U.S. patent application number 10/422885 was filed with the patent office on 2004-10-28 for shoe having improved impact cushioning and shock absorption.
Invention is credited to Scott, Kohar.
Application Number | 20040211087 10/422885 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33298987 |
Filed Date | 2004-10-28 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040211087 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Scott, Kohar |
October 28, 2004 |
Shoe having improved impact cushioning and shock absorption
Abstract
Improved impact cushioning within a shoe is provided by a novel
heel hammock recess formed beneath the heel of the wearer. The heel
hammock recess includes an elastic member supporting the wearer's
heel surrounded by a surround surface formed to bear substantial
weight. The impact energy transmitted upwardly through the heel to
the wearer's foot during heel impact passes through the elastic
membrane of the heel hammock allowing flexing and energy absorption
to occur as the heel is cradled in the heel hammock. Embodiments
are shown in which the impact absorbing member is formed integrally
with a molded athletic shoe sole as well as alternative embodiments
in which the impact absorbing structure is formed in a removable
insole and also formed in a variety of general use shoes.
Inventors: |
Scott, Kohar; (Playa Del
Rey, CA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ROY A. EKSTRAND
STE 150
3158 REDHILL AVE.
COSTA MESA
CA
92626
US
|
Family ID: |
33298987 |
Appl. No.: |
10/422885 |
Filed: |
April 24, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/28 ; 36/3B;
36/37 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 17/026 20130101;
A43B 7/144 20130101; A43B 17/02 20130101; A43B 13/186 20130101;
A43B 13/189 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
036/028 ;
036/037; 036/003.00B |
International
Class: |
A43B 013/18; A43B
013/20; A43B 021/32 |
Claims
That which is claimed is:
1. A shoe comprising: a sole having a top surface a bottom surface
and a heel portion; an upper joined to said sole, said upper and
said sole top surface forming a foot-receiving cavity in which said
wearer's heel rests upon said heel portion; and a recess formed in
said heel portion having an elastic membrane in said top surface, a
surround surface in said bottom surface and a sidewall extending
therebetween.
2. The shoe set forth in claim 1 wherein said sole includes a tread
formed on said bottom surface.
3. The shoe set forth in claim 2 wherein said sole includes a
cavity defining a cavity volume and a quantity of viscous gel
filling a portion of said cavity volume.
4. The shoe set forth in claim 3 wherein said elastic membrane
includes an indicia formed on said elastic membrane.
5. The shoe set forth in claim 4 wherein said upper includes at
least one mesh vent formed of a material permitting airflow into
and out from said foot-receiving cavity.
6. The shoe set forth in claim 5 wherein said upper includes a
closure strap extending downwardly and forwardly across said
upper.
7. The shoe set forth in claim 1 wherein said sole includes a
cavity defining a cavity volume and a quantity of viscous gel
filling a portion of said cavity volume.
8. The shoe set forth in claim 7 wherein said elastic membrane
includes an indicia formed on said elastic membrane.
9. The shoe set forth in claim 1 wherein said upper includes at
least one mesh vent formed of a material permitting airflow into
and out from said foot-receiving cavity.
10. A shoe comprising: a foot-receiving member including a heel
support; a cushion within said foot-receiving member; and a recess
formed in said cushion at said heel support, said recess including
a surround surface, an upwardly extending sidewall and an elastic
membrane spanning the upper portion of said recess.
11. The shoe set forth in claim 10 wherein said cushion includes a
removable insole.
12. The shoe set forth in claim 11 wherein said insole is formed of
an elastic flexible material.
13. An insole for use in combination with a shoe having a heel
supporting portion, said insole having a recess formed in said
cushion at said heel support, said recess including a surround
surface, an upwardly extending sidewall and an elastic membrane
spanning the upper portion of said recess.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates generally to shoes and other footwear
and particularly to the impact and shock absorption provided
therein. The invention relates to athletic shoes, general use
footwear, dress shoes (both men's and women's) and may be utilized
in an integrally formed sole structure or in a removable insole
structure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Shoes worn for various human athletic endeavors are well
known in the art and used extensively. As with other forms of
athletic gear and apparel, attention is given to the particular
needs of the sport or activity. Thus, athletic shoes are often
specialized in design for various athletic activities such as
running, jogging, walking, baseball, American football, soccer
football and so on. Not surprisingly, this broad spectrum of
specialized use has provided a virtually endless variety of
athletic shoe designs and structures.
