U.S. patent application number 10/615296 was filed with the patent office on 2004-12-30 for panel assembly for dock seal or shelter.
Invention is credited to Eungard, William C..
Application Number | 20040261335 10/615296 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33544254 |
Filed Date | 2004-12-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040261335 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Eungard, William C. |
December 30, 2004 |
Panel assembly for dock seal or shelter
Abstract
An expandable panel assembly for a dock shelter or seal includes
a first panel and a second panel, preferably of a blow molded
plastic material. The second panel optionally includes a sealing
member and is adapted for pivotal movement relative to the first
panel along a first axis. The first panel is configured for
essentially pivotal movement relative to a dock wall about a second
axis.
Inventors: |
Eungard, William C.;
(Waterford, WI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BAKER & HOSTETLER LLP
Washington Square
Suite 1100
1050 Connecticut Avenue, N.W.
Washington
DC
20036
US
|
Family ID: |
33544254 |
Appl. No.: |
10/615296 |
Filed: |
July 9, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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60471728 |
May 20, 2003 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/173.2 ;
52/173.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65G 69/008
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
052/173.2 ;
052/173.1 |
International
Class: |
E04D 013/18; E04H
014/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A panel assembly mountable along an opening in a dock wall for
providing a dock shelter or seal, comprising: a first panel and a
second panel, wherein said second panel is adapted for essentially
pivotal movement relative to said first panel about a first axis,
and said first panel is adapted for essentially pivotal movement
relative to the dock wall about a second axis.
2. A panel assembly according to claim 1, wherein said first panel
has a front edge and a rear edge and the second panel has a front
edge and a rear edge, and the rear edge of said second panel is
pivotally connected to the front edge of said first panel.
3. A panel assembly according to claim 2, wherein the rear edge of
said second panel is hingedly connected to the front edge of said
first panel.
4. A panel assembly according to claim 3, wherein the rear edge of
said second panel is castellated and the front edge of said first
panel is also castellated such that the rear edge of said second
panel and the front edge of said first panel interlock to form a
hinge joint.
5. A panel assembly according to claim 4, further comprising a
stay, wherein said panel assembly has a length and said stay is
positioned in an opening extending the length of said panel
assembly through the castellated front edge of said first panel and
the castellated rear edge of said second panel.
6. A panel assembly according to claim 5, wherein said stay biases
said panel assembly to an open position.
7. A panel assembly according to claim 2, wherein: said panel
assembly has an interior face on the side of the dock opening and
an opposing exterior face; said panel assembly further comprises at
least one backing member positioned at the first axis on the
interior face of the said panel assembly.
8. A panel assembly according to claim 7, wherein the backing
member biases the panel to an open position where the second panel
is held away from the first panel.
9. A panel according to claim 7, wherein the backing member is
chosen from springs, triangular foam blocks, elastomer panels,
rubber panels, and fiberglass composites.
10. A panel assembly according to claim 7, wherein said first panel
has recessed portion at or near the front edge of the first panel,
and said second panel has a recessed portion at or near the rear
edge of the second panel, and the backing member is adapted to fit
between the recessed portions.
11. A panel assembly according to claim 1, wherein the first panel
and the second panel comprise a rigid but flexible material.
12. A panel assembly according to claim 11, wherein the material is
blow molded.
13. A panel assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one of
said first or second panels comprise a plurality of panel portions
which are assembled to form said first or second panels.
14. A panel assembly according to claim 2, wherein the rear edge of
said first panel is directly or indirectly mountable to the dock
wall.
15. A panel assembly according to claim 14, wherein said panel
assembly further comprises at least one L-shaped bracket for
flexibly mounting the rear edge of said first panel to the dock
wall.
16. A panel assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a
seal member located at the front edge of said second panel, the
seal can be integral with said second panel, or a separate
component attached to said second panel, or can be both integral
and a separate component.
17. A panel assembly according to claim 15, wherein the seal member
comprises a hook portion located at the front edge of said second
panel, the hook portion comprises a seal strip.
18. A panel assembly according to claim 1, wherein said first panel
has a length and said second panel has a length and the length of
said first panel and the length of said second panel are sized for
vertical mounting along the opening in the dock wall.
19. A panel assembly according to claim 1, wherein said first panel
has a length and said second panel has a length and the length of
said first panel and the length of said second panel are sized for
horizontal mounting along the width of the opening in the dock
wall.
