U.S. patent application number 10/789927 was filed with the patent office on 2004-12-23 for cutting insert and use thereof, and a cutting insert especially for turning aluminum.
Invention is credited to Penkert, Werner.
Application Number | 20040258491 10/789927 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 7696829 |
Filed Date | 2004-12-23 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040258491 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Penkert, Werner |
December 23, 2004 |
Cutting insert and use thereof, and a cutting insert especially for
turning aluminum
Abstract
A cutting insert made of cemented carbide and the use thereof
for recessing or copy-turning, preferably at a high rotating speed.
The cutting insert has at least one recess for insertion therein of
a cutting body comprising a cutting material different from
cemented carbide to form a firm connection, the cutting body having
a cutting edge formed thereon. The cutting insert has high
mechanical strength even with small dimensions in the
high-temperature range because the cutting body comprises a ceramic
cutting material and has a geometric shape at least a portion of
which is congruent with the geometric shape of the recess. The
abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as required by 37
C.F.R. .sctn.1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R. .sctn.1.72(b): "A
brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the specification
must commence on a separate sheet, preferably following the claims,
under the heading "Abstract of the Disclosure." The purpose of the
abstract is to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the
public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the
nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract shall not
be used for interpreting the scope of the claims."Therefore, any
statements made relating to the abstract are not intended to limit
the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting
the claims in any manner.
Inventors: |
Penkert, Werner;
(Schwanstetten, DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
KENNAMETAL INC.
P.O. BOX 231
1600 TECHNOLOGY WAY
LATROBE
PA
15650
US
|
Family ID: |
7696829 |
Appl. No.: |
10/789927 |
Filed: |
February 27, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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10789927 |
Feb 27, 2004 |
|
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PCT/IB02/03374 |
Aug 21, 2002 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
407/113 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B23B 2240/08 20130101;
B23B 2222/28 20130101; Y10T 407/26 20150115; B23B 2265/34 20130101;
B23B 2226/18 20130101; Y10T 82/10 20150115; Y10T 407/23 20150115;
B23B 2220/12 20130101; B23B 2240/21 20130101; B23B 27/06
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
407/113 |
International
Class: |
B23B 001/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 28, 2001 |
DE |
101 42 049.8 |
Claims
1. A cutting insert, such as for turning aluminum, comprising: a
base body comprising cemented carbide; at least one cutting body
comprising ceramic material; said base body comprising at least one
recess; said at least one recess being configured to receive said
at least one cutting body; said at least one cutting body being
joined to said base body; said at least one cutting body having a
geometric shape; said at least one recess having a geometric shape;
and at least a portion of the geometric shape of said at least one
cutting body being congruent with the geometric shape of said at
least one recess.
2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the geometric
shape of said at least one ceramic cutting body is the shape of a
circular truncated cone.
3. The cutting insert according to claim 2, wherein: said at least
one ceramic cutting body has a first end surface and a second
surface disposed at opposite ends of said truncated cone; said
first end surface is smaller in diameter than said second end
surface; said at least one recess comprises a bottom surface and a
side surface disposed substantially transverse to said bottom
surface; said first end surface is attached to said bottom surface
of said at least one recess; and said second end surface comprises
a cutting edge formed at the exposed circular perimeter edge of
said second end surface of the circular truncated cone and extends
in the shape of a partial circle.
4. The cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein the circular
truncated cone is a perpendicular circular truncated cone.
5. The cutting insert according to claim 4, wherein said cutting
edge comprises a partial circle of at least 200.degree..
6. The cutting insert according to claim 5, wherein said cutting
edge comprises a partial circle of not more than 230.degree..
7. The cutting insert according to claim 6, wherein said cutting
insert defines a clearance angle of <10.degree..
8. The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein said clearance
angle is 7.+-.2.degree..
9. The cutting insert according to claim 8, wherein said at least
one cutting body is bonded or brazed into said at least one
recess.
10. The cutting insert according to claim 9, wherein said base body
comprises at least one groove extending transversely to the
longitudinal axis of said cutting insert for fastening said cutting
insert to a toolholder.
11. The cutting insert according to claim 10, wherein said at least
one groove is defined on either side by raised portions extending
substantially parallel to said at least one groove.