[0003] Despite this extensive variation, such athletic shoes may
generally be described as employing the same combination of basic
elements. For example, virtually all athletic shoes utilize a sole
supporting a tread on its bottom surface and a foot supporting
cushion upper surface. In addition, a foot-receiving shoe upper is
secured to the sole by various fabrication techniques. Finally, a
closure device such as straps or laces is utilized to facilitate
the placement of the wearer's foot within the foot-receiving upper
and thereafter securing the foot therein.
[0004] While a substantial number of considerations and design
characteristics apply to each and every portion of the basic
athletic shoe, some generalizations may be made. By way of example,
the foot-receiving upper is maximally designed to provide wearing
comfort, flexible support together with adequate ventilation or
so-called "foot breathing". Similarly, the closure apparatus
utilized is designed to maximize security, comfort and ease of use.
Further, the sole portion of the shoe is also fabricated with the
objective of providing comfort together with other considerations
such as impact cushioning or energy absorption as well as
flexibility. Finally, the tread selected for the bottom surface of
the sole is designed to maximize surface gripping or traction as
well as wear qualities and impact cushioning.
[0005] Many of the design perimeters of athletic shoes are
determined by the complex method found in human activity such as
walking, jogging and running. In all such activities, the human
process for travel involves a complex rhythmic and repetitive
process of striding and thrusting operations.
[0006] Basically, this complex human movement can be broken down
into a series of repetitive operations or actions. Thus, as one leg
and foot engage the ground and thrust the human forward, the
alternate foot and leg stride forwardly through the air. As the
thrust of the thrusting leg and foot is completed, the foot of the
striding leg and foot is driven downwardly to meet the ground and
begins assuming the body weight. As the thrusting leg and foot
complete the thrust action, the foot is lifted and brought forward
transitioning to a forward striding motion. Simultaneously, the
body moves forward over the leg and foot of the now weight
supporting striding leg and foot. As the body continues forward,
the striding leg and foot transitions to a thrusting movement.
[0007] As the striding and thrusting process is repeated, each foot
undergoes a substantial impact when acting as the striding foot and
when being driven downwardly to impact the ground under body and
weight and forward momentum. As the body weight is transferred to
the striding foot, the impact is generally absorbed in a "heels
first" impact. The foot then rolls from heel to full foot and
thereafter to toe support as it moves from striding impact through
the thrusting action.
[0008] While all of the above design considerations are important
during the running, jogging or walking cycle, each foot repeatedly
forms striding impact, full foot support and thrusting, certain
design aspects become more critical than others during the cycle
portions. For example, during the striding impact, the degree of
energy absorbing cushioning provided to the foot with particular
attention to the heel portion thereof becomes temporarily most
critical. Similarly, during the full foot body weight support of
the cycle characteristics such as cushioning and traction become
maximally important. Finally, during the thrusting action of the
cycle, flexibility and traction become paramount
characteristics.
[0009] Throughout the rolling motion of the foot, flexibility of
the sole and tread as well as the foot upper remain critical
elements of shoe design. Often the competing characteristics of one
need such as cushioning may compete with or require compromise with
another characteristic such as traction or flexibility. Thus, the
full design of an athletic shoe structure is by its nature a
generally complex undertaking.
[0010] Prior art devices directed toward protecting the foot of a
shoe wearer have, for the most part, relied upon the use of
energy-absorbing compressible materials such as resilient foam or
the like. This use of compression based materials often results in
substantial energy of impact being imparted to the shoe wearer's
heel. This results from the non-linear characteristic of
compressible materials (ie. they often "bottom out") and the
general wear and loss of resilience which they exhibit.
[0011] With respect to footwear generally, as distinguished from
athletic wear, it will be noted that the above described problems
and design considerations are not limited to athletic shoes.
