U.S. patent application number 10/877550 was filed with the patent office on 2005-01-06 for fabric care compositions for lipophilic fluid systems.
Invention is credited to Arredondo, Victor Manuel, Berger, Roger Stephen, Dupont, Jeffrey Scott, Schaefer, Jared John, Sivik, Mark Robert.
Application Number | 20050000030 10/877550 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33563898 |
Filed Date | 2005-01-06 |
United States Patent
Application |
20050000030 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Dupont, Jeffrey Scott ; et
al. |
January 6, 2005 |
Fabric care compositions for lipophilic fluid systems
Abstract
Compositions for treating fabric articles, especially articles
of clothing, linens and drapery, wherein the compositions provide
improved cleaning of soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of
fabric articles, especially while providing superior garment care
for articles sensitive to water as compared to conventional fabric
article treating compositions, are provided.
Inventors: |
Dupont, Jeffrey Scott;
(Cincinnati, OH) ; Arredondo, Victor Manuel; (West
Chester, OH) ; Sivik, Mark Robert; (Mason, OH)
; Schaefer, Jared John; (Wyoming, OH) ; Berger,
Roger Stephen; (Fairfield, OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DIVISION
WINTON HILL TECHNICAL CENTER - BOX 161
6110 CENTER HILL AVENUE
CINCINNATI
OH
45224
US
|
Family ID: |
33563898 |
Appl. No.: |
10/877550 |
Filed: |
June 25, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60482958 |
Jun 27, 2003 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
8/142 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C11D 1/662 20130101;
C11D 1/667 20130101; C11D 3/162 20130101; C11D 3/43 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
008/142 |
International
Class: |
D06F 001/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A fabric article treating composition comprising: a) a
lipophilic fluid; and b) a polyol-based surfactant component
capable of enhancing soil removal benefits of a lipophilic fluid
and/or capable of suspending water in a lipophilic fluid; and c)
optionally, a non-silicone additive capable of further enhancing
soil removal by the composition; and d) optionally, a polar
solvent; e) optionally, other cleaning adjuncts; and f) optionally,
a second surfactant; wherein the fabric article treating
composition is capable of suspending water in a lipophilic
fluid.
2. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said lipophilic fluid is chosen from siloxanes, other
silicones, hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, glycerine derivatives such
as glycerine ethers, perfluorinated amines, perfluorinated and
hydrofluoroether solvents, low-volatility nonfluorinated organic
solvents, diol solvents, and mixtures thereof.
3. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 2,
wherein said lipophilic fluid is decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.
4. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said lipophilic fluid comprises from about 70% to about
99.99% by weight of the fabric article treating composition.
5. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said surfactant component comprises from about 0.001% to
about 20% by weight of the fabric article treating composition.
6. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a surfactant having
the following structure: L.sub.y-(X.sub.v--Y.sub.u).sub.x-L wherein
L and L' are solvent compatibilizing (or lipophilic) moieties,
which are independently selected from: (a) C1-C22 alkyl or C4-C12
alkoxy, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or
unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted; (b) siloxanes having the
formula: M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD"- .sub.d wherein a is 0-2; b is
0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50, provided that a+c+d is at least 1; M
is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sub.1 is
independently H, or an alkyl group, X is hydroxyl group, and e is 0
or 1; D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.4 is
independently H or an alkyl group; D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2,
wherein R.sup.5 is independently H, an alkyl group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.g-
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h--(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i(C.sub.kH.sub.2k).sub.j-
--R.sup.3, provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q-
.sub.4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h--(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i(C.sub.kH.-
sub.2k).sub.j--R3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, an alkyl
group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is 1-50, i is
0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or
substituted; Q is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl,
C.sub.2-10 alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; and D" is
R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is independently H, an
alkyl group or (CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.m-
(A).sub.n--[(T).sub.o-(A').sub.p-].sub.q-(T').sub.rZ(G).sub.s,
wherein 1 is 1-10; m is 0 or 1; n is 0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q
is 0-10; r is 0-3; s is 0-3; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or
substituted; Q is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl,
C.sub.2-1O alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; A and A' are each
independently a linking moiety representing an ester, a keto, an
ether, a thio, an amido, an amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a
C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkenyl, a branched or straight chained
polyalkylene oxide, a phosphate, a sulfonyl, a sulfate, an
ammonium, and mixtures thereof; T and T' are each independently a
C.sub.1-30 straight chained or branched alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl
which is unsubstituted or substituted; Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic
acid, a hydroxy, a phosphato, a phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a
sulfonate, a sulfate, a branched or straight-chained polyalkylene
oxide, a nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl unsubstituted or substituted
with a C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a carbohydrate unsubstituted or
substituted with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is
an anion or cation such as H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+,
NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-,
mesylate or tosylate; and D" can be capped with C1-C4 alkyl or
hydroxy groups; Y and Y' are hydrophilic moieties, which are
independently selected from hydroxy; polyhydroxy; C1-C3 alkoxy;
mono- or di-alkanolamine; C1-C4 alkyl substituted alkanolamine;
substituted heterocyclic containing O, S, N; sulfates; carboxylate;
carbonate; and when Y and/or Y' is ethoxy (EO) or propoxy (PO), it
must be capped with R, which is selected from the group consisting
of: (i) a 4 to 8 membered, substituted or unsubstituted,
heterocyclic ring containing from 1 to 3 hetero atoms; and (ii)
linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or
unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon
radicals having from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms; X is a
bridging linkage selected from O; S; N; P; C1 to C22 alkyl, linear
or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or
unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or aromatic,
interrupted by O, S, N, P; glycidyl, ester, amido, amino,
PO.sub.4.sup.2-, HPO.sub.4.sup.-, PO.sub.3.sup.2-, HPO.sub.3.sup.-,
which are protonated or unprotonated; u and w are integers
independently selected from 0 to 20, provided that u+w>1; t is
an integer from 1 to 10; v is an integer from 0 to 10; x is an
integer from 1 to 20; and y and z are integers independently
selected from 1 to 10.
7. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 6,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a surfactant having
the following structure: 8wherein R is derived from a linear,
cyclic, branched, unsaturated feedstock based on hydrocarbon or
silicone.
8. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 7,
wherein R is an oleyl.
9. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a polyl-based
surfactant chosen from saturated and unsaturated straight and
branched chain linear aliphatic polyols; saturated and unsaturated
cyclic aliphatic polyols, including heterocyclic aliphatic polyols;
or mononuclear or polynuclear aromatic polyols, including
heterocyclic aromatic polyols, monosaccharides, disaccharides,
oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, sugar alcohols, sugar ethers,
alkoxylated polyols, such as polyethoxy glycerol, pentaerythritol,
amine containing polyols, and mixtures, thereof.
10. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 9,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a glycol.
11. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 10,
wherein said glycol is glycerin.
12. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 9,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a
monosaccharide.
13. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 9,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises an
oligosaccharide.
14. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 9,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a
polysaccharide.
15. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 9,
wherein said (b) surfactant component comprises a sugar
alcohol.
16. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said non-silicone additive (c) comprises a
nitrogen-containing organic material.
17. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 16,
wherein said nitrogen-containing organic material is chosen from
primary, secondary, tertiary amines, diamines, triamines,
ethoxylated amines, amine oxides, amides, betaines, quaternary
ammonium salts and mixtures thereof.
18. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 17,
wherein said nitrogen-containing organic material comprises an
alkyl amine.
19. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 18,
wherein said nitrogen-containing organic material is chosen from:
dodecylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine and mixtures thereof.
20. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said polar solvent comprises water.
21. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein the optional second surfactant is a siloxane-based
surfactant.
22. The fabric article treating composition according to claim 1,
wherein said composition further comprises a cleaning adjunct
chosen from: builders, additional surfactants, emulsifying agents,
enzymes, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, bleach boosters,
bleaches, alkalinity sources, antibacterial agent, colorants,
perfume, lime soap dispersants, odor control agents, odor
neutralizers, polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents, crystal
growth inhibitors, photobleaches, heavy metal ion sequestrants,
anti-tarnishing agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-oxidants,
anti-redeposition agents, soil release polymers, electrolytes, pH
modifiers, thickeners, abrasives, divalent ions, metal ion salts,
enzyme stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, diamines, suds
stabilizing polymers, solvents, process aids, fabric softening
agents or actives, sizing agents, optical brighteners, hydrotropes
and mixtures thereof.
23. A consumable detergent composition comprising: a) a
polyol-based surfactant component capable of enhancing soil removal
benefits of a lipophilic fluid and/or capable of suspending water
in a lipophilic fluid; and b) a non-silicone additive capable of
further enhancing soil removal by the composition; and c)
optionally, a polar solvent; and d) optionally, other cleaning
adjuncts; and e) optionally lipophilic fluid; and f) optionally
processing aids; wherein the composition is capable of suspending
water in a lipophilic fluid.
24. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
lipophilic fluid is chosen from siloxanes, other silicones,
hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, glycerine derivatives such as
glycerine ethers, perfluorinated amines, perfluorinated and
hydrofluoroether solvents, low-volatility nonfluorinated organic
solvents, diol solvents, and mixtures thereof.
25. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
lipophilic fluid is decamethyl-cyclopentasiloxane.
26. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
lipophilic fluid comprises from about 70% to about 99.99% by weight
of the fabric article treating composition.
27. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
surfactant component (a) comprises from about 1% to about 99% by
weight of the detergent composition.
28. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
(b) surfactant component comprises a surfactant having the
following structure: L.sub.y-(X.sub.v--Y.sub.u).sub.x-L'.sub.z
wherein L and L' are solvent compatibilizing (or lipophilic)
moieties, which are independently selected from: (a) C1-C22 alkyl
or C4-C12 alkoxy, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, saturated
or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted; (b) siloxanes having
the formula: M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD.- sub.d wherein a is 0-2; b is
0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50, provided that a+c+d is at least 1; M
is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.1 is
independently H, or an alkyl group, X is hydroxyl group, and e is 0
or 1; D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.4 is
independently H or an alkyl group; D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2
wherein R.sup.5 is independently H, an alkyl group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.g-
O--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h--(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i(C.sub.kH.sub.2k).sub.j-
--R.sup.3, provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q-
.sub.4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.h--(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i(C.sub.kH.-
sub.2k).sub.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, an
alkyl group or an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is 1-50,
i is 0-50, j is 0-50, k is 4-8; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or
substituted; Q is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl,
C.sub.2-10 alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; and D" is
R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is independently H, an
alkyl group or (CH.sub.2).sub.l(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.m-
(A).sub.n-[(T).sub.n-(A').sub.p-].sub.q-(T').sub.rZ(G).sub.s,
wherein 1 is 1-10; m is 0 or 1; n is 0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q
is 0-10; r is 0-3; s is 0-3; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or
substituted; Q is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl,
C.sub.2-10 alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; A and A' are each
independently a linking moiety representing an ester, a keto, an
ether, a thio, an amido, an amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a
C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkenyl, a branched or straight chained
polyalkylene oxide, a phosphate, a sulfonyl, a sulfate, an
ammonium, and mixtures thereof; T and T' are each independently a
C.sub.1-30 straight chained or branched alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl
which is unsubstituted or substituted; Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic
acid, a hydroxy, a phosphato, a phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a
sulfonate, a sulfate, a branched or straight-chained polyalkylene
oxide, a nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl unsubstituted or substituted
with a C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a carbohydrate unsubstituted or
substituted with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is
an anion or cation such as H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+,
NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-,
mesylate or tosylate; and D" can be capped with C1-C4 alkyl or
hydroxy groups; Y and Y' are hydrophilic moieties, which are
independently selected from hydroxy; polyhydroxy; C1-C3 alkoxy;
mono- or di-alkanolamine; C1-C4 alkyl substituted alkanolamine;
substituted heterocyclic containing O, S, N; sulfates; carboxylate;
carbonate; and when Y and/or Y' is ethoxy (EO) or propoxy (PO), it
must be capped with R, which is selected from the group consisting
of: (i) a 4 to 8 membered, substituted or unsubstituted,
heterocyclic ring containing from 1 to 3 hetero atoms; and (ii)
linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or
unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon
radicals having from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms; X is a
bridging linkage selected from O; S; N; P; C1 to C22 alkyl, linear
or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or
unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or aromatic,
interrupted by O, S, N, P; glycidyl, ester, amido, amino,
PO.sub.4.sup.2-, HPO.sub.4.sup.-, PO.sub.3.sup.2-, HPO.sub.3.sup.-,
which are protonated or unprotonated; u and w are integers
independently selected from 0 to 20, provided that u+w.gtoreq.1; t
is an integer from 1 to 10; v is an integer from 0 to 10; x is an
integer from 1 to 20; and y and z are integers independently
selected from 1 to 10.
29. The detergent composition according to claim 28, wherein said
(b) surfactant component comprises a surfactant having the
following structure: 9wherein R is derived from a linear, cyclic,
branched, unsaturated feedstock based on hydrocarbon or
silicone.
30. The detergent composition according to claim 29, wherein R is
an oleyl.
31. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
surfactant component comprises a polyl-based surfactant chosen from
saturated and unsaturated straight and branched chain linear
aliphatic polyols; saturated and unsaturated cyclic aliphatic
polyols, including heterocyclic aliphatic polyols; or mononuclear
or polynuclear aromatic polyols, including heterocyclic aromatic
polyols, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides,
polysaccharides, sugar alcohols, sugar ethers, alkoxylated polyols,
such as polyethoxy glycerol, pentaerythritol, amine containing
polyols, and mixtures, thereof.
32. The detergent composition according to claim 31, wherein said
surfactant component comprises a glycol.
33. The detergent composition according to claim 32, wherein said
glycol is glycerin.
34. The detergent composition according to claim 31, wherein said
surfactant component comprises a monosaccharide.
35. The detergent composition according to claim 31, wherein said
surfactant component comprises an oligosaccharide.
36. The detergent composition according to claim 31, wherein said
surfactant component comprises a polysaccharide.
37. The detergent composition according to claim 31, wherein said
surfactant component comprises a sugar alcohol.
38. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
composition has a flash point of greater than 100.degree. F.
39. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
composition has a flash point of greater than 140.degree. F.
40. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein all of
said composition additives do not co-distill with the lipophilic
fluid or are water soluble at the level used in the fabric article
treating composition.
41. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein all of
said composition additives have boiling points that are at least 20
C degrees above or below the lipophilic fluid.
42. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
non-silicone additive comprises from about 1% to about 99% by
weight of the detergent composition.
43. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
non-silicone additive comprises a nitrogen-containing organic
material.
