U.S. patent application number 10/772347 was filed with the patent office on 2004-09-30 for absorption chiller-heater.
This patent application is currently assigned to YAZAKI CORPORATION. Invention is credited to Ishida, Kazuhide, Kodama, Mitsuru, Sugiyama, Takahide, Tajima, Mitsuaki.
Application Number | 20040187511 10/772347 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 32958012 |
Filed Date | 2004-09-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040187511 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Sugiyama, Takahide ; et
al. |
September 30, 2004 |
Absorption chiller-heater
Abstract
There is provided an absorption chiller-heater comprising an
exhaust gas flow path in which an exhaust gas flows; an exhaust gas
fired regenerator provided on the exhaust gas flow path so as to be
heated by the exhaust gas; a cooling medium solution passage
supplying a first solution of a cooling medium which is collected
by an absorber to the exhaust gas fired regenerator; and an exhaust
gas heat collector provided on the cooling medium solution passage
for carrying out heat exchange between the first solution and the
exhaust gas.
Inventors: |
Sugiyama, Takahide;
(Shizuoka, JP) ; Ishida, Kazuhide; (Shizuoka,
JP) ; Kodama, Mitsuru; (Shizuoka, JP) ;
Tajima, Mitsuaki; (Shizuoka, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SUGHRUE MION, PLLC
2100 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, N.W.
SUITE 800
WASHINGTON
DC
20037
US
|
Assignee: |
YAZAKI CORPORATION
|
Family ID: |
32958012 |
Appl. No.: |
10/772347 |
Filed: |
February 6, 2004 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
62/324.2 ;
62/238.3; 62/497 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y02P 80/15 20151101;
F25B 27/02 20130101; Y02A 30/274 20180101; F25B 2333/003 20130101;
Y02P 80/152 20151101; F25B 15/02 20130101; Y02B 30/625
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
062/324.2 ;
062/497; 062/238.3 |
International
Class: |
F25B 027/00; F25B
013/00; F25B 033/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 7, 2003 |
JP |
P2003-031410 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An absorption chiller-heater comprising: an exhaust gas flow
path in which an exhaust gas flows; an exhaust gas fired
regenerator provided on said exhaust gas flow path so as to be
heated by said exhaust gas; a cooling medium solution passage
supplying a first solution of a cooling medium which is collected
by an absorber to said exhaust gas fired regenerator; and an
exhaust gas heat collector provided on said cooling medium solution
passage for carrying out heat exchange between said first solution
and said exhaust gas.
2. An absorption chiller-heater according to claim 1, further
comprising: a low temperature heat exchanger provided on an
upstream side of said cooling medium solution passage with respect
to a flow of said first solution therein for carrying out heat
exchange between said first solution and a second of said cooling
medium; and a high temperature heat exchanger provided on a
downstream side of said diluted solution passage with respect to
said flow of said first solution therein for carrying out heat
exchange between said first solution and a third solution of said
cooling medium; wherein said exhaust gas heat collector is provided
on said cooling medium solution passage between the low temperature
heat exchanger and the high temperature heat exchanger.
3. The absorption chiller-heater according to claim 1, wherein said
exhaust gas fired regenerator and said exhaust gas heat collector
are integrated into a single unit.
4. The absorption chiller-heater according to claim 1, wherein a
first unit is integrally formed with a second regenerator, a
condenser, the absorber and an evaporator, and a second unit which
is integrally formed with the exhaust gas fired regenerator and the
exhaust gas heat collector is mounted on said first unit.
Description
[0001] The present application is based on Japanese Patent
Application No. 2003-31410, the entire contents of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to an absorption
chiller-heater, particularly relates to an absorption
chiller-heater having an exhaust gas fired regenerator constituting
a heat source by exhaust gas.
[0004] 2. Related Art
[0005] In an absorption chiller-heater having an exhaust gas fired
regenerator constituting a heat source by exhaust gas, in order to
promote a rate of recovering heat from exhaust gas, that is, an
efficiency of utilizing exhaust heat generated from an exhaust gas
source, it is proposed to provide two regenerators of an exhaust
gas fired high temperature regenerator and an exhaust gas fired low
temperature regenerator or an auxiliary regenerator for utilizing
heat of the exhaust gas (refer to, for example, JP-A-11-304274
(pages 3-4, FIG. 1), JP-A-2001-289529 (pages 3-4, FIG. 1),
JP-A-2002-162131 (pages 4-6, FIG. 1)). According to the absorption
chiller-heaters, in addition to the exhaust gas fired high
temperature regenerator, also at the exhaust gas fired low
temperature regenerator or the auxiliary regenerator, a solution of
a diluted solution or the like is heated by heat of exhaust gas to
thereby generate a cooling medium vapor and a concentrated solution
to thereby constitute a cycle generally referred to as single
double utilization.
[0006] Meanwhile, even with respect to an exhaust heat source
exhausting two modes of exhaust heat such as heat recovered by
exhaust gas and heat recovered by cooling water as in exhaust heat
of a gas engine, a diesel engine or the like, an absorbing type
refrigerating machine utilizing these modes of exhaust heat is
proposed (refer to, for example, JP-A-2000-46435 (pages 3-7, FIGS.
