U.S. patent application number 10/368512 was filed with the patent office on 2004-08-19 for gaming table playing surface.
Invention is credited to Krise, David A., Kuhn, Michael J., Sines, Randy D..
Application Number | 20040160005 10/368512 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 32850154 |
Filed Date | 2004-08-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040160005 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Krise, David A. ; et
al. |
August 19, 2004 |
Gaming table playing surface
Abstract
Representative embodiments provide for a playing surface for a
wagering game of chance, including a flexible base material defined
by a peripheral shape defining a playing field of the wagering game
of chance and configured to lie as a planar entity under the
influence of gravity alone when supported by a planar surface, and
a flexible surface material bonded to the flexible base material
including indicia corresponding to the wagering game of chance. The
invention further provides a method of replacing a playing surface
of a gaming table for a wagering game of chance, including
supporting a new playing surface using a planar surface of the
gaming table, and removably securing an edging to the gaming table,
wherein the new playing surface is configured to lie as a planar
entity under the influence of gravity alone, and without stretching
or adhesives, when supported by the planar surface.
Inventors: |
Krise, David A.; (Spokane,
WA) ; Kuhn, Michael J.; (Spokane, WA) ; Sines,
Randy D.; (Spokane, WA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
John S. Reid
1926 S. Valleyview Lane
Spokane
WA
99212
US
|
Family ID: |
32850154 |
Appl. No.: |
10/368512 |
Filed: |
February 18, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
273/274 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47B 25/00 20130101;
A63F 1/06 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
273/274 |
International
Class: |
A63F 001/06 |
Claims
We claim:
1. A playing surface for a wagering game of chance, comprising: a
flexible base material defined by a peripheral shape defining a
playing field of the wagering game of chance and configured to lie
as a planar entity under the influence of gravity alone when
supported by a planar surface; and a flexible surface material
bonded to the flexible base material including indicia
corresponding to the wagering game of chance.
2. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the playing surface
further includes an aperture therethrough, and wherein the aperture
is configured to accommodate usage of one of a chip tray, a chip
sensor, or an electronic display.
3. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the playing surface
further includes a plurality of apertures therethrough, and wherein
selected ones of the apertures are configured to accommodate usage
of one of a chip tray, a chip sensor, or an electronic display.
4. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the flexible base
material is formed of at least one of neoprene, nitrile, silicon,
ethylene vinyl acetate blended rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, or
natural rubber.
5. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the flexible surface
material is formed of at least one of polyester, nylon, polyvinyl,
polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene terephthalate, or
polychloride.
6. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the flexible base
material is defined by a thickness of about 0.03125 inches to about
0.5 inches.
7. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the flexible base
material is defined by a thickness of about 0.375 inches to about
0.625 inches.
8. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the indicia
corresponding to the wagering game of chance are formed by at least
one of dye sublimation or vinyl transfer.
9. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the flexible surface
material is formed of polyester, and wherein the indicia
corresponding to the wagering game of chance are formed by dye
sublimation.
10. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the playing surface
is further configured to be supported by a gaming table including
the planar surface.
11. The playing surface of claim 1, and wherein the wagering game
of chance is defined by blackjack, baccarat, mini baccarat, poker,
craps, roulette, pai gow, or a novelty wagering game of chance.
12. A gaming table, comprising: a stand; a table top supported by
the stand; a playing surface supported by the table top, the
playing surface including a flexible base layer and a top surface
layer bonded to the flexible base layer, the playing surface
defining a shape of a playing field of a wagering game of chance
and corresponding to a shape of the table top, and wherein the top
surface layer includes indicia corresponding to the wagering game
of chance.
13. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the playing surface
includes an aperture therethrough, and wherein the aperture is
configured to accommodate usage of one of a chip tray, a chip
sensor, or an electronic display supported by the gaming table.
14. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the playing surface
includes a plurality of apertures therethrough, and wherein
selected ones of the apertures are configured to accommodate usage
of one of a chip tray, a chip sensor, or an electronic display
supported by the gaming table.
15. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the flexible base
layer is formed of at least one of neoprene, nitrile, silicon,
ethylene vinyl acetate blended rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, or
natural rubber.
16. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the flexible base
layer is defined by a thickness of about 0.03125 inches to about
0.5 inches.
17. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the flexible base
material is defined by a thickness of about 0.375 inches to about
0.625 inches.
18. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the top surface layer
is formed of at least one of polyester, nylon, polyvinyl,
polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, PET, or polychloride.
19. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the indicia
corresponding to the wagering game of chance are formed by at least
one of dye sublimation or vinyl transfer.
20. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the top surface layer
is formed of polyester, and wherein the indicia corresponding to
the wagering game of chance are formed by dye sublimation.
21. The gaming table of claim 12, and further comprising an edging
configured to overlie at least a portion of a periphery of the
playing surface, and wherein the edging is optionally defined by a
padded armrest.
22. The gaming table of claim 12, and wherein the wagering game of
chance is defined by blackjack, baccarat, mini baccarat, poker,
craps, roulette, pai gow, or a novelty wagering game of chance.
23. A method of replacing a playing surface of a gaming table for a
wagering game of chance, comprising: supporting a new playing
surface using a planar surface of the gaming table; and removably
securing an edging to the gaming table, wherein the edging is
optionally defined by a padded armrest, and wherein the new playing
surface is configured to lie as a planar entity under the influence
of gravity alone when supported by the planar surface, and wherein
no stretching of the new playing surface is performed in the
replacing.
24. The method of claim 23, and further comprising aligning an
aperture through the new playing surface with one of a chip tray, a
chip sensor, or an electronic display supported by the gaming
table.
25. The method of claim 23, and further comprising aligning
selected ones of a plurality of apertures through the new playing
surface with one of a chip tray, a chip sensor, or an electronic
display supported by the gaming table.
26. The method of claim 23, and wherein no adhesives are used in
the replacing.
27. A playing surface for a wagering game of chance, comprising: a
rigid, compliant base material defined by a peripheral shape
defining a playing field of the wagering game of chance and
configured to lie as a planar entity under the influence of gravity
alone when supported by a planar surface; and a flexible surface
material bonded to the rigid, compliant base material, the surface
material including indicia corresponding to the wagering game of
chance.
28. The playing surface of claim 27, and wherein the indicia
corresponding to the wagering game of chance are formed by dye
sublimation.
29. The playing surface of claim 27, and wherein the flexible
surface material is formed of polyester.
30. The playing surface of claim 27, and wherein the playing
surface includes a through aperture, and wherein the aperture is
configured to accommodate usage of one of a chip tray, an chip
sensor, or an electronic display.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] Various wagering games of chance that use a defined playing
surface (or field) are known. Non-limiting examples of such
wagering games include blackjack (i.e., "twenty-one"), poker,
craps, baccarat, and roulette. The playing surface for such a game
is typically supported by a gaming table or similar standard so
that a player or players may conveniently stand or be seated
adjacent to the playing surface. Furthermore, the playing surface
generally has a shape characteristic to the particular wagering
game of chance, and commonly bears indicia or other graphics
related to the rules of the game, playing and/or wagering regions
used during the course of the game, commercial logos related to the
location of play (i.e., the logo of a casino or club), etc.
[0002] Heretofore, such playing surfaces have been in the form of a
single-piece fabric cover, overlying a separate padding material,
which in turn is supported by a flat, rigid table surface. Woolen
felt is a common fabric of choice for such a playing surface, and
it is well known that many players are reluctant to play on any
other kind of surface, particularly if the wagering game calls for
the use of playing cards. Therefore, a cultural bias in favor of
felt or other fabric playing surfaces is well established within
the wager-gaming community and related industries.
[0003] A felt playing surface is generally installed for use on a
gaming table by stretching it tightly over the support padding
material having substantially the same shape, and secured in place
to the gaming table using nails, tacks, staples, or some
combination of these or other means. Some form of peripheral
edging--commonly in the form of a padded armrest--is often added to
further secure the playing surface to the gaming table and to
provide a more desirable playing environment.
[0004] If the particular wagering game of chance or a corresponding
gaming table should require that an aperture (or apertures) exist
through the playing surface, then it is generally necessary to
secure the periphery of such an aperture to the underlying support
using staples, tape, adhesive, or other means, so as to achieve a
uniformly flat playing field and to avoid lifting of the playing
surface in the area proximate the aperture.
[0005] Use of the felt playing surfaces described above typically
presents a number of problems. The indicia and other graphics which
are borne by the felt playing surface are usually applied by silk
screening, as it is well known to those of skill in the related
arts that felt fabric generally resists attempts at satisfactory
marking by other means. As such, the general appearance of such
indicia or graphics can be undesirably limited by the bounds of
silk screening technology.
