U.S. patent application number 10/922487 was filed with the patent office on 2005-02-03 for cosmetic compositions comprising silicone gels comprising entrapped, occluded or encapsulated pigments.
Invention is credited to O'Brien, Michael J., Rajaraman, Suresh K..
Application Number | 20050027051 10/922487 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 25329205 |
Filed Date | 2005-02-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050027051 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
O'Brien, Michael J. ; et
al. |
February 3, 2005 |
Cosmetic compositions comprising silicone gels comprising
entrapped, occluded or encapsulated pigments
Abstract
Pigmented cosmetic formulations comprising a silicone gel
comprising an entrapped, occluded or encapsulated pigment.
Inventors: |
O'Brien, Michael J.;
(Clifton Park, NY) ; Rajaraman, Suresh K.;
(Newburgh, NY) |
Correspondence
Address: |
GEAM - SILICONES - 60SI
IP LEGAL
ONE PLASTICS AVENUE
PITTSFIELD
MA
01201-3697
US
|
Family ID: |
25329205 |
Appl. No.: |
10/922487 |
Filed: |
August 20, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10922487 |
Aug 20, 2004 |
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10103926 |
Mar 22, 2002 |
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10103926 |
Mar 22, 2002 |
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09858795 |
May 16, 2001 |
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6538061 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
524/261 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 2800/56 20130101;
A61Q 1/02 20130101; A61Q 1/06 20130101; A61K 8/894 20130101; A61K
2800/54 20130101; A61Q 5/12 20130101; A61K 8/042 20130101; A61K
8/891 20130101; A61K 8/02 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61Q 15/00
20130101; A61Q 1/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
524/261 |
International
Class: |
C08K 005/24 |
Claims
Having described the invention that which is claimed is:
1. A pigmented cosmetic composition comprising: (a) a silicone gel
formed as the reaction product of hydrosilylation said gel
comprising an entrapped, occluded or encapsulated pigment; and (b)
a dispersant medium.
2. The cosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein the silicone gel is
selected from the group of gels consisting of: (i) a gel formed
from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein
said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear
alkenyl polyorganosiloxane and a hydride resin; (ii) a gel formed
from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein
said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear
hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and an alkenyl resin; (iii) a gel
formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent
wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a
linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and a linear alkenyl
polyorganosiloxane; (iv) a gel formed from a silicone and
hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein said silicone is
prepared by the hydrosilylation of a hydrogen polyorganosiloxane
resin and an alkenyl polyorganosiloxane resin; (v) a gel formed
from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein
said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear
hydrogen organopoly-siloxane having two or more hydride
functionalities per molecule and an .alpha., .omega. reactive
organic molecule possessing two or more reactive functionalities
per molecule; and (vi) a gel formed as a reaction product of a
vinyl functional hydrido-siloxane in a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent.
3. The cosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein the dispersant
medium is selected from the group consisting of physiologically
acceptable liquid lipophilic or fatty phases and silicone
fluids.
4. The cosmetic composition of claim 3 wherein the silicone gel is
selected from the group of gels consisting of: (i) a gel formed
from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein
said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear
alkenyl polyorganosiloxane and a hydride resin; (ii) a gel formed
as a reaction product of an epoxy functional hydrido-siloxane said
reaction product being formed in an epoxy-gel formation compatible
solvent; a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and an
alkenyl resin; (iii) a gel formed from a silicone and a
hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein said silicone is
prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen
polyorganosiloxane and a linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane; (iv) a
gel formed from a silicone and hydrosilylation compatible solvent
wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a
hydrogen polyorganosiloxane resin and an alkenyl polyorganosiloxane
resin; (v) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen organopolysiloxane having two
or more hydride functionalities per molecule and an .alpha.,
.omega. reactive organic molecule possessing two or more reactive
functionalities per molecule; and (vi) a gel formed as a reaction
product of a vinyl functional hydrido-siloxane in a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent.
5. The cosmetic composition of claim 1 wherein the cosmetic is
selected from the group consisting of lipsticks, foundations, face
powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascara.
6. The cosmetic composition of claim 2 wherein the cosmetic is
selected from the group consisting of lipsticks, foundations, face
powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascara.
7. The pigmented composition of claim 3 wherein the cosmetic is
selected from the group consisting of lipsticks, foundations, face
powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascara.
8. The cosmetic composition of claim 4 wherein the cosmetic is
selected from the group consisting of lipsticks, foundations, face
powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascara.
9. A cosmetic composition comprising: (a) a silicone gel formed as
the reaction product of hydrosilylation said gel comprising an
entrapped or encapsulated pigment selected from the group of
silicone gels consisting of: (i) a gel formed from a silicone and a
hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein said silicone is
prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear alkenyl
polyorganosiloxane and a hydride resin; (ii) a gel formed from a
silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein said
silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen
polyorganosiloxane and an alkenyl resin; (iii) a gel formed from a
silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible solvent wherein said
silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen
polyorganosiloxane and a linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane; (iv) a
gel formed from a silicone and hydrosilylation compatible solvent
wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of a
hydrogen polyorganosiloxane resin and an alkenyl polyorganosiloxane
resin; (v) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen organopolysiloxane having two
or more hydride functionalities per molecule and an .alpha.,
.omega. reactive organic molecule possessing two or more reactive
functionalities per molecule; and; (vi) a gel formed as a reaction
product of a vinyl functional hydrido-siloxane in a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent; (b) a dispersant medium selected from the group
consisting of hydrocarbon oils, paraffin oil, liquid petroleum
jelly, vison oil, turtle oil, soya bean oil, perhydrosqualene,
sweet almond oil, calophyllum oil, palm oil, grapeseed oil, sesame
oil, maize oil, parleam oil, arara oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower
oil, cottonseed oil, apricot oil, castor oil, avocado oil, jojoba
oil, olive oil, cereal germ oil; esters of lanolic acid, esters of
oleic acid, esters of lauric acid, esters of stearic acid;
isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexyl
laurate, diisopropyl adipate, isononyl isononate, 2-ethylhexyl
palmitate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate,
2-octyldodecyl myristate or lactate, 2-diethylhexyl succinate,
diisostearyl malate, glyceryl triisostearate, diglyceryl
triisostearate, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic
acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isostearic acid;
cetanol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleyl or linolenyl
alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or octyl dodecanol; silicone oils,
polydimethylsiloxane, phenylated polydimethylsiloxane,
polymethylphenylsiloxanes, phenyl trimethicones, phenyl
trimethicones substituted with fluorinated aliphatic and/or
aromatic groups, phenyl trimethicones substituted with functional
groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and/or amine groups; polysiloxanes
modified with fatty acids, fatty alcohols or polyoxyalkylenes;
fluorinated silicones, perfluorinated oils, vegetable oils,
sunflower oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, the esters long-chain
acids or alcohols having the formula RCOOR' in which R represents
the residue of a higher fatty acid containing from 7 to 19 carbon
atoms and R' represents a hydrocarbon chain containing from 3 to 20
carbon atoms, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, isododecane, volatile
isoparaffins, oleyl alcohol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol and
linoleyl alcohol; and (c) a pigment material selected from the
group consisting of FD&C blue no. 1, FD&C green no. 3,
FD&C red no. 4, FD&C red no. 40, FD&C yellow no. 5,
FF&C yellow no. 6, D&C blue no. 4, D&C brown no. 1,
D&C green no. 5, D&C green no. 6, D&C green no. 8,
D&C orange no. 4, D&C orange no. 5, D&C orange no. 10,
D&C orange no. 11, D&C red no. 6, D&C red no. 7,
D&C red no. 17, D&C red no. 21, D&C red no. 22, D&C
red no. 27, D&C red no. 28, D&C red no. 30, D&C red no.
31, D&C red no. 33, D&C red no. 34, D&C red no. 36,
D&C violet no. 2, D&C yellow no. 7, D&C yellow no. 8,
D&C yellow no. 10, D&C yellow no. 11, Ext. D&C violet
no. 2, Ext. D&C yellow no. 7, Iron oxide (red, yellow, black),
Titanium dioxide, Zinc oxide, Ultramarine, Bismuth oxychloride,
Chromium oxide green, Chromium hydroxide green, Ferric
ferrocyanide, Manganese violet, Guanine, Acid green no. 1, Pigment
yellow no. 1, Pigment yellow no. 3, Solvent red no. 3, Solvent red
no. 1, Pigment red no. 112, Pigment red no. 5, Acid orange no. 6,
Acid red no. 14, Pigment red no. 68, Pigment red no. 48, Acid red
no. 27 & Al lake, Acid red no. 18, Acid black no. 1, Pigment
yellow no. 13, Solvent yellow no. 29, Acid red no. 73, Brilliant
black no. 1, Acid blue no. 1, Acid blue no. 3, Basic violet no. 14,
Basic blue no. 26, Acid green no. 50, Acid red no. 52, Acid violet
no. 9, Acid red no. 51, Pigment violet no. 23, Pigment red no. 83,
Acid blue no. 62, Acid blue no. 74, Pigment violet no. 19, Pigment
blue no. 15, Direct blue no. 86, Pigment green no. 7, Bentonite,
Barium sulfate, Calcium sulfate, Carbon black, Iron oxide (orange),
Magnesium carbonate, Lactoflavin, Capsanthin, capsorubin, Beetroot
red, Anthocyanins, Aluminum stearate, Zinc stearate, Magnesium
stearate, Calcium stearate, Bromothymol blue, Bromocresol green,
Acid red, Color Index (CI) 195, CI 18736, CI 18820, CI 18965, CI
20040, CI 21108, CI 24790, CI 27755, CI 40215, CI 40820, CI 40825,
CI 40850, CI 42080, CI 42090, CI 42100, CI 42170, CI 42520, CI
42735, CI 45220, CI 45396, CI 45405, CI 50325, CI 50420, CI 60724,
CI 61585, CI 69800, CI 69825, CI 71105, CI 73000, CI 73385, CI
73915, Cl 74100, CI 75100, CI 75125, CI 75135, CI 75300, CI 77002,
CI 77015, CI 77220, CI 77267, CI 77268:1, Ci 77346, CI 77480, CI
77745, Beta carotene, Annatto, Caramel, Carmine,
Chlorophyllin-copper complex, Henna, Aluminum powder, Bronze or
copper powder, Silver, Mica, and Titanated mica.
10. The cosmetic composition of claim 9 wherein the cosmetic is
selected from the group consisting of lipsticks, foundations, face
powders, eye liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascara;
11. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of
a linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane and a hydride resin.
12. (canceled)
13. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of
a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and an alkenyl resin.
14. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of
a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and a linear alkenyl
polyorganosiloxane.
15. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed from a silicone and hydrosilylation compatible
solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of
a hydrogen polyorganosiloxane resin and an alkenyl
polyorganosiloxane resin.
16. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the hydrosilylation of
a linear hydrogen organopolysiloxane having two or more hydride
functionalities per molecule and an .alpha., .omega. reactive
organic molecule possessing two or more reactive functionalities
per molecule.
17. The cosmetic composition of claim 10 wherein the silicone gel
is a gel formed as a reaction product of a vinyl functional
hydrido-siloxane in a hydrosilylation compatible solvent.
18. A cosmetic composition consisting essentially of: (a) a
silicone gel formed as the reaction product of hydrosilylation said
gel comprising an entrapped or encapsulated pigment; and (b) a
dispersant medium.
19. (canceled)
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The instant application is a Continuation application of
U.S. Ser. No. 10/103,926 filed Mar. 22, 2002 which is a
Continuation-In-Part application of U.S. Ser. No. 09/858,795 filed
May 16, 2001.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to cosmetic compositions
comprising silicone elastomers comprising entrapped or encapsulated
pigments wherein said pigments are entrapped or encapsulated by the
silicone polymer network. Preferably these compositions also
exhibit the desirable property of forming films that are transfer
resistant. In a specifically preferred embodiment, the invention
relates to a transfer-resistant personal care and/or make-up
composition for the skin of both the face and the human body, for
the mucous membranes such as the lips and the inside of the lower
eyelids, or alternatively for the superficial body growths such as
the eyelashes, the eyebrows, the nails and the hair. This
composition may be provided in particular in the form of a product
cast as a stick or in a dish such as lipsticks or lip balms, cast
foundations, concealers, eyeshadows or blushers, in the form of a
paste or a cream which is fluid to a greater or lesser degree such
as fluid foundations or lipsticks, eyeliners, compositions for
protecting against sunlight or for coloring the skin.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Make-up or care products for the skin or the lips of human
beings such as foundations or lipsticks generally contain
lipophilic or fatty phases such as waxes and oils, pigments and/or
fillers and, optionally, additives such as cosmetic or
dermatological active agents. They may also contain so-called
"pasty" products, of soft consistency, which make it possible to
obtain pastes, colored or otherwise, to be applied with a brush.
These compositions, when they are applied to the skin or the lips,
have the disadvantage of transferring, that is to say of becoming
deposited at least in part, leaving marks, onto certain supports
with which they may be brought into contact, and in particular a
glass, a cup, a cigarette, clothing or the skin. This results in
poor persistence of the applied film, requiring regular renewed
application of the foundation or lipstick composition. Moreover,
the appearance of these unacceptable marks especially on blouse
collars can prevent some women from using this type of make-up.
[0004] For several years, cosmeticians have been interested in
lipstick compositions and, more recently, in foundation
compositions which are "transfer-free". Thus, "transfer-free"
lipstick compositions containing a siloxy silicate resin (with a
three-dimensional network), a volatile silicone oil with a cyclic
silicone chain and pulverulent fillers have been described.
Likewise, "transfer-free" lipstick, eyeliner and foundation
compositions containing one or more volatile silicones combined
with one or more hydrocarbon waxes have been developed.
[0005] Although exhibiting enhanced "transfer-free" properties,
these compositions have the disadvantage of leaving on the lips,
after evaporation of the silicone oils, a film which becomes
uncomfortable over time (feeling of dryness and tightness), a
significant drawback to the retail purchaser of cosmetics. To
enhance the comfort of this type of composition, nonvolatile
silicone or nonsilicone oils may be added, but this particular
solution to the problem results in a loss of some of the
"transfer-free" properties.
[0006] More recently, water-in-oil emulsion-type mascara
compositions have been described that exhibit long retention,
resistance to water and which do not leave marks. These
compositions contain, inter alia, a water-insoluble polymer
generally called a latex, combined with a surfactant of the alkyl
or alkoxy dimethicone copolyol type, hydrocarbon oils, pigments and
fillers as well as waxes.
[0007] The compositions based on silicone oils and silicone resins
as well as those based on latex provide matte colored films.
However, many purchasers of cosmetic products are looking for
glossy products especially for lip coloring. Furthermore, the
transfer-free properties of the films deposited are not perfect. In
particular, substantial pressure or rubbing leads to a decrease in
the color of the deposit and to redeposition on the support brought
into contact with these films.
[0008] Compositions containing a styrene-ethylene-propylene block
polymer combined with waxes, light or volatile oils and pigments
exhibit so-called "transfer-free" properties. However, these
compositions have the disadvantage of not being comfortable to any
great extent, having poor cosmetic properties, and being difficult
to formulate. Moreover, the "transfer-free" properties of these
compositions are only average.
[0009] A variety of silicone compositions may be utilized to impart
desirable properties, e.g. transfer resistance, to cosmetic
compositions and/or formulations, e.g. MQ resins, silicone gums, MQ
esters and alkyl silicones. While cosmetics utilizing MQ resins
possess the property of transfer resistance, formulations
containing most MQ resins exhibit an unpleasant pulling sensation
and additionally do not stabilize the formulation. Alkyl silicones
offer transfer resistance, enhanced sensory properties and a
somewhat reduced syneresis. These advantages come at the price of
high levels of the alkyl silicone in the cosmetic composition, e.g.
13-30 wt. %, levels that significantly reduce formulation
flexibility.
[0010] The need, therefore, still exists for a composition that
does not exhibit the above disadvantages, and having in particular
"transfer-free" properties even during substantial or intensive
pressure or rubbing, an appearance which is glossy to a greater or
lesser degree, in line with the wishes of the consumer, which does
not cause the skin or the lips to which it is applied to dry out
over time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention provides for a pigmented cosmetic
composition comprising:
[0012] (a) a silicone gel comprising an entrapped, occluded or
encapsulated pigment; and a dispersant medium. More particularly
the present invention provides for a colored cosmetic composition
wherein the silicone gel comprising entrapped, occluded or
encapsulated pigment is selected from the group of gels consisting
of:
[0013] (i) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane and a
hydride resin;
[0014] (ii) a gel formed as a reaction product of an epoxy
functional hydrido-siloxane said reaction product being formed in
an epoxy-gel formation compatible solvent;
[0015] (iii) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and an
alkenyl resin;
[0016] (iv) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane and a
linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane;
[0017] (v) a gel formed from a silicone and hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a hydrogen polyorganosiloxane resin and an
alkenyl polyorganosiloxane resin;
[0018] (vi) a gel formed from a silicone and a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent wherein said silicone is prepared by the
hydrosilylation of a linear hydrogen organopoly-siloxane having two
or more hydride functionalities per molecule and an .alpha.,
.omega. reactive organic molecule possessing two or more reactive
functionalities per molecule; and
[0019] (vii) a gel formed as a reaction product of a vinyl
functional hydrido-siloxane in a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent.
[0020] This present invention provides for a new method for
preparation of swollen cross-linked silicone network compositions
by incorporating the pigments prior to the cross-linking reaction,
thus entrapping, occluding or encapsulating the pigments within the
silicone network. Currently, when pigments are used along with
swollen cross-linked silicone materials, they are physically mixed
resulting in independent gel and pigment phases. This can,
especially in the case of solid inorganic pigments, cause
reagglomeration resulting in color shift and inhomogeneities.
[0021] The present invention also provides for colored cosmetic
compositions comprising entrapped or encapsulated colored materials
or pigments selected from the group consisting of FD&C blue no.
1, FD&C green no. 3, FD&C red no. 4, FD&C red no. 40,
FD&C yellow no. 5, FD&C yellow no. 6, D&C blue no. 4,
D&C brown no. 1, D&C green no. 5, D&C green no. 6,
D&C green no. 8, D&C orange no. 4, D&C orange no. 5,
D&C orange no. 10, D&C orange no. 11, D&C red no. 6,
D&C red no. 7, D&C red no. 17, D&C red no. 21, D&C
red no. 22, D&C red no. 27, D&C red no. 28, D&C red no.
30, D&C red no. 31, D&C red no. 33, D&C red no. 34,
D&C red no. 36, D&C violet no. 2, D&C yellow no. 7,
D&C yellow no. 8, D&C yellow no. 10, D&C yellow no. 11,
Ext. D&C violet no. 2, Ext. D&C yellow no. 7, Iron oxide
(red, yellow, black), Titanium dioxide (as rutile, anatase or
brookite or any mixture thereof), Zinc oxide, Ultramarine, Bismuth
oxychloride, Chromium oxide green, Chromium hydroxide green, Ferric
ferrocyanide, Manganese violet, Guanine, Acid green no. 1, Pigment
yellow no. 1, Pigment yellow no. 3, Solvent red no. 3, Solvent red
no. 1, Pigment red no. 112, Pigment red no. 5, Acid orange no. 6,
Acid red no. 14, Pigment red no. 68, Pigment red no. 48, Acid red
no. 27 & Al lake, Acid red no. 18, Acid black no. 1, Pigment
yellow no. 13, Solvent yellow no. 29, Acid red no. 73, Brilliant
black no. 1, Acid blue no. 1, Acid blue no. 3, Basic violet no. 14,
Basic blue no. 26, Acid green no. 50, Acid red no. 52, Acid violet
no. 9, Acid red no. 51, Pigment violet no. 23, Pigment red no. 83,
Acid blue no. 62, Acid blue no. 74, Pigment violet no. 19, Pigment
blue no. 15, Direct blue no. 86, Pigment green no. 7, Bentonite,
Barium sulfate, Calcium sulfate, Carbon black, Iron oxide (orange),
Magnesium carbonate, Lactoflavin, Capsanthin, capsorubin, Beetroot
red, Anthocyanins, Aluminum stearate, Zinc stearate, Magnesium
stearate, Calcium stearate, Bromothymol blue, Bromocresol green,
Acid red, Color Index (CI) 195, CI 18736, CI 18820, CI 18965, CI
20040, CI 21108, CI 24790, CI 27755, CI 40215, CI 40820, CI 40825,
CI 40850, CI 42080, CI 42090, CI 42100, CI 42170, CI 42520, CI
42735, CI 45220, CI 45396, CI 45405, CI 50325, CI 50420, CI 60724,
CI 61585, CI 69800, CI 69825, CI 71105, CI 73000, CI 73385, CI
73915, CI 74100, CI 75100, CI 75125, CI 75135, CI 75300, CI 77002,
CI 77015, CI 77220, CI 77267, CI 77268:1, CI 77346, CI 77480, CI
77745, Beta carotene, Annatto, Caramel, Carmine,
Chlorophyllin-copper complex, Henna, Aluminum powder, Bronze or
copper powder, Silver, Mica, and Titanated mica.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0022] Applicants have discovered that improved cosmetic
compositions are obtained from pigmented and/or colored cosmetic
compositions that may also be rendered transfer resistant by the
incorporation of a silicone gel comprising an entrapped, occluded
or encapsulated pigment or colored material into the formulation of
the colored cosmetic composition. As used herein, the terms
entrapped, occluded or encapsulated are used more or less
interchangeably and have a functional definition that when a gel
containing encapsulated, occluded or entrapped pigment is contacted
with a suitable solvent (e.g. paraffinic, aromatic, alcoholic, or
mixtures thereof as well as other solvents such as water or
acetone) and vigorously shaken or stirred allowing the mixture to
come to rest should result in only two apparent phases, the gel
phase and a supernatant solvent phase. In the event that three
apparent phases result from such a qualitative experiment, a
pigment phase, a gel phase and a supernatant solvent, the pigment
is deemed to be encapsulated or entrapped if less than 10% by
weight of the original pigment is recovered from such a process
based on the amount of pigment originally introduced into the
gel.