44. The detergent composition according to claim 43, wherein said
nitrogen-containing organic material is chosen from primary,
secondary, tertiary amines, diamines, triamines, ethoxylated
amines, amine oxides, amides, betaines, quaternary ammonium salts
and mixtures thereof.
45. The detergent composition according to claim 44, wherein said
nitrogen-containing organic material comprises an alkyl amine.
46. The detergent composition according to claim 45, wherein said
nitrogen-containing organic material is chosen from: dodecylamine,
stearylamine, oleylamine and mixtures thereof.
47. The detergent composition according to claim 23, wherein said
polar solvent comprises water, which comprises from about 1% to
about 90% by weight of the detergent composition.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority under 37 U.S.C. .sctn.
119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/482,958, filed
Jun. 27, 2003.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to compositions for treating
fabric articles, especially articles of clothing, linens and
drapery, wherein the compositions provide improved cleaning of
soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of fabric articles,
especially while providing superior garment care for articles
sensitive to water as compared to conventional fabric article
treating compositions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] For the cleaning of fabric articles consumers currently have
the choice of conventional laundry cleaning or dry cleaning.
[0004] Conventional laundry cleaning is carried out with relatively
large amounts of water, typically in a washing machine at the
consumer's home, or in a dedicated place such as a coin laundry.
Although washing machines and laundry detergents have become quite
sophisticated, the conventional laundry process still exposes the
fabric articles to a risk of dye transfer and shrinkage.
Significant portions of fabric articles used by consumers are not
suitable for cleaning in a conventional laundry process. Even
fabric articles that are considered "washing machine safe"
frequently come out of the laundry process badly wrinkled and
require ironing.
[0005] Dry cleaning processes rely on non-aqueous solvents for
cleaning. By avoiding water these processes minimize the risk of
shrinkage and wrinkling; however, cleaning of soils, particularly
water-based and alcohol-based soils, is very limited with these
processes. Typically, the dry-cleaner removes such soils by hand
prior to the dry-cleaning process. These methods are complex,
requiring a wide range of compositions to address the variety of
stains encountered, very labor intensive and often result in some
localized damage to the treated article.
[0006] Accordingly there is an unmet need, in commercial laundry,
in dry-cleaning and in the home, for fabric article treating
compositions, which simultaneously provide acceptable cleaning of
across a variety of soils while remaining safe for a wide range of
fabric articles.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention provides compositions which exhibit
improved cleaning of soils from and/or care of and/or treatment of
fabric articles. These benefits may be delivered to the fabric
article treated by the compositions of the present invention while
maintaining excellent fabric care properties.
[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, a fabric article
treating composition comprising:
[0009] a) a lipophilic fluid; and
[0010] b) a polyol surfactant component capable of enhancing soil
removal benefits of a lipophilic fluid and/or capable of suspending
water in a lipophilic fluid; and
[0011] c) optionally, a non-silicone additive capable of further
enhancing soil removal by the composition; and
[0012] d) optionally, a polar solvent; and
[0013] e) optionally, other cleaning adjuncts; and
[0014] f) optionally, processing aids;
[0015] wherein the composition is capable of suspending water in a
lipophilic fluid, is provided.
[0016] In another aspect of the present invention, a consumable
detergent composition comprising:
[0017] a) a surfactant component capable of enhancing soil removal
benefits of a lipophilic fluid and/or capable of suspending water
in a lipophilic fluid; and
[0018] b) a non-silicone additive capable of further enhancing soil
removal by the composition; and
[0019] c) optionally, a polar solvent; and
[0020] d) optionally, other cleaning adjuncts; and
[0021] e) optionally, lipophilic fluid; and
[0022] f) optionally, processing aids;
[0023] wherein the composition is capable of suspending water in a
lipophilic fluid, is provided.
[0024] These and other aspects, features and advantages will become
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a reading of
the following detailed description and the appended claims. All
percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by weight, unless
otherwise specified. All temperatures are in degrees Celsius
(.degree. C.) unless otherwise specified. All measurements are in
SI units unless otherwise specified. All documents cited are, in
relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions
[0025] The term "fabric article" used herein is intended to mean
any article that is customarily cleaned in a conventional laundry
process or in a dry cleaning process. As such, the term encompasses
articles of clothing, linens, drapery, and clothing accessories.
The term also encompasses other items made in whole or in part of
fabric, such as tote bags, furniture covers, tarpaulins and the
like.
[0026] The term "lipophilic fluid" used herein is intended to mean
any nonaqueous fluid capable of removing sebum, as described in
more detail herein below.
[0027] The term "fabric article treating composition" used herein
is intended to mean any lipophilic fluid-containing composition
containing cleaning and/or care additives that comes into direct
contact with fabric articles to be cleaned. It should be understood
that the term "fabric article treating composition" encompasses
uses other than cleaning, such as conditioning and sizing.
Furthermore, optional cleaning adjuncts such as additional
surfactants other than those surfactants described above, bleaches,
and the like may be added to the "fabric article treating
composition". That is, cleaning adjuncts may be optionally combined
with the lipophilic fluid. These optional cleaning adjuncts are
described in more detail hereinbelow. Such cleaning adjuncts may be
present in the fabric article treating compositions of the present
invention at a level of from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of
the fabric article treating composition.
[0028] The term "soil" means any undesirable substance on a fabric
article that is desired to be removed. By the terms "water-based"
or "hydrophilic" soils, it is meant that the soil comprised water
at the time it first came in contact with the fabric article, or
the soil retains a significant portion of water on the fabric
article. Examples of water-based soils include, but are not limited
to, beverages, many food soils, water soluble dyes, bodily fluids
such as sweat, urine or blood, and outdoor soils such as grass
stains and mud.
[0029] The term "capable of suspending water in a lipophilic fluid"
means that a material is able to suspend, solvate and/or emulsify
water, in a way that the water remains visibly suspended, solvated
or emulsified when left undisturbed for a period of at least five
minutes after initial mixing of the components. In some examples of
compositions in accordance with the present invention, the
compositions may be colloidal in nature and/or appear milky. In
other examples of compositions in accordance with the present
invention, the compositions may be transparent.
[0030] The term "insoluble in a lipohilic fluid" means that when
added to a lipophilic fluid, a material physically separates from
the lipophilic fluid (i.e. settle-out, flocculate, float) within 5
minutes after addition, whereas a material that is "soluble in a
lipophilic fluid" does not physically separate from the lipophilic
fluid within 5 minutes after addition.
[0031] The term "consumable detergent composition" means any
detersive composition, that when combined with a discrete
lipophilic fluid, results in a fabric article treating composition
according to the present invention.
[0032] The term "processing aid" refers to any material that
renders the consumable detergent composition more suitable for
formulation, stability, and/or dilution with a lipophilic fluid to
form a fabric article treating composition in accordance with the
present invention.
[0033] The term "mixing" as used herein means combining two or more
materials (i.e., more specifically a discrete lipophilic fluid and
a detergent composition in accordance with the present invention)
in such a way that a homogeneous mixture or stable dispersion or
suspension is formed. Suitable mixing processes are known in the
art. Nonlimiting examples of suitable mixing processes include
vortex mixing processes and static mixing processes.
[0034] "Solvent compatibility group", as used herein, means any
hydrocarbon, silicone, polyalkylene oxide (ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy,
etc. and mixtures) or flurorinated groups. Hydrocarbon groups may
be linear, cyclic, branched, saturated or unsaturated straight and
branched chain linear aliphatic; saturated and unsaturated cyclic
aliphatic, including heterocyclic aliphatic; or mononuclear or
polynuclear aromatics, including heterocyclic aromatics.
