U.S. patent application number 10/767219 was filed with the patent office on 2004-12-23 for article of apparel.
Invention is credited to Ford, Christopher Jon, Mapleston, David Bernard, Singleton, Leo Charles, Wan, Kin Yip.
Application Number | 20040255490 10/767219 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 27256242 |
Filed Date | 2004-12-23 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040255490 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wan, Kin Yip ; et
al. |
December 23, 2004 |
Article of apparel
Abstract
An article of apparel (1, 601) has a chamber (9, 605) and a
light source (11, 607) for illuminating the chamber with Light. The
chamber (9) contains particles (900) which can scatter or reflect
light from the light sources and has a window (9a) through which
the effect of the particles (900) on the light from the light
sources (11) can be viewed. Alternatively, the chamber (605)
contains a light affecting means (606, 901, 1001) for reflecting,
refracting or diffracting light from the light source (607). The
light affecting means (606, 901, 1001) is moved by a hydraulic
system (800) or vibrates in response to motion of the article of
apparel (601).
Inventors: |
Wan, Kin Yip; (Wokingham,
GB) ; Singleton, Leo Charles; (Wokingham, GB)
; Ford, Christopher Jon; (Wokingham, GB) ;
Mapleston, David Bernard; (Highworth, GB) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow,
Garrett & Dunner, L.L.P.
1300 I Street, N.W.
Washington
DC
20005-3315
US
|
Family ID: |
27256242 |
Appl. No.: |
10/767219 |
Filed: |
January 30, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
10767219 |
Jan 30, 2004 |
|
|
|
PCT/GB02/03539 |
Aug 1, 2002 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
36/137 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 1/0072 20130101;
A43B 1/0027 20130101; A43B 23/24 20130101; A43B 3/0005 20130101;
A43B 5/00 20130101; A43B 1/0036 20130101; A43B 3/001 20130101; A43B
3/0078 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
036/137 |
International
Class: |
A43B 023/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 1, 2001 |
GB |
0118780.6 |
Aug 1, 2001 |
GB |
0118775.6 |
Feb 5, 2002 |
GB |
0202640.9 |
Claims
1. An article of apparel, such as a shoe, carrying a chamber and
illumination means for illuminating the chamber with light, the
chamber having light-affecting means adapted to affect light from
the illumination means, and the chamber having a window for
enabling the effect of the light affecting means on light from the
illumination means to be viewed.
2. An article according to claim 1, wherein the light affecting
means is movable, rotatable or oscillatable within the chamber.
3. An article according to claim 1 which further comprises a motive
means for moving the light affecting means in response to movement
of at least a part of a wearer of the article.
4. An article according to claim 1 further comprising illumination
control means for controlling the illumination means.
5. An article according to claim 1 further comprising illumination
control means for controlling the illumination means wherein the
illumination control means is operable to control the illumination
means so that the illumination means and light affecting means
produce a projected image.
6. An article of apparel such as a shoe, carrying a chamber and
illumination means for illuminating the chamber with light, the
chamber having light-affecting means adapted to affect the light
from the illumination means, and the chamber having a window for
enabling the effect of the light affecting means on light from the
illumination means to be viewed and further comprising control
means for controlling the motive means so that the illumination
means and light affecting means produce a projected image.
7. An article according to claim 6, wherein the control means is
operable to receive information defining an image.
8. An article according to claim 1, which further comprises a
motive means for moving the light affecting means in response to
movement of at least a part of a wearer of the article, further
comprising activating means for activating said illumination
means.
9. An article according to claim 1, wherein said illumination means
comprises at least one LED.
10. An article according to claim 1, which comprises a motive means
for moving the light affecting means in response to movement of at
least a part of a wearer of the article, wherein said light
affecting means comprise one or more portions of light affecting
material on a wall of said chamber and wherein said one or more
portions of light affecting material form an image.
11. A chamber for attachment to an article of apparel, such as a
shoe wherein said chamber is illuminable with light, the chamber
containing light affecting means adapted to affect light from an
illumination means, and the chamber having a window for enabling
the effect of the light affecting means on the light from the
illumination means to be viewed.
12-55. CANCELED.
Description
[0001] This invention relates to an article of apparel having a
portion that can be illuminated, particularly but not exclusively,
an item of footwear such as a shoe.
