U.S. patent application number 10/759924 was filed with the patent office on 2004-10-14 for liquid ring pump.
Invention is credited to Barton, Russell H..
Application Number | 20040202549 10/759924 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 33134933 |
Filed Date | 2004-10-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040202549 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Barton, Russell H. |
October 14, 2004 |
Liquid ring pump
Abstract
The invention provides devices, systems and methods for use in
compressing and/or pumping gases or vapors using a fluid ring pump.
In one embodiment, a rotor is provided for being rotatably mounted
eccentrically within a housing on a liquid ring pump. The rotor
comprises an annular inner surface having a plurality of radial
apertures and a plurality of walled cells. The walled cells project
radially outward from the annular inner surface. A wall on each of
the walled cells extend around at least one of the radial
apertures.
Inventors: |
Barton, Russell H.;
(US) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SEED INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW GROUP PLLC
701 FIFTH AVE
SUITE 6300
SEATTLE
WA
98104-7092
US
|
Family ID: |
33134933 |
Appl. No.: |
10/759924 |
Filed: |
January 16, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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60440892 |
Jan 17, 2003 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
417/68 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04C 29/0085 20130101;
F04C 19/005 20130101; F04C 19/008 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
417/068 |
International
Class: |
F04C 019/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A liquid ring pump comprising: (a) a housing; and (b) a rotor
rotatably mounted eccentrically within the housing, the rotor
comprising: (i) an annular inner surface having a plurality of
radial apertures therein; (ii) a plurality of spaced blades
interspersed between the plurality of radial apertures, the blades
projecting radially outward from the annular inner surface; and
(iii) at least a pair of side walls spaced apart axially along the
annular inner surface with one side wall on each axial side of the
radial apertures, the side walls projecting outwardly from the
annular inner surface and extending between the spaced blades to
form a plurality of radially extending chambers; wherein gas enters
and leaves the chambers through the radial apertures during
operation.
2. The liquid ring pump of claim 1, further comprising port means
for supplying gas to and receiving gas from the chambers through
the apertures of the annular rotor.
3. The liquid ring pump of claim 1, further comprising (a) an
intake port positioned radially inward of the annular rotor for
directing gas to the compression chambers; and (b) a discharge port
positioned radially inward of the annular rotor surface for
receiving gas discharged from the compression chambers, the
discharge port being angularly spaced from the intake port.
4. The liquid ring pump of claim 1 wherein one blade is positioned
between each adjacent pairs of radial apertures.
5. The liquid ring pump of claim 1 wherein one side wall is
positioned on each side of the radial apertures.
6. The liquid ring pump of claim 1, further comprising means for
routing the liquid from a first location within the housing at
which the liquid is subjected to a first pressure during operation
to a contact surface between moving parts of the liquid ring pump,
the contact surface being at a second location at a second pressure
less than the first pressure during operation.
7. The liquid ring pump of claim 1, further comprising: (a) an
aperture positioned on an outer surface of a contact journal of the
liquid ring pump; and (b) a channel positioned radially inward of
the contact journal for providing liquid to the aperture.
8. The liquid ring pump of claim 7, further comprising a connection
between the housing and the channel for providing liquid in the
liquid ring to the contact journal during operation.
9. The liquid ring pump of claim 1 wherein the housing is
configured to rotate about an axis parallel to an axis of the
rotor, the housing having a plurality of inwardly extending
elements adapted to cause the liquid in the liquid ring pump to
rotate when the rotatable ring is rotated.
10. The liquid ring pump of claim 9, further comprising an
actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to the housing
to controllably rotate the liquid.
11. The liquid ring pump of claim 1 wherein the housing comprises a
rotatable ring configured to rotate about an axis parallel to an
axis of the rotor, the rotatable ring having a plurality of
inwardly extending elements adapted to cause the liquid in the
liquid ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is rotated.
12. The liquid ring pump of claim 11, further comprising an
actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to the
rotatable ring to controllably rotate the liquid.
13. The liquid ring pump of claim 1 wherein the housing comprises a
rotatable ring configured to rotate about an axis parallel to an
axis of the rotor, the rotatable ring having means to cause the
liquid in the liquid ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is
rotated.