Polyoxyalkylene groups may comprise of one or more or a mixture of
alkoxy repeat units. Silicone and fluorinated groups may consist of
one or more or a mixture of repeat units.
[0035] "Functionalized", as used herein, means the indicated
solvent compatibility groups are chemically bonded to the
polyol.
[0036] A "functional unit", as used herein, means one solvent
compatibility group used to functionalize the polyol.
COMPOSITIONS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[0037] The present invention provides compositions which exhibit
improved cleaning of soils (i.e., removal and/or reduction of
soils) from and/or care of and/or treatment of fabric articles.
These benefits may be delivered to the fabric article treated by
the compositions of the present invention while maintaining
excellent fabric care properties.
[0038] Lipophilic Fluid
[0039] "Lipophilic fluid" as used herein means any non-aqueous
solvent that meets the Sebum Removal Test described hereinbelow and
that at least partially liquid and/or readily flowable (nonviscous)
at ambient temperature and pressure. In general, a suitable
lipophilic fluid can be fully liquid at ambient temperature and
pressure, can be an easily melted solid, e.g., one which becomes
liquid at temperatures in the range from about 0.degree. C. to
about 60.degree. C., or can comprise a mixture of liquid and vapor
phases at ambient temperatures and pressures, e.g., at 25. .degree.
C. and 1 atm. pressure.
[0040] It is preferred that the lipophilic fluid herein be
nonflammable or, have relatively high flash points and/or low VOC
characteristics, these terms having conventional meanings as used
in the dry cleaning industry, to equal or, preferably, exceed the
characteristics of known conventional dry cleaning fluids.
Sebum Removal Test
[0041] The Sebum Removal Test described herein is used to identify
suitable lipophilic fluids for use in the present invention. The
test method uses commercially available Crisco.RTM. canola oil,
oleic acid (95% pure, available from Sigma Aldrich Co.) and
squalene (99% pure, available from J. T. Baker) as model soils for
sebum. The test materials should be substantially anhydrous and
free from any added adjuncts, or other materials. As a general
guideline, perfluorobutylamine (Fluorinert FC43.RTM.) on its own
(with or without adjuncts) is a reference material that, by
definition, is unsuitable as the lipophilic fluid.
[0042] The sebum Removal Test starts with the preparation of three
vials. Place 1.0 g of canola oil in the first; in a second vial
place 1.0 g of the oleic acid (95%), and in a third and final vial
place 1.0 g of the squalene (99%). Add 1 g of the fluid to be
tested for lipophilicity to each vial. Separately mix at room
temperature and pressure each prepared vial for 20 seconds on a
standard vortex mixer at maximum setting. Place vials on the bench
and allow to stand for 15 minutes at room temperature and pressure.
If, after 15 minutes a single phase is formed in any of the vials
containing lipophilic soils, then the fluid qualifies as suitable
for use as a "lipophilic fluid" in accordance with the invention.
However, if two or more separate layers are formed in all three
vials, then the amount of fluid dissolved in the oil phase will
need to be further determined before rejecting or accepting the
fluid as qualified as a "lipophilic fluid."
[0043] In such a case, with a syringe, carefully extract a 200
microliter sample from each layer in each vial. The
syringe-extracted layer samples are placed in GC autosampler vials
and subjected to conventional GC analysis after determining the
retention time of calibration samples of each of the three models
soils and the fluid being tested. If more than 1% of the test fluid
by GC, preferably more, is found to be present in any one of the
layers which consists of the oleic acid, canola oil or squalene
layer, then the test fluid is also qualified for use as a
lipophilic fluid. If needed, the method can be further calibrated
using heptacosafluorotributylamine, i.e., Fluorinert FC-43 (fail)
and cyclopentasiloxane (pass).
[0044] A suitable GC is a Hewlett Packard Gas Chromatograph HP5890
Series II equipped with a split/splitless injector and FID. A
suitable column used in determining the amount of lipophilic fluid
present is a J&W Scientific capillary column DB-1HT, 30 meter,
0.25 mm id, 0.1 um film thickness cat# 1221131. The GC is suitably
operated under the following conditions:
[0045] Carrier Gas: Hydrogen; Column Head Pressure: 9 psi; Flows:
Column Flow@.about.1.5 ml/min.; Split Vent@.about.250-500 ml/min.;
Septum Purge@1 ml/min.; Injection: HP 7673 Autosampler, 10 ul
syringe, 1 ul injection; Injector Temperature: 350.degree. C.;
Detector Temperature: 380.degree. C.; Oven Temperature Program:
initial 60.degree. C., hold 1 min.; rate 25.degree. C./min.; final
380.degree. C. hold 30 min.
[0046] Preferred lipophilic fluids suitable for use herein can
further be qualified for use on the basis of having an excellent
garment care profile. Garment care profile testing is well known in
the art and involves testing a fluid to be qualified using a wide
range of garment or fabric article components, including fabrics,
threads and elastics used in seams, etc., and a range of buttons.
Preferred lipophilic fluids for use herein have an excellent
garment care profile; for example, they have a good shrinkage or
fabric puckering profile and do not appreciably damage plastic
buttons.
[0047] For purposes of garment care testing or other qualification,
e.g., flammability, a lipophilic fluid for use in the lipophilic
fluid can be present in a mixture, e.g., with water, at
approximately the ratio to be used in the final lipophilic fluid
which will come into contact with fabric articles. Certain
materials, which remove sebum, qualify for use as lipophilic
fluids; for example, ethyl lactates can be quite objectionable in
their tendency to dissolve buttons, and if such a material is to be
used in the lipophilic fluid, it will be formulated with water
and/or other solvents such that the overall mix is not
substantially damaging to buttons. Other lipophilic fluids,
decamethyl-cyclopentasiloxane for example, meet the garment care
requirements commendably. Some suitable lipophilic fluids may be
found in granted U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,865,852; 5,942,007; 6,042,617;
6,042,618; 6,056,789; 6,059,845; and 6,063,135.
[0048] Nonlimiting examples of suitable lipophilic fluid materials
include siloxanes, other silicones, hydrocarbons, glycol ethers,
glycerine derivatives such as glycerine ethers, perfluorinated
amines, perfluorinated and hydrofluoroether solvents,
low-volatility nonfluorinated organic solvents, diol solvents,
other environmentally-friendly solvents and mixtures thereof.
[0049] "Siloxane" as used herein means silicone fluids which are
non-polar and insoluble in water or lower alcohols. Linear
siloxanes (see for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,443,747, and 5,977,040)
and cyclic siloxanes are useful herein, including the cyclic
siloxanes chosen from octamethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane (tetramer),
dodecamethyl-cyclohexasiloxane (hexamer), and preferably
decamethyl-cyclopentasiloxane (pentamer, commonly referred to as
"D5"). A preferred siloxane comprises more than about 50% cyclic
siloxane pentamer, in another embodiment more than about 75% cyclic
siloxane pentamer, in yet another embodiment at least about 90% of
the cyclic siloxane pentamer. Also preferred for use herein are
siloxanes which are a mixture of cyclic siloxanes having at least
about 90% (preferably at least about 95%) pentamer and less than
about 10% (preferably less than about 5%) tetramer and/or
hexamer.
