGGGCCGAGCTC (SEQ ID NO: 208) CAG GCA GGG
CTG ACT CAG CCA CCAAA3'
[0147] Single Primer Amplification of Lambda Hairpin Containing
Fragments
[0148] The same protocol as Example 3 is employed using CL2DX2 as
the primer.
Example 7
[0149] Amplification of a Repertoire of Human IgG Heavy Chain Genes
from a Donor Immunized with Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0150] First Strand cDNA Synthesis
[0151] The same protocol as example 3 was employed using mRNA of
PBL from a human donor immunized with hepatitis B surface antigen
as the original template using blocking oligonucleotides that
anneal to FRI of the variable heavy chain.
[0152] Examination of the Blocking Efficiency
[0153] The same protocol as example 4 was employed.
[0154] Second Strand cDNA Synthesis And Nesting Oligonucleotide
Extension Reaction:
[0155] The same protocol as Example 3 was employed.
[0156] Single Primer Amplification of Human IgG Heavy Chain Fd
Hairpin Containing Fragments
[0157] The sample protocol as Example 4 was employed.
[0158] Cloning of Amplified IgG Heavy Chain Fd Fragments into a
Phage Display Vector
[0159] The sample protocol as Example 4 was employed.
[0160] Selection of Human IgG Antibodies That Bind with The
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0161] The sample protocol as Example 4 was employed.
[0162] ELISA Screening of Antibody Clones That Bind with The
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen
[0163] The sample protocol as Example 4 was employed. Among the
ninety-four clones screened eighty clones are positive.
[0164] Characterization of the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Binding
Clones
[0165] The sample protocol as Example 4 was employed. Sequences of
the variable regions of the heavy chain genes from fourteen
positive clones are listed in FIG. 6. The sequence diversity of
these clones and others produced shows this method can efficiently
amplify the repertoire of human heavy chain genes from immunized
donors.
[0166] It will be understood that various modifications may be made
to the embodiments described herein. Therefore, the above
description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as
exemplifications of preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art
will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of
this disclosure.
Sequence CWU 1
1
231 1 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 1 gtcactcacg aactcacgac
tcacggagag ctcracatcc agatgaccca g 51 2 21 DNA artificial sequence
blocking oligonucleotide 2 gaactgtggc tgcaccatct g 21 3 93 DNA
artificial sequence nested/hairpin oligonucleotide 3 ccttagagtc
acgctagcga ttgattgatt gattgattgt ttgtgactct aaggttggcg 60
cgccttcgtt tgatytccac cttggtccnt ngn 93 4 26 DNA artificial
sequence primer 4 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacgg 26 5 22 DNA
artificial sequence primer 5 cacgctagcg attgattgat tg 22 6 45 DNA
artificial sequence primer 6 gaggaggagg aggaggaggg cgcgcctgat
ytccaccttg gtccc 45 7 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 7
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcracatcc agatgaccca g 51 8 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 8 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgmcatcc agttgaccca g 51 9 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 9
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgccatcc rgatgaccca g 51 10 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 10 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgtcatct ggatgaccca g 51 11 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 11
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgatattg tgatgaccca g 51 12 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 12 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgatrttg tgatgactca g 51 13 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 13
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgaaattg tgttgacrca g 51 14 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 14 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgaaatag tgatgacgca g 51 15 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 15
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgaaattg taatgacaca g 51 16 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 16 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgacatcg tgatgaccca g 51 17 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 17
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgaaacga cactcacgca g 51 18 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 18 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcgaaattg tgctgactca g 51 19 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 19
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctcgatgttg tgatgacaca g 51 20 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 20 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctccagtctg tgctgactca g 51 21 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 21
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctccagtctg tgytgacgca g 51 22 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 22 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctccagtctg tcgtgacgca g 51 23 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 23