12. The cutting insert according to claim 11, wherein said cutting
insert is configured as an indexable insert.
13. The cutting insert according to claim 12, wherein said
indexable cutting insert is fitted with two, three, or four cutting
bodies.
14. The cutting insert according to claim 13, wherein the maximum
diameter of said at least one cutting body is in the range of
4.+-.0.05 mm to 10.+-.0.05 mm.
15-16. (Canceled).
17. A cutting insert comprising: a base body comprising cemented
carbide; at least one cutting body comprising ceramic material;
said at least one cutting body comprising a cutting edge to cut
into metal; and said at least one cutting body being joined to said
base body.
18. The cutting insert according to claim 17, wherein: said base
body comprises at least one recess; said at least one recess being
configured to receive said at least one cutting body; said at least
one recess is substantially, congruently shaped with respect to at
least a portion of said at least one ceramic cutting body; said at
least one ceramic cutting body is in the shape of a circular
truncated cone; said at least one ceramic cutting body has a first
end surface and a second surface disposed at opposite ends of said
truncated cone; said first end surface is smaller in diameter than
said second end surface; said at least one recess comprises a
bottom surface and a side surface disposed substantially transverse
to said bottom surface; said first end surface is attached to said
bottom surface of said at least one recess; said second end surface
comprises a cutting edge formed at the exposed circular perimeter
edge of said second end surface of the circular truncated cone and
extends in the shape of a partial circle; said cutting edge
comprises a partial circle of at least 2000 and not more than
230.degree.; said cutting insert defines a clearance angle of one
of (A) and (B): (A) <10.degree.; and (B) 7.+-.2.degree.; said at
least one cutting body is bonded or brazed into said at least one
recess; said base body comprises at least one groove extending
transversely to the longitudinal axis of said cutting insert for
fastening said cutting insert to a toolholder; said at least one
groove is defined on either side by raised portions extending
substantially parallel to said at least one groove; said cutting
insert is configured as an indexable insert; said indexable cutting
insert is fitted with two, three, or four cutting bodies; and the
maximum diameter of said at least one cutting body is in the range
of 4.+-.0.05 mm to 10.+-.0.05 mm.
19. A method of using a cutting insert comprising: a base body
comprising cemented carbide; at least one cutting body comprising
ceramic material; said base body comprising at least one recess;
said at least one recess being configured to receive said at least
one cutting body; and said at least one cutting body being joined
to said base body.; said method comprising the step of: recessing
or copy-turning a workpiece, in particular at a high rotating
speed.
20. The method according to claim 19, wherein said step of
recessing or copy-turning comprises recessing or copy-turning light
alloy workpieces, in particular workpieces made of aluminum or
aluminum alloys.
21. The cutting insert according to claim 17, wherein the geometric
shape of said at least one ceramic cutting body is the shape of a
circular truncated cone.
22. The cutting insert according to claim 21, wherein: said base
body comprises at least one recess; said at least one recess is
configured to receive said at least one cutting body; said at least
one recess is substantially, congruently shaped with respect to at
least a portion of said at least one ceramic cutting body; said at
least one ceramic cutting body has a first end surface and a second
surface disposed at opposite ends of said truncated cone; said
first end surface is smaller in diameter than said second end
surface; said at least one recess comprises a bottom surface and a
side surface disposed substantially transverse to said bottom
surface; said first end surface is attached to said bottom surface
of said at least one recess; and said second end surface comprises
a cutting edge formed at the exposed circular perimeter edge of
said second end surface of the circular truncated cone and extends
in the shape of a partial circle.
Description
[0001] This application is a Continuation-In-Part application of
International Patent Application No. PCT/IB02/03374, filed on Aug.
21, 2002, which claims priority from Federal Republic of Germany
Patent Application No. 101 42 049.8, filed on Aug. 28, 2001.
International Patent Application No. PCT/IB02/03374 was pending as
of the filing date of this application. The United States was an
elected state in International Patent Application No.
PCT/IB02/03374.
BACKGROUND
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present application relates to a cutting insert made of
cemented carbide having at least one recess for insertion therein
of a cutting body consisting of a cutting material different from
cemented carbide to form a firm connection, the cutting body having
formed a cutting edge thereon.