[0050] Mixtures of lipophilic fluid are also suitable, provided
that the requirements of the Lipophilic Fluid Test, as described
below, are met. The lipophilic fluid can include any fraction of
dry-cleaning solvents, especially newer types including fluorinated
solvents, or perfluorinated amines. Some perfluorinated amines such
as perfluorotributylamines, while unsuitable for use as lipophilic
fluid, may be present as one of many possible adjuncts present in
the lipophilic fluid-containing composition.
[0051] Other suitable lipophilic fluids include, but are not
limited to, diol solvent systems e.g., higher diols such as C6 or
C8 or higher diols, organosilicone solvents including both cyclic
and acyclic types, and the like, and mixtures thereof.
[0052] Nonlimiting examples of low volatility nonfluorinated
organic solvents include for example OLEAN.RTM. and other polyol
esters, or certain relatively nonvolatile biodegradable mid-chain
branched petroleum fractions.
[0053] Nonlimiting examples of glycol ethers include propylene
glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene
glycol t-butyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, dipropylene
glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether, dipropylene
glycol t-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether,
tripropylene glycol methyl ether, tripropylene glycol n-propyl
ether, tripropylene glycol t-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol
n-butyl ether.
[0054] Nonlimiting examples of other silicone solvents, in addition
to the siloxanes, are well known in the literature, see, for
example, Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, and are
available from a number of commercial sources, including GE
Silicones, Toshiba Silicone, Bayer, and Dow Corning. For example,
one suitable silicone solvent is SF-1528 available from GE
Silicones.
[0055] Nonlimiting examples of suitable glycerine derivative
solvents for use in the methods and/or apparatuses of the present
invention include glycerine derivatives having the following
structure: 1
[0056] wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently
selected from: Hydrogen; branched or linear, substituted or
unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.30 alkenyl,
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.30 alkyleneoxyalkyl,
C.sub.1-C.sub.30 acyloxy, C.sub.7-C.sub.30 alkylenearyl;
C.sub.4-C.sub.30 cycloalkyl; C.sub.6-C.sub.30 aryl; and mixtures
thereof. Two or more of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together can
form a C.sub.3-C.sub.8 aromatic or non-aromatic, heterocyclic or
non-heterocyclic ring.
[0057] Nonlimiting examples of suitable glycerine derivative
solvents, further include 2,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-1-propanol;
2,3-dimethoxy-1-propanol; 3-methoxy-2-cyclopentoxy-1-propanol;
3-methoxy-1-cyclopentoxy-2-propanol; carbonic acid
(2-hydroxy-1-methoxymethyl)ethyl ester methyl ester; glycerol
carbonate and mixtures thereof.
[0058] Nonlimiting examples of other environmentally-friendly
solvents include lipophilic fluids that have an ozone reactivity of
from about 0 to about 0.31, lipophilic fluids that have a vapor
pressure of from about 0 to about 0.1 mm Hg, and/or lipophilic
fluids that have a vapor pressure of greater than 0.1 mm Hg, but
have an ozone reactivity of from about 0 to about 0.31. Nonlimiting
examples of such lipophilic fluids that have not previously been
described above include carbonate solvents (i.e., methyl
carbonates, ethyl carbonates, ethylene carbonates, propylene
carbonates, glycerine carbonates) and/or succinate solvents (i.e.,
dimethyl succinates).
[0059] "Ozone Reactivity" as used herein is a measure of a VOC's
ability to form ozone in the atmosphere. It is measured as grams of
ozone formed per gram of volatile organics. A methodology to
determine ozone reactivity is discussed further in W. P. L. Carter,
"Development of Ozone Reactivity Scales of Volatile Organic
Compounds", Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association,
Vol. 44, Page 881-899, 1994. "Vapor Pressure" as used can be
measured by techniques defined in Method 310 of the California Air
Resources Board.
[0060] Preferably, the lipophilic fluid comprises more than 50% by
weight of the lipophilic fluid of cyclopentasiloxanes, ("D5")
and/or linear analogs having approximately similar volatility, and
optionally complemented by other silicone solvents.
[0061] Surfactant Component
[0062] The surfactant component of the present invention can be a
material that is capable of suspending water in a lipophilic fluid
and/or enhancing soil removal benefits of a lipophilic fluid. The
materials may be soluble in the lipophilic fluid.
[0063] The surfactant component, when present in the fabric article
treating compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 0.01% to about 20% more preferably from about
0.02% to about 5%, even more preferably from about 0.05% to about
2% by weight of the fabric article treating composition.
[0064] The surfactant component, when present in the consumable
detergent compositions of the present invention, preferably
comprises from about 1% to about 99%, more preferably 2% to about
75%, even more preferably from about 5% to about 60% by weight of
the consumable detergent composition.
Polyol Based Surfactants
[0065] Another class of materials can include polyol-based
surfactants. "Polyol", as used herein, means any aliphatic or
aromatic compound containing at least two free hydroxyl groups. In
practicing the processes disclosed herein, the selection of a
suitable polyol is simply a matter of choice. For example, suitable
polyols may be selected from the following classes: saturated and
unsaturated straight and branched chain linear aliphatic; saturated
and unsaturated cyclic aliphatic, including heterocyclic aliphatic;
or mononuclear or polynuclear aromatics, including heterocyclic
aromatics. Carbohydrates and glycols are exemplary polyols.
Especially preferred glycols include glycerin. Monosaccharides
suitable for use herein include, for example, mannose, galactose,
arabinose, xylose, ribose, apiose, rhamnose, psicose, fructose,
sorbose, tagitose, ribulose, xylulose, glusose, and erythrulose.
Oligosaccharides suitable for use herein include, for example,
maltose, kojibiose, nigerose, cellobiose, lactose, melibiose,
gentiobiose, turanose, rutinose, trehalose, sucrose and raffinose.
Polysaccharides suitable for use herein include, for example,
amylose, glycogen, cellulose, chitin, inulin, agarose, zylans,
mannan and galactans. Although sugar alcohols are not carbohydrates
in a strict sense, the naturally occurring sugar alcohols are so
closely related to the carbohydrates that they are also preferred
for use herein. The sugar alcohols most widely distributed in
nature and suitable for use herein are sorbitol, erythritol,
arabitol, xylitol, threitol, pentaerythritol, mannitol and
galactitol.
[0066] Particular classes of materials suitable for use herein
include monosaccharides, disaccharides and sugar alcohols. Other
classes of materials include sugar ethers, alkoxylated polyols,
such as polyethoxy glycerol, pentaerythritol and other polyols
containing amines such as glucosamine.