20. A dock shelter or seal for mounting along an opening in a wall
of a dock, the dock having a dock floor, comprising: at least a
panel assembly comprising a first and second panel, wherein said
second panel is adapted for essentially pivotal movement relative
to said first panel about a first axis, and said first panel is
directly or indirectly mountable to the dock wall.
21. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 20, wherein the dock
shelter further comprises at least a second panel assembly, wherein
the first panel assembly is directly or indirectly mountable along
a side of the opening in the dock wall which is approximately
perpendicular to the dock floor, and the second panel assembly is
directly or indirectly mountable along a second side of the opening
in the dock wall which is also approximately perpendicular to the
dock floor.
22. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 21, wherein the dock
shelter further comprises a top portion panel assembly, wherein the
top portion panel assembly is directly or indirectly mountable to a
side of the opening in the dock wall which is parallel to the dock
floor and the top portion panel assembly is positioned along the
dock wall above and substantially perpendicularly to the first and
second panel assemblies.
23. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 22, further
comprising a top portion panel assembly having a first and second
panel, wherein said second panel is adapted for essentially pivotal
movement relative to said first panel about a first axis, and said
first panel is directly or indirectly mountable to the dock
wall.
24. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 23, wherein at least
one of the first, second, or top panel assemblies each further
comprise a sealing member.
25. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 20, wherein said
first panel is adapted for essentially pivotal movement relative to
the dock wall about a second axis.
26. A dock shelter or seal according to claim 25, wherein said
first panel is directly or indirectly mountable to the dock wall
for flexible movement.
27. A dock seal assembly mountable along an opening in a dock wall,
comprising: an expandable panel assembly configured to accommodate
trucks of varying widths, comprising a first and a second panel
assembly, the first panel assembly including: a rear first panel
having a front edge and a rear edge; a front first panel having a
front edge and a rear edge; a first seal portion; wherein the rear
edge of said front first panel is pivotally connected to the front
edge of said rear first panel defining a first axis of rotation,
the rear edge of said rear first panel is adapted for essentially
pivotal movement relative to the dock wall about a second axis of
rotation and is directly or indirectly mountable to a first
vertical side of the dock wall opening, and the first seal portion
is located at the front edge of said front first panel; the second
panel assembly comprising: a rear second panel having a front edge
and a rear edge; a front second panel having a front edge and a
rear edge; a second seal portion; wherein the rear edge of said
front second panel is pivotally connected to the front edge of said
rear second panel defining a third axis of rotation, the rear edge
of said rear second panel is adapted for essentially pivotal
movement relative to the dock wall about a fourth axis of rotation
and is mountable to a second, opposing vertical side of the dock
wall opening, and the second seal portion is located at the front
edge of said front second panel; and, wherein the first, second,
third, and fourth axes of rotation are substantially parallel to
one another.
28. A dock seal or shelter according to claim 27, wherein the
expandable panel assembly is configured to accommodate truck widths
ranging from about 8' to about 8'6" and wherein the trucks may be
parked up to 6" off-center.
29. A dock seal apparatus for mounting on a dock wall and for
sealingly engaging a truck parked at a loading dock, comprising: a
first expandable panel assembly directly or indirectly mountable to
the dock wall and configured to sealingly engage trucks of varying
widths, comprising: a rear panel means; a front panel means; and, a
sealing member means located at an edge of said front panel means,
wherein said front panel means is operably coupled to said rear
panel means such that said front panel means deflects toward the
dock wall opening when said expandable panel assembly is engaged by
the vehicle, and said rear panel means is adapted to be operably
coupled to the dock wall such that said rear panel means moves
toward the dock wall opening when said expandable panel assembly is
engaged by a sufficiently narrow vehicle and remains substantially
unmoved or moves away from the dock wall when said expandable panel
assembly is engaged by a sufficiently wide vehicle.
30. A dock seal apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said front
panel means is operably coupled to said rear panel means by a hinge
means.
31. A dock seal apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said hinge
means biases said front panel away from the dock wall opening.
32. A dock seal apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said first
expandable panel assembly is sized to mount along a first vertical
side of the dock wall opening.
33. A dock seal according to claim 32, further comprising a second
expandable panel assembly sized to mount along a second vertical
side of the dock wall.
34. A dock seal according to claim 33, further comprising a top
portion panel assembly sized to mount along a horizontal side of
the dock wall.