[0006] Furthermore, felt and other fabric playing surfaces
typically require regular replacement due to the wear of normal
use, such as staining from spilled liquids, requiring that a
replacement felt playing surface be stretched over the underlying
support (i.e., a padding material and gaming table top) as
described above. Such stretching can undesirably distort the
appearance of indicia or graphics borne by the replacement playing
surface. For a gaming table that is in use a large percent of the
time, the felt playing surface may have to be replaced as often as
every other month, just due to usual wear. During the time that the
felt playing surface on a gaming table is being replaced, the
gaming table is obviously not available for use, thereby impacting
income that could potentially be earned by the gaming table.
[0007] Also, any aperture or apertures formed within the felt
playing surface and underlying padding material must be aligned
with the corresponding feature or features supported by the gaming
table, with this alignment process being generally complicated by
the stretching of the felt (or fabric) playing surface over the
supporting table top. These and other installation and maintenance
burdens are known to be associated with the use of felt playing
surfaces.
[0008] Therefore, it is desirable to provide playing surfaces for
wagering games of chance that avoid the problems presented
above.
SUMMARY
[0009] One embodiment provides for a playing surface for a wagering
game of chance. The playing surface includes a flexible base
material, which is shaped to define a playing field of the wagering
game of chance. The base material is configured to lie as a planar
entity under the influence of gravity alone when supported by a
planar surface. The playing surface further includes a flexible
surface material bonded to the flexible base material, which bears
indicia corresponding to the wagering game of chance.
[0010] Another embodiment provides for a gaming table. The gaming
table includes a stand, a table top supported by the stand, and a
playing surface supported by the table top. The playing surface
includes a flexible base layer and a top surface layer bonded to
the flexible base layer. The playing surface defines the shape of a
playing field of a wagering game of chance, and corresponds to a
shape of the table top. The top surface layer further includes
indicia corresponding to the wagering game of chance.
[0011] Yet another embodiment provides for a method of replacing a
playing surface of a gaming table for a wagering game of chance.
The method includes supporting a new playing surface using a planar
surface of the gaming table, and removably securing an edging to
the gaming table. The edging is optionally defined by a padded
armrest, and the new playing surface is configured to lie as a
planar entity under the influence of gravity alone when supported
by the planar surface. No stretching of the new playing surface is
performed in the replacing.
[0012] These and other aspects and embodiments will now be
described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings,
wherein:
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] FIG. 1 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
in accordance with one example of the prior art.
[0014] FIG. 2 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
[0015] FIG. 3 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
[0016] FIG. 4 is a plan view depicting details of the playing
surface of FIG. 3.
[0017] FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting a method of replacing a
playing surface of a gaming table in accordance with the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] FIG. 1 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
10 in accordance with one example of the prior art. The gaming
table 10 includes a table top 12. The table top 12 is a
substantially planar, rigid entity and includes a peripheral edge
of a shape which defines a playing field of a wagering game of
chance. As shown in FIG. 1, the gaming table 10 is suitable for
playing blackjack (i.e., "twenty-one"). Other wagering games of
chance are known to use gaming tables that are varyingly similar to
the gaming table 10. The gaming table 10 includes a plurality of
legs 14, which support the table top 12 at a height above the
ambient floor level suitable for playing the wagering game of
chance.
[0019] The gaming table 10 also includes a padding material 33. The
padding material 33 is typically formed from any suitable pliable,
foam-like material such as, for example, polyurethane foam. The
padding material 33 includes a peripheral edge defining a shape
generally corresponding to the shape of the table top 12 of the
gaming table 10. The padding material 33 is typically secured in
place on the table top 12 by way of adhesives or other suitable
means. As shown in FIG. 1, the padding material 33 includes a
through padding aperture 39 that is described in further detail
hereafter.
[0020] The gaming table 10 further includes a cover, or playing
surface, 16. The cover 16 is formed of a single-piece, felt-fabric
entity, which includes a peripheral edge defining a shape which
generally corresponds to the shape of the table top 12 of the
gaming table 10. As shown, the cover 16 is assumed to be formed
from felt fabric. The cover 16 overlies the padding material 33,
and is secured to the table top 12 along an edge 18 of the table
top using a plurality of fasteners 20. Such fasteners 20 can
include, for example, staples, tacks, nails, or similar means. In
another embodiment (not shown), the cover 16 can be secured along
the edge 18 of the table top 12 using adhesives such as cement or
adhesive tape. In any case, the cover 16 is ultimately supported by
the table top 12 in a generally stretched, tautly secured manner,
such that the cover 16 forms a smooth, flat, felt-fabric playing
surface.