Rather, these principles and considerations apply in varying
degrees virtually all footwear. The greater stresses imposed upon
the human foot during athletic activity such as running, jogging or
walking do not render these design considerations and structures of
footwear set forth above exclusive to athletic footwear. However,
the above considerations become substantially more imperative and
critical in athletic footwear than general foot apparel. It will be
apparent however that the inventive structure found in the present
invention as described and set forth below can readily be
understood to all footwear generally with particular advantage in
athletic footwear. It will be equally important that the present
invention impact absorbing structure may be integrally formed in
virtually any type of shoe or may be formed as a removable insole
for various shoes.
[0012] Because of the ever continuing need to provide more
effective footwear for both general use and athletic activities,
there arises a continuing need in the art for evermore improved
footwear structures.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] Accordingly, it is a general object of the present invention
to provide an improved shoe having improved impact absorption. It
is a more particular object of the present invention to provide an
improved shoe having improved impact absorption which more
effectively meets the demanding needs and requirements found in
shoes intended for athletic activity as well as shoes used as more
general footwear. It is a still more particular object of the
present invention to provide an improved shoe having improved
impact absorption which does not rely upon compressible materials
but instead more effectively protects the heel portion of the foot
as the striding foot of the wearer impacts the ground and assumes
body weight through the use of a resilient heel hammock which
effectively cradles the wearer's heel.
[0014] In accordance with the present invention there is provided a
shoe comprising: a sole having a top surface a bottom surface and a
heel portion; an upper joined to the sole, the upper and the sole
top surface forming a foot-receiving cavity in which the wearer's
heel rests upon the heel portion; and an impact absorbing recess
formed in the heel portion having an elastic membrane in the top
surface, a surround surface in the bottom surface and a sidewall
extending therebetween.
[0015] From another perspective, the invention provides a shoe
comprising: a foot-receiving member including a heel support; a
cushion within the foot-receiving member; and an impact absorbing
recess formed in the heel support, the impact absorbing recess
including a surrounding surface, an upwardly extending sidewall and
an elastic membrane spanning the upper portion of the impact
absorbing recess.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The features of the present invention, which are believed to
be novel, are set forth with particularity in the appended claims.
The invention, together with further objects and advantages
thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
the several figures of which like reference numerals identify like
elements and in which:
[0017] FIG. 1 sets forth a perspective view of an improved athletic
shoe constructed in accordance with the present invention;
[0018] FIG. 2 sets forth a top view of the present invention
athletic shoe;
[0019] FIG. 3 sets forth a bottom view of the present invention
athletic shoe;
[0020] FIG. 4 sets forth a side elevation view of the present
invention athletic shoe;
[0021] FIG. 5 sets forth a section view of the present invention
athletic shoe taken along section lines 5-5 in FIG. 2;
[0022] FIG. 6 sets forth an enlarged partial section view of the
rear portion of the present invention athletic shoe showing an
illustrative human foot portion in phantom line depiction
therein;
[0023] FIG. 7 sets forth a partial view of an illustrative
conventional article of footwear having the present invention
impact absorbing mechanism therein;
[0024] FIG. 8 sets forth a partial section view of a further
embodiment of the present invention impact absorbing shoe;
[0025] FIG. 9 sets forth a top view of an insole utilizing a
further alternate embodiment of the present invention impact
absorbing mechanism;
[0026] FIG. 10 sets forth a partial section view of a still further
alternate embodiment of the present invention shoe; and
[0027] FIG. 11 sets forth a top plan view of an insole having a
still further alternate embodiment of the present invention impact
absorbing shoe.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0028] FIG. 1 sets forth a perspective view of an athletic shoe
constructed in accordance with the present invention and generally
referenced by numeral 10. Athletic shoe 10 includes an upper
portion 11 fabricated generally in accordance with conventional
fabrication techniques defining a foot-receiving portion 12 and
supporting a plurality of mesh vent portions 20, 21 and 22 (mesh
portion 22 shown in FIG. 2). Shoe 10 further includes a sole 13
formed of a molded rubber material or the like and defining a tread
portion 14 on the bottom surface thereof. Sole 13 further includes
a heel portion 15 and an inlay of flexible material 25
therebetween. Flexible portion 25 is preferably formed of a
material more flexible than the material forming sole 13 and heel
15. Vent portions 20, 21, and 22 are preferably formed of a mesh
material allowing air transfer therethrough. The function of mesh
portions 20, 21 and 22 is to provide sufficient "foot breathing" to
allow a more comfortable experience for the wearer of shoe 10. Shoe
10 further includes an angular extending strap 16. Strap 16
includes a conventional buckle and angularly extends downwardly
from one side of upper 11 and forwardly toward sole 13. The
function of closure strap 16 is to provide secure attachment of
upper 11 to the wearer's foot in an attachment which substantially
improves the fit of shoe 10.
