U.S. patent application number 10/672570 was filed with the patent office on 2004-10-14 for procedure in construction of high speed windproof houses.
Invention is credited to Martinez-Cepeda, Federico.
Application Number | 20040200181 10/672570 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 35744630 |
Filed Date | 2004-10-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040200181 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Martinez-Cepeda, Federico |
October 14, 2004 |
Procedure in construction of high speed windproof houses
Abstract
A novel procedure in construction houses is presented with the
particular characteristic of being projected to support efficiently
the loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in the
atmospheric phenomenon denominated TORNADO. The procedure steps can
be summarized as follows: a first step consists of constructing the
structure of a prototype house. A second step consists of the
covering of the structure with steel lamina, forming a fuselage of
the house, a showier final effect, then a covering in the interior
with hard tongued and grooved wood. A third step consists of
setting the closings of the structure. Therefore, the range of the
invention is subscribed to the universe of the structural profiles
used for metallic constructions.
Inventors: |
Martinez-Cepeda, Federico;
(Laguna de Mayran, MX) |
Correspondence
Address: |
John S. Egbert
Harrison & Egbert
7th Floor
412 Main Street
Houston
TX
77002
US
|
Family ID: |
35744630 |
Appl. No.: |
10/672570 |
Filed: |
September 29, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
52/741.1 ;
52/745.17 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H 9/14 20130101; E04B
2001/2448 20130101; Y02A 50/00 20180101; Y02A 50/14 20180101; E04B
2001/2415 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
052/741.1 ;
052/745.17 |
International
Class: |
E04B 001/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 11, 2003 |
MX |
PA/A/2003/003224 |
Claims
1. A procedure in construction of high speed windproof houses, said
windproof houses comprised of a high resistance steel profile,
similar to type Mon-Ten, rolling lamina in cold and with ua drawing
formed by skids, a core and some closings, having said core as well
as the closings stiffened, in order to obtain that all the section
is an effective area and at the same time, obtaining with those
stiffenings, in a safe and efficient way fixation of he steel
lamina that is used later on, which efficiently supports the loads
and efforts provoked by the wind at high speed, said procedure
comprising the steps of: constructing a structure of a house, that
integrates a main structure, settings up on a piece of land, and
lifting the main structure comprised of columns, joists, skids and
crosspieces, using the steel profile; and wherein union of joists
with different columns is done efficiently by means of joint
plates, and screws; wherein these joint plates are angular steel
lamina plates and screws are calculated and designed to support
loads generated by winds up to 250 miles per hour, choosing special
steel screws type Grade 5, wherein union of joists that intercross
is done by steel screws type Grade 5, and wherein the joist union
and columns do not intercross and are joined by terminal plates, in
comprised of a steel plate that is welded in the crosspieces
closings, leaving the whole structure united by steel screws grade
5, and forming a sole piece; covering the structure with steel
lamina, forming a fuselage of the house, a showier final effect,
then a hard wooden covering is made for the interior part, and the
internal walls of the rooms are covered with hard tongued and
grooved wood, standing out from the joint steel laminas with the
profile of a column, by means of welding or glue or with
self-threading screws meanwhile, the union of a steel lamina with
the profile of the skids is done by means of screws, or glue,
obtaining in such a way a fuselage of the structure, and obtaining
a sole body and at the same time a capacity to support the loads
and efforts of the wind; and setting closings of the structure,
that will be used to diminish and to divert currents of wind shock,
comprised of some curved pieces, that will be set in place where
edges of the crossings of the flat surfaces of the covering and
walls would be, so when wind flow crashes, wind deviates and at the
same time its speed is diminished.
Description
RELATED U.S. APPLICATIONS
[0001] Not applicable.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0002] Not applicable.
REFERENCE TO MICROFICHE APPENDIX
[0003] Not applicable.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0004] A novel procedure in constructing houses is presented with
the particular characteristic projected efficiently to support the
loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in the atmospheric
phenomenon denominated TORNADO.
[0005] Particularly, the construction of the structure or the
fuselage of the house uses a tightened metallic profile, the reason
for the request of the Mexican patent PA/a/2002/01170 with the name
of "Tightened Channeled Profile" the holder being the inventor of
the present invention, and of the use of construction methods in
tightening lamina covers.