[0067] Polyol based surfactants have the ability to aid in cleaning
for water soluble and water based soils. However, these
functionalities typically do not have good compatibility in dry
cleaning solvent such as decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. The present
invention utilizes a solvent compatibility group functionalized
onto a polyol for improved cleaning. An example of a generic
structure is shown in the following example:
[0068] The surfactant suitable for use in the present invention has
the general formula:
L.sub.y--(X.sub.v--Y.sub.u).sub.x--L'.sub.z
[0069] wherein L and L' are solvent compatibilizing (or lipophilic)
moieties, which are independently selected from:
[0070] (a) C1-C22 alkyl or C4-C12 alkoxy, linear or branched,
cyclic or acyclic, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or
unsubstituted;
[0071] (b) siloxanes having the formula:
M.sub.aD.sub.bD'.sub.cD".sub.d
[0072] wherein a is 0-2; b is 0-1000; c is 0-50; d is 0-50,
provided that a+c+d is at least 1;
[0073] M is R.sup.1.sub.3-eX.sub.eSiO.sub.1/2 wherein R.sup.1 is
independently H, or an alkyl group, X is hydroxyl group, and e is 0
or 1;
[0074] D is R.sup.4.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.4 is
independently H or an alkyl group;
[0075] D' is R.sup.5.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.5 is
independently H, an alkyl group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.-
40).sub.h--(C.sub.3H.sub.60).sub.i(C.sub.kH.sub.2k).sub.j--R.sup.3,
provided that at least one R.sup.5 is
(CH.sub.2).sub.f(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).su-
b.gO--(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.b--(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.i(C.sub.kH.sub.2k).su-
b.j--R.sup.3, wherein R.sup.3 is independently H, an alkyl group or
an alkoxy group, f is 1-10, g is 0 or 1, h is 1-50, i is 0-50, j is
0-50, k is 4-8; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted; Q
is independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.2-10
alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; and
[0076] D" is R.sup.6.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2 wherein R.sup.6 is
independently H, an alkyl group or
(CH.sub.2).sub.l(C.sub.6Q.sub.4).sub.m(A).sub.n--[(T).s-
ub.o-(A').sub.p-].sub.q-(T').sub.rZ(G).sub.s, wherein 1 is 1-10; m
is 0 or 1; n is 0-5; o is 0-3; p is 0 or 1; q is 0-10; r is 0-3; s
is 0-3; C.sub.6Q.sub.4 is unsubstituted or substituted; Q is
independently selected from H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.2-10
alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; A and A' are each independently a
linking moiety representing an ester, a keto, an ether, a thio, an
amido, an amino, a C.sub.1-4 fluoroalkyl, a C.sub.1-4
fluoroalkenyl, a branched or straight chained polyalkylene oxide, a
phosphate, a sulfonyl, a sulfate, an ammonium, and mixtures
thereof; T and T' are each independently a C.sub.1-30 straight
chained or branched alkyl or alkenyl or an aryl which is
unsubstituted or substituted; Z is a hydrogen, carboxylic acid, a
hydroxy, a phosphato, a phosphate ester, a sulfonyl, a sulfonate, a
sulfate, a branched or straight-chained polyalkylene oxide, a
nitryl, a glyceryl, an aryl unsubstituted or substituted with a
C.sub.1-30 alkyl or alkenyl, a carbohydrate unsubstituted or
substituted with a C.sub.1-10 alkyl or alkenyl or an ammonium; G is
an anion or cation such as H.sup.+, Na.sup.+, Li.sup.+, K.sup.+,
NH.sub.4.sup.+, Ca.sup.+2, Mg.sup.+2, Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-,
mesylate or tosylate; and D" can be capped with C1-C4 alkyl or
hydroxy groups;
[0077] Y and Y' are hydrophilic moieties, which are independently
selected from hydroxy; polyhydroxy; C1-C3 alkoxy; mono- or
di-alkanolamine; C1-C4 alkyl substituted alkanolamine; substituted
heterocyclic containing O, S, N; sulfates; carboxylate; carbonate;
and when Y and/or Y' is ethoxy (EO) or propoxy (PO), it must be
capped with R, which is selected from the group consisting of:
[0078] (i) a 4 to 8 membered, substituted or unsubstituted,
heterocyclic ring containing from 1 to 3 hetero atoms; and
[0079] (ii) linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated,
substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or
aromatic hydrocarbon radicals having from about 1 to about 30
carbon atoms;
[0080] X is a bridging linkage selected from 0; S; N; P; C1 to
C.sub.22 alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated,
substituted or unsubstituted, cyclic or acyclic, aliphatic or
aromatic, interrupted by O, S, N, P; glycidyl, ester, amido, amino,
PO.sub.4.sup.2-, HPO.sub.4.sup.-, PO.sub.3.sup.2-, HPO.sub.3.sup.-,
which are protonated or unprotonated;
[0081] u and w are integers independently selected from 0 to 20,
provided that u+w.gtoreq.1;
[0082] t is an integer from 1 to 10;
[0083] v is an integer from 0 to 10;
[0084] x is an integer from 1 to 20; and
[0085] y and z are integers independently selected from 1 to
10.
[0086] Example of a general sucrose based structure is shown in the
following structure: 2
[0087] Wherein R are independently selected from H, alkyls,
polyoxyalkylenes, siloxanes or flurorinated groups; and at least
two hydroxyl groups are present in the polyol moiety, either to
terminate one or more R groups, be present within one or more of
the R groups or be present from non-complete functionalization of a
polyol starting material with an example being sucrose. The alkyl
groups may be linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, saturated or
unsaturated, and contain about 1-30 carbons, preferably about 6 to
30 carbons, more preferably about 8 to 18 carbons. Silicone and
fluorinated groups may consist of 1-50 repeat units.
[0088] The method of functionalizing the polyol moiety may be, but
not limited to alkylation, esterification, etherification,
amidation, amination and other linking chemistries. Thus, the
corresponding bridging group B can be alkyl, ester, ether, amido,
and amino linking groups. The number and size of the lipophilic
moieties L associated with a given polyol group is important for
optimized the performance of the surfactant. Not limited in theory,
the number and size of the lipophilic moieties L used for a given
polyol is important for optimized performance. Without being
bounded by theory, too large and/or too many lipophilic moieties L
can lead to various unwanted properties such as too high a
solubility profile in the solvent, too high a molecular weight
leading to molecular weight inefficiency and potentially the
materials becoming a solid making solubiliztion in the solvent and
formulation difficulty. Too few and/or too small solvent lipophilic
moieties Lcan lead to reduced performance of the polyol due to poor
solubility in the solvent.
[0089] The present invention polyol based surfactants may comprise
one or more polyalkylene oxide units within the structure. EO/PO/BO
and higher materials are alkoxy moieties, preferably selected from
ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and mixed EO/PO, EO/BO. PO/BO, EO/PO/BO
groups wherein the number of repeat units (m) may consist of 1-50
units. The alkoxy moieties may) be either a distribution or with an
average degree of alkoxylation or it may be a single specific chain
with an exact alkoxylation number. Placement of the alkoxy moieties
in the stucture may be near the polyol moiety or on the ends on the
R units. Placement of the alkoxy moieties in the stucture may be
near the polyol moiety or on the ends on the R units. 3
[0090] Placement of the alkoxy moieties in the stucture may be near
the polyol moiety or on the ends on the R units.
[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, the
functionalized polyol has an average of at least 1 solvent
compatibility group per molecule. In another embodiment of the
invention, the polyol has an average of at least 2 solvent
compatibility groups per molecule (twin tail), while in another
embodiment the polyol has an average of from about 3 to about 8
solvent compatibility groups per molecule.
[0092] In one embodiment of the present invention, the
functionalized polyol has an average of at least 2 OH groups per
molecule. In another embodiment of the invention, the polyol has an
average of at least 3 OH groups per molecule, while in another
embodiment the polyol has an average of from about 3 to about 8 OH
groups per molecule.