14. The liquid ring pump of claim 13, further comprising an
actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to the
rotatable ring to controllably rotate the liquid.
15. A rotor for being rotatably mounted eccentrically within a
housing on a liquid ring pump, the rotor comprising: (a) an annular
inner surface having a plurality of radial apertures therein; (b) a
plurality of spaced blades interspersed between the plurality of
radial apertures, the blades projecting radially outward from the
annular inner surface; and (c) at least a pair of side walls spaced
apart axially along the annular inner surface with one side wall on
each axial side of the radial apertures, the side walls projecting
outwardly from the annular inner surface and extending between the
spaced blades to form a plurality of radially extending
chambers.
16. A rotor for being rotatably mounted eccentrically within a
housing on a liquid ring pump, the rotor comprising: (a) an annular
inner surface having a plurality of radial apertures therein; and
(b) a plurality of walled cells projecting radially outward from
the annular inner surface, a wall on each of the walled cells
extending around at least one of the radial apertures.
17. A liquid pump comprising: (a) a housing having a rotatable ring
configured to rotate about a rotary axis, the rotatable ring having
a plurality of inwardly extending elements adapted to cause a
liquid in the liquid ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is
rotated; (b) a rotor mounted within the housing to rotate at least
partially within the rotatable ring about an axis parallel with the
rotary axis, the rotor being eccentrically positioned within the
housing, the rotor comprising: (i) an annular inner surface having
a plurality of radial apertures therein; (ii) a plurality of spaced
blades interspersed between the plurality of radial apertures, the
blades projecting radially outward from the annular inner surface;
and (iii) at least a pair of side walls spaced apart axially along
the annular inner surface with one side wall on each axial side of
the radial apertures, the side walls projecting outwardly from the
annular inner surface and extending between the spaced blades to
form a plurality of radially extending chambers; and (c) an
actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to the
rotatable ring to controllably rotate the liquid.
18. A liquid ring pump comprising: (a) a housing; (b) a rotor
rotatably mounted eccentrically within the housing, the rotor being
configured to cause the liquid to rotate within the housing during
operation, and (c) means for routing the liquid from a first
location within the housing to a contact surface between two moving
parts of the liquid ring pump, the first location being at a first
pressure during operation, the contact surface being at a second
pressure during operation, the second pressure being less than the
first pressure.
19. The liquid ring pump of claim 18 wherein the housing comprises
a rotatable ring configured to rotate about an axis parallel to an
axis of the rotor, the rotatable ring having means to cause the
liquid in the liquid ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is
rotated.
20. The liquid ring pump of claim 19, further comprising an
actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to the
rotatable ring to controllably rotate the liquid.
21. A method for operating a liquid ring pump, comprising: (a)
rotating a rotor eccentrically mounted within a housing to cause
the liquid to flow circumferentially around an interior of the
housing; and (b) directing a portion of the liquid from an area
within the housing subject to a relatively high pressure to an area
within the housing subject to a relatively low pressure, the liquid
flowing between at least two adjacent parts to facilitate relative
movement between the two parts.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional
Patent Application No. 60/440,892, filed Jan. 17, 2003, where this
provisional application is incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to pumps and compressors, and
more particularly, to liquid ring pumps and compressors.
[0004] 2. Background of the Invention
[0005] A liquid ring pump operates on the rotary liquid piston
principle. A typical liquid ring pump A is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
As shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic side view of liquid ring
pump A, it consists of an annular housing 1, within which is
eccentrically mounted a rotor 2 with radially extending and
angularly spaced blades 3. During operation of liquid ring pump A,
a working liquid introduced in housing 1 is forced outwardly by the
rotating blades, thereby forming a liquid ring 4 concentric to
housing 1. Gas is introduced in compression zones 5, which is
defined as the spaces between blades 3, such space being closed off
by the inner surface of liquid ring 4. Because of the eccentric
position e(A) of rotor 2 and the concentric position c(A) of liquid
ring 4, a piston action results as the position of liquid ring 4's
inner surface in relation to rotor 2 varies depending on the
compression zones' 5 circumferential location.
