U.S. patent application number 10/459354 was filed with the patent office on 2004-12-16 for trailer hitch alignment apparatus.
Invention is credited to Amerson, James.
Application Number | 20040251659 10/459354 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33476641 |
Filed Date | 2004-12-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040251659 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Amerson, James |
December 16, 2004 |
TRAILER HITCH ALIGNMENT APPARATUS
Abstract
A alignment apparatus for assisting a driver in directing
coupling engagement between a towing vehicle hitch and a trailer
hitch. The apparatus includes a guide carried by the towing vehicle
representing the position of the towing vehicle hitch for being
visible to the driver. A target is carried by the trailer
representing the position of the trailer hitch for being visible to
the driver. The target has a pair of laterally spaced posts
defining a target zone for receiving the guide to align the towing
vehicle hitch with the trailer hitch for coupling engagement. A
sensor is carried by the guide for determining whether the guide is
within the target zone. An indicator is operatively associated with
the sensor for indicating to the driver when the guide is within
the target zone to alert the driver of alignment between the towing
vehicle hitch and the trailer hitch for coupling engagement.
Inventors: |
Amerson, James; (Swansea,
SC) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MCNAIR LAW FIRM, PA
P.O. BOX 10827
GREENVILLE
SC
29603-0827
US
|
Family ID: |
33476641 |
Appl. No.: |
10/459354 |
Filed: |
June 11, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
280/477 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60D 1/36 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
280/477 |
International
Class: |
B60D 001/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A trailer hitch alignment apparatus for assisting a driver in
directing coupling engagement between a towing vehicle hitch and a
trailer hitch, said apparatus comprising: a guide carried by the
towing vehicle representing the position of said towing vehicle
hitch for being visible to the driver; a target carried by the
trailer representing the position of said trailer hitch for being
visible to the driver; said target having a pair of laterally
spaced posts defining a target zone for receiving said guide to
align said towing vehicle hitch with said trailer hitch for
coupling engagement; a sensor carried by said guide for determining
whether said guide is within said target zone; and an indicator
operatively associated with said sensor for indicating to the
driver when said guide is within said target zone to alert the
driver of alignment between said towing vehicle hitch and said
trailer hitch for coupling engagement.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 including a guide positioning member
operatively associate with said guide for vertically aligning said
guide over said towing vehicle hitch.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said guide includes a guide
offsetting member for laterally offsetting said guide; said guide
offsetting member having an aligned position wherein said guide is
positioned vertically above said towing vehicle hitch, and an
offset position wherein said guide is shifted laterally from said
aligned position.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said target includes a target
offsetting member for laterally offsetting said target; said target
offsetting member having a first position wherein said target is
positioned vertically above said trailer hitch, and a second
position wherein said target is shifted laterally from said first
position a distance equal to the lateral shift of said guide in
said offset position so that said target cooperates with said guide
in said offset position to provide an offset visual representation
to the driver as to the position of said towing vehicle hitch and
said trailer hitch for directing coupling engagement.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said guide includes a first
sensor for determining when said guide is entering said target
zone, a second sensor for determining when said guide is aligned
within said target zone for coupling engagement, and a third sensor
for determining when said guide has passed through said target
zone.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said guide including a first
indicator operatively associated with said first sensor for
signaling the driver when said guide is entering said target zone,
a second indicator operatively associated with said second sensor
for signaling the driver when said guide is aligned for coupling
engagement, and a third indicator operatively associated with said
third sensor for signaling the driver when said guide has passed
through said target zone.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 including a guide attachment member
carried by said guide for mounting said guide to said towing
vehicle.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 including a flexible base member
included in said guide interconnecting said guide with said guide
attachment member so that said guide can bend if accidentally
contacting said target during coupling engagement.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 including a target attachment member
carried by said target for mounting said target to the trailer.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 including a flexible base member
included in said target interconnecting said target with said
target attachment member so that said target can bend if
accidentally contacting said guide during coupling engagement.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 including a level indicator carried by
said guide and said target for horizontal alignment of said guide
and said target to facilitate accurate coupling engagement between
said towing vehicle hitch and said trailer hitch.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 including at least one target lighting
member carried by said target for lighting said posts defining said
target zone to increase visibility in low light conditions to
assist the driver in directing the guide into said target zone.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 including at least one guide lighting
member carried by said guide for lighting said guide to increase
visibility in low light conditions to assist the driver in
directing the guide into said target zone.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 including a pivot member carrying said
posts on said target; said pivot member being biased to maintain
said posts in vertical parallel arrangement while allowing said
posts to bend if struck by said guide during coupling
engagement.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said guide is constructed and
arranged to telescope between various lengths so that said guide
can be manipulated to be positioned vertically above said towing
vehicle hitch.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said guide includes a first
arm placed in telescoping arrangement with a second arm; and said
first arm including a series of length reference markings to
indicate the distance said first arm is moved in relation to said
second arm so that the guide can repeatedly be extended an exact
distance from said towing vehicle to align said guide over said
towing vehicle hitch.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein said second arm includes a
hinge interconnecting said second arm to a guide attachment member
for mounting said guide to said towing vehicle; said hinge
including a series of angle reference markings indicating the angle
at which said hinge is positioning said guide in relation to said
guide attachment member.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said target is constructed and
arranged to telescope between various lengths so that said target
zone can be manipulated to be positioned vertically above said
trailer hitch to cooperate with said guide for directing coupling
engagement.