[0002] It is known to provide articles of apparel, such as shoes,
with portions that can be illuminated for decorative or safety
purposes, for example to enable the wearer to be seen at night. In
such shoes, the portion may be illuminated by lights such as light
emitting diodes (LEDs). Such LEDs may be arranged within the heel
portion of shoe and be arranged to be permanently illuminated, or
to flash intermittently (e.g. with the footsteps of the wearer of
the shoe).
[0003] An aspect of the present invention provides an article of
apparel carrying a chamber having a light transmissive wall portion
and means for illuminating the chamber, the chamber having light
affecting means, such that, in use, light from the illuminating
means is scattered or reflected by the light affecting means.
[0004] The light affecting means may be light affecting particles
freely moveable in the chamber. AS another possibility, the light
affecting means may be mounted to a part of the chamber but able to
move (for example to twist, rotate, oscillate or vibrate relative
to the chamber) in response to motion of the wearer. In this case,
the motion of the light affecting means is constrained by the
mounting. As another possibility or additionally a wall portion of
said chamber opposed to the light transmissive wall portion (a
"back" wall) may have one or more light affecting regions (e.g.
regions that are made up of light reflecting material). The one or
more light affecting regions on the "back" wall of said chamber may
be pictures or dots.
[0005] The "back" wall of said chamber may be dark in colour, e.g.
black, to provide a good contrast with the light affecting
means.
[0006] In an embodiment, the illuminating means may be provided on
movement means to enable relative movement between the illuminating
means said light affecting means.
[0007] The chamber may contain a liquid such as water or an oil
where water is used it may be distilled water. As another
possibility, the chamber may contain a gel.
[0008] Where the liquid is a liquid such as water and the light
affecting means are particles that are freely movable in the
chamber, a surfactant may be added to a liquid in the chamber to
reduce the surface tension of the liquid to facilitate prevention
of light affecting particles floating on the surface of the liquid,
where the light affecting particles are of lower density than the
liquid for example where the light affecting particles are glitter
and the liquid comprises water. Further, an additive such as
ascorbic acid may be added to keep the liquid clean and free from
bacteria.
[0009] The light transmissive wall portion, or window, of said
chamber may be formed of light transmissive plastics material.
[0010] The illuminating means may comprise one or more Light
Emitting Diodes (LEDs) that may be of the same or different
colours. The illuminating means may be arranged to be hidden from
view.
[0011] In an embodiment the light affecting means may be light
scattering or reflecting particles moveable within the chamber such
as light reflecting and/or coloured, such as metallic, coloured
glass or coloured plastic particles.
[0012] A control means may be provided for activating the
illuminating means. The control means may be responsive to motion
of the user, for example to footsteps of the user.
[0013] The control means may include a motion sensor such as a
piezoelectric, mechanical, tilt, or pressure switch.
[0014] In an embodiment with more than one illuminating means, the
control means may be arranged to activate said more than one
illuminating means in a predetermined sequence.
[0015] The article of apparel may be a shoe and the chamber
provided on the side or in the toe or heel of said shoe.
[0016] Another aspect of the present invention provides an article
of apparel such as a shoe comprising a light source and directing
means for directing light from the light source to a surface in the
vicinity of the article of apparel, wherein for directing means is
moveable relative to the article of apparel so that light from the
light source moves about a surface relative to the article of
apparel, providing an attractive and interesting moving light
pattern on the surface near the article of apparel, thereby
increasing the appeal of the shoe.
[0017] The directing means may be light affecting means such as
reflective elements.
[0018] The surface may be the ground or a floor but could, for
example, be a wall or a ceiling.
[0019] In some embodiments the region of the ground illuminated by
the light is positioned with respect to the shoe so that the wearer
of the shoe can readily see the light, thereby allowing the wearer
(as well as other people) to enjoy the moving pattern of light
around the shoe.
[0020] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of
example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which:
[0021] FIG. 1 is a perspective diagram showing a shoe embodying the
invention;
[0022] FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit for
controlling illumination means shown in FIG. 1;
[0023] FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective diagram showing another
shoe embodying the invention;
[0024] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram showing a sequence of events which
occur in the circuit of FIG. 2;
[0025] FIG. 5 is a perspective diagram showing a rear perspective
view of another shoe embodying the invention;
[0026] FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of another shoe embodying
the invention being worn by a wearer;
[0027] FIG. 7 shows a side view of the shoe shown in FIG. 6, partly
cut-away to show an electrical system and a hydraulic system
incorporated within a sole of the shoe;
[0028] FIG. 8 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view of part of
the shoe shown in FIGS. 6 and 7;
[0029] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram illustrating one example of
a hydraulic system that may be incorporated within the sole of the
shoe shown in FIGS. 6 to 8;
[0030] FIG. 10 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view similar
to FIG. 8 to illustrate a modification of the shoe shown in FIGS. 6
to 8; and
[0031] FIG. 11 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view similar
to FIG. 8 to illustrate another modification of the shoe shown in
FIGS. 6 to 8.