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctccagtctg ccctgactca g 51 24 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 24 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctctcctatg wgctgactca g 51 25 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 25
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctctcctatg agctgacaca g 51 26 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 26 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctctcttctg agctgactca g 51 27 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 27
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctctcctatg agctgatgca g 51 28 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 28 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctccagcytg tgctgactca a 51 29 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 29
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctccagsctg tgctgactca g 51 30 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 30 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctcaatttta tgctgactca g 51 31 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 31
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctccagrctg tggtgactca g 51 32 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 32 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctccagactg tggtgaccca g 51 33 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 33
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag ctccwgcctg tgctgactca g 51 34 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 34 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggagag
ctccaggcag ggctgactca g 51 35 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 35
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gagcaggtkc agctggtgca g 51 36 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 36 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcaggtcc agcttgtgca g 51 37 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 37
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gagsaggtcc agctggtaca g 51 38 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 38 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcaratgc agctggtgca g 51 39 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 39
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gagcagatca ccttgaagga g 51 40 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 40 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcaggtca ccttgargga g 51 41 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 41
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gaggargtgc agctggtgga g 51 42 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 42 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcaggtgc agctggtgga g 51 43 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 43
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gaggaggtgc agctgttgga g 51 44 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 44 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcagstgc agctgcagga g 51 45 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 45
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gagcaggtgc agctacagca g 51 46 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 46 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gaggargtgc agctggtgca g 51 47 51 DNA artificial sequence primer 47
gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc gagcaggtac agctgcagca g 51 48 51
DNA artificial sequence primer 48 gtcactcacg aactcacgac tcacggactc
gagcaggtsc agctggtgca a 51 49 15 DNA artificial sequence blocking
oligonucleotide 49 gcctccccca gactc 15 50 28 DNA artificial
sequence blocking oligonucleotide 50 gctccagact gcaccagctg cacntcgg
28 51 30 DNA artificial sequence primer 51 gctcacacta gtaggcagct
cagcaatcac 30 52 17 DNA artificial sequence primer 52 ctggacctgg
aggatcc 17 53 17 DNA artificial sequence primer 53 ctggacctgg
agggtct 17 54 17 DNA artificial sequence primer 54 ctggatttgg
aggatcc 17 55 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 55 gacacacttt
gctccacg 18 56 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 56 gacacacttt
gctacaca 18 57 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 57 tggggctgag
ctgggttt 18 58 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 58 tgggactgag
ctggattt 18 59 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 59 ttgggctgag
ctggattt 18 60 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 60 tggggctccg
ctgggttt 18 61 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 61 ttgggctgag
ctggcttt 18 62 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 62 ttggactgag
ctgggttt 18 63 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 63 tttggctgag
ctgggttt 18 64 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 64 aaacacctgt
ggttcttc 18 65 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 65 aagcacctgt
ggtttttc 18 66 17 DNA artificial sequence primer 66 gggtcaaccg
ccatcct 17 67 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 67 tctgtctcct
tcctcatc 18 68 76 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide
68 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtgcagc tggtgcagtc
tggggctgag 60 gtgaagaagc ctgaag 76 69 75 DNA artificial sequence
nesting oligonucleotide 69 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag
cagatgcagc tggtgcagtc tggggctgag 60 gtgaagaaga ctaat 75 70 75 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 70 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagatgcagc tggtgcagtc tgggcctgag 60