[0006] As shown in FIG. 1, gas is introduced to compression zones 5
in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation e(A) of rotor 2 via
a suction port 6 positioned at an axial end of liquid ring pump A.
Similarly, gas is discharged from compression zones 5 in a
direction parallel to the axis of rotation of rotor 2 via a
discharge port 7 positioned at an axial end of liquid ring pump
A.
[0007] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, which are cut-out views of liquid
ring pump A along lines 2-2 and 3-3 of FIG. 1, respectively, a
problem with liquid ring pump A's design is associated with the
value of the clearance C.sub.L which exists between housing 1's
inner surface and the axial ends of blades 3. More specifically, as
clearance C.sub.L is lowered, friction between housing 1's inner
surface and the axial ends of blades 3 increases, thereby having a
negative impact on liquid ring pump A's efficiency. Conversely, as
clearance C.sub.L is increased, individual compression zones 5's
integrity is compromised as gas can leak out of the axial ends of
blades 3, thereby, again, having a negative impact on liquid ring
pump A's efficiency. This limitation with liquid ring pump A's
design results in tight tolerances having to be attained with
respect to the value of clearance C.sub.L, which has a negative
impact on the costs of liquid ring pump A. Furthermore, liquid ring
pump A's design is not amenable to having foreign substances being
introduced in the compression zones 5. Indeed, dirt finding its way
in compression zones 5 would likely also find its way to clearance
C.sub.L which, because of the small dimensions involved, would
negatively impact liquid ring pump A's efficiency as friction
forces would increase.
[0008] Accordingly, there is a general need for a liquid ring pump,
which addresses the typical requirement of the need to have tight
tolerances for the value of clearance C.sub.L. There is also a need
for a liquid ring pump that can better tolerate the introduction of
foreign substances during operation without significant reduction
in efficiency.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention is generally directed toward devices,
systems and methods for use in compressing and/or pumping gases or
vapors using a fluid ring pump. In one embodiment, a liquid ring
pump is provided comprising a housing and a rotor, the rotor being
rotatably mounted eccentrically within the housing. The rotor
comprises an annular inner surface having a plurality of radial
apertures, a plurality of spaced blades interspersed between the
plurality of radial apertures and at least a pair of side walls
spaced apart axially along the annular inner surface with one side
wall on each axial side of the radial apertures. The blades project
radially outward from the annular inner surface. The side walls
project outwardly from the annular inner surface and extending
between the spaced blades to form a plurality of radially extending
chambers. One blade may be positioned between each adjacent pairs
of radial apertures. One side wall may be positioned on each side
of the radial apertures. Gas enters and leaves the chambers through
the radial apertures during operation.
[0010] The liquid ring pump may comprise port means for supplying
gas to and receiving gas from the chambers through the apertures of
the annular rotor.
[0011] The liquid ring pump may comprise an intake port positioned
radially inward of the annular rotor for directing gas to the
compression chambers and a discharge port positioned radially
inward of the annular rotor surface for receiving gas discharged
from the compression chambers, the discharge port being angularly
spaced from the intake port.
[0012] The liquid ring pump may comprise means for routing the
liquid from a first location within the housing, at which the
liquid is subjected to a first pressure during operation, to a
contact surface between moving parts of the liquid ring pump, the
contact surface being at a second location at a second pressure
less than the first pressure during operation.
[0013] The liquid ring pump may comprise an aperture positioned on
an outer surface of a contact journal of the liquid ring pump and a
channel positioned radially inward of the contact journal for
providing liquid to the aperture. The liquid ring pump may further
comprise a connection between the housing and the channel for
providing liquid in the liquid ring to the contact journal during
operation.
[0014] The housing may be configured to rotate about an axis
parallel to an axis of the rotor, the housing having a plurality of
inwardly extending elements adapted to cause the liquid in the
liquid ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is rotated.