[0093] In one embodiment of the present invention, the
functionalized polyol may have the 2 or more hydroxyls replaced
with 1 or more of the following groups or combinations of groups:
sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate, amine, alkanolamine, phosphate and
amide containing moieties. The following structures exemplify
polyol ester containing surfactants useful in the present
invention: 4
[0094] In one embodiment of the present invention, functionalized
polyol is derived from a sucrose ester with an average of at least
2 OH groups per molecule with a lipophilic group R derived from a
linear, cyclic, branched, unsaturated feedstock based on
hydrocarbon or silicone as shown below.
[0095] In one embodiment of the present invention, functionalized
polyol is derived from a sucrose ester with an average of at least
2 OH groups per molecule with a lipophilic group R derived from a
linear, cyclic, branched, unsaturated feedstock based on
hydrocarbon or silicone as shown below. 5
[0096] Compound 1 is a sucrose ester shown above with the solvent
compatibility groups being derived from a oleyl based feedstock
such as soybean oil where the degree of esterification as an
average of 5.
[0097] Compound 2 is a sucrose ester shown above with the solvent
compatibility groups being derived from a oleyl based feedstock
such as soybean oil where the degree of esterification as an
average of 6.
[0098] Compound 3 is a sucrose ester shown above with the solvent
compatibility groups being derived from a oleyl based feedstock
such as soybean oil where the degree of esterification as an
average of 7.
[0099] In one embodiment of the present invention, a functionalized
polyol is derived from a sucrose ether with an average of at least
2 OH groups per molecule with a lipophilic group R derived from a
linear, cyclic, branched, unsaturated feedstock based on
hydrocarbon or silicone as shown below. 6
[0100] In one embodiment of the present invention, functionalized
polyol is derived from a sorbitan ester with an average of at least
2 OH groups per molecule with a lipophilic group R derived from
linear, cyclic, branched, unsaturated feedstock based on
hydrocarbon or silicone as shown below. 7
[0101] The polyol based surfactants of the present invention have
at least 2 free hydroxyls per molecule, more preferably higher as
long as solvent compatibility is maintained.
[0102] The polyol based surfactants of the present invention have
at least one compatibility group per molecule, more preferably the
minimum number needed to maintain solvent compatibility.
[0103] The polyol based surfactants of the present invention have R
groups which are saturated, unsaturated, linear or branched, cyclic
or acyclic hydrocarbons ranging from 6 to 30 total carbons, more
preferably from 8 to 18 carbons.
[0104] The polyol based surfactants are present in the cleaning
formulations of the present invention at levels from 0.001% to 20%,
more preferably from about 0.01% to 2%.
Additional Surfactants
[0105] An optional second surfactant can be selected from a class
of materials that includes siloxane-based surfactants
(siloxane-based materials). The siloxane-based surfactants in this
application may be siloxane polymers for other applications. The
siloxane-based surfactants typically have a weight average
molecular weight from 500 to 20,000. Such materials, derived from
poly(dimethylsiloxane), are well known in the art. In the present
invention, not all such siloxane-based surfactants are suitable,
because they do not provide improved cleaning of soils compared to
the level of cleaning provided by the lipophilic fluid itself.
Examples of the types of siloxane-based surfactants described
herein above may be found in EP-1,043,443A1, EP-1,041,189 and
WO-01/34,706 (all to GE Silicones) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,676,705,
U.S. Pat. No. 5,683,977, U.S. Pat. No. 5,683,473, and
EP-1,092,803A1 (all to Lever Brothers).
[0106] Nonlimiting commercially available examples of suitable
siloxane-based surfactants are TSF 4446 (ex. General Electric
Silicones), XS69-B5476 (ex. General Electric Silicones); Jenamine
HSX (ex. DelCon) and Y12147 (ex. OSi Specialties).
[0107] A second preferred class of materials suitable for the
surfactant component is organic in nature. Preferred materials are
organosulfosuccinate surfactants, with carbon chains of from about
6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Most preferred are
organosulfosuccinates containing dialkly chains, each with carbon
chains of from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms. Also preferred are
chains containing aryl or alkyl aryl, substituted or unsubstituted,
branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated groups.
[0108] Nonlimiting commercially available examples of suitable
organosulfosuccinate surfactants are available under the trade
names of Aerosol OT and Aerosol TR-70 (ex. Cytec).
Non-Silicone Additive
[0109] The optional non-silicone additive (i.e., materials do not
contain an Si atom), which preferably comprises a strongly polar
and/or hydrogen-bonding head group, further enhances soil removal
by the compositions of the present invention. Examples of the
strongly polar and/or hydrogen-bonding head group-containing
materials include, but are not limited to alcohols, cationic
materials such as cationic surfactants, quaternary surfactants,
quaternary ammonium salts such as ammonium chlorides (nonlimiting
examples of ammonium chlorides are Arquad materials commercially
available from Akzo Nobel) and cationic fabric softening actives,
nonionic materials such as nonionic surfactants (i.e., alcohol
ethoxylates, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides), gemini surfactants,
anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, carboxylic acids,
sulfates, sulphonates, phosphates, phosphonates, and nitrogen
containing materials. In one embodiment, non-silicone additives
comprise nitrogen containing materials chosen from primary,
secondary and tertiary amines, diamines, triamines, ethoxylated
amines, amine oxides, amides and betaines, a nonlimiting example of
a betaines is Schercotaine materials commercially available from
Scher Chemicals and mixtures thereof.
[0110] In another embodiment embodiment, alkyl chain contains
branching that may help lower the melting point.
[0111] In yet another embodiment, primary alkylamines comprising
from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms are used. Particularly
preferred primary alkylamines are oleylamine (commercially
available from Akzo under the trade name Armeen OLD), dodecylamine
(commercially available from Akzo under the trade name Armeen 12D),
branched C.sub.16-C.sub.22 alkylamine (commercially available from
Rohm & Haas under the trade name Primene JM-T) and mixtures
thereof.
[0112] Suitable cationic materials may include quaternary
surfactants, which maybe quaternary ammonium compounds.
Commercially available agents include Varisoft materials from
Goldschmidt.
[0113] Polar Solvent
[0114] Compositions according to the present invention may further
comprise a polar solvent. Non-limiting examples of polar solvents
include: water, alcohols, glycols, polyglycols, ethers, carbonates,
dibasic esters, ketones, other oxygenated solvents, and mixutures
thereof. Further examples of alcohols include: C1-C126 alcohols,
such as propanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc., benzyl alcohol,
and diols such as 1,2-hexanediol. The Dowanol series by Dow
Chemical are examples of glycols and polyglycols useful in the
present invention, such as Dowanol TPM, TPnP, DPnB, DPnP, TPnB,
PPh, DPM, DPMA, DB, and others. Further examples include propylene
glycol, butylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and more hydrophobic
glycols. Examples of carbonate solvents are ethylene, propylene and
butylene carbonantes such as those available under the Jeffsol
tradename. Polar solvents for the present invention can be further
identified through their dispersive (.delta..sub.D), polar
(.delta..sub.P) and hydrogen bonding (.delta..sub.H) Hansen
solubility parameters. Preferred polar solvents or polar solvent
mixtures have fractional polar (f.sub.P) and fractional hydrogen
bonding (f.sub.H) values of f.sub.P>0.02 and f.sub.H>0.10,
where
f.sub.P=.delta..sub.P/(.delta..sub.D+.delta..sub.P+.delta..sub.H)
and
f.sub.H=.delta..sub.H/(.delta..sub.D+.delta..sub.P+.delta..sub.H),
more preferably f.sub.P>0.05 and f.sub.H>0.20, and most
preferably f.sub.P>0.07 and f.sub.H>0.30.