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates a shoe 1 having an upper 3 and a sole 5.
An aperture is provided in said upper 3 having a pocket behind (not
shown) to receive a chamber 9. The chamber 9 contains light
affecting particles. In this embodiment, said chamber contains a
liquid consisting of 75% distilled water and 25% surfactant (fluoro
chemical surfactant PC-170C, produced by Fluorad.TM.) and
containing as the light-affecting particles metallic particles 900
in the form of so-called glitter that is commercially available at
many outlets such as newsagents, stationers and the like.
[0033] The chamber is a plastics material chamber into which the
liquid is injected through an aperture which is then sealed.
[0034] The surfactant is provided to reduce the surface tension of
the water, to inhibit the glitter from merely floating on the
surface of the water. An additive such as ascorbic acid may also be
added to the water/surfactant mixture to keep it clean and also to
prevent the formation of bacteria.
[0035] The shoe 1 is also provided with an illuminating arrangement
11 which consists of two sets of LEDs contained in respective
pouches 15 secured, for example by stitching or gluing, to the
inside of the upper 3 of said shoe 1 on either side of the chamber
9. In this particular embodiment, there are three LEDs arranged on
each side of the chamber with a red LED, a green LED and a blue LED
on each side. A light-transmissive wall portion or window 9a of
said chamber 9 allows the affect of the particles on the light to
be viewed. Positioning the LEDs on either side of the chamber 9
means that they cannot be viewed through the wall portion or window
9a. A "back" wall of said chamber (that is a wall opposed to the
light transmissive wall portion 9a) is dark in colour, e.g. black,
to enable the effect of the particles on the light to be viewed
more easily through the wall portion or window 9a.
[0036] A control circuit 13 is provided in the sole 5 of said shoe
1 for controlling activation of the LEDs 11.
[0037] FIG. 2 shows a functional block diagram of the control
circuit and its coupling to the LEDs.
[0038] As shown in FIG. 2, the control circuit 13 comprises a
piezoelectric switch 17, a microcontroller (or microprocessor with
associated memory) 19 and a number of LED drivers 21 for driving
LEDs 11. The piezoelectric switch 17 is coupled to the
microcontroller 19 and is arranged to detect changes in pressure in
the material of the sole 5 of the shoe 1 in which it is embedded,
i.e. changes in pressure in the sole 5 due to the wearer's
footsteps. The microcontroller 19 is arranged to output control
signals for causing activation of LEDs 11 when the output from the
piezoelectric switch 17 rises above a threshold voltage
V.sub.t.
[0039] The LED drivers 21 are of conventional form and may be
integrated circuit (IC), or made up of discrete components.
Further, the entire control circuit 13 may be provided as a single
integrated circuit.
[0040] It will, of course, be appreciated that, in the interests of
simplicity, the power supply connections to the components of the
control circuit 13 are not shown in FIG. 2. The power source for
such a circuit may be a battery (not shown) located in the sole of
the shoe. The battery may be secreted in the heel of the shoe or it
may be mounted within a compartment accessible by the wearer so
that the wearer may change the battery 701 when it is
discharged.
[0041] FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective diagram of another shoe
embodying the invention.
[0042] Like reference numerals are used to indicate those parts
which have previously been described in FIG. 1.
[0043] The shoe in FIG. 3 differs from that described above in that
the chamber 9 is provided in a self-contained illumination unit 150
(formed of cloth or moulded from rubber or a plastics material, for
example) which is arranged such that it can be attached to a
portion 15, (shown in phantom lines) of the shoe 1 by, stitching or
adhesive, or the like. The LEDs 11 are arranged on either side of
the chamber 9 within said illumination unit 150. A flap 150a
extending from a main body of the illumination unit 150 contains
wires for coupling the LEDs 11 to the control unit 13. As shown in
the figure, when the illumination unit 150 is in position on area
151 on the upper 3 of the shoe 1 the portion 150b of the
illumination unit 150 from which the flap 150a extends is aligned
with the region where the upper 3 meets the sole 5 of the shoe 1.