Alternatively, the housing may comprise a rotatable ring configured
to rotate about an axis parallel to an axis of the rotor, the
rotatable ring having a plurality of inwardly extending elements
adapted to cause the liquid in the liquid ring pump to rotate when
the rotatable ring is rotated. Alternatively, the housing may
comprise a rotatable ring configured to rotate about an axis
parallel to an axis of the rotor, the rotatable ring having means
to cause the liquid in the liquid ring pump to rotate when the
rotatable ring is rotated. The liquid ring pump may further
comprise an actuator, the actuator being magnetically couplable to
the rotatable ring to controllably rotate the liquid.
[0015] In another embodiment, a rotor is provided for being
rotatably mounted eccentrically within a housing on a liquid ring
pump. The rotor comprises an annular inner surface having a
plurality of radial apertures, a plurality of spaced blades
interspersed between the plurality of radial apertures and at least
a pair of side walls spaced apart axially along the annular inner
surface with one side wall on each axial side of the radial
apertures. The blades project radially outward from the annular
inner surface. The side walls project outwardly from the annular
inner surface and extend between the spaced blades to form a
plurality of radially extending chambers.
[0016] In another embodiment, a rotor is provided for being
rotatably mounted eccentrically within a housing on a liquid ring
pump. The rotor comprises an annular inner surface having a
plurality of radial apertures and a plurality of walled cells. The
walled cells project radially outward from the annular inner
surface. A wall on each of the walled cells extend around at least
one of the radial apertures.
[0017] In another embodiment, a liquid pump is provided comprising
a housing. The housing has a rotatable ring configured to rotate
about a rotary axis. The rotatable ring has a plurality of inwardly
extending elements adapted to cause a liquid in the liquid ring
pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is rotated. The liquid ring
pump further comprises a rotor. The rotor is mounted within the
housing to rotate at least partially within the rotatable ring
about an axis parallel with the rotary axis. The rotor is
eccentrically positioned within the housing. The rotor comprises an
annular inner surface having a plurality of radial apertures, a
plurality of spaced blades interspersed between the plurality of
radial apertures and at least a pair of side walls spaced apart
axially along the annular inner surface with one side wall on each
axial side of the radial apertures. The blades project radially
outward from the annular inner surface. The side walls project
outwardly from the annular inner surface and extend between the
spaced blades to form a plurality of radially extending chambers.
The liquid ring pump further comprises an actuator. The actuator is
magnetically couplable to the rotatable ring to controllably rotate
the liquid.
[0018] In another embodiment, a liquid ring pump is provided
comprising a housing, a rotor and means for routing the liquid from
a first location within the housing to a contact surface between
two moving parts of the liquid ring pump. The first location is at
a first pressure during operation. The contact surface is at a
second pressure during operation, the second pressure being less
than the first pressure. The rotor is rotatably mounted
eccentrically within the housing and is configured to cause the
liquid to rotate within the housing during operation.
[0019] The housing may comprise a rotatable ring configured to
rotate about an axis parallel to an axis of the rotor. The
rotatable ring comprises means to cause the liquid in the liquid
ring pump to rotate when the rotatable ring is rotated.
[0020] The liquid ring pump may comprise an actuator. The actuator
is magnetically couplable to the rotatable ring to controllably
rotate the liquid.
[0021] In another embodiment, a method for operating a liquid ring
pump is provided. The method comprises rotating a rotor, the rotor
being eccentrically mounted within a housing to cause the liquid to
flow circumferentially around an interior of the housing. The
method further comprises directing a portion of the liquid from an
area within the housing subject to a relatively high pressure to an
area within the housing subject to a relatively low pressure. As a
result, liquid flows between at least two adjacent parts to
facilitate relative movement between the two parts.
[0022] Many specific details of certain embodiments of the
invention are set forth in the detailed description below to
provide a thorough understanding of such embodiments. One skilled
in the art, however, will understand that the present invention may
have additional embodiments, or may be practiced without several of
the details described.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a liquid ring pump
according to the prior art.
[0024] FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid
ring pump of FIG. 1, viewed along Section 2-2.
[0025] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid
ring pump of FIG. 1, viewed along Section 3-3.
[0026] FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view of a liquid ring pump
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] FIG. 5 is a partial diametric cross-section of the liquid
ring pump of FIG. 4.