1, 2), JP-A-2001-183028 (page 6, FIG. 2)). JP-A-2000-46435 shows a
cycle of utilizing exhaust gas as a heat source of a high
temperature regenerator and recovering heat recovered by cooling
water by a diluted solution as sensible heat. JP-A-2001-183028
shows an absorbing type refrigerating machine of single double
utilization using exhaust gas as a heat source of a high
temperature regenerator and using heat recovered by cooling water
in a low temperature regenerator.
[0007] Meanwhile, according to the constitution of a single double
utilization cycle including the low temperature regenerator or the
auxiliary regenerator constituting the heat source by exhaust gas
from the exhaust heat source or cooling water recovering heat, when
an amount of exhaust heat provided to exhaust gas is changed, it is
difficult to maintain a cycle balance of a flow rate or a
concentration of the solution. Therefore, there is a case in which
the concentration of the solution is excessively concentrated to
bring about crystallization.
[0008] In contrast thereto, JP-A-2002-162131 proposes to construct
a constitution of a state of installing the exhaust gas fired high
temperature regenerator and the auxiliary regenerator in parallel
with each other to include two of the independent exhaust gas fired
regenerators both generating the concentrated solution and the
cooling medium vapor by heating the diluted solution. However, when
such a constitution is constructed, the constitution is complicated
such that a heat exchanger for carrying out heat exchange between
the concentrated solution and the diluted solution is further
installed or a number of pieces of pipes is increased. Meanwhile,
JP-A-2001-183028 proposes to install a controller for carrying out
a control for maintaining the cycle balance of the flow rate, the
concentration or the like of the solution, however, the control is
complicated. Such a complication of the constitution or the control
is not preferable since an increase in cost or the like is brought
about.
[0009] Further, JP-A-2000-46435 proposes to recover heat of cooling
water the temperature is elevated by cooling the heat source
machine by the diluted solution as sensible heat by carrying out
heat exchange between cooling water from the heat source machine
and the diluted solution coming out from the low temperature heat
exchanger and before going into the high temperature heat
exchanger. In this case, the heat of cooling water is recovered by
the diluted solution as sensible heat and therefore, temperature of
the diluted solution cannot be elevated to be equal to or higher
than the temperature of cooling water. That is, a difference
between inlet temperature of cooling water recovering heat and
temperature of the diluted solution after having been heated by the
concentrated solution at the low temperature heat exchanger is
comparatively small. For example, whereas outlet temperature of the
low temperature heat exchanger of the diluted solution is about
74.degree. C., the inlet temperature of cooling water is about
90.degree. C. and therefore, temperature of the diluted solution
can only be elevated from about 74.degree. C. to about 90.degree.
C. or lower at maximum. Therefore, even when a heat amount provided
by cooling water is sufficient, there is a limit in a heat amount
which can be recovered from cooling water to the diluted solution
and it is difficult to promote an efficiency of utilizing exhaust
heat generated from the exhaust heat source. Therefore,
JP-A-2000-46435 also proposes the single double utilization cycle
for guiding cooling water the temperature of which is elevated by
cooling the exhaust machine to the low temperature regenerator and
in this case, as described above, the complication of the
constitution or the control is brought about.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The invention is directed to promote an efficiency of
utilizing exhaust heat of an absorption chiller-heater while
restraining complication of constitution or control.
[0011] An absorption chiller-heater of the invention comprises: an
exhaust gas flow path in which an exhaust gas flows; an exhaust gas
fired regenerator provided on the exhaust gas flow path so as to be
heated by the exhaust gas; a cooling medium solution passage
supplying a first solution of a cooling medium which is collected
by an absorber to the exhaust gas fired regenerator; and an exhaust
gas heat collector provided on the cooling medium solution passage
for carrying out heat exchange between the first solution and the
exhaust gas.
[0012] Further the invention may further comprises: a low
temperature heat exchanger provided on an upstream side of the
cooling medium solution passage with respect to a flow of the first
solution therein for carrying out heat exchange between the first
solution and a second of the cooling medium; and
[0013] a high temperature heat exchanger provided on a downstream
side of the cooling medium solution passage with respect to the
flow of the first solution therein for carrying out heat exchange
between the first solution and a third solution of the cooling
medium; wherein the exhaust gas heat collector is provided on the
cooling medium solution passage between the low temperature heat
exchanger and the high temperature heat exchanger.
[0014] When such a constitution is constructed, heat exchange is
carried out between the exhaust gas and the first solution of the
cooling medium and therefore, the exhaust gas maintains a
comparatively high temperature even after the exhaust gas is made
to flow to the exhaust gas fired regenerator and therefore, a
temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the first
solution coming out from the low temperature heat exchanger is
comparatively large. Therefore, a heat amount capable of recovering
from the exhaust gas by the first solution is increased even when
the heat is sensible heat and the efficiency of utilizing exhaust
heat generated from an exhaust heat source can be promoted.
Meanwhile, only the heat exchanger for carrying out heat exchange
between the exhaust gas and the first solution by the sensible heat
is provided at the flow path of the exhaust gas, further, it is not
necessary to carry out a control for maintaining a cycle balance of
a flow rate, a concentration or the like of the solution.
Therefore, increase of complexity of the constitution and the
control can be restrained. Therefore, the efficiency of utilizing
the exhaust heat can be promoted while restraining complexity of
the constitution and control.
[0015] Further, when there is constructed a constitution in which
the exhaust gas fired regenerator and the exhaust gas heat
collector are formed as an integral unit is constructed,
complication of the constitution can be further be restrained.
