U.S. patent application number 10/744222 was filed with the patent office on 2004-11-18 for process and apparatus for depositing fluid in a solids flow of a fluidized bed apparatus.
This patent application is currently assigned to Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH. Invention is credited to Jacob, Michael, Rumpler, Karlheinz, Waskow, Mike.
Application Number | 20040228978 10/744222 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33394661 |
Filed Date | 2004-11-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040228978 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Jacob, Michael ; et
al. |
November 18, 2004 |
Process and apparatus for depositing fluid in a solids flow of a
fluidized bed apparatus
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for introducing fluids into a
solids flow of a spouted bed apparatus, as well as an associated
apparatus. For the present invention, it is characteristic that at
least one circular solids flow is formed in the axial direction of
the reaction space of the spouted bed apparatus, for which the
inlet air required for forming the solids flow is fed through a gap
in the lower region and in the axial direction of the reaction
space and the fluid is introduced by means of one or more single or
multiple-component nozzles at one or more positions into the solids
flow. Therefore, the flow conditions in the injection region can be
set, so that the fluid can be introduced selectively and adjustably
into the solids flow. The resulting end product distinguishes
itself through approximately equal grain size with equal material
properties. Through the spraying of pure fluids, solutions, molten
masses, or the like through one or more single or
multiple-component nozzles into the solids flow, different end
products can be produced.
Inventors: |
Jacob, Michael; (Weimar,
DE) ; Rumpler, Karlheinz; (Weimar, DE) ;
Waskow, Mike; (Weimar, DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
VOLPE AND KOENIG, P.C.
UNITED PLAZA, SUITE 1600
30 SOUTH 17TH STREET
PHILADELPHIA
PA
19103
US
|
Assignee: |
Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH
Weimar
DE
|
Family ID: |
33394661 |
Appl. No.: |
10/744222 |
Filed: |
December 22, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
427/430.1 ;
118/400 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01J 2/16 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
427/430.1 ;
118/400 |
International
Class: |
B05C 003/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 15, 2003 |
DE |
103 22 062.3 |
Claims
1. Process for introducing fluids into a solids flow of a spouted
bed apparatus, for which the fluid is introduced through a nozzle
into the spouted bed, wherein: in a reaction space (26) of a
spouted bed apparatus provided with a rectangular cross section, at
least one circular solids flow (15) in the axial direction of the
reaction space (26) is generated, a fluid is injected into the
solids flow (15), the solids flow (15) is formed with an upwards
flow (22) with a high flow rate, with a cross flow (23) with a
lower flow rate, and with a downwards flow (24), which has a lower
flow rate than the cross flow (23), by the supply of inlet air (10)
through a gap (1) in the lower region and in the axial direction of
the reaction space and by the injected fluid.
2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is introduced by
means of single and/or multiple-component nozzles (6, 7, 17) at one
or more positions into the solids flow (15).
3. Process according to claim 1 and 2, wherein an amount and a flow
rate of the inlet air (10) supplied to the reaction space (26)
and/or the air flow (12) can be set controllably.
4. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the downwards solids flow (24) is generated in the reaction
space (26) through the effect of gravity.
5. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein for several reaction spaces (26) the material is
transported to the appropriate reaction spaces (26) through
corresponding material overflow ports.
6. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the material dust (21) separated in a dedusting system (19)
is fed back to the solids flow (15).
7. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein a material supply is performed over a material inlet (13)
into the reaction space (26) in the region of the downwards solids
flow (24).
8. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the final product is discharged from the reaction space
(26) or material is transported into another downstream reaction
space (26) in the region of the transition of the cross flow (23)
to the downwards solids flow (24).
9. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein two opposing circular solids flows (15) are generated in
the reaction space (26).
10. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein pure fluids, solutions, molten masses, or the like are
sprayed into the solids flow (15).
