U.S. patent application number 10/488026 was filed with the patent office on 2004-11-25 for profiled metal sheet.
Invention is credited to Patrick, Mark, Wolfkamp, Henry.
Application Number | 20040231272 10/488026 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 3831254 |
Filed Date | 2004-11-25 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040231272 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Patrick, Mark ; et
al. |
November 25, 2004 |
Profiled metal sheet
Abstract
A profiled metal sheet for use in the construction of composite
slabs is disclosed. The sheet includes a plurality of parallel
longitudinal ribs separated by pans and male and female members at
opposite sides of the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be
connected together in overlapping relationship. At least one of the
ribs, male members and female members has a side that extends from
the pan that is adjacent the rib or the member. The side includes a
re-entrant section and a corner section that connects the side and
the adjacent pan. The corner section includes a plurality of
regions at spaced intervals along the length of the corner section
that extend outwardly compared with adjacent regions of the corner
section. The spaced regions are provided to improve longitudinal
slip resistance of composite slabs formed from the sheet.
Inventors: |
Patrick, Mark; (Springwood,
AU) ; Wolfkamp, Henry; (Victoria, AU) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MILES & STOCKBRIDGE PC
1751 PINNACLE DRIVE
SUITE 500
MCLEAN
VA
22102-3833
US
|
Family ID: |
3831254 |
Appl. No.: |
10/488026 |
Filed: |
June 30, 2004 |
PCT Filed: |
August 27, 2002 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/AU02/01158 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/508 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 5/40 20130101; Y10T
428/1241 20150115; E04C 2/322 20130101; E04C 2/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
052/508 |
International
Class: |
E04C 001/40 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 27, 2001 |
AU |
PR7301 |
Claims
1. A profiled metal sheet comprising: a plurality of parallel
longitudinal ribs separated by pans, and male and female members at
opposite sides of the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be
connected together by inserting a male member into a female member,
at least one of the male and female members having a side that
extends from the pan that is adjacent the member, the side
including a re-entrant section, and a corner section that connects
the side and the adjacent pan, and the corner section including a
plurality of regions at spaced intervals along the length of the
corner section that extend outwardly compared with adjacent regions
of the corner section.
2. A profiled metal sheet comprising: a plurality of parallel ribs
separated by pans, and male and female members at opposite sides of
the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be connected together by
inserting a male member into a female member, each rib having a
pair of opposed sides that extend from adjacent pans, at least one
side including a re-entrant section, and a corner section that
connects each side and the adjacent pan, and one corner section at
a side that has a re-entrant section or at least one such corner
section including a plurality of regions at spaced intervals along
the length of the corner section that extend outwardly compared
with adjacent regions of the corner section.
3. A profiled metal sheet comprising: a plurality of parallel ribs
separated by pans, and male and female members at opposite sides of
the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be connected together by
inserting a male member into a female member, each rib having a
pair of opposed sides that extend from adjacent pans, at least one
of the male and female members having a side that extends from the
pan that is adjacent the member, at least one side of the ribs
including a re-entrant section, at least one side of the male and
female members including a re-entrant section, and a corner section
that connects each side of the ribs and the male and female members
and the adjacent pans, and one corner section at a side that has a
re-entrant section or at least one such corner section including a
plurality of regions at spaced intervals along the length of the
corner section that extend outwardly compared with adjacent regions
of the corner section.
4. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
outwardly extending regions are in the form of crimps.
5. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
outwardly extending regions may be roll-formed in the profiled
metal sheet.
6. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
outwardly extending regions extend at least 4 mm beyond adjacent
regions of the corner section.
7. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
outwardly extending regions extend at least 5 mm beyond the
adjacent regions of the corner section.
8. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the spacing
between the outwardly extending regions is at least 15 mm.
9. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the spacing
between the outwardly extending regions is at least 30 mm.
10. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the spacing
between the outwardly extending regions is at least 50 mm.
11. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the spacing
between the outwardly extending regions is less than 95 mm.
12. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the spacing
between the outwardly extending regions is less than 80 mm.
13. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
re-entrant section forms a small part only of the side of the rib
or the male member or the female member.
14. The profiled metal sheet defined in claim 1 wherein the
re-entrant section forms substantially all of the side of the rib
or the male member or the female member.
15. A composite slab comprising at least one profiled metal sheet,
said profiled metal sheet comprising a plurality of parallel
longitudinal ribs separated by pans, and male and female members at
opposite sides of the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be
connected together by inserting a male member into a female member,
at least one of the male and female members having a side that
extends from the pan that is adjacent the member, the side
including a re-entrant section, and a corner section that connects
the side and the adjacent pan, and the corner section including a
plurality of regions at spaced intervals along the length of the
corner section that extend outwardly compared with adjacent regions
of the corner section,and a layer of hardened concrete or other
suitable castable material disposed on the sheet.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to the construction of
composite slabs that include:
[0002] (a) profiled metal sheets; and
[0003] (b) a layer of hardened concrete or other suitable castable
material on the sheets.
[0004] A major, although not the only, end use application of such
composite slabs is as floors in buildings (which term includes car
parks).
[0005] Another, although not the only, end use application of such
composite slabs is as vertical wall panels.
[0006] Usually, profiled metal sheets include:
[0007] (a) parallel longitudinal ribs that are separated by pans;
and
[0008] (b) male and female members at opposite sides of the sheets
that enable adjacent sheets to be connected together in overlapping
relationship by inserting a male member into a female member.
[0009] One of the failure modes of composite slabs is by
longitudinal slip between profiled metal sheets and concrete or
other castable material on the sheets.
[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a composite
slab that has improved longitudinal slip resistance compared with
that of composite slabs known to the applicant.
[0011] In general terms, the present invention provides a profiled
metal sheet for use in the construction of composite slabs. The
sheet includes a plurality of parallel longitudinal ribs separated
by pans and male and female members at opposite sides of the sheet
that enable adjacent sheets to be connected together in overlapping
relationship. At least one of the ribs, male members and female
members has a side that extends from the pan that is adjacent the
rib or the member. The side includes a re-entrant section and a
corner section that connects the side and the adjacent pan. The
corner section includes a plurality of regions at spaced intervals
along the length of the corner section that extend outwardly
compared with adjacent regions of the corner section. The spaced
regions are provided to improve longitudinal slip resistance of
composite slabs formed from the sheet.
[0012] In more specific terms, according to one aspect of the
present invention there is provided a profiled metal sheet that
includes: a plurality of parallel longitudinal ribs separated by
pans, and male and female members at opposite sides of the sheet
that enable adjacent sheets to be connected together by inserting a
male member into a female member, at least one of the male and
female members having a side that extends from the pan that is
adjacent the member, the side including a re-entrant section, and a
corner section that connects the side and the adjacent pan, and the
corner section including a plurality of regions at spaced intervals
along the length of the corner section that extend outwardly
compared with adjacent regions of the corner section.
[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided a profiled metal sheet that includes: a plurality of
parallel ribs separated by pans, and male and female members at
opposite sides of the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be
connected together by inserting a male member into a female member,
each rib having a pair of opposed sides that extend from adjacent
pans, at least one side including a re-entrant section, and a
corner section that connects each side and the adjacent pan, and
one corner section at a side that has a re-entrant section or at
least one such corner section including a plurality of regions at
spaced intervals along the length of the corner section that extend
outwardly compared with adjacent regions of the corner section.
[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention there
is provided a profiled metal sheet that includes: a plurality of
parallel ribs separated by pans, and male and female members at
opposite sides of the sheet that enable adjacent sheets to be
connected together by inserting a male member into a female member,
each rib having a pair of opposed sides that extend from adjacent
pans, at least one of the male and female members having a side
that extends from the pan that is adjacent the member, at least one
side of the ribs including a re-entrant section, at least one side
of the male and female members including a re-entrant section, and
a corner section that connects each side of the ribs and the male
and female members and the adjacent pans, and one corner section at
a side that has a re-entrant section or at least one such corner
section including a plurality of regions at spaced intervals along
the length of the corner section that extend outwardly compared
with adjacent regions of the corner section.