35. A dock seal according to claim 34, wherein the top portion
panel assembly comprises: a top rear panel means; a top front panel
means; and a top sealing member means located at an edge of said
top front panel means, wherein said top front panel means is
operably coupled to said top rear panel means such that said top
front panel means deflects toward the dock wall opening when said
top portion panel assembly is engaged by the vehicle, and said top
rear panel means is mountable along horizontal side of the dock
wall opening.
36. A dock seal according to claim 35, further comprising a first
corner panel adapted to overlap said top portion panel assembly and
said first expandable panel assembly when mounted, and a second
corner seal adapted to overlap said top portion panel assembly and
said second expandable panel assembly when mounted.
37. A method of providing shelter about the end of a vehicle body
parked at a dock opening, comprising: installing a first panel
assembly to a first vertical side of the dock opening, the first
panel assembly comprising: a first front panel and a first rear
panel, wherein said first front panel is adapted for essentially
pivotal movement relative to said first rear panel about a first
axis; wherein installing the first panel assembly comprises
flexibly mounting the first rear panel to the dock wall; and,
installing a second panel assembly to a second vertical side of the
dock opening, the second panel assembly comprising: a second front
panel and a second rear panel, wherein said second front panel is
adapted for essentially pivotal movement relative to said second
rear panel about a second axis; wherein installing the second panel
assembly comprises flexibly mounting the second rear panel to the
dock wall.
38. A method according to claim 37, wherein the first panel
assembly is indirectly mounted to the dock wall.
39. A method according to claim 37, wherein the first axis of
rotation and the second axis of rotation are substantially
perpendicular to the dock floor and substantially parallel to one
another.
40. A method according to claim 37, further comprising installing a
top portion assembly along a top horizontal side of the dock wall
opening.
41. A method according to claim 40, wherein the top portion
assembly comprises a top front panel and a top rear panel, wherein
said top front panel is adapted for essentially pivotal movement
relative to said top rear panel about a first axis.
42. A panel assembly according to claim 16, wherein said seal
member comprises as serrated portion.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to an apparatus and
method for sheltering vehicles parked at loading docks. More
particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and
method for sheltering vehicles of varying widths and heights that
are parked on or off-center at loading docks.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] In the loading and off-loading of vehicles such as a
semi-trailer trucks, it can be beneficial to shelter or seal the
area between the dock and trailer against the environment. For
example, when a loading dock door is opened to gain access to a
vehicle, there is potential for exchange of inside and outside air
that contributes to energy loss. At other times, inclement weather
may contribute to slush, snow, or ice being collected on the
vehicle which may flow around the sides and over the top of the
vehicle onto the dock area, creating a hazard for service
personnel. A similar effect can occur while the truck is parked at
a dock and waiting to be loaded or unloaded, when a rain, wind, or
snow storm begins.
[0003] Typical dock shelter designs include a rigid frame and
fabric curtains. Typical dock seal designs include a foam pad which
is covered with a fabric exterior. Such designs can experience
energy loss when mounted to a dock having inclined or declined
driveways. For example, when a truck backs down a declined
driveway, the top of the truck will engage the shelter prior to the
top of the truck. Because the shelters have rigid, inflexible (or
relatively inflexible) frames, the sealing effectiveness will be
diminished, or a gap may form at the bottom of the shelter. Also,
when a truck backs into a dock seal, the same scenario will occur.
To accommodate this situation, dock shelters and seals must be
custom-made, including a frame assembly or foam that has a tapered
profile (e.g. the frame or foam may protrude farther from the dock
wall at the bottom of the shelter or seal than at the top).
Further, the fabric material is subject to wear from abrasion
during engagement and disengagement of vehicles.