[0016] Further, there is constructed a constitution in which an
inlet of the cooling medium solution flow path formed at inside of
the exhaust gas heat collector for making the first solution flow
is provided on a downstream side of the exhaust gas flow path for
making the exhaust gas flow with respect to flow of the exhaust gas
and an outlet of the cooling medium solution flow path is provided
on an upstream side of the exhaust gas flow path with respect to
the flow of the exhaust gas. When such a constitution is
constructed, the heat recovering rate of the exhaust gas heat
collector can be promoted and the efficiency of utilizing the
exhaust heat can further be promoted.
[0017] Further, there is constructed a constitution including a
plurality of heat transfer pipes in a shape of a straight pipe
arranged with cooling medium solution flow paths for making the
first solution of the exhaust gas heat collector flow in parallel
and in which the heat transfer pipes are arranged in a lateral
direction. When such a constitution is constructed, the
constitution of the exhaust gas heat collector for recovering heat
by sensible heat can be simplified and the coat can be reduced.
[0018] Further, there is constructed a constitution in which a
second unit integrally formed with the exhaust gas fired
regenerator and the exhaust gas heat collector is mounted above a
first unit integrally formed with the low temperature regenerator,
a condenser, the absorber and an evaporator. When such a
constitution is constructed, the first unit is difficult to receive
heat generated by the second unit having the exhaust gas fired
regenerator and the exhaust gas heat collector and a factor of
malfunction can be reduced.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline constitution of a
first embodiment of an absorption chiller-heater constituted by
applying the invention;
[0020] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a modified example of the first
embodiment;
[0021] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline constitution of a
second embodiment of an absorption chiller-heater constituted by
applying the invention;
[0022] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate sectional views showing an
outline constitution of a unit comprising an exhaust gas fired
regenerator and an exhaust gas heat collector installed at the
absorption chiller-heater of the second embodiment, FIG. 4A is a
plan view and FIG. 4B is a front view;
[0023] FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an outlook of the
second embodiment of the absorption chiller-heater constituted by
applying the invention;
[0024] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an absorption chiller-heater of
a series flow type as a modified example of the second embodiment;
and
[0025] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an absorption chiller-heater of
a parallel flow type as a modified example of the second
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
First Embodiment
[0026] An explanation will be given of a first embodiment of an
absorption chiller-heater constituted by applying the invention in
reference to FIG. 1 as follows. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an
outline constitution of an absorption chiller-heater constituted by
applying the invention.
[0027] As shown by FIG. 1, the absorption chiller-heater of the
embodiment is constituted by an exhaust gas fired regenerator 1, a
low temperature regenerator 3, a condenser 5, an evaporator 7, an
absorber 9 and the like. The exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 is for
carrying out heat exchange between supplied diluted solution (first
solution of the invention) of cooling medium and exhaust gas from
external machine generating exhaust gas by combustion so at to
generate cooling medium vapor and concentrated solutions (second
and third solutions of the invention) by heating the diluted
solution by heat provided to exhaust gas. Such an exhaust gas fired
regenerator 1 is installed on a lower side or in a side direction
of a unit 11 comprising the low temperature regenerator 3, the
condenser 5, the evaporator 7 and the absorber 9 or the like.
[0028] The exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 is connected with an
introducing duct 13 constituting a flow path for guiding exhaust
gas from the external machine or the like for generating exhaust
gas by combustion to a flow path of exhaust gas at inside of the
exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 and an exhaust duct 15 constituting
a flow path for exhausting exhaust gas from the flow path of
exhaust gas at inside of the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1. The
introducing duct 13 and the exhaust duct 15 are connected by a
bypass duct 17 constituting a bypass flow path branched from the
introducing duct 13 and merging the exhaust duct 15. A branch
portion of the introducing duct 13 and the bypass duct 17 is
provided with flow path switching device 19 for switching flow of
exhaust gas to the introducing duct 13 and the bypass duct 17. A
portion of the exhaust duct 1 on an upstream side of a merging
portion 21 of the bypass duct 17 and the exhaust duct 15 with
respect to flow of exhaust gas is provided with cut-off device 23
including a damper or the like for cutting off flow of exhaust gas
at inside of the exhaust duct 15. In this way, the introducing duct
13 and the exhaust duct 15 form an exhaust gas flow path for making
exhaust gas flow to the exhaust gas fired regenerator.
[0029] Such an exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 is connected with a
diluted solution passage (cooling medium solution passage) 25 for
guiding a diluted solution (first solution) generated by absorbing
a cooling medium vapor by a concentrated solution (third solution)
at the absorber 9 to a flow path of the diluted solution at inside
of the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1. An outlet portion from the
absorber 9 of the diluted solution passage 25 is provided with a
pump 27 for delivering the diluted solution. An upper portion of
the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 is connected with one end of a
solution lifting passage 29 in which the cooling medium vapor and
the concentrated solution generated at inside of the exhaust gas
fired regenerator 1 flows and other end of the solution passage 29
is connected to a gas-liquid separator 31 for separating the
cooling medium vapor and the concentrated solution.
