U.S. patent application number 10/776420 was filed with the patent office on 2004-08-26 for cleansing compositions.
Invention is credited to Kaminski, Claudia, Lukenbach, Elvin R., Pascal-Suisse, Sandrine, Tahar, Maurice.
Application Number | 20040167046 10/776420 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 24419645 |
Filed Date | 2004-08-26 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040167046 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lukenbach, Elvin R. ; et
al. |
August 26, 2004 |
Cleansing compositions
Abstract
Cleansing compositions suitable for use in personal cleansing
applications, and in particular make-up removal applications, which
not only impart superior cleansing properties, but also which are
relatively non-irritating and thus suitable for use by people
having sensitive skin and eyes comprised of esters, liquid
silicones, and a water dispersible components. Also disclosed are
compositions for effectively depositing various benefit agents into
and onto the skin.
Inventors: |
Lukenbach, Elvin R.;
(Flemington, NJ) ; Kaminski, Claudia; (Milford,
NJ) ; Pascal-Suisse, Sandrine; (Rouen, FR) ;
Tahar, Maurice; (Vernon, FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
PHILIP S. JOHNSON
JOHNSON & JOHNSON
ONE JOHNSON & JOHNSON PLAZA
NEW BRUNSWICK
NJ
08933-7003
US
|
Family ID: |
24419645 |
Appl. No.: |
10/776420 |
Filed: |
February 11, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10776420 |
Feb 11, 2004 |
|
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09604449 |
Jun 27, 2000 |
|
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60141927 |
Jul 1, 1999 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
510/135 ;
510/505; 510/506 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/8164 20130101;
A61K 8/731 20130101; A61K 8/894 20130101; C11D 3/0094 20130101;
C11D 3/2048 20130101; A61Q 19/005 20130101; C11D 3/2093 20130101;
A61K 8/8152 20130101; A61Q 1/14 20130101; C11D 3/3765 20130101;
A61K 8/0208 20130101; C11D 3/3707 20130101; A61K 8/585 20130101;
A45D 2200/1063 20130101; A61K 8/8158 20130101; A61Q 19/10 20130101;
C11D 3/373 20130101; A61K 8/892 20130101; A61K 8/37 20130101; A61K
8/60 20130101; A61K 8/891 20130101; A61K 8/345 20130101; A61K 8/86
20130101; A61K 8/375 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61K 8/671
20130101; A61K 8/49 20130101; A61Q 19/008 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
510/135 ;
510/505; 510/506 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/50 |
Claims
We claim:
1. A foaming composition comprising: a. a water dispersible
component; b. an ester; c. water; and a d. foaming surfactant.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the foaming surfactant has a
column height of greater than about 20 mm as determined by the
Miles-Ross Test and is selected from the group consisting of
non-ionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric
surfactants, anionic surfactant, and mixtures thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a liquid
silicone.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the water dispersible
component is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene
glycol 400, hexylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene
glycol-10 methylglucose ether, ethoxydiglycol, polyethylene
glycol-6 caprylic/capric glycerides, ethylene glycol monobutyl
ether, triisopropyl citrate, polyethylene glycol-8 caprylic/capric
glycerides, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, dimethyl isosorbide,
polyethylene-6 caprylic/capric triglyceride, and mixtures
thereof.
5. The composition of claim 4 wherein the water dispersible
component is selected from the group consisting of hexylene glycol,
dimethyl isosorbide, polyethylene glycol-6 caprylic/capric
glyceride, and mixtures thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is selected from
liquid esters that either possess a structural means for ensuring
the liquidity of the ester or are heterogeneous in nature.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of a) a branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl
alcohol ester of an aromatic acid; b) a straight-chained or
branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of optionally
ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols having from about 3 carbon atoms
to about 7 carbon atoms; c) branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl
alcohol esters of branched polyacids; d) branched or
straight-chained C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of branched
and/or unsaturated C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohols; e) branched
or unsaturated C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of an acid
selected from the group consisting of adipic acid, succinic acid,
sebacic acid, maleic acid, and mixtures thereof f) polyether
interrupted fatty acid esters; g) benzoic acid ester of
heterogeneous alcohols having from about 8 carbon atoms to about 22
carbon atoms; and h) mixtures thereof,
8. The cleansing composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is
selected from the group consisting of straight-chained or branched
C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of optionally
ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols; benzoic acid esters of
heterogeneous alcohols; and mixtures thereof.
9. The cleansing composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is
selected from the group consisting of butyloctyl salicylate;
hexyldecyl benzoate; and butyloctyl benzoate; alkyl benzoates
having from about 12 carbon atoms to about 15 carbon atoms; and
mixtures thereof.
10. The cleansing composition of claim 9 wherein the ester is
selected from the group consisting of hexyldecyl benzoate,
butyloctyl benzoate, and mixtures thereof.
11. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate;
trimethylolpropane trioctanoate; trioctanoin; pentaerythrityl
tetrapelargonate; sorbitan trioleate; caprylic/capric triglyceride;
neopentyl alcohol tetraoctanoate, and mixtures thereof.
12. The composition of claim 11 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of caprylic/capric triglyceride;
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate; trimethylolpropane trioctanoate;
pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate; and mixtures thereof.
13. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of branched alkyl alcohol esters of branched
polyacids, wherein the alkyl alcohol is optionally substituted and
contains from about 3 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms.
14. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is trioctyldodecyl
citrate and mixtures thereof.
15. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of tridecyl neopentanoate, isostearyl
palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl octanoate, isononyl
isononanoate, butyl stearate, octyldodecyl soyate, tridecyl
erucate, octyldodecyl erucate/eicosil erucate, and mixtures
thereof.
16. The composition of claim 15 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of cetyl octanoate, isostearyl palmitate,
isononyl isononanoate, and mixtures thereof.
17. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of diisopropyl adipate, dioctyl sebacate,
dioctyl succinate, dioctyl maleate, diisostearyl adipate, diethyl
sebacate, and mixtures thereof.
18. The composition of claim 17 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of diethyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate,
diisostearyl adipate, and mixtures thereof.
19. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
the group consisting of laureth-2 benzoate; C.sub.8 to C.sub.22
fatty alkyl (optionally polypropylenoxy) polyethyleneoxy
carboxylate esters derived from an alcohol having from about 1
carbon atom to about 22 carbon atoms; and mixtures thereof.
20. The composition of claim 19 wherein the ester is isopropyl
propylene glycol-2-isodeceth-7 carboxylate.
21. The composition of claim 7 wherein the ester is selected from
at least two of the following esters: a) branched C.sub.5 to
C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of an aromatic acid; b) branched or
straight-chained C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of branched
or unsaturated C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohols; and c)
straight-chained or branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters
of optionally ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols.
22. The composition of claim 1 further comprising at least one of
the following: a) polymeric emulsifer and/or a thickener; b) a
benefit agent; or c) a nonionic emulsifier.
23. The composition of claim 22 wherein the polymeric emulsifier is
polyethylene glycol-30 dipolyhydroxystearate; dimethicone copolyol;
substituted acrylates; and mixtures thereof.
24. The composition of claim 22 wherein the thickener is selected
from the group consisting of carbomers, acrylate copolymers,
hydroxyethylcellulose modified with cetyl ether groups,
polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic anhydride (PVM/MA) decadiene
crosspolymer, and mixtures thereof.
25. The composition of claim 22 wherein the thickener is selected
from the group consisting of acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer,
acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer; acrylates/ceteth-20
itaconate copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate copolymer,
carbomers, modified hydroxycellulose, polyvinylacetate/maleic
anhydride (PVA/MA) decadiene crosspolymer, and mixtures
thereof.
26. The composition of claim 22 further comprised of a cleansing
enhancer that is a nonfoaming surfactant and/or a non-ionic
emulsifier.
27. The composition of claim 26 wherein the nonfoaming surfactant
is selected from the group consisting of sucrose cocoate, sucrose
stearate and mixtures thereof.
28. The composition of claim 26 wherein the non-ionic emulsifier is
selected from the group consisting of isoceteth 20, oleth-2,
mixture of PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil and trideceth-9,
Poloxamer 184, laureth-4, sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene-(2)
oleyl ether, sorbitan stearate, cetearyl glucoside, glyceryl
oleate, and mixtures thereof.
29. The composition of claim 22 wherein the benefit agent is
selected from the group consisting of vasoconstrictors, collagen
enhancers, anti-edema agents, depigmentation agents; reflectants;
detangling/wet combing agents; film forming polymers; humectants;
amino acid agents; antimicrobial agents; allergy inhibitors;
anti-acne agents; anti-aging agents; anti-wrinkling agents,
antiseptics; analgesics; antitussives; antipruritics; local
anesthetics; anti-hair loss agents; hair growth promoting agents;
hair growth inhibitor agents; antihistamines; antiinfectives;
inflammation inhibitors; anti-emetics; anticholinergics;
vasoconstrictors; vasodilators; wound healing promoters; peptides,
polypeptides and proteins; deodorants and anti-perspirants;
medicament agents; skin emollients and skin moisturizers; skin
firming agents, hair conditioners; hair softeners; hair
moisturizers; vitamins; tanning agents; skin lightening agents;
antifungals; depilating agents; shaving preparations; external
analgesics; perfumes; counterirritants; hemorrhoidals;
insecticides; poison ivy products; poison oak products; burn
products; anti-diaper rash agents; prickly heat agents; make-up
preparations; vitamins; amino acids and their derivatives; herbal
extracts; retinoids; flavenoids; sensates; anti-oxidants; skin
conditioners; hair lighteners; chelating agents; cell turnover
enhancers; coloring agents; pigments; sunscreens and mixtures
thereof.
30. The system of claim 22 wherein the benefit agent is selected
from the group consisting of feverfew, centella asiatica, olive
leaf, wheat protein, oat oil, lycopene, DMAE, soy and derivatives
thereof, colloidal oatmeal, sulfonated shale oil, elubiol,
6-(1-piperidinyl)-2,4-pyrimidined- iamine-3-oxide, finasteride,
ketoconazole, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, benzoyl
peroxide, selenium sulfide, hydrocortisone, sulfur, menthol,
pramoxine hydrochloride, tricetylammonium chloride, polyquaternium
10, panthenol, panthenol triacetate, vitamin A and derivatives
thereof, vitamin B and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and
derivatives thereof, vitamin D and derivatives thereof, vitamin E
and derivatives thereof, vitamin K and derivatives thereof,
keratin, lysine, arginine, hydrolyzed wheat proteins, hydrolyzed
silk proteins, octyl methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, minoxidil,
titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, retinol, erthromycin, tretinoin,
and mixtures thereof.
31. A method for making an oil-in water emulsion comprised of: a)
neutralizing a hydrophilic thickening agent in a hydrophilic phase
comprised of a polymeric emulsifier with an effective amount of a
neutralizer under conditions sufficient after a lipophilic phase
was combined with the hydrophilic phase.
32. The method of claim 31 wherein the hydrophilic thickening agent
is selected from the group consisting of carbomers, acrylate
copolymers, modified hydroxycellulose, polyvinylacetate/maleic
anhydride (PVA/MA) decadiene crosspolymer, and mixtures
thereof.
33. The method of claim 31 wherein the acrylate copolymers are
selected from the group consisting of acrylates/aminoacrylates
copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate copolymer,
acrylates/cetheth-20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20
methacrylate copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
34. The method of claim 31 wherein the hydrophilic phase is
comprised of one or more of the following components: water,
thickener, cleansing enhancer, nonfoaming surfactant, or water
dispersible component.
35. The method of claim 31 wherein the lipophilic phase is
comprised of one or more of the following components: silicone,
ester, or polymeric emulsifier.
36. A method for making a water-in-oil emulsion comprised of: a)
neutralizing a hydrophilic thickening agent in a hydrophilic phase
comprised of a polymeric emulsifier with an effective amount of a
neutralizer under conditions sufficient before combining a
lipophilic phase with the hydrophilic phase.
37. The method of claim 36 wherein the hydrophilic thickening agent
is selected from the group consisting of carbomers, acrylate
copolymers, modified hydroxycellulose, polyvinyl methyl
ether/maleic anhydride (PVM/MA) decadiene crosspolymer, and
mixtures thereof.
38. The method of claim 36 wherein the acrylate copolymers are
selected from the group consisting of acrylates/aminoacrylates
copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate copolymer,
acrylates/ceteth-20 itaconate copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20
methacrylate copolymer, and mixtures thereof.
39. The method of claim 36 wherein the hydrophilic phase is
comprised of one or more of the following: water, thickener,
cleansing enhancer, nonfoaming surfactant, and water dispersible
component.
40. The method of claim 36 wherein the lipophilic phase is
comprised of one or more of the following: silicone, ester, and
polymeric emulsifier.
41. A method for depositing a benefit agent into and/or onto the
skin, hair and/or nails comprising applying a composition
comprising: a. an optional liquid silicone; b. a water dispersible
component; c. an ester; d. a polymeric emulsifier and/or a
thickener; and e. an effective amount of a benefit agent to a
desired location on a human or animal.
42. The method of claim 41 wherein the composition is further
comprised of a foaming surfactant, a cleansing enhancer, or a
mixture thereof.
43. The method of claim 41 wherein the benefit agent is selected
from the group consisting of colloidal oatmeal, olive leaf, soy and
derivatives thereof, sulfonated shale oil, elubiol,
6-(1-piperidinyl)-2,4-pyrimidined- iamine-3-oxide, finasteride,
ketoconazole, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, benzoyl
peroxide, selenium sulfide, hydrocortisone, sulfur, menthol,
pramoxine hydrochloride, tricetylammonium chloride, polyquaternium
10, panthenol, panthenol triacetate, vitamin A and derivatives
thereof, vitamin B and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and
derivatives thereof, vitamin D and derivatives thereof, vitamin E
and derivatives thereof, vitamin K and derivatives thereof,
keratin, lysine, arginine, hydrolyzed wheat proteins, hydrolyzed
silk proteins, octyl methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, minoxidil,
titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, retinol, erthromycin, tretinoin,
DMAE, and mixtures thereof.
44. A method for depositing a benefit agent into and/or onto the
skin, hair and/or nails comprising applying a composition
comprising: a. an optional liquid silicone; b. a water dispersible
component c. an ester; d. water; e. a foaming surfactant; and f. an
effective amount of a benefit agent to a desired location on a
human or animal.
45. A foaming composition comprised of a) water; b) a water
dispersible component selected from the group consisting of
hexylene glycol, PEG-6 caprylic/capric triglycerides, and mixtures
thereof; c) an ester selected from the group consisting of isononyl
isononanoate, isostearyl palmitate, cetyl octanoate, pentaerthritol
tetraoctanoate, and mixtures thereof; and d) a foaming surfactant
selected from the group consisting of cocamide MEA, lauryl
glucoside, PEG-50 tallow amide, cocamdopropylamine oxide, and
mixtures thereof.