[0115] In the detergent composition of the present invention, the
levels of polar solvent can be from about 0 to about 70%,
preferably 1 to 50%, even more preferably 1 to 30% by weight of the
detergent composition.
[0116] Water, when present in the wash fluid fabric article
treating compositions of the present invention, may comprise from
about 0.001% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.005% to
about 5%, even more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1% by
weight of the wash fluid fabric article treating composition.
[0117] Water, when present in the detergent compositions of the
present invention, preferably comprises from about 1% to about 90%,
more preferably from about 2% to about 75%, even more preferably
from about 5% to about 40% by weight of the consumable detergent
composition.
[0118] Processing Aids
[0119] Optionally, the compositions of the present invention may
further comprise processing aids. Processing aids facilitate the
formation of the fabric article treating compositions of the
present invention, by maintaining the fluidity and/or homogeneity
of the consumable detergent composition, and/or aiding in the
dilution process. Processing aids suitable for the present
invention are solvents, preferably solvents other than those
described above, hydrotropes, and/or surfactants, preferably
surfactants other than those described above with respect to the
surfactant component. Particularly preferred processing aids are
protic solvents such as aliphatic alcohols, diols, triols, etc. and
nonionic surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty alcohols.
[0120] Processing aids, when present in the fabric article treating
compositions of the present invention, preferably comprise from
about 0.02% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.05% to about
10%, even more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of
the fabric article treating composition.
[0121] Processing aids, when present in the consumable detergent
compositions of the present invention, preferably comprise from
about 1% to about 75%, more preferably from about 5% to about 50%
by weight of the consumable detergent composition.
[0122] Cleaning Adjuncts
[0123] Some suitable cleaning adjuncts include, but are not limited
to, builders, surfactants, other than those described above with
respect to the surfactant component, enzymes, bleach activators,
bleach catalysts, bleach boosters, bleaches, alkalinity sources,
antibacterial agents, colorants, perfumes, pro-perfumes, finishing
aids, lime soap dispersants, odor control agents, odor
neutralizers, polymeric dye transfer inhibiting agents, crystal
growth inhibitors, photobleaches, heavy metal ion sequestrants,
anti-tarnishing agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-oxidants,
anti-redeposition agents, soil release polymers, electrolytes, pH
modifiers, thickeners, abrasives, divalent or trivalent ions, metal
ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, polyamines
and/or their alkoxylates, suds stabilizing polymers, solvents,
process aids, fabric softening agents, optical brighteners,
hydrotropes, suds or foam suppressors, suds or foam boosters and
mixtures thereof.
[0124] Treated Fabric Article
[0125] A fabric article that has been treated in accordance a
method of the present invention is also within the scope of the
present invention. Preferably such a treated fabric article
comprises an analytically detectable amount of at least one
compound (e.g., an organosilicone) having a surface energy
modifying effect but no antistatic effect; or an analytically
detectable amount of at least one compound having a surface energy
modifying and/or feel-modifying and/or comfort-modifying and/or
aesthetic effect and at least one antistatic agent other than said
at least one compound.
EXAMPLE 1
[0126] Synthesis of Oleyl Based Sucrose Esters with an Average
Degree of Esterification of 5.0:
[0127] Materials: oleyl (from soybean feedstock) sucrose ester=7.75
(MW=2390 g/mole) DMSO (Dimethylsulfoxide-EM Science)
[0128] Sucrose (342 g/mole-Domino Sugar)
[0129] Potassium Carbonate Catalyst
[0130] Procedure:
[0131] Add the DMSO and sucrose into a 12 Liter reactor and mix
well to dissolve the sucrose. Then add the oleyl ester 7.75 and 30
g catalyst. Heat to 100-110.degree. C. React until desired degree
of esterification is reached by measuring on SFC (supercritical
fluid chromatography). Nitrogen is swept over the reactor.
[0132] When reaction is completed, cool to .about.65.degree. C.
then wash with 10% water and gently mix. Centrifuge at .about.6000
rpm for 5 minutes to remove remaining catalyst, soap and DMSO.
Decant off the top liquid layer. Evaporate any remaining DMSO/Water
by running material through the 2" Wipe Film Evaporator (WFE) at
100.degree. C. and .about.0.8 mm Hg.
EXAMPLE 2
[0133] A control fabric care composition containing a nonionic
surfactant and one or more cleaning adjuncts is prepared by mixing
the components as following:
1 Components Concentration (wt %) Surfactant - Tergitol .RTM.
15S-3* 50 Propylene glycol 25 TSF-4446** 10 Water 15 Total 100 *a
secondary alcohol nonionic surfactant from Dow **a silicone
copolyol from General Electric
[0134] This detergent composition is diluted with D5/0.5% water to
1 wt % concentration in the resulting wash liquor (referred to as
"Example 2"). The stain removal or fabric cleaning capability of
Example 2 is tested according to ASTM D4265-98 using cotton
swatches and artificial stains.
EXAMPLE 3
[0135] A detergent composition is prepared according to Example 2,
except that a sucrose ester (compound 1) was added at 15% of the
formula partially replacing propylene glycol. This composition is
diluted with D5/0.5% water to 1 wt % concentration in the resulting
wash liquor. The stain removal or fabric cleaning capability of the
composition is tested according to ASTM D4265-98 using cotton
swatches and artificial stains. Example 3 shows improved stain
removal on grass, US clay and spaghetti sauce compared to Example
2.
EXAMPLE 4
[0136] A detergent composition is prepared according to Example 2,
except that the sucrose esters 6.0 and 7.0 (compounds 2 and 3) was
added at 15% of the formula partially replacing propylene glycol.
This composition is diluted with D5/0.5% water to 1 wt %
concentration in the resulting wash liquor. The stain removal or
fabric cleaning capability of the composition is tested according
to ASTM D4265-98 using cotton swatches and artificial stains.
Example 4 shows reduced stain removal on grass, US clay and
spaghetti sauce compared to Example 3.
EXAMPLE 5
[0137] The following are non-limiting examples of fabric article
treating compositions in accordance with the present invention.
2 TABLE 1 A B C D E F Lipophilic To 100% To 100% To 100% To 100% To
100% To 100% Fluid Surfactant 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 10% 5%
Component(s) Non-silicone 0.4% 0.15% 0.2% 0.2% 5% 1% Additive(s)
Polar -- -- 5% 0.325% 0.6% 0.28% Solvent(s)
EXAMPLE 6
[0138] The following are nonlimiting examples of consumable
detergent compositions in accordance with the present
invention:
3 TABLE 3 A B C D E F Surfactant 33% 82% 50% 16% 35% 15%
Component(s) Non-silicone 67% 5% 50% 32% 32% 33% Additive(s) Polar
-- Balance -- Balance Balance Balance Solvent(s)
[0139] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described, it would be apparent to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention.
[0140] All percentages stated herein are by weight unless otherwise
specified. It should be understood that every maximum numerical
limitation given throughout this specification will include every
lower numerical limitation, as if such lower numerical limitations
were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation
given throughout this specification will include every higher
numerical limitation, as if such higher numerical limitations were
expressly written herein. Every numerical range given throughout
this specification will include every narrower numerical range that
falls within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower
numerical ranges were all expressly written herein.
[0141] All documents cited are, in relevant part, incorporated
herein by reference; the citation of any document is not to be
construed as an admission that it is prior art with respect to the
present invention.
* * * * *