[0030] Inside of the low temperature regenerator 3 is installed
with a heat exchange flow path 3a communicated with inside of the
gas-liquid separator 31 for making the cooing medium vapor
separated at inside of the gas-liquid separator 31 flow. The heat
exchange flow path 3a is connected with a cooling medium vapor
passage 33 for guiding the cooling medium vapor flowing at inside
of the heat exchange flow path 3a heated by the low temperature
regenerator 3 to the condenser 5. Further, the low temperature
regenerator 3 is connected with other end of a middle concentration
solution passage 35 one end of which is connected to a bottom
portion of the gas-liquid separator 31. Further, the low
temperature regenerator 3 is connected with one end of a
concentrated solution passage 37 for constituting a concentrated
solution by heating a middle concentration solution (second
solution) which flows from the middle concentration solution
passage 35 by heat of the cooling medium vapor flowing at inside of
the heat exchange flow path 3a and thereafter delivering the
concentrated solution to the absorber 9. Other end of the
concentrated solution passage 37 is connected to the absorber
9.
[0031] Inside of the condenser 5 is provided with a heat exchange
flow path 5a forming a portion of a flow path of cooling water by
being connected to a cooling water passage 39 in which cooling
water flows. A bottom portion of the condenser 5 is connected with
one end of a cooling medium passage 41 in which a cooling medium
solution constituted by condensing to liquefy the cooling medium
vapor. Other end of the cooling medium solution passage 41 is
connected to a cooling medium scattering portion, not illustrated,
provided at inside of the evaporator 7. Inside of the evaporator 7
is connected with a heat exchange flow path 7a connected with a
cooled water passage 43 in which a cooling medium for an indoor
unit cooled or heated at inside of the evaporator 7 and delivered
to an indoor unit or the like for air conditioning, for example,
water flows and forming a portion of a flow path of water
constituting the cooling medium for the indoor unit and the cooling
medium scattering portion, not illustrated, scatters the cooling
medium to the heat exchange flow path 7a.
[0032] The absorber 9 is actually connected with the evaporator 7,
although not illustrated in FIG. 1, and is constituted such that
the cooling medium vapor generated at the evaporator 7 can flow
into the absorber 9. Inside of the absorber 9 is provided with a
heat exchange flow path 9a connected with a cooling water passage
39 and forming a portion of a flow path of cooling water. Further,
inside of the absorber 9 is provided with a concentrated solution
scattering portion, not illustrated, or the like connected with the
concentrated solution passage 37 for scattering the concentrated
solution to the heat exchange flow path 9a. A bottom portion of the
absorber 9 is connected with one end of the diluted solution
passage 25 for delivering the diluted solution generated by
absorbing the cooling medium vapor generated at the evaporator 7 by
the concentrated solution to the exhaust gas fired regenerator
1.
[0033] The middle concentration solution passage 35 is merged with
a branch passage 45 branched from the diluted solution passage 25.
Further, a portion of the middle concentration solution passage 35
between the gas-liquid separator 31 and a portion thereof merged
with the branch passage 45 is provided with a high temperature heat
exchanger 47 for carrying out heat exchange between the diluted
solution flowing in the diluted solution passage 25 and a middle
concentration solution (third solution) flowing in the middle
concentration solution passage 35. Further, the high temperature
heat exchange 47 is provided at a portion of the diluted solution
passage 25 on a downstream side of the portion branched with the
branch passage 45 with respect to flow of the diluted solution. A
portion of the diluted solution passage 25 on the downstream side
of the pump 27 and on the upstream side of the portion branched
with the branch passage 45 is provided with a low temperature heat
exchanger 49 for carrying out heat exchange between the diluted
solution flowing in the diluted solution passage 25 and the
concentrated solution flowing in the concentrated solution passage
37. Further, the cooling water passage 39 is arranged such that
cooling water is circulated from the absorber 9 to a cooling tower,
not illustrated, by passing the condenser 5.
[0034] Although the constitution explained up to this point is the
same as a publicly-known absorption chiller-heater of a bypass flow
type having an exhaust gas fired regenerator and in which a portion
of a diluted solution flowing in a diluted solution passage is
mixed with a concentrated solution flowing in a middle
concentration solution passage by a branch passage to deliver to a
low temperature regenerator, the absorption chiller-heater of the
embodiment is provided with an exhaust gas heat collector 51 for
recovering heat of exhaust gas to the diluted solution by carrying
out heat exchange between exhaust gas and diluted solution at the
exhaust duct 15 in which exhaust gas flows.
[0035] That is, the exhaust gas heat collector 51 includes a heat
exchange flow path 51a in which exhaust gas flows and a heat
exchange flow path 51b in which the diluted solution flows.
Further, the exhaust gas heat collector 51 is provided on the
downstream side of the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 of the
exhaust gas flow path with respect to flow of exhaust gas, that is,
the exhaust duct 15. A portion of the exhaust duct 15 for guiding
exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 to
the exhaust gas heat collector 51 and a portion of the exhaust duct
15 for exhausting exhaust gas from the exhaust gas heat collector
51 are respectively connected to the heat exchange flow path 51a in
which exhaust gas of the exhaust gas heat collector 51 flows. The
diluted solution passage 25 is connected to the heat exchange flow
path 51b which is a portion between the low temperature heat
exchanger 49 and the high temperature heat exchanger 47 of the
diluted solution passage 25 and in which the diluted solution of
the exhaust gas heat collector 51 flows.