46. The foaming composition of claim 1 wherein the foaming
surfactant is non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, or anionic.
47. The use of the composition of claim 1 in a personal care
product.
48. The composition of claim 47, wherein the personal care product
is in the form of a gel, a bath, a wash, a mousse, a shampoo, a
rinse, a lotion, a cream, a wipe, a brush, a sponge, or a
spray.
49. A foaming composition comprising, based upon the total weight
of the foaming composition, a) from about 0.1 percent to about 30
percent of a water dispersible component; b) from about 0.1 percent
to about 30 percent of an ester; c) from about 1 percent to about
98 percent of water; and d) from about 2 percent to about 30
percent of a foaming surfactant.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Serial No.
60/141927 filed 1 Jul. 1999 and PCT Application No. N/A filed on 23
Jun. 2000, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in
their entireties.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] This invention relates to cleansing compositions suitable
for use in personal cleansing applications, and in particular
make-up removal applications, which not only impart superior
cleansing properties, but also which are relatively non-irritating
and thus suitable for use by people having sensitive skin and eyes.
This invention is further related to a composition for effectively
delivering and/or depositing various benefit agents into and onto
the skin.
[0004] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0005] Various types of cosmetics such as make-up, e.g. lipstick,
mascara, foundation, and the like, leave an oil-containing residue
on the skin surface that cannot be removed easily by facial
cleansers containing conventional soaps. One reason is that such
soaps are unable to effectively emulsify or solubilize such oils,
which is why many make-up remover compositions have included an oil
base as a major component. For example, European Patent No. 370856
discloses a non-foaming makeup remover system comprised of a
surfactant-containing water phase that remains physically separated
from a cosmetic oil-containing oil phase unless shaken.
Disadvantageously, such oil-containing removers also suffer from a
tendency to deposit an oily residue or film on the user's skin.
[0006] Various attempts have been made to produce stable, oil-free
makeup removers. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,217,641 discloses an
oil-free, stable, non-irritating, single-phase makeup remover
comprised of 50 percent to 98 percent of cyclomethicone along with
a mixture of esters. However, not only is it economically
disadvantageous to use such a large amount of cyclomethicones, but
because of their highly volatile nature, cyclomethicones cannot be
packaged easily using conventional cosmetic packaging.
[0007] Another reason that make-up cannot be removed by
conventional soaps is the fact that such soaps are incapable of
removing the binders in the make-up. These binders tend to increase
the make-up's resistance against sebum and water as well as its
overall adhesiveness to the skin. In addition, various polymers,
which are similarly difficult to remove, are also employed in hair
cosmetics for the purpose of protecting the hair or providing the
hair with body.
[0008] It would be desirable to have a stable,
economically-feasible composition that could not only effectively
remove the residue from sebum as well as the residue from make-up
and hair-protecting agents, but also impart a pleasant, non-oily
"after-feel" to the skin and hair. It would also be desirable to
create such a composition having a low degree of ocular and skin
irritation. It would further be desirable to create such a
composition that is capable of depositing various active agents
into and onto the skin.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] In accordance with this invention, there is provided a
cleaning composition comprising:
[0010] a. a liquid silicone;
[0011] b. a water dispersible component; and
[0012] c. an ester.
[0013] Another embodiment of this invention is directed to a
cleaning system comprising:
[0014] a. a liquid silicone;
[0015] b. a water dispersible component;
[0016] c. an ester;
[0017] d. water; and
[0018] e. a polymeric emulsifier and/or thickener.
[0019] Another embodiment of this invention is directed to a
foaming composition comprising:
[0020] a. a water dispersible component;
[0021] b. an ester;
[0022] c. water; and a
[0023] d. foaming surfactant.
[0024] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed
to a method for making an oil-in water emulsion comprised of:
[0025] neutralizing a hydrophilic thickening agent in a hydrophilic
phase comprised of a polymeric emulsifier with an effective amount
of a neutralizer under conditions sufficient after a lipophilic
phase was combined with the hydrophilic phase.
[0026] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed
to a method for making a water-in-oil emulsion comprised of:
[0027] neutralizing a hydrophilic thickening agent in a hydrophilic
phase comprised of a polymeric emulsifier with an effective amount
of a neutralizer under conditions sufficient before combning a
lipophilic phase with the hydrophilic phase.
[0028] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed
to a method for depositing benefit agents into and onto the skin
comprised of:
[0029] topically applying an effective amount of the benefit agent
with a composition comprised of an optional liquid silicone, a
water dispersible component, and an ester to a desired
location.
[0030] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed
to a method for depositing a benefit agent into and/or onto the
skin, hair and/or nails comprising applying a composition
comprising:
[0031] a. an optional liquid silicone;
[0032] b. a water dispersible component;
[0033] c. an ester;
[0034] d. a polymeric emulsifier and/or thickener; and
[0035] e. an effective amount of a benefit agent
[0036] to a desired location on a human or animal.
[0037] Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed
to a method for depositing a benefit agent into and/or onto the
skin, hair and/or nails comprising applying a composition
comprising:
[0038] a. an optional liquid silicone;
[0039] b. a water dispersible component
[0040] c. an ester;
[0041] d. water;
[0042] e. a foaming surfactant; and
[0043] f. an effective amount of a benefit agent to a desired
location on a human or animal.
[0044] The compositions of this invention are capable of
effectively cleansing the skin without significantly contributing
to ocular irritation as well as depositing various benefit agents
into and onto the skin, hair and nails.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0045] The file of this patent contains at least one drawing
executed in color. Copies of this patent with color drawing(s) will
be provided by the Patent and Trademark Office upon request and
payment of the necessary fee.
[0046] The invention will be more fully understood and further
advantages will become apparent when reference is made to the
following detailed description of the invention and the
accompanying drawing in which:
[0047] FIG. 1 is a representation that illustrates two forearms,
each of which contains three sets of three different types of
makeup before a cleanser is applied thereto.
[0048] FIGS. 2(a) through (f) are representations of the same
forearm after six respective cleansers were applied to each set of
makeup, respectively.
[0049] FIGS. 3(a) and (b) are representations that illustrate the
right side (FIG. 3(a)) and left side (FIG. 3(b)) of a subject's
face prior to treatment as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0050] FIGS. 3(c) and (d) are representations that illustrate the
right side (FIG. 3(c)) and left side (FIG. 3(d)) of a subject's
face while possessing the formulation of Example 10 as viewed under
a CG-395 Filter.
[0051] FIG. 3(e) is a representation that illustrates the right
side of a subject's face after the treatment of Example 10 was
rinsed therefrom as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0052] FIG. 3(f) is a representation that illustrates the left side
of a subject's face after the treatment of Example 10 was wiped
therefrom as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0053] FIGS. 4(a) and (b) are representations that illustrate the
right side (FIG. 4(a)) and left side (FIG. 4(b)) of a subject's
face prior to treatment as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0054] FIGS. 4(c) and (d) are representations that illustrate the
right side (FIG. 4(c)) and left side (FIG. 4(d)) of a subject's
face while possessing the formulation of Example 10 as viewed under
a CG-395 Filter.
[0055] FIG. 4(e) is a representation that illustrates the right
side of a subject's face after the treatment of Example 10 was
rinsed therefrom as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0056] FIG. 4(f) is a representation that illustrates the left side
of a subject's face after the treatment of Example 10 was wiped
therefrom as viewed under a CG-395 Filter.
[0057] FIG. 5(a) is a graph of concentration of retinol in the
formulation of Example 10 versus pixel intensity change.
[0058] FIG. 5(b) is a graph of concentration of retinol in the
formulation of Example 11 versus pixel intensity change.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning
composition may suitably comprise, consist of, or consist
essentially of, based upon the total weight of the cleaning
composition, a) from about 10 percent to about 35 percent, and
preferably from about 10 percent to about 20 percent of a liquid
silicone; b) from about 10 percent to about 35 percent, and
preferably from about 10 percent to about 20 percent of a water
dispersible component; and c) from about 30 percent to about 80
percent, and preferably from 55 percent to about 65 percent of an
ester.
[0060] The first component of the cleaning composition of the
present invention may be either a volatile or nonvolatile liquid
silicone, with the former being preferred. Examples of suitable
silicones nonexclusively include the polydimethyl siloxanes and
derivatives thereof such as hexamethylsiloxane, dimethicone,
dimethiconol, and cyclomethicone, with cyclomethicone being
preferred. Examples of suitable cyclomethicones nonexclusively
include cyclotetradimethyl siloxane; cyclopentadimethyl siloxane,
cyclohexadimethyl siloxane, cycloheptadimethyl siloxane, and
mixtures thereof. Preferably, the silicone has a viscosity of from
about 0.25 cp to about 350 cp.
[0061] The second component of the cleaning composition of the
present invention is a water dispersible component, which is
preferably a water soluble solvent. As used herein, the term "water
dispersible component" shall mean a material that produces a
uniform, clear or hazy, mixture when combined with at least a
weight equivalent of water. Examples of suitable water dispersible
components nonexclusively include polyethylene glycol 400, hexylene
glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol-10 methylglucose
ether, ethoxydiglycol, polyethylene glycol-6 caprylic/capric
glyceride, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, polyethylene glycol-8
caprylic/capric glycerides, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol, dimethyl
isosorbide, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred water dispersible
components include hexylene glycol, dimethyl isosorbide,
polyethylene glycol-6 caprylic/capric glyceride, and mixtures
thereof.
[0062] The third component of the cleaning composition of the
present invention is a lipophilic component that preferably is a
liquid ester. Preferred esters for use in the composition of this
invention include those liquid esters that either possess a
structural means for ensuring its liquidity or are heterogeneous in
nature. Examples of such structural means include the presence of
"interruptions", such as: 1) chain branching; 2) olefinic
unsaturation; 3) the presence of either a polyether or a
monoalkoxylate in the structure; or 4) the presence of a
substituent, e.g. an ethoxylated or propoxylated moiety, bonded
between the acid group and the alcohol group. By "heterogeneity,"
it is meant that the lipophilic component is comprised of a mixture
of compounds that vary in the number of carbon atoms in their
respective chains.
[0063] Examples of suitable esters nonexclusively include:
[0064] a) a branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol ester of an
aromatic acid;
[0065] b) a straight-chained or branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl
acid esters of optionally ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols having
from about 3 carbon atoms to about 7 carbon atoms;
[0066] c) branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of
branched polyacids;
[0067] d) branched or straight-chained C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl
acid esters of branched and/or unsaturated C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl
alcohols;
[0068] e) branched or unsaturated C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol
esters of an acid selected from the group consisting of adipic
acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures
thereof
[0069] f) polyether interrupted fatty acid esters;
[0070] g) benzoic acid ester of heterogeneous alcohols having from
about 8 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms; and
[0071] h) mixtures thereof,
[0072] with straight-chained or branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl
acid esters of optionally ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols,
benzoic acid esters of heterogeneous alcohols, and mixtures thereof
being particularly preferred.
[0073] Suitable branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters
of an aromatic acid include those wherein the aromatic acid is
benzoic acid. Preferably, the alcohol of this ester is either
branched or unsaturated, and may be either a primary alcohol or a
secondary alcohol with the former being preferred. Optionally, the
aromatic acid may be substituted with hydroxy or alkyl groups
having from about 1 carbon atom to about 4 carbon atoms. Specific
examples of these esters nonexclusively include, butyloctyl
salicylate; hexyldecyl benzoate; and butyloctyl benzoate, which are
all available from C.P. Hall Co. under the tradename, "HallStar;"
and mixtures thereof, with a mixture of hexyldecyl benzoate and
butyloctyl benzoate being particularly preferred.
[0074] Another suitable ester includes a straight-chained or
branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid ester of optionally
ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols, wherein the polyols contain from
about 3 carbon atoms to about 7 carbon atoms. Preferably, if the
polyol creates a branching point, then the acid group may be
straight-chained. Suitable acids used to form these esters
typically have from about 8 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms,
and preferably from about 8 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms,
and most preferably from about 8 carbon atoms to about 12 carbon
atoms, and are either saturated or unsaturated, with octanoic acid,
capric acid, and mixtures thereof being preferred. Such suitable
acids are either straight-chained or branched, and are preferably
aliphatic. Suitable polyols used to form these esters typically
have from about 3 carbon atoms to about 30 carbon atoms, and
preferably from about 3 carbon atoms to about 7 carbon atoms.
Examples of such suitable polyols nonexclusively include neopentyl
alcohol; polyglycerol, e.g. diglycerol, triglycerol, hexaglycerol,
and decaglycerol, wherein the polyglycerol may contain from about 2
to about 10 glycerol groups; glycerin; sorbitan; methyl glucose;
trimethylolpropane; and mixtures thereof. Neopentyl alcohol,
glycerin, trimethylolpropane, and mixtures thereof are the
preferred polyols. Examples of suitable esters nonexclusively
include pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate; trimethylolpropane
trioctanoate; trioctanoin; pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate;
sorbitan trioleate; caprylic/capric triglyceride; neopentyl alcohol
tetraoctanoate, and mixtures thereof, with caprylic/capric
triglyceride; pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate; trimethylolpropane
trioctanoate; and pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate being more
preferred.
[0075] Another suitable ester includes the branched C.sub.5 to
C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of branched polyacids such as the
tri-esters, tetra-esters, penta-esters, and mixtures thereof. An
example of such a polyacid is citric acid. Suitable alkyl alcohols
for creating these esters are optionally substituted, e.g.,
ethoxylated or propoxylated, contain from about 3 carbon atoms to
about 22 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 3 carbon atoms to
about 8 carbon atoms, and are either straight-chained or branched,
with the branching being preferred. These alcohols may either be
primary or secondary, and may either be saturated or unsaturated,
with saturated being preferred for stability reasons. Specific
examples of suitable esters nonexclusively include trioctyldodecyl
citrate; triisopropylcitrate; and mixtures thereof.
[0076] Another suitable ester includes the branched or
straight-chained C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of branched
or unsaturated alkyl alcohols wherein the alkyl group of the
alcohol has from about 1 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and
preferably from about 4 carbon atoms to about 10 carbon atoms,
provided that the total number of carbon atoms in the ester is at
least about 8. Suitable acids for use in making these esters
typically have from about 2 carbon atoms to about 22 carbon atoms,
and preferably from about 5 carbon atoms to about 10 carbon atoms.