19. A trailer hitch alignment apparatus providing a visual aid to a
driver to assist in directing coupling engagement between a towing
vehicle hitch and a trailer hitch, said apparatus comprising: a
guide adjustably carried by the towing vehicle; a guide positioning
member operatively associate with said guide for vertically
aligning said guide over said towing vehicle hitch; a target
adjustably carried by the trailer in vertical alignment with said
trailer hitch for cooperating with said guide to represent
alignment between said towing vehicle hitch and said trailer hitch
being viewable to the vehicle driver to direct coupling engagement;
at least one sensor included in said guide for determining when
said guide is in alignment with said target; and an indicator
operatively associated with said sensor for indicating to the
driver when said guide is in alignment with said target; whereby a
visual aid is provided by which the driver can align the towing
vehicle hitch with the trailer hitch for coupling engagement.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein said guide positioning member
comprises a laser pointing device carried by said guide; said laser
pointing device emitting a light beam between said guide and said
towing vehicle hitch by which the guide can be vertically aligned
above said towing vehicle hitch for directing coupling
engagement.
21. The apparatus of claim 19 including a target positioning member
operatively associate with said target for vertically aligning said
target above said trailer hitch to cooperate with said guide for
directing coupling engagement.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said target positioning
member comprises a laser pointing device carried by said target;
said laser pointing device emitting a light beam between said
target and said trailer hitch by which the target can be vertically
aligned above said trailer hitch for directing coupling
engagement.
23. A trailer hitch alignment apparatus providing a visual aid to a
driver to assist in directing coupling engagement between a towing
vehicle hitch and a trailer hitch, said apparatus comprising: a
guide carried by the towing vehicle having a guide offsetting
member; said guide offsetting member having an aligned position
wherein said guide is positioned vertically above said towing
vehicle hitch, and an offset position wherein said guide is shifted
laterally from said aligned position for moving the guide to a
location viewable by the driver; a target carried by the trailer
having a target offsetting member; said target offsetting member
having a first position wherein said target is positioned
vertically above said trailer hitch, and a second position wherein
said target is shifted laterally from said first position a
distance equal to the lateral shift of said guide in said offset
position for cooperating with said guide to direct coupling
engagement; whereby said target cooperates with said guide in said
offset position to provide an offset visual representation to the
driver as to the position of said towing vehicle hitch and said
trailer hitch for directing the driver to align said towing vehicle
hitch and trailer hitch for coupling engagement.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 including a guide positioning member
operatively associate with said guide for vertically aligning said
guide over said towing vehicle hitch.
25. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said target includes a pair
of laterally spaced posts defining a target zone for receiving said
guide to align said towing vehicle hitch with said trailer hitch
for coupling engagement.
26. The apparatus of claim 25 including a sensor carried by said
guide for determining whether said guide is within said target
zone.