[0036] An explanation will be given of operation related to the
exhaust gas heat collector 51 of the absorption chiller-heater
having such a constitution and a characterizing portion of the
invention. The diluted solution generated by absorbing the cooling
medium vapor by the concentrated solution by the absorber 9 of the
absorption chiller-heater flows into the diluted solution passage
25 by driving the pump 27, firstly carries out heat exchange with
the concentrated solution generated by the low temperature
regenerator 3 at the low temperature heat exchanger 49 to thereby
elevate temperature thereof to, for example, about 74.degree. C.
Next, the diluted solution the temperature of which is elevated by
the low temperature heat exchanger 49 carries out heat exchange
with exhaust gas the heat of which is recovered by the exhaust heat
fired regenerator 1 to lower temperature thereof at the exhaust gas
heat collector 51.
[0037] Here, when external machine generating exhaust gas is, for
example, micro gas turbine or the like, temperature of the exhaust
gas becomes about 250.degree. C. through 300.degree. C. Further,
the temperature of exhaust gas at about 200.degree. C. through
300.degree. C. is lowered to about 170.degree. C. through
180.degree. C. by heating the diluted solution by carrying out heat
exchange with the diluted solution at inside of the exhaust gas
fired regenerating 1. The exhaust gas at temperature of about 17020
C. through 180.degree. C. flows into the exhaust gas heat collector
51. Therefore, at the exhaust gas heat collector 51, heat exchange
is carried out by sensible heat between exhaust gas temperature of,
for example, about 170.degree. C. through 180.degree. C. and the
diluted solution at about 74.degree. C. and temperature of the
diluted solution is elevated up to about 120.degree. C. Meanwhile,
temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered to about 110.degree. C.
through 120.degree. C. at the exhaust gas heat collector 51 and the
exhaust gas is exhausted to outside via the exhaust duct 15.
[0038] Finally, the diluted solution the temperature of which is
elevated to, for example, about 120.degree. C. at the exhaust gas
heat collector 51 carries out heat exchange with the concentrated
solution generated by the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 at the
high temperature heat exchanger 47, temperature of which is
elevated to 140.degree. C. or higher and the diluted solution is
delivered to the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1. At the exhaust
gas fired regenerator 1, the diluted solution the temperature of
which is elevated to 140.degree. C. or higher is heated by heat
input from exhaust gas, the cooling medium in the diluted solution
is boiled and evaporated to thereby generate the cooling medium
vapor and the concentrated solution.
[0039] In this way, according to the absorption chiller-heater of
the embodiment, heat exchange is carried out between exhaust gas
coming from the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 and the diluted
solution coming out from the low temperature heat exchanger at the
exhaust heat collector 51 and a difference of temperatures of
exhaust gas coming out from the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 and
the diluted solution coming out from the low temperature heat
exchanger is comparatively large. Therefore, even in the case of
sensible heat, a heat amount which can be recovered from the
exhaust gas to the diluted solution is increased and the efficiency
of utilizing exhaust heat generated from the exhaust heat source
can be promoted. Meanwhile, in changing the constitution of the
absorption chiller-heater, the exhaust duct 15 is only provided
with the exhaust gas heat collector 51 for carrying out heat
exchange between exhaust gas and the diluted solution as sensible
heat and only the diluted solution passage 25 is extended to
connect to the exhaust gas heat collector 51 provided at the
exhaust duct 15. Further, with respect to the control, it is not
necessary to carry out the control for maintaining the cycle
balance of the flow rate, the concentration or the like of the
solution and the control hardly needs to change. Therefore, the
efficiency of utilizing exhaust heat can be promoted while
restraining complication of the constitution or the control.
[0040] Further, the energy conservation performance can further be
promoted by enabling to promote the efficiency of utilizing exhaust
heat. In addition thereto, an increase in cost can be restrained
since complication of the constitution or the control is
restrained. Further, since temperature of the diluted solution
flowing into the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 can be elevated,
COP or cooling output can be promoted. In addition thereto, the
exhaust gas heat collector 51 is for recovering sensible heat and
is not accompanied by boiling as in the regenerator and therefore,
the structure can be simplified in comparison with that of the
regenerator, further, when a heat transfer pipe or the like is
used, there is no restriction on a state of arranging the heat
transfer pipe.
[0041] Further, according to the embodiment, the absorption
chiller-heater having only the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 is
exemplified. However, there can also be constructed a constitution
of including a directly-fired regenerator constituting a heat
source by combustion heat of a burner in addition to the exhaust
gas fired regenerator 1 such that the absorption chiller-heater can
be operated in correspondence with a load of an air conditioning
load or the like when the heat amount of exhaust gas is deficient
or is not provided.
[0042] For example, as shown by FIG. 2, it is also possible to
construct a constitution of providing a directly-fired regenerator
53 in series with the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 on the lower
side of the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 with respect to flow of
the cooling medium vapor and the solution to the gas-liquid
separator 31. In this case, the solution lifting passage 29 is
connected to the directly-fired regenerator 53. Further, the
exhaust gas heat collector 51 is provided on the downstream side of
the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 in the exhaust gas flow path
with respect to flow of exhaust gas, that is, at the exhaust duct
15. The portion of the exhaust duct 15 for guiding the exhaust gas
exhausted from the exhaust gas fired regenerator 1 to the exhaust
gas heat collector 51 and the portion of the exhaust duct 15 for
exhausting the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas heat collector 51
are respectively connected to the heat exchange flow path 51a in
which exhaust gas of the exhaust gas heat collector 51 flows. The
diluted solution passage 25 is connected to the heat exchange flow
path 51b which is a portion of the diluted solution passage 25
between the low temperature heat exchanger 49 and the high
temperature heat exchanger 47 and in which the diluted solution of
the exhaust gas heat collector 51 flows similar to the embodiment.