gtgaagaagc ctatt 75 71 76 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 71 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtgcagtc tggggctgag 60 gtgaagaagc ctgaag 76 72 78 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 72 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccctcgag cagatcacct tgaaggagtc tggtcctacg 60 ctggtgaaac ccacataa
78 73 77 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 73
ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtcacct tgaaggagtc tggtcctgyg
60 ctggtgaaac ccactaa 77 74 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 74 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60 ttggtncagc ctgggaaa 78 75 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 75 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60
ntggtnaagc ctgggaaa 78 76 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 76 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggaggt 60 gtggtacggc ctgggaaa 78 77 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 77 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagac tggaggaggc 60
ttgatccagc ctgggaag 78 78 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 78 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggagtc 60 gtggtacagc ctgggaaa 78 79 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 79 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tcggggagtc 60
ttggtacagc ctgggaaa 78 80 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 80 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60 ttggtacagc ctggcaaa 78 81 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 81 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60
ttggtccagc ctggaaaa 78 82 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 82 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60 ttagttcagc ctgggaaa 78 83 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 83 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60
ttggtacagc cagggaaa 78 84 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 84 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtgcagc
tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60 gtggtccagc ctgggttt 78 85 78 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 85 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtgcagc tggtggagtc tgggggaggc 60
ttggtcaagc ctggaaag 78 86 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 86 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc
tgttggagtc tgggggaggc 60 ttggtacagc ctgggaaa 78 87 76 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 87 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagstgcagc tgcaggagtc gggcccagga 60
ctggtgaagc cttaaa 76 88 76 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 88 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagctgcagc
tgcaggagtc gggctcagga 60 ctggtgaagc cttaaa 76 89 75 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 89 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccctcgag aggtgcagct gcagcagtgg ggcgcaggac 60 tgttgaagcc ttaat 75
90 80 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 90 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtgcagtc tggagcagag 60
gtgaaaaagc ccggggaaaa 80 91 75 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 91 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtacagc
tgcagcagtc aggtccagga 60 ctggtgaagc ccaaa 75 92 75 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 92 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccctcgag caggtgcagc tggtgcaatc tgggtctgag 60 ttgaagaagc ctata 75
93 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 93 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcgac tggtggagtc tgggggagac 60
ttggtagaac cggggaag 78 94 78 DNA artificial sequence nesting
oligonucleotide 94 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gagatgcaac
tggtggagtc tgggggagcc 60 ttcgtccagc cggggaag 78 95 21 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 95 cacctcacac
tggacacctt t 21 96 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 96 ctgggacagg acccatctgg g 21 97 19 DNA artificial
sequence boundary oligonucleotide 97 tgggagtggg cacctgtgg 19 98 20
DNA artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 98 ctgggacaag
acccatgaag 20 99 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 99 tcggaacaga ctccttggag a 21 100 21 DNA artificial
sequence boundary oligonucleotide 100 ctgtgacagg acaccccatg g 21
101 30 DNA artificial sequence primer 101 gcatgtacta gttttgtcac
aagatttggg 30 102 39 DNA artificial sequence primer 102 aaggaaacta
gttttgcgct caactgtctt gtccacctt 39 103 36 DNA artificial sequence
primer 103 aaggaaacta gtgtcaccaa gtggggtttt gagctc 36 104 37 DNA
artificial sequence primer 104 aaggaaacta gtaccatatt tggactcaac
tctcttg 37 105 55 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide
105 ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag saggtgcagc tggtggagtc ygaaa 55
106 55 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 106
ctcgagggcc cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tgttggagtc tgaat 55 107