[0004] 2. Background Information
[0005] Cutting inserts of this type are known from U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,369,283 and 4,201,501 and from EP-B1-0 431 009, for example.
[0006] These prior cutting inserts consist of a cemented carbide
based on tungsten carbide, the binder metal for the hard component
being cobalt, nickel and/or iron in most cases, and the cutting
body inserted in a recess of the cutting insert is made of a
polycrystalline material, such as, e.g. diamond or cubic boron
nitride. The polycrystalline material is bonded into the recess of
the cutting insert with the aid of a suitable adhesive or is brazed
into it. Suitable adhesives and brazing materials are commercially
available.
[0007] In addition, cutting inserts have long been known which are
made either of cemented carbide only or of a ceramic cutting
material only.
[0008] While ceramic cutting inserts are basically more suitably
used for high-temperature applications, i.e. for metal cutting of
workpieces in the high-speed range, than cemented carbide cutting
inserts, the lower transverse rupture strength of the ceramic
cutting inserts becomes noticeable increasingly more negatively as
the dimensions of the cutting inserts become smaller. For this
reason it had so far not been possible to manufacture tools from a
high-temperature resistant ceramic material which have a very small
cutoff width or a very small radius for copy-turning in the
high-speed range. On the other hand, it had so far not been
possible to manufacture useful indexable inserts made of solid
cemented carbide and having very small dimensions and
simultaneously highly complex shapes.
OBJECT OR OBJECTS
[0009] Accordingly, one possible object of the present invention is
to provide cutting inserts which are particularly suitable for
high-speed metal cutting operations, that is, are especially
heat-resistant, while nonetheless exhibiting a very high mechanical
strength, so that even very small cutting bodies having a very
small cutoff width or a very small radius can be manufactured which
have a sufficient tool life.
SUMMARY
[0010] This object is achieved in accordance with one possible
embodiment in a cutting insert of the kind mentioned at the outset
in that the cutting body consists of a ceramic cutting material and
has a geometric shape, at least a portion of which is congruent
with the geometric shape of the recess.
[0011] In the cutting insert in accordance with one possible
embodiment, the high-temperature characteristics of a ceramic
cutting body are combined with the advantages of a carrier of solid
cemented carbide. The special mutual matching of the geometric
shape of the ceramic cutting body, which is configured in the
nature of a male mold, and the geometric shape of the recess in the
cemented carbide insert, formed in the nature of a female mold
adapted thereto, results in a high mechanical stiffness of the
composite structure formed of the two bodies, which has an
advantageous effect in particular in high-speed machining of
workpieces associated with high and extremely high
temperatures.
[0012] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the cutting
insert, the ceramic cutting body has the shape of a circular
truncated cone, preferably a perpendicular circular truncated cone.
This shape results in an especially stable conical seat of the
ceramic cutting body in the cemented carbide cutting insert and
therefore an optimum support and connection of the two bodies
consisting of different materials.
[0013] Preferably, the ceramic cutting body has a smaller base
surface which is attached to the bottom of the recess, while the
cutting edge is formed at the exposed circular arc of the larger
base surface of the circular truncated cone and extends in the
shape of a partial circle. This design results in an optimum ratio
between rake faces and flank faces and, hence, an excellent
suitability of the cutting insert for the manufacture of indexable
inserts which have many uses and are in particular suitable for
tools having a very small cutoff width or a very small radius.
[0014] The cutting edge preferably comprises a partial circle of at
least 200.degree., but of not more than 230.degree.. If the partial
circle on which the cutting edge lies circumscribes less than
200.degree., the effective overall length of the cutting edge is
too short for general purpose employment, whereas if the partial
circle circumscribes more than 230.degree., the remaining residual
surface of the lateral area of the truncated cone serving for the
mechanical connection and attachment of the two bodies is too small
to ensure a sufficient mechanical strength of the composite
structure.
[0015] The cone angle for the circular truncated cone is preferably
selected such that the clearance angle (a) below the cutting edge
is less than 100 and, particularly preferably, about
7.+-.2.degree..