27. The apparatus of claim 26 including an indicator operatively
associated with said sensor for indicating to the driver when said
guide is within said target zone to alert the driver of alignment
between said towing vehicle hitch and said trailer hitch for
coupling engagement.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates generally to trailer hitches,
and more particularly, to a trailer hitch alignment apparatus for
easily aligning the hitch mechanism of a towing vehicle with the
hitch mechanism of a trailer for coupling engagement.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Alignment of the hitches between a towing vehicle and a
trailer is an area to which considerable attention has been
directed in an effort to simplify the task of engaging the various
hitching components. Because the hitches are not visible from the
drivers seat, the process of aligning the hitches for engagement is
difficult and requires the attention of two people. Typically, one
person will be driving the vehicle and one directing the driver to
align the hitch of the vehicle with the hitch of the trailer for
engagement. When the driver is alone, the problems associated with
the process of alignment can make engagement between large,
otherwise immovable, vehicles extremely difficult. As a result, a
driver is often required to do a considerable amount of maneuvering
of the towing vehicle before properly aligning the hitches.
[0003] In attempts to simplify this process, a variety of apparatus
have been developed. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,901,536 discloses
an apparatus for aligning hitches of towing and towed vehicles. The
invention includes a target assembly attached to the trailer and
aligned with the hitch thereon for cooperating with a sighting
apparatus attached to the towing vehicle. The invention requires
the sighting apparatus to contact a thin pair of wires that signal
when the hitches are aligned. The wires are extremely difficult to
see and easily damaged. Additionally, if the sighting apparatus
were to contact another part of the target assembly during a
misalignment, the rigidity of the structure may cause damage to the
apparatus, towing vehicle, and trailer.
[0004] U.S. Pat. No. 4,961,590 discloses another trailer hitching
apparatus that includes elevated visual reference balls mounted on
elongated rigid post disposed on the trailer and towing vehicle.
The towing vehicle hitch is aligned with the trailer hitch by
driving the towing vehicle backwards such that a visual reference
ball on the trailer is positioned between a pair of visual
reference balls on the towing vehicle. The invention does not
provide any means for determining when the balls are laterally
aligned to prevent the towing vehicle from backing into the trailer
and causing damage. Additionally, the lack of flexibility in the
reference ball post may cause them to break if hit during the
hitching process.
[0005] U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,619 discloses a further example of a
device for guiding alignment in trailer hitching. The device
requires that a towing vehicle attachment visible by the driver
make direct physical contact with a trailer attachment to indicate
proper alignment. Again, with direct contact, the attachments may
be damaged or dislodged, preventing accurate alignment of the
hitching components.
[0006] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a trailer hitch alignment apparatus that creates a visual
reference for the towing vehicle driver as to the actual alignment
positions of the hitch components to assist the driver in directing
coupling engagement between the towing vehicle and trailer hitching
components.
[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
trailer hitch alignment apparatus that includes a vehicle
attachment cooperating with a trailer attachment through at least
one sensor to determine alignment.
[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
trailer hitch alignment apparatus that includes a bendable vehicle
attachment and trailer attachment so that accidental contact
between the vehicle attachment and trailer attachment will not
cause damage.
[0009] It is an object of the present invention to provide a target
zone on the trailer and an alignment guide on the vehicle from
which the vehicle driver can receive immediate visual feedback from
the driver's seat as to the proper orientation of the hitching
components.
[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
trailer hitch alignment apparatus with an indicator for notifying
the towing vehicle driver that the vehicle attachment and trailer
attachment are aligned for coupling engagement.
[0011] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
trailer hitch alignment apparatus that is quick and simple to
install and remove from the towing vehicle and trailer.
[0012] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
trailer hitch alignment apparatus that is adjustable to accommodate
use on a variety of vehicles and trailers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] The above objectives are accomplished according to the
present invention by providing a trailer hitch alignment apparatus
for assisting a driver in directing coupling engagement between a
towing vehicle hitch and a trailer hitch. The apparatus includes a
guide carried by the towing vehicle representing the position of
the towing vehicle hitch and being constructed and arranged to be
visible to the driver. A target is carried by the trailer
representing the position of the trailer hitch and being
constructed and arranged to be visible to the driver. The target
has a pair of laterally spaced posts defining a target zone for
receiving the guide to align the towing vehicle hitch with the
trailer hitch for coupling engagement. A sensor is carried by the
guide for determining whether the guide is within the target zone.
An indicator is operatively associated with the sensor for
indicating to the driver when the guide is within the target zone
to alert the driver of alignment between the towing vehicle hitch
and the trailer hitch for coupling engagement.