Further, the other constitution is the same as that of the
embodiment and therefore, the other constitution is attached with
the same notation and an explanation thereof will be omitted.
Second Embodiment
[0043] An explanation will be given of a second embodiment of an
absorption chiller-heater constituted by applying the invention in
reference to FIG. 3 through FIG. 5 as follows. FIG. 3 is a diagram
showing an outline constitution of an absorption chiller-heater
constituted by applying the invention. FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate
sectional views showing an outline constitution of a unit
comprising an exhaust gas fired regenerator and an exhaust gas heat
gas collector installed to the absorption chiller-heater
constituted by applying the invention, FIG. 4A is a plan view and
FIG. 4B is a front view. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an
outlook of the absorption chiller-heater constituted by applying
the invention. Further, according to the embodiment, a constitution
or the like the same as that of the first embodiment is attached
with the same notation, an explanation thereof will be omitted and
an explanation will be given of a constitution, a characterizing
portion and the like which differ from those of the first
embodiment.
[0044] A point that the absorption chiller-heater of the embodiment
differs from the first embodiment resides in that a single unit is
constituted by integrally forming an exhaust gas fired regenerator
and an exhaust gas heat collector and the unit comprising the
exhaust gas fired regenerator, the exhaust gas heat collector and
the like is mounted above a unit comprising a low temperature
regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber and the
like. That is, according to an absorption chiller-heater of the
embodiment, as shown by FIG. 3, a second unit 59 integrally
unitizing an exhaust gas fired regenerator 55 and an exhaust gas
heat collector 57 is mounted above the first unit 11 comprising the
low temperature regenerator 3, the condenser 5, the evaporator 7,
the absorber 9 and the like. The second unit 59 is brought into a
state of connecting the introducing duct 13 to the exhaust gas
fired regenerator 55 and connecting the exhaust duct 15 to the
exhaust gas heat collector 57.
[0045] Further, the embodiment is provided with the directly-fired
regenerator 61 constituting a heat source by combustion heat of a
burner such that the absorption chiller-heater can be operated in
correspondence with a load of an air conditioning load or the like
when a heat amount of exhaust gas is deficient or is not provided.
The diluted solution passage 25 is connected to the exhaust gas
fired regenerator 55 of the second unit 59. A solution passage 63
for guiding a solution at inside of the exhaust gas fired
regenerator 55 to the directly-fired regenerator 61 is provided
between the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55 and the directly-fired
regenerator 61. Further, the cooling medium vapor passage 65 for
guiding the cooling medium vapor generated at inside of the exhaust
gas fired regenerator 55 into the gas-liquid separator 31 is
provided between the exhaust fired regenerator 55 and the
gas-liquid separator 31.
[0046] An explanation will be given here of the structure of the
second unit 59 integrally unitizing the exhaust gas fired
regenerator 55 and exhaust gas heat collector 57. As shown by FIGS.
4A and 4B, the second unit 59 is formed by a cabinet 59a having a
hollow inner portion, connecting portions 59b, 59c provided at both
ends of the cabinet 59a, an upper side header chamber 55a and a
lower side header chamber 55b each formed in a jacket shape
constituting the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55, a heat transfer
tube 55c constituting the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55, a heat
transfer pipe 57a constituting the exhaust gas heat collector 57
and the like. The cabinet 59a is constituted by a shape of
respectively providing the connecting portions 59b, 59c at both end
portions of a parallelepiped flatly extended in one direction via
portions in a taper shape widths of which between side faces are
reduced successively toward ends of the both end portions. A space
at inside of the cabinet 59a constitutes a flow path 59d of exhaust
gas flowing therein from either of the connecting portions 59b, 59c
and flowing out from other thereof. Further, the second unit 59 is
installed by constituting an upper face and a lower face thereof by
faces of the cabinet 59a having wide widths and constituting two
side faces by faces having narrow widths.
[0047] The exhaust gas fired regenerator 55 is formed at about a
half portion of the cabinet 59a on the side of the connecting
portion 59b. The upper side header chamber 55a and the lower side
header chamber 55b are formed in the jacket shape respectively on
the upper face side and the lower face side of the portion of the
cabinet 59a. The upper side header chamber 55a and the lower side
header chamber 55b are provided in parallel between the upper face
and the lower face of the cabinet 59a and communicated with each
other by a plurality of the heat transfer pipes 55c inserted in an
up and down direction at the flow path 59d at inside of the cabinet
59a. The heat transfer pipe 55c is a heat transfer pipe of a
so-to-speak fin tube type in a shape of a straight pipe provided
with a plurality of heat transfer fins 55d in a circular disk shape
at an outer surface thereof.
[0048] The exhaust gas heat collector 57 is formed at about a half
portion of the cabinet 59a on the side of the connecting portion
59c. A plurality of the heat transfer pipes 57a inserted in a
lateral direction of the flow path 59d at inside of the cabinet 59a
are arranged in parallel between side faces of the portion of the
cabinet 59a opposed to each other. Both end portions of the heat
transfer pipe 57a are projected to outer sides from the side faces
of the cabinet 59a opposed to each other and end portions of
contiguous ones of the heat transfer pipes 57a are connected by
connecting pipes 57b formed in a semicircular arc shape except an
end portion of the heat transfer pipe 57a connected with the
diluted solution passage 25 to thereby form a meandering flow path
of the diluted solution. The heat transfer pipe 57a is also a heat
transfer pipe of a so-to-speak fin tube type in a shape of a
straight pipe provided with a plurality of heat transfer fins 57c
in a circular disk shape at a surface thereof.