The flap 150a is received within the sole 5 such that it cannot be
seen when the sole 5 is attached to the upper 3. The ends of the
wires from the LEDs 11 emerging from the end of the flap 150a
remote from the illumination unit 150 are coupled to the control
unit 13.
[0044] The operation of the microcontroller 19 and how it causes
the chamber 9 to be illuminated as the wearer of the shoe 1 moves
will now be described with reference to FIG. 4.
[0045] As shown in FIG. 4, at step S1 the microcontroller 19
monitors the output from the piezoelectric switch 17 to detect
whether the output is above the voltage threshold V.sub.t (Step
S1). If the output voltage is above the threshold level V.sub.t the
microcontroller outputs control signals to the LED drivers 21 (step
S2) to cause the LEDs to light up in a lighting sequence. If the
output of the piezoelectric switch 17 is below the threshold
voltage V.sub.t the microcontroller 19 repeats step S1. As the
lighting sequence is being output to said LED drivers the
microcontroller continues to detect the output of the piezoelectric
switch 17 (step 83) and outputs the control signals to the LED
drivers 21 (step S2) until, at step S3, the microcontroller 19
determines that the output of the piezoelectric switch 17 has
fallen below the threshold voltage V.sub.t. The microprocessor 19
then stops outputting the control signals to the LED drivers 21
(step S4) and returns to step S1.
[0046] The control signals may cause the LEDs to light in any
predetermined sequence. In the present embodiment, the control
signals cause the red, green and blue LEDs 11 arranged on one side
of the chamber to flash alternately with those arranged on the
other side of said chamber. In other examples the control signals
may cause all the LEDs 11 to flash on and off with each footstep of
the wearer of the shoe 1, or cause half of the LEDs 11 to flash
during one footstep, and the other half of the LEDs 11 to flash
during the other footstep. The microcontroller 19 may also be
programmed with a number is of different lighting sequences and be
programmed to move from one lighting sequence to another in a
predetermined order or at random. In addition, the or a lighting
sequence may be a random lighting sequence.
[0047] FIG. 5 shows a rear portion of another shoe embodying the
invention.
[0048] Like reference numerals are used to indicate those parts
which have previously been described in relation to FIG. 1.
[0049] The shoe shown in FIG. 5 differs from that shown in FIG. 1
in that the chamber 9 is provided in a heel portion 1a of said shoe
1 and in the placement of the LEDs 11. Thus, as shown, the LEDs 11
are arranged within the heel of the shoe 1 so that light emitted
from the LEDs 11 shines outwards through the chamber 9. The LEDs,
however, are still arranged so that they cannot be seen through the
window or wall portion 9a.
[0050] An advantage of providing the chamber 9 in the heel portion
of the sole 5 of the shoe 1 as shown in FIG. 5 is that the chamber
9 can be easily accommodated in the moulding process.
[0051] The control circuit required to drive the LEDs 11 is
identical to that previously described in relation to FIGS. 2 and
4.
[0052] Another shoe 601 embodying the present invention will now be
described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9 in which FIG. 6 shows a
perspective view of the shoe being worn by a wearer, FIG. 7 shows a
side view of the shoe, partly cut-away to show an electrical system
and a hydraulic system incorporated within a sole of the shoe, FIG.
8 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view of part of the shoe
and FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram illustrating one example of a
hydraulic system that may be incorporated within the sole of the
shoe.
[0053] As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the shoe 601 (which may be a
training shoe or a trainer, for example) has an upper 602 and a
sole 603. The upper 602 includes an aperture 602a for introducing a
foot into the shoe 601' and laces 602b for securing the shoe 601 to
the foot of the wearer 600 (FIG. 6).
[0054] As shown in FIG. 8, a hollow chamber 605 is captured (by
gluing, stitching or the like) between inner and outer skins 602i
and 602o of a side surface of the upper 602 which is outermost when
the shoe is being worn so that a front wall surface 605a of the
chamber 605 projects through a generally circular aperture 602' in
the outer skin 602o. The chamber 605 is moulded from a
light-transmissive, for example clear, plastics material and is
filled with water which may contain additives as described
above.
[0055] Generally, the chamber 605 is mounted on the left hand side
surface of a left hand shoe and on the right hand side surface of a
right hand shoe, but it may be mounted at the rear or front of the
shoe. Also, two or more chambers may be provided.