55 DNA artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 107 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagac tgata 55 108 55 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 108 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtggagtc tcaaa 55 109 55 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 109 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagstgcagc tgcaggagtc ggaaa 55 110 54 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 110 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagctgcagc tgcaggagtc caaa 54 111 55 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 111 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtgcagc tacagcagtg ggaaa 55 112 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 112 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtbcagc tkgtgcagaa a 51 113 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 113 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag saggtccagc tggtacagaa a 51 114 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 114 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagatgcagc tggtgcagaa a 51 115 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 115 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caaatgcagc tggtgcagaa a 51 116 54 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 116 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag cagatcacct tgaaggagtc taaa 54 117 54 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 117 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtcacct tgaaggagtc taaa 54 118 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 118 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaggtgcagc tggtgcagaa a 51 119 51 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 119 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag gaagtgcagc tggtgcagaa a 51 120 53 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 120 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtacagc tgcagcagtc aaa 53 121 52 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 121 ctcgagggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccctcgag caggtgcagc tggtgcaata aa 52 122 39 DNA
artificial sequence primer 122 gagccgcacg agcccctcga ggargtgcag
ctggtggag 39 123 39 DNA artificial sequence primer 123 gagccgcacg
agcccctcga ggaggtgcag ctggtggag 39 124 39 DNA artificial sequence
primer 124 gagccgcacg agcccctcga ggaggtgcag ctgttggag 39 125 39 DNA
artificial sequence primer 125 gagccgcacg agcccctcga gcagntgcag
ctgcaggag 39 126 39 DNA artificial sequence primer 126 gagccgcacg
agcccctcga gcaggtgcag ctacagcag 39 127 21 DNA artificial sequence
primer 127 gcggcgcagc cggcgatggc g 21 128 24 DNA artificial
sequence primer 128 agcgtagtcc
ggaacgtcgt acgg 24 129 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 129
gaagtagtcc ttgaccag 18 130 19 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 130 tgtcacatct ggcacctgg 19 131 20 DNA artificial
sequence boundary oligonucleotide 131 tccccactgg atccagggac 20 132
19 DNA artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 132 ctccggtggt
atctgggag 19 133 19 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 133 tccccgtagg caccagaga 19 134 20 DNA artificial
sequence boundary oligonucleotide 134 tctgccctgg tatcagagat 20 135
19 DNA artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 135 cacccctgga
ggctggaac 19 136 67 DNA artificial sequence primer 136 agacagtgag
cgccgtctag aattaacact ctcccctgtt gaagctcttt gtgacgggcg 60 aactcag
67 137 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 137 ctccgaggtg ccagatgt 18
138 17 DNA artificial sequence primer 138 gctcagctcc tggggct 17 139
18 DNA artificial sequence primer 139 gtccctggat ccagtgag 18 140 18
DNA artificial sequence primer 140 ctcccagata ccaccgga 18 141 17
DNA artificial sequence primer 141 gcgcagcttc tcttcct 17 142 18 DNA
artificial sequence primer 142 cacagcttct tcttcctc 18 143 18 DNA
artificial sequence primer 143 atctctggtg cctacggg 18 144 18 DNA
artificial sequence primer 144 atctctgata ccagggca 18 145 18 DNA
artificial sequence primer 145 gttccagcct ccaggggt 18 146 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 146 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gmcatccaga tgacccagtc tcctaa 56 147 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 147 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc aacatccaga tgacccagtc tcctaa 56 148 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 148 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gmcatccagt tgacccagtc tcctaa 56 149 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 149 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gccatccgga tgacccagtc tcctat 56 150 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 150 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gtcatctgga tgacccagtc tcctat 56 151 55 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 151 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gatattgtga tgacccagac tctta 55 152 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 152 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gatgttgtga tgactcagtc tcctaa 56 153 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 153 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gatattgtga tgactcagtc tcctaa 56 154 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 154 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gaaattgtgt tgacgcagtc tcctaa 56 155 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 155 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gaaatagtga tgacgcagtc tcctaa 56 156 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 156 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gaaattgtaa tgacacagtc tcctaa 56 157 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 157 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gacatcgtga tgacccagtc tcctat 56 158 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 158 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gaaacgacac tcacgcagtc tcctaa 56 159 56 DNA