[0006] The mechanical and structural characteristics of the houses
built using these steel profiles are superior to the traditional
system.
[0007] Therefore, the scope of the invention is subscribed to the
universe of the structural profiles used for metallic
constructions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0008] During the centuries, man used the materials around him to
multiply his physical capacities as well as to defend himself from
the devastating forces that accompany the natural phenomena.
[0009] One of these most destructive natural phenomena known
nowadays are the so-called tornados, caused by jet streams of air
of different densities and temperatures. At present there are many
places on earth where these phenomena develop and the American
Society Federal Emergency Management Agency has classified them in
four types according to the wind speed: Light when the speed does
not exceed 130 miles per hour, Medium up to 160 miles per hour,
(256 kilometers p/h), High up to 200 miles per hour (320 kilometers
p/h) and Extreme more than 250 miles per hour (400 kilometers
p/h).
[0010] The way to defend oneself from such a phenomenon is reaching
a refuge built for such a happening, such as the cellar of the
house, an underground construction in another place or a bunker.
With such a protection the physical integrity of the persons is
preserved, but not their houses and belongings.
[0011] It is necessary to take into consideration, besides those
already mentioned in the request, the circumstance that, for the
stability of this prototype house, it must be insured that the
suction generated by the high speed winds of the tornado, will be
in anyway equilibrated. That is to say, the foundation is not held
in the common way with the gravitational loads of the buildings. In
this case, the equilibrium is obtained with the construction's own
load, plus the foundation's load and with the earth from the
excavations. The foundation will be special to equilibrate the
suction generated by a TORNADO.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] A novel procedure in construction houses is presented with
the particular characteristic of being projected to support
efficiently the loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in
the atmospheric phenomenon denominated TORNADO.
[0013] The procedure steps can be summarized as follows: a first
step consists of constructing the structure of a prototype house,
formed by columns, joists, skids and crosspieces, using the above
mentioned profile, and where the joist joint with the different
columns, is made by means of joint plates and screws, type Grade 5.
Besides, the joist joint that intercross is made by screws and
where the joist joint and columns do not intercross, they are
united by terminal plates, consisting of a steel plate that is
welded in the joist closings, held the whole united by means of
screws.
[0014] A second step consists of the covering of the structure with
steel lamina, forming a fuselage of the house, a showier final
effect, then a covering in the interior with hard tongued and
grooved wood that integrates structurally to the fuselage of the
house, standing out from the steel laminas joint with the profile
of the column, by means of welding or glue or with self-threading
screws meanwhile, the union of a steel lamina with the profile of
the skids is done by means of self-threading screws, or glue.
[0015] A third step consists of setting the closings of the
structure, that will serve to diminish and divert the currents of
the wind shock, formed by some curved pieces, that will be set in
the place where the edge of the crossings of the flat surfaces of
the covering and walls would be.
[0016] Therefore, the range of the invention is subscribed to the
universe of the structural profiles used for metallic
constructions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] FIG. 1 is a perspective showing the transversal section of
the profile used in the construction of the structure of a
house;
[0018] FIG. 2, is a perspective of a section of the type of
structure of the house;
[0019] FIGS. 3 & 4, are perspectives showing the detail of the
union of joists with columns;
[0020] FIGS. 5 y 6, are perspectives showing the detail of the type
of the union of joists with the skids;
[0021] FIGS. 7 y 8, are perspectives showing the detail of the
union of the crosspieces with the columns;
[0022] FIG. 9, is a perspective showing the union of the lamina
with a column;
[0023] FIGS. 10 y 11, are perspectives showing the way to cover the
skids and crosspieces with a steel lamina;
[0024] FIG. 12, is a view of the closing moldings in the cross
between the covering and the external sidewalls;
[0025] FIG. 13, is a horizontal view of the molding that ends the
cross of two lateral lower walls;
[0026] FIG. 14, is a perspective of the molding that ends the
vertex formed in the union of two external walls and the
covering.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0027] In reference to the recounting of drawings and following the
same signals, the structure of the house comprises the use of a
profile which we will call MZ stiffened of high resistance, similar
to type Mon-Ten, also the patent claimer's invention, rolling the
lamina in cold and with the drawing formed by skates, a core and
some endings, being the core as well as the closings stiffened, in
order to obtain that all the section is an effective area and at
the same time, obtaining with those stiffenings, in a safe and
efficient way the fixation of the steel lamina that further on is
used, with which efficiently supports the loads and efforts
provoked by the wind at a high speed.
[0028] The construction procedure of this prototype house,
according to the architectural drawing, can vary; nevertheless,
three fundamental steps result.
[0029] A first step consists of constructing a structure of a
house, that integrates the main structure, as can be appreciated in
FIG. 2 to set it up on a piece of land.
[0030] That is to say that when there is the architectural drawing
of a house, the next step is the lifting of the structure formed by
columns 10, joists 20, skids 30 and crosspieces 40, using the above
mentioned profile and whose form is presented in FIG. 1.
[0031] The union of joists 20 with the different columns 10 is done
efficiently by means of union plate's 50 and screws. These union
plates 50, are flat steel lamina plates and the screws are
calculated and designed to support loads generated by winds up to
250 miles per hour, (400 km/hr) choosing special steel screws type
Grade 5.
[0032] The union of joists 20 and the skids 30 that intercross as
in FIGS. 5 & 6, are done by terminal plates 52 and by steel
screws grade 5.
[0033] The crosspieces 40 and the columns 10 are united by means of
terminal plates 52, consisting of a steel plate that is united by
means of welding in the crosspieces closings 40, leaving the whole
united by means of steel screws grade 5, as shown in FIGS. 7 &
8.
[0034] A second step consists of covering the structure with steel
lamina 60, forming a fuselage of the house. In order to obtain a
showier final effect, a hard wooden covering is made for the
interior part, and the internal walls of the rooms are covered with
hard tongued and grooved wood on both facings.
[0035] FIG. 9 shows a way of uniting steel laminas 60 with the
profile of the column 10, by means of welding or gluing or with
self-threading screws along the steel lamina 60.
[0036] FIGS. 10 & 11, show the union of a steel lamina 60 with
the profile of the skids 30 and the crosspieces 40 which can be
united by means of screws, or glue, or welding, obtaining in such a
way a fuselage of the structure, of a sole body and at the same
time a capacity to support the loads and efforts of the wind.
[0037] A third step consists of setting the closings or moldings 70
of the structure, that will be used to diminish and to divert the
currents of the wind shock, formed by a piece set up in each corner
of the joists 20 and columns 10, this piece with round edges so
when the wind flow crashes, the wind deviates and at the same time
its speed is diminished.
[0038] The Best Way to Carry Out The Invention
[0039] Once the architectural drawing is done, the next step is the
lifting of the structure or fuselage, formed by columns 10, joists
20, skids 30 and crosspieces 40, keeping the fixing of the drawing,
that can vary according to the architectural characteristics.
[0040] The results of the behavior of the profile of the present
invention compared to the profile type Mon-Ten can be summarized as
follows:
[0041] 20.0 cm profile (8 inches) caliber 10
[0042] Maximum working stress of the proposed profile 2109
Kg/cm.sup.2
[0043] Maximum working stress of the proposed profile Mon-Ten 1265
Kg/cm.sup.2
1 Resistance Efficiency Inertia moment Weight moment per kg Profile
S.sub.x (cm.sup.3) kg/m Kg/m Kg m/kg Proposed 92.188 11.93 1944 163
Mon-ten 79.15 10.37 1001 96.5
[0044] Connection between the behaviors of bother profiles:
163.times.100/96.5=169%
[0045] That is to say, the propose profile has an efficiency one
and half times more in relation to profile Mon-Ten.
[0046] 20.0 cm profile (8 inches) caliber 14
2 Inertia moment Weight Resistance Efficiency Profile S.sub.x
(cm.sup.3) kg/m moment kg m per kg Kg m/kg Proposed 49.569 6.75
1045 154.8 Mon-ten 45.23 5.79 572 98.8
[0047] Connection between the behaviors of both profiles:
154.8.times.100/98.8=157%
[0048] That is to say, the proposed profile has an efficiency one
and a half times more in relation to profile Mon-Ten.
* * * * *