[0016] The cutting body is preferably bonded or brazed into the
recess. Suitable adhesives on the basis of epoxy resin or acrylic
resin or other high-temperature resistant adhesives are known and
familiar to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the cutting insert, at least
one groove extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the
cutting insert is provided for fastening the cutting insert to a
conventional toolholder. In order to attain a substantially
immovable, geometrically precisely definable seating of the cutting
insert in a toolholder provided therefor, it is advantageous if the
at least one groove is defined on either side by raised portions
extending parallel to the groove, so as to allow a positive
engagement with the fastening means provided therefor of the
toolholder.
[0018] In one embodiment, the cutting insert is preferably
configured as an indexable insert, such indexable insert having, in
a particularly preferred embodiment, two to four cutting
bodies.
[0019] In a particularly advantageous embodiment the maximum
diameter of the cutting body amounts to from about 4.+-.0.05 mm to
about 10.+-.0.05 mm, the material size or thickness of the ceramic
cutting body being able to be reduced to values of about 2 mm
without falling below the minimum requirements in regard to
mechanical strength and stiffness. The thickness of the ceramic
cutting body preferably corresponds to about half of the thickness
of the cutting insert, without taking into account the raised
portions surrounding the fastening groove.
[0020] The cutting insert is used to particular advantage for
recessing or copy-turning, particularly at high rotating speeds
and/or high-temperature applications, and particularly in cutting
inserts having a very small cutoff width or a very small radius.
The cutting insert according to one embodiment is especially
suitable for recessing or copy-turning of light alloy workpieces,
in particular of workpieces made of aluminum or aluminum alloys, as
are found, for instance, in the automotive sector in the case of
light alloy rims and other parts.
[0021] The above-discussed embodiments of the present invention
will be described further hereinbelow. When the word "invention" or
"embodiment of the invention" is used in this specification, the
word "invention" or "embodiment of the invention" includes
"inventions" or "embodiments of the invention", that is the plural
of "invention" or "embodiment of the invention". By stating
"invention" or "embodiment of the invention", the Applicant does
not in any way admit that the present application does not include
more than one patentably and non-obviously distinct invention, and
maintains that this application may include more than one
patentably and non-obviously distinct invention. The Applicant
hereby asserts that the disclosure of this application may include
more than one invention, and, in the event that there is more than
one invention, that these inventions may be patentable and
non-obvious one with respect to the other.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] One possible embodiment will now be explained in greater
detail below with reference to the drawings in which:
[0023] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a cutting
insert; and
[0024] FIG. 2 is a partially sectioned side view (not to scale) of
the cutting insert according to FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT OR EMBODIMENTS
[0025] The cutting insert 10 comprises a base body 1 made of
cemented carbide (cobalt-bound tungsten carbide), the cutting
insert being designed as an indexable insert having a pair of
ceramic cutting bodies 3.
[0026] The two ceramic cutting bodies 3 have the shape of a
perpendicular circular truncated cone and are bonded into preformed
recesses 2 of the base body 1 by means of a high-temperature
adhesive in such a way that the smaller base surface of the
circular truncated cone is bonded firmly to the bottom 7 of the
recess and a part of the conical shell surface of the circular
truncated cone to the conical wall surface congruent therewith of
the recess 2. A cutting edge 4 is formed on the exposed circular
arc of the larger base surface of the circular truncated cone of
each of the two ceramic cutting bodies 3. The exposed partial
circle, i.e., not extending within the recess 2, of the larger base
surface of the circular truncated cone comprises at least
200.degree., but not more than 230.degree. (each as related to the
360.degree. of a full circle).
[0027] In the embodiment drawn the clearance angle a below the
cutting edges 4 amounts to 7.degree..
[0028] A groove 5 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis L
of the cutting insert 10 for fastening the cutting insert to a
toolholder known per se. The groove 5 is defined on either side by
raised portions 6 extending parallel to the groove, resulting in a
cross-sectional profile sometimes referred to as "dogbone". The
groove 5 is engaged by a complementarily formed claw of a
toolholder (not shown) when the cutting insert is used as
intended.
[0029] The maximum diameter of the larger base surface of the
circular truncated cone of the ceramic cutting bodies 3 preferably
amounts to 4, 6 or 8 mm, with a standard deviation of .+-.0.05 mm,
and the material thicknesses of the ceramic cutting bodies 3
preferably amounts to 2.5 mm.