artificial sequence nesting oligonucleotide 159 gagctcggcc
cgcgaaagcg ggccgagctc gaaattgtgc tgactcagtc tcctat 56 160 20 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 160 ctgggcccag
gaccctgtgc 20 161 18 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 161 ctgggcccag gaccctgt 18 162 29 DNA artificial
sequence boundary oligonucleotide 162 gaggccacag agcctgtgca
gagagtgag 29 163 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 163 cagagcacag agacctgtgg a 21 164 21 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 164 ctgggagaga
gaccctgtcc a 21 165 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 165 ctgggagagg gaacctgtgc a 21 166 21 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 166 attggcccaa
gaacctgtgc a 21 167 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 167 ctgagaattg gaccctgggc a 21 168 21 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 168 ctgagaatcc
actcctgatc c 21 169 21 DNA artificial sequence boundary
oligonucleotide 169 ctgggagagg gaccctgtga g 21 170 21 DNA
artificial sequence boundary oligonucleotide 170 ctggaccact
gacactgcag a 21 171 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 171
cactgygcag ggtcctgg 18 172 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 172
cagggcacag ggtcctgg 18 173 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 173
tactgcacag gatccgtg 18 174 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 174
cactttacag gttctgtg 18 175 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 175
ttctgcacag tctctgag 18 176 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 176
ctctgcacag gctctgag 18 177 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 177
ctttgctcag gttctgtg 18 178 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 178
cactgcacag gctctgtg 18 179 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 179
ctctacacag gctctatt 18 180 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 180
ctctgcacag tctctgtg 18 181 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 181
ttctccacag gtctctgt 18 182 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 182
cactggacag ggtctctc 18 183 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 183
cactgcacag gttccctc 18 184 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 184
cactgcacag gttcttgg 18 185 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 185
tgctgcccag ggtccaat 18 186 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 186
tatggatcag gagtggat 18 187 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 187
ctcctcacag ggtccctc 18 188 18 DNA artificial sequence primer 188
cactctgcag tgtcagtg 18 189 39 DNA artificial sequence primer 189
agacagtgac gccgtctaga attatgaaca ttctgtagg 39 190 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 190 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagtctgtgc tgactcagcc accaaa 56 191 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 191 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagtctgtgy tgacgcagcc gccaaa 56 192 55 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 192 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagtctgccc tgactcagcc tsaaa 55 193 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 193 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcctatgagc tgactcagcc acyaaa 56 194 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 194 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcctatgagc tgacacagcy accaat 56 195 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 195 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcttctgagc tgactcagga cccaaa 56 196 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 196 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcctatgtgc tgactcagcc accaaa 56 197 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 197 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcctatgagc tgatgcagcc accaaa 56 198 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 198 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc tcctatgagc tgacacagcc atcaaa 56 199 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 199 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc ctgcctgtgc tgactcagcc cccaaa 56 200 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 200 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagcctgtgc tgactcaatc atcaaa 56 201 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 201 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagcttgtgc tgactcaatc gccaaa 56 202 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 202 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagcctgtgc tgactcagcc aycaaa 56 203 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 203 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc caggctgtgc tgactcagcc ggcaaa 56 204 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 204 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc aattttatgc tgactcagcc ccaaaa 56 205 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 205 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagactgtgg tgacycagga gccaaa 56 206 57 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 206 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc gcaggctgtg gtgactcagg agccaaa 57 207 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 207 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc cagcctgtgc tgactcagcc accaaa 56 208 56 DNA artificial