[0004] Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a method and
apparatus for sheltering or sealing the area between the dock and
vehicle from the environment, which is versatile in that a single
unit can be manufactured which accommodates docks having level,
inclined, or declined driveways. Further, it would be desirable to
provide such an apparatus, which is durable, e.g. is designed to
minimize abrasion and wear of the apparatus. It would also be
desirable to provide such an apparatus, which can accommodate
vehicles of varying widths and heights, as well as vehicles which
park off-center in the dock driveway.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] The foregoing needs are met, to a great extent, by the
present invention, wherein in one aspect an apparatus is provided
that includes a "self-tapering" feature, the exterior of which may
be more durable than some conventional fabric shelters, and which
can accommodate vehicles of varying widths and heights, or vehicles
which park off-center in the dock driveway. By "self-tapering," it
is meant that a single shelter or seal apparatus can accommodate
docks having level, inclined, or declined driveways. The need for
custom-made frames or foam to accommodate each of these conditions
is therefore alleviated or eliminated. In some embodiments, the
"self-tapering" feature is accomplished by using a material which
is rigid, but when used in a large structure, is flexible to serve
as the frame assembly. That is, the material from which the dock
shelter or seal is made can adjust its shape when a vehicle backs
into it on an incline or decline, alleviating or eliminating the
need for a custom-made tapered shelter or seal. For example, if a
vehicle backs in on a decline, the dock shelter or seal will bow at
the top more than at the bottom. Further, unlike many conventional
dock shelters, which have a frame assembly and fabric curtains, the
frame and fabric curtains can be one in the same in some
embodiments of the present invention. In other words, the frame
need not be covered by additional fabric material. Also, the frame
assembly itself may be made from a material which is durable,
resisting abrasion.
[0006] In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention,
a panel assembly for mounting along an opening to a dock wall is
provided. The panel assembly includes a first and second panel
adapted for essentially pivotal movement relative to one another.
The first panel can be mounted to the dock wall and is adapted for
essentially pivotal movement relative to the dock wall.
[0007] It should be understood, from hereonin, that the term
"mountable" or "mounted" is intended to be interchangeable with the
phrase "directly or indirectly mountable" and "directly or
indirectly mounted." Thus, for example, specifying that the first
panel is mountable or can be mounted to the dock wall means both
that it can be directly mounted to the dock wall (e.g. by a hinge
mechanism), or else it can be indirectly mounted to the dock wall
(e.g. it can be mounted to a frame which is in turn mounted to the
dock wall). It should be also understood, from hereonin, that
"essentially pivotal movement" includes flexible movement about an
axis that may not be purely rotational, as well as rotational
movement. For example "essentially pivotal movement" may result
from the first panel being mounted to the dock wall by a flexible
bracket, or may result from the first panel being mounted to the
dock wall by a hinge.
[0008] In some embodiments, the first panel and second panel each
have a castellated edge that interlock to form a hinge joint. In
some embodiments, the panel assembly includes a hinge assembly that
biases the panel assembly to an open position (i.e. to a position
in which the first panel and second panel are apart rather than
together). In some embodiments the panels are made from blow molded
plastics. In some embodiments, the panel assembly also includes a
seal portion, which may be an elastomeric portion in the shape of a
hook and which engages the back of a truck backing into the loading
dock.
[0009] It should be understood that the "seal portion," also
referred to as a "seal member," need not completely eliminate
environmental intrusion. Rather, it is intended that apparatus with
seal portions are more effective at reducing or eliminating
environmental intrusion than those without seal portions.
Similarly, when the words "to seal" is used, or the phrase
"sealingly engages" is used, or the like, it is not intended that
environmental intrusion is necessarily eliminated. Rather it is
intended that environmental intrusion is at least hindered or
reduced compared to devices which do not seal.
[0010] In accordance with another embodiment of the present
invention, a dock shelter or seal apparatus is provided having at
least one panel assembly. The panel assembly includes a first and
second panel, wherein the second panel is adapted for pivotal
movement about a first axis relative to the first panel, and the
first panel is mountable to one vertical side of the dock wall
opening. In some embodiments the dock shelter or seal includes a
second panel assembly similar to the first panel assembly, but is
adapted to be mounted to the opposite vertical side of the dock
wall opening. In such embodiments, the combination of the first and
second panel assemblies form an expandable dual panel assembly,
i.e. the dual panel assembly, in operation, can accommodate trucks
of varying widths and/or which park off-center in the dock
driveway. In some embodiments the dock shelter includes first and
second panel assemblies as well as a head curtain. The head curtain
can be constructed similarly to the side panel assemblies or it can
be a conventional head curtain or other head curtain known in the
art.
[0011] In accordance with still another embodiment of the present
invention, a dock seal apparatus is provided which includes a first
expandable panel assembly mountable to the dock wall and is
configured to sealingly engage trucks of varying widths. The
expandable panel assembly comprises a first panel means, a second
panel means, and a sealing member means. The second panel means is
operably coupled to the first panel means such that the second
panel means deflects toward the dock wall opening when the first
expandable panel assembly is engaged by a vehicle backing into the
dock. The first panel means is adapted to be operably coupled to
the dock wall such that the first expandable panel assembly can
accommodate trucks of varying widths. Specifically, when a narrower
vehicle backs into the loading dock and engages the first
expandable panel assembly, the first panel means deflects inwardly,
toward the dock wall opening. On the other hand, when a wider
vehicle backs into the loading dock and engages the first
expandable panel assembly, the first panel means remains
essentially stationary (i.e. remains essentially perpendicular to
the dock wall) and may even deflect outwardly, away from the dock
wall opening. The sealing member means is either integral with or
attached to the second panel means and engages the back of a
vehicle backing into the dock.