[0023] As used herein transfer resistance is resistance to the
transfer of colored material in a color cosmetic from a first
substrate to which the colored cosmetic is applied to a second
substrate under the application of a transferring force such as
pressure.
[0024] As used herein the phrase "silicone gel" refers to any
silicone containing material that increases its volume upon contact
with a low molecular weight solvent that may or may not be volatile
wherein the solvent diffuses into the silicone containing
material.
[0025] As used herein the terms polyorganosiloxane and
organopolysiloxane are interchangeable one with the other.
[0026] As used herein the term "colored material" refers to
physiologically acceptable dyes, pigments or other coloring
material known to the cosmetic arts. The term "physiologically
acceptable" is an accepted term of art and refers to topical
application on humans.
[0027] As used herein the phrase "silicone containing material"
refers to oligomers, polymers, copolymers, terpolymers and higher
order polymers of silicon containing repeat units, copolymers and
higher order interpolymers containing silicon repeat units with
organic polymers. As used herein "organic polymers" means organic
polymers wherein the repeat units do not contain silicon atoms in
the polymeric backbone or chain. Thus for example, some silicones
gels useful in the compositions of the present invention are
polymeric, cross-linked, networks of organopolysiloxanes or block
copolymers of organopolysiloxanes and organic polymers. The
cross-linking of either type of network may be achieved by
cross-linking units based on siloxanes comprising hydrido-, vinyl-,
epoxy-, acrylate-, acetoxy-, or alkoxy-groups and the like and
mixtures thereof and when such materials contain organic polymers
as a component, organic compounds or oligomers capable of joining
polymeric units together, e.g. terminal polyolefins, terminal
polyolefinic ethers, acrylates, epoxides and the like and blends
thereof. Silicone gels useful in the compositions of the present
invention are exemplified in the following U.S. Pat. Nos.
4,987,169; 4,980,167; 5,760,116; 5,811,487 and 5,138,009 hereby and
herewith specifically incorporated by reference.
[0028] As used herein the phrase "low molecular weight volatile
solvent" refers to any solvent compatible with topical application
to human beings without adverse effect thereto that has a vapor
pressure between the temperatures of 0.degree. C. and 100.degree.
C. ranging from about 1 mm Hg to 760 mm Hg.
[0029] The silicone gels utilized in the transfer resistant
formulations enabled by the present invention may be prepared in a
variety of chemically appropriate solvents (hereinafter defined and
listed). Once prepared, the silicone gels may be dispersed in a
variety of chemically appropriate solvents (hereinafter defined and
listed).
[0030] While a variety of silicone gels may be prepared by
condensation cure mechanisms, e.g. room temperature vulcanizable
compositions, the following specific silicone gels are
preferred.
[0031] Silicone Gel I.
[0032] The present invention may utilize a silicone gel composition
comprising:
[0033] (A) a first silicone formed by the hydrosilylation product
of
[0034] (1) a linear alkenyl polyorganosiloxane having the
formula:
M.sup.vi.sub.aD.sub.xD.sup.vi.sub.yM.sub.2-a
[0035] where the subscript x is a number greater than 10, the
subscript y is a number ranging from zero to about 20, the
subscript a is a number ranging from 0 to 2, subject to the
limitation that a+y is within the range of from 1 to about 20, with
M.sup.vi defined as:
R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3SiO.sub.1/2
[0036] where R.sup.1 is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon
radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 and
R.sup.3 are each independently one to forty carbon atom monovalent
hydrocarbon radicals, with D defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0037] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, with D.sup.vi
defined as:
D.sup.vi=R.sup.6R.sup.7SiO.sub.2/2
[0038] where R.sup.6 is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon
radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, and R.sup.7 is
independently a one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon
radical with M defined as
M=R.sup.8R.sup.9R.sup.10SiO.sub.1/2
[0039] with R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 each independently a one
to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radical; and
[0040] (2) a hydride resin having the formula:
(M.sup.H.sub.wQ.sub.z).sub.j
[0041] where Q has the formula SiO.sub.4/2 and with M.sup.H defined
as
H.sub.bR.sup.11.sub.3-bSiO.sub.1/2
[0042] where R.sup.11 is a one to forty carbon atom monovalent
hydrocarbon radical where the subscript b is a number ranging from
1 to 3, with the subscripts w and z having a ratio of 0.5 to 4.0
respectively and the subscript j ranges from about 2.0 to about
100; wherein said hydrosilylation is conducted in the presence
of
[0043] (3) a hydrosilylation compatible solvent preferably a
silicone having a viscosity below about 1,000 centistokes at
25.degree. C. or a hydrosilylation compatible lipohilic phase
(hereinafter also referred to as a hydrosilylation compatible
solvent), thereby forming a gel; and
[0044] (B) a lipophilic phase or a silicone having a viscosity
below about 1,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C. (hereinafter also
referred to as dispersant medium or media) wherein said
hydrosilylation product is slurried in said lipophilic phase or
said silicone and subjected to mixing with said lipophilic phase or
said silicone; producing thereby a uniform mixture comprising said
lipophilic phase or said silicone and said hydrosilylation product
whereby said uniform mixture has a viscosity ranging from 500 to
500,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
[0045] The silicone having a viscosity below about 1,000
centistokes at 25.degree. C. is preferably selected from the group
consisting of cyclic silicones having the formula:
D.sub.f
[0046] where the subscript f is an integer ranging from about three
to about 6 with D defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0047] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and
[0048] linear silicones having the formula:
M'D'.sub.iM'
[0049] where D' is defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0050] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and M' has the
formula:
R.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14SiO.sub.1/2
[0051] where R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are each independently
one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals.
[0052] Silicone Gel II.
[0053] Other gels suitable for the compositions of the present
invention comprise the reaction products of an epoxy functional
hydrido-siloxane molecule having the following formula:
M.sub..alpha.M.sup.H.sub..beta.M.sup.E.sub..chi.D.sub..delta.D.sup.H.sub..-
epsilon.D.sup.E.sub..phi.T.sub..gamma.T.sup.H.sub..eta.T.sup.E.sub..iota.Q-
.sub..kappa.
[0054] where
[0055] M=R.sup.1'R.sup.2'R.sup.3'SiO.sub.1/2;
[0056] M.sup.H=R.sup.4'R.sup.5'SiO.sub.1/2;
[0057] M.sup.E=R.sup.6'R.sup.7'R.sup.ESiO.sub.1/2;
[0058] D=R.sup.8'R.sup.9'SiO.sub.1/2;
[0059] D.sup.H=R.sup.10'HSiO.sub.2/2;
[0060] D.sup.E=R.sup.11'R.sup.ESiO.sub.2/2;
[0061] T=R.sup.12'SiO.sub.3/2;
[0062] T.sup.H=HSiO.sub.3/2;
[0063] T.sup.E=R.sup.ESiO.sub.3/2; and
[0064] Q=SiO.sub.4/2;
[0065] where R.sup.1', R.sup.2', R.sup.3', R.sup.8', R.sup.9' and
R.sup.12' are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having
from one to sixty carbon atoms; R.sup.4', R.sup.5' and R.sup.10'
are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one
to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R.sup.6', R.sup.7', R.sup.11'
are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one
to sixty carbon atoms or R.sup.E; each R.sup.E is independently a
monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane
moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric
subscripts .alpha., .beta., .chi., .epsilon., .phi., .gamma.,
.eta., .iota., and .kappa. are either zero or positive subject to
the following limitations: .alpha.+.beta.+.chi.>1;
.beta.+.epsilon.+.eta.>1; .chi.+.phi.+.iota.>1;
.beta.+.epsilon.+.eta.>.chi.+.phi.+.iota.; and when
.delta.+.epsilon.+.phi.+.gamma.+.eta.+.iota.+.kappa.=0,
.alpha.+.beta.+.chi.=2.
[0066] The reaction product of an epoxy functional hydrido siloxane
molecule is preferably prepared in an epoxy gel formation medium
selected from a lipophilic phase or a silicone fluid selected from
the group consisting of cyclic silicones having the formula:
D.sub.f
[0067] where the subscript f is an integer ranging from about three
to about 6 with D defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0068] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and
[0069] linear silicones having the formula:
M'D'.sub.iM'
[0070] where D' is defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0071] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and M' has the
formula:
R.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14SiO.sub.1/2
[0072] where R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are each independently
one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals.
[0073] Once prepared, the type II silicone gels that may be
utilized in the composition of the present invention may be
slurried and mixed in a dispersant medium selected from a
lipophilic phase or a silicone selected from the group consisting
of cyclic silicones having the formula
D.sub.f
[0074] where the subscript f is an integer ranging from about three
to about 6 with D defined as
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0075] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and
[0076] linear silicones having the formula
M'D'.sub.iM'
[0077] where D' is defined as
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0078] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and M' has the
formula
R.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14SiO.sub.1/2
[0079] where R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are each independently
one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals.
[0080] Silicone Gel III.