[0030] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the cutting
insert according to one embodiment can also comprise ceramic
cutting bodies having a geometry other than that of a circular
truncated cone, such as, e.g., having a cubic, cuboid, rhombohedral
or other parallelepipedal shape.
[0031] A particularly preferred embodiment is the cutting insert
having a "dogbone"-configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of the
attached drawings. This embodiment shows, in combination, the
following features:
[0032] a cutting insert made of cemented carbide having at least
one recess for insertion therein of a cutting body consisting of a
cutting material different from cemented carbide to form a firm
connection,
[0033] the cutting body having formed a cutting edge thereon,
[0034] the cutting body consisting of a ceramic cutting material
and having the shape of a circular truncated cone, at least a
portion of which being congruent with the geometric shape of the
recess,
[0035] at least one groove defined on either side by raised
portions extending parallel to said groove, and said groove
extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of the cutting insert
for fastening the cutting insert to a toolholder.
[0036] The advantages of the preferred embodiments will become most
apparent, in terms of transverse rupture strength, if the maximum
diameter of the cutting body is as small as from 4 to 10.+-.0.05
mm.
[0037] One feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at the
time of the filing of this patent application to possibly reside
broadly in a cutting insert made of cemented carbide having at
least one recess for insertion therein of a cutting body consisting
of a cutting material different from cemented carbide to form a
firm connection, the cutting body having formed a cutting edge
thereon, characterized in that the cutting body consists of a
ceramic cutting material and has a geometric shape at least a
portion of which is congruent with the geometric shape of the
recess.
[0038] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
ceramic cutting body has the shape of a circular truncated
cone.
[0039] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
ceramic cutting body has a smaller base surface which is attached
to the bottom of the recess and that the cutting edge is formed at
the exposed circular arc of the larger base surface of the circular
truncated cone and extends in the shape of a partial circle.
[0040] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
circular truncated cone is a perpendicular circular truncated
cone.
[0041] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
cutting edge comprises a partial circle of at least
200.degree..
[0042] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
cutting edge comprises a partial circle of not more than
230.degree..
[0043] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized by a clearance
angle of <10.degree..
[0044] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized by a clearance
angle of 7.+-.2.degree..
[0045] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
cutting body is bonded or brazed into the recess.
[0046] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized by at least one
groove extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the
cutting insert for fastening the cutting insert to a
toolholder.
[0047] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the at
least one groove is defined on either side by raised portions
extending parallel to the groove.
[0048] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that it is
configured as an indexable insert.
[0049] Yet another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
indexable insert is fitted with two to four cutting bodies.
[0050] Still another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed
at the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in the cutting insert, characterized in that the
maximum diameter of the cutting body amounts to 4.+-.0.05 mm to
10.+-.0.05 mm.
[0051] A further feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in a use of the cutting insert for recessing or
copy-turning, in particular at a high rotating speed.
[0052] Another feature or aspect of an embodiment is believed at
the time of the filing of this patent application to possibly
reside broadly in a use of the cutting insert for recessing or
copy-turning of light alloy workpieces, in particular of workpieces
made of aluminum or aluminum alloys.
[0053] The components disclosed in the various publications,
disclosed or incorporated by reference herein, may possibly be used
in possible embodiments of the present invention, as well as
equivalents thereof.
[0054] One embodiment relates to a cutting insert made of cemented
carbide and to the use thereof for recessing or copy-turning,
preferably at a high rotating speed. The cutting insert has at
least one recess for insertion therein of a cutting body consisting
of a cutting material different from cemented carbide to form a
firm connection, the cutting body having formed a cutting edge
thereon. To allow employment of the cutting insert of a high
mechanical strength even with small dimensions in the
high-temperature range, it is proposed that the cutting body
consist of a ceramic cutting material and have a geometric shape at
least a portion of which is congruent with the geometric shape of
the recess. Preferably, the ceramic cutting body has the shape of a
circular truncated cone.
[0055] The following U.S. Pat. Nos. regarding drills and/or drill
inserts are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in
their entirety herein: U.S. Pat. No. 5,800,100, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-03-NP, issued to Krenzer on Sep. 1, 1998;
NHL-KEH-06, issued to Kammermeier on Nov. 3, 1998; U.S. Pat. No.