However, if the number of acid carbon atoms exceeds the number of
carbon atoms in the alcohol, then the acid preferably contains from
about 8 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms and the alcohol
preferably contains from about 1 carbon atom to about 8 carbon
atoms. If the number of acid carbon atoms is less than the number
of carbon atoms in the alcohol, then the acid preferably contains
from about 2 carbon atoms to about 8 carbon atoms and the alcohol
preferably contains from about 8 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon
atoms. Preferably, either: 1) the alcohol group or the acid group
has branching and/or unsaturation, i.e. both the alcohol and the
acid are not straight-chained; or 2) the ester possesses an
asymmetrical alkyl distribution. By "asymmetrical alkyl
distribution," it is meant that the ester is made from, for
example, a short chain alcohol, i.e. having from about 1 carbon
atom to about 8 carbon atoms, and a long chain acid, i.e., having
greater than about 8 carbon atoms, such as, e.g. butyl stearate, or
less preferably the ester is made from, a long chain alcohol, i.e.
having greater than about 8 carbon atoms, and a short chain acid,
i.e. having from about 1 carbon atom to about 8 carbon atoms.
Examples of such suitable esters nonexclusively include tridecyl
neopentanoate, isostearyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl
octanoate, isononyl isononanoate, butyl stearate, octyidodecyl
soyate, tridecyl erucate, octyldodecyl erucate/eicosil erucate, and
mixtures thereof, with cetyl octanoate, isostearyl palmitate,
isononyl isononanoate, and mixtures thereof and being
preferred.
[0077] Another suitable ester includes the branched or unsaturated
C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of an acid selected from
the group consisting of adipic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid,
sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof. The alcohol of these esters,
which has from about 3 carbon atoms to about 18 carbon atoms, and
preferably from about 3 carbon atoms to about 8 carbon atoms, is
preferably branched or unsaturated. Examples of such suitable
alcohol esters nonexclusively include diisopropyl adipate, dioctyl
sebacate, dioctyl succinate, dioctyl maleate, diisostearyl adipate,
diethyl sebacate, and mixtures thereof, with diethyl sebacate,
dioctyl sebacate, and diisostearyl adipate being preferred.
[0078] Another suitable ester includes polyether interrupted fatty
acid esters. Examples of such suitable esters nonexclusively
include: 1) laureth-2 benzoate; 2) C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 fatty alkyl
(optionally polypropylenoxy) polyethyleneoxy carboxylate esters
derived from an alcohol having from about 1 carbon atom to about 22
carbon atoms, is either straight or branched, and may contain a
phenyl group; and 3) mixtures thereof, with C.sub.8 to C.sub.22
fatty alkyl (optionally polypropylenoxy) polyethyleneoxy
carboxylate esters being preferred. Specific examples of preferred
esters nonexclusively include isopropyl propylene
glycol-2-isodeceth-7 carboxylate, such as "Velsan D8P3" and other
commercially available materials sold by Sandoz under the
tradename, "Velsan."
[0079] Another suitable ester includes the benzoic acid esters of
heterogeneous alcohols having from about 8 carbon atoms to about 22
carbon atoms, such as the ester mixtures available from Finetex
under the tradename, "Finsolv" and preferably is the C.sub.12 to
C.sub.15 alcohols benzoate available from Finetex under the
tradename, "Finsolv TN."
[0080] Preferred combinations of esters include at least one,
preferably at least two, and more preferably three of the following
esters: a) branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of an
aromatic acid; b) branched or straight-chained C.sub.5to C.sub.22
alkyl acid esters of branched or unsaturated alkyl alcohols; and c)
straight-chained or branched C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters
of optionally ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols. In a preferred
embodiment, the ester contains, based upon the total weight percent
of the esters, from about 30 percent to about 80 percent of
branched or straight-chained C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters
of branched or unsaturated C.sub.5to C.sub.22 alkyl alcohols; from
about 10 percent to about 50 percent of branched C.sub.5 to
C.sub.22 alkyl alcohol esters of an aromatic acid; and from about
10 percent to about 50 percent of straight-chained or branched
C.sub.5 to C.sub.22 alkyl acid esters of optionally
ethyoxylated/propoxylated polyols. In a more preferred embodiment,
the ester contains, based upon the total weight percent of the
esters, from about 15 percent to about 50 percent isononyl
isononanoate, from about 15 percent to about 50 percent isostearyl
palmitate, from about 15 percent to about 50 percent cetyl
octanoate, and from about 15 percent to about 50 percent
pentaerthritol tetraoctanoate.
[0081] Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a
cleaning system comprising, consisting, or consisting essentially
of, based upon the total weight of the cleaning system, a) at least
5 percent and preferably at least about 10 percent of the cleaning
composition; b) from about 70 percent to about 98 percent, and
preferably from about 80 percent to about 90 percent of water; c)
from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent, e.g. from about 0.5 percent to
about 1.5 percent of a polymeric emulsifier, a thickener, or
mixture thereof; optionally d) from about 0.1 percent to about 9
percent, and preferably from about 1 percent to about 3 percent of
a cleaning enhancer; optionally e) from about 2 percent to about 20
percent, and preferably from about 5 percent to about 15 percent of
a foaming surfactant; and optionally f) from about 0.001 percent to
about 5 percent of a benefit agent. In one embodiment, the cleaning
system may comprise, based upon the total weight of the cleansing
system, from about 0.1 to about 5 percent, and preferably from
about 0.5 percent to 1.5 percent of a polymeric emulsifier and/or
from about 0.01 percent to about 2 percent, and preferably from
about 0.01 percent to about 0.5 percent of a thickener. More
preferably, the cleaning system contains, based upon the total
weight of the cleaning system, from about 10 percent to about 30
percent of the cleaning composition.
[0082] The cleaning system may be in the form of an oil-in-water
emulsion, a water-in-oil emulsion, or a dispersion.
[0083] In addition to the cleansing composition, the cleaning
system is further comprised of polymeric emulsifiers and/or
thickeners. As used herein, the term "polymeric emulsifier" shall
mean those compounds capable of emulsifying cleaning systems
whereby the polymeric emulsifiers have a molecular weight of at
least about 5000, and preferably are block copolymers having a
hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion. When used at amounts
effective for emulsifying the cleansing system, the polymeric
emulsifiers surprisingly do not cause significant eye sting, i.e.,
when the emulsifer-containing composition was used by 80 consumers
in the eye area, no more than about 5% of such users expressed
discomfort around the eye area. Examples of suitable polymeric
emulsifiers nonexclusively include polyethylene glycol-30
dipolyhydroxystearate available from Uniqema under the tradename,
`Arlacel P-135;" dimethicone copolyol, which is available from
Goldschmidt Chemical Corporation under the tradename, "Abil EM 90";
substituted acrylates such as those available from The Goodrich
Corporation under the tradename, "Pemulen"; and mixtures thereof,
with polyethylene glycol-30 dipolyhydroxystearate being
preferred.
[0084] Examples of suitable hydrophilic thickeners nonexclusively
include carbomers available from B.F. Goodrich under the tradename,
"Carbopol ETD 2020", acrylate copolymers, hydroxyethylcellulose
modified with cetyl ether groups available from Hercules under the
tradename, "Natrosol Plus", polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic anhydride
(PVM/MA) decadiene crosspolymer available from International
Specialty Products under the tradename, "Stabileze QM," and
copolymers and mixtures thereof, with carbomers being preferred.
Examples of suitable acrylate copolymers nonexclusively include
acrylate copolymers available from Rohm & Haas under the
tradename, "Aculyn 33," acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer
available from National Starch & Chemical Company under the
tradename, "Structure Plus," acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate
copolymer available from National Starch & Chemical Company
under the tradename, "Structure 2001," acrylates/ceteth-20
itaconate copolymer available from National Starch & Chemical
Company under the tradename, "Structure 3001,"
acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer available from Rohm
& Haas under the tradename, "Aculyn 22," and copolymers and
mixtures thereof.
[0085] The cleaning system of the present invention may also
optionally contain a cleaning enhancer in the form of a nonionic
emulsifier and/or a non-foaming surfactant. Examples of suitable
nonionic emulsifiers include isocetheth-20, oleth-2, mixture of
PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil and trideceth-9 available from
Dragoco Inc. under the tradename, "Dragoco Solubilizer 2/014160,"
Poloxamer 184, laureth-4, sorbitan trioleate, polyoxyethylene-(2)
oleyl ether, sorbitan stearate, cetearyl glucoside, glyceryl
oleate, trideceth-9, polyethylene glycol-40 hydrogenated castor
oil, and mixtures thereof.
[0086] Examples of suitable non-foaming surfactants include
non-foaming nonionic surfactants such as sucrose esters, e.g.,
sucrose cocoate, sucrose stearate and mixtures thereof, with
sucrose cocoate being preferred. By "essentially non-foaming," it
is meant that the surfactant, when used with the composition of the
present invention, has a column height of less than about 20 mm as
determined by the Ross-Miles Foam Generation Test. See 18 (I.) Oil
& Soap 99-102 (1941)["Ross-Miles Test"), which is incorporated
by reference herein. The cleansing composition and the cleansing
system may either be rinseable with water or may be wiped-off.
Preferably, the essentially, non-foaming surfactants are used in
embodiments wherein the cleansing system or the cleansing
composition is rinseable with water. For example, a preferred
combination of hydrophilic components include, based upon the total
weight percent of the cleansing system, from about 0.1 percent to
about 5.0 percent of hexylene glycol, from about 0.5 percent to
about 3.0 percent of sucrose cocoate non foaming surfactant, and
from about 0.5 percent to about 3.0 percent of polyoxyethylene-6
caprylic/capric triglyceride. An example of a suitable cleaning
enhancer include a mixture of sorbitan stearate and sucrose cocoate
available from Uniqema under the tradename, "Arlatone 2121."
[0087] Preferably, the cleaning system contains, based upon the
total weight of the cleansing system, no more than about 6%, and
preferably 5%, of the cleaning enhancers for cream formulations and
no more than about 2%, and preferably no more than 1% of the
cleaning enhancers in thin lotion/milk formulations.
[0088] The cleansing system and cleansing composition may also
optionally contain a foaming surfactant. The foaming surfactant may
be non-ionic, cationic, amphoteric, or anionic; nonionic
surfactants are preferred. By "foaming," it is meant that the
surfactant, when used with the composition of the present
invention, has a column height of foam greater than about 20 mm as
determined by the Ross-Miles Test. As used herein, the term
"amphoteric" shall mean: 1) molecules that contain both acidic and
basic sites such as, for example, an amino acid containing both
amino (basic) and acid (e.g., carboxylic acid, acidic) functional
groups; or 2) zwitterionic molecules which possess both positive
and negative charges within the same molecule. The charges of the
latter may be either dependent on or independent of the pH of the
composition. Examples of zwitterionic materials include, but are
not limited to, alkyl betaines and amidoalkyl betaines. Examples of
suitable and preferred surfactants may be found in International
Patent Application Number WO97/01196, which is incorporated by
reference in its entirety herein.
[0089] The cleansing system may further contain one or more benefit
agents or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. As used
herein, the term "benefit agent" includes any active ingredient
that is to be delivered into and/or onto the skin, hair or nail at
a desired location, such as a cosmetic agent or a pharmaceutical
agent. By "cosmetic agent," it is meant any ingredient that is
appropriate for cosmetically treating, providing nutrients to,
and/or conditioning the hair, nail, and/or skin via topical
application. By "pharmaceutical agent," it is mean any drug that is
either hydrophobic or hydrophilic in nature and appropriate for
topical use. As used herein "medicament agents" include those
agents capable of promoting recovery from injury and illness.
[0090] The benefit agents useful herein may be categorized by their
therapeutic benefit or their postulated mode of action. However, it
is to be understood that the benefit agents useful herein may, in
some circumstances, provide more than one thereapeutic benefit or
operate via greater than one mode of action. Therefore, the
particular classifications provided herein are made for the sake of
convenience and are not intended to limit the benefit agents to the
particular application(s) listed. In addition, the compounds, which
are identified below as being suitable for use as benefit agents,
may be used in an amount over and above the amount that they may be
used for other purposes in the cleansing composition/cleansing
system.
[0091] Examples of suitable benefit agents include, but are not
limited to, depigmentation agents; reflectants; detangling/wet
combing agents; film forming polymers; humectants; amino acids and
their derivatives; antimicrobial agents; allergy inhibitors;
anti-acne agents; anti-aging agents; anti-wrinkling agents,
antiseptics; analgesics; antitussives; antipruritics; local
anesthetics; anti-hair loss agents; hair growth promoting agents;
hair growth inhibitor agents, antihistamines such as Mandragora
Vernalis, Tanacetum Parthenium and the like; antiinfectives such as
Acacia Catechu, Aloe Barbadensis, Convallaria Majalis, Echinacea,
Eucalyptus, Mentha Piperita, Rosa Canina, Sassafras Albidum, and
the like; inflammation inhibitors; anti-emetics; anticholinergics;
vasoconstrictors; vasodilators; wound healing promoters; peptides,
polypeptides and proteins; deodorants and antiperspirants;
medicament agents; skin emollients and skin moisturizers; skin
firming agents, hair conditioners; hair softeners; hair
moisturizers; vitamins; tanning agents; skin lightening agents;
antifungals such as Centaurea Cyanus, Kalmia Latifolia and
antifungals for foot preparations; depilating agents; shaving
preparations; external analgesics; perfumes; counterirritants;
hemorrhoidals; insecticides; poison ivy products; poison oak
products; burn products; anti-diaper rash agents; prickly heat
agents; make-up preparations; vitamins; amino acids and their
derivatives; herbal extracts; retinoids; flavenoids; sensates;
anti-oxidants; skin conditioners; hair lighteners; chelating
agents; cell turnover enhancers; coloring agents; pigments;
sunscreens, those active ingredients disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
6,063,397, which is incorporated herein by reference, anti-edema
agents, collagen enhancers, and mixtures thereof.
[0092] Examples of suitable anti-edema agents nonexclusively
include bisabolol natural, synthetic bisabolol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0093] Examples of suitable vasoconstrictors nonexclusively include
horse chestnut extract, prickly ash, and mixtures thereof.
[0094] Examples of suitable anti-inflammatory agents nonexclusively
include benoxaprofen, centella asiatica, bisabolol, feverfew
(whole), feverfew (parthenolide free), green tea extract, green tea
concentrate, hydrogen peroxide, lycopene including "Lyc-o-Pen"
available from LycoRed Natural Products Industries, Ltd., oat oil,
chamomile, and mixtures thereof.
[0095] Examples of collagen enhancers nonexclusively include
vitamin A, vitamin C, and mixtures thereof.
[0096] Examples of suitable skin firming agent nonexclusively
include dimethylaminoethanol ("DMAE").
[0097] Examples of suitable antipruritics and skin protectants
nonexclusively include oatmeal, betaglucan, feverfew, soy and
derivatives thereof, bicarbonate of soda, colloidal oatmeal,
surfactant based colloidal oatmeal cleanser, Anagallis Arvensis,
Oenothera Biennis, Verbena Officinalis, and the like. These
antipruritics may be used in an amount, based upon the total weight
of the cleansing composition, from about 0.01 percent to about 40
percent, and preferably from about 1 percent to about 5
percent.