[0029] FIG. 2 sets forth a top view of shoe 10. As described above,
shoe 10 includes a sole 13 having a heel portion 15. Shoe 10
further includes an upper 11 having mesh vent portions 20, 21 and
22 formed thereon. A foot receptacle 12 is formed in upper 11 and
is provided with closure by a downwardly and forwardly extending
strap 16. Sole 13 further defines upwardly extending ankle supports
18 and 19 which are sufficiently firm to add support to the
wearer's ankles.
[0030] FIG. 3 sets forth a bottom view of shoe 10. As described
above, shoe 10 includes a sole 13 formed of a molded rubber
material and the like and defining a thread 14. Thread 14 further
includes a simulated animal paw print shaped member 17. Sole 13
further includes a heel portion 15. In accordance with an important
aspect of the present invention, heel portion 15 defines a recess
30 formed by a sidewall 31 and a surrounding surface 32. The upper
portion of recess 30 defines an elastic membrane 33 supporting an
indicia 34. As is set forth below in greater detail, recess 30 and
elastic membrane 33 cooperate to form an impact absorbing "heel
hammock" which cradles and protects the wearer's heel, particularly
during foot impact.
[0031] This heel hammock operation of recess 30 and membrane 33 in
accordance with the present invention is described below in greater
detail. However, suffice it to note here that recess 30 operates to
distribute impact forces to surrounding surface 32 as elastic
membrane 33 flexes in an energy absorbing fashion in an action much
like a hammock supports weight. This heel hammock supports the
wearer's heel in a cradle-like support avoiding the energy transfer
of a compressible cushion. Indicia 34 provides a further
enhancement of the present invention recess and, may for example,
contain a personalized indicia or alternatively a trademark indicia
for the manufacturer of the shoe.
[0032] FIG. 4 sets forth a side elevation view of the present
invention shoe showing upper portion 11 having mesh vent portions
20 and 21 together with an angularly forwardly extending strap 16.
Shoe 10 further includes a sole 13 having a tread 14 formed on the
underside thereof together with a heel portion 15. Heel 15 further
defines a surrounding surface 32 which, as described below in
greater detail, generally encircles a cushion recess 30 (seen in
FIG. 3). Sole 13 further includes a more flexible portion 25
positioned forwardly of heel portion 15. The function of flexible
portion 25 is to provide a higher flexibility region within sole 13
allowing sole 13 to flex more easily to improve the wearer's
comfort.
[0033] FIG. 5 sets forth a section view of shoe 10 taken along
section lines 5-5 in FIG. 2.
[0034] As described above, shoe 10 includes an upper portion 11
supported by a sole 13 upon which a tread 14 is formed. As is also
described above, sole 13 includes a heel portion 15 defining a
recess 30 and a sidewall 31. At the upper portion of recess 30, an
elastic membrane 33 is formed which supports an optional indicia
35. In the preferred fabrication of the present invention, sole 13
including tread 14 and elastic membrane 33 together with
surrounding surface 32 are formed as a single molded rubber
portion.
[0035] In addition to the above described structure, shoe 10
further includes a cavity 26 formed within sole 13 and extending
generally the length and width of sole 13. Within cavity 26, an
elastic gel material 27 is captivated. In accordance with the
preferred fabrication of the present invention, elastic gel 27
occupies a portion of cavity 26 but not its entirety. Thus, with
the wearer's foot positioned within shoe 10 and with shoe 10
supporting weight upon the wearer's foot, cavity 26 is deformed
displacing and exerting upon elastic gel 27. Elastic gel 27
disperses to more fully occupy cavity 26 in response to the
downward force of the wearer's foot upon sole 13. In the preferred
fabrication of the present invention, elastic gel 27 provides a
viscous material which is able to resist flow to some extent but
which is completely deformable. Further, elastic gel 27 is further
selected to provide a characteristic by which the gel tends to
collect.