[0021] The cover 16 includes indicia or graphics 22. The indicia 22
can include, for example, a business logo representing the location
(i.e., a casino or gaming club) of the gaming table 10, rules of
play related to the wagering game of chance (e.g., blackjack),
designated locations for the placement of wagers used during the
course of the game, etc. Such graphics or indicia 22 are usually
formed on the felt cover 16 using silk screening. The cover 16
further includes a through-cover aperture 28, which is aligned with
the corresponding padding aperture 39 and a table aperture 26
through the table top 12. The cover 16 is secured to the table top
12 proximate the periphery of the cover aperture 28 using staples,
adhesives, tape, or other means (not shown) so as to prevent the
cover 16 from lifting away from the table top 12 in the general
vicinity of the table aperture 26. Further elaboration of the table
aperture 26, the cover aperture 28, and the padding aperture 39 is
provided hereafter.
[0022] The gaming table 10 further includes an edging 24. The
edging 24 is typically in the form of a padded armrest or similar
arrangement, and is supported about some, or all, of the periphery
18 of the table top 12 of the gaming table 10. The edging 24 can be
secured to the gaming table 10 by way of fasteners, adhesive, or
other suitable means (not shown), and usually overlies and visually
obscures at least a portion of the periphery of the cover 16 and
the table edge 18. The edging 24 serves to provide a more
esthetically pleasing and comfortable gaming environment. The
gaming table 10 further includes a dealer chip tray 30 that is
received within the aligned through apertures 26, 28 and 39. The
dealer chip tray 30 can be secured to the gaming table 10 at a
suitable elevation within the apertures 26, 28 and 39 by way of
fasteners or other means (not shown), or the chip tray 30 can be
configured to simply rest on (be supported by) the cover 16 without
the use of fasteners or other securing means.
[0023] It is noted that fasteners 20 and/or other means (i.e.,
adhesives or tape, not shown) are required to secure the cover 16
to the top 12 of the gaming table 10. This can result in damage to
the cover 16 due, for example, to tearing at the penetration formed
by a fastener 20. Further, the cover 16 must typically be stretched
during the securing (installation) process, while ensuring
desirable alignment of the cover aperture 28 with the padding
aperture 39 and the table aperture 26, as well as correspondence
between the respective peripheral shapes of the cover 16, the
padding material 33, and the table top 12. Further still, it is
desirable to maintain the intended appearance of the indicia 22
during the installation process of the cover 16, without undue
distortion of the indicia 22 due to the required stretching and/or
use of adhesives or other securing means.
[0024] These and other constraints generally result in an
installation process for the cover 16 and/or padding material 33
that is undesirably time consuming and meticulous, and is generally
performed by skilled technicians. Therefore, it is desirable to
provide a gaming table playing surface that avoids these and other
problems associated with installation and use.
[0025] FIG. 2 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The
gaming table 100 includes a table top 112. The table top 112 is a
substantially rigid, planar entity and includes a peripheral edge
defining a shape of a playing field of a wagering game of chance.
As shown, the peripheral edge of the table top 112 defines a
playing field which can be, for example, the wagering game of
blackjack, and generally corresponds to a segment of a disk. It is
noted that other peripheral shapes (not shown) in accordance with
other wagering games of chance can be used. Non-limiting examples
of such wagering games of chance (not shown) include poker,
baccarat, mini baccarat, craps, roulette, pai gow poker, "Texas
Hold Em'", Caribbean Stud Poker, Let It Ride.RTM. (a registered
trademark of Shuffle Master, Inc. of Las Vegas, Nev.), and other
novelty wagering games of chance. As used herein, the term `novelty
wagering games of chance` refers to wagering games of chance that
typically incorporate elements from traditional wagering games (for
example, poker), as well as newer elements and/or modified rules of
play. One of skill in the wager gaming arts is familiar with this
terminology.
[0026] The gaming table 100 further includes a plurality of legs
114 which support the table top 112 at a desirable elevation above
an ambient floor level (not shown). It is appreciated that other
forms of support (not shown) can be used instead of legs 114;
non-limiting examples include one-piece or multi-piece stands,
pedestals, cabinets, wall-mounted support arms, etc.
[0027] The gaming table 100 also includes a playing surface 116.
The playing surface 116 includes (i.e., is defined by) a peripheral
edge defining a shape of playing surface for the wagering game of
chance (e.g., blackjack) and is generally correspondent to the
peripheral shape of the table top 112. The playing surface 116
includes a layer of flexible base material 132. In general, the
flexible base material is fabricated from a sheet of the material
defined by a width, a length, and a thickness "T". The material has
three-dimensional shape memory. That is, when the material is
elastically compressed along its thickness by a compressing force,
the material will return to its original thickness when the
compressing force is removed. Likewise, when the material is
elastically stretched along its length and width by elongating
forces, the material will return to its original length and width
when the elongating forces are removed. In this way, the material
tends to assume an essentially flat shape, not having any wrinkles,
when placed on a flat surface (such as table top 112) and subjected
only to the forces of gravity.