[0014] In a further advantageous embodiment, a guide positioning
member is carried by the guide for vertically positioning the guide
over the towing vehicle hitch. Additionally, a target positioning
member is carried by the target for vertically positioning the
target above the trailer hitch.
[0015] Preferably, the guide includes a guide offsetting member for
laterally offsetting the guide. The guide offsetting member has an
aligned position wherein the guide is positioned vertically above
the towing vehicle hitch, and an offset position wherein the guide
is shifted laterally from the aligned position. Accordingly, the
target also includes a target offsetting member for laterally
offsetting the target. The target offsetting member has a first
position wherein the target is positioned vertically above the
trailer hitch, and a second position wherein the target is shifted
laterally from the first position a distance equal to the lateral
shift of the guide in the offset position so that the target
cooperates with the guide in the offset position to provide an
offset visual representation to the driver as to the position of
the towing vehicle hitch and the trailer hitch for directing
coupling engagement.
[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment, the guide includes a
first sensor for determining when the guide is entering the target
zone, a second sensor for determining when the guide is aligned
within the target zone for coupling engagement, and a third sensor
for determining when the guide has passed through the target zone.
The guide also includes a first indicator operatively associated
with the first sensor for signaling the driver when the guide is
entering the target zone, a second indicator operatively associated
with the second sensor for signaling the driver when the guide is
aligned for coupling engagement, and a third indicator operatively
associated with the third sensor for signaling the driver when the
guide has passed through the target zone.
[0017] A guide attachment member is carried by the guide for
mounting the guide to the towing vehicle, preferably, in a
releasable manner. A target attachment member is carried by the
target for mounting the guide to the trailer, also preferably in a
releasable manner to allow the guide and target to be used on a
plurality of vehicles.
[0018] A level indicator is carried by the guide and the target for
horizontal alignment of the guide and the target to facilitate
accurate coupling engagement between the towing vehicle hitch and
the trailer hitch.
[0019] Additionally, at least one target lighting member is carried
by the target for lighting the target posts to increase visibility
in low light conditions to assist the driver in directing the guide
into the target zone. Also, at least one guide lighting member is
carried by said guide for lighting the guide to increase visibility
in low light conditions to assist the driver in directing the guide
into the target zone.
[0020] A pivot member is provided for carrying the posts on the
target. The pivot member is biased to maintain the posts in
vertical parallel arrangement while allowing the posts to bend if
struck by the guide during the process of coupling engagement.
[0021] In a further advantageous embodiment, the guide is
constructed and arranged to telescope between various lengths so
that the guide can be manipulated to be positioned vertically above
the towing vehicle hitch. Further, the target is constructed and
arranged to telescope between various lengths so that the target
zone can be manipulated to be positioned vertically above the
trailer hitch to cooperate with the guide for directing coupling
engagement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The construction designed to carry out the invention will
hereinafter be described, together with other features thereof. The
invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the
following specification and by reference to the accompanying
drawings forming a part thereof, wherein an example of the
invention is shown and wherein:
[0023] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the guide carried on the
tailgate of a truck for aligning with the target according to the
invention;
[0024] FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the guide carried on the
rear of a vehicle in a location not viewable to the driver but
aligned above the vehicle hitch for aligning with the target
according to the invention;
[0025] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the guide and target
laterally offset to be in a position viewable to the driver
according to the invention;
[0026] FIG. 4 shows a detailed perspective view of the target
according to the invention;
[0027] FIG. 5 shows a detailed perspective view of the guide
according to the invention;
[0028] FIGS. 6a, 6b, and 6c show the interaction between the guide
and target for signaling to the driver the relative positions of
the vehicle hitch and trailer hitch for alignment according to the
invention;
[0029] FIG. 7 shows an alternative attachment member for mounting
the guide and target to the vehicle according to the invention;
[0030] FIGS. 8a and 8b show a side view of a flexible member for
interconnecting the guide with an attachment member according to
the invention; and,
[0031] FIG. 9 shows and alternative embodiment of said guide
according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0032] With reference to the drawings, the invention will now be
described in more detail. Referring to FIG. 1, a trailer hitch
alignment apparatus is shown for assisting a driver in directing
coupling engagement between a towing vehicle hitch and a trailer
hitch. The apparatus includes a guide, designated generally as 10,
carried by towing vehicle 12, representing the position of towing
vehicle hitch 14 and being constructed and arranged to be visible
to the driver when mounted to the rear of towing vehicle 12. A
target, designated generally as 16, is carried by trailer 18,
representing the position of trailer hitch 20 and being constructed
and arranged to be visible to the driver to interact with guide 10
to provide a visible representation to the driver as to the
alignment locations of the towing vehicle hitch and the trailer
hitch for directing coupling engagement. As best shown in FIGS. 1
and 2, guide 16 is positioned vertically above towing vehicle hitch
14, and target 16 is positioned vertically above trailer hitch 20.