5,967,710, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-02-NP, issued to
Krenzer on Oct. 9, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 6,045,301, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-04 US, issued to Kammermeier et al. on Apr. 4,
2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,116,825, having attorney docket no.
NHL-KEH-05 US, issued to Kammermeier et al. on Sep. 12, 2000; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,164,879, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-02-NP-D,
issued to Krenzer on Dec. 26, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,210,083, having
attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-05-C US, issued to Kammermeier et al.
on Apr. 3, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,276, having attorney docket
no. NHL-KEH-09 US, issued to Muller et al. on May 15, 2001; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,904,455, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-08, issued
to inventors Krenzer et al. on May 18, 1999; U.S. Pat. No.
6,309,149, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-12 US, issued to
inventor BORSCHERT on Oct. 30, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,374,712,
having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-13 US, issued to inventors
Gebhard MLLER et al. on Apr. 23, 2002; U.S. Pat. No. 6,688,817,
having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-14 US, issued to inventors
BORSCHERT, et al. on Feb. 10, 2004; U.S. Pat. No. 6,655,882, having
attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-15, issued to inventors HEINRICH et al.
on Dec. 2, 2003; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,676,339, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-17, issued to inventor HARTLOHNER on Jan. 13,
2004.
[0056] The purpose of the statements about the technical field is
generally to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public
to determine quickly, from a cursory inspection, the nature of this
patent application. The description of the technical field is
believed, at the time of the filing of this patent application, to
adequately describe the technical field of this patent application.
However, the description of the technical field may not be
completely applicable to the claims as originally filed in this
patent application, as amended during prosecution of this patent
application, and as ultimately allowed in any patent issuing from
this patent application. Therefore, any statements made relating to
the technical field are not intended to limit the claims in any
manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the claims in any
manner.
[0057] The appended drawings in their entirety, including all
dimensions, proportions and/or shapes in at least one embodiment of
the invention, are accurate and are hereby included by reference
into this specification.
[0058] The publication "Lathe Catalog 1010," produced and published
by Kennametal, Inc., Latrobe, Pa., U.S.A., is hereby incorporated
by reference as if set forth in its entirety herein.
[0059] The background information is believed, at the time of the
filing of this patent application, to adequately provide background
information for this patent application. However, the background
information may not be completely applicable to the claims as
originally filed in this patent application, as amended during
prosecution of this patent application, and as ultimately allowed
in any patent issuing from this patent application. Therefore, any
statements made relating to the background information are not
intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be
interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.
[0060] All, or substantially all, of the components and methods of
the various embodiments may be used with at least one embodiment or
all of the embodiments, if more than one embodiment is described
herein.
[0061] The purpose of the statements about the object or objects is
generally to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public
to determine quickly, from a cursory inspection, the nature of this
patent application. The description of the object or objects is
believed, at the time of the filing of this patent application, to
adequately describe the object or objects of this patent
application. However, the description of the object or objects may
not be completely applicable to the claims as originally filed in
this patent application, as amended during prosecution of this
patent application, and as ultimately allowed in any patent issuing
from this patent application. Therefore, any statements made
relating to the object or objects are not intended to limit the
claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting the
claims in any manner.
[0062] All of the patents, patent applications and publications
recited herein, and in the Declaration attached hereto, are hereby
incorporated by reference as if set forth in their entirety
herein.
[0063] The summary is believed, at the time of the filing of this
patent application, to adequately summarize this patent
application. However, portions or all of the information contained
in the summary may not be completely applicable to the claims as
originally filed in this patent application, as amended during
prosecution of this patent application, and as ultimately allowed
in any patent issuing from this patent application. Therefore, any
statements made relating to the summary are not intended to limit
the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as limiting
the claims in any manner.
[0064] Some examples of high temperature adhesives that may
possibly be utilized or adapted for use in at least one possible
embodiment may possibly be found in the following U.S. Pat. No.
6,624,213, entitled "High temperature epoxy adhesive films"; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,307,008, entitled "Polyimide for high temperature
adhesive"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,385,990, entitled "Structural adhesive
composition having high temperature resistance"; U.S. Pat. No.