[0028] FIG. 6 are views of the housing of the liquid ring pump of
FIG. 4.
[0029] FIG. 7 is an exploded isometric view of the rotor of the
liquid ring pump of FIG. 4, shown with some of the elements
diametrically cross-sectioned for clarity.
[0030] FIGS. 8A and 8B are isometric views of the rotor of the
liquid ring pump of FIG. 4.
[0031] FIG. 9 is an exploded isometric view of a liquid ring pump
according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] FIG. 10 is a partial diametric cross-section of the liquid
ring pump of FIG. 9.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0033] Many specific details of certain embodiments of the
invention are set forth in the detailed description below, and
illustrated in enclosed FIGS. 4-10, to provide a thorough
understanding of such embodiments. One skilled in the art, however,
will understand that the present invention may have additional
embodiments, or may be practiced without several of the details
described.
[0034] FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a liquid ring pump 10 according to
one embodiment of the present invention. Liquid ring pump 10
generally incorporates a housing 12A and 12B (also shown in FIG.
6), an annular rotor 14 (also shown in FIG. 7) and an
intake-discharge port assembly 16 (also shown in FIGS. 8A and
8B).
[0035] In the current embodiment, housing 12A/12B is a 2-part
element which, when connected to one another, forms an inner
annular surface 18. Rotor 14 is mounted eccentrically within
housing 12A/12B, i.e., axis of rotation e(B) of rotor 14 does not
align with geometric center axis c(B) of housing 12A/12B.
Consequently, as best illustrated in FIG. 5, the distance between
rotor 14 and inner annular surface 18 of housing 12 varies
angularly about the perimeter of the rotor.
[0036] Rotor 14 comprises a plurality of radially extending and
angularly spaced blades 20 (FIG. 7) and sidewalls 22 (FIG. 7),
configured to form radially extending and outwardly opened
compression zones 24 spaced about the perimeter of the rotor. In
the illustrated embodiment, each compression zone 24 is completely
surrounded by a pair of opposing blades 20 and a pair of opposing
sidewalls 22. The outermost portion of each of compression zones
24, also referred to as the outward opening, is open to the
outside. The inventors appreciate that more or fewer blades 20
and/or sidewalls 22 can be spaced radially and axially about the
rotor.
[0037] During operation, the outward openings of compression zones
24 are closed-off by a liquid ring, which is rotated within housing
12 by the corresponding rotation of rotor 14. The inward portion of
each of compression zones 24 is closed off but for an aperture 25
in each of compression zones 24 that enables gas or vapor to pass
from/to port assembly 16 to/from the relevant compression zone 24.
As rotor 14 rotates and the liquid ring moves radially outward and
inward with respect to compression zones 24, the gas or vapor is
drawn in or discharged out of the compression zone,
respectively.
[0038] Rotor 14 is positioned concentrically outside of port
assembly 16, and the rotor rotates around the port assembly, which
is secured to the inner end of housing 12B via a couple of screws
protruding through orifices 13 (FIG. 6). Port assembly 16 includes
an intake port 26 and a discharge port 28 (FIG. 8A), both of which
are aligned axially with apertures 25 on rotor 14 during use, so
that gas or vapor passing through the aperture will also pass
through the respective port when the two are aligned with each
other.
[0039] Intake port 26 is routed to direct gas or vapor from a gas
or vapor source through an intake opening 26A (FIG. 6) in housing
12B to compression zones 24 via apertures 25 as the respective
apertures/compression zones rotate past intake port 26. Similarly,
discharge port 28 directs gas away from compression zones 24 via
apertures 25 through a discharge opening 28A (FIG. 6) in housing
12B to a storage device or other user as the respective
apertures/compression zones rotate past discharge port 28. Intake
port 26 is positioned angularly within housing 12 to correspond to
a location at which the liquid ring is moving outward with respect
to compression zone 24. Consequently, when the respective aperture
25 aligns with intake port 26, a negative pressure in compression
zone 24 draws gas or vapor from a gas or vapor source into the
compression zone. Likewise, discharge port 28 is positioned to
correspond to a location at which the liquid ring is moving inward
with respect to compression zone 24, such that a positive pressure
in the compression zone forces gas or vapor out of the compression
zone. The inventors appreciate that the exact angular locations of
the ports can be varied to optimize the transfer of gas or vapor
between ports 26/28 and compression zones 24.