In this arrangement, by locating the guide and target sufficiently
above the towing vehicle hitch and trailer hitch to be viewable by
the driver, the driver may back up the towing vehicle by directing
the guide at the target, thereby directing the towing vehicle hitch
into alignment for coupling engagement with the trailer hitch.
[0033] Referring to FIG. 5, a guide positioning member 22 is
carried by the guide. As best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, guide
positioning member 22 is provided for vertically positioning the
guide over the towing vehicle hitch. Additionally, referring to
FIG. 4, a target positioning member 24 is carried by the target. As
best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, target positioning member 24 is
provided for vertically positioning the target above the trailer
hitch. This ensures that guide 10 and target 16 can properly align
towing vehicle hitch 14 and trailer hitch 20 for coupling
engagement.
[0034] In the preferred embodiment, guide positioning member 22 and
target positioning member 24 comprises laser pointing devices which
emits a powerful light beam 26 between guide 10 and towing vehicle
hitch 14, as well as between target 16 and trailer hitch 20,
respectively. Accordingly, by shining the laser pointer downward
from guide 10 onto towing vehicle hitch 14, the guide can be
accurately vertically aligned above the towing vehicle hitch.
Furthermore, by shining the laser pointer downward from target 16
onto trailer hitch 20, the target can be accurately vertically
aligned above the trailer hitch to cooperate with guide 10 for very
accurate alignment for coupling engagement. Alternatively, a
retractable rod could be carried by the guide for extending between
the guide and towing vehicle hitch for vertically aligning the
guide over the vehicle hitch. As well, a retractable rod could
alternatively be carried by the target for extending between the
target and trailer hitch for vertically aligning the target over
the vehicle hitch.
[0035] Referring to FIG. 1, target 16 has a pair of laterally
spaced posts 28a and 28b. The area between the posts defines a
target zone, designated generally as 30. Guide 10 is directed by
the driver to be received between posts 28a and 28b in target zone
30. When guide 10 is properly positioned between the posts as
described herein below, this represents to the driver an alignment
of towing vehicle hitch 14 with trailer hitch 20 for coupling
engagement.
[0036] Because it can be difficult to tell when guide 10 is within
target zone 30 of target 16, at least one sensor 32a is carried by
guide 10 for determining whether the guide is within target zone
30. Additionally, at least one indicator 34a is operatively
associated with the sensor for indicating to the driver when the
guide is within target zone 30 to alert the driver of alignment
between the towing vehicle hitch and the trailer hitch for coupling
engagement. While indicator 34a could be located in a remote
location from guide 10 and target 16, such as in the vehicle
passenger compartment, it is preferably carried by guide 10.
[0037] Referring to FIG. 5, in the preferred embodiment, guide 10
includes an elongated sensor bar 33 for supporting a plurality of
sensors and indicators to represent to the driver when the guide is
approaching target zone 30, when the guide is aligned within target
zone 30, and when the guide has passed to far through target zone
30. Sensor bar 33 includes a first sensor 32b carried at a first
distal end of sensor bar 33. A second sensor 32a is positioned in
the middle of sensor bar 33 and is generally vertically aligned
with guide positioning member 22. A third sensor 32c is carried on
a second distal end of sensor bar 33. Sensor bar 33 includes a
first indicator 34b carried at the first distal end of sensor bar
33, a second indicator 34a carried in the middle of sensor bar 33,
and a third indicator carried at the second distal end of sensor
bar 33.