[0098] As used herein, colloidal oatmeal means the powder resulting
from the grinding and further processing of whole oat grain meeting
United States Standards for Number 1 or Number 2 oats. The
colloidal oatmeal has a particle size distribution as follows: not
more than 3 percent of the total particles exceed 150 micrometers
in size and not more than 20 percent of the total particles exceed
75 micrometers in size. Examples of suitable colloidal oatmeals
include, but are not limited to, "Tech-O" available from the Beacon
Corporation and colloidal oatmeals available from Quaker.
[0099] Examples of suitable reflectants nonexclusively include
mica, alumina, calcium silicate, glycol dioleate, glycol
distearate, silica, sodium magnesium fluorosilicate, and mixtures
thereof.
[0100] Suitable detangling/wet combing agents nonexclusively
include polyquaternium-10, hydroxypropyltrimonium guar,
dioleoylamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate,
di-(soyoylethyl)hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, hydroxyethyl
behenamidopropyl dimonium chloride, olealkonium chloride,
polyquaternium-47, stearalkonium chloride, tricetylmonium chloride,
and mixtures thereof.
[0101] Suitable film forming polymers include those that, upon
drying, produce a substantially continuous coating or film on the
hair, skin, or nails. Nonexclusive examples of suitable film
forming polymers include acrylamidopropyl trimonium
chloride/acrylamide copolymer; corn starch/acrylamide/sodium
acrylate copolymer; polyquaternium-10; polyquaternium-47;
polyvinylmethylether/maleic anhydride copolymer; styrene/acrylates
copolymers; and mixtures thereof.
[0102] Commercially available humectants which are capable of
providing moisturization and conditioning properties to the
cleansing composition are suitable for use in the present
invention. The humectant is preferably present in an amount of from
about 0 percent to about 10 percent, more preferably from about 0.5
percent to about 5 percent, and most preferably from about 0.5
percent to about 3 percent, based on the overall weight of the
composition. Examples of suitable humectants nonexclusively
include: 1) water soluble liquid polyols selected from the group
comprising glycerine, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, butylene
glycol, pentylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof;
2) polyalkylene glycol of the formula I.:
HO--(R"O).sub.b--H I.
[0103] wherein R" is an alkylene group having from about 2 to about
4 carbon atoms and b is an integer of from about 1 to about 10,
such as PEG 4; 3) polyethylene glycol ether of methyl glucose of
formula II.:
CH.sub.3--C.sub.6H.sub.10O.sub.5--(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.c--OH
II.
[0104] wherein c is an integer from about 5 to about 25;
[0105] 4) urea; 5) fructose; 6) glucose; 7) honey; 8) lactic acid;
9) maltose; 10) sodium glucuronate; and 11) mixtures thereof, with
glycerine being the preferred humectant.
[0106] Suitable amino acid agents include amino acids derived from
the hydrolysis of various proteins as well as the salts, esters,
and acyl derivatives thereof. Examples of such amino acid agents
nonexclusively include amphoteric amino acids such as alkylamido
alkylamines, i.e. stearyl acetyl glutamate, capryloyl silk amino
acid, capryloyl collagen amino acids; capryloyl keratin amino
acids; capryloyl pea amino acids; cocodimonium hydroxypropyl silk
amino acids; corn gluten amino acids; cysteine; glutamic acid;
glycine; hair keratin amino acids; amino acids such as aspartic
acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine,
cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine,
phenylalanine, cysteic acid, lysine, histidine, arginine, cysteine,
tryptophan, citrulline; lysine; silk amino acids, wheat amino
acids; and mixtures thereof
[0107] Suitable proteins include those polymers that have a long
chain, i.e. at least about 10 carbon atoms, and a high molecular
weight, i.e. at least about 1000, and are formed by
self-condensation of amino acids. Nonexclusive examples of such
proteins include collagen, deoxyribonuclease, iodized corn protein;
milk protein; protease; serum protein; silk; sweet almond protein;
wheat germ protein; wheat protein; alpha and beta helix of keratin
proteins; hair proteins, such as intermediate filament proteins,
high-sulfur proteins, ultrahigh-sulfur proteins, intermediate
filament-associated proteins, high-tyrosine proteins, high-glycine
tyrosine proteins, tricohyalin, and mixtures thereof.
[0108] Examples of suitable vitamins nonexclusively include vitamin
B complex; including thiamine, nicotinic acid, biotin, pantothenic
acid, choline, riboflavin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, pyridoxine,
inositol, carnitine; vitamins A,C,D,E,K and their derivatives such
as vitamin A palmitate and pro-vitamins, e.g. (i.e. panthenol (pro
vitamin B5) and panthenol triacetate) and mixtures thereof.
[0109] Examples of suitable antibacterial agents nonexclusively
include bacitracin, erythromycin, neomycin, tetracycline,
chlortetracycline, benzethonium chloride, phenol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0110] Examples of suitable skin emollients and skin moisturizers
nonexclusively include mineral oil, lanolin, vegetable oils,
isostearyl isostearate, glyceryl laurate, methyl gluceth-10, methyl
gluceth-20 chitosan, and mixtures thereof.
[0111] Examples of suitable hair conditioners nonexclusively
include quaternized compounds such as behenamidopropyl PG-dimonium
chloride, tricetylmonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl
hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, and mixtures thereof as well as
lipophilic compounds like cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol,
hydrogenated polydecene, and mixtures thereof.
[0112] An example of a suitable hair softener nonexclusively
includes silicone compounds, such as those that are either
non-volatile or volatile and those that are water soluble or water
insoluble. Examples of suitable silicones include
organo-substituted polysiloxanes, which are either linear or cyclic
polymers of monomeric silicone/oxygen monomers and which
nonexclusively include cetyl dimethicone; cetyl triethylammonium
dimethicone copolyol phthalate; cyclomethicone; dimethicone
copolyol; dimethicone copolyol lactate; hydrolyzed soy
protein/dimethicone copolyol acetate; silicone quaternium 13;
stearalkonium dimethicone copolyol phthalate; stearamidopropyl
dimethicone; and mixtures thereof.
[0113] Examples of suitable hair moisturizers nonexclusively
include panthenyl ethyl ether, phytantriol, and mixtures
thereof.
[0114] Examples of sunscreen agents nonexclusively include
benzophenones, bornelone, butyl paba, cinnamidopropyl trimethyl
ammonium chloride, disodium distyrylbiphenyl disulfonate, paba,
potassium methoxycinnamate, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, octyl
methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, octocrylene, octyl salicylate,
phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid, ethyl hydroxypropyl
aminobenzoate, menthyl anthranilate, aminobenzoic acid, cinoxate,
diethanolamine methoxycinnamate, glyceryl aminobenzoate, titanium
dioxide, zinc oxide, oxybenzone, Padimate O, red petrolatum, and
mixtures thereof.
[0115] An example of a suitable tanning agent nonexclusively
includes dihydroxyacetone.
[0116] Examples of skin lightening agents nonexclusively include
hydroquinone, catechol and its derivatives, ascorbic acid and its
derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
[0117] Examples of suitable insecticides (including insect
repellents, anti-scabies and anti-lice treatments) nonexclusively
include permethrin, pyrethrin , piperonyl butoxide, imidacloprid,
N,N-diethyl toluamide, which refers to the material containing
predominantly the meta isomer, i.e., N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide, which
is also known as DEET; compounds of the formula III. 1
[0118] wherein
[0119] R.sub.5 is a branched or unbranched alkyl group having about
1 to about 6 carbon atoms;
[0120] R.sub.6 is H, methyl or ethyl;
[0121] R.sub.7 is a branched or unbranched alkyl or alkoxy group
having from about 1 to about 8 carbon atoms; and
[0122] K is a --CN or a --COOR.sub.8 group, wherein
[0123] R.sub.8 is a branched or unbranched alkyl group having from
about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms,
[0124] natural or synthetic pyrethroids, whereby the natural
pyrethroids are contained in pyrethrum, the extract of the ground
flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium or C coccineum; and
mixtures thereof. Within the structure of Formula III. are ethyl
3-(N-butylacetamido)propio- nate, wherein R.sub.7 is a CH.sub.3
group, R.sub.5 is an n-butyl group, R.sub.6 is H, K is COOR.sub.8
and R.sub.8 is ethyl, which is available commercially from Merck
KGaA of Darmstadt, Germany under the name, "Insect Repellent
3535."
[0125] An example of an anti fungal for foot preparations
nonexclusively includes tolnaftate.
[0126] Examples of suitable depilating agents nonexclusively
include calcium thioglycolate, magnesium thioglycolate, potassium
thioglycolate, strontium thioglycolate, and mixtures thereof.
[0127] Examples of suitable external analgesics and local
anesthetics nonexclusively include benzocaine, dibucaine, benzyl
alcohol, camphor, capsaicin, capsicum, capsicum oleoresin, juniper
tar, menthol, methyl nicotinate, methyl salicylate, phenol,
resorcinol, turpentine oil, and mixtures thereof.
[0128] Examples of suitable antiperspirants and deodorants
nonexclusively include aluminium chlorohydrates, aluminium
zirconium chlorohydrates, and mixtures thereof.
[0129] Examples of suitable counterirritants nonexclusively include
camphor, menthol, methyl salicylate, peppermint and clove oils,
ichtammol, and mixtures thereof.
[0130] An example of a suitable inflammation inhibitor
nonexclusively includes hydrocortisone, Fragaria Vesca, Matricaria
Chamomilla, and Salvia Officinalis.
[0131] Examples of suitable hemorrhoidal products nonexclusively
include the anesthetics such as benzocaine, pramoxine
hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof; antiseptics such as
benzethonium chloride; astringents such as zinc oxide, bismuth
subgallate, balsam Peru, and mixtures thereof; skin protectants
such as cod liver oil, vegetable oil, and mixtures thereof.
[0132] Most preferred benefit agents nonexclusively include DMAE,
soy and derivatives thereof, colloidal oatmeal, sulfonated shale
oil, olive leaf, elubiol,
6-(1-piperidinyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine-3-oxide, finasteride,
ketoconazole, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, coal tar, benzoyl
peroxide, selenium sulfide, hydrocortisone, sulfur, menthol,
pramoxine hydrochloride, tricetylmonium chloride, polyquaternium
10, panthenol, panthenol triacetate, vitamin A and derivatives
thereof, vitamin B and derivatives thereof, vitamin C and
derivatives thereof, vitamin D and derivatives thereof, vitamin E
and derivatives thereof, vitamin K and derivatives thereof,
keratin, lysine, arginine, hydrolyzed wheat proteins, hydrolyzed
silk proteins, octyl methoxycinnamate, oxybenzone, minoxidil,
titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, retinol, erthromycin, tretinoin,
and mixtures thereof.
[0133] One preferred type of benefit agent includes those
therapeutic components that are effective in the treatment of
dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis as well as the
symptoms associated therewith. Examples of such suitable benefits
agents nonexclusively include zinc pyrithione, anthralin, shale oil
and derivatives thereof such as sulfonated shale oil, selenium
sulfide, sulfur; salicylic acid; coal tar; povidone-iodine,
imidazoles such as ketoconazole, dichlorophenyl imidazolodioxalan,
which is commercially available from Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V.,
under the tradename, "Elubiol", clotrimazole, itraconazole,
miconazole, climbazole, tioconazole, sulconazole, butoconazole,
fluconazole, miconazole nitrate and any possible stereo isomers and
derivatives thereof; piroctone olamine (Octopirox); selenium
sulfide; ciclopirox olamine; anti-psoriasis agents such as vitamin
D analogs, e.g. calcipotriol, calcitriol, and tacaleitrol; vitamin
A analogs such as esters of vitamin A, e.g. vitamin A palmitate,
retinoids, retinols, and retinoic acid; corticosteroids such as
hydrocortisone, clobetasone, butyrate, clobetasol propionate and
mixtures thereof.
[0134] The amount of benefit agent to be combined with the
cleansing composition or the emulsion may vary depending upon, for
example, the ability of the benefit agent to penetrate through the
skin, hair or nail, the specific benefit agent chosen, the
particular benefit desired, the sensitivity of the user to the
benefit agent, the health condition, age, and skin, hair, and/or
nail condition of the user, and the like. In sum, the benefit agent
is used in a "safe and effective amount," which is an amount that
is high enough to deliver a desired skin, hair or nail benefit or
to modify a certain condition to be treated, but is low enough to
avoid serious side effects, at a reasonable risk to benefit ratio
within the scope of sound medical judgment. Unless otherwise
expressed herein, typically the benefit agent is present in the
cleansing system in an amount, based upon the total weight of the
system, from about 0.01 percent to about 20.0 percent, and
preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 5.0 percent, and more
preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 2.0 percent.
[0135] Optionally, commercially available detergent thickeners that
are capable of imparting the appropriate viscosity to conditioning
shampoo compositions are suitable for use in this invention. If
used, the detergent thickeners should be present in the shampoo
compositions in an amount sufficient to raise the Brookfield
viscosity of the composition to a value of between about 500 to
about 10,000 centipoise. Examples of suitable detergent thickeners
nonexclusively include: mono or diesters of polyethylene glycol of
formula IV.
HO--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.zH IV.
[0136] wherein z is an integer from about 3 to about 200;
[0137] fatty acids containing from about 16 to about 22 carbon
atoms; fatty acid esters of ethoxylated polyols; ethoxylated
derivatives of mono and diesters of fatty acids and glycerine;
hydroxyalkyl cellulose; alkyl cellulose; hydroxyalkyl alkyl
cellulose; and mixtures thereof. More specifically, suitable
detergent thickeners nonexclusively include behenalkonium chloride;
cetyl alcohol, quaternium-46, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cocodimonium
chloride, polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, quaternium-18, PEG-18
glycerol oleate/cocoate, a mixture of acrylates/steareth-50
acrylate copolymer, laureth-3 and propylene glycol, which is
commercially available from Goldschmidt under the tradename "Antil
208," a mixture of cocamidopropylbetaine and glyceryl laurate which
is commercially available from Goldschmidt under the tradename,
"Antil HS60," a mixture of propylene glycol, PEG 55, and propylene
glycol oleate, which is commercially available from Goldschmidt
under the tradename, "Antil 414 liquid," and mixtures thereof.
Preferred detergent thickeners include polyethylene glycol ester,
and more preferably PEG-150 distearate which is available from the
Stepan Company of Northfield, Ill. or from Comiel, S.p.A. of
Bologna, Italy under the tradename, "PEG 6000 DS".