sequence nesting oligonucleotide 208 gagctcggcc cgcgaaagcg
ggccgagctc caggcagggc tgactcagcc accaaa 56 209 115 PRT artificial
sequence cloned antibody 209 Glu Ser Asp Gly Ala Val Val Gln Pro
Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser 1 5 10 15 Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Ile
Phe Asp Asp Phe Ala Met His Trp Leu 20 25 30 Arg Gln Val Pro Gly
Lys Gly Leu Gln Trp Val Gly Leu Met Ser Trp 35 40 45 Asp Gly Val
Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Glu Gly Arg Phe Thr 50 55 60 Ile
Ser Arg Asp Asn Lys Lys Asn Ala Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser 65 70
75 80 Leu Gly Val Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Lys Asp Met
Gly 85 90 95 Gly Gly Leu Arg Phe Pro His Phe Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Pro Val Thr 100 105 110 Val Ser Ala 115 210 110 PRT artificial
sequence cloned antibody 210 Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser
Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr 1 5 10 15 Leu Ser Ser Ser Ala Met Ser
Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly 20 25 30 Leu Glu Phe Val Ala
Val Ser Ser Gly Asn Gly Phe Ser Thr Tyr Tyr 35 40 45 Gly Asp Ser
Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys 50 55 60 Asn
Met Val Tyr Leu Gln Met Asp Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala 65 70
75 80 Lys Tyr His Cys Ala Lys Val Arg Tyr Gly Pro Arg Ser His Phe
Phe 85 90 95 Phe Asp Pro Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser
Ser 100 105 110 211 110 PRT artificial sequence cloned antibody 211
Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr 1 5
10 15 Leu Ser Ser Ser Ala Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys
Gly 20 25 30 Leu Glu Phe Val Ala Val Ser Ser Gly Asn Gly Phe Ser
Thr Tyr Tyr 35 40 45 Gly Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser
Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys 50 55 60 Asn Met Val Tyr Leu Gln Met Asp Ser
Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala 65 70 75 80 Lys Tyr His Cys Ala Lys Val
Arg Tyr Gly Pro Arg Ser His Phe Phe 85 90 95 Phe Asp Pro Trp Gly
Pro Gly Asn Pro Gly His Arg Leu Leu 100 105 110 212 112 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 212 Ala Trp Tyr Ser Arg Gly Ser
Pro Cys Leu Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly 1 5 10 15 Phe Thr Leu Ser Ser
Ser Ala Met Ser Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly 20 25 30 Lys Gly Leu
Glu Phe Val Ala Val Ser Ser Gly Asn Gly Phe Ser Thr 35 40 45 Tyr
Tyr Gly Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn 50 55
60 Ser Lys Asn Met Val Tyr Leu Gln Met Asp Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp
65 70 75 80 Thr Ala Lys Tyr His Cys Ala Lys Val Arg Tyr Gly Pro Arg
Ser His 85 90 95 Phe Phe Phe Asp Pro Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val
Thr Val Ser Ser 100 105 110 213 122 PRT artificial sequence cloned
antibody 213 Glu Ser Asp Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser Glu Thr Pro
Ser Leu Thr 1 5 10 15 Cys Thr Val Ser Gly Gly Ser Ile Ser Ser Thr
Met Tyr Phe Trp Gly 20 25 30 Trp Ile Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly
Leu Glu Trp Ile Ala Ser Ile 35 40 45 Tyr Tyr Ser Gly Thr Thr Tyr
Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu Arg Ser Arg Val 50 55 60 Thr Met Ser Val Asp
Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Leu Ser Leu Lys Leu Asn 65 70 75 80 Ser Val Thr
Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Pro Thr 85 90 95 Ile
Tyr Tyr Phe Asp Gly Arg Thr Ser Tyr Tyr Pro Gly Glu Ala Ala 100 105
110 Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val 115 120 214 121 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 214 Pro Gly Leu Val Lys Pro Ser
Glu Thr Leu Ser Leu Thr Cys Thr Val 1 5 10 15 Ser Gly Gly Ser Ile
Ser Asn Ile Met Tyr Phe Trp Gly Trp Ile Arg 20 25 30 Gln Pro Pro
Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile Ala Ser Ile Tyr Tyr Ser 35 40 45 Gly
Thr Thr Tyr Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu Arg Ser Arg Val Thr Met Ser 50 55
60 Val Asp Thr Ser Lys Asn Gln Leu Ser Leu Lys Leu Asn Ser Val Thr
65 70 75 80 Ala Ala Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Pro Thr Ile
Tyr Tyr 85 90 95 Phe Asp Gly Arg Thr Ser Tyr Tyr Pro Gly Glu Ala
Ala Phe Asp Ile 100 105 110 Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr Val 115
120 215 114 PRT artificial sequence cloned antibody 215 Glu Ser Asp
Pro Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Ser Gln Thr Leu Ser Leu Thr 1 5 10 15 Cys
Thr Val Ser Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Ser Asp Asp Tyr Tyr Trp Ser 20 25
30 Trp Ile Arg Gln Ser Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Ile Ala Tyr Ile
35 40 45 Ser Tyr Thr Gly Gly Thr Tyr Tyr Asn Pro Ser Leu Lys Ser