11. Apparatus for introducing fluids into a solids flow of a
spouted bed apparatus, in which a spray nozzle opens into a
reaction space of the spouted bed apparatus, wherein a lower region
of the reaction space (26) is provided with a rectangular cross
section for the spouted bed apparatus and is limited in an axial
direction by at least one inclined stream return flow wall (2) and
an oppositely inclined stream inlet wall (3) with the formation of
an axial gap (1) through the reaction space (26) for supplying
inlet air (10) and at least one nozzle (6), (7), (17) for
introducing fluid above the gap (1) opens into the reaction space
(26).
12. Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the lower region of
the reaction space (26) is limited in the axial direction by two
inclined stream return flow walls (2), which are each associated
with an inclined stream inlet wall (3) with the formation of two
axial gaps (1), wherein the return flow walls are connected
together in an upper region.
13. Apparatus according to claim 11 and 12, wherein controllable
valve devices for setting the amount and the rate of the air flow
(12) supplied to the reaction space (26) are arranged in the gap
(1).
14. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the gap (1) is formed such that the air flow (12) of the
inlet air (10) is guided against the lower region of the stream
inlet wall (3).
15. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein one or more nozzles (6, 7, 17) for introducing fluid into
the solids flow (15) at various positions above the gap (1) open
into the reaction space (26).
16. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the spouted bed apparatus is formed from one or more
adjacent reaction spaces (26).
17. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein two adjacent reaction spaces (26) are connected to each
other over a common overflow port, which is formed for the first
reaction space as a solids outlet (5) and for the second reaction
space as a solids inlet (13).
18. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein there is an axial separating plate (16), whose lower edge
is arranged at a distance to the stream return flow wall (2) in the
lower region of the reaction space (26) between the stream return
flow wall (2) and the housing wall (3).
19. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the upper region of the reaction space (26) is formed as a
separating space (19).
20. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein a materiel inlet (15) opens into the reaction space (26) in
the region of a downwards solids flow (24).
21. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein a solids outlet (5) is arranged in the region of the
transition of the cross flow (23) to the downwards solids flow
(24).
22. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein in the axial direction several adjacent nozzles (6) and/or
(7) and/or (17) open into the reaction space (26) of the spouted
bed apparatus.
23. Apparatus according to one or more of the preceding claims,
wherein the nozzles (7) act in the direction of an upwards flow
(22), the nozzles (6) act against the direction of an upwards flow
(22), and the nozzles (17) are arranged in the region of the
downwards flow (24).
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] The invention relates to a process for depositing fluids in
a solids flow of a spouted bed apparatus and an associated
apparatus.
[0002] From DE 31 17 892 A1, a spouted bed apparatus for producing
granulates is known, for which a fluid is introduced into the
solids flow of the spouted bed granulator. The spouted bed
apparatus has a round cross section, whose lower part is formed
with a conical taper. A gas channel, where a nozzle for injecting
the fluid is arranged, opens into the central conical part of the
spouted bed granulator. An appropriate gas is fed through the gas
channel for maintaining the spouted bed. The centrally fed gas
entrains the fluid introduced by the nozzles and a portion of the
material located in the spouted bed granulator, wherein a stream
channel is produced in which the material particles are wetted with
the fluid. The sprayed material is fed back to the stream channel
over the conical base, so that particle circulation is generated.
After achieving an adequate granulate size, the granulates are
discharged from the spouted bed granulator.
[0003] A disadvantage for this type of spouted bed granulator is
that the supply of gas for generating the spouted bed and the
introduced fluid is supplied at a common location in the lower part
of the spouted bed granulator. A uniform wetting of all material
particles to be treated with fluid is hard or impossible to
realize. Some material particles are sprayed with too much and
others with too little fluid, so that an end product with equal
grain size and equal material structure cannot be realized. In
addition, these systems are only suitable for granulation at low
material throughputs. For greater throughputs, problems appear in
terms of generating and maintaining the spouted bed.
