U.S. patent application number 10/675974 was filed with the patent office on 2004-12-09 for sealing strip composition.
Invention is credited to Auerbach, Melvin.
Application Number | 20040249033 10/675974 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 25048527 |
Filed Date | 2004-12-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040249033 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Auerbach, Melvin |
December 9, 2004 |
Sealing strip composition
Abstract
The inventions relates to a composition adapted for use as a
sealing strip in the manufacture of insulating structures. The
composition includes a polymeric base material, a cross linking
agent, an adhesion promoter and less than 10% tackifier. The
invention further relates to an insulating structure including
first and second panes with the sealing strip positioned
therebetween.
Inventors: |
Auerbach, Melvin;
(Twinsburg, OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
HERTEN BURSTEIN SHERIDAN CEVASCO BOTINELLI & LITT
Court Plaza North
25 Main Street
Hackensack
NJ
07601
US
|
Family ID: |
25048527 |
Appl. No.: |
10/675974 |
Filed: |
October 2, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10675974 |
Oct 2, 2003 |
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09757614 |
Jan 11, 2001 |
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6686002 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
524/261 ;
524/394 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 428/31641 20150401;
C08K 5/5415 20130101; Y10T 428/31826 20150401; C08K 5/04 20130101;
Y10T 428/31844 20150401; Y10S 428/913 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
524/261 ;
524/394 |
International
Class: |
C08K 005/24; C08K
005/04 |
Claims
1. A composition adapted for use as a sealing strip in the
manufacture of insulating structures, comprising: a polymeric base
material; a cross linking agent: an adhesion promoter; and less
than 10% tackifier by weight.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cross linking
agent is chosen from the group consisting of divalent metal oxides,
divalent salts of organic fatty acids, organic fatty acids, zinc
oxide, zinc stearate, stearic acid, zinc octoate, tin octoate and
calcium stearate.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cross linking
agent is zinc octoate.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion
promoter is chosen from the group consisting of
organopolysiloxanes, organosilanes, organoaminosilanes,
epoxysilanes, thiosilanes, organosilanols, alkoxysilanes,
acetoxysilanes and ketoxysilanes.
5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion
promoter is chosen from the group consisting of
vinyltriethoxysilane, methyltris(isopropenoxy)silane,
(N,N-Dimethyl-3-aminopropyl) silane,
gamma-glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane, polydimethylsiloxane and
N-beta-(aminoethyl)-gamma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion
promoter is organoaminosilane.
7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tackifier is
chosen from the group consisting of organic monomers, oligomers and
polymers of hydrogenated C5 and C9 resins, C5 hydrogenated resins,
polyterpene resins, pentaerythritol esters of hydrogenated wood
resins, phenolic polyterpene resins, alpha pinene resins, dipentene
resins, hydrogenated C5 esters, cycloalkene resins, phenol-aldehyde
resins, rosin acids and esters, dipentene resins, petroleum
hydrocarbon resins and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon resins.
8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the tackifier is
C5 hydrogenated resins.
9. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the cross lining
agent is chosen from the group consisting of divalent metal oxides,
divalent salts of organic fatty acids, organic fatty acids, zinc
oxide, zinc stearate, stearic acid, zinc octoate, tin octoate and
calcium stearate.
10. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the adhesion
promoter is chosen from the group consisting of
organopolysiloxanes, organosilanes, organoaminosilanes,
epoxysilanes, thiosilanes, organosilanols, alkoxysilanes,
acetoxysilanes and ketoxysilanes.
11. The composition according to claim 8, wherein the polymeric
base material includes compounds chosen from the group consisting
of polyisobutylene/polyisoprene copolymer, polyisobutylene polymer
and brominated olefin polymer.
12. The composition according to claim 1, further including a
filler, molecular sieve and plasticizer.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 09/757,614, filed Jan. 11, 2001, entitled "Sealing Strip
Composition", which is currently pending.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The invention relates to a sealing strip used in the
construction of insulating, double pane structures. More
particularly, the invention relates to a sealing strip composition
comprising of a polymeric base material(s), a cross linking agent,
an adhesion promoter, fillers, molecular sieves, plasticizers and
less than 10% tackifier.