[0028] For example, the base material 132 can be provided in a
roll-form and, when placed on the table top 112 and provided with
an urging force to initiate unrolling of the rolled base material
132, will assume the flat, planar shape of the table top without
the addition of stretching or straightening forces, subject only to
the application of alignment forces (i.e., translational forces and
rotational forces, and excluding elongating (or "stretching")
forces) to align the edges of the base material 132 with the edges
of the table top 112. Non-limiting examples of material from which
the flexible base material 132 can be formed include neoprene,
nitrile, silicon, ethylene vinyl acetate blended rubber (EVA),
styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), natural rubber, and any suitable
combination of these or other similar materials. Neoprene and
nitrile are commercially available from Groendyk Manufacturing
Company, Inc., Buchanan, Va. EVA and SBR are commercially available
from Good Raise Chemical Industry Company, LTD., Tai Chung, Taiwan.
In another embodiment (not shown), the base material 132 is formed
of a rigid (or substantially rigid), compliant material. Such a
rigid, compliant material results in a playing surface 116 (not
shown) that is a substantially resistant to folding or rolling of
the overall playing surface 116 (not shown), but has a relatively
slight, desired amount of compliance (i.e., pliability) so as to be
satisfactorily usable with a wagering game of chance. In any case,
the flexible base material 132 is defined by a thickness T.
[0029] In one embodiment, the thickness T is in the range of about
0.375 inches to about 0.625 inches. In another embodiment, the
thickness T is in the range of about 0.03125 to about 0.5 inches.
Other thicknesses T of the flexible base material 132 can be used.
In any case, it is desirable to select a constituent or combination
of constituents of an overall thickness T for the layer of flexible
base material 132, such that the playing surface 116 assumes a
substantially planar orientation when supported by an underlying
planar entity (such as, for example, the table top 112), under the
influence of gravity alone and without the use of any fasteners,
adhesives, or other additional securing means, as described
above.
[0030] The playing surface 116 further includes a flexible top
surface material 134. The top surface material 134 is uniformly
bonded to a surface of the flexible base material 132. In this way,
the base material 132 and the top surface material 134 define the
playing surface 116 as a single entity. Preferably, the top surface
material is fabricated from a material which is water resistant,
and which is resistant to generating and holding a static electric
charge. The top surface material is also preferably generally
smooth and resistant to frictional wear, and is capable of being
printed with complex graphics. "Complex graphics" include graphic
images wherein colors are represented in different tones and with
shading, and generally provide for a palette of several hundred
colors or more printed using four basic ink colors of cyan,
magenta, yellow and black. Non-limiting examples of material from
which the top surface material 134 can be selectively formed
include a fabric or a sheet material made from polyester, nylon,
polyvinyl, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene
terephthalate, polychloride, or any suitable combination of these
or other materials. At least some of these possible constituents
for the top surface material 134 are commercially available from
the two sources listed above.
[0031] The playing surface 116 further includes indicia or graphics
122. The indicia 122 can include, for example, commercial logos,
rules related to playing the wagering game of chance, designation
of areas used in wagering or playing the game of chance, etc. Other
uses or purposes for the indicia 122 are possible. For example, the
indicia 122 can include complex graphics (as defined above) to
enhance visual appearance and attractiveness of the wagering game
of chance to potential players. The indicia 122 can be formed using
dye sublimation, direct vinyl transfer, or any other indicia
formation means suitable to the selected top surface material
134.
[0032] The playing surface 116 of the gaming table 100 further
includes a through surface aperture 128. The surface aperture 128
is aligned with a corresponding table aperture 126 through the
table top 112. The table aperture 126 and the surface aperture 128
are of substantially equivalent area geometries. It is noted that
the playing surface 116 does not require adhesives or other
securing means to be used in the proximity of the surface aperture
128 and/or table aperture 126, so as to achieve desired performance
of the playing surface 116. This is due to the inherent behavior of
the playing surface 116 to assume and retain a substantially planar
orientation during simple contacting support by the table top 112.
That is, the three-dimensional shape memory characteristics of the
playing surface 116 (described above with respect to the base
material 132 of the playing surface) are sufficient to place a
lower surface (i.e., a surface opposite the top surface material
134 of the playing surface 116) in full contact with the table top
112, subject only to the application of alignment forces (i.e.,
translational forces and/or rotational forces, and excluding
elongating (or "stretching") forces).