[0012] In accordance with yet another embodiment of the present
invention, a method for sheltering the area between the end of a
vehicle parked at a dock and a dock is provided. The method
includes installing first and second panel assemblies, wherein the
panel assemblies each have a first panel and a second panel, the
second panel is adapted for pivotal movement relative to the first
panel. Installation is accomplished by flexibly mounting the first
panel to the dock wall. "Flexibly mounting" means, from hereonin,
that the mounting structure enables the first panel to deflect
toward or away from the dock opening in response to the second
panel engaging a vehicle.
[0013] There has thus been outlined, rather broadly, certain
embodiments of the invention in order that the detailed description
thereof herein may be better understood, and in order that the
present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There
are, of course, additional embodiments of the invention that will
be described below and which will form the subject matter of the
claims appended hereto.
[0014] In this respect, before explaining at least one embodiment
of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the
invention is not limited in its application to the details of
construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in
the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The
invention is capable of embodiments in addition to those described
and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is
to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed
herein, as well as the abstract, are for the purpose of description
and should not be regarded as limiting.
[0015] As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
conception upon which this disclosure is based may readily be
utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods
and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present
invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded
as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not
depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a combined dock
seal and shelter apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of
the invention.
[0017] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a combined dock seal and
shelter apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the
invention.
[0018] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a combined dock seal and
shelter apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the
invention.
[0019] FIG. 4 is a top view of a side panel assembly in accordance
with one embodiment of the invention.
[0020] FIG. 5 is a top detail view of the seal portion of the panel
assembly of FIG. 4 shown engaged to the back of a vehicle parked at
a loading dock.
[0021] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary corner seal assembly
suitable for use with a dock seal or shelter according to the
present invention.
[0022] FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic representation of a panel assembly
according to an embodiment of the invention engaged with a wide and
a narrow vehicle.
[0023] FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic representation of an expandable
panel assembly engaged to a vehicle parked off-center in a driveway
of a loading dock.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The present invention provides a panel assembly suitable for
use in dock shelters and seals, which in some embodiments can
accommodate vehicles of varying widths, vehicles parked off-center
in the dock driveway, and which can be made from more durable
materials than typical dock seals and shelters having fabric
covered foam and fabric curtains. In some embodiments, a panel
assembly according to the present invention is provided having two
axes of rotation, one within the panel assembly, and one at or near
an edge of the panel assembly which will be mounted to the dock
wall. Specifically, the panel assembly has two panels joined at an
axis of rotation, and the panel assembly is further adapted to be
pivotally mounted to the dock wall. This dual axis of rotation
configuration enables the panel assembly to expand and contract to
accommodate vehicles of varying widths, and vehicles parked
off-center. Further, providing an axis of rotation within the panel
assembly enables the panels to be made from more rigid (i.e. more
durable) materials than dock shelters which have fabric curtains
lacking the inner axis of rotation.
[0025] Although the apparatus described herein is particularly
well-suited for use with a loading dock on a warehouse or the like,
the teachings of the instant invention are not limited to any
particular environment of use; rather, for example, the invention
can be employed with virtually any structure adjacent a parking
area where the creation of a seal with a vehicle is desired.
[0026] The invention will now be described with reference to the
drawing figures, in which like reference numerals refer to like
parts throughout. FIG. 1 illustrates a combined dock shelter and
seal 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, mounted
adjacent to the wall 1 alongside a conventional loading dock
opening 2, normally provided in warehouses, truck terminals,
manufacturing plants and the like where materials and products are
received and/or dispatched by trucks. The dock shelter and seal 10
includes an expandable panel assembly 11 mounted along either
vertical side of the dock wall opening 2, a top portion 3 mounted
along the top horizontal side of the dock wall opening 2, and
optional draft pads 16 located at the base of the structure 10. The
top portion 3 in this embodiment is a hood 14, which may be
disposed outside the expandable panel assembly 11 as shown in FIG.