[0036] Accordingly, elastic gel 27 may, for example, comprise a
viscous plastic or rubber gel. Alternatively, elastic gel 27 may
utilize a silicone gel similar to that used in breast implants
having a selected viscosity. Gel 27 may also employ a material
which is not elastic in its properties but is instead extremely
viscous such as viscous oil or the like. The important aspect in
selecting the property of gel 27 is found in its ability to absorb
impact or force energy exerted downwardly upon sole 13 by the user
and to absorb the force or impact thereon by displacement of gel 27
rather than compression. For purposes of discussion in the
remaining material, gel 27 will be referred to as "elastic gel".
However, it will be understood that gel 27 need not posses elastic
characteristics but rather may also utilize a viscous gel which in
the cooperating reservoir exhibits an elastic quality. In further
accordance with the present invention, the energy or impact
absorbing qualities of shoe 10 are further enhanced by the
functioning of recess 30 together with elastic membrane 33 to
provide the above-mentioned heel hammock support. In accordance
with an important advantage of the present invention shoe, impact
energy imparted to heel portion 15 of shoe 10 by the wearer is
absorbed by a dual mechanism of elastic gel 27 and the heel hammock
elastic membrane 33. However, either mechanism operating separately
also provides important advantages in accordance with the present
invention. The important quality provided by the present invention
is absorption of the shock of impact.
[0037] With respect to the operation of recess 30, the extension of
sidewall 31 upwardly and the position of surrounding surface 32
cause impact against the ground as heel portion 15 impacts the
ground to be further absorbed by the stretching of elastic membrane
33 as it cradles the heel. Accordingly, the position of recess 30
and elastic membrane 33 is carefully chosen to position elastic
membrane 33 beneath the heel bone of the wearer allowing the
flexing membrane to support and protectively cradle the heel as the
membrane stretches and flexes around the heel. This additional
impact absorption is particularly advantageous due to the very
substantial amount of energy normally absorbed by the user's heel
during activity.
[0038] FIG. 6 sets forth an enlarged partial section view of the
present invention shoe together with a phantom line depiction of a
typical wearer's foot and heel bone. As described above, shoe 10
includes an upper portion 11 secured to a supporting sole 13. As is
also described above, sole 13 defines an extended cavity 26 within
which a quantity of elastic or viscous gel 27 is captivated. Sole
13 further includes a heel portion 15 having a recess 30 formed
therein. Recess 30 includes a sidewall 31 and a surrounding surface
32. Recess 30 further defines a relatively thin elastic membrane 33
supporting an optional visual indicia 34. A typical foot 40 having
a typical heel bone 41 is depicted within FIG. 6 to illustrate the
relative positioning of heel bone 41 and recess 30 for a typical
wearer of shoe 10. As can be seen, heel bone 41 which normally
provides substantial impact as foot 40 is driven downwardly to
impact the ground is generally supported by elastic member 33 and
surrounding surface 32. Thus, as the user strides forward during
walking, running or jogging and heel 15 impacts the ground, the
force applied to heel bone 41 of foot 40 is greatly absorbed by the
stretching of elastic surface 33 as it forms a hammock support. In
essence, the impact is transmitted directly from the ground to
surrounding surface 32 of heel 15. Thereafter, the substantially
thicker and therefore less flexible portions of sole 13 deflect a
relatively small amount. Conversely, the relatively thin portions
of elastic membrane 33 stretch a substantial distance downwardly
supporting the heel and absorbing the impact felt by heel bone 41.
The extent of downward deflection facilitated by elastic membrane
33 is determined for the most part by the depth of recess 30 and
the elasticity of membrane 33. Additional impact absorption is, as
described above, provided by gel 27 within cavity 26.