[0004] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0005] Various sealing structures have been developed for use in
the fabrication of insulating glass structures. These sealing
structures are generally positioned between adjacent panes and act
to maintain the panes in a spaced relationship. The sealing
structure must also prevent the passage of undesirable materials
within the space defined between the adjacent panels. The passage
of, for example, water vapor, leads to the formation of undesirable
condensation between the panes. Once such condensation has made its
way within the space between the panes, the double pane becomes
unuseable.
[0006] With this in mind, a sealing structure must be optimized to
maintain the spacing between the panes, adhere to the surface of
the panes so as to create a barrier to the passage of vapor between
the sealing structure and the pane, and be substantially
impermeable to vapor through the sealing structure itself. A
variety of sealing structures are known to exist, but each is known
to possess shortcomings requiring modification of the base sealing
material through the inclusion of various structural additives such
as spacers and vapor barriers.
[0007] For example, and with reference to U.S. Pat. No. 5,855,972
to Konrad H. Kaeding, a sealant strip for use in the fabrication of
insulating glass is disclosed. In the '972 patent, Kaeding provides
examples of using a deformable sealant strip to manufacture
insulating glass for use in window systems. Although he makes some
strides in overcoming previous deficiencies in analogous systems,
he fails to completely resolve the issues of simplicity, resistance
to compression, good adhesion and ease of manufacture. He gives
many examples of "grafting polymers onto the backbone of the Exxon
Exxpro polymers", but he does not obtain the desired product
without further manipulation. However, Kaeding was not able to
resolve all issues and obtain the optimum synergy.
[0008] Kaeding claims to provide excellent adhesion, but offers no
data. He claims to have a system that is resistant to compression,
but uses "staples" within the sealant strip to maintain the desired
dimensions and to prevent compression. In addition, he discusses
the use of plastic and/or metal vapor barriers to prevent the
ingress of water and other external materials into the cavity of
the insulating glass unit. He also uses several complex "curing"
systems.
[0009] All these issues are overcome in accordance with the present
invention by the simple use of polymers and a dual curing/adhesion
promoting system. The present invention overcomes these
deficiencies with a simplified cross-linking system to prevent
compression which occurs over a period of time and a grafting of
silane type adhesion promoters onto the backbone of the Exxon
polymers.
[0010] Also, in one embodiment of the present invention the present
sealing system takes advantage of using a liquid silane compound
and a liquid cross-linking agent, both of which facilitate the ease
of incorporating these materials into the elastomer matrix to
provide a far more homogeneous product.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to
provide a composition adapted for use as a sealing strip in the
manufacture of insulating structures. The composition includes a
polymeric base material(s), a cross linking agent, an adhesion
promoter, fillers, molecular sieves and plasticizers and less than
10% by weight tackifier.
[0012] It is also an object of the present invention to provide a
composition wherein the cross linking agent is chosen from the
group consisting of divalent metal oxides, divalent salts of
organic fatty acids, organic fatty acids, zinc oxide, zinc
stearate, stearic acid, zinc octoate (solution and solid), tin
octoate and calcium stearate.
[0013] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a
composition wherein the cross linking agent is zinc octoate in
solution.
[0014] It is another object of the present invention to provide a
composition wherein the adhesion promoter is chosen from the group
consisting of organopolysiloxanes, organosilanes,
organoaminosilanes, epoxysilanes, thiosilanes, organosilanols,
alkoxysilanes, acetoxysilanes, and ketoxysilanes.
[0015] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide
a composition wherein the adhesion promoter is an
organoaminosilane.
[0016] It is still a further object of the present invention to
provide a composition wherein the tackifier is chosen from the
group consisting of organic monomers, oligomers and polymers,
hydrogenated C5 and C9 resins, C5 hydrogenated resins, polyterpene
resins, pentaerythritol esters of hydrogenated wood resins,
phenolic polyterpene resins, alpha pinene resins, dipentene resins,
hydrogenated C5 esters, cycloalkene resins, phenol-aldehyde resins,
rosin acids and esters, dipentene resins, petroleum hydrocarbon
resins and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon resins.