[0138] The above described cleansing composition and cleaning
system may be prepared by combining the desired components in a
suitable container and mixing them under ambient conditions in any
conventional mixing means well known in the art, such as a
mechanically stirred propeller, paddle, and the like.
[0139] In another preferred embodiment of the cleaning system of
the present invention wherein a polymeric emulsifier such as, for
example, polyethylene glycol-30 dipolyhydroxystearate (hereinafter
"PEG 30") or dimethicone copolyol, are used and water is used as
the vehicle, an oil-in-water emulsion may be produced. Although
both the PEG 30 and dimethicone copolyol are marketed for use in
formulating water-in-oil compositions, we have unexpectedly found
that oil-in-water emulsions may be created due to the unique
processing steps and conditions employed herein. More specifically,
we found that when a thickening agent, preferably a hydrophilic
thickening agent, is neutralized in the hydrophilic phase of the
present invention comprising a polymeric emulsifier prior to adding
the lipophilic phase of the present invention thereto, the
resulting emulsion is in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion.
Conversely, when a thickening agent, preferably a hydrophilic
thickening agent, is neutralized in the hydrophilic phase of the
present invention comprising a polymeric emulsifier after the
lipophilic phase of the present invention is added to the
hydrophilic phase, the resulting emulsion is unexpectedly in the
form of a oil-in-water emulsion.
[0140] Cleansing systems of the present invention that are
emulsions may contain, based upon the total weight of the emulsion,
from about 0.01 percent to about 2 percent, and preferably from
about 0.01 percent to about 0.5 percent of hydrophilic thickeners.
Suitable neutralizers include any known bases, such as sodium
hydroxide, or acids, such as lactic acid, that are capable of
neutralizing the hydrophilic thickening agent, in either the
hydrophilic phase (if a water-in-oil emulsion is desired) or a
mixture of both the hydrophilic phase and the lipophilic phase (if
an oil-in-water emulsion is desired) of the present invention to a
pH of about 5 to about 7 under ambient temperature. In one
embodiment, hydrophilic thickeners including
acrylates/aminoacrylates copolymer, acrylates/steareth-20 itaconate
copolymer, acrylates/ceteth-20 itaconate copolymer, are preferably
neutralized with an acid, such as lactic acid. Hydrophilic
thickeners including carbomers, modified hydroxyethylcellulose,
polyvinylacetate/maleic anhydride (PVA/MA) decadiene crosspolymer,
and acrylates/steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, are preferably
neutralized with a base, such as sodium hydroxide (20%).
[0141] In one embodiment, the hydrophilic phase may be comprised of
one or more of the following components: water, thickener,
cleansing enhancer, nonfoaming surfactant, and water dispersible
component, and the lipophilic phase may be comprised of one or more
of the following components: silicone, ester, and polymeric
emulsifier.
[0142] We have also surprisingly found that the cleansing system of
the present invention possesses good aesthetic properties without
causing any significant ocular discomfort to the user. It is
well-known in the art that most emulsifiers having a relatively low
molecular weight are irritating regardless of their hydrophilic
lipophilic balance ("HLB") value. However, we have surprisingly
found that when the cleansing system of the present invention is
produced using the particular polymeric emulsifiers and/or
thickeners set forth herein, the resulting cleanser is gentle and
possesses a low degree of ocular and skin irritation.
[0143] Another embodiment of this invention is directed to a
foaming composition comprising, based upon the foaming composition,
from about 0.1 percent to about 30 percent, e.g. from about 0.1
percent to about 5 percent of a water dispersible component; from
about 0.1 percent to about 30 percent, e.g. from about 0.1 percent
to about 5 percent of an ester; from about 1.0 percent to about 98
percent, e.g. from about 30 percent to about 98 percent or from
about 45 percent to about 90 percent of water; and from about 2.0
percent to about 20 percent, e.g. from about 5.0 percent to about
15 percent of a foaming surfactant. Optionally, the foaming
composition may also be comprised of one or more of the following
components, based upon the total weight of the foaming composition:
a) from about 0.1 percent to 5 percent, e.g. from about 0.5 percent
to about 1.5 percent of a polymeric emulsifier, a thickener, or
mixture thereof; b) from about 0.1 percent to about 5 percent, e.g.
from about 1 percent to about 3 percent of a cleaning enhancer; c)
from about 0.001 percent to about 5 percent of a benefit agent; and
d) from about 0.1 percent to about 30 percent, e.g. from about 0.1
percent to about 5 percent of a liquid silicone.
[0144] Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a
method for depositing a benefit agent onto the skin, hair and/or
nails comprised of applying either the above-described cleansing
system or cleansing composition with an effective amount of a
benefit agent to a desired location on a human or animal. While the
frequency and amount of the benefit agent-containing cleaning
system to be applied will depend upon, for example, the type and
amount of benefit agent available, the intended usage of the final
composition, i.e. therapeutic versus maintenance regimen, the
amount and type of detergent present, and the sensitivity of the
individual user to the composition/emulsion, typically the benefit
agent-containing cleaning system of the present invention should be
topically applied to affected body parts at regular intervals, and
preferably from about 2 to about 14 times per week. More
preferably, the composition/emulsion is applied more frequently
during the initial stages of treatment, e.g. from about 5 to about
7 times per week until the desired effect is achieved, then less
frequently when maintenance is desired, e.g. from about 2 to about
5 times per week.
[0145] We have unexpectedly found that the above-described
cleansing composition and cleansing system are capable of
efficiently mediating the deposition and permeation of various
benefit agents, such as antidandruff agents, onto and into the skin
following topical administration thereto. More specifically, we
have surprisingly found that when benefit agents are combined with
either the cleansing composition or the cleaning system of the
present invention, the amount of benefit agents deposited onto
and/or into the skin, hair, and/or nails is about 50% greater than
the amount of benefit agents deposited onto and/or into the skin,
hair, and/or nails after application of known, commercial benefit
agent-containing cleansers.
[0146] An alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention
is directed to a method for treating hair loss, such as hair loss
resulting from alopecia, comprising topically applying the
above-described cleaning system and the hair loss benefit agent to
a desired location on an animal or human, wherein the benefit agent
is comprised of an effective amount of a hair loss treatment agent
such as minoxidil or mixture thereof. As used herein, "hair loss
treatment agents" shall include agents capable of growing hair
and/or agents capable of preventing the loss of hair. By "effective
amount," it is meant an amount effective for treating hair loss and
preferably may range from, based upon the total weight of the
cleansing system, from about 0.001 percent to about 20 percent, and
preferably from about 1 percent to about 5 percent.
[0147] Examples of benefit agents suitable for treating hair loss
include, but are not limited to potassium channel openers or
peripheral vasodilators such as minoxidil, diazoxide, and compounds
such as N*-cyano-N-(tert-pentyl)-N'-3-pyridinyl-guanidine
("P-1075") as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,244,664, which is
incorporated herein by reference; vitamins, such as vitamin E and
vitamin C, and derivatives thereof such as vitamin E acetate and
vitamin C palmitate; hormones, such as erythropoietin,
prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin EI and prostaglandin
F2-alpha; fatty acids, such as oleic acid; diruretics such as
spironolactone; heat shock proteins (`HSP"), such as HSP 27 and HSP
72; calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil HCL, nifedipine,
and diltiazemamiloride; immunosuppressant drugs, such as
cyclosporin and Fk-506; 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors such as
finasteride; growth factors such as, EGF, IGF and FGF; transforming
growth factor beta; tumor necrosis factor; non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory agents such as benoxaprofen; retinoids such as
tretinoin; cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta; cell
adhesion molecules such as ICAM; glucorcorticoids such as
betametasone; botanical extracts such as aloe, clove, ginseng,
rehmannia, swertia, sweet orange, zanthoxylum, Serenoa repens (saw
palmetto), Hypoxis rooperi, stinging nettle, pumpkin seeds, and rye
pollen; other botanical extracts including sandlewood, red beet
root, chrysanthemum, rosemary, burdock root and other hair growth
promoter activators which are disclosed in DE 4330597 which is
incorporated by reference in its entirety herein; homeopathic
agents such as Kalium Phosphoricum D2, Azadirachta indica D2, and
Joborandi DI; genes for cytokines, growth factors, and
male-pattered baldness; antifungals such as ketoconazole and
elubiol; antibiotics such as streptomycin; proteins inhibitors such
as cycloheximide; acetazolamide; benoxaprofen; cortisone;
diltiazem; hexachlorobenzene; hydantoin; nifedipine; penicillamine;
phenothaiazines; pinacidil; psoralens, verapamil; zidovudine;
alpha-glucosylated rutin having at least one of the following
rutins: quercetin, isoquercitrin, hespeddin, naringin, and
methylhesperidin, and flavonoids and transglycosidated derivatives
thereof which are all disclosed in JP 7002677, which is
incorporated by reference in its entirety herein; and mixtures
thereof.
[0148] Preferred hair loss treatment agents include minoxidil,
6-(I-piperdinyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine-3-oxide,
N'-cyano-N-(tert-pentyl)-- N'-3-pyridinyl-guanidine, finasteride,
retinoids and derivatives thereof, ketoconazole, elubiol or
mixtures thereof.
[0149] Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a
method for inhibiting hair growth comprising topically applying the
above-described composition/system combined with a benefit agent to
a desired area on an animal or human for inhibiting hair growth,
wherein the benefit agent is comprised of an effective amount of a
hair growth inhibiting agent. In a preferred embodiment, the
cleaning system contains, based upon the total weight of the
cleaning system, from about 0.001 percent to about 20 percent, and
preferably from about 0.01 percent to about 5 percent hair growth
inhibiting agent.
[0150] Examples of benefit agents suitable for use in inhibiting
hair growth include: serine proteases such as trypsin; vitamins
such as alpha-tocophenol (vitamin E) and derivatives thereof such
as tocophenol acetate and tocophenol palmitate; antineoplastic
agents, such as doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, chlormethine,
methotrexate, fluorouracil, vincristine, daunorubicin, bleomycin
and hydroxycarbamide; anticoagulants, such as heparin, heparinoids,
coumaerins, detran and indandiones; antithyroid drugs, such as
iodine, thiouracils and carbimazole; lithium and lithium carbonate;
interferons, such as interferon alpha, interferon alpha-2a and
interferon alpha-2b; retinoids, such as retinol (vitamin A),
isotretinoin: glucocorticoids such as betamethasone, and
dexamethosone; antihyperlipidaemic drugs, such as triparanol and
clofibrate; thallium; mercury; albendazole; allopurinol;
amiodarone; amphetamines; androgens; bromocriptine; butyrophenones;
carbamazepine; cholestyramine; cimetidine; clofibrate; danazol;
desipramine; dixyrazine; ethambutol; etionamide; fluoxetine;
gentamicin, gold salts; hydantoins; ibuprofen; impramine;
immunoglobulins; indandiones; indomethacin; intraconazole;
levadopa; maprotiline; methysergide; metoprolol; metyrapone;
nadolol; nicotinic acid; potassium thiocyanate; propranolol;
pyridostimine; salicylates; sulfasalazine; terfenadine;
thiamphenicol; thiouracils; trimethadione; troparanol; valproic
acid; and mixtures thereof.
[0151] Preferred hair growth inhibitory agents include serene
proteases, retinol, isotretinoin, betamethoisone, alpha-tocophenol
and derivatives thereof, or mixtures thereof.
[0152] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is
directed to a method for treating acne and for reducing the signs
of aging, i.e. wrinkles, fine lines, and other manifestations of
photodamage, comprising topically applying the above-described
cleaning system and the relevant benefit agent to the skin of an
animal or human at a desired area, wherein the benefit agent is
comprised of an effective amount of an anti-acne agent or an
anti-aging agent, respectively.
[0153] Examples of suitable anti-aging agents include, but are not
limited to inorganic sunscreens such as titanium dioxide and zinc
oxide; organic sunscreens such as octyl-methoxy cinnamates and
derivatives thereof; retinoids; vitamins such as vitamin E, vitamin
A, vitamin C, vitamin B, and derivatives thereof such as vitamin E
acetate, vitamin C palmitate, and the like; antioxidants including
beta carotene, alpha hydroxy acids such as glycolic acid, citric
acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, ascorbic acid,
alpha-hydroxybutyric acid, alpha-hydroxyisobutyric acid,
alpha-hydroxyisocaproic acid, atrrolactic acid,
alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid, ethyl pyruvate, galacturonic acid,
glucoheptonic acid, glucoheptono 1,4-lactone, gluconic acid,
gluconolactone, glucuronic acid, glucuronolactone, glycolic acid,
isopropyl pyruvate, methyl pyruvate, mucic acid, pyruvic acid,
saccharic acid, saccaric acid 1,4-lactone, tartaric acid, and
tartronic acid; beta hydroxy acids such as beta-hydroxybutyric
acid, beta-phenyl-lactic acid, beta-phenylpyruvic acid; botanical
extracts such as green tea, soy, milk thistle, algae, aloe,
angelica, bitter orange, coffee, goldthread, grapefruit, hoellen,
honeysuckle, Job's tears, lithospermum, mulberry, peony, puerarua,
nice, safflower, and mixtures thereof.
[0154] Preferred anti-aging agents include retinoids,
anti-oxidants, alpha-hydroxy acids and beta-hydroxy acid with
retinol and tretinoin being most preferred.
[0155] Suitable amounts of anti-aging agents include, based upon
the total weight of the described cleaning system, from about 0.01
percent to about 20 percent, and preferably from about 0.04 percent
to about 5 percent.
[0156] Examples of suitable anti-acne agents include, but are not
limited to topical retinoids (tretinoin, isotretinoin, motretinide,
adapalene, tazarotene, azelaic acid, retinol); salicylic acid;
benzoyl peroxide; resorcinol; antibiotics such as tetracycline and
isomers thereof, erythromycin, and the anti-inflammatory agents
such as ibuprofen, naproxen, hetprofen; botanical extracts such as
alnus, arnica, artemisia capillaris, asiasarum root, birrh,
calendula, chamomile, cnidium, comfrey, fennel, galla rhois,
hawthorn, houttuynia, hypericum, jujube, kiwi, licorice, magnolia,
olive, peppermint, philodendron, salvia, sasa albo-marginata;
imidazoles such as ketoconazole and elubiol, and those described in
Gollnick, H et al. 196(I) Dermatology Sebaceous Glands, Acne and
Related Disorders, 119-157 (1998), which is incorporated by
reference herein, and mixtures thereof.
[0157] Preferred anti-acne agents include benzoyl peroxide,
retinol, elubiol, antibiotics, and salicylic acid, with retinol and
tretinoin being most preferred.
[0158] Suitable amount of anti-acne agents include, based upon the
total weight of the described cleaning system, from about 0.01
percent to about 10 percent, and preferably from about 0.04 percent
to about 5 percent.