[0038] Preferably, sensors 32a, 32b, and 32c are proximity sensors
adapted for detecting the location of sensor bar 33 in relation to
posts 28a and 28b of target 16. It is commonly known to a person
skilled in the art that a variety of other sensors may also be
used, such as photoelectric sensors which read the position of the
posts, or electromagnetic sensors which would read the presence of
magnets carried by the posts. Preferably, indicators 34a, 34b, and
34c are lights of a single or multiple colors carried by sensor bar
33 that correspond to the position of sensors 32a, 32b, and 32c
when entering target zone 30, respectively. Alternatively, a sound
generating indicator may be operatively associated with the sensors
to signal a particular sound when the corresponding sensor is
activated.
[0039] Referring to FIG. 6a, as first sensor 32b enters target zone
30 between posts 28a and 28b of target 16, first sensor 32b detects
the proximity of posts 28a and 28b as sensor bar 33 is entering
target zone 30. First indicator 34b is operatively associated with
first sensor 32b for signaling to the driver that guide 10 is
entering the target zone, in which case that driver can slow the
speed of the towing vehicle.
[0040] Referring to FIG. 6b, as second sensor 32a enters target
zone 30 between posts 28a and 28b of target 16, second sensor 32a
detects the proximity of posts 28a and 28b as sensor bar 33 is
entering target zone 30. As noted above, second sensor 32a is
carried on sensor bar 33 vertically aligned above guide positioning
member 22 for detecting the proper alignment position of towing
vehicle hitch 14 over trailer hitch 20. As target 16 is vertically
aligned above trailer hitch 20 so that target zone 30 represents
the position of trailer hitch 20, when sensor 32a is within target
zone 30, the hitches are aligned for coupling engagement. If second
sensor 32a is not vertically aligned with towing vehicle hitch 14,
alignment between the hitches may not be achieved. Second indicator
34a is operatively associated with second sensor 32a for signaling
to the driver that guide 10 is aligned within target zone 30,
representing alignment between towing vehicle hitch 14 and trailer
hitch 20 for coupling engagement.
[0041] Referring to FIG. 6c, as third sensor 32c enters target zone
30 between posts 28a and 28b of target 16, third sensor 32c detects
the proximity of posts 28a and 28b as sensor bar 33 is leaving
target zone 30. Third indicator 34c is operatively associated with
third sensor 32c for signaling to the driver that guide 10 is
leaving the target zone, in which case that driver can reverse the
towing vehicles direction and slowly pull forward until second
indicator 34a signals alignment.
[0042] In a more simplified embodiment, sensor bar 33 includes only
a single proximity sensor 32a vertically aligned above guide
positioning member 22 for detecting the proper alignment position
of towing vehicle hitch 14 over trailer hitch 20 when positioned in
target zone 30. Two indicator lights 34a and 34b are then
operatively associated with the single proximity sensor. In this
embodiment, indicator lights 34a and 34b are different colors,
preferably red and green, in which the green light remains on until
proximity sensor 32a detects it is within target zone 30, and then
the red light comes on to signal the driver to stop.
[0043] Referring to FIG. 5, guide 10 includes a guide offsetting
member 36 for laterally offsetting the guide in situations when the
guide is not viable to the driver when aligned vertically over the
towing vehicle hitch. Referring to FIG. 2, guide offsetting member
36 has an aligned position, designated generally as 40, wherein
guide 10 is positioned vertically above the towing vehicle hitch
using guide positioning member 22. This is important as the guide
must first be aligned over the towing vehicle hitch before it can
be laterally offset to a position viewable by the driver. As best
shown in FIG. 3, guide offsetting member 36 includes an offset
position, designated generally as 42, wherein guide 10 is shifted
laterally from aligned position 40, so that the guide is viewable
by the driver through the rear window of the vehicle. In the
aligned position of FIG. 2, the intersection of the two vehicle
doors 48 blocks the drivers view of the guide for directing
alignment with target 16. The guide offsetting member allows for a
wide range of adaptability to a variety of vehicles.
[0044] Referring to FIG. 5, because target 16 must cooperate with
guide 10 for directing coupling engagement, target 16 also includes
a target offsetting member 38 for laterally offsetting the target.