[0040] The water necessary for the formation of the liquid ring can
be introduced to liquid ring pump 10 through intake opening 26A,
either by adding it to gas or vapor being directed to liquid ring
pump 10 or extracting it from such gas or vapor.
[0041] As shown in FIG. 4, rotor 14 is driven within housing
12A/12B by an electric motor, which incorporates windings 32 and
magnets 34. Windings 32 are fixed to housing 12A, and magnets 34
rotate within windings 32. Magnets 34 are coupled to an elongated
neck 38 of rotor 14, which can be fixed so that magnets 34, rotor
14 and elongated neck 38 rotate as a unit within housing 12A/12B.
In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 7, magnets 34 are pressure
fit onto an enlarged distal portion 39 of neck 38. The inventors
appreciate that the magnets 34 can be attached to the rotor 14 by
other means known in the art. Windings 32 are held in position via
end cap 52, which in turn is secured to housing end 12A.
[0042] Elongated neck 38 of rotor 14 is hollow, so as to slideably
fit over column 40 which extends from port assembly 16. In the
current embodiment, such fit is accomplished via first contact
bearing 36 (best shown in FIG. 7), positioned on the inner surface
of hollow elongated neck 38, and first contact journal 41 (best
shown in FIG. 8B), positioned on the outer surface of column 40.
First contact bearing 36 and first contact journal 41 are adapted
to reduce the friction between each other.
[0043] As shown in FIG. 4, a slotted second contact bearing 44 is
positioned on the inner surface of compression zones 24 of rotor
14. Slots, or in the illustrated embodiment, holes 46 are spaced
around the perimeter of slotted second contact bearing 44 and are
positioned axially to align with apertures 25 in rotor 14 to allow
gas or vapor to pass through. Slotted second contact bearing 44
rotates with rotor 14 as a unit and slideably fits over the outer
surface of port assembly 16 which, in the current embodiment, is
encircled by a slotted second contact journal 17 (best shown in
FIG. 8A) with slots positioned to align with intake port 26 and
discharge port 28. Second contact bearing 44 and second contact
journal 17 are adapted to reduce the friction between each other.
Rotor 14 is held in place over port assembly 16 via a pressure
plate 48 and a removable screw 49 received within opening 42 at
extremity of column 40. A pair of thrust bearings 50/51 are
positioned on opposing ends of neck 38 to reduce friction between
rotor 14 and port assembly 16/column 40. During operation of liquid
ring pump 10, there are typically no appreciable loads on thrust
bearings 50/51 as windings 32/magnets 34 assembly are adapted to
properly position axially rotor 14 over port assembly 16/column
40.
[0044] As stated above, first contact bearing 36 and first contact
journal 41, as well as second contact bearing 44 and second contact
journal 17, are adapted to reduce the friction between each other.
In the current embodiment, this is accomplished by the introduction
of water bleed holes 60 and 61 in port assembly 16/column 40. Such
bleed holes (60-61) link the outer surface of first contact journal
41 and second contact journal 17 to a channel 65 (FIG. 5)
positioned in port assembly 16/column 40. Water introduced to
channel 65 via water bleed intake port 66 migrates to the outer
surface of first and second contact journals (41 & 17
respectively) so that a thin water film is created between such
journals and first and second contact bearings 36 and 44. In the
current embodiment, the water introduced to bleed intake port 66
originates from the circumferentially outward portion of the liquid
ring via a bleed line 68 (FIG. 4) linking bleed intake port 66 to a
bleed discharge port 70 (FIG. 4) positioned in housing 12B: because
of the pressure gradient between bleed discharge port 70 and bleed
intake port 66 during operation, water naturally migrates to
channel 65, thereby ensuring a constant supply of water for the
water film created between first and second contact bearings (36
and 44) and first and second contact journals (41 & 17).