[0081] The present invention may utilize a silicone gel composition
comprising:
[0082] (A) a silicone formed by the hydrosilylation product of
[0083] (1) a linear hydrogen polyorganosiloxane having the
formula:
M.sup.H.sub.aD.sub.xD.sup.H.sub.yM.sub.2-a
[0084] where the subscript x is a number greater than 10, the
subscript y is a number ranging from zero to about 20, the
subscript a is a number ranging from 0 to 2, subject to the
limitation that a+y is within the range of from 1 to about 20, with
M.sup.H defined as:
R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3SiO.sub.1/2
[0085] where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each
independently one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon
radicals, with D defined as:
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0086] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, with D.sup.H
defined as:
D.sup.H=R.sup.6R.sup.7SiO.sub.2/2
[0087] where R.sup.6 is hydrogen and R.sup.7 is independently a one
to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radical with M defined
as
M=R.sup.8R.sup.9R.sup.10SiO.sub.1/2
[0088] with R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.10 each independently a one
to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radical; and
[0089] (2) an alkenyl resin having the formula:
(M.sup.vi.sub.wQ.sub.z).sub.j
[0090] where Q has the formula SiO.sub.4/2 and with M.sup.vi
defined as
R.sup.11.sub.bR.sup.12.sub.3-bSiO.sub.1/2
[0091] where R.sup.11 is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon
radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, R.sup.12 is a one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radical where the
subscript b is a number ranging from 1 to 3, with the subscripts w
and z having a ratio of 0.5 to 4.0 respectively and the subscript j
ranges from about 2.0 to about 100; wherein said hydrosilylation is
conducted in the presence of
[0092] (3) a hydrosilylation compatible solvent preferably a
silicone having a viscosity below about 1,000 centistokes at
25.degree. C. or a hydrosilylation compatible lipohilic phase
(hereinafter also referred to as hydrosilylation compatible
solvent), thereby forming a gel; and
[0093] (B) a lipophilic phase or a silicone having a viscosity
below about 1,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C. (hereinafter also
referred to as dispersant medium or media) wherein said
hydrosilylation product is slurried in said lipophilic phase or
said silicone and subjected to mixing with said lipophilic phase or
said silicone; producing thereby a uniform mixture comprising said
lipophilic phase or said silicone and said hydrosilylation product
whereby said uniform mixture has a viscosity ranging from 500 to
500,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
[0094] Silicone Gel IV
[0095] A first silicone being the hydrosilylation reaction product
of a linear alkenyl organopolysiloxane (as previously defined)
having two or more alkenyl functionalities per molecule as above
with a linear hydrogen organopolysiloxane (as previously defined)
having two or more hydrogen functionalities per molecule prepared
as above in the presence of a hydrosilylation compatible solvent or
silicone, D.sub.f and/or M'D'.sub.iM' where D.sub.f and
M'D'.sub.iM' are as previously defined. The gel as prepared may
then be slurried with a lipophilic phase or a silicone having a
viscosity below about 1,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
(hereinafter also referred to as dispersant medium or media)
wherein said hydrosilylation product is slurried in said lipophilic
phase or said silicone and subjected to mixing with said lipophilic
phase or said silicone; producing thereby a uniform mixture
comprising said lipophilic phase or said silicone and said
hydrosilylation product whereby said uniform mixture has a
viscosity ranging from 500 to 500,000 centistokes at 25.degree.
C.
[0096] Silicone Gel V
[0097] A first silicone being the hydrosilylation reaction product
of an alkenyl organopolysiloxane resin having two or more alkenyl
functionalities per molecule having the formula
M.sup.vi.sub.cD.sub.dD.sup.vi.sub.eT.sub.gT.sup.vi.sub.kM.sub.2-cM".sub.g+-
k
[0098] with a hydrogen organopolysiloxane resin having two or more
hydrogen functionalities per molecule having the formula
M.sup.H.sub.nD.sub.pD.sup.H.sub.rT.sub.sT.sup.H.sub.uM.sub.vM".sub.s+u
[0099] where all the terms are as previously defined with
[0100] T=R.sup.16SiO.sub.3/2 where R.sup.16 is a one to forty
carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals;
[0101] T.sup.vi=R.sup.7SiO.sub.3/2 where R.sup.17 is a monovalent
unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to forty carbon
atoms;
T=HSiO.sub.3/2;
[0102] M" is independently M.sup.H, M.sup.vi or M and the
subscripts c, d, e, g, k, n, p, r, s, u, and v are either zero or
positive subject to the limitations that g+k+s+u is .gtoreq.1;
c+e+k.gtoreq.2 and n+r+u.gtoreq.2; prepared in a hydrosilylation
compatible solvent and slurried in a lipophilic phase or a silicone
having a viscosity below about 1,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
(hereinafter also referred to as dispersant medium or media)
wherein said hydrosilylation product is slurried in said lipophilic
phase or said silicone and subjected to mixing with said lipophilic
phase or said silicone; producing thereby a uniform mixture
comprising said lipophilic phase or said silicone and said
hydrosilylation product whereby said uniform mixture has a
viscosity ranging from 500 to 500,000 centistokes at 25.degree.
C.
[0103] Silicone Gel VI
[0104] A first silicone being the reaction product of a linear
hydrido organopolysiloxane having two or more hydride
functionalities per molecule with an .alpha., .omega. reactive
organic molecule possessing two or more reactive functionalities
per molecule in the presence of a lipophilic phase or second
silicone, D.sub.f and/or M'D'.sub.iM' where D.sub.f and
M'D'.sub.iM' are as previously defined. The reactive
functionalities of the .alpha., .omega. reactive organic molecule
possessing two or more functionalities per molecule are selected
from the group of organic functional groups consisting of olefins,
acetylenes, vinylethers, acrylates or acrylate esters (eg
CH2=CHCOOROCOCH.dbd.CH2), and alcohols and the like. Thus the
.alpha., .omega. reactive organic molecule possessing two or more
functionalities per molecule subtends a large group of organic
molecules that includes .alpha.,.omega.-di-olefins- ,
.alpha.,.omega.-olefins possessing a polyolefinic functionality,
.alpha.,.omega.-di-acetylenes, .alpha.,.omega.-di-acetylenes
possessing a polyacetylenic functionality, including side chain
substituted variations where the side chains possess reactive
functionality as herein defined. This gel is prepared in a
hydrosilylation compatible solvent and slurried in a lipophilic
phase or a silicone having a viscosity below about 1,000
centistokes at 25.degree. C. (hereinafter also referred to as
dispersant medium or media) wherein said hydrosilylation product is
slurried in said lipophilic phase or said silicone and subjected to
mixing with said lipophilic phase or said silicone; producing
thereby a uniform mixture comprising said lipophilic phase or said
silicone and said hydrosilylation product whereby said uniform
mixture has a viscosity ranging from 500 to 500,000 centistokes at
25.degree. C.
[0105] Silicone Gel VII
[0106] Other gels suitable for the compositions of the present
invention comprise the reaction products of a vinyl functional
hydrido-siloxane molecule having the following formula:
M.sub.a'M.sup.vi.sub.b'M.sup.H.sub.c'D.sub.d'D.sup.vi.sub.e'D.sup.H.sub.f'-
T.sub.g'T.sup.vi.sub.h'T.sup.H.sub.i'Q.sub.j'
[0107] where all the terms are as previously defined and the
subscripts a', b', c', d', e', f', g', h', i' and j' are either 0
or a positive integer for well defined molecular species subject to
the limitation b'+e'+h' is greater than or equal to one and further
subject to the limitation that c'+f'+i' is greater than or equal to
one. Mixtures of compounds where individual molecular species
possess the formula,
M.sub.a'M.sup.vi.sub.b'M.sup.H.sub.c'D.sub.d'D.sup.vi.sub.e'D.sup.H.sub.f-
'T.sub.g'T.sup.vi.sub.h'T.sup.H.sub.i'Q.sub.j', will analyze for
non-integral values of the subscripts because of the fact that it
is a mixture and not a pure compound. Thus for mixtures of
compounds possessing the formula,
M.sub.a'M.sup.vi.sub.b'M.sup.H.sub.c'D.sub.d'D.su-
p.vi.sub.e'D.sup.H.sub.f'T.sub.g'T.sup.vi.sub.h'T.sup.H.sub.i'Q.sub.j',
the subscripts a', b', c', d', e', f', g', h', i' and j' will be
zero or positive. Compounds possessing the formula
M.sub.a'M.sup.vi.sub.b'M.sup.H-
.sub.c'D.sub.d'D.sup.vi.sub.e'D.sup.H.sub.f'T.sub.g'T.sup.vi.sub.h'T.sup.H-
.sub.i'Q.sub.j', may be prepared by the procedures and methods
disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,698,654; 5,753,751; and 5,965,683
herewith specifically incorporated by reference. These materials
may be reacted with the silicone precursors to the class II
silicone gels previously defined herein or they may self-reacted in
the presence of a noble metal hydrosilylation catalyst as is known
in the art. These materials are prepared in a hydrosilyation
compatible solvent and slurried in a lipophilic phase or a silicone
having a viscosity below about 1,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C.
(hereinafter also referred to as dispersant medium or media)
wherein said hydrosilylation product is slurried in said lipophilic
phase or said silicone and subjected to mixing with said lipophilic
phase or said silicone; producing thereby a uniform mixture
comprising said lipophilic phase or said silicone and said
hydrosilylation product whereby said uniform mixture has a
viscosity ranging from 500 to 500,000 centistokes at 25.degree.
C.
[0108] Many types of noble metal catalysts for hydrosilylation (or
SiH olefin addition reaction) are known and such noble metal
catalysts may be used for the preparative reactions involved in
making the compositions of the present invention. The most
preferred noble metals are those of the platinum group metals,
specifically rhodium and platinum. When optical clarity of the
resulting addition product is required the preferred catalysts are
those catalysts that are compounds that are soluble in the reaction
mixture. One such platinum compound can be selected from those
having the formula (PtCl.sub.2Olefin) and H(PtCl.sub.3Olefin) as
described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,601, hereby incorporated by
reference. The olefin shown in the previous two catalyst compound
formulas can be almost any type of olefin but is preferably an
alkenylene having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenylene have
from 5 to 7 carbon atoms or styrene. Specific olefins utilizable in
the above formulas are ethylene, propylene, the various isomers of
butylene, octylene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, and
the like.
[0109] A further platinum containing material usable in the
compositions of the present invention is the cyclopropane complex
of platinum chloride described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,159,662 hereby
incorporated by reference.
[0110] Further the platinum containing material can be a complex
formed from chloroplatinic acid with up to 2 moles per gram of
platinum of a member selected from the class consisting of
alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and mixtures of the above as described
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,220,972 hereby incorporated by reference.
[0111] The catalysts are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,715,334;
3,775,452; and 3,814,730 to Karstedt. Additional background
concerning the art may be found at J. L. Spier, "Homogeneous
Catalysis of Hydrosilation by Transition Metals, in Advances in
Organometallic Chemistry, volume 17, pages 407 through 447, F. G.
A. Stone and R. West editors, published by the Academic Press (New
York, 1979). Persons skilled in the art can easily determine an
effective amount of noble metal or platinum catalyst. Generally, an
effective amount ranges from about 0.1 to 50 parts per million of
the total organopolysiloxane composition.