[0004] Previously known from the publication DE 100 04 939 C1 is a
spouted bed apparatus for fluidization and thermal treatment of
essentially arbitrarily shaped materials with different particle
dimensions as well as particle masses. The spouted bed apparatus
for batch or continuous process control consists of a inlet air
chamber arranged in the lower region of the spouted bed apparatus,
into which the fluidizing means, such as, especially air, is
supplied. The fluidizing means is fed to the fluidization region of
the spouted bed apparatus by means of a controllable gas flow
device arranged between the inlet air chamber and the fluidization
region. The fluidization region is formed by the gas flow device
arranged in the lower region, as well as by a stream inlet wall, a
stream return flow wall lying opposite the stream inlet wall, and
also the side walls. The stream inlet wall and the stream return
flow wall are inclined relative to the vertical, so that they form
a cone. Therefore, an expanded cross section of the spouted bed
apparatus is formed above the stream inlet wall and the stream
return flow wall. This expanded section is used as an expansion
region for the fluidizing means and is provided with an outlet for
the exhaust air. The spouted bed apparatus can be one-sided or
two-sided, i.e., it can be formed with a double cone. Through the
arrangement of the stream inlet wall and the stream return flow
wall as well as through the supply of fluidizing means through the
gas flow device, a type of solids rotation is produced in the
fluidization region, in which a corresponding material treatment is
performed.
[0005] An introduction of fluids into the solids flow is not
provided with this type of stream apparatus.
SUMMARY
[0006] The object of the invention is to create for a spouted bed
apparatus a process and an associated apparatus with which a fluid
can be selectively and adjustably deposited on the material in the
spouted bed for producing coated granulates, for wetting material
particles, and for granulation and agglomeration of different
materials for a wide range of industrial branches, so that an end
product is produced with approximately equal grain size and equal
material properties even for large material throughputs.
[0007] This object is achieved by the process and apparatus
according to the invention.
[0008] Through the formation of at least one circular solids flow
in the axial direction of the reaction space of the spouted bed
apparatus, for which the inlet air required for forming the solids
flow is fed over a gap in the lower region and in the axial
direction of the reaction space and the fluid is introduced by
means of one or more single and/or multiple-component nozzles at
one or more positions in the solids flow, the flow conditions in
the injection region can be set so that the fluid can be introduced
selectively and adjustably into the solids flow. The resulting end
product distinguishes itself through approximately equal grain size
with equal material properties. By spraying pure fluids, solutions,
molten masses, or the like through one or more single and/or
multiple-component nozzles into the solids flow, different end
products can be produced.
[0009] Another advantage of the solution according to the invention
is that with the proposed process and apparatus, the material to be
treated can be exposed to various technologies, such as
granulation, agglomeration, wetting, and coating.
[0010] Additional advantageous configurations are described in the
dependent claims. They are explained in the description together
with their effect.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The invention is explained in more detail in the following
with reference to an embodiment. Shown in the associated drawings
are:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a spouted bed apparatus
according to the invention,
[0013] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a variant of the spouted bed
apparatus according to the invention,
[0014] FIG. 3 is a sectional view of another variant of the spouted
bed apparatus according to the invention, and
[0015] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of several reaction spaces
arranged one next to the other for the spouted bed apparatus
according to the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0016] In FIG. 1, a spouted bed apparatus is shown, whose apparatus
cross section 9 features a rectangular cross section. In FIG. 2, a
section of the spouted bed apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is illustrated
in perspective. The fundamental construction of the spouted bed
apparatus includes a inlet air chamber 8, an expanding
cross-section expansion region 14 arranged above this chamber, and
a dedusting system 19. In the housing 4 of the flow apparatus,
there is a supply port for the inlet air 10 in the lower part of
the inlet air chamber 8, while in the upper region of the spouted
bed apparatus there is an outlet for the exhaust air 11. The
dedusting system 19 is provided with a known filter cleaning device
18, which feeds the separated dust into the reaction space 26 of
the spouted bed apparatus.
[0017] In the region of the inlet air chamber 8, the housing 4 of
the spouted bed apparatus, as viewed in the axial direction, has at
least one stream return flow wall 2 and one stream inlet wall 3,
which define the actual reaction space 26 of the spouted bed
apparatus. FIG. 1 shows a preferred variant of the formation of
reaction space 26, for which the lower region of the reaction space
26 is limited in the axial direction by two inclined stream return
flow walls 2, which are each associated with an inclined stream
inlet wall 3 under the formation of two axial gaps 1. These return
flow walls are connected together in the top region. However, the
lower region of the reaction space 26 can also be formed by only
one inclined stream return flow wall 2 and an opposing inclined
stream inlet wall 3 under the formation of an axial gap 1 running
through the reaction space 26 for supplying inlet air 10.
Controllable valve devices for setting the amount and the rate of
the air flow 12 fed to the reaction space 26 are arranged in the
gap 1. The gap 1 is formed such that the air flow 12 of the inlet
air 10 is fed against the lower region of the stream inlet wall
3.
[0018] The material to be treated is fed into the reaction space 26
through a material inlet 13, wherein under the effect of the
supplied air flow 12, a circular solids flow 15 is formed in the
axial direction of the reaction space 26. The material inlet 15
preferably opens in the region of a flow 24 of the downwards solids
flow 15 into the reaction space 26. The material leaves the
reaction space 26 through a solids outlet 5, wherein the solids
outlet 5 is arranged in the region of the transition of the cross
flow.23 to the solids flow 24 of the downwards solids flow 15.
[0019] For introducing fluid into the solids flow 15, at various
positions above the gap 1 one or more nozzles 6, 7, 17 open into
the reaction space 26. Here, the nozzles 7 act in the direction of
the upwards flow 22, the nozzles 6 act against the direction of the
upwards flow 22, and the nozzles 17 are arranged in the region of
the downwards flow 24. Several nozzles 6 and/or 7 and/or 17
arranged one next to the other in the axial direction of the
reaction space 26 open into the reaction space 26 of the spouted
bed apparatus.
[0020] As can be seen from FIG. 2, an axial separating plate 16,
whose lower edge is at a distance to the stream return flow wall 2,
is arranged in the lower region of the reaction space 26 between
the stream return flow wall 2 and the housing wall 3.
[0021] In FIG. 3, a spouted bed apparatus is shown without an
integrated dedusting system 19. Here, the dust-bearing exhaust air
20 is discharged as exhaust air 11 from the spouted bed apparatus
and is dedusted in a downstream, separate dedusting system that is
not shown.
[0022] In FIG. 4, a multi-stage spouted bed apparatus is shown,
which is formed from several reaction spaces 26 arranged one next
to the other. Here, two adjacent reaction spaces 26 are connected
to each other over a common overflow port, which is formed for the
first reaction space as a solids discharge 5 and for the second
reaction space as a solids inlet 13. Here, the lower region of the
inlet air chamber 8 can be divided into several segments through
the arrangement of separating walls 25, which enclose one or more
reaction spaces 26. Inlet air 10 can be supplied in different
amounts, temperatures, and flow rates into the spaces produced here
for the reaction spaces 26.
[0023] The effect of the spouted bed apparatus is explained in more
detail with reference to the following process according to the
invention.
[0024] The process according to the invention for introducing fluid
into a solids flow of a spouted bed apparatus for producing coated
granulates, for wetting material particles, and for the granulation
and agglomeration of different materials for a wide range of
industrial branches, generates at least one circular solids flow 15
in the axial direction of the reaction space 26, in which a fluid
is injected. Here, the solids flow 15 is formed with an upwards
flow 22 with a high flow rate, with a cross flow 23 with a lower
flow rate, and with a downwards flow 24, which has a lower flow
rate than the cross flow 23, by supplying inlet air 10 through a
gap 1 in the lower region and in the axial direction of the
reaction space and by the injected fluid. The downwards solids flow
24 in the reaction space 26 is generated by the effect of
gravity.