[0045] FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a liquid ring pump 110 according
to an alternate embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the
previous embodiment, pump 110 incorporates a housing 112 [a 2-part
element (112A-112B) which, when connected to one another, forms an
inner annular surface] and a rotor 114 which rotates around an
intake-discharge port assembly 116. Similar to the previous
embodiment, rotor 114 has a number of compression zones 124, made
up of blades 120 and sidewalls 122, and each having at least one
aperture 125 at its inward end, as with the previous embodiment. In
this embodiment, however, rotor 114 is not driven by a drive shaft
but rotates freely around port assembly 116. As rotor 114 rotates
in a rotating ring of liquid, the intake and discharge of gas or
vapor operates similar to that described above through intake port
126 and discharge port 128.
[0046] Rotor 114 and the ring of liquid are driven in this
embodiment without a drive shaft. Instead, housing 112, more
specifically in this embodiment bottom-housing element 112A,
incorporates an electric motor rotor. An external stator 132 drives
the electric motor rotor of housing 112, so that it drives housing
112. Because stator 132 is fixed in relation to port assembly 116,
stator 132 drives housing 112 to rotate around port assembly 116.
The internal surface of housing 112 has a number of fins 135
projecting inward. Rotation of housing 112 thus results in rotation
of the liquid. Rotation of the liquid in turn results in rotation
of rotor 114. Rotor 114 is thus rotated in housing 112 without a
shaft, which translates to a significant reduction in the numbers
of seals and bearings incorporated in pump 110. With fewer seals
and bearings, pump 110 of the present invention may require less
maintenance, fewer replacement parts, and consequently may have an
extended useful life as compared to pumps of the prior art.
[0047] The inventors appreciate that other embodiments of the
internal surface of housing 112 are possible to induce rotation of
the liquid: instead of a number of fins 135 projecting inward from
the internal surface of housing 112, said surface may comprise any
type of protrusions that will induce rotation of the liquid; said
surface may alternatively have a high coefficient of friction with
the liquid so that rotation of the liquid will be induced.
[0048] The inventors also appreciate that, instead of housing 112
rotating around port assembly 116, an element positioned within the
housing, such as a rotatable ring or sleeve, magnetically coupled
to stator 132, may alternatively drive the rotation of the
liquid.
[0049] Similar to the previous embodiment, the introduction of
water bleed holes can be used to effectively reduce friction
between the moving parts. In this embodiment, this is accomplished
as follows. The axis of rotation of rotor 114 in this embodiment is
vertical, with bottom-housing element 112A, which encloses port
assembly 116 and rotor 114, being positioned at the vertically
lowest portion of pump 110. Consequently, being naturally drawn to
bottom-housing element 112A, the liquid serves to constantly
lubricate the surfaces between port assembly 116 and rotor 114,
reducing or eliminating the need to lubricate, oil or grease pump
110. The system can be further adapted with a fluid circulation
system that draws liquid from bottom-housing element 112A and
injects it between the moving parts to further lubricate the
system, similar to that discussed above.
[0050] This embodiment also reduces or eliminates the need for
seals. In the current embodiment, bottom-housing element 112A is
cup shaped, with top housing element 112B being attached to its
open end. Top housing element 112B closes off open end of
bottom-housing element 112A and wraps around the protruding end of
port assembly 116. The top end of top housing element 112B
comprises an inner lip 170 to catch any of the liquid leaking out
of pump 110. Such liquid can then be redirected to pump 110
through, for example, bleed hole 160 linking the top surface of the
protruding end of port assembly 116 to the outer surface of such
protruding end.
[0051] The inventors appreciate that the axis of rotation of rotor
114 may be other than vertical and that such a feature would
necessitate modifications that would be well known by those skilled
in the art, such as the introduction of a sealing mechanism at the
protruding end of port assembly 116, as lip 170 would likely not be
sufficient.
[0052] While particular elements, embodiments and applications of
the present method and apparatus have been shown and described
herein, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not
limited thereto since modifications may be made by those skilled in
the art, particularly in light of the foregoing teachings. It is
therefore contemplated by the appended claims to cover such
modifications as incorporate those features that come within the
scope of the invention.
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