[0112] The gels of the present invention are prepared either in a
hydrosilylation compatible medium or solvent or an epoxy-gel
formation compatible medium or solvent depending on the chemical
nature of the gel being prepared. Both classes of preparation media
include silicone solvents, preferably a silicone selected from the
group consisting of cyclic silicones having the formula
D.sub.f
[0113] where the subscript f is an integer ranging from about three
to about 6 with D defined as
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0114] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and
[0115] linear silicones having the formula
M'D'.sub.iM'
[0116] where D' is defined as
R.sup.4R.sup.5SiO.sub.2/2
[0117] where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently one to
forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and M' has the
formula
R.sup.12R.sup.13R.sup.14SiO.sub.1/2
[0118] where R.sup.12, R.sup.13 and R.sup.14 are each independently
one to forty carbon atom monovalent hydrocarbon radicals.
[0119] The hydrosilylation compatible medium or solvent are
selected from the group consisting of silicones and substituted
silicones including: silicone oils of the desired viscosity from
D.sub.4 to 10,000 cps oils; polyethersilicone copolymers where the
polyethers vary from 200 to 3000 molecular weight and may consist
of alkylene oxide chains based on one, two or more types of monomer
units such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide and
may be attached to the silicone with 1 to six carbon chain, or
through an silicone oxygen bond; polyester silicone copolymers;
alkyl, aromatic or alkylaromatic substituted siloxanes; alkoxy
substituted siloxanes including: substituted methoxy, ethoxy,
propoxy, octyloxy, dodecanoxy, cetyryloxy or isostearyloxy
siloxanes or other organically substituted siloxanes or siloxanes
containing multiple organic substituents that are compatible with
hydrosilylation reactions; hydro carbon solvents including:
tetradecane, isododecane, isohexadecane, mineral oil, hydrogenate
polydecene, apricot oil; ester solvents including: isopropyl
myristate, diisopropyl adipate, isodecyl neopentanoate; ethers
including: PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG 3 myristyl ether, ethoxylated
alkylphenols; glyceryl esters of fatty acids including: sunflower
oils, caprylic/capric triglyceride, C.sub.10-18 triglyceride; fatty
acid glycerides including: glyceryl stearate, glyceryl dioleate;
non-volatile fluorinated oil including: fluorinated silicones and
fluorinated esters; aromatic solvents including; benzene, toluene
and alkylbenzenes; and alcohols including: isopropanol, octanol,
dodecanol, hexadecanol, cetearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol,
myristyl alcohol.
[0120] The epoxy gel formation compatible medium or solvent is
primarily defined by solvent inertness and is preferably selected
from the group of silicone solvents D.sub.f and M'D'.sub.iM' as
previously defined and hydrocarbon solvents selected from the group
consisting of paraffinic, iso-paraffinic, aromatic and alkyl
aromatic solvents.
[0121] The compositions according to the present invention
therefore advantageously comprise a stable dispersion of particles
of at least one silicone in a dispersant medium preferably, a
lipophilic phase, the lipophilic phase preferably selected from the
group consisting of 1) physiologically acceptable liquid lipophilic
or fatty phases and 2) silicone fluids selected from the group
consisting of D.sub.f and M'D'.sub.iM' where D.sub.f and
M'D'.sub.iM' are as previously defined.
[0122] These dispersions may in particular be provided in the form
of nanoparticles of silicone gel in a stable dispersion in the said
lipophilic or fatty phase. The nanoparticles are preferably of
between 5 and 600 nm in size, given that above about 600 nm the
dispersions of particles become much less stable. This size range
includes all specific values and subranges therebetween, including
10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 nm.
[0123] The liquid lipophilic or fatty phase in which the siloxane
or silicone polymer may be dispersed may consist of any
cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable, and more generally
physiologically acceptable, oil chosen in particular from oils of
inorganic, animal, plant or synthetic origin, carbonaceous oils,
hydrocarbon oils, fluorinated oils and/or silicone oils, alone or
in the form of a mixture insofar as they form a homogeneous and
stable mixture and are compatible with the use envisaged. "Liquid
fatty phase" refers to any nonaqueous medium which is liquid at
room temperature. "Volatile fatty phase" refers to any nonaqueous
medium capable of evaporating from the skin or the lips, at room
temperature, in less than one hour.
[0124] Nonvolatile liquid lipophilic or fatty phase which can be
used in the invention, include hydrocarbon oils such as paraffin
oil or liquid petroleum jelly, vison oil, turtle oil, soya bean
oil, perhydrosqualene, sweet almond oil, calophyllum oil, palm oil,
grapeseed oil, sesame oil, maize oil, parleam oil, arara oil,
rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, apricot oil, castor
oil, avocado oil, jojoba oil, olive oil or cereal germ oil; esters
of lanolic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid or stearic acid; fatty
esters, such as isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl
stearate, hexyl laurate, diisopropyl adipate, isononyl isononate,
2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate, 2-octyldecyl
palmitate, 2-octyldodecyl myristate or lactate, 2-diethylhexyl
succinate, diisostearyl malate, glyceryl or diglyceryl
triisostearate; higher fatty acids such as myristic acid, palmitic
acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid,
linolenic acid or isostearic acid; higher fatty alcohols such as
cetanol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol, linoleyl or linolenyl
alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or octyl dodecanol; silicone oils such
as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which are optionally phenylated,
such as phenyl trimethicones, or which are optionally substituted
with optionally fluorinated aliphatic and/or aromatic groups, or
with functional groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and/or amine groups;
polysiloxanes modified with fatty acids, fatty alcohols or
polyoxyalkylenes, fluorinated silicones and perfluorinated
oils.
[0125] One or more oils which are volatile at room temperature and
atmospheric pressure may optionally be used. These volatile oils
have for example a steam pressure at ambient temperature and
pressure of, preferably, from 1.times.10.sup.-3 to 300 mm Hg,
provided that the boiling point is greater than 25.degree. C. These
volatile oils facilitate in particular the application of the
composition to the skin, the mucous membranes and the superficial
body growths. These oils may be hydrocarbon oils, silicone oils
optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups at the end of the
silicone or pendant chain.
[0126] The volatile silicone oil which may be used in the
invention, is selected from the group consisting of D.sub.f and
M'D'.sub.iM' as previously defined. The volatile oils represent
preferably from 0 to 97.5% of the total weight of the composition,
and more preferably from 5 to 85%. These ranges include all
specific values and subranges therebetween, including 0.5, 1, 2, 8,
10, 15, 25, 30, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 95% by weight.
[0127] Among the liquid lipophilic or fatty phases suitable for the
compositions of the present invention are vegetable oils formed by
esters of fatty acids and polyols, in particular triglycerides,
such as sunflower, sesame or rapeseed oil, or the esters derived
from long-chain acids or alcohols (that is to say having from 6 to
20 carbon atoms), in particular the esters of formula RCOOR' in
which R represents the residue of a higher fatty acid containing
from 7 to 19 carbon atoms and R' represents a hydrocarbon chain
containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as palmitates, adipates
and benzoates, in particular diisopropyl adipate. There may also be
mentioned the hydrocarbons and in particular paraffin oils, liquid
petroleum jelly, or hydrogenated polyisobutylene, isododecane, or
alternatively the "ISOPARs", volatile isoparaffins. There may also
be mentioned the silicone oils such as polydimethylsiloxanes and
polymethylphenylsiloxanes, optionally substituted with optionally
fluorinated aliphatic and/or aromatic groups, or with functional
groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and/or amine groups, and the
volatile, in particular cyclic, silicone oils. There may also be
mentioned the solvents, alone or in the form of a mixture, chosen
from (i) linear, branched or cyclic esters having more than 6
carbon atoms, (ii) ethers having more than 6 carbon atoms, (iii)
ketones having more than 6 carbon atoms. Monoalcohols having an
overall solubility parameter according to the HANSEN solubility
space of less than or equal to 20 (MPa).sup.1/2 are understood to
mean the aliphatic fatty alcohols having at least 6 carbon atoms,
the hydrocarbon chain containing no substitution group. As
mono-alcohols according to the invention, there may be mentioned
oleyl alcohol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol and linoleyl
alcohol.
[0128] Preferably the dispersant is selected from the group
consisting of hydrocarbon oils, paraffin oil, liquid petroleum
jelly, vison oil, turtle oil, soya bean oil, perhydrosqualene,
sweet almond oil, calophyllum oil, palm oil, grapeseed oil, sesame
oil, maize oil, parleam oil, arara oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower
oil, cottonseed oil, apricot oil, castor oil, avocado oil, jojoba
oil, olive oil, cereal germ oil; esters of lanolic acid, esters of
oleic acid, esters of lauric acid, esters of stearic acid;
isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexyl
laurate, diisopropyl adipate, isononyl isononate, 2-ethylhexyl
palmitate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate,
2-octyldodecyl myristate or lactate, 2-diethylhexyl succinate,
diisostearyl malate, glyceryl triisostearate, diglyceryl
triisostearate, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic
acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isostearic acid;
cetanol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, linoleyl or linolenyl
alcohol, isostearyl alcohol or octyl dodecanol; silicone oils,
polydimethylsiloxane, phenylated polydimethylsiloxane,
polymethylphenylsiloxanes, phenyl trimethicones, phenyl
trimethicones substituted with fluorinated aliphatic and/or
aromatic groups, phenyl trimethicones substituted with functional
groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and/or amine groups; polysiloxanes
modified with fatty acids, fatty alcohols or polyoxyalkylenes;
fluorinated silicones, perfluorinated oils, vegetable oils,
sunflower oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, the esters long-chain
acids or alcohols having the formula RCOOR' in which R represents
the residue of a higher fatty acid containing from 7 to 19 carbon
atoms and R' represents a hydrocarbon chain containing from 3 to 20
carbon atoms, hydrogenated polyisobutylene, isododecane, volatile
isoparaffins, oleyl alcohol, decanol, dodecanol, octadecanol and
linoleyl alcohol.
[0129] The choice of the non-aqueous medium is made by persons
skilled in the art as a function of the nature of the monomers
constituting the polymer and/or of the nature of the stabilizer, as
indicated below. In particular, it is possible to use a polar or
weakly polar oils such as vegetable oils of the long carbon
chain-containing triglyceride type (apricot oil, jojoba oil) or the
long carbon chain-containing esters such as octyldodecyl
neopentanoate, the alkanes such as parleam oil, and the silicone
oils. Furthermore, the total liquid lipophilic or fatty phase in
which the polymer is dispersed may represent from 30% to 98% of the
total weight of the composition and preferably from 30 to 75%.
These ranges for the total liquid lipophilic or fatty phase include
all specific values and sub-ranges therebetween, including 35, 40,
45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 85, 90 and 95% of the total weight of the
composition. The nonvolatile part represents at least 0.5% and in
practice from 1 to 30% of the total weight of the composition.
These ranges for the nonvolatile part include all specific values
and subranges therebetween, including 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%
of the total weight of the composition.