[0049] End portions of the connecting portions 59b, 59c are
respectively formed with flange portions 59e, 59f in a flange shape
and either of the introducing duct 13 and the exhaust duct 15 is
connected by the flange portion 59e, 59f. According to the
embodiment, the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55 is disposed on the
upstream side with respect to flow of exhaust gas, the exhaust gas
heat collector 57 is disposed on the downstream side and therefore,
the connecting portion 59b on the side of the exhaust gas fired
regenerator 55 is connected with the introducing duct 13 and the
connecting portion 59c on the side of the exhaust gas heat
collector 57 is connect with the exhaust duct 15, respectively.
[0050] When the second unit 59 is connected with the exhaust gas
fired regenerator 55 on the upstream side and connected with the
exhaust gas heat collector 57 on the downstream side in this way, a
connecting port portion, not illustrated, provided on the
downstream side with respect to flow of exhaust gas at inside of
the cabinet 29a of the lower side header chamber 55b of the exhaust
gas fired regenerator 55 is connected with one end of the diluted
solution passage 25 and a connecting port portion, not illustrated,
provided on the upstream side of the lower header chamber 55b is
connected with one end of the solution passage 63, respectively.
Further, a connecting end portion of the heat transfer pipe 57a
disposed on the downstream side with respect to flow of exhaust gas
at inside of the cabinet 59a of the exhaust gas heat collector 57
is connected with the diluted solution passage 25 from the low
temperature heat exchanger 49 and a connecting end portion of the
heat transfer pipe 57a disposed on the upstream side is connected
with the diluted solution passage 25 to the high temperature heat
exchanger 47, respectively. Further, the upper side head chamber
55a of the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55 is connected with the
cooling medium vapor passage 65 for guiding the cooling medium
vapor at inside of the upper side header chamber 55a to the
gas-liquid separator 31.
[0051] By connecting the respective passages 25, 63 and the like in
this way, at the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55, the diluted
solution is brought in from the downstream side with respect to
flow of exhaust gas at inside of the cabinet 59a to the lower side
header chamber 55b and the concentrated solution is brought out to
the lower side head chamber 25b from the upstream side. Further, at
the exhaust gas heat collector 57, the diluted solution is brought
in the heat transfer pipe 57a disposed on the downstream side with
respect to flow of exhaust gas at inside of the cabinet 59a and the
diluted solution is brought out from the heat transfer pipe 57a
disposed on the upstream side. That is, at the exhaust gas heat
collector 57, the diluted solution is brought in from the
downstream side with respect to flow of exhaust gas at inside of
the cabinet 59a in the flow path of the diluted solution formed by
the heat transfer pipe 57a and the connecting pipe 57b and the
diluted solution is brought out from the upstream side. Thereby,
the heat exchange efficiency is promoted and the rate of recovering
heat from exhaust gas is promoted.
[0052] According to the absorption chiller-heater of the embodiment
mounting the second unit 59 above the first unit, as shown by FIG.
5, an outlook thereof is constituted by a single quadrangular
pillar shape by a panel 67 disposed on the lower side for covering
the second unit 11 and a panel 69 covering the first unit 59. The
panel 67 covering the second unit 11 and the panel 69 covering the
first unit 59 are attached to a frame comprising rod-like steel
members integrated in the quadrangular pillar shape surrounding the
second unit 11 and the first unit 59. Each of the panels 67
covering the second unit 11 is formed with a louver 71 constituting
a vent proximately to the upper side. Further, the upper side of
the second unit 59 is installed with a ceiling panel although not
illustrated in FIG. 5.
[0053] In this way, even in the case of the absorption
chiller-heater of the embodiment, an effect the same as that of the
first embodiment can be achieved. Further, according to the
absorption chiller-heater of the embodiment, there is constituted
the second unit 59 integrally formed with the exhaust gas fired
regenerator 55 and the exhaust gas heat collector 57 by making the
flow path of exhaust gas common and therefore, an increase in cost
by providing the exhaust gas heat collector 57 can be restrained,
further, in comparison with a case of providing a single one of the
exhaust heat collector, the exhaust gas heat collector can be
downsized. In addition thereto, when the exhaust gas heat collector
is provided, the second unit 59 is installed at the flow path of
exhaust gas and only the diluted solution passage 25 is extended to
the portion of the exhaust gas heat collector 57 of the second unit
59 and therefore, complication of the constitution can further be
restrained.
[0054] Further, the inlet of the diluted solution flow path formed
by the heat transfer pipe 57a and the connecting pipe 57b formed at
the exhaust gas heat collector 57 for making the diluted solution
flow is provided on the downstream side with respect to exhaust gas
in the flow path 59d of exhaust gas at inside of the cabinet 59a
and the outlet of the diluted solution flow path is provided on the
upstream side. Therefore, the heat recovering rate at the exhaust
heat collector 57 can be promoted and the efficiency of utilizing
exhaust heat can further be promoted.