1, or it may be disposed inside or above the expandable panel
assembly 11. For ease in description, the structure 11, comprising
the two structures 12, will be referred to as an expandable panel
assembly, whereas structures 12 will be referred to only as panel
assemblies. However, it should be understood that panel assemblies
12 are expandable, consistent with the use of that term in this
specification, and thus are "expandable panel assemblies".
[0027] The structure 11 includes two panel assemblies 12. Each
panel assembly 12 includes a first panel 18 and a second panel 20
and an optional seal member 22. The optional seal member may
contain a serrated area 23 that will deflect easily (i.e., more
easily than the seal member 22) so when the roof of a truck
contacts the serrated area 23, the serrated area 23 deflects and
moves out of the way to allow the seal member 22 to contact the
entire length of the side of the truck. The serrated area 23 is
positioned along the seal member so it will accommodate trucks of
varying heights. The serrated area 23 may be made from cutting
slits in the seal member 22 or it may be a brush type seal that is
mounted in conjunction with the seal member 22. The panel
assemblies 12 can also include ribs (not shown) in different areas
of the panels and/or different orientations, as is known in the
art, to aid in controlling the rigidity and bending of the panels
18, 20.
[0028] Both the first panel 18 and the second panel 20 are
generally equal in length and are preferably sized to extend at
least the entire length of the dock opening 2. However, panels 18,
20 may be shorter or longer than the length of the dock opening 2.
Moreover, the panels 18, 20 are not necessarily unitary pieces as
shown, but may be assembled from smaller panel portions. Such an
embodiment may be preferable if the panels 18, 20 are shipped and
assembled together in the field.
[0029] The panels 18, 20 are preferably provided by materials which
are rigid, but become somewhat flexible when used in a large
structure (i.e., the panels will deflect or deform when certain
loads are applied). For example, the panels 18, 20 could be made
from polyethylene sheets, which have a very low coefficient of
friction. The panels 18, 20 could also be made from materials used
in conventional dock seals and shelters. Preferably, the panels
18,20 are made from more rigid and more durable materials than
those used in conventional seals and shelters having fabric
curtains and covers. The panels 18, 20 are preferably made by blow
molding or rotational molding. However, they could also be made by
thermoforming or extrusion processes.
[0030] The second panel 20 is adapted for substantially pivotal
movement relative to the first panel 18 about a first axis 24. In
the illustrated embodiment, this is accomplished by a hinge joint
26 formed by interlocking the first and second curtain panels 18,
20. Specifically, the second panel 20 has a castellated rear end 28
and the first panel 20 has a complementary castellated front end
30.
[0031] The first panel 18 is adapted to be directly attached to the
dock wall 1 or indirectly attached to the dock wall 1, for example
by attachment to a frame assembly (not shown). The first panel 18
may be anchored rigidly in place or flexibly by any means known in
the art, including by bolts, nuts, washers, nails, screws, and
hinges. Preferably, the first panel 18 is flexibly mounted, that is
it is adapted for essentially pivotal movement relative to the dock
wall 1 so that the expandable panel assembly 11 can expand (i.e.
the first panels 18 can deflect away from the dock opening) or
contract (i.e. the first panels 18 can deflect toward the dock
opening) to accommodate trucks of varying widths and trucks which
park off-center in the dock driveway.
[0032] FIG. 2 illustrates a combined dock shelter and seal 10 with
a compressible head pad 15. In this embodiment, the compressible
head pad 15 is disposed between both panel assemblies 12. The
compressible head pad 15 is preferably made from a polyurethane
foam covered with fabric. As a truck backs into the expandable
panel assembly 11, the second panel 20 is allowed to deflect
towards the dock wall because of the compressible nature of the
head pad 15. In order to help prevent the infiltration of rain or
outside weather, a top seal 16 is positioned at the top and between
both sets of first and second panels 18, 20 of the expandable panel
assembly 11. The top seal 16 can be made from fabric or elastameric
material which can expand or contract, or it can be made from a
more rigid material such as a polyethylene sheet that can be
fastened to the top of one of the panels, 18 or 20 and is allowed
to slide on top of the other panel while still maintaining contact
with not only the other panel but also the top of the head pad 15.
Also, in this embodiment, the sealing member 22 may again contain a
serrated area 23 (not shown).