5,242,755, entitled "High temperature adhesive"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,980,404, entitled "Adhesives for adhesive bonds having increased
high-temperature strength"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,959,440, entitled
"Polymide for high-temperature adhesive"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,734,482,
entitled "Polyimide from ether diamine having the indane structure
and high-temperature adhesive of polyimide"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,644,040, entitled "High temperature stable acrylic adhesive
compositions employing aromatic polyimide and polyisoimide
bis-acetylene additives"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,532,270, entitled "High
temperature stable adhesive compositions employing aromatic
polyimide and polyisoimide bis-acetylene additives"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,518,735, entitled "High temperature stable adhesive for
semiconductor device packages, low-cost semiconductor device
package and process"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,432,848, entitled "Radiation
cured, high temperature pressure-sensitive adhesive"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,418,166, entitled "High temperature resistant adhesive bonding
composition of epoxy resin and two-part hardener"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,233,103, entitled "High temperature-resistant conductive adhesive
and method employing same"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,151,057, entitled "High
temperature adhesive made by exposure to radiation"; and U.S. Pat.
No. 4,133,731, entitled "Radiation cured, high temperature adhesive
composition."
[0065] It will be understood that the examples of patents,
published patent applications, and other documents which are
included in this application and which are referred to in
paragraphs which state "Some examples of . . . which may possibly
be used in at least one possible embodiment of the present
application . . . "may possibly not be used or useable in any one
or more embodiments of the application.
[0066] The sentence immediately above relates to patents, published
patent applications and other documents either incorporated by
reference or not incorporated by reference.
[0067] All of the patents, patent applications or patent
publications, which were cited in the International Search Report
dated Oct. 31, 2002, and/or cited elsewhere are hereby incorporated
by reference as if set forth in their entirety herein as follows:
JP 03 079206 A (abstract); JP 57 027602 A (abstract); WO 00 20149
A; U.S. Pat. No. 4,632,606 A; Sandvik Coromant: "Metalworking
Products Turning Tool Catalogue 2000"; Kennametal Hertel: "Turning
Tool Catalogue 2000"; Ashby MF & Jones DRH: "Engineering
Materials An Introduction to their Properties and Applications"; DE
198 44 858 C; EP 0 552 714 A; WO 99 12680 A; U.S. Pat. No.
3,705,447 A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,073A; and EP 0 431 009 B.
[0068] The corresponding foreign and international patent
publication applications, namely, Federal Republic of Germany
Patent Application No. 101 42 049.8, filed on Aug. 28, 2001, having
inventor Werner PENKERT, and DE-OS 101 42 049.8 and DE-PS 101 42
049.8, and International Application No. PCT/IB02/03374, filed on
Aug. 21, 2002, having WIPO Publication No. WO03/018241 and inventor
Werner PENKERT, as well as their published equivalents, and other
equivalents or corresponding applications, if any, in corresponding
cases in the Federal Republic of Germany and elsewhere, and the
references and documents cited in any of the documents cited
herein, such as the patents, patent applications and publications,
are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in their
entirety herein.
[0069] All of the references and documents, cited in any of the
documents cited herein, are hereby incorporated by reference as if
set forth in their entirety herein. All of the documents cited
herein, referred to in the immediately preceding sentence, include
all of the patents, patent applications and publications cited
anywhere in the present application.
[0070] The description of the embodiment or embodiments is
believed, at the time of the filing of this patent application, to
adequately describe the embodiment or embodiments of this patent
application. However, portions of the description of the embodiment
or embodiments may not be completely applicable to the claims as
originally filed in this patent application, as amended during
prosecution of this patent application, and as ultimately allowed
in any patent issuing from this patent application. Therefore, any
statements made relating to the embodiment or embodiments are not
intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be
interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.
[0071] The details in the patents, patent applications and
publications may be considered to be incorporable, at applicant's
option, into the claims during prosecution as further limitations
in the claims to patentably distinguish any amended claims from any
applied prior art.
[0072] Some examples of brazing methods and brazing materials that
may possibly be utilized or adapted for use in at least one
possible embodiment may possibly be found in the following U.S.
Pat. No. 6,663,982, entitled "Silver-hafnium braze alloy"; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,528,123, entitled "Coating system to permit direct
brazing of ceramics"; U.S. Pat. No. 6,427,900, entitled "Active
brazing solder for brazing alumina-ceramic parts"; U.S. Pat. No.