[0056] A disc 606 is provided within the chamber 605. The disc 605
has a spindle 802 which extends centrally, in this case, from a
rear surface of the disc and is rotatably mounted (by means of
bearings, not shown) on an axle 801 secured to the inner skin of
the upper by means of, for example, a rivet connection or the like.
The disc 606 can thus rotate about its axis. The disc is, in this
example, shaped so that its outer surface is outwardly convex as
shown in FIG. 8 to enable the disc to fit within the chamber.
[0057] The front surface of the disc carries light affecting means
in the form of reflective facets 613 which may be formed of
reflective foil elements secured to the disc or may be shaped from
metal sheet, for example.
[0058] The reflective facets 613 are oriented to reflect light from
light sources 607 provided within the shoe down onto the ground or
floor adjacent the wearer. In this example as shown in FIG. 8, the
light sources 607 are mounted between a lower portion of the
chamber 605 and the outer skin of the upper 602 so as to direct
light into the chamber 605 towards the facets 613 and are provided
as three Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 607: a red LED 607r, a green
LED 607g and a blue LED 607b.
[0059] The relative positions and orientations of the facets 613
and the LEDs 607 are such that light emitted by the LEDs 607 is
reflected by the facets 613 onto a region 614 (shown in dashed
lines in FIG. 6) of the floor or ground adjacent the wearer to
produce illuminated regions 609r, 609g and 609b, respectively. The
path taken by the light is illustrated by the rays 608r, 608g,
608h, respectively.
[0060] The light sources 607 are controlled by a controller 604
which is, in this example, mounted within a heel portion of the
sole and is coupled to the LEDS 607 via wires 604a sandwiched
between the inner and outer skins of the upper 602. The controller
604 may have the form described above with reference to FIG. 2
except that the piezoelectric switch 17 will be omitted and the
operation of the LEDs controlled entirely by the microcontroller
19.
[0061] The heel portion also incorporates a hydraulic system that,
in accordance with movement of the wearer's heel as will be
described below, pumps water onto impeller blades 803 carried by
the spindle 802. In this example, as shown in FIG. 8, the hydraulic
system includes a bellows-like resilient water-filled sac 610
positioned beneath a depressable portion 620a of an inner sole 620
of the shoe so that the application and removal of pressure from
the user's heel causes the water sac 610 to compress and then to
re-expand to pump water around the hydraulic system. The water sac
may be formed from a plastics material.
[0062] As is discussed later in more detail, pumping of water by
the water sac 610 causes rotation of the disc 606 so that the
reflection of light by the facets and thus the positions of the
illuminated regions 609 vary. Thus, as the disc 606 rotates, the
illuminated regions 609 will move around, for example dance or
gambol, within the projection area 614, thereby providing an
interesting and attractive visual effect.
[0063] FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram illustrating one example of
the hydraulic system 800 that may be incorporated in the shoe
601.
[0064] In this example, the water sac 610 is coupled to the chamber
605 by two tubes 611 and 612. A first non-return valve 806 allows
water to exit the water sac 610 and to flow along the tube 611 to a
nozzle 804 opening into the chamber 605 and orientated so as to
direct water onto the impeller blades 803 when the water sac 610 is
compressed by the heel of the wearer of the shoe 601 while a second
non-return valve 805 allows water flowing from an outlet orifice
605 of the chamber 605 along the tube 612 to enter the water sac
610 when the water sac 610 returns to its normal uncompressed state
when the wearer lifts or removes the heel pressure.
[0065] Accordingly, the wearer can cause the hydraulic system to
pump water into the chamber to rotate the disc 606 and so cause the
pattern of light reflected onto the floor or ground to change by
lifting and lowering their heel, for example by walking, running or
dancing.
[0066] The rotational inertia of the disc 606, the viscous drag
between the disc and water inside the chamber 605 and friction
between the disc and the axle 801 may be arranged so that, once
spinning, the disc takes a short while, for example a few seconds,
to come to rest.
[0067] FIG. 10 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view similar
to FIG. 8 to illustrate a modification of the shoe shown in FIGS. 6
to 8. This shoe differs from the shoe shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 in that
the hydraulic system is omitted and the disc 605 is replaced by a
plurality (only one is visible in FIG. 10) of mirrors or reflective
elements 901g. Each mirror 901g is attached to a spring or
resilient arm 902g which in turn is attached to the chamber 605 at
an attachment point 903g. Each spring 902g is formed from a strip
of plastics material and allows the attached mirror 901g to move
within the chamber, for example to bounce or twist with respect to
the shoe 601 when the wearer moves around, for example walks, runs
or dances.