[0130] The personal care applications where the compositions of the
present invention may be employed include, but are not limited to,
deodorants, antiperspirants, antiperspirant/deodorants, shaving
products, skin lotions, moisturizers, toners, bath products,
cleansing products, hair care products such as shampoos,
conditioners, mousses, styling gels, hair sprays, hair dyes, hair
color products, hair bleaches, waving products, hair straighteners,
manicure products such as nail polish, nail polish remover, nails
creams and lotions, cuticle softeners, protective creams such as
sunscreen, insect repellent and anti-aging products, color
cosmetics such as lipsticks, foundations, face powders, eye liners,
eye shadows, blushes, makeup, mascaras and other personal care
formulations where silicone components have been conventionally
added, as well as drug delivery systems for topical application of
medicinal compositions that are to be applied to the skin.
[0131] In a preferred embodiment, the personal care composition of
the present invention further comprises one or more personal care
ingredients. Suitable personal care ingredients include, for
example, emollients, moisturizers, humectants, pigments, including
pearlescent pigments such as, for example, bismuth oxychloride and
titanium dioxide coated mica, colorants, fragrances, biocides,
preservatives, antioxidants, anti-microbial agents, anti-fungal
agents, antiperspirant agents, exfoliants, hormones, enzymes,
medicinal compounds, vitamins, salts, electrolytes, alcohols,
polyols, absorbing agents for ultraviolet radiation, botanical
extracts, surfactants, silicone oils, organic oils, waxes, film
formers, thickening agents such as, for example, fumed silica or
hydrated silica, particulate fillers, such as for example, talc,
kaolin, starch, modified starch, mica, nylon,
polymethylsilsequioxane, clays, such as, for example, bentonite and
organo-modified clays.
[0132] Suitable personal care compositions are made by combining,
in a manner known in the art, such as, for example, by mixing, one
or more of the above components with the siloxane copolymer network
or precursors thereto, preferably in the form of the silicone
compositions of the present invention. Thus the entrapped, occluded
or encapsulated materials may be incorporated into the silicone
network at any point in the preparation of the cosmetic
compositions of the present invention provided they do not
interfere with the preparation of the silicone gel or siloxane
copolymer network. Suitable personal care compositions may be in
the form of a single phase or in the form of an emulsion, including
but not limited to oil-in-water, water-in-oil and anhydrous
emulsions where the silicone phase may be either the discontinuous
phase or the continuous phase, as well as multiple emulsions, such
as, for example, oil-in water-in-oil emulsions and water-in-oil-in
water-emulsions.
[0133] The compositions of the present invention may be utilized as
prepared or as one or more components in emulsions. As is generally
known, emulsions comprise at least two immiscible phases one of
which is continuous and the other which is discontinuous. Further
emulsions may be liquids with varying viscosities comprising
solids. Additionally the particle size of the emulsions may render
them microemulsions and when sufficiently small such microemulsions
may be transparent. Further it is also possible to prepare
emulsions of emulsions and these are generally known as multiple
emulsions.
[0134] These primary types of emulsions may be:
[0135] 1) aqueous emulsions where the discontinuous phase comprises
water and the continuous phase comprises the polyether siloxane
copolymer network of the present invention;
[0136] 2) aqueous emulsions where the continuous phase comprises
the polyether siloxane copolymer network of the present invention
and the discontinuous phase comprises water;
[0137] 3) non-aqueous emulsions where the discontinuous phase
comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic solvent and the continuous phase
comprises the polyether siloxane copolymer network of the present
invention; and
[0138] 4) non-aqueous emulsions where the continuous phase
comprises a non-aqueous hydroxylic organic solvent and the
discontinuous phase comprises the polyether siloxane copolymer
network of the present invention.
[0139] Non-aqueous emulsions comprising a silicone phase are
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,060,546 and 6,271,295 the disclosures
of which are herewith and hereby specifically incorporated by
reference.
[0140] As used herein the term "non-aqueous hydroxylic organic
compound" means hydroxyl containing organic compounds as
exemplified by but not limited to alcohols, glycols, polyhydric
alcohols and polymeric glycols and mixtures thereof that are liquid
at room temperature, e.g. about 25.degree. C., and about one
atmosphere pressure. The non-aqueous organic hydroxylic solvents
are selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl containing
organic compounds comprising alcohols, glycols, polyhydric alcohols
and polymeric glycols and mixtures thereof that are liquid at room
temperature, e.g. about 25.degree. C., and about one atmosphere
pressure. Preferably the non-aqueous hydroxylic organic solvent is
selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, ethanol,
propyl alcohol, iso-propyl alcohol, propylene glycol, dipropylene
glycol, tripropylene glycol, butylene glycol, iso-butylene glycol,
methyl propane diol, glycerin, sorbitol, polyethylene glycol,
polypropylene glycol mono alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene copolymers
and mixtures thereof.
[0141] Once the desired form is attained whether as a silicone only
phase, an anhydrous mixture comprising the silicone phase (that may
or may not contain so-called non-intended water), a hydrous mixture
comprising the silicone phase, a water-in-oil emulsion, an
oil-in-water emulsion, or either of the two non-aqueous emulsions
or variations thereon, the resulting material is usually a high
viscosity cream with good feel characteristics, and high absorbance
of volatile solvent. It is capable of being blended into
formulations for hair care, skin care, antiperspirants, sunscreens,
cosmetics, color cosmetics, insect repellants, vitamin and hormone
carriers, fragrance carriers and the like.
[0142] Colored materials suitable for use in the compositions of
the present invention vary according to the laws of the country
where the compositions are being sold because they involve topical
application to human beings. However, even though categorized by
the suitability for use in the United States (US) or in the
European Union (EU) the term colored materials includes all the
colored materials in the following lists, lists A through D
inclusive and all possible sub-combinations thereof:
[0143] List A. Certified Organic Colors Listed for Cosmetic Uses in
the U.S. and EU:
[0144] FD&C blue no. 1, FD&C green no. 3, FD&C red no.
4, FD&C red no. 40, FD&C yellow no. 5, FD&C yellow no.
6, D&C blue no. 4, D&C brown no. 1, D&C green no. 5,
D&C green no. 6, D&C green no. 8, D&C orange no. 4,
D&C orange no. 5, D&C orange no. 10, D&C orange no. 11,
D&C red no. 6, D&C red no. 7, D&C red no. 17, D&C
red no. 21, D&C red no. 22, D&C red no. 27, D&C red no.
28, D&C red no. 30, D&C red no. 31, D&C red no. 33,
D&C red no. 34, D&C red no. 36, D&C violet no. 2,
D&C yellow no. 7, D&C yellow no. 8, D&C yellow no. 10,
D&C yellow no. 11, Ext. D&C violet no. 2, and Ext. D&C
yellow no. 7.
[0145] List B. Inorganic Colors Listed for Cosmetic Uses in the
U.S. and EU:
[0146] Iron oxide (red, yellow, black), Titanium dioxide, Zinc
oxide, Ultramarine, Bismuth oxychloride, Chromium oxide green,
Chromium hydroxide green, Ferric ferrocyanide, Manganese violet,
and Guanine
[0147] List C. Additional Only EU-Approved Colors List for Cosmetic
Uses:
[0148] Acid green no. 1, Pigment yellow no. 1, Pigment yellow no.
3, Solvent red no. 3, Solvent red no. 1, Pigment red no. 112,
Pigment red no. 5, Acid orange no. 6, Acid red no. 14, Pigment red
no. 68, Pigment red no. 48, Acid red no. 27 & Al lake, Acid red
no. 18, Acid black no. 1, Pigment yellow no. 13, Solvent yellow no.
29, Acid red no. 73, Brilliant black no. 1, Acid blue no. 1, Acid
blue no. 3, Basic violet no. 14, Basic blue no. 26, Acid green no.
50, Acid red no. 52, Acid violet no. 9, Acid red no. 51, Pigment
violet no. 23, Pigment red no. 83, Acid blue no. 62, Acid blue no.
74, Pigment violet no. 19, Pigment blue no. 15, Direct blue no. 86,
Pigment green no. 7, Bentonite, Barium sulfate, Calcium sulfate,
Carbon black, Iron oxide (orange), Magnesium carbonate,
Lactoflavin, Capsanthin, capsorubin, Beetroot red, Anthocyanins,
Aluminum stearate, Zinc stearate, Magnesium stearate, Calcium
stearate, Bromothymol blue, Bromocresol green, Acid red, Color
Index (CI) 195, CI 18736, CI 18820, CI 18965, CI 20040, CI 21108,
CI 24790, CI 27755, CI 40215, CI 40820, CI 40825, CI 40850, CI
42080, CI 42090, CI 42100, CI 42170, CI 42520, CI 42735, CI 45220,
CI 45396, CI 45405, CI 50325, CI 50420, CI 60724, CI 61585, CI
69800, CI 69825, CI 71105, CI 73000, CI 73385, CI 73915, CI 74100,
CI 75100, CI 75125, CI 75135, CI 75300, CI 77002, CI 77015, CI
77220, CI 77267, CI 77268:1, CI 77346, CI 77480, and CI 77745
[0149] List D. Other Colors List for Cosmetic Uses:
[0150] Beta carotene, Annatto, Caramel, Carmine,
Chlorophyllin-copper complex, Henna, Aluminum powder, Bronze or
copper powder, Silver, Mica, and Titanated mica.
[0151] Experimental
[0152] Panel 1
[0153] Lipstick compositions comprising the ingredients listed in
Table I were prepared by combining dimethicone copolyol
(PEG/PPG-20/15 Dimethicone) in D.sub.5
(decamethyl-cyclo-penta-siloxane), isododecane and the indicated
silicone gel under high shear mixing at ambient temperatures in a
first container. In a second container, C.sub.18-36 acid
triglyceride, Ozokerite.RTM., polyethylene and pigments were
combined and heated to 70.degree. C. After the mixture in the
second container was melted the silicone containing phase in the
first container was slowly added to the organic phase(s) in the
second container. Mixing was continued for an additional 30 minutes
to ensure homogeneity.