[0017] It is also an object of the present invention to provide a
composition further including one or more fillers.
[0018] It is also another object of the present invention to
provide a composition wherein the polymeric base material includes
compounds comprising polyisobutylene/polyisoprene copolymers,
polyisobutylene polymers, brominated olefin polymers, copolymers of
polisobutylene and para-methylstyrene, copolymers of
polyisobutylene and brominated para-methylstyrene, butyl
rubber-copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene, ethylene-propylene
polymers, polysulfide polymers, polyurethane polymers, and styrene
butadiene polymers.
[0019] It is a further object of the present invention to provide
an insulating glass structure including a first pane, a second pane
and a sealing strip as discussed above positioned between the first
pane and the second pane.
[0020] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent from the following detailed description when viewed
in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which set forth
certain embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a glass double pane
structure in accordance with the present invention.
[0022] FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view of a glass double pane
structure in accordance with the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0023] The detailed embodiments of the present invention are
disclosed herein. It should be understood, however, that the
disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which
may be embodied in various forms. Therefore, the details disclosed
herein are not to be interpreted as limited, but merely as the
basis for the claims and as a basis for teaching one skilled in the
art how to make and/or use the invention.
[0024] With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, an insulating glass
structure 1 incorporating a sealing strip 14 providing separation
of adjacent panes 10, 12 and sealing of the space therebetween is
shown. As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the
inventive concepts of the present sealing strip 14 maybe applied in
various manners without departing from the spirit of the present
invention. For example, it is contemplated that the present sealing
strip may be used in conjunction with other materials, for example,
various types of glass, including, clear float glass, annealed
glass, tempered glass, solar glass, tinted glass, and Low-E glass,
acrylic sheets and polycarbonate sheets.
[0025] In accordance with the present invention, the sealing strip
14 is applied in the construction of a double pane glass structure.
The insulating glass structure, therefore, generally includes a
first pane 10 and a second pane 12 separated by a sealing strip 14
positioned between the first pane 10 and the second pane 12. The
use of a sealing strip 14 in accordance with the present invention
provides improved adhesion, vapor barrier characteristics and
compression resistant characteristics. As a result, the present
sealing strip 14 may be readily formed and applied without the need
for supplemental vapor barriers and spacers commonly found in prior
art sealing devices.
[0026] Vapor barriers are generally used in prior art devices when
the sealant system does not have a good moisture vapor transmission
rate, that is, it allows moisture to travel through the sealant at
a rate that would allow too much moisture into the air space
between the panes causing condensation between the panes. These
vapor barriers may also be used as mechanical spacers to maintain a
certain thickness of airspace in the window. The present sealing
strip offers excellent moisture vapor transmission rates. In
addition, the rheology of the composition is such that due to
internal cross lining of the materials, the sealing strip will
withstand attempts for compression and it will maintain the air
space with no additional help from a supplemental vapor barrier
spacer. The theoretical cross linking agent in accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention is disclosed below
1
[0027] The preferred material prepared by the use of both the
silane adhesion promoter and the cross linking agent provides the
unique property which allows only minimal compression set when put
under constant stress due to the cross linking of the material. If
one uses too great a quantity of either material, one can get less
than 0.001 inch of compression set. However, this makes the
material very tough and almost impossible to handle. In addition,
when such material is used to manufacture an insulating glass unit
the adhesion to glass is reduced. It is only through the unique
combination of the correct amount of silane and cross linking
agents that one is capable of obtaining a material which is
handable, gives good adhesion and resists compression set.
[0028] In addition, this reinforcing can be further enhanced by the
use of appropriate fillers as seen in the formulation. This allows
the formulator a third alternate in controlling the resistance to
compression.
[0029] When put under a constant pressure of 30 pounds per square
inch for weeks at a time, the compression set is less than 0.030
inch.
[0030] The sealing strip in accordance with the present invention
is generally composed of a polymeric base material, a cross linking
agent, an adhesion promoter, plasticizers (or oils or diluents),
fillers, molecular sieves and less than 10% by weight tackifier.
The use of a cross linking agent and adhesion promoter in
combination with less than 10% tackifier by weight results in a
sealing strip offering improved compression and adhesion
characteristics. This allows the sealing strip to be used in the
fabrication of insulating glass structures without the need for
additional spacers and vapor barriers.
[0031] In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, the polymeric base material comprises greater than
approximately 10%, preferably approximately 15-40%, and most
preferably approximately 15-25%, by weight of the sealing strip
composition. The polymeric base material is composed of compounds
comprising polyisobutylene/polyisoprene copolymers (e.g., Exxon
Butyl), polyisobutylene polymers (e.g. Exxon Vistanex), brominated
olefin polymers (e.g., Exxon Exxpro) and petroleum hydrocarbon
oil.
[0032] The cross linking agent comprises approximately 0.25-5.00%
by weight, and preferably, approximately 0.50-1.50% by weight, of
the sealing strip composition. The cross linking agent is chosen
from the group consisting of divalent metal oxides, divalent salts
of organic fatty acids, organic fatty acids, zinc oxide, zinc
stearate, stearic acid, zinc octoate (solution and/or solid), tin
octoate and calcium stearate.
[0033] Where zinc oxide is used it usually needs accelerators such
as sulfur compounds and complex vulcanization systems. While
specific accelerators are disclosed above in accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are many other
known accelerator systems which may be used in accordance with the
present invention. The salts of calcium, tin and zinc used in
accordance with the present invention also require accelerator
systems.
[0034] In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, and as discussed below with reference to the various
examples presented, zinc octoate solution is a preferred cross
linking agent for use in accordance with the present invention. In
addition, it has been found that approximately a 17-19% zinc
octoate solution works better than 100% solid zinc octoate in
accordance with preferred embodiments of the present invention.
While the use of accelerators is described above with reference to
a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in
the art will appreciate that the present invention may be practiced
without the use of accelerators.
[0035] The adhesion promoter comprises approximately 0.25-7.00% by
weight, and preferably approximately 0.50-1.50% by weight, of the
sealing strip composition. The adhesion promoter is chosen from the
group consisting of organopolysiloxanes, organosilanes,
aminosilanes, epoxysilanes, thiosilanes, organosilanols,
alkoxysilanes, aceotoxysilanes, organoaminosilanes and
ketoxysilanes, specifically, such as, vinyltriethoxysilane,
methyltris(isopropenoxy)silane, (N,N-Dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)
silane, gamma-glycidoxy propyltrimethoxysilane,
polydimethylsiloxane, and N-beta-(aminoethyl)-gam-
ma-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. In accordance with a preferred
embodiment of the present invention, and as discussed below with
reference to the various examples presented, organoaminosilane is a
preferred adhesion promoter for use in accordance with the present
invention.
[0036] As briefly mention above, the tackifier forms less than 10%
by weight of the sealing strip composition. The tackifier is chosen
from the group consisting of organic monomers, oligomers and
polymers, hydrogenated C5 and C9 resins, C5 hydrogenated resins,
polyterpene resins, pentaerythritol esters of hydrogenated wood
resins, phenolic polyterpene resins, alpha pinene resins, dipentene
resins, hydrogenated C5 esters, cycloalkene resins, phenol-aldehyde
resins, rosin acids and esters, dipentene resins, petroleum
hydrocarbon resins, and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon resins.
Preferred tackifiers include pentaerythritol esters of hydrogenated
wood rosin and hydrogenated C5 hydrocarbons. The C5 hydrogenated
hydrocarbon resin may be used alone or in combination with the
pentaerythritol hydrogenated esters. These tackifiers can be used
individually or in combination and can also be used as is or with a
diluent, hydrocarbon oil or plasticizer. In accordance with a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, and as discussed
below with reference to the various examples presented, C5
hydrogenated resins are a preferred tackifier for use in accordance
with the present invention.
[0037] In accordance with variations on the composition described
above, it has been found that the replacement of molecular sieves
with talc, or other inert fillers, results in a class of compounds
generally referred to as hot melt adhesives. Such adhesive may also
be used as an insulating glass sealant in a traditional aluminum
spacer bar system with the same positional results described
above.
[0038] As to the other components of such a hot melt adhesive, the
tackifier would remain substantially as with the sealing strip
composition discussed above. In addition, the tackifier will be
kept to less than 10% as disclosed above with regard to the sealing
strip composition.
[0039] In forming an insulated glass unit, it is contemplated that
the hot melt adhesive would be applied to a metallic spacer at
approximately 250.degree. F. Once assembled, it is contemplated
that the hot melt adhesive will provide adhesion properties and
moisture vapor transmission rates substantially similar to those
offered by the sealing strip composition discussed above. The hot
melt adhesive will also resist compression (but since it proposed
for use with a spacer this is not a critical issue).
EXAMPLES
[0040] The sealing strip composition is formed in the following
manner.
[0041] Equipment:
[0042] The equipment is generally referred to as a double arm
horizontal sigma mixer. It can have variable speed and needs an
external source of heat to control the temperature. It uses a
jacket so hot water, steam or cold water can be run through the
jacket to control the internal temperature. It can be vacuum rated
but it is not necessary.
[0043] Procedure:
[0044] The following is a general procedure. The times and
temperatures can vary somewhat depending on the size of the batch
and the mixer used. As an example, it will take somewhat longer per
addition for larger batches. If the temperature is lower than
normal it will take longer to mix in. None of these are deleterious
to the final product.
[0045] All ingredients are weighed out beforehand except the
molecular sieves and the organo silane. They are weighed out just
before use (otherwise both materials may pick up moisture from the
atmosphere). The mixer is heated to approximately 225-250 degrees
Fahrenheit (F), the mixer is turned on and the masterbatch is added
over a 10 minute period (the temperature is maintained between
225-250 degrees F. either by the use of the external heating
mechanism or by heat of mixing when each ingredient is added).
[0046] The tackifiers are added one by one over a 5-15 minute
period. These are preferably solid pellet or flake type materials
which will melt in the mix at these temperatures. Mixing is
continued until all tackifiers are melted and homogeneous. The
hydrocarbon oil and filler are added alternately while maintaining
a mix which is neither too thick and dry or too moist and wet. This
can take 15-30 minutes and mixing is continued for 5-15 minutes
after all the material is added. At this point the molecular sieves
are added in 5-15 minutes and mixing is continued for an additional
15 minutes. These materials are white in color in comparison to the
black material in the mixer so one can identify when the material
is adequately mixed in.
[0047] The temperature is taken periodically either by a
temperature probe built into the mixer or by turning the mixer off
after taking the temperature with an external thermometer.
[0048] After the molecular sieves are added, the material is cooled
to 200 degrees F. before the silane and zinc octoate are added.
After the silane and zinc octoate are added, it is mixed 30
minutes, the mixing blades are stopped and the material is
removed.
[0049] Lap Shear Adhesion/Durometer Readings
[0050] Extensive studies of the adhesion of products manufactured
in accordance with the present invention have been carried out by
the Lap Shear Method, ASTM C-961 87 (reapproved 1992). As a
reference point, several competitive butyl based sealant strips and
hot melt products were tested in the marketplace and results were
obtained in the range of 12-20 pounds per square inch (psi).
Durometer readings are a way to measure the relative internal
strength and resistance to compression. With the proper
formulation, the adhesion could be optimized and maximized while
obtaining a handable material that still had flexibility but did
not flow or take a compression set.
[0051] Based on the concentration of the silane and the zinc
octoate, the resistance to compression can be controlled by
optimizing the cross-linking concentration with the zinc octoate
and by maximizing the adhesion by optimizing the concentration of
the silane. We have been able to obtain adhesion values between
30-80 psi and can control the adhesion in the desired range by
employing the method in accordance with the present invention.
[0052] While the preferred embodiments have been shown and
described, it will be understood that there is no intent to limit
the invention by such disclosure, but rather, is intended to cover
all modifications and alternate constructions falling within the
spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended
claims.
* * * * *