[0033] FIG. 3 illustrates yet another embodiment of a combined dock
shelter and seal 10 with a compressible head pad 15. In this
embodiment, the compressible head pad 15 is disposed on top and
between the panel assemblies 12. As shown in FIG. 3, there is wiper
seal 17 that is in slidable contact with the bottom surface of the
head pad 15. Since the wiper seal 17 remains in contact with the
bottom surface of the head pad, a seal is maintained between the
bottom of the head pad 15 and the expandable panel assembly 11.
[0034] FIG. 4 is a detailed top view of the panel assemblies 12 of
FIG. 1, shown mounted to a dock wall 1, alongside the opening 2 in
the dock wall 1. As discussed above, the illustrated panel
assemblies 12 include a first panel 18, a second panel 20, and an
optional seal portion 22. The second panel 20 is pivotally
connected to the first panel 18 forming the hinge joint 26. In the
illustrated embodiment, the hinge joint 26 is formed by
interlocking the second panel 20 with the first panel 18, as
described above, and by inserting a stay 40 lengthwise, from top to
bottom through the panel/panel interface region. Stay 40 is
preferably a spring, for example a fiberglass composite spring. In
other words, stay 40 provides a torsional spring force such that
when the second panel 20 is engaged by a vehicle backing into the
dock, the stay provides a counterforce.
[0035] The position of the stay within the hinge area is chosen
such that the panel assembly is held in an "open" position, and so
the second panel 20 will also project into the path of a vehicle
backing into the dock and thereby engage the vehicle. It should be
understood that the term "open" means that the interior face (i.e.
the side closer to the dock opening) of panels 18, 20 are held in
position away from each other rather than next to each other.
"Open," however, does not necessarily mean that the panels 18, 20
form a 180 degree angle. In fact, it is preferable that the second
panel 20 is mounted at an approximate right angle to the dock wall
and such that the interior face of panels 18, 20 form a smaller
angle than 180 degrees such that the second panel 20 is held in a
position where a vehicle backing into the loading dock can engage
the second panel 20. Because of the torsional spring force that the
stay can exert, the panel assembly 12 is biased to the open
position when a vehicle backs into the dock and engages the second
panel 20.
[0036] The panel 18 panel 20 interface region (or hinge joint
region 26) can include a backing member 32. The backing member 32
shown is intended to help seal the panel assembly at the interface
region from environmental intrusion. For example, gaps in the panel
assembly may be present in the hinge region allowing air to enter
and escape.
[0037] Alternatively, the backing member 32 can also be a "spring."
The term "spring" is used broadly to encompass any biasing member.
For example, with respect to the backing member, a spring is any
device that biases the curtain panels 18, 20 either toward or away
from one another. In some embodiments, the spring 32 can hold the
panel assembly 12 in an open position and further bias the panel
assembly 12 to that open position when a vehicle backing into the
dock engages the panel assembly 12.
[0038] In the embodiment shown, the backing member 32 is an
elastomer, rubber material, or fabric positioned on the interior
face of the panels 18, 20 behind the hinge joint 26. As shown, the
backing member 32 is held in place by positioning it between
recessed portions 34 of each curtain panel 18, 20 and is caulked in
place. The material for the backing member 32 can be, for example a
22 oz. vinyl fabric. However, the backing member 32 can be any
other material or device that can operate to seal the curtain
assembly at the hinge region. The backing member 32 may run along
the entire height of the panel assembly 12, or may run only along a
portion of the height of the panel assembly 12. Also, there may be
one or more than one backing member 32 in each panel assembly
12.
[0039] Alternatively, the hinge joint 26 itself may not provide any
spring force, but instead the backing member 32 may be a spring.
For example, the hinge region 26 may be similar to a door hinge
mechanism, preferably with a seal provided in between, and the
backing member 32 provides the spring force. In such a case, the
backing member (or spring) 32 can be any material that provides a
spring force, such as an elastomeric, rubber material, fiberglass
composite, or spring steel. As another example, the spring 32 could
be triangular foam blocks. As well, both the hinge joint 26 and the
backing member 32 could operate as springs.
[0040] The first panel 18 is adapted for essentially pivotal
movement relative the dock wall 2 as shown. In the embodiment
shown, the first panel 18 is flexibly mounted directly to the dock
wall using an L-shaped spring 36. The spring 36 is an elastomer
extrusion or rubber material cut to length. The spring 36 could be
a fiberglass composite material or could be made from spring steel
or the like. The first panel 18, however, could be mounted by other
methods as well. For example, the first panel 18 could have a
mounting angle thermoformed into it and rely on a base material to
provide spring force. Or else, as another example, the first panel
18 could be mounted using a hinge. Preferably, the hinge either
itself or in conjunction with a backing member, provide a biasing
force. Preferably, the mounting choice and biasing force are chosen
so that the panel assemblies, when installed, can cooperate to
deflect as necessary to accommodate both 8 foot wide and 8 foot 6
inch wide trucks when parked up to 6" off-center in the dock
driveway.