Arg Val 50 55 60 Thr Ile Ser Val Asp Thr Ser Arg Asn Gln Phe Ser
Leu Arg Leu Arg 65 70 75 80 Ser Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Ser Ala Val Tyr
Phe Cys Ala Ser Thr Thr 85 90 95 Ala Val Thr Thr Thr Phe Asp Tyr
Trp Gly Arg Gly Thr Leu Val Thr 100 105 110 Val Ser 216 104 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 216 Pro Val Gln Pro Leu Glu Phe
Thr Phe Thr Asp His Trp Met His Trp 1 5 10 15 Val Arg Gln Ala Pro
Gly Lys Gly Leu Val Trp Leu Ala Arg Ile Asn 20 25 30 Arg Asp Gly
Ser Asp Thr Thr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Thr Gly Arg Phe 35 40 45 Thr
Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Gly Lys Asn Thr Val Ser Leu Gln Met Asp 50 55
60 Ser Leu Ser Val Asp Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Gly Gly
65 70 75 80 His His Thr Val Leu Ser Pro Leu Ser Asn Trp Phe Asp Pro
Trp Gly 85 90 95 Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser 100 217 110 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 217 Glu Ser Glu Gly Gly Leu Val
Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser 1 5 10 15 Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly
Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Tyr Ala Met Thr Trp Val
20 25 30 Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val Ser Thr Met
Thr Gly 35 40 45 Ser Gly Gly Val Thr Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Val Leu Lys
Gly Arg Phe Thr 50 55 60 Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu
Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser 65 70 75 80 Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Val
Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Lys Gly Tyr Gly 85 90 95 Leu Phe Asp Tyr Trp Gly
Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr Val Ser 100 105 110 218 115 PRT artificial
sequence cloned antibody 218 Leu Ala Gly Val Glu Val Val Gln Pro
Gly Gly Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser 1 5 10 15 Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr
Phe Asp Asp Tyr Ala Met His Trp Leu 20 25 30 Arg Gln Ile Pro Gly
Lys Gly Leu Gln Trp Val Ser Leu Leu Ser Trp 35 40 45 Asp Gly Val
Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Glu Gly Arg Phe Thr 50 55 60 Ile
Ser Arg Asp Asn Lys Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser 65 70
75 80 Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Val Ala Leu Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Lys Asp Met
Gly 85 90 95 Gly Ala Gln Arg Leu Pro Asp His Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Leu Val Thr 100 105 110 Val Ser Ser 115 219 114 PRT artificial
sequence cloned antibody 219 Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Pro Gly Ala
Ser Val Lys Val Ser Cys Lys 1 5 10 15 Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Ser
Asp Tyr Phe Met His Cys Val Arg Gln 20 25 30 Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly
Leu Glu Trp Met Gly Leu Val Asn Pro Thr Asn 35 40 45 Gly Tyr Thr
Ala Tyr Ala Pro Lys Phe Gln Gly Arg Val Thr Met Thr 50 55 60 Arg
Gln Arg Phe Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr Met Glu Leu Ser Ser Leu Arg 65 70
75 80 Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys Ala Arg Val Lys Ser Ser
Asp 85 90 95 Ser Ile Asp Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Met
Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser 220 103 PRT artificial sequence
cloned antibody 220 Arg Cys Pro Ala Lys Leu Leu Asp Thr Pro Phe Ser
Val Tyr Phe Met 1 5 10 15 His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly
Leu Glu Trp Met Gly Leu 20 25 30 Val Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Tyr Thr
Ala Tyr Ala Pro Lys Phe Gln Gly 35 40 45 Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg
Gln Arg Phe Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr Met Glu 50 55 60 Leu Ser Ser Leu
Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys Ala Arg 65 70 75 80 Val Lys
Ser Ser Asp Ser Ile Asp Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly 85 90 95
Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 100 221 103 PRT artificial sequence
cloned antibody 221 Arg Cys Pro Ala Lys Leu Leu Asp Thr Pro Ser Gly
Asp Tyr Phe Met 1 5 10 15 His Trp Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Gln Gly
Leu Glu Trp Met Gly Leu 20 25 30 Val Asn Pro Thr Asn Gly Tyr Thr
Ala Tyr Ala Pro Lys Phe Gln Gly 35 40 45 Arg Val Thr Met Thr Arg
Gln Arg Phe Thr Ser Thr Val Tyr Met Glu 50 55 60 Leu Ser Ser Leu
Arg Ser Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Phe Cys Ala Arg 65 70 75 80 Val Lys
Ser Ser Asp Ser Ile Asp Ala Phe Asp Ile Trp Gly Gln Gly 85 90 95
Thr Met Val Thr Val Ser Ser 100 222 115 PRT artificial sequence
cloned antibody 222 Ser Gly Gly Leu Val Gln Arg Gly Ala Lys Val Leu
Arg Leu Ser Cys 1 5 10 15 Val Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Ser Ser
Ala Met Ser Trp Val Arg 20 25 30 Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu
Trp Val Ser Val Ile Ser Gly Asn 35 40 45 Gly Phe Ser Thr Tyr Tyr
Ala Asp Ser Val Lys Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser 50 55 60 Arg Asp Asn Ser
Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg 65 70 75 80 Ala Glu
Asp Thr Ala Glu Tyr Tyr Cys Thr Lys Val Lys Tyr Gly Ser 85 90 95
Gly Ser His Phe Trp Phe Asp Pro Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr 100