[0159] Another preferred embodiment of the present invention is
directed to a method for depigmenting the skin, comprising
topically applying to skin at a desired area the above-described
cleaning system and an effective amount of the depigmentation
benefit agent. Suitable effective amounts of depigmentation agents
include, based upon the total weight of the described cleaning
system, from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent, and preferably
from about 0.04 percent to about 5 percent.
[0160] Examples of suitable depigmentation agents include, but are
not limited to soy and derivatives thereof, retinoids such as
retinol; Kojic acid and its derivatives such as, for example, kojic
dipalmitate; hydroquinone and it derivatives such as arbutin;
transexamic acid; vitamins such as niacin, vitamin C and its
derivatives; azelaic acid; placertia; licorice; extracts such as
chamomile and green tea, and mixtures thereof, with retinol, Kojic
acid, and hydroquinone, being preferred.
[0161] An alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention
is directed to a method for treating the symptoms and/or the
diseases of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis and/or psoriasis,
comprising topically applying the above-described cleaning system
and the relevant benefit agent to a location desired wherein the
benefit agent is comprised of an effective amount of a dandruff
treatment agent, a seborrheic dermatitis treatment agent, or a
psoriasis treatment agent, respectively. As used herein, "dandruff
treatment agent," "seborrheic dermatitis treatment agent," or a
"psoriasis treatment agent," respectively, shall include agents
capable of treating the symptoms and/or the diseases of dandruff,
seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis, respectively. By "effective
amount," it is meant an amount effective for treating the disease
and/or the symptoms associated therewith and preferably may range
from, based upon the total weight of the cleaning system, from
about 0.001 percent to about 10 percent, and preferably from about
0.01 percent to about 5 percent.
[0162] Examples of benefit agents suitable for treating the
symptoms and/or the diseases of dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis
and/or psoriasis, respectively, nonexclusively include those set
forth above with shale oil and derivatives thereof, elubiol,
ketoconazole, coal tar, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, selenium
sulfide, hydrocortisone, sulfur, menthol, pramoxine hydrochloride,
and mixtures thereof being particularly preferred.
[0163] The compositions of the present invention may be directed
applied to the skin or may be applied onto other delivery
implements such as wipes, sponges, brushes, and the like. The
compositions may be used in products designed to be left on the
skin, wiped from the skin, or rinsed off of the skin.
[0164] The invention illustratively disclosed herein suitably may
be practiced in the absence of any component, ingredient, or step
which is not specifically disclosed herein. Several examples are
set forth below to further illustrate the nature of the invention
and the manner of carrying it out. However, the invention should
not be considered as being limited to the details thereof.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
Preparation of Oil in Water Emulsion Incorporating a Polymeric
Emulsifier
[0165] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0166] 11 g of PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, available from
Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename "Arlacel P-135," 50 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," 50 g of a mixture of hexyldecyl benzoate and
butyloctyl benzoate, available from C.P. Hall Company under the
tradename, "Hallstar AB," and 50 g of cyclomethicone available from
Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 344 Fluid" were combined into
a glass beaker containing a propeller stirrer and heated to a
temperature of 60.degree. C. until homogeneous.
[0167] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0168] Into a primary glass beaker containing 795 g of deionized
water, 5 g of PEG-8 caprylic/capric glycerides available from
Trivent Inc. under the tradename, "Trivasol BW" was added thereto
with stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. For aiding in
dispersion of the thickener in the formulation, 4 g of carbomer
available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the tradename, "Carbopol
Ultrez" were added to 30 g of dimethylisosorbide available from
Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename, "Arlasolve DMI" in a separate
beaker with hand stirring.
[0169] Into the dimethylisosorbide mixture was then added 2 g. of
methylparaben and 1 g of propylparaben with hand stirring until
homogeneous to produce a pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then
added to the primary glass beaker with constant stirring until the
resulting mixture was homogeneous.
[0170] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0171] The lipophilic phase was then added to the hydrophilic phase
with constant stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. 2 g of
triethanolamine available from Union Carbide under the tradename,
"Trolamine 99%" was then added to the resulting mixture with
stirring until homogeneous.
Example 2: Preparation of Polymeric Emulsifier-Free Oil in Water
Emulsion
[0172] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0173] 20 g of isostearyl palmitate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate OP," 20 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," 20 g of cetyl octanoate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate CIO," 20 g of
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate available from Brooks Industries,
under the tradename "Loronate PT," and 20 g of cyclomethicone
available from Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid"
were combined into a glass beaker at a temperature of 25.degree. C.
and stirred until homogeneous.
[0174] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0175] Into a primary glass beaker containing 859.7 g of deionized
water, 5 g of carbomer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the
tradename, "Carbopol Ultrez" was added thereto with stirring at a
temperature of 25.degree. C. until homogenous. Into a separate
beaker was added 7.5 g. of sucrose cocoate available from Croda,
Inc. under the tradename, "Crodesta SL-40," 7.5 g. of PEG-6
Capric/caprylic glycerides available from Croda, Inc. under the
tradename, "Glycerox 767," 10 g of hexylene glycol, 3 g. of
methylparaben and 0.5 g of propylparaben with hand stirring until
homogeneous to produce a pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then
added to the primary glass beaker with constant stirring until the
resulting mixture was homogeneous.
[0176] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0177] After the lipophilic phase was added to the hydrophilic
phase with constant stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous,
6.8 g. of a 20% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was then added
thereto with stirring at a temperature of 25.degree. C. The
resulting mixture was then mixed for 15 minutes.
Example 3
Use of Emulsions to Remove Make-Up
[0178] Onto 3 respective 1/2 inch by 1 inch rectangle areas located
on the forearms of Caucasian women were applied each of the
make-ups described in Table A below:
1TABLE A Types of Make-Up Type of Make-up Supplier Tradename/Color
Foundation Revlon "Colorstay Make-Up" - in "Mocha" Lipstick Estee
Lauder "All Day Lipstick" - in "Regal Red" Mascara Revlon
"Colorstay Lashcolor Waterproof" - in "Navy"
[0179] After dipping a wooden applicator from Scientific Products
into the foundation, the foundation was spread throughout the
designated area and evenly distributed therein with a finger
cot.
[0180] The lipstick was directly applied to the designated area and
evenly distributed therein with a finger cot.
[0181] The mascara was spread with its wand in the designated
rectangular area and evenly distributed therein with a finger
cot.
[0182] After the make-up dried for 30 minutes at room temperature,
0.8 ml of the emulsion of Example 1 was dispensed via syringe
across all three test sites. Using a wooden tongue depressor, the
emulsion was rubbed across all three test sites in a rapid,
circular motion for 30 seconds. Then, each of the three test sites
were gently wiped with a Kim-wipe.
[0183] This procedure was repeated but wherein the emulsion was
replaced with the following respective cleansing products: a)
"Galenic," which is available from Laboratoires Galenic, a division
of PIERRE FABRE, under the tradename, "Lait Demaquillant Hydratant
(Moisturizing Cleansing Milk);" b) "Cetaphil," which is available
from GALDERMA INTERNATIONAL under the tradename, "Lotion
Nettoyante/Haute Tolerance (pour peaux sensibles);" c) "pH 5.5
3-in-1," which is available from JOHNSON & JOHNSON LIMITED
under the tradename, "JOHNSON's pH 5.5--3 in 1 Facial Cleanser;" d)
"Vichy," which is available from VICHY LABORATORIES under the
tradename, "Demaquillant Integral (a l'eau thermale apaisante);" e)
"Oil of Olay," which is commercially available from THE PROCTER
& GAMBLE COMPANY under the tradename, "Oil of Olay Facial
Cleansing Lotion;" and f) "F # 8626-015," which is similar to the
formulation as set forth in Example 2, except as follows in Table B
below:
2TABLE B Contrast of Example 2 formulation with formula 8626-015:
Modified Example 2 Example 2 Formulation (F # 8626-015) Component
0.3% (3 grams) 0.2% (2 grams) methylparaben 0.05% (0.5 grams) 0.1%
(1 gram) Propylparaben 85.97% (859.7 grams) 86.02% (860.2 grams)
Water
[0184] Photographs of the test sites were obtained after the
make-up was applied and after the three sites were rubbed with the
above six products as shown in FIG. 1.
[0185] As evidenced in FIG. 1, the emulsion of modified Example 2
was superior with respect to removal of mascara, foundation, and
lipstick in comparison to the other cleansers. The emulsion of
Example 1 (not shown in FIG. 1) also was effective in removing all
three types of make-up. This Example showed that the emulsions of
the present invention are superior with respect to known commercial
cleansers in removing a variety of make-up types from the skin.
Example 4
Preparation of Shower Gel Containing Sunscreen
[0186] A composition containing the following ingredients as set
forth in Table C is prepared as follows:
3TABLE C Composition of Shower Gel Containing Sunscreen Tradename
Chemical Name Weight (g) Supplier WATER PHASE -- Deionized 696.5 --
water -- Methylparaben 3 -- Comperian Cocamide MEA 30 Henkel 100K
Corporation Planteren Lauryl 50 Henkel 1200N glucoside Corporation
Schercomid PEG-50-Tallow 50 Scher Chemical HT 60 Amide Corporation
Hexylene glycol 10 Standamox Cocamidopropyl- 50 Henkel CAW amine
oxide Corporation OIL PHASE Hallstar Hexyldecyl 50 C. P. Hall AB
benzoate & Company butyloctyl benzoate Arlacel PEG-30 30
Uniqema, Inc. P-135 Dipolyhydroxy- stearate Neo Heliopan Menthyl 30
Haarmann & anthranilate Reimer POST ADDITION Crothix PEG 150
penta- 10 Croda Inc. Liquid erythrityl tetrastearate & PEG-6
caprylic/capric glycerides & water Kathon CG Methylchloro- 0.5
Rohm & Haas isothiazolinone & methyliso- thiazonlinone
[0187] After heating the deionized water to a temperature of about
75.degree. C. to about 80.degree. C. in a beaker, the hexylene
glycol followed by the methylparaben is added thereto with mixing
until solubilized. The cocamide MEA followed by the lauryl
glucoside is then added thereto sequentially at constant
temperature. The PEG-50 tallow amide is then melted and added to
the resulting mixture at constant temperature. The
cocamidopropylamine oxide is then added thereto at constant
temperature to form a water phase premixture.
[0188] In another beaker, all of the oil phase components are
combined with mixing at a temperature of about 75.degree. C. to
about 80.degree. C. until uniform to form an oil phase premixture.
The oil phase premixture is then added to the water phase
premixture at constant temperature. The "Crothix Liquid" component
is then added thereto with mixing until uniform, then the
temperature is lowered to about 50.degree. C. The "Kathon CG"
component is then added thereto, and the resulting mixture is
cooled to room temperature.
[0189] The resulting cleansing formulation will possess excellent
foaming properties and, after rinsing, will leave the skin with a
light, moisturized feeling. Moreover, an effective amount of
sunscreen agent will be deposited on the skin after rinsing the
formulation from the skin with water.
Examples 5 and 6
Preparation of Foaming Anti-Acne Shower Gels
[0190] The composition of Example 5 containing the following
ingredients as set forth in Table D is prepared as follows:
4TABLE D Compositions of Foaming Shower Gel Wt % Wt % Tradename
Chemical Name Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Supplier WATER PHASE -- Deionized 49.440
49.654 -- water -- Methylparaben 0.3 0.3 -- Comperian Cocamide MEA
3.0 3.0 Henkel 100K Corporation Planteren Lauryl 5.0 5.0 Henkel
1200N glucoside Corporation Schercomid PEG-50 5.0 5.0 Scher HT 50
Tallow Amide Chemical Co. Standamox Cocamido- 5.0 5.0 Henkel CAW
propylamine Corporation oxide Schercoquat Quaternium 61 2.0 2.0
Scher DAS Chemical Co. Jaguar C17 Guar hydroxy- 0.5 0.5 Rhodia
propyl trimonium chloride Glycerin 5.0 5.0 -- Deionized 10 10 --
water Citric acid 0.566 0.490 -- (20% soln) OIL PHASE Abil EM 90
Cetyl 0.0 3.0 Goldschmidt dimethicone Chemical copolyol Corporation
Artacel P-135 PEG-30 3.0 0.0 Unichema, Dipolyhydroxy- Inc. stearate
Wickenol 151 Isononyl 1.0 1.0 Alzo isononanoate Volpo L3 Laureth-3
5.0 5.0 Croda, Inc. Special POST ADDITION Arlasolve Dimethyl 4.0
4.0 Croda Inc. DMI isosorbide Salicylic Salicylic acid 2.0 2.0 --
acid NaOH (10%) Sodium 0.144 none -- hydroxide Kathon CG Methyl-
0.050 0.050 Rohm & Haas chloroiso- thiazolinone &
methyliso- thiazonlinone
[0191] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase
[0192] The water phase premixture is prepared in accordance with
Example 3, but with the following additional steps: The
quaternium-61 is added with mixing to the mixture after the
addition of the cocamidopropyl amine oxide thereto at constant
temperature until homogeneous.
[0193] In a separate glass beaker equipped with a propeller, the
guar hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride and the glycerin are combined
with stirring. The additional deionized water is then slowly added
thereto with constant stirring. The resulting mixture is then mixed
for about 15 minutes, then acidified with the citric acid solution.
The acidified solution is then added to the water phase premixture
with stirring at a temperature of about 75.degree. C. to about
80.degree. C. until homogeneous.
[0194] Preparation of Oil Phase
[0195] PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate is combined with the laureth-3
in another beaker with mixing at a temperature of about 75.degree.
C. to about 80.degree. C. to form an oil phase premixture.
[0196] The oil phase premixture is then added to the water phase
premixture with mixing at constant temperature.
[0197] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0198] The lipophilic phase is added to the hydrophilic phase with
constant stirring at 75.degree. C. until homogenous. After the
temperature of the resulting mixture is lowered to 50.degree. C.
with continuous stirring, a premixed solution of 40 grams of
Dimethyl Isosorbide available from Uniqema Inc. under the tradename
"Arlasolve DMI" and 20 grams of salicylic acid are added thereto
with stirring. After the temperature of the resulting mixture is
lowered to 30.degree. C., its pH is adjusted to approximately 3.1
by adding 1.4 grams of a 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with
continued stirring until the temperature of the resulting mixture
reaches 25.degree. C.
[0199] This process is repeated for the formulation of Example 6,
but the PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate is replaced with cetyl
dimethicone copolyol.
[0200] The above formulations will result in gels that possess good
foaming properties as well as leave the skin with a pleasant,
lightly moisturized "after feel" due to the effective deposition of
the humectant. Similarly, the formulations will be useful as
anti-acne formulations due to their ability to effectively deposit
the salicylic acid component into and onto the skin.