[0041] Although in the illustrated embodiment, panel assemblies 12
are shown mounted directly to the dock wall, the panel assemblies
12 may also be mounted indirectly to the dock wall. For example,
the panel assemblies 12 may be mounted to a frame or other
structure which in turn is mounted to the dock wall.
[0042] The seal member 22 is shown in detail in FIG. 5, engaged to
the back of a vehicle. The seal member 22 is a U-shaped, or hook
shaped, assembly comprised of a portion of the edge of the second
panel 20, which is formed in a bent shape, in addition to a
separate seal strip 38 bolted to the panel 20. The U-shape assists
engagement with the back of a vehicle to thereby form a seal.
Therefore, it is preferable that the size and shape of the seal
member is chosen to engage the interior edge of the truck wall 5,
as shown in FIG. 5. Although the embodiment shown is a seal member
22 that includes both a portion integral with the second panel 20
as well as a portion separate but attached to the second panel, the
seal member 22 may be completely integral with the second panel 20,
or else it may be completely a separate portion from the second
panel 20.
[0043] The top portion 3 can be, for example, a conventional hood
14, such as shown in FIG. 1, a compressible head pad 15 positioned
either above or inside the panel assemblies, as shown in FIGS. 2
and 3 or it can be similar to the panel assembly 12, described
above, but configured for mounting horizontally rather than
vertically. If the top portion 3 is configured similarly to panel
assembly 12, preferably the dock shelter or seal includes a corner
seal assembly 42, an example of which is shown in FIG. 6, where the
top portion 3 and panel assemblies meet. Thus, as shown in FIG. 6,
in some embodiments, the top edge of each panel assembly 12 and
each side edge of the top portion 3 are cut at approximately a 45
degree angle, so the edges meet to form a joint like that in a
"picture frame." To alleviate environmental intrusion, which may
occur if a vehicle backing into the dock causes the edge of the
panel assembly 12 and top portion 3 to move apart, a corner seal
assembly 42 is provided. The illustrated corner seal assembly 42
includes a flexible material portion 44, a stiff body portion 46,
and an elastomeric or fabric seal 48 on either edge of the stiff
body portion 46. The flexible material portion 44 is mounted at or
near the corner of the dock shelter and is attached to the stiff
body portion 46. The stiff body portion 46 "floats" on the dock
shelter 10 and is not attached (other than via the flexible
material) to the dock shelter. This design should enable the corner
seal to alleviate environmental intrusion even when the interface
between the head curtain and side curtain assembly opens
asymmetrically.
[0044] FIG. 7 illustrates the operation of a panel assembly 12 when
engaging both a narrow (e.g. 8 foot wide) truck, and a wide (e.g. 8
foot 6 inch wide) truck. As is shown, the back of the truck engages
the second panel 20. Specifically, the seal member 22 wraps around
the back edge of the truck. As the truck backs up, the second panel
20 and first panel 18 rotate or flex as needed to stay engaged with
the truck and form a seal. As is shown, in the case of a narrow
truck, the first panel 18 flexes inwardly (i.e. toward the dock
opening) to a greater degree than in the case of a wide truck
backing into the dock. By contrast, the second panel 20 flexes
inwardly to a greater degree in the case of a wide truck than a
narrow truck.
[0045] FIG. 8 illustrates operation of the expandable panel
assembly 11 when a truck backs into the dock but is off-center in
the driveway. As the diagram indicates, embodiments according to
the present invention allow each panel assembly 12 to independently
react to engagement with the truck. Thus, on the side where the
truck is further from panel assembly 12, the panel assembly 12
operates similarly to when a narrower truck backed into the
driveway. And, on the side where the truck is closer to the panel
assembly 12, the panel assembly 12 operates similarly to the case
where a wide truck backs into the driveway.
[0046] The many features and advantages of the invention are
apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended
by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of
the invention which fall within the true spirit and scope of the
invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations
will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired
to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation
illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable
modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within
the scope of the invention.
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