[0033] The gaming table 100 further includes a dealer chip tray
130, which is received within the aligned apertures 126 and 128.
The dealer chip tray 130 is configured to organize and support a
plurality of gaming chips (not shown) typically used during play of
the wagering game of chance (e.g., blackjack) of the gaming table
100. The dealer chip tray 130 can be secured to the gaming table
100 using suitable fasteners, adhesives, overlapping support edges,
or other means (not shown). Alternately, the weight of the dealer
chip tray 130 can be sufficient to hold the chip tray 130 against
the playing surface 116 such that fasteners are not required.
[0034] The gaming table 100 can further include an edging 124. The
edging 124, as depicted, is in the form of a padded armrest;
however, other configurations of edging (not shown) can be used.
The edging 124 can be secured to the gaming table 100 generally
about a portion of the periphery of the table top 112 and the
playing surface 116. Fasteners or other suitable means (not shown)
can be used to secure the edging 124 to the gaming table 100.
Alternately, the weight of the edging 124 can be sufficient to hold
the edging against the playing surface 116 such that fasteners are
not required. The edging 124 typically defines a cross sectional
shape that partially overlaps the periphery of the playing surface
116, and substantially covers and obscures an edge 118 of the table
top 112. The edging 124 generally provides a more comfortable and
aesthetically pleasing environment for players using the gaming
table 100.
[0035] At least the following desirable characteristics are
inherent to the playing surface 116 (and its equivalents):
[0036] 1) The playing surface 116 does not require fasteners,
adhesives, or other means to be used during installation or use in
conjunction with the gaming table 100. This is particularly
desirable in regard to securing areas of the playing surface 116
that are proximate to the surface aperture 128 with the table top
112. Furthermore, the playing surface 116 has a reduced likelihood
of installation-related damage.
[0037] 2) The playing surface 116 does not require stretching
during installation on the gaming table 100. Thus, indicia 122
remain undistorted and the surface aperture 128 is readily
alignable with the table aperture 126.
[0038] 3) The top surface material 134 can be formed of a
substantially liquid resistant (i.e., repellant) material, such
that the top surface material 134 is readily cleanable and
resistant to staining.
[0039] 4) The top surface material 134 can be selected such that
the indicia 122 can be formed, for example, by dye sublimation or
direct vinyl transfer. This results in a broader range of graphic
imaging options (including complex graphics) when forming indicia
122, as well as indicia or graphics 122 of generally improved
durability, relative to silk screening alone.
[0040] 5) The top surface material 134 can be selected to exhibit a
reduced generation and/or transfer of static electric charge onto
playing cards or other elements (not shown) used during the
wagering game of chance, relative to that exhibited by felt fabric.
This results in reducing mutual attraction and/or repulsion between
cards or other elements used during the wagering game. Further, the
reduction in generation and/or transfer of static electric charge
will have less affect on electronic components used in current
state-of-the-art wagering games, such as electronic chip sensors,
electronic displays, and the like.
[0041] 6) The top surface material 134 can be selected to exhibit
improved durabilty (reduced wear) relative to felt or other
fabrics. This results in a playing surface 116 that has a generally
desirable longevity.
[0042] 7) The top surface material 134 is bonded to the flexible
base material 132 in a uniform, continuous manner. This results in
a playing surface 116 that is substantially free from lifting,
bumps, or other undesired surface irregularities.
[0043] 8) Openings can be pre-formed in the playing surface and
easily aligned with corresponding openings in the table top,
whereas with prior art coverings the openings are typically formed
in the covering after it has been placed over the support pad.
[0044] 9) The playing surface 116 exhibits improved fire resistance
(i.e., resistance to damage by heated or burning objects) relative
to felt or other fabric coverings of the prior art. This is
particularly desirable, for example, during use of the playing
surface 116 by cigarette or cigar smokers.
[0045] Thus, the playing surface 116 (and its equivalents) of the
present invention avoids the problems discussed above in regard to
the use of single-piece, fabric playing surfaces.
[0046] FIG. 3 is an exploded oblique view depicting a gaming table
200 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention. The
gaming table 200 includes a table top 212. The table top 212
includes a chip tray aperture 226, a screen tray aperture 240, and
a cabling aperture 242. These apertures 226, 240 and 242 are
described in detail hereafter. The gaming table 200 further
includes a stand assembly 214, which is configured to support the
table top 212 at a desired elevation above an ambient floor level.