[0055] Further, there are provided a plurality of heat transfer
pipe 57a in the shape of the straight pipe arranged with the
diluted solution flow paths for making the diluted solution flow of
the exhaust gas heat collector 57 in parallel and the heat transfer
pipes 57a are arranged in the lateral direction at inside of the
exhaust gas heat collector 57. Therefore, by enabling to
simplifying the constitution of the exhaust gas heat collector for
recovering heat by sensible heat, the cost can further be reduced.
Further, there is a degree of freedom in a length, a number of
stages or a number of rows of the heat transfer pipes and
therefore, the height can be adjusted in accordance with an
installation space and a restriction on the site of installation
can be reduced. Further, since the height of the portion of the
exhaust gas heat collector 57 can be lowered, the machine can be
downsized. In addition thereto, when there are provided the
plurality of heat transfer pipes 57a in the shape of the straight
pipe arranged with the diluted solution flow paths for making the
diluted solution flow of the exhaust gas heat collector 57 in
parallel, by prolonging the length of the heat transfer pipe 57a, a
number of pieces of installing the heat transfer pipes can be
reduced and the cost can be restrained.
[0056] Further, since the second unit 59 is mounted above the first
unit 11, heat irradiated from the exhaust gas fired regenerator 55
and the exhaust gas heat collector 57 of the second unit 59 is
escaped to the upper side or in the side direction of the second
unit 59. Therefore, heat irradiated from the second unit 59 is
difficult to influence on the first unit 11. Therefore, rise in
temperature at inside of the first unit 11 by influence of heat
irradiated from the second unit 59 is difficult to be brought
about, reliability of parts at inside of the first unit can be
promoted and factors of malfunction can be reduced. In addition
thereto, even when the second unit 59 is provided, an installation
area thereof remains unchanged from that of the case of only the
first unit 11 and the installation area can be restrained from
being increased and therefore, the restriction on the site of
installation can be reduced.
[0057] Further, although according to the embodiment, the
constitution of the absorption chiller-heater of the bypass flow
type is shown as an example, the invention is not limited to the
bypass flow type but is applicable to absorption chiller-heaters of
a series flow type and parallel flow type.
[0058] For example, according to an absorption chiller-heater of a
series flow type, as shown by FIG. 6, although the constitution is
substantially the same as the constitution of the absorption
chiller-heater of the bypass water according to the embodiment, the
constitution differs in that there is not provided the branch
passage 45 branched from the diluted solution passage 25 and merged
to the middle concentration solution passage 35. Further, the
constitution and the position of installing the second unit 59, the
position of connecting the diluted solution passage 25 to the
exhaust gas heat collector 57 and the like are the same as those of
the embodiment.
[0059] Meanwhile, according to an absorption chiller-heater of a
parallel flow type, as shown by FIG. 7, other than the gas-liquid
separator 31, a sub gas-liquid separator 73 is provided. Further,
in place of the middle concentration passage 35 of the embodiment,
a first concentrated solution passage 75 for guiding the
concentrated solution separated at the gas-liquid separator 31 to
the sub gas-liquid separator 73 is provided between the gas-liquid
separator 31 and the sub gas-liquid separator 73. The first
concentrated solution passage 75 is provided with the high
temperature heat exchanger 47. The sub gas-liquid separator 73 is
connected with one end of a second concentrated solution passage 77
for guiding the concentrated solution provided by further
separating gas and liquid by the sub gas-liquid separator 73 to the
absorber 9. Other end of the second concentrated solution passage
77 is connected to the absorber 9. The low temperature heat
exchanger 49 is provided to the second concentrated solution
passage 77. Further, the sub gas-liquid separator 73 is connected
with one end of a sub cooling medium vapor passage 79 for guiding
cooling medium vapor provided by further separating gas and liquid
by the sub gas-liquid separator 73 to the condenser 5. Other end of
the sub cooling medium vapor passage 79 is connected to the
condenser 5.
[0060] A portion of the diluted solution passage 25 between the low
temperature heat exchanger 49 and the exhaust gas heat collector 57
is connected with one end of a branch passage 81 branched from the
diluted solution passage 25. Other end of the branch passage 81 is
connected to the low temperature regenerator 3. A solution passage
83 merged to the second concentrated solution passage 77 is
provided between the low temperature regenerator 3 and the second
concentrated solution passage 77. The diluted solution flowing from
the branch passage 81 to the low temperature regenerator 3 is
heated and concentrated by heat of cooling medium vapor, flows to
the second concentrated solution passage 77 via the solution
passage 83, mixed with the concentrated solution from the
concentrated solution from the sub gas-liquid separator 73 and is
delivered to the absorber 9. The other constitution is the same as
the constitution of the absorption chiller-heater according to the
embodiment.
[0061] Further, although according to the first and the second
embodiments, water is exemplified as cooling medium for an indoor
unit, various media can be used as media for the indoor unit.
[0062] Further, the invention is not limited to the absorption
chiller-heater having the first and the second constitutions
exemplified here and modified examples of these but is applicable
to absorption chiller-heaters of various constitutions having
exhaust gas fired regenerators.
[0063] The exhaust gas is not limited to a wasted gas exhausted
from external machines. Various kind of heated fluids may be
utilized for heating the exhaust gas fired regenerator of the
invention.
[0064] According to the invention, the efficiency of utilizing
exhaust heat can be promoted while restraining complication of the
constitution and the control.
* * * * *