1TABLE I Compositions for Panel 1 Lipsticks Formulation
Ingredients, Wt. % 1 2 3 4 (control) 40 Wt. % dimethicone copolyol
in D.sub.5 10 10 10 10 C.sub.18-36 acid triglyceride 5 5 5 5
Ozokerite .RTM. 3 3 3 3 Polyethylene 5 5 5 5 Isododecane 20 20 20
20 D&C Red #7 Ca Lake 7 7 7 7 Silicone Gel A 50 0 0 0 Silicone
Gel B 0 50 0 0 Silicone Gel C 0 0 50 0 Silicone D 0 0 0 50 Notes:
C.sub.18-36 acid triglyceride is a triester of glycerin and C18-36
acid available from Croda, Inc. of 7 Century Drive, Parsippany, NJ
07054. Ozokerite is a hydrocarbon wax derived from mineral or
petroleum available from Strahl & Pitsch, Inc. of 230 Great
East Neck Rd., West Babylon, NY 11704. Polyethylene is a polymer of
ethylene available from New Phase Technologies of 377 Hoes Lanes,
Piscataway, NJ. Silicone Gel A is an example of Silicone Gel I and
is commercially available as SFE-839 from GE Silicones, 260 Hudson
River Road, Waterford, NY 12188. Silicone Gel B is an example of
Silicone Gel VII, an experimental sample. Silicone Gel C is an
example of Silicone Gel II, an experimental sample. Silicone D is
decamethyl-cyclo-penta-- siloxane (D.sub.5) and is commercially
available as SF-1202 from GE Silicones, 260 Hudson River Road,
Waterford, NY 12188.
[0154] The lipsticks were tested for transfer resistance using the
following method. Seventy mg of the tested lipsticks was uniformly
applied to a 2".times.3" pork intestine slide and air dried for 4
hours. A white T-shirt was placed on the surface of the lipstick
coated pork intestine slide and pressed with a 500 g weight by
rotating the weight in a 360 degree or one circular motion. The
amount of lipstick transferring to the T-shirt was measured by a
ColorEye 7000 (available from Gretag-Macbeth, 617 Little Britain
Rd., New Windsor, N.Y. 12553). The "a" value on the Hunter L, a, b
color scale was used as an indicator of rub-out and thus transfer
resistance. The "L" value is the measurement on a black and white
scale (0-100) where the higher the number the whiter the color,
with zero representing black, and 100 representing white. The "a"
value represents a red-green color scale where a positive number
represents redness and a negative number represents greenness. The
"b" value represents a blue-yellow color scale where a positive
number represents yellowness and a negative number represents
blueness. In these examples, the "a" values were used as an
indicator of rub-out because the only colored material used was
D&C red #7 Ca Lake. Since only a red coloring material was
used, the "L" and "b" number does not reflect any transfer and was
not used for any experimental evaluation. The average "L," "a," "b"
values (average of 5 samples per formulations) are shown in Table
II.
[0155] Transfer resistance as it applies to the silicone gel
comprising formulations of the present invention is more
quantitatively defined by a comparison to a control formulation
that does not contain a silicone gel material where both the
control and candidate formulation(s) have the same weight percent
dye or pigment in the cosmetic formulation. Thus a percent
reduction in the intensity of color transferred can be computed
using the following formula (based on "a" values of the L, a, b
color scale):
Percent transfer reduction=100 (a.sub.control-a.sub.tested
formulation/a.sub.control)
[0156] where a.sub.control is the "a" value on L,a,b scale of
control formulation,
[0157] a.sub.tested formulation is the a value on L,a,b scale of
color cosmetic containing silicone gel. The same formula can be
used for the yellow (positve b)-blue (negative b) color couple, "b"
values, and green color (negative values of "a") making the proper
algebraic adjustments when the scaled numbers are negative
numbers.
2TABLE II Transfer Measurements for Experimental Lipsticks Percent
Transfer Sample L a b Reduction 1 91.52 7.02 -11.36 43% 2 91.16
7.43 -11.22 40% 3 90.15 8.18 -11.34 34% 4 83.18 12.36 -10.36 --
(control)
[0158] Lipstick formulations containing silicone gels show the
lower numbers for the "a" value indicating a lower level of color
transferred to the T-shirt during the rub-out testing, i.e. a
higher transfer resistance, i.e. a greater percent transfer
reduction. Qualitative evaluations were also made of the transfer
resistance of the lipstick formulations. Samples 1 and 2 gave
slightly better transfer resistance than sample 3. By comparison to
the control, all the silicone gel containing lipstick formulations
provided excellent rub-out protection. These results are consistent
with the quantitative values for "a." After three days at room
temperature, syneresis was noticeable in the control formulation
but in contrast the silicone gel containing samples did not exhibit
any syneresis.
[0159] Panel 2
[0160] A lipstick comprised of the ingredients listed below was
prepared by combining 40% dimethicone copolyol in D5, isododecane,
D5, and the designated silicone gel under high shear mixing at
ambient temperature. In a separate container, C.sub.18-36 acid
triglyceride, Ozokerite, polyethylene and pigments were combined
and heated to 70.degree. C. After the mixture was melted, the
silicone phase was added slowly to the organic phase. The mixing
was continued for an additional 30 minutes to ensure
homogeneity.
3TABLE 3 Compositions of Panel 2 Lipsticks Wt % Wt % Wt % Wt %
Ingredients 5 (Control) 6 7 8 40% Dimethicone copolyol in 10 10 10
10 D.sub.5 C18-36 acid triglyceride 6 6 6 6 Ozokerite 4 4 4 4
Polyethylene 5 5 5 5 Isododecane 5 5 5 5 25% D&C Red # 7 Ca
lake in 28 28 28 28 castor oil Silicone D (SF1202) 42 22 22 22
Silicone Gel E 20 Silicone Gel F (DC9040) 20 Silicone Gel A 20
Notes: Silicone Gel E is an example of Silicone Gel II, an
experimental sample. Silicone Gel F (DC9040) is an example of
Silicone Gel VI and is commercially available the Dow-Corning
Corporation in Midland, MI.
[0161] The lipsticks were tested for transfer resistance using the
method previously described. Seventy mg of the tested lipsticks was
uniformly applied to the 2".times.3" pork intestine slides and
aired dried for 4 hours. A white T-shirt was placed on the surface
of the lipstick coated pork intestine slide and pressed with 500 g
weight by rotating the weight in a 360 degree or one circular
motion. The amount of lipstick transferring to the t-shirt was
measured by a ColorEye 7000 (available from Gretag-Macbeth, 617
Little Britain Rd., New Windsor, N.Y. 12553.) The "a" value on the
Hunter L, a, b color scale was used as an indicator of rub-out and
thus transfer resistance. The "L" value is the measurement on a
black and white scale (0-100) where the higher the number the
whiter the color, with 0 representing black and 100 representing
white. The a value represents red and green color where the
positive number reflects the red color and the negative number
represents green color. In this study the lower a value represents
less transfer and is more desirable. The b value represents blue
and yellow and the positive number represent yellow and negative
number represents blue. In this study the a value was used as an
indicator of rub out magnitude due to the presence of D&C red #
7 Ca lake in the formulations. Since only red coloring was used the
L and b number does not reflect transfer in this particular
instance and was not used for evaluating the formulations. The
average Lab value results were shown in the table below.
4TABLE 4 Transfer Resistance Values for Panel 2 Lipsticks Percent
Transfer Samples L a b Reduction 5 83.86 13.12 -9.62 -- (Control) 6
84.08 10.86 -9.89 17% 7 81.33 12.19 -9.54 7% 8 82.23 10.41 -10.32
20%
[0162] In this examples the primary indicator of transfer
resistance is the "a" value. Lipsticks containing silicone gel show
lower numbers of a value, which demonstrates the lower color
transfer of the lipsticks from the tested slide to T-shirt during
the rub-out testing. The ranking of transfer resistance from high
to low is as follows: Sample 8>Sample 6>Sample 7.
[0163] Although these tests measured lipstick formulations other
color cosmetic such as lipsticks, foundations, face powders, eye
liners, eye shadows, blushes, makeup, and mascaras although not
limited thereto may be similarly measured by a red-green or
blue-yellow color scale as herein defined. As measured by the
previously defined test, the transfer resistant color cosmetic
formulations of the present invention exhibit a percent transfer
reduction value of 7% or greater, preferably 17% or greater, more
preferably 20% or greater, and most preferably 34% or greater.
[0164] Cosmetic formularies list many different color cosmetic
formulations where waxes or other solid materials and cosmetic
fluids also including silicone oils may be replaced by the silicone
gels of the present invention gels I through VII), thus imparting
transfer resistance to the formulation, e.g.
[0165] Liquid Foundation
[0166] This light weight skin feel liquid foundation may be
prepared by mixing part A together and heat to 65.degree. C. Part B
is separately mixed and heated to 60 degree C. Then part A is
slowly added to part B.
5 wt % Part A Water q.s. Laureth-9 1.0 Butylene glycol 3.0
Magnesium aluminum silicate 0.25 Potassium cetyl phosphate 1.5
Preservatives 0.5 Part B 40% PEG/PPG-20/15 dimethicone 7.5 in
cyclopentasiloxane Titanium dioxide 8.75 Red iron oxide 0.5 Yellow
iron oxide 1.0 Black iron oxide 0.07 Talc 5.0 Caprylic/capric
triglyceride 6.0 Cetyl alcohol 1.25 C30-45 alkyl dimethicone 2.0
Cyclopentasiloxane 12.0 Sorbitan laurate 2.5 Silicone Gel of the
present invention 7.5
[0167] Powder Blusher
[0168] This powder blusher provides a soft silky feel with good
adhesion. It is (may be) prepared by mixing all ingredients of part
A together under a high speed mixer. Then part B is added to part
A.
6 Composition wt % Part A Talc q.s. Sericite 10.0 Bismuth
oxychloride 6.0 Polymethyl silsesquioxane(Tospearl 145A) 10.0
Magnesium myristate 3.0 Calcium silicate 0.2 D&C Red No. 30
Lake 1.0 Yellow iron oxide 0.5 Red iron oxide 0.25 Methylparaben
0.2 Propylparaben 0.1 Imidazolidinyl urea 0.25 Part B Silicone Gel
of the present invention 5.0 Bis-phenylpropyl dimethicone 1.5
[0169] Eyeshadow/Eyeliner pencil
[0170] Eyeshadow/eyeliner pencil is made by melting waxes, oils,
and Silicone Gel of the present invention at 75 C. Pigment is added
to the melted waxes. The formulation is passed through three-roll
mill to disperse pigment. It is then extruded through a single
orifice to form pencil lead.
7 Composition wt % Japan wax 30.0 Ceresin 15.0 Microcrystalline wax
4.0 Cetearyl methicone 6.0 Glyceryl triisostearate 3.0 Jojoba oil
15.0 Sunflower seed oil 5.0 Silicone Gel of the present invention
5.0 Pigment 17.0
[0171] Mascara
[0172] This oil in water emulsion mascara is prepared by heating
Part A to 75 C under high speed homogenizer. Part B is combined and
heated to 85 C. Emulsion is developed by adding part B to part A
while homogenizing.