The specific form of the stand assembly 214 is not crucial to
purposes herein, and a number of other stand configurations (not
shown) can be used.
[0047] The gaming table 200 also includes a screen tray 244. The
screen tray 244 is received in the screen tray aperture 240, and is
generally supported by overlapping cooperation between the screen
periphery of the tray 244 and the screen tray aperture 240 of the
table top 212. Other means of supporting the screen tray 244 can be
used, the specifics of which are not crucial to purposes herein.
The gaming table 200 further includes a plurality of electronic
screen displays 246, which are supported by the screen tray 244.
The plurality of electronic displays 246 are coupled in signal
communication with a computer or processor 252, and are configured
to display graphics and other indicia such as, for example, the
likenesses of playing cards or other images (not shown) used during
wagering game play at the gaming table 200.
[0048] The gaming table 200 includes a plurality of chip sensors
247. The chip sensors 247 are generally associated with, and
disposed adjacent to, certain of the plurality of electronic
displays 246. The chip sensors 247 are coupled in signal
communication with the computer 252, and are configured to detect
the presence of a playing chip or chips (not shown) within
associated regions of a playing surface 216 (described in detail
hereafter).
[0049] The gaming table 200 further includes a plurality of
protective shields 248 in number correspondence to the plurality of
electronic displays 246. Each protective shield 248 is supported
about a periphery of, and is configured to viewably protect, an
electronic display 246. The protective shields 248 can be formed of
glass, plastic, or any suitable generally transparent material. The
gaming table 200 further includes a mask layer 250. The mask layer
250 includes a plurality of through-shield apertures 254, which are
configured to maintain each of the protective shields 248 in proper
overlying alignment with the corresponding electronic display 246.
The mask layer 250 is further configured to provide a flat support
surface coplanar to the table top 212 within the area of the screen
tray aperture 240. The mask layer 250 further includes a plurality
of through sensing apertures 249, which are respectively aligned
with certain of the plurality of chip sensors 247 and are
configured to facilitate operation thereof.
[0050] The gaming table 200 further includes a playing surface 216.
The playing surface 216 is defined by a peripheral shape which
further defines a playing field of the wagering game of chance of
the gaming table 200, and generally corresponds to a peripheral
shape of the table top 212. The playing surface 216 includes a
flexible base material 232, defined by a thickness T2. The base
material 232 can be formed from any suitable material described
above in regard to the base material 132 of FIG. 2. Furthermore,
the thickness T2 of the base material 232 can be within any of the
ranges described above in regard to thickness "T" of the base
material 132 of FIG. 2.
[0051] The playing surface 216 further includes a flexible top
surface material 234 that is bonded to the base material 232. The
top surface material 234 can be formed of any of the materials
described above in regard to the top surface material 134 of FIG.
2. The playing surface 216 also includes indicia or graphics 222.
The indicia 222 can be formed by any of the means described above
in regard to indicia 122 of FIG. 2. Further detail of the indicia
222 are provided hereafter in regard to FIG. 4.
[0052] The playing surface 216 can also include a plurality of
through surface screen apertures 236 that are respectively aligned
with certain of the plurality of electronic displays 246 and are
configured to facilitate viewing thereof by a wagering game player.
The playing surface 216 can further include a through-surface chip
tray aperture 228. The chip tray aperture 228 is configured to
permit the reception and support of a dealer chip tray 230 by the
gaming table 200.
[0053] The playing surface 216 can further include a plurality of
through-surface chip sensing apertures 238. The surface chip
apertures 238 are respectively aligned with certain of the chip
sensors 247 and are configured to facilitate operation thereof.
During play of the wagering game, a playing chip or chips (not
shown) can be placed within regions designated by the indicia 222
(see FIG. 4) of the playing surface 216 and detected by the
corresponding chip sensors 247. These corresponding chip sensors
247 can then relay respective chip detection signals to the
computer 252, where they can be used in carrying out play of the
game.
[0054] The playing surface 216 can further include a through-wiring
aperture 239. The wiring aperture 239 is configured to permit the
routing of signal wiring 256 between the computer 252 and the
plurality of electronic displays 246 and the plurality of chip
sensors 247. The computer 252 can be generally supported by the
playing surface 216 in the area proximate the wiring aperture
239.
[0055] The gaming table 200 can further include a padded edging
224. The padded edging 224 generally overlies, and is supported by,
the area immediately adjacent to the periphery of the playing
surface 216. Furthermore, the padded edging 224 typically covers
and obscures an edge 218 of the table top 212. The padded edging
224 can be secured to the gaming table 200 via fasteners or other
means (not shown; not specifically relevant herein) that are not
specifically interactive with the playing surface 216. However, the
padded edging 224 can be supported on the table top 212 by gravity
alone. The padded edging 224 generally provides an aesthetically
pleasing and comfortable gaming environment in regard to the use of
gaming table 200.