[0068] The mirrors 901 reflect light from the LEDs 607 onto the
projection area 614, with the light being retracted through an
angle a on entry into the air, and the pattern of light again
changes as the mirrors move with movement of the wearer.
[0069] In this example, three LEDs 607 and three mirrors 901 are
provided, although only the green LED 607g and its associated
mirror 901g are visible in FIG. 10. The path of the light reflected
from the mirror 901g onto the ground 614 to form a green dot 609g
is shown diagrammatically by the ray 908g.
[0070] The masses of the mirrors 901g and the stiffness of the
springs 902g are selected so that, in conjunction with the damping
effect due to the viscosity of the water 904, the mirrors 901g
oscillate at a suitable frequency (for example 3 Hz) and with a
suitable decay time constant (for example is) when the mirror 9019
is perturbed due to an acceleration of the shoe 601.
[0071] FIG. 11 shows a part-sectional, part cut-away view similar
to FIG. 8 to illustrate another modification of the shoe shown in
FIGS. 6 to 8. This shoe differs from the shoe shown in FIG. 6 in
that the hydraulic system is omitted, the chamber 605 is filled
with air or another, inert, gas rather than water and the disc 606
is replaced by reflector assemblies 1001 to reflect the light from
the LEDs 607. In this example three LEDs 607 and three reflector
assemblies 1001 are provided, although only the green LED 607g and
its associated reflector assembly 1001g are visible in FIG. 11.
[0072] Each reflector assembly 1001 comprises an elastic filament
1002 stretched across the chamber 605 and secured to the chamber
wall at its ends to: form a chord. Reflectors are mounted on the
filaments. For example, as can be seen in FIG. 11, three reflectors
1003ga, 1003gb, 1003gc (each of which is angled to reflect light
towards the ground or floor adjacent the shoe) are mounted on the
filament 1001g. Depending upon the actual configuration of LEDS and
reflectors, three separate illuminated regions 1008ga, 1008gb,
1008gc, may be formed by light (indicated by the dashed arrow lines
in FIG. 11) from the LED 607g reflected off the reflectors 1003g.
Similar illuminated regions will be provided by the other
reflectors and LEDs.
[0073] When the wearer of the shoe moves their foot, for example
walks runs or dances, the filaments move or twist so that
reflectors 1003g move or twist about their respective filaments
1002g, and with respect to each other. The reflectors may also
change their attitude with respect to the filament 1002g, and with
respect to each other. The light pattern projected on the floor
will thus change with movement of the wearer. As mentioned above,
the illuminated regions may appear to be independent,
advantageously providing an increase in the number of illuminated
regions visible to the wearer.
[0074] In the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5,
the chamber 9 may be filled with a liquid other than the water and
surfactant mixture and having a different viscosity, thus altering
how the particles move with said liquid. An example of liquid that
may be contained within the chamber 9 is a light oil. Further the
ratio of water to surfactant may differ from that in the
embodiments. As another possibility, the chamber may contain a gel
or gas within which the particles are suspended. The liquid or gel
may be colourless or coloured. The chamber 9 may also contain two
immiscible liquids (e.g. oil and water) which may be of different
colours and each one of said two immiscible liquids way have the
same or different colour particles suspended therein. Also, even
where the liquid comprises water the use of a surfactant may not be
necessary if the particles are such as to be neutrally buoyant in
the liquid.
[0075] In the embodiments described with reference to FIG. 6 to 10,
the chamber contains water and the refraction of the light as it
exits the chamber and passes into the lower refractive index air
enables the light pattern to be projected to a projection area
closer to the shoe 601, thereby achieving a higher intensity light
pattern than would be the case if the chamber contained air. Other
liquids than water may be used, for example those mentioned
above.
[0076] It may also be possible in the embodiments shown in: FIGS. 6
to 10 to fill the chamber with a gas such as air rather than water.
For example, the hydraulic system 800 shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 may be
replaced by a pneumatic system whereas the hydraulic system 800 was
closed (i.e. water was pumped from the water sac 610 to the chamber
605 from where it returned via the tube 612 to the water sac 610),
a pneumatic system may be open. In an open system the water sac 610
would be replaced by an air sac which would pump ambient air from
the heel of the shoe 601 via the tube 611 onto the impeller blades
802. The chamber 605 would be provided with vent holes to allow the
air from the tube 611 to return to the ambient atmosphere. The tube
612 would be superfluous although the air sac would still be
provided with the valve 905 and preferably also the valve 806.