8 Composition wt % Part A Deionized water q.s. PVP 2.0
Hydroxyethylcellulose 1.0 Triethanolamine 2.0 Methylparaben 0.3
Disodium EDTA 0.1 Black iron oxide 10.0 Part B Stearic acid 4.5
Glyceryl stearate 2.0 Silicone Gel of the present invention 7.0
C.sub.30-45 alkyl dimethicone 4.5 Propylparaben 0.1 Acrylate
copolymer 20.0 DMDM Hydantoin 0.18
[0173] Anhydrous Blush
[0174] This silky blush is prepared by combining color grind waxes,
oils, and Silicone Gel of the present invention, and heating to
80.degree. C. Talc, polymethylsilsesquioxane and mica are added to
the batch and mix until uniform.
9 Composition wt % 50% D&C Red No. 6 Barium lake 2.0 in
Bis-phenyl propyl dimethicone C18-36 acid triglyceride 12.1
Glyceryl tribehenate 1.9 Phenyl trimethicone 30.2 Caprylic/capric
triglyceride 3.0 Polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate 0.5 Silicone gel 5.0
Methylparaben 0.2 Propylparaben 0.1 Talc 18.0
Polymethylsilsesquioxane 15.0 Mica 12.0
[0175] Pressed Powder
[0176] The facial pressed powder is made by blending and milling
all the powders and colors together. When the desired uniformity
and particle size of the batch is achieved, a blend of dimethicone
(5 cSt) and Silicone Gel of the present invention is sprayed onto
the batch. It is then pressed in suitable containers.
10 Composition wt % Talc 36.4 Boron nitride 30.0 Titanium dioxide
15.0 Yellow iron oxide 2.8 Red iron oxide 1.3 Black iron oxide 1.2
Zinc stearate 3.0 Methylparaben 0.2 Propylparaben 0.1 Dimethicone 5
cSt 4.0 Silicone Gel of the present invention 6.0
[0177] Silicone Gels Comprising Encapsulated Pigments
EXAMPLE 1A
[0178] To a mixture of 303.3 g of titanium oxide, 72.8 g of yellow
iron oxide, 18.8 g of red iron oxide and 5.2 g of black iron oxide
was added 200 g of organopolysiloxane with the average structure
HMe.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.388(MeHSiO).sub.6.9SiMe.sub.2H, and
mixed in a high shear mixer for 1 h and then roll-milled to prepare
a smooth masterbatch paste.
[0179] 204 g of this masterbatch paste, 200 g of
HMe.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO)- .sub.388(MeHSiO).sub.6.9SiMe.sub.2H,
4.47 g of vinyl cyclohexene oxide, 22.38 g of organopolysiloxane
with the average structure
CH.sub.2.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.27--CH.sub.3, 560 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and 0.089 g of Karstedt catalyst
(i.e., 10 weight % platinum in polydimethylsiloxane fluid) were
mixed in a doughmixer. This solution was mixed at 100.degree. C.
for 1 hour. Then 4.47 g of an organopolysiloxane with average
structure Me.sub.3SiO(MeHSiO).sub.20SiMe.sub.3 was added and the
contents of the doughmixer was allowed to mix for a further 5 hours
time at 100.degree. C. to yield a powdered dry gel
[0180] To 600 g of this powdered dry gel was added 955 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 9000
psi pressure to yield a cream that had a viscosity of 184, 500
cstks.
[0181] In order to prove that the pigments were encased by the
silicone gel, the following experiment was conducted. To 1.6 g of
the powdered gel was added 10 g of n-heptane, and shaken for 45
minutes in small vial. The vial was then centrifuged to yield only
two layers, the clear heptane layer and the pigment entrapped gel
layer. A third layer containing the higher density unencased
pigment was not observed.
EXAMPLE 2A
[0182] To a mixture of 336.7 g of titanium oxide, 39.70 g of yellow
iron oxide, 15.3 g of red iron oxide and 4.2 g of black iron oxide
was added 199 g of organopolysiloxane with the average structure
HMe.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.133(MeHSiO).sub.2.5SiMe.sub.2H, and
mixed in a high shear mixer for 1 h and then roll-milled to prepare
a smooth masterbatch paste.
[0183] 346.7 g of this masterbatch paste, 144.9 g of
organopolysiloxane with the average structure
HMe.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.133(MeHSiO).sub.- 2.5SiMe.sub.2H,
8.53 g of vinyl cyclohexene oxide, 21.5 g of
CH.sub.2.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.27--CH.sub.3, 450 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and 0.1 g of Karstedt's catalyst
(i.e., 10 weight % platinum in polydimethylsiloxane fluid) were
mixed in a doughmixer. This solution was mixed at 100.degree. C.
for 1 hour. Then 15 g of organopolysiloxane with the average
structure Me.sub.3SiO(MeHSiO).sub.20SiMe.sub.3 was added and the
contents of the doughmixer was allowed to mix for a further 5 hours
time at 100.degree. C. Then 13 g of
CH.sub.2.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.14--CH.sub.3 quencher was added and
the reaction heated and mixed for additional 30 minutes to yield a
powdered dry gel.
[0184] To 800 g of this powdered gel was added 1063 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 9000
psi pressure to yield a cream that had a viscosity of 202,000
cstks.
[0185] In order to prove that the pigments were encased by the
silicone gel, the following experiment was conducted again. To 1.6
g of the powdered gel was added 10 g of n-heptane and shaken for 45
minutes in small vial. The vial was then centrifuged to yield only
two layers, the clear heptane layer and the pigment entrapped gel
layer. A third layer containing the higher density unencased
pigments was not observed.
EXAMPLE 3A
[0186] The Chemistry is Similar to Example 1 in U.S. Pat. No.
5,811,487
[0187] 300 g of organopolysiloxane with the average structure
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.100(MeHSiO).sub.6.65SiMe.sub.3 and
18.51 g CH.sub.2.dbd.CHCH.sub.2O(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.8H were
mixed in 300 g of isopropanol in three neck round bottom flask.
0.06 g of Karstedt's catalyst solution was added to this mixture
and heated to maintain a temperature of 70.degree. C. After 2 h,
the three-neck flask was connected to a vacuum pump and evacuated
to remove isopropanol. A polyether branched organosiloxane polymer
was obtained in quantitative yield.
[0188] To a mixture of 255 g of titanium oxide, 24 g of yellow iron
oxide, 15 g of red iron oxide and 6 g of black iron oxide was added
150 g of the above polyether branched organosiloxane polymer, and
mixed in a high shear mixer for 1 h and then roll-milled to prepare
a smooth masterbatch paste. 104 g of this masterbatch paste, 100 g
of the above polyether branched organosiloxane polymer, 3.7 g of
1,5-hexadiene, 485 g of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and 0.069 g of
Karstedt's catalyst (i.e., 10 weight % platinum in
polydimethylsiloxane fluid) were mixed in a doughmixer. This was
mixed at room temperature for 1 h to yield a powdered silicone gel.
The contents of the doughmixer were then allowed to mix for a
further 2 hours time at 100.degree. C. The batch was then cooled to
yield powdered silicone gel.
[0189] To 650 g of this powdered gel was added 550 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 8000
psi pressure to yield a cream that had a viscosity of 321,000
cstks.
[0190] Once again the pigments were found to be encased by the
silicone gel using a methodology as described in example 2.
EXAMPLE 4A
The Chemistry is Similar to Example 1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,352
[0191] To a mixture of 859.2 g of titanium oxide, 82.4 g of yellow
iron oxide, 42.5 g of red iron oxide and 15 g of black iron oxide
was added 429.3 g of organopolysiloxane with the average structure
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.20(MeHSiO).sub.3SiMe.sub.3, and mixed
in a high shear mixer for 1 h and then roll-milled to prepare a
smooth masterbatch paste.
[0192] 143 g of this masterbatch paste, 125 g of organopolysiloxane
with the average structure
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.20(MeHSiO).sub.3SiMe.s- ub.3, 11.7 of
1,5-hexadiene, 720 g of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and 0.1 g of
Karstedt's catalyst (i.e., 10 weight % platinum in
polydimethylsiloxane fluid) were mixed in a doughmixer at room
temperature. Gellation occurred within 1.5 hours. The reaction was
mixed in then for 8 h at room temperature to yield a powdered
silicone gel.
[0193] To 700 g of this powdered gel was added 500 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 8000
psi pressure to yield a cream that had a viscosity of 100,000
cstks.
[0194] Once again, the pigments were found to be encased by the
silicone gel using a methodology as described in example 2.
EXAMPLE 5A
The Chemistry is Similar to Example 1, U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,169
[0195] 143 g of the masterbatch paste from example 4, 36 g of
organopolysiloxane with the average structure
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).su- b.20(MeHSiO).sub.3SiMe.sub.3, 122 g of
organopolysiloxane with the average structure
CH2=CH-Me.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.20SiMe.sub.2--CH.dbd.CH.sub-
.2, 600 g of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane were mixed in a
doughmixer at room temperature for 1 hour. Then 0.1 g of Karstedt's
catalyst (i.e., 10 weight % platinum in polydimethylsiloxane fluid)
in 100 g of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane was added to the
doughmixer. Gellation occurred within 30 minutes at room
temperature. The reaction was then heated and maintained at
100.degree. C. for 2 h. The reaction was then cooled down to room
temperature to yield a powdered silicone gel.
[0196] To 700 g of this powdered gel was added 500 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 8000
psi pressure to yield a cream that had a viscosity of 71, 250
cstks.
[0197] Once again, the pigments were found to be encased by the
silicone gel using a methodology as described in example 2.
EXAMPLE 6A
The Chemistry is Similar to Example 1, U.S. Pat. No. 5,760,116
[0198] To a mixture of 264 g of titanium oxide, 21 g of yellow iron
oxide, 10.5 g of red iron oxide and 4.5 g of black iron oxide was
added 150 g of organopolysiloxane with the average structure
CH2=CH-Me.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2-
SiO).sub.800SiMe.sub.2--CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, and mixed in a high shear
mixer for 1 h and then roll-milled to prepare a smooth masterbatch
paste.
[0199] 300 g of this masterbatch paste, 150 g of organopolysiloxane
with the average structure
CH2=CH-Me.sub.2SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.800SiMe.sub.2---
CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, 1.2 of (M.sup.H.sub.2Q).sub.4, 450 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane were mixed in a dough mixer at room
temperature for 1 hour. Then 0.1 g of Karstedt's catalyst (i.e., 10
weight % platinum in polydimethylsiloxane fluid) in 100 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane was added to the dough mixer.
Gellation occurred within 15 minutes at room temperature. The
reaction was then heated and maintained at 100.degree. C. for 2 h.
The reaction was then cooled down to room temperature to yield a
powdered silicone gel.
[0200] To 400 g of this powdered gel was added 1100 g of
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and allowed to swell overnight. The
gel was processed by passing through a Gaulin homogenizer at 8000
psi pressure three times to yield a cream that had a viscosity of
166,250 cstks.
[0201] Once again, the pigments were found to be encased by the
silicone gel using a methodology as described in example 2.
* * * * *