Example 7
Preparation of Foaming Gel Containing Sunscreen
[0201] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0202] Into a primary glass beaker equipped with a propeller
containing 667 grams of deionized water, 30 grams of Hexylene
Glycol available from Shell Chemical Company and 3 grams of
methylparaben are added thereto stirring at 75.degree. C. until
homogenous. While maintaining the agitation and temperature as
constant, 30 grams of cocomonoethanolamide (100% active) available
from Henkel Corporation under the tradename "Comperlan 100K", 50
grams of Lauryl Glucoside (50% active) available from Henkel
Corporation under the tradename "Plantaren 1200N", 50 grams of
PEG-50 Tallow Amide (100% active) available from Scher Chemical
Corporation under the tradename "Schercomid HT 60", and 50 grams of
Cocamidopropylamine Oxide (30% active) available from Henkel
Corporation under the tradename "Standamox CAW" are added to this
aqueous mixture and mixed until homogenous.
[0203] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0204] 50 grams of Hexyldecyl Benzoate and Butyloctyl Benzoate
available from C.P. Hall Co. under the tradename "HallStar AB", 30
grams of PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate available from Unichema, Inc.
under the tradename "Arlacel P135" and 30 grams of Menthyl
Anthranilate available from Haarmann & Reimer Corp. under the
tradename "Neo Heliopan MA" are combined into another glass beaker
equipped with a propeller and stirred until homogenous with heat
until the resulting lipophilic mixture was at a temperature of
75.degree. C.
[0205] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0206] The lipophilic phase is then added to the hydrophilic phase
with constant stirring at 75.degree. C. 10 grams of a mixture of
PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate, PEG-6 Caprylic/Capric
Glycerides, and Water available from Croda Inc. under the tradename
"Crothix Liquid" is then added thereto. The resulting mixture is
then stirred at 75.degree. C. until homogenous, then cooled to room
temperature with constant stirring.
[0207] The resulting cleansing formulation possesses excellent
foaming properties and, after rinsing, leaves the skin with a
light, moisturized feeling. The formulation also effectively
deposits the sunscreen agent into and onto the skin.
Example 8
Preparation of Foaming Acne Wash
[0208] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0209] Into a primary glass beaker equipped with a propeller
stirrer containing 414.9 grams of deionized water, 3 grams of
methylparaben are added thereto at 75.degree. C. until homogenous.
While maintaining constant agitation and temperature, 30 grams of
cocomonoethanolamide (100% active) available from Henkel
Corporation under the tradename "Comperlan 100K", 50 grams of
Lauryl Glucoside (50% active) available from Henkel Corporation
under the tradename "Plantaren 1200N", 50 grams of PEG-50 Tallow
Amide (100% active) available from Scher Chemical Corporation under
the tradename "Schercomid HT 60", 50 grams of Cocamidopropylamine
Oxide (30% active) available from Henkel Corporation under the
tradename "Standamox CAW", and 20 grams of Quaternium-61 (90%
active) available from Scher Chemical Corporation under the
tradename "Schercoquat DAS" are added to this aqueous mixture and
mixed until homogenous to form a primary hydrophilic phase.
[0210] 5 grams of Guar Hydroxypropyl Trimonium Chloride available
from Rhodia Inc. under the tradename "Jaguar C17" is combined with
stirring with 50 grams of glycerin into a separate glass beaker
equipped with a propeller stirrer. 100 grams of deionized water is
slowly added with mixing to this mixture at constant temperature.
After the resulting mixture is mixed for 15 minutes until
homogenous, the mixture is acidified with 5.7 grams of a 20%
aqueous solution of citric acid. After the acidified mixture is
added to the primary hydrophilic phase, the resulting hydrophilic
mixture is stirred at 75.degree. C. until homogenous.
[0211] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0212] 50 grams of Isopropyl PPG-2-Isodeceth-7 Carboxylate
available from Clariant Corporation under the tradename "Velsan
D8P-3", 30 grams of PEG-30 Dipolyhydroxystearate available from
Unichema, Inc. under the tradename "Arlacel P135" and 30 grams of
Laureth-3 (100% active) available from Croda Inc. are combined with
stirring into a glass beaker equipped with a propeller stirrer
until homogenous and heated to a temperature of 75.degree. C.
[0213] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0214] The lipophilic phase is added to the hydrophilic phase with
constant stirring at 75.degree. C. until homogenous. After the
temperature of the resulting mixture is lowered to 50.degree. C.
with continuous stirring, a premixed solution of 40 grams of
Dimethyl Isosorbide available from Unichema Inc. under the
tradename "Arlasolve DMI" and 20 grams of salicylic acid is added
thereto with stirring. After the temperature of the resulting
mixture is lowered to 30.degree. C., its pH is adjusted to
approximately 3.1 by adding 1.4 grams of a 10% aqueous sodium
hydroxide solution with continued stirring until the temperature of
the resulting mixture reaches 25.degree. C.
[0215] The resulting wash product will not only possess excellent
foaming properties but will also be an effective anti-acne product
due to its ability to deposit the anti-active agent into and onto
the skin.
Example 9
Preparation of Water-in-Oil Emulsion
[0216] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0217] 20 g of isostearyl palmitate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate OP," 20 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," 20 g of cetyl octanoate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate CIO," 20 g of
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate available from Brooks Industries,
under the tradename "Loronate PT," and 20 g of cyclomethicone
available from Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid"
were combined into a glass beaker at a temperature of 25.degree. C.
and stirred until homogeneous.
[0218] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0219] Into a primary glass beaker containing 859.7 g of deionized
water, 5 g of carbomer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the
tradename, "Carbopol Ultrez" was added thereto with stirring at a
temperature of 25.degree. C. until homogenous. Into a separate
beaker was added 7.5 g. of sucrose cocoate available from Croda,
Inc. under the tradename, "Crodesta SL-40," 7.5 g. of PEG-6
Capric/caprylic glycerides available from Croda, Inc. under the
tradename, "Glycerox 767," 10 g of hexylene glycol, 3 g. of
methylparaben and 0.5 g of propylparaben with hand stirring until
homogeneous to produce a pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then
added to the primary glass beaker with constant stirring until the
resulting mixture was homogeneous.
[0220] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0221] After the 6.8 g. of a 20% aqueous solution of sodium
hydroxide was added to the hydrophilic phase with constant stirring
at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous, the lipophilic phase was added
thereto with stirring at a temperature of 25.degree. C. The
resulting mixture was then mixed for 15 minutes.
Example 10
Preparation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion Containing Retinol
[0222] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0223] 11 g of PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, available from
Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename "Arlacel P-135," 50 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," and 50 g of a mixture of hexyldecyl benzoate and
butyloctyl benzoate, available from C.P. Hall Company under the
tradename, "Hallstar AB" were combined with continous mixing in a
vessel and heated to a temperature of 45.degree. C. until
homogeneous. After the mixture was cooled to a temperature of
25.degree. C., 50 g of cyclomethicone available from Dow Corning
under the tradename, "Dow 344 Fluid" and 6.9 g of a mixture of
vitamin A alcohol and polysorbate 20 in a 1:1 weight ratio were
added thereto with continuous mixing under an Argon blanket and
under yellow light into a glass beaker containing a propeller
stirrer until homogeneous. All subsequent procedures with this
lipophilic phase were conducted under these conditions of argon
blanket and yellow light until the formulation is placed into an
oxygen and light impermeable container.
[0224] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0225] Into a primary glass beaker containing 795 g of deionized
water, nitrogen was bubbled therein until the subsequent addition
of the lipophilic phase thereto so as to minimize exposure to
oxygen. 5 g of PEG-8 caprylic/capric glycerides available from
Trivent Inc. under the tradename, "Trivasol BW" was then added
thereto with stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. For
aiding in dispersion of the thickener in the formulation, 4 g of
carbomer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the tradename,
"Carbopol Ultrez" were added to 30 g of dimethylisosorbide
available from Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename, "Arlasolve DMI"
in a separate beaker with hand stirring. Into the
dimethylisosorbide mixture was then added 2 g. of methylparaben and
1 g of propylparaben with hand stirring until homogeneous to
produce a pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then added to the
primary glass beaker with constant stirring until the resulting
mixture was homogeneous.
[0226] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0227] The lipophilic phase was then added to the hydrophilic phase
with constant stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. 2 g of
triethanolamine available from Union Carbide under the tradename,
"Trolamine 99%" was then added to the resulting mixture with
stirring until homogeneous. The final emulsion contains the
components as set forth in Table E:
5TABLE E Emulsion Components Chemical Name Trade Name %(wt/wt)
PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate Arlacel P-135 1.1 Isononyl
isononanoate Wickenol 5.0 Hexyldecyl benzoate and Hallstar AB 5.0
butyloctyl benzoate Cyclomethicone Dow 344 Fluid 5.0 Vitamin A
alcohol and Tween 20 Retinol 50C 0.69 Water Water 78.81 Carbomer
Carbopol Ultrez 0.40 PEG-8 caprylic/capric glycerides Trivasol BW
0.50 Methylparaben Methylparaben 0.20 Propylparaben Propylparaben
0.10 Dimethyl isosorbide Arlasolve DMI 3.0 triethanolamine
Trolamine 99% 0.2
Example 11
Preparation of Water-in-Oil Emulsion Containing Retinol
[0228] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0229] 11 g of PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate, available from
Uniqema, Inc. under the tradename "Arlacel P-135," 30 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," and 30 g of a mixture of hexyldecyl benzoate and
butyloctyl benzoate, available from C.P. Hall Company under the
tradename, "Hallstar AB" were combined in a vessel with mixing and
heated to a temperature of 45.degree. C. until homogeneous. After
the resulting mixture was cooled to a temperature of 25.degree. C.,
30 g of cyclomethicone available from Dow Corning under the
tradename, "Dow 344 Fluid" and 6.9 g of a mixture of vitamin A
alcohol and polysorbate 20 in a 1:1 weight ratio were added thereto
with continuous mixing under an Argon blanket and under yellow
light into a glass beaker containing a propeller stirrer until
homogeneous. All subsequent procedures with this lipophilic phase
was conducted under these conditions of argon blanket and yellow
light until the formulation is placed into an oxygen and light
impermeable container.
[0230] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0231] Into a primary glass beaker containing 863.2 g of deionized
water, nitrogen was bubbled therein in order to eliminate dissolved
oxygen contained therein. The nitrogen continued to be bubbled
therein until the subsequent addition of the lipophilic phase
thereto. 5 g of PEG-8 caprylic/capric glycerides available from
Trivent Inc. under the tradename, "Trivasol BW" was then added
thereto with stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. For
aiding in dispersion of the thickener in the formulation, 4 g of
carbomer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the tradename,
"Carbopol Ultrez" were added to 10 g of triisopropyl citrate
available from Phoenix Chemical Company under the tradename,
"PELEMOL TIPC" in a separate beaker with hand stirring. Into the
triisopropyl citrate mixture was then added 2 g. of methylparaben
and 1 g of propylparaben with hand stirring until homogeneous to
produce a pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then added to the
primary glass beaker with constant stirring until the resulting
mixture was homogeneous.
[0232] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0233] 2 g of triethanolamine available from Union Carbide under
the tradename, "Trolamine 99%" was then added to the hydrophilic
phase with constant stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous.
The resulting mixture was then added to the lipophilic phase at
constant temperature with stirring until homogeneous. The final
emulsion contains the components as set forth in Table F:
6TABLE F Emulsion Components Chemical Name Trade Name %(wt/wt)
PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate Arlacel P-135 1.1 Isononyl
isononanoate Wickenol 3.0 Hexyldecyl benzoate and Hallstar AB 3.0
butyloctyl benzoate Cyclomethicone Dow 344 Fluid 3.0 Vitamin A
alcohol and Tween 20 Retinol 50C 0.69 Water Water 86.320 Carbomer
Carbopol Ultrez 0.40 PEG-8 capryhlic/capric glycerides Trivasol BW
1.0 Methylparaben Methylparaben 0.20 Propylparaben Propylparaben
0.10 Triisopropyl citrate Pelemol TIPC 1.0 NaOH NaOH 0.190
Example 12
Luminosity of the Formulation of Example 10
[0234] Digital images of the right side and the left side of a
Caucasian woman's face was taken using a digital camera available
from Fujix (Model No.: DCS 505) equipped with a 60 mm macro lens
under strobe light conditions at F8 and 1/125 seconds. The camera
lens was filtered with a CG-395 filter, and the strobe light source
was filtered with a combination of a UG-11 filter and a KG-5
filter. These images are illustrated in FIG. 3(a) and FIG. 3(b),
respectively.
[0235] After approximately 0.09 grams of the 0.3% retinol
formulation prepared in Example 10 was applied to about a 20
cm.sup.2 site on the suborbital (cheek) area of the right side and
the left side of the woman's face, digital images were taken
thereof under the above conditions as illustrated in FIG. 3(c) and
FIG. 3(d), respectively. Using PHOTOSHOP software available from
Adobe Inc., the digital image of each site was analyzed for average
pixel intensity or luminosity. Luminosity, as used herein, is an
indication of brightness of a given area as measured on a scale of
1 to 255, wherein the latter is the most luminescent. Using the
0.3% retinol concentration value, the pixel intensity change, as
determined by the difference in pixel intensity between the base
surface and the treated surface, for both the treated right side
and left side of the face was plotted as a function thereof as
illustrated in FIG. 5(a).
[0236] The formulation was then rinsed from the right side of the
face, and a digital image was taken of the site under the above
conditions as illustrated in FIG. 3(e). The formulation was then
wiped twice using a Kimwipe tissue available from Kimberly Clark
from the left side of the face, and a digital image was taken of
the site under the above conditions as illustrated in FIG. 3(f).
The pixel intensity change for the rinsed right side and the wiped
left side was plotted on the graph of FIG. 5(a), then the
respective deposited retinol concentrations were interpolated
therefrom to be 0.145% and 0.1%, respectively.
[0237] This Example showed that the formulation of the present
invention is not only a cleanser, but it also effectively deposits
active agents, such as retinol, onto the skin. A significant amount
of the agents remained on the skin after the formulation was
removed therefrom. Moreover, this Example highlighted that when the
cleanser composition of the present invention contains a 0.3%
retinol active agent, it deposited the same amount of retinol on
the skin as a leave-on product containing 0.145% retinol (when the
compositions was removed via rinsing with water) and a leave-on
product containing a 0.1% retinol (when the composition was removed
via wiping).
Example 13
Luminosity of the Formulation of Example 11
[0238] The procedure set forth in Example 12 was repeated using the
formulation of Example 11 instead of that of Example 10. The
pre-treatment images are illustrated in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(b),
respectively.
[0239] The formulation-containing images are illustrated in FIG.
4(c)(right side) and FIG. 4(d)(left side). Using the 0.3% retinol
concentration value, the pixel intensity change for the treated
right side and left side of the face was plotted as a function
thereof as illustrated in FIG. 5(d).