6,315,188, entitled "Surface preparation for high purity alumina
ceramics enabling direct brazing in hydrogen atmospheres"; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,247,565, entitled "Composition and process for the
reactive brazing of ceramic materials containing alumina"; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,221,499, entitled "Method using a thick joint for
joining parts in SiC-based materials by refractory brazing and
refractory thick joint thus obtained"; U.S. Pat. No. 6,054,693,
entitled "Microwave technique for brazing materials"; U.S. Pat. No.
6,050,478, entitled "Composition and process for the reactive
brazing of ceramic materials containing alumina"; U.S. Pat. No.
6,039,918, entitled "Active brazing solder for brazing
alumina-ceramic parts"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,407, entitled "Method
using a thick joint for joining parts in SiC-based materials by
refractory brazing and refractory thick joint thus obtained"; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,922,479, entitled "Brazing alloy and composite assembly
joined by using the same"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,505, entitled
"Joining by brazing of ceramic materials containing silicon
carbide"; RE35,521, entitled "Brazing alloy of copper, silicon,
titanium, aluminum"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,431,331, entitled "Thermal
resilient multiple jaw braze fixture"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,407,119,
entitled "Laser brazing for ceramic-to-metal joining"; U.S. Pat.
No. 5,340,012, entitled "Titanium hydride coated brazing product";
U.S. Pat. No. 5,334,344, entitled "Ternary active brazing based on
a zirconium-nickel alloy"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,186,380, entitled
"Titanium hydride coated brazing product"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,087,416,
entitled "Brazing alloy of copper, silicon, titanium, aluminum";
U.S. Pat. No. 4,902,358, entitled "Ceramic to metal brazing"; U.S.
Pat. No. 4,901,904, entitled "Method of producing brazing metals";
U.S. Pat. No. 4,883,218, entitled "Method of brazing a ceramic
article to a metal article"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,735,866, entitled
"Copper-silver-titanium-tin filler metal for direct brazing of
structural ceramics"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,714,189, entitled "Brazing
eutectic and method"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,698,271, entitled
"Copper-silver-titanium filler metal for direct brazing of
structural ceramics"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,690,876, entitled "Article
comprising a ductile brazing alloy foil containing reactive metals
and precious metals"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,679,960, entitled "Ceramic
and metal brazed articles"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,678,636, entitled
"Ductile brazing alloy containing reactive metals and precious
metals"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,591,535, entitled "Method of brazing
ceramics using active brazing alloys"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,471,026,
entitled "Ternary alloys in brazing ceramics"; and U.S. Pat. No.
4,459,264, entitled "Reactive metal-palladium-silver brazing
alloys."The purpose of the title of this patent application is
generally to enable the Patent and Trademark Office and the public
to determine quickly, from a cursory inspection, the nature of this
patent application. The title is believed, at the time of the
filing of this patent application, to adequately reflect the
general nature of this patent application. However, the title may
not be completely applicable to the technical field, the object or
objects, the summary, the description of the embodiment or
embodiments, and the claims as originally filed in this patent
application, as amended during prosecution of this patent
application, and as ultimately allowed in any patent issuing from
this patent application. Therefore, the title is not intended to
limit the claims in any manner and should not be interpreted as
limiting the claims in any manner.
[0073] The abstract of the disclosure is submitted herewith as
required by 37 C.F.R. .sctn.1.72(b). As stated in 37 C.F.R.
.sctn.1.72(b):
[0074] A brief abstract of the technical disclosure in the
specification must commence on a separate sheet, preferably
following the claims, under the heading "Abstract of the
Disclosure."The purpose of the abstract is to enable the Patent and
Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from
a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical
disclosure. The abstract shall not be used for interpreting the
scope of the claims.
[0075] Therefore, any statements made relating to the abstract are
not intended to limit the claims in any manner and should not be
interpreted as limiting the claims in any manner.
[0076] The embodiments of the invention described herein above in
the context of the preferred embodiments are not to be taken as
limiting the embodiments of the invention to all of the provided
details thereof, since modifications and variations thereof may be
made without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments
of the invention.
* * * * *