Referring to FIG. 2, accordingly, target offsetting member 38 has a
first position, designated generally as 44, wherein target 16 is
positioned vertically above trailer hitch 20 using target
positioning member 24. As noted above with guide 10, it is first
important to align the target vertically over the trailer hitch
before shifting the target laterally. Referring to FIG. 3, target
offsetting member 38 also includes a second position, designated
generally as 46, wherein target 16 is shifted laterally from first
position 44 a distance equal to the lateral shift of guide 10 in
offset position 42 so that the target cooperates with the guide in
the offset position to provide an offset visual representation to
the driver as to the position of the towing vehicle hitch and the
trailer hitch for directing coupling engagement.
[0045] Referring to FIG. 4, target 16 includes a target attachment
member 50 for mounting the target to the trailer. Preferably,
target attachment member 50 is a magnet 51 with sufficient strength
to carry target 16 in a vertically mounted orientation or a
horizontally mounted orientation.
[0046] Referring to FIG. 5, guide 10 includes a guide attachment
member 54 for mounting the guide to the towing vehicle, preferably,
using the magnet embodiment discussed in FIG. 4 for the target
attachment member.
[0047] Referring to FIG. 7, an alternative attachment member is
shown for use with both target 16 and guide 10, which is comprised
of a series of suction cups 52 that can be used to mount target 16
or guide 10 to a smooth surface, such as a window or vehicle body
panel. Target attachment member 50 and guide attachment member 54
are preferably releasable to allow the guide and target to be used
on a plurality of vehicles, but may also be installed at various
locations on the vehicle and trailer using any number of commonly
known securing means such as screws, clamps, brackets, nuts and
bolts, adhesives, and other snap together, friction fit connectors
which are able to support and hold the guide and target for
directing coupling engagement.
[0048] Referring to FIG. 4, target 16 is shown constructed and
arranged to include a plurality of telescoping segments that allow
the target to be moved between various lengths so that target zone
30 can be manipulated to be positioned vertically above the trailer
hitch to cooperate with the guide for directing coupling
engagement. The telescoping segments provide adaptability in
adjusting the target to work with a variety of trailers and
different mounting positions. The target includes a lower segment,
designated generally as 56, includes a first leg portion 58
integrating target offsetting member 38, which slidably engages a
second leg portion 60 in a telescoping arrangement. The target
includes a middle segment, designated generally as 62, includes a
first leg portion 64 slidably engaging a second leg portion 66 in a
telescoping arrangement. The target includes an upper segment,
designated generally as 68, includes a first leg portion 70
slidably engaging a second leg portion 72 in a telescoping
arrangement. Lower segment 56, middle segment 62, and upper segment
68 are pivotally interconnected so that target 16 can be
manipulated to adjust the position of the target both vertically
and horizontally to position target zone 30 over trailer hitch, and
even offset the target as describe in detail above.
[0049] Target 16 further includes a crossbar 74 carried at one end
of upper segment 68 that extends perpendicular to upper segment 68
for carrying the posts 28a and 28b. The posts extend perpendicular
to the crossbar in a laterally spaced arrangement on the crossbar
to provide target zone 30 for receiving guide 10. Preferably,
crossbar 74 is swivel connected to upper segment 68 so that once
aligned vertically over trailer hitch 20 as described above,
crossbar 74 can be rotated to allow for directing coupling
engagement at an angle. Pivot members 76a and 76b, in the form of
universal joints, are provided for interconnecting posts 28a and
28b with crossbar 74, respectively. The pivot members are biased to
maintain the posts in a vertical parallel arrangement, while
allowing the posts to bend if struck by the guide during the
process of coupling engagement. The pivot members are biased using
springs 78a and 78b having a first end affixed to crossbar 74 and a
second end affixed to posts 28a and 28b, respectively. Other means
commonly known to a person skilled in the art can also be used to
maintain the posts in parallel arrangement to crossbar 74, while
allowing the posts to bend if struck by the guide. For example,
pivot members 76a and 76b may also comprise a flexible rubber leg
segment 102 of the type shown in FIG. 8a, or a flexible spring leg
segment 104 of the type shown in FIG. 8b.
[0050] Additionally, in the preferred embodiment, target lighting
members 80a and 80b are carried by posts 28a and 28b for lighting
the posts to increase visibility in low light conditions to assist
the driver in directing the guide between the posts and into target
zone 30. Further, posts 28a and 28b can be made from semi-opaque
plastic to allow for target lighting members 80a and 80b to cause
the entire post to light up. As well, guide 10 may also be
constructed to include a guide lighting member 106, best shown in
FIG. 9, preferably carried by sensor bar 33, for lighting the guide
to increase visibility in low light conditions to assist the driver
in directing the guide between the posts and into target zone 30.