105 110 Val Ser Ser 115 223 83 PRT artificial sequence cloned
antibody 223 Leu Gly Ser Pro Tyr Ser Ser Ser Ala Met Ser Trp Val
Arg Gln Ala 1 5 10 15 Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Xaa Val Ser Phe Ile
Ser Xaa Asn Gly Leu 20 25 30 Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys
Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg 35 40 45 Asp Asn Ser Xaa Asn Thr Val
Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ser 50 55 60 Glu Asp Thr Ala Glu
Tyr Tyr Cys Val Lys Val Xaa Tyr Gly Ser Arg 65 70 75 80 Ser His Phe
224 115 PRT artificial sequence cloned antibody 224 Val Glu Ser Gly
Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Ala Lys Val Leu Arg Leu 1 5 10 15 Ser Cys
Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Ser Phe Glu Asp Tyr Ala Met His Trp 20 25 30
Val Arg Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val Ala Leu Ile Ser 35
40 45 Trp Asp Val Ile Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg
Phe 50 55 60 Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr Leu
Gln Met Asp 65 70 75 80 Ser Leu Arg Pro Glu Asp Ser Gly Leu Tyr Tyr
Cys Gly Arg Asp Ile 85 90 95 Gly Gln Gln Arg Thr Met Asp Val Trp
Gly Gln Gly Thr Thr Val Thr 100 105 110 Val Ser Ser 115 225 98 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 225 Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Ile Phe
Asp Asp Phe Ala Met His Trp Phe Gln 1 5 10 15 Ala Val Pro Gly Lys
Gly Leu Gln Trp Val Gly Leu Met Ser Trp Asp 20 25 30 Gly Val Ser
Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Glu Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile 35 40 45 Ser
Arg Asp Asn Lys Lys Asn Ala Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu 50 55
60 Gly Val Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Phe Cys Ala Lys Asp Met Gly Gly
65 70 75 80 Gly Leu Arg Phe Pro His Phe Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Pro Val
Thr Val 85 90 95 Ser Ala 226 111 PRT artificial sequence cloned
antibody 226 Phe Trp Leu Gly Gly Pro Trp Arg Leu Ser Cys Ala Val
Ser Gly Tyr 1 5 10 15 Thr Leu Ser Ser Ser Ala Met Ile Trp Val Arg
Gln Pro Pro Gly Lys 20 25 30 Gly Leu Glu Phe Val Ser Val Ile Ser
Gly Asn Gly Leu Ser Ala Tyr 35 40 45 Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys Gly
Arg Phe Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp Asn Ser 50 55 60 Lys Asn Thr Val Tyr
Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu Arg Ala Glu Asp Thr 65 70 75 80 Ala Glu Tyr
Tyr Cys Val Lys Val Lys Tyr Gly Ser Arg Ser His Phe 85 90 95 Phe
Phe Asp Ser Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Ser Val Ser Pro 100 105 110
227 115 PRT artificial sequence cloned antibody 227 Gly Gly Gly Leu
Val Gln Pro Gly Ala Ser Leu Arg Leu Ser Cys Val 1 5 10 15 Ala Ser
Gly Phe Thr Leu Ser Ser Ser Ala Met Ser Cys Val Arg Gln 20 25 30
Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu Glu Trp Val Ser Val Ser Ser Gly Asn Gly 35
40 45 Phe Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile
Ser 50 55 60 Arg Asp Asn Ser Lys Asn Thr Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn
Ser Leu Val 65 70 75 80 Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Glu Tyr Tyr Cys Thr Lys
Val Asn Tyr Gly Ser 85 90 95 Arg Ser His Phe Tyr Phe Gly Ser Trp
Gly His Gly Thr Leu Val Ile 100 105 110 Val Ser Ser 115 228 114 PRT
artificial sequence cloned antibody 228 Trp Gly Arg Arg Gly Pro Ala
Trp Gly Val Pro Val Gly Ser Pro Val 1 5 10 15 Gln Pro Leu Gly Tyr
Thr Phe Asp Asp Tyr Ala Met His Trp Leu Arg 20 25 30 Gln Ile Pro
Gly Lys Gly Leu Gln Trp Val Ser Leu Leu Ser Trp Asp 35 40 45 Gly
Val Ser Ala Tyr Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Glu Gly Arg Phe Thr Ile 50 55
60 Ser Arg Asp Asn Lys Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser Leu
65 70 75 80 Val Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Phe Cys Ala Lys Asp Met
Gly Gly 85 90 95 Ala Gln Arg Leu Pro Asp His Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr
Leu Val Thr Val 100 105 110 Ser Ser 229 115 PRT artificial sequence
cloned antibody 229 Trp Thr Gly Gly Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser
Leu Arg Val Ser 1 5 10 15 Val Ala Ala Ser Gly Tyr Thr Phe Asp Asp
Tyr Ala Met His Trp Leu 20 25 30 Arg Gln Ile Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu
Gln Trp Val Ser Leu Leu Ser Trp 35 40 45 Asp Gly Val Ser Ala Tyr
Tyr Ala Asp Ser Val Glu Gly Arg Phe Thr 50 55 60 Ile Ser Arg Asp
Asn Xaa Lys Asn Ser Leu Tyr Leu Gln Met Asn Ser 65 70 75 80 Leu Ile
Ala Glu Asp Thr Ala Leu Tyr Phe Cys Ala Lys Asp Met Gly 85 90 95
Gly Ala Gln Arg Leu Pro Asp His Trp Gly Gln Gly Thr Leu Val Thr 100
105 110 Val Ser Ser 115 230 120 PRT artificial sequence cloned
antibody 230 Ala Glu Ser Gly Gly Gly Val Val Gln Pro Gly Gly Ser
Leu Arg Leu 1 5 10 15 Ser Cys Ala Ala Ser Gly Phe Thr Phe Ser Arg
Tyr Thr Leu Ser Trp 20 25 30 Val Arg Gln Ala Pro Gly Lys Gly Leu
Glu Trp Val Ser Tyr Ile Ser 35 40 45 Thr Asp Gly Ser Thr Ile Tyr
Tyr Thr Asp Ser Val Lys Gly Arg Phe 50 55 60 Thr Ile Ser Arg Asp
Asn Ala Lys Asn Ser Leu Ser Leu Gln Met Ile 65 70 75 80 Ser Leu Arg
Asp Glu Asp Thr Ala Val Tyr Tyr Cys Ala Arg Val Phe 85 90 95 Phe
Gly Gly Asn Phe Arg Ala His Trp Tyr Phe Asp Leu Trp Gly Arg 100 105
110 Gly Thr Leu Val Ala Val Ser Ser 115 120 231 47 DNA artificial
sequence primer 231 agaatttgac tagttggcaa gaggcacgtt cttttctttg
ttgccgt 47
* * * * *