[0039] The combined impact absorbing effect of recess 30 together
with gel 27 within cavity 26 provides a substantial reduction in
the impact force felt by heel bone 41 of foot 40. In this manner, a
great improvement in the impact absorption for the wearer's foot
results in a reduced likelihood of injury and less wear and tear on
the users foot.
[0040] FIG. 7 sets forth an alternate embodiment of the present
invention shoe generally referenced by numeral 50. Shoe 50 is a
conventional "high heel" of the type typically worn by women.
However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the
descriptions which follow that the high heel structure of shoe 50
is selected for illustration purposes and that the present
invention embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is not limited to any
particular type of shoe. Thus, shoe 50 may be constructed in
accordance with conventional fabrication techniques and includes an
upper portion 51 supported by a sole 52 and a heel 53. In
accordance with the present invention, FIG. 7 also shows an insole
generally referenced by numeral 60. Insole 60 is fabricated of a
cushioning material such as rubber, foam plastic or the like and is
shaped to be received within the interior of shoe 50 and to be
conveniently positioned upon the upper surface of sole 52. Insole
60 includes a recess 61 having a sidewall 62 and an elastic
membrane 63 formed therein. Recess 21 including sidewall 62 and
elastic membrane 63 function in the same manner as cushion recess
30, sidewall 31 and elastic membrane 33 shown in shoe 10 (seen for
example in FIG. 3). The fundamental difference between the
embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and generally referenced as insole 60
and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 through 6 is the provision of a
removable insole which contains the present invention structure for
a heel hammock impact absorbing recess. Thus, insole 60 is
removable from shoe 50 and may be placed within a variety of
different shoes. Conversely, recess 30 shown in shoe 10 in FIGS. 1
through 6 is formed integrally with the sole of shoe 10 (see for
example FIG. 6).
[0041] Insole 60 having recess 61 functions in the same cushioning
and impact absorbing manner described above. Fundamentally, the
positioning of recess 61 and elastic membrane 63 beneath the heel
supporting portion of the host shoe 50 ensures that the wearer's
heel bone shown in phantom line depiction 70 is supported in a
cradle-like support by elastic membrane 63. Upon impact as the
wearer strides forward and heel 53 is brought into contact with the
ground surface elastic membrane 63 flexes downwardly within recess
61 absorbing energy and cushioning the impact communicated from
heel 53 to heel bone 70 of the wearer's foot. Once the force has
been absorbed during impact, and the users weight remains upon the
foot within shoe 50, elastic membrane 63 returns to a somewhat more
normal shape as shown in FIG. 7. However, it will be understood
that the continued load of a portion of the wearer's weight upon
insole 60 will cause some downward flexing of elastic membrane 63.
Thus, the material selected for insole 60 such as molded rubber or
plastic or other elastic material is selected with some
consideration for the users anticipated weight and with some
consideration for the thickness of elastic membrane 63 to be
formed.
[0042] FIG. 8 sets forth a partial section view of an alternate
embodiment of the present invention impact absorbing shoe generally
referenced by numeral 80. Shoe 80 will be understood to be
illustrative of virtually any shoe whether for general or athletic
use. Shoe 80 includes an outsole 81 defining a recess 82 in the
heel portion thereof. An insole 83 may be either formed integrally
within shoe 80 or be a removable insole as desired. Insole 83 spans
recess 82 within the interior of upper 85 of shoe 80. Insole 83
further defines a lower durameter or more elastic portion 85.
Portion 85 may be fabricated by attachment to insole 83 using
conventional attachment such as sonic or adhesive attachment or the
like. The important function of portion 84 is to provide a flexible
membrane spanning recess 82 to provide the above-described heel
hammock which cradles the heel of the wearer's foot under impact.
The mechanism by which the embodiment of FIG. 8 functions is
substantially identical to that described above as under impact the
user's heel stretches portion 84 downwardly into recess 82 to
provide impact absorption.