[0015] The applicant has found that the combined effect of the
re-entrant sections and the outwardly extending regions improves
the longitudinal slip resistance of composite slabs formed using
the above described profiled metal sheets.
[0016] Specifically, the re-entrant sections lock together the
concrete or other castable material and the sheet.
[0017] In addition, the location of the outwardly extending regions
in the corner section or corner sections of the ribs and/or of the
male members and/or of the female members is such that, when
concrete slips longitudinally relative to the sheet and thereby
generates lateral forces against the outwardly extending regions
(which tend to push the regions inwardly), tensile stresses develop
in the sheet transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ribs
in response to the lateral forces, and the tensile stresses resist
the concrete-generated lateral forces.
[0018] The applicant has found that such tensile stresses are not
generated to the same extent with profiled metal sheets of
composite slabs known to the applicant.
[0019] The outwardly extending regions may be any suitable
shape.
[0020] Preferably the outwardly extending regions are in the form
of crimps.
[0021] Preferably the crimps extend transversely to the lengthwise
direction of the ribs.
[0022] The outwardly extending regions may be formed by any
suitable means.
[0023] By way of example, the outwardly extending regions may be
roll-formed in the profiled metal sheet.
[0024] Preferably the outwardly extending regions extend at least 4
mm beyond adjacent regions of the corner section.
[0025] More preferably the outwardly extending regions extend at
least 5 mm beyond the adjacent regions.
[0026] Preferably the spacing between the outwardly extending
regions is at least 15 mm.
[0027] More preferably the spacing between the outwardly extending
regions is at least 30 mm.
[0028] It is preferred particularly that the spacing between the
outwardly extending regions be at least 50 mm.
[0029] Preferably the spacing between the outwardly extending
regions is less than 95 mm.
[0030] More preferably the spacing between the outwardly extending
regions is less than 80 mm.
[0031] If the spacing between the outwardly extending regions is
too small, the longitudinal shear resistance of concrete between
the regions will be relatively low and the concrete will tend to
shear.
[0032] On the other hand, if the spacing between the outwardly
extending regions is too large, the outwardly extending regions
will not provide sufficient resistance to longitudinal slip.
[0033] The re-entrant section may form a small part only of the
side of the rib or the male member or the female member.
[0034] At the other extreme, the re-entrant section may form
substantially all of the side of the rib or the male member or the
female member.
[0035] Preferably the opposed sides of each rib extend generally
upwardly and inwardly towards each other from the adjacent
pans.
[0036] According to the present invention there is also provided a
composite slab that includes the above-described profiled metal
sheet and a layer of hardened concrete or other suitable castable
material on the sheet.
[0037] The present invention is described further by way of example
with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which:
[0038] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a profiled
metal sheet in accordance with the present invention;
[0039] FIG. 2 is an end elevation of the sheet shown in, FIG.
1;
[0040] FIG. 3 is an enlarged end elevation of a part of a composite
slab formed from the sheet shown in FIG. 2 which illustrates the
forces generated by longitudinal slip of concrete relative to the
sheet; and
[0041] FIG. 4 is an enlarged end elevation of a part of a composite
slab formed from another embodiment of a profiled metal sheet in
accordance with the present invention.
[0042] The profiled metal sheets shown in the figures are described
hereinafter in the context of the construction of composite floor
slabs that include the profiled metal sheets and a layer of
concrete on the upper surface of the sheets (as viewed in the
figures).
[0043] The profiled metal sheet shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is formed by
roll-forming a flat sheet of steel.
[0044] The sheet includes two longitudinal parallel ribs generally
identified by the numeral 5 separated by flat pans 7.
[0045] The sides of the sheet are formed as a male connection
member 9 and a female connection member 11. The arrangement of the
male and female members 9, 11 enables adjacent sheets to be
positioned together in overlapping relationship with a leak proof
lap join by inserting the male member 9 of one sheet into the
female member 11 of the adjacent sheet.
[0046] Each rib 5 of the sheet includes a top flange 13 which
separates two sides, generally identified by the numeral 15.
[0047] Each side 15 includes a first section 17 that extends
outwardly and downwardly from the top flange 5, a second section 19
that extends downwardly and inwardly from the lower edge of the
first section 17, and a third section 21 that extends downwardly
and outwardly from the lower edge of the second section 19 and
connects the side and the adjacent pan 7.
[0048] The junction of the third section 21 and the pan 7 forms a
corner section 21. Preferably the angle of the corner section 21,
as described by the third section 21 and the pan 7 is between
70-100.degree..
[0049] The junction of the second section 19 and the third section
21 forms a corner section 33. Preferably the angle described by the
second section 19 and the third section 21 less than 100.degree.,
more preferably less than 90.degree..
[0050] The second section 19 defines a re-entrant section of the
rib 5.
[0051] The sheet further includes a series of regions 23 in the
corner 21 on the left side of the left rib 5 shown in the FIGS. The
regions 23 are provided to cooperate with the re-entrant sections
19 of the ribs 5 to contribute to the longitudinal slip resistance
of a composite slab formed from the sheet and concrete and other
suitable castable material on the sheet. The regions 23 are at
spaced intervals along the length of the corner 21.
[0052] The regions 23 are outwardly extending regions when compared
with adjacent regions of the corner 21.
[0053] Preferably the spacing of the regions 23 is 30-80 mm.
[0054] Preferably the regions 23 extend outwardly at least 5 mm
from adjacent regions of the corner 21.
[0055] The regions 23 are provided to cooperate with the re-entrant
sections 19 of the ribs 5 to contribute to the longitudinal slip
resistance of a composite slab formed from the sheet and concrete
and other suitable castable material on the sheet. As described
above, the re-entrant sections 19 lock together the sheet and the
concrete. More particularly, as shown in FIG. 3, the concrete
generates a bearing force F.sub.1 against the corner 33 of the
re-entrant section 19 and the third section 12 of the rib 5 shown
in the Figure. In effect, the bearing force F.sub.1 pins the corner
33. In addition, when there is longitudinal slip of concrete that
generates lateral forces that act against the regions 23, tensile
stresses are generated in sections of the sheet that are in the
immediate vicinity of the regions 23 in response to the lateral
forces, and the tensile stresses counter the lateral forces and
resist inward movement of the regions 23. With reference to FIG. 3,
the lateral forces are identified by the letter F.sub.2 and the
tensile stresses are identified by the letter T.
[0056] The overall effect of the tensile stresses is that the sheet
has very high longitudinal slip resistance.
[0057] FIG. 4 illustrates an enlarged section of a composite slab
that includes another embodiment of a profiled metal sheet.
[0058] As with the sheet shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the sheet shown in
FIG. 4 includes a rib 5 that has a top flange 13 which separates
two sides 15.
[0059] The sides 15 also include re-entrant sections. However, in
this embodiment the sides 15 form a dovetail formation, whereby in
effect the re-entrant sections are substantially all of the sides
15. Nevertheless, the forces acting on the sheet are the same for
both embodiments.
[0060] Many modifications may be made to the preferred embodiment
of the present invention described above without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention.
[0061] By way of example, whilst the embodiment described above in
relation to FIGS. 1 to 3 include outwardly extending regions 23
along the length of the corner 21 on the left side of the left rib
5 shown in the FIGS., the present invention is not limited to this
arrangement and the regions 23 may be provided in any one or more
of the corners 21 of the ribs 5.
[0062] In addition, the present invention extends to arrangements
in which one or both of the male and female members 7, 9 include
re-entrant sections and outwardly extending regions in the corners
of the male and female members 7, 9.
[0063] In addition, the present invention extends to other profiles
of ribs and male and female members which have re-entrant
sections.
* * * * *