[0077] The use of water to rotate the disc 606 provides the
advantage that, due to the relatively high density of water, it
will be relatively easy to rotate the disc 606. However, if the
water sac 610 is not continuously pumped then viscous damping of
the disc 606 will bring the disc 606 to a halt relatively quickly.
On the other hand, if air is used to rotate the disc 606 then,
although it may be more difficult to rotate the disc 606 due to the
lower density of air, the disc 606 will not be subject to the same
degree of viscous damping and so may rotate for longer.
[0078] Where the chamber contains water or other liquid, the
embodiments described above may be combined so that, for example,
the chamber may contain light affecting particles as well as the
disc or mirrors.
[0079] The shape of the chamber 9 may also be different from that
shown in the Figures. As an example, the chamber 9 may take the
form of the manufacturer's logo, and there may be more than one
chamber provided on the shoe which may have different colour LEDS.
As another example, the chamber may be replaced by a transparent
cuboid.
[0080] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 11 if the chamber
does not contain liquid, it may be possible to dispense with the
chamber 605, although its retention is preferred for safety reasons
and the protection of, for example, the disc 606 or the reflector
assemblies 1001.
[0081] In the embodiments using a motion sensor, the piezoelectric
switch may be replaced by a mechanical switch such as a
cantilevered spring or a pressure switch, to detect pressure
changes in the sole of the shoe which correspond to a wearer's
footsteps, or a mercury tilt switch to respond to changes in
attitude of the shoe due to the footsteps of the wearer.
[0082] The back wall of the chamber 9 may be light reflective to
enhance the effect of the light affecting means on said light
emitted from said LEDs 11.
[0083] The back wall of said chamber may be provided with light
affecting portions which may be light affecting, e.g. light
reflecting, particles embedded in the back wall or may be provided
as light affecting regions of a picture on the back wall formed
using, for example a light reflective paint. This feature may be
provided in place of or in addition to providing light affecting
particles in the chamber.
[0084] The illuminating means may be provided on movement means
(that is, for example, the couplings of the LEDs to the control
unit may include spring elements) such that the illuminating means
move as the wearer moves.
[0085] Further, said light affecting portions on said back wall may
be a picture, or dots.
[0086] In another arrangement, the LEDs may be arranged such that
they are visible through said chamber when viewing said
chamber.
[0087] As described above, when provided, the light affecting
particles are metallic particles such as glitter. These may be
replaced by other types of reflective particles or by coloured
glass or plastic particles or any combination of these. It may also
be possible to use particles that fluoresce or phosphoresce when
illuminated.
[0088] In a further embodiment (not shown), the disc 606 shown in
FIGS. 6 to 9 may be provided with an eccentric weight so that
movement of the shoe 601 causes the weight to swing about the axle
801, thereby causing the disc 606 to undergo damped rotatory
oscillations about its axle 801. In this case, the hydraulic system
may be omitted.
[0089] Hitherto, the embodiments described have used the motion of
the shoe 601 or a pumped fluid to move the light affecting means.
In the embodiment described above with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9,
an electric motor may be used to slowly rotate the disc 606. The
use of an electric motor offers the advantage that the disc 606 may
be rotated even when the wearer of the shoe 601 is stationary, but
has the potential disadvantage that the power drain on the battery
will be increased. Similarly, the mirrors 901 shown in FIG. 10 may
be jostled by the use of miniature solenoids energised under the
control of the microcontroller 703.
[0090] In the embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 10,
the reflective facets 613 of the disc 606 may be replaced by loops
of a reflective ribbon-like material, for example strips of
metallised plastic foil.
[0091] In the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 6
to 11, light from the LEDs 607 is reflected off a reflective
surface (e.g. the reflective facets 613 or the mirrors 901). In
other embodiments (not shown), light from the LEDs 607 may be shone
through refractive elements, for example Fresnel lenses, instead of
being reflected. If the example shown in FIG. 10 were to be
modified for use with refractive elements then the LEDs 607 would
be positioned towards the top of the chamber 605 and the mirrors
901 would be replaced by Fresnel lenses so that the light from the
LEDs 607 could shine through the lenses to form illuminated regions
609.