[0043] FIG. 9 sets forth a top plan view of an insole constructed
in accordance with a still further alternate embodiment of the
present invention and generally referenced by numeral 90. Insole 90
may be a removable insole capable of being moved to and from a host
shoe or, alternatively, may be integrally formed as the permanent
insole of a shoe. Insole 90 defines an aperture 91 together with a
mesh membrane 92 spanning aperture 91. Mesh membrane 92 provides
the above-described flexible elastic covering for a recess within
the host shoe. In this manner, mesh membrane 92 functions to
provide the impact absorbing cradling effect which, in accordance
with the present invention, protects the heel of a shoe wearer
during impact.
[0044] FIG. 10 sets forth a partial section view of a still further
alternate embodiment of the present invention shoe generally
referenced by numeral 95. Shoe 95 will be understood to be
illustrative of virtually any type of shoe whether general or
athletic use or the like. Shoe 95 includes an outsole 96 within
which a recess 97 is formed in the heel portion thereof. An insole
98 is supported within shoe 95 and may be permanently secured or
removable as desired. Of importance with respect to the present
invention is a thinner membrane portion 99 formed integrally with
insole 98 which is generally aligned with and which generally spans
recess 97. The cooperation of thinner membrane 99 and recess 97
provides the above-described flexing under impact to protect the
wearer's heel in the heel hammock and cradling effect described
above.
[0045] FIG. 11 sets forth a top view of a still further alternate
embodiment of the present invention impact absorbing shoe. FIG. 11
shows an insole generally referenced by numeral 100 configured to
be received within the interior of a host shoe (not shown). Insole
100 may be permanently secured within the host shoe or removable as
desired. Insole 100 is generally planar and defines a first cavity
101 positioned upon insole 100 to generally lie beneath the ball of
the wearer's foot. Insole 100 further includes a second cavity 102
generally positioned upon insole 100 to lie beneath the heel of the
wearer's foot. Cavities 101 and 102 are connected by a transfer
passage 103. A quantity of viscous gel 104 is supported within a
portion of cavity 101 while a second quantity of gel 105 is
supported within a portion of cavity 102. It will be noted that gel
portions 104 and 105 do not fully occupy cavities 101 and 102
respectively. The embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
1 utilizes the size of transfer passage 103 and the viscosity of
gel within cavities 101 and 102 to provide an impact absorption as
the wearer's foot impacts either cavity. For example, in the event
of a heel impact, the wearer's heel imparts a force to cavity 102
displacing gel 105 through transfer passage 103 in the direction
indicated by arrow 107 causing the viscous gel to flow into cavity
101. The partial filling of cavity 101 allows the additional gel to
be transferred thereto. This gel transfer and the viscosity of the
gel cooperating with the size (resistance to gel flow) of transfer
passage 103 combine to absorb the energy of heel impact.
[0046] Conversely, when the wearer encounters an impact to the ball
of the wearer's foot, a displacement of gel 104 within cavity 101
through passage 103 in the direction of arrow 106 occurs. The
transferred gel is displaced through passage 103 into cavity 102 in
the direction indicated by arrow 106 combining with gel quantity
105. Thus, the operation of insole 100 utilizes the restricted flow
resistance of passage 103 between cavities 101 and 102 to cause
energy to be absorbed as the respective gel quantities are
displaced due to foot impact upon the insole.
[0047] What has been shown in a novel shoe having improved impact
absorption and an alternate embodiment thereof in which a removable
insole having impact absorption fabricated in accordance with the
present invention is provided. The novel aspects of the invention
include the provision of a recess within the heel portion of the
shoe or insole together with an elastic membrane upon which the
heel bore impact of the wearer's movement is dissipated as the
member flexes. The inventive impact absorbing structure may be
incorporated as an integral part of a molded shoe sole such as that
found in athletic shoes or alternatively may be fabricated within a
removable insole for use in a number of different shoes. The
invention further provides a cavity formed within the sole of a
shoe within which a gel such as an elastic material gel or a highly
viscous gel is captivated in a quantity less than the full capacity
of the cavity. This facilitates the viscous or elastic movement of
the gel material under load within the cavity to provide a novel
impact absorbing effect.
[0048] While particular embodiments of the invention have been
shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art
that changes and modifications may be made without departing from
the invention in its broader aspects. Therefore, the aim in the
appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as
fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *