U.S. patent application number 10/866039 was filed with the patent office on 2004-11-11 for offshore structure support.
Invention is credited to Hall, Rudolph A., Shaw, Ralph L..
Application Number | 20040223813 10/866039 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 23121137 |
Filed Date | 2004-11-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040223813 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hall, Rudolph A. ; et
al. |
November 11, 2004 |
Offshore structure support
Abstract
A pile based braced caisson structural support device includes a
number of legs. These legs are configured in a teepee type
configuration such that the footprint of the base is larger than
the footprint of the opposing end. This structural support can be
used as a base for an offshore drilling platform in that the
support reduces the lateral forces on the support caused by wave
action.
Inventors: |
Hall, Rudolph A.; (Madison,
LA) ; Shaw, Ralph L.; (New Orleans, LA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
NIXON PEABODY, LLP
401 9TH STREET, NW
SUITE 900
WASHINGTON
DC
20004-2128
US
|
Family ID: |
23121137 |
Appl. No.: |
10/866039 |
Filed: |
June 14, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10866039 |
Jun 14, 2004 |
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10147926 |
May 20, 2002 |
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6783305 |
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60291637 |
May 18, 2001 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
405/197 ;
405/195.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E02B 17/027 20130101;
E02B 17/00 20130101; E02B 2017/0082 20130101; E02B 2017/0039
20130101; E02B 17/021 20130101; E02B 2017/0056 20130101; E02B
17/0021 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
405/197 ;
405/195.1 |
International
Class: |
E02B 001/00; E02D
023/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A structure support comprising: at least two elements configured
to intersect at an intersection point; at least one central member
arranged in a substantially vertical position that intersects with
the intersection point; a first end of the at least two elements on
a first side of the intersection point capable of being affixed to
a structure; and a second end of the at least two elements on
second side of the intersection point adapted to be placed on a
surface.
2. The support of claim 1, wherein the structure is at least one of
a platform, a drilling platform, and an offshore drilling
platform.
3. The support of claim 1, wherein the surface is a sea floor and
the second end extends below a mudline.
4. The support of claim 1, where the intersection point is above a
waterline or at a waterline.
5. The support of claim 1, wherein an angular guide maintains an
orientation at least between the at least two elements and the
member.
6. A method of constructing a structure support comprising:
providing at least three legs in a teepee configuration; placing a
first end of the first three legs on a mounting surface; and
affixing a structure to a second end of the at least three legs,
wherein the three legs are unitary structures from the first end to
the second end, and wherein the structure is located at a position
above an intersecting point of the at least three legs.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the structure is a drilling rig
at least one of a platform, a drilling platform, and an offshore
drilling platform.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein a guide structure is used to
orient the at least three legs.
9. The structure support of claim 6, wherein the angular guide is
positioned at said intersection point.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION DATA
[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority under 35
U.S.C. .sctn.119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No.
60/291,637, filed May 18, 2001, entitled "Offshore Platform," which
is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] This invention generally relates to structural supports. In
particular, this invention relates to structural supports for, for
example, offshore drilling platforms, or the like.
[0004] 2. Description of Related Art
[0005] Conventional offshore platforms have deck legs that are
vertical or are battered outward as-they extend downwards. The
conventional arrangement provides structurally efficient support
for the deck but the associated dimensions of the platform at the
water surface result in increased expense for the platform.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Pile are configured in a "teepee" type configuration, where
the piles are arranged to generally form a conical shape with their
intersection being approximately at the elevation of, for example,
a waterline. The tops of the piles extend pass this intersection to
support, for example, a platform or structure, such as a drilling
platform. The opposite ends of the piles are proportionally spaced
on or below another surface, such as the mudline on an ocean
floor.
[0007] The basic concept of using conical spaced piles can be
extended such that two or more piles can be used to support, for
example, a structure at a first end, while also providing support
for, for example, a central member, such as a drill pipe, that
extends through a central axis of the assembly. However, it is to
be appreciated, that three or more piles can be used without a
center member to support a structure as discussed above.
Furthermore, two or more supports can be used with one or more
center members to also support a structure as discussed above.
[0008] For example, two piles can be offset substantially
180.degree. from each other, e.g. X shaped, three piles offset
substantially 120.degree. from each other, four piles offset
substantially 90.degree. from each other, e.g, teepee shaped, or
the like. However, it is to be appreciated that the specific offset
between the piles, and the number of piles, can be varied depending
on, for example, expectant forces on the structure, the topology of
the surface the assembly is to be secured to, the weight, structure
and anticipated forces of the device that sits on top of the piles,
or like.
[0009] An aspect of the invention relates to providing a structure
support with at least three legs that are positioned in a teepee
configuration.
[0010] Aspects of the present invention also relate to providing a
structure support with four or more legs positioned in a teepee
configuration.
[0011] Accordingly, an aspect of the invention allows piles to be
configured such that the footprint has a greater surface area than
the area formed by the opposing ends of piles.
[0012] Additional aspects of the invention related to minimizing
the bracing required for a structural support in a wave zone.
[0013] Aspect of the invention additionally relate to a support
structure that reduces lateral wave forces on the structure.
[0014] Aspects of the invention additionally relate to providing a
structure in which the majority of the components can be installed
and welded in-place above a waterline.
[0015] Aspects of the invention also relate to reducing drilling
platform size.
[0016] These any other features and advantages of this invention
are described in or are apparent from the following detailed
description of the embodiments.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The embodiments of the invention will be described in
detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein:
[0018] FIG. 1 is a view in side elevation of an offshore platform
of according to the present invention;
[0019] FIG. 2 is a view in front elevation of the offshore platform
according to the present invention;
[0020] FIG. 3 is a view in side elevation showing the setting of
the deck frame for the offshore platform according to the present
invention;
[0021] FIG. 4 is a view in side elevation showing the setting of
the main deck for the offshore platform according to the present
invention;
[0022] FIG. 5 is a view in side elevation showing the setting of
the helideck for the offshore platform according to the present
invention;
[0023] FIGS. 6-19 illustrate an exemplary method of assembling a
braced caisson according to this invention; and
[0024] FIGS. 20-27 illustrate another exemplary method of
assembling a caisson according to this invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0025] The exemplary embodiments of this invention will be
described in relation to a support structure, such as drilling
platform, supported by three piles and a central vertical member,
such as drill pipe. However, to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the
present invention, the following description omits well-known
structures and devices that may be shown in block diagram form or
otherwise summarized. For the purposes of explanation, numerous
specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough
understanding of the present invention. It should be appreciated
that the present invention may be practiced in a variety of ways
beyond these specific details. For example, the systems and methods
of this invention can be generally expanded and applied to support
any type of structure. Furthermore, while exemplary distances and
scales are shown in the figures, it is to be appreciated the
systems and methods of this invention can be varied to fit any
particular implementation.
[0026] FIGS. 1 and 2 show an inward batter guide offshore platform
indicated generally at 10 in which battered bracing piles 12a-e are
arranged so as to minimize platform dimensions at the water surface
14 while maximizing the spacing of the piles as they extend upward
from the water surface so that loads from a deck 16 at the top of
the piles are transferred directly to the piling. The platform
includes a pile guide structure 18 which fits over and is connected
to a central vertical member 20 to receive the piles 12a-e at the
water surface. The piles extend angularly through guides 22 of the
pile guide structure in such a manner that the distance between
piles is minimized at the water surface, but the distances between
angled piles is maximized both at the ends supporting the deck 16
as well as at the opposed end buried below the mudline 24. The pile
guide connects the piles to act in unison to restrain lateral
movement of the entire offshore platform 10 including the central
vertical member 20. The pile guide 18 also supports appurtenances
such as ladders, boat landings, stairs, or the like, so that they
can be installed in the field as a unit, thereby, for example,
reducing installation expense for the platform. The legs 26 of the
deck structure are connected to the tops of the piles. The
increased pile spacing at the pile tops provides, for example, more
structurally efficient support for the deck, reduced structural
vibration periods for the platform and increased resistance to the
rotation that results if the deck mass is eccentric to the central
vertical member 20 than if the deck is supported by the central
member. All field connections can be made above the water surface
where structural integrity of the connections can be more easily
verified than if the connections were made below the water
surface.
[0027] With reference to FIG. 3, once the piles 12 are in place,
the deck frame 28 can be set on top of the piles and connected to
the upper ends of the piles. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the main
deck 16 is set on the deck frame, and finally, as shown by FIG. 5,
a helideck 30 is set in place.
[0028] FIGS. 6-19 illustrate an exemplary method for assembling a
structure in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of this
invention with, for example, a barge boat, around a SSC 50 (Self
Sustaining Caisson). In this exemplary embodiment, the SSC has been
installed by a drilling rig, such as a rig drilling an exploration
well. In FIG. 6, the position and orientation of the legs are
determined and a lift boat 55 anchored and jacked-up relative to
the installation point of the SSC. Next, as illustrated in FIG. 7,
the jack-up orientation of the liftboat relative to the SSC is
shown. Next, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the guide structure 65 is
unloaded from the barge 60. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the
legs or piles 70, are unloaded, placed in the guide structure, and
in FIG. 10, installed via the guide structure into, for example,
the ocean floor with the aid of a hydraulic hammer. As can be seen
from this illustration, the piles 70 intersect at a point just
above the water line. This allows, for example, the piles and all
associated connection to be made above water.
[0029] In FIG. 11, the barge 60 is relocated and the deck frame 75
is unloaded. In FIG. 12 the deck frame 75 installed on the piles.
Next, in FIGS. 13-16, the southskid 80, northskid and ventroom 85,
and helideck 90, respectfully, are unloaded from the barge and
installed on the piles. In particular, FIG. 16 illustrates how the
various portions of the rig are installed at an end of the piles
above the intersection point, and thus above the water line. Then,
in FIGS. 17-18, the main deck 95 unloaded and installed.
[0030] FIG. 19 illustrates the completed rig where the barge has
been unloaded and the vent boom 100 rotated into position.
[0031] FIGS. 20-27 illustrate exemplary steps for constructing a
structure support according to an alternative exemplary embodiment
of this invention where a SSC is not initially present at a well
head. In particular, this exemplary method utilizes a jack-up
drilling rig and derrick barge to construct the rig. Specifically,
in FIG. 20, a jack-up drilling rig is mobilized and the first
conductor with a mudline suspension is drilled. Next, as
illustrated in FIG. 21, the jack-up rig installs a sub-sea template
200 that is used as a guide structure for the well head and the
subsequent installation of the SSC. Then, in FIG. 22, a second
conductor with a mudline suspension is drilled and installed via
the sub-sea template 200.
[0032] FIG. 23 illustrates the installation of the caisson by, for
example, a derrick barge 210. Next as illustrated in FIG. 24, for
example, the derrick barge 210 installs the inward batter guide
structure 220. Then, as illustrated in FIG. 25, the piles 70 are
installed. FIG. 26 illustrates the installation of the deck frame
230 and FIG. 27 the helideck 240.
[0033] It is, therefore, apparent that there has been provided, in
accordance with the present invention, a support and method for
assembling the support to support a structure. While this invention
has been described in conjunction with a number of illustrative
embodiments, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications,
and variations would be or are apparent to those of ordinary skill
in the applicable arts. Accordingly, the disclosure is intended to
embrace all such alternatives, modifications, equivalents and
variations that are within in the spirit and scope of this
invention.
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