Preferably, sensor bar 33 is made from semi-opaque plastic to allow
for guide lighting member 106 to cause the entire sensor bar to
light up.
[0051] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, posts 28a and 28b are capable of
telescoping between a retracted position as illustrated in FIG. 4,
and an extended position as illustrated in FIG. 3 so that the posts
can be positioned to be viewed by the driver.
[0052] Referring to FIG. 5, guide 10 is shown constructed and
arranged to included a plurality of telescoping segments that allow
the guide to be moved between various lengths so that guide 10 can
be manipulated to be positioned vertically above the towing vehicle
hitch to cooperate with target 16 for directing coupling
engagement. The telescoping segments provide adaptability in
adjusting the guide to work with a variety of towing vehicles and
different mounting positions. The guide includes a lower segment,
designated generally as 82, includes a first leg portion 84
integrating guide offsetting member 36, which slidably engages a
second leg portion 86 in a telescoping arrangement. The guide
includes a middle segment, designated generally as 88, includes a
first leg portion 90 slidably engaging a second leg portion 92 in a
telescoping arrangement. The guide includes an upper segment,
designated generally as 94 includes a first leg portion 96 slidably
engaging a second leg portion 98 in a telescoping arrangement.
Sensor bar 33 is pivotally interconnected to upper segment 94.
Lower segment 82, middle segment 88, and upper segment 94 are
pivotally interconnected so that guide 10 can be manipulated to
adjust the position of the guide both vertically and horizontally
to position the guide to cooperate with target zone 30 and align
vertically over towing vehicle hitch 14, and even offset the guide
as describe in detail above.
[0053] Preferably, a level indicator 100 is carried by the guide
and the target for horizontal alignment of the guide and the target
to facilitate accurate coupling engagement between the towing
vehicle hitch and the trailer hitch.
[0054] Referring to FIGS. 8a and 8b, a flexible base member, in the
form of a rubber leg segment 102, or a spring leg segment 104, is
adapted for carrying guide 10 and target 16 on attachment member
50. The flexible base member allows the target or guide to bend at
its base if accidentally struck during coupling engagement to
prevent damage.
[0055] Referring to FIG. 9, an alternative embodiment of the guide
is provided in which sensor bar 33 is vertically oriented with
indicators 34a-c being carried on the sensor bar in a vertically
spaced arrangement facing the driver. This can provide improved
reference to the driver for aligning the guide and target, as well
as better visibility of the multiple indicator lights. Sensors
32a-c must remain in horizontal arrangement for detecting when the
guide is entering and exiting the target zone. Accordingly, in the
embodiment of FIG. 9, the sensors are positioned below sensor bar
33 and horizontally spaced on first arm 108 so that sensor 32a is
still vertically aligned with guide positioning member 22 for the
reasons set forth above. As shown in FIG. 9, the alternative
embodiment of the guide includes first arm 108 placed in
telescoping arrangement with a second arm 110. The first arm
including a series of length reference markings 112 to indicate the
distance first arm 108 is moved in relation to second arm 110 so
that the guide can repeatedly be extended an exact distance from
the towing vehicle to align the guide over the towing vehicle
hitch. Additionally, second arm 110 includes a hinge 114
interconnecting the second arm to a guide attachment member for
mounting the guide to the towing vehicle. The hinge including a
series of angle reference markings 116 indicating the angle at
which the hinge is positioning the guide in relation to the guide
attachment member. The hinge allows the guide to be carried
horizontally while the guide attachment member 54 may be mounted to
the towing vehicle at an angle.
[0056] In order to supply power to the guide and target, a battery
pack my be incorporated. Alternatively, any number of commonly
known wiring means may be used to connect the guide to the vehicles
power supply or the target to the trailer power supply. In a
further advantageous embodiment, a power monitoring light is
included in the target and the guide for indicating a sufficient
power supply to operate the target and guide.
[0057] While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been
described using specific terms, such description is for
illustrative purposes only, and it is to be understood that changes
and variations may be made without departing from the spirit or
scope of the following claims.
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