[0240] The digital image of the washed site is illustrated in FIG.
4(e), and the image of the wiped side is illustrated in FIG. 4(f).
The pixel intensity change for the rinsed right side and the wiped
left side was plotted on the graph of FIG. 5(b), then the
respective deposited retinol concentrations were interpolated
therefrom to be 0.135% and 0.072%, respectively.
[0241] This Example showed that the formulation of the present
invention was not only a cleanser, but it also effectively
deposited active agents, such as retinol, onto the skin. These
agents remained present on the skin after the formulation was
removed therefrom. Moreover, this Example highlighted that when the
cleanser composition of the present invention contained a 0.3%
retinol active agent, the cleanser deposited the same amount of
retinol on the skin as a leave-on product containing 0.135% retinol
(when the compositions was removed via rinsing with water) and a
leave-on product containing a 0.072% retinol (when the composition
was removed via wiping).
Example 14
Preparation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion Containing DMAE
[0242] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0243] 10 g of steareth-2 available from Uniqema under the
tradename "Brij 72", 8.5 g of isoceteth-20 also available from
Uniqema under the tradename "Arlasolve 200", 10 g. of isononyl
isononanoate available from Alzo, Inc., under the tradename
"Wickenol 151", 10 g. of Isostearyl palmitate available from Brooks
Industries under the tradename "Loronate OP", 10 g of cetyl
octanoate, available from Brooks Industries, under the tradename
"Loronate CIO," 10 g of pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate also
available from Brooks Industries, under the tradename "Loronate
PT," and 10 g of cyclomethicone available from Dow Corning under
the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid" were combined into a glass beaker at
a temperature of 50.degree. C. and stirred until homogeneous.
[0244] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0245] 602.5 g of deionized water were weighed into a primary glass
beaker and heated to 78-82.degree. C. With constant agitation, 4 g
of PVM/MA Decadiene Crosspolymer available from ISP under the
tradename, "Stabileze QM" was added thereto and held at
78-82.degree. C. until homogenous. This mixture was then cooled to
40-50.degree. C., during which time, 1 g. of disodium EDTA, 10 g.
of hexylene glycol, 7.5 g. of PEG-6 caprylic/capric glycerides
available from Croda, Inc. under the tradename, "Glycerox 767", and
10 g. of PEG-150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate also available from
Croda under the tradename, "Crothix Liquid," were added to the
primary beaker with constant stirring.
[0246] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0247] When both the lipophilic phase and the hydrophilic phase
were at a temperature of 40.degree. C. -50.degree. C., the
lipophilic phase was added to the hydrophilic phase with constant
stirring. In a separate beaker, 30 g. of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol,
available from BASF under the tradename DMAE, and 50 g. of
L-tyrosine available from Ajinimoto under the tradename
"L-Tyrosine" were added to 150 g. of water, and mixed until
homogenous. This premix was then added to the primary beaker with
constant stirring. 10 g of Nylon-12 available from Kobo Products,
Inc., under the tradename "SP-10", 5 g of talc available from
Luzenac America under the tradename, "Windsor Talc 66", 10 g of
silicone quaternium-13 available from Biosil Industries under the
tradename, "Biosil Basics SPQ," and 10 grams of a phenoxyethanol,
methylparaben, butylparaben, ethylparaben and propylparaben
solution available from Nipa under the tradename "Phenonip" were
added separately to the primary beaker with constant stirring. The
entire mixture was adjusted to a pH of 7.0-7.5 with a 70% aqueous
solution of glycolic acid, and homogenized for 2 minutes at medium
power with a Gifford-Wood homogenizer.
[0248] After about 1 ml to about 10 ml of the resulting formulation
is applied to the facial skin of consumers, the consumers perceive
that their facial skin appears and feels firmer and "lifted."
Example 15
Preparation of Oil in Water Emulsion Containing a Polymeric
Emulsifier and Colloidal Oat Flour
[0249] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0250] Into a primary glass beaker containing 850.70 g of deionized
water, 10 g of Colloidal Oat Flour available from Quaker was added
thereto with stirring at 25.degree. C. until a homogeneous, smooth
slurry was achieved. 2.5 g. of Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate
Crosspolymer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the
tradename, "Pemulen TR-1" and 2.5 g. of Carbomer, also available
from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the tradename "Carbopol Ultrez" were
then added to the primary beaker and mixed with slower agitation
until homogenous. Into a separate beaker was added 7.5 g. of
sucrose cocoate available from Croda, Inc. under the tradename,
"Crodesta SL-40," 7.5 g. of PEG-6 Capric/caprylic glycerides
available from Croda, Inc. under the tradename, "Glycerox 767," 10
g of hexylene glycol, 3 g. of methylparaben and 0.5 g of
propylparaben with hand stirring until homogeneous to produce a
pre-mixture. The pre-mixture was then added to the primary glass
beaker with constant stirring until the resulting mixture was
homogeneous.
[0251] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0252] 20 g of isostearyl palmitate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate OP," 20 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," 20 g of cetyl octanoate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate CIO," 20 g of
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate available from Brooks Industries,
under the tradename "Loronate PT," and 20 g of cyclomethicone
available from Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid"
were each added separately to the primary beaker with constant
stirring at 25.degree. C. until homogeneous. 2.5 g of Tetrasodium
EDTA and, 6.8 g. of a 20% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was
then added thereto with stirring at a temperature of 25.degree. C.
The resulting mixture was then mixed for 15 minutes.
Example 16
Preparation of Oil in Water Emulsion Containing a Polymeric
Emulsifier and Colloidal Oat Flour
[0253] Preparation of Preservative Pre-Blend
[0254] 4 g of methylparaben, 1 g of propylparaben, 7.5 g of PEG-6
capric/caprylic glycerides available from Croda, Inc. under the
tradename, "Glycerox 767," 7.5 g of sucrose cocoate also available
from Croda, Inc. under the tradename, "Crodesta SL-40," and 10 g of
hexylene glycol were combined with mixing under ambient conditions
until homogeneous.
[0255] Preparation of Emulsion:
[0256] Into a primary glass beaker containing 852.5 g of Purified
Water (USP), 10 g of Colloidal Oat Flour available from Quaker were
added thereto with stirring at about 200 rpm and a temperature of
about 20.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C. until a homogeneous,
smooth slurry was achieved. 2.5 g. of Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl
Acrylate Crosspolymer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the
tradename, "Pemulen TR-1" and 2.5 g. of Carbomer, also available
from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the tradename "Carbopol Ultrez" were
then added thereto and mixed with slower agitation until
homogenous. After adding the Preservative Pre-blend with increased
mixing at about 200 rpm thereto, the following components were
sequentially added thereto with constant stirring at about
20.degree. C. to about 30.degree. C. until homogeneous, with
intervals of 5 minutes between the addition of each respective
component: 20 g of isononyl isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc.
under the tradename, "Wickenol 151," 20 g of cyclomethicone
available from Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid", 20
g of isostearyl palmitate, available from Brooks Industries, under
the tradename "Loronate OP," 20 g of cetyl octanoate, available
from Brooks Industries, under the tradename "Loronate CIO," 20 g of
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate available from Brooks Industries,
under the tradename "Loronate PT." 2.5 g of Tetrasodium EDTA and
enough of a a 20% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide was then
added thereto with stirring at a temperature of about 20.degree. C.
to about 30.degree. C. to produce a final mixture having a pH of
5.9 to 6.5. The resulting mixture was then mixed until
homogeneous.
Example 17
Consumer Testing of Formulation of Example 16 Formula
[0257] One hundred and twenty-five mothers of babies aged 24 months
and younger used both the formulation prepared in accordance with
Example 16 as well as a cleanser available from Galderma
Laboratories, Inc. under the tradename, "CetaPhil Gentle Skin
Cleanser."
[0258] The mothers used each product for a minimum of at least 3 to
7 times for a one week period. When using the product in a
rinse-off fashion, the mothers first poured the product onto a
moistened hand or wet cloth then applied the product to the desired
location on the babies' skin. After rubbing the product gently on
the skin, the product was rinsed therefrom with water. When using
the product in a wipe-off fashion, the mothers applied a liberal
amount to the desired location on the babies' skin and rubbed
gently. The excess product was then removed therefrom with a soft
cloth or tissue.
[0259] The results of the study are shown in Table G below:
7TABLE G Comparative Study of Example 16 Formulation to Cetaphil
Characteristic that either Completely describes or very well
describes the Formulation product at issue of Example 16 Cetaphil
1) Good for Sensitive Skin 87* 82 2) Nonirritating to Skin 92 91 3)
Wont' Dry or Irritate the 89 78 Most Sensitive Skin 4) Cleanses
Extra Gently 87 86 5) Good for Everyday or Regular Use 94 84 6)
Cleans Without Drying Skin 92 85 7) Relieves Baby's Dry Skin 74 65
8) Can Be Use With or Without Water 93 83 9) Effectiveness as a
Cleanser 82 76 10) Good for Use All Over the Body 90 85 11) Makes
Baby's Skin Feel Soft 89 74 and Smooth 12) Helps Baby's Skin Look
and 70 66 Feel Healthier 13) Helps Baby's Skin Retain its 82 72
Natural Moisture 14) Relieves Baby's Itchy Skin 51 46 15) Leaves
Baby's Skin Feeling Clean 86 75 16) Won't Sting or Irritate Eyes 54
54 *These numbers indicate the percentage of the mothers that
indicated that the identified product possessed the given
characteristic.
[0260] This Example showed that the cleanser of Example 16
significantly outperformed the commercial product with respect to
the majority of characteristics set forth in Table G.
Example 18
Preparation of Oil-in-Water Emulsion with Non-Ionic Emulsifier
[0261] Preparation of Lipophilic Phase:
[0262] 20 g of isostearyl palmitate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate OP," 20 g of isononyl
isononanoate, available from Alzo, Inc. under the tradename,
"Wickenol 151," 20 g of cetyl octanoate, available from Brooks
Industries, under the tradename "Loronate CIO," 20 g of
pentaerythritol tetraoctanoate available from Brooks Industries,
under the tradename "Loronate PT," were combined into a glass
beaker at a temperature of 25.degree. C. and stirred until
homogeneous.
[0263] Preparation of Hydrophilic Phase:
[0264] Into a primary glass beaker containing 859.7 g of deionized
water, 2 g of carbomer available from B.F. Goodrich, Inc. under the
tradename, "Carbopol ETD 2020", and 1 g of C10-C30 alkyl
acrylate/crosspolymer commercially available from B.F. Goodrich
under the tradename, "Pemulen TR1" were added thereto with stirring
at a temperature of 25.degree. C. until dispersed. While heating
the mixture to 75.degree. C., 1.2 g of tromethamine, 1 g of EDTA,
7.5 g. of PEG-6 Capric/caprylic glycerides available from Croda,
Inc. under the tradename, "Glycerox 767," 10 g of hexylene glycol,
4 g. of methylparaben and 1 g of propylparaben were added with
constant stirring until the resulting mixture was homogeneous.
After the mixture reached a temperature of 75.degree. C., 10 g. of
a mixture of sorbitan stearate and sucrose cocoate available from
Uniqema under the tradename, "Arlatone 2121," were added thereto
with stirring for 30 minutes at constant temperature.
[0265] Preparation of Final Composition:
[0266] After the lipophilic phase was heated to a temperature of
75.degree. C., it was then added to the hydrophilic phase with
constant stirring at 75.degree. C. until homogeneous. After the
mixture was then cooled to 35.degree. C., 20 g of cyclomethicone
available from Dow Corning under the tradename, "Dow 345 Fluid" was
added thereto. After the mixture was cooled to 25.degree. C., 0.4
g. of tromethamine was then added thereto with stirring at constant
temperature such that the resulting mixture had a pH of 5.5.
Example 19
Comparison of Make-Up Removability
[0267] A waterproof mascara available from Gemey under the
tradename "Waterproof Gemey Noir," is copiously coated on a 16
cm.sup.2 area on a forearm. This area is then wiped four times with
a cotton ball soaked with 2 ml of the formula of Example 2. Visual
assessment of the area is noted. This procedure is repeated on the
same area and a second visual assessment is noted. This procedure
is repeated on the same area and a third visual assessment is
noted.
[0268] This procedure is repeated on an alternative areas of the
forearm, but wherein the cleanser of Example 2 is replaced with the
cleanser of Example 18 and the cleanser available from Johnson's
under the tradename, "Johnson's pH 5.5 3-in-1 Cleansing Lotion,"
respectively.
[0269] Although all three cleansers effectively remove the mascara,
this Example shows that the cleansers of Example 2 and Example 18
remove mascara more quickly than the commercial cleanser. In
addition, all three cleansers are aesthetically acceptable
according to consumer standards.
Example 20
Comparison of Make-Up Removability of Impregnated Wipes
[0270] The formulation of Example 18 is prepared, but wherein: 1)
the carbomer and the C10-C30 alkyl acrylate/crosspolymer were
replaced with 1 g of xanthan gum; 2) and 30 g of C14-22 alkyl
alcohol and C12-C20 alkyl glucoside emulsifier available from
Seppic under the tradename "Montanov L" was also added to the
lipophilic phase; and 3) and 4 g of C13-C14 isoparaffin/isostearyl
isostearate/Na polyacrylate/polyacrylamide/polysor- bate 60
available from Seppic under the tradename," Sepigel 502," was added
to the finished mixture as the final product was cooled to 25
C.
[0271] The emulsion was pumped on to a stack of 25 folded, uncoated
spunlaced wipes comprised of a blend of about 35% polyester and 65%
rayon in an amount equivalent to 325% of the total noncoated wipe
weight.
[0272] The resulting wipes were then compared with Johnson pH5.5
3-in-1 Cleansing wipes and Pond's Cleansing Towelettes available
from Unilever using the test method set forth in Example 19 wherein
the cotton ball was replaced by the respective wipe.
[0273] This Example showed that the wipes prepared in accordance
with this Example are more effective in removing waterproof mascara
than the two commercial products as determined after the first,
second, and third assessment. More specifically, the wipes of this
Example were significantly superior to the Pond's wipes with
respect to mascara removal as determined after the third visual
assessment.
Example 21
Preparation of Cleansing Composition
[0274] 20 g of cyclomethicone available from the Dow Corning
Corporation under the tradename, "DOW CORNING 345," 15 g of
hexylene glycol, and 65 g of a mixture of hexyl decyl benzoate and
butyl octyl benzoate available from the C.P. Hall Company under the
tradename, "Hallstar AB" are sequentially added to a vessel with
mixing at about 100 rpm under ambient conditions until the final
mixture is homogeneous.
[0275] The resulting cleansing composition is effective in removing
debris such as makeup from the skin.
* * * * *