[0092] It may also be possible to use semiconductor lasers instead
of the LEDs 607. Semiconductor lasers are potentially more
efficient than LEDs, offering a greater battery life for the same
intensity of illumination. Furthermore, the coherent nature of the
light emitted from a laser allows the use of diffractive optical
elements (DOEs) enabling the beam from the laser to be shaped into,
for example, a circle, cross, line or into some other pattern. This
beam shaping may be used to advantageously improve the appearance
of the illuminated regions 609 within the projection area 614.
Furthermore, as those skilled in the art will appreciate, although
DOEs are dispersive they can in some circumstances be used with
wider bandwidth light sources, for example LEDs, especially if
combined with a compensating dispersive material.
[0093] The electrical system described above uses a microcontroller
to control the illumination of the LEDs. In another embodiment, the
LEDs may be connected directly to the battery so that they are
illuminated continuously. Such an embodiment allows the
microcontroller to be dispensed with but has the disadvantage that
the life of the battery will be reduced due to the continuous
illumination.
[0094] In the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 6
to 11, the projection area 614 is on the floor or ground but it
could be on a wall or ceiling or other suitable surface.
[0095] In the embodiments described above with reference to FIGS. 6
to 11, recognisable images may be projected onto the projection
area 614. Examples of recognisable images are trademarks, logos or
user-defined images. User-defined images may be downloaded from a
personal computer to the microcontroller 703 using a communications
link, for example the electrical RS232 serial data interface or a
Bluetooth.TM. wireless interface.
[0096] User defined images may be achieved either-by allowing the
wearer to select an image from a predetermined set of images or by
downloading information specifying the appearance of an image, for
example as pixel data. The ability to project user-defined images
advantageously increases the appeal of such a shoe to the wearer of
the shoe.
[0097] In embodiments where a recognisable image is projected, the
reproduction of the image will generally be improved if the
variation of intensity of illumination of the LEDs 607 is
synchronised with, for example, movement of the disc 606 or mirrors
901. Such synchronization may be achieved by using a sensor such as
a shaft encoder to determine the position of the disc 606 so that
the microcontroller 703 can energise the LEDs 607 appropriately.
The sensor may, for example, be a slotted optoelectric position
sensor or may use inductive position sensing techniques.
Alternatively, if an electric motor or solenoid is used to rotate
the disc 606 or agitate the mirrors 901 or reflectors 1003 then the
energisation of the motor or solenoid may be synchronised with the
energisation of the LEDs 607.
[0098] In the above described embodiments where the light affecting
means is mounted so as to be movable with respect to the article or
chamber, then the light effecting means may be mounted so as to be
rotatable, vibratable, oscillatable, or movable along an eccentric
path, for example.
[0099] In the above described embodiments, the light affecting
means may be arranged to affect light by reflection, refraction
and/or diffraction.
[0100] The light affecting means may alternatively or additionally
be arranged to effect light by affecting polarisation.
[0101] In another embodiment, the chamber may contain a gas, such
as argon or neon, for example, that generates light when an
electrical discharge is passed therethrough. In this case, the
components 11 shown in FIG. 1 may be discharge electrodes and the
element 13 shown in FIG. 1 may comprise a piezoelectric element and
control circuitry so that when a user takes a step, a piezoelectric
crystal is compressed generating a high voltage to cause an
electrical discharge within the chamber so resulting in light
emission. As another possibility, the light generating gas may be
contained within the elements 11, that is the elements may
themselves be discharged tubes such as neon discharge tubes so
that, in this case, when the piezoelectric element is squeezed by
foot pressure, light is generated by the light discharge elements.
In this latter case, the element 13 may contain control circuitry
for controlling the activation of the individual light discharge
elements.
[0102] The features of the embodiments described above may be
combined so that, for example, the light affecting elements
described above with reference to FIG. 1 are also contained within
a chamber having the light affecting disk shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 or
the light affecting elements shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
[0103] The above described piezoelectric drive arrangement may also
be used where the light emitting devices are LEDs rather than light
discharge devices.
[0104] The chamber and control circuit, (or any hydraulic or
pneumatic assembly), may be sold separately from a shoe so that a
shoe manufacturer can fit the chamber and control unit to the shoe.
Also, the illumination unit shown, for example, in FIG. 3 may be
sold separately for fitting to a shoe by a manufacturer.
[0105] As shown, the shoe is a sports shoe, for example a trainer.
The present invention may, however, he applied to any type of
footwear.
[0106] The present invention may also be applied with different
articles of apparel e.g. gloves, t-shirts, shorts, etc. and the
control unit activated by a motion sensor that detects motion of a
wearer or of part of the wearer.
* * * * *