[0025] The material to be treated is transported by the circular
solids flow 15 through the elongated reaction space 26 from the
material inlet 13 to the solids outlet 5, wherein the material is
sprayed with fluid by means of the nozzles 6 and/or 7 and/or 17
arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the
reaction space 26. Here, the fluid is introduced by means of single
and/or multiple-component nozzles 6, 7, 17 at one or more positions
in the solids flow 15. Corresponding to the end product to be
produced, a pure fluid, solution, molten mass, or the like is
sprayed into the solids flow 15. Through correspondingly set flow
ratios in the reaction space 26 and through the supply of fluids
into the solids flow 15, a wetting, coating, or a granulation or
agglomeration of the material is performed corresponding to the end
product to be produced.
[0026] For forming the solids flow 15 with a desired flow profile,
the amount and the flow rate of the inlet air 10 supplied to the
reaction space 26 and/or the air flow 12 can be set controllably,
wherein in an advantageous way, two opposing circular solids flows
15 are generated in the reaction space 26. The formation of the
solids flow 15 is supported by the injection of fluid and by the
arranged separating plates 16. Through the resulting gap between
the separating plate 16 and the stream return flow wall 2, the
material of the downwards directed flow 24 is output directly to
the air flow 12 supplied from the gap 1, which also simultaneously
creates a stabilization of the upwards flow 22. In addition, the
separating plate 16 prevents an undesired overflow of the material
between the downwards flow 24 and the upwards flow 22, especially
for a high material load in the solids flow 15.
[0027] The material supply into the reaction space 26 is performed
by the material inlet 13 in the region of the downwards solids flow
24, while the material discharge of the final product is performed
from the reaction space 26 or a material transport into another
downstream reaction space 26 in the region of the transition of the
cross flow 23 to the downwards solids flow 24.
[0028] For protecting the environment or subsequent equipment from
contamination due to the material to be treated, the dedusting
system 19 is an integrated component of the spouted bed apparatus.
The dedusting of the dust-loaded discharge air 20 is performed,
e.g., in a tube or cartridge filter, while the separated dust 21 of
the solids flow 15 is fed back and thus takes part in the further
treatment process.
[0029] In conclusion the following can be stated:
[0030] The invention relates to a process for introducing fluids
into a solids flow of a spouted bed apparatus with the features
mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 and an associated apparatus
with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 11.
[0031] The object of the invention is to create, for a spouted bed
apparatus, a process and an associated apparatus, with which a
fluid is deposited selectively and adjustably onto the material in
the spouted bed for producing coated granulates, for wetting
material particles, and for granulation and agglomeration of
different materials for a wide range of industrial branches, in
order to produce an end product with approximately equal grain size
and equal material properties even for large material
throughputs.
[0032] According to the invention, this is achieved by the
formation of at least one circular solids flow in the axial
direction of the reaction space of the spouted bed apparatus, for
which the inlet air required for forming the solids flow is
supplied through a gap in the lower region and in the axial
direction of the reaction space and the fluid is introduced by
means of one or more single and/or multiple-component nozzles at
one or more positions in the solids flow. Therefore, the flow
conditions can be set in the injection region, so that the fluid
can be introduced selectively and adjustably into the solids flow.
The resulting end product distinguishes itself through
approximately equal grain size with equal material properties. By
spraying pure fluids, solutions, molten masses, or the like through
one or more single and/or multiple-component nozzles into the
solids flow, different end products can be produced.
List of Reference Numerals
[0033] Gap
[0034] Stream return flow wall
[0035] Stream inlet wall
[0036] Housing
[0037] Solids outlet
[0038] Nozzle
[0039] Nozzle
[0040] Inlet air chamber
[0041] Apparatus cross section
[0042] Inlet air
[0043] Exhaust air
[0044] Air flow
[0045] Material inlet
[0046] Expansion region
[0047] Solids flow
[0048] Separating plate
[0049] Nozzle
[0050] Filter cleaning system
[0051] Dedusting system
[0052] Dust-bearing exhaust air
[0053] Separated dust
[0054] Upwards flow
[0055] Cross flow
[0056] Downwards flow
[0057] Separating walls
[0058] Reaction space
* * * * *