[0056] The playing surface 216 is readily installed and used in
conjunction with the gaming table 200 without the need for
fasteners, adhesives, tapes, or other securing means in order to
assume and maintain a desirably planar (i.e., flat and smooth)
orientation through simple resting support on the table top 212 and
the mask layer 250. Furthermore, the top surface material 234 of
the playing surface 216 can be selected to provide a desirable
degree of liquid stain resistance and overall durability under use.
Generally, the playing surface 216 (and its equivalents) is
configurable to exhibit all of the desirable characteristics listed
above in regard to the playing surface 116 of FIG. 2.
[0057] FIG. 4 is a plan view depicting a detail of the playing
surface 216 of FIG. 3. As shown, the playing surface 216 includes
the base material 232 of FIG. 3 (not visible in FIG. 4), the top
surface material 234, the chip tray aperture 228, the surface
screen apertures 236, the surface chip sensing apertures 238, and
the wiring aperture 239 as described above with respect to FIG. 3.
Furthermore, the indicia (graphics) 222 of the playing surface 216
are further detailed hereafter for clarity of understanding.
[0058] As shown, the indicia 222 can includes a name 260 of the
particular waging game of chance--in this case, "BlackjacK". The
indicia 222 further include borders and associated text that define
a plurality of chip placement regions 262 which can be used during
play of the wagering game (in this case, blackjack). The chip
placement regions 262 are graphically designated by the additional
corresponding indicia 222 so as to coincide with associated chip
sensors 247 (not shown in FIG. 4) described above. In this way,
players of the wagering game of chance can readily determine where
to place chips (not shown) on the playing surface 216 during
various phases of the game, such that the chip sensors 247 can
provide appropriate chip detection signals to the computer 252 (see
FIG. 3).
[0059] The indicia 222 can further include a plurality of
commercial logos 264. As shown, the commercial logos 264 represent
the maker of the gaming table 200 (see FIG. 3). In another case
(not shown), the indicia 222 can be used to represent the logo of a
casino, playing club, or other entity. The indicia 222 also include
information 266 related to rules for playing the wagering game of
chance (e.g., blackjack). Within the context of FIG. 4, it is
assumed that the information 266 relates to "insurance" and its
potential payoff during the course of the wagering game of
blackjack. Other game playing information or designations (not
shown) can be provided by use of the indicia 222.
[0060] As another non-limiting example (not shown), indicia can be
formed on a playing surface of the present invention that relate to
the placement of wagers (i.e., chips), rules, and/or payoffs for
playing the game of craps. One of skill in the wager-gaming arts
can appreciate that the game of craps utilizes a playing surface of
considerable graphic complexity, relative to that of some other
wagering games of chance, such as blackjack; however, graphics,
indicia, peripheral shape and other characteristics associated with
a playing surface for the game of craps (not shown) are readily
anticipated by the present invention. Other playing surfaces
associated with other wagering games of chance (not shown) are also
within the scope of the present invention.
[0061] Thus, as can be seen, the playing surface of the present
invention is particularly useful in conjunction with certain modern
gaming tables used for wagering games of chance. That is, certain
modern gaming tables include a relatively large number of openings
formed in the top of the table, as compared to traditional gaming
tables. For example, as depicted in FIG. 4, openings 238 are formed
for chip sensors, openings 236 are formed for screen displays,
opening 239 is formed for cabling, and opening 228 is formed for a
chip tray. As depicted in FIG. 4, there are 24 openings 238 for
chip sensors, and as can be further seen, these openings are
relatively small. When a traditional felt playing surface is used
on the gaming table depicted in FIG. 4, the felt will need to be
sealed around each and every one of the chip sensor openings. Not
only does this require significant time and effort, but it can be
very difficult to align the corresponding openings in the felt
covering with the small openings in the table top, particularly
since the felt is traditionally stretched taught when it is applied
to the table top. The playing surface of the present invention, on
the other hand, enables chip sensor openings in the playing surface
to be quickly aligned with the corresponding chip sensor openings
in the table, merely by aligning the peripheral edge of the playing
surface with the peripheral edge of the table top. Further, no
adhesives are required to seal the openings in the playing surface
of the present invention around the openings in the table top,
since gravity alone will typically be sufficient to hold the
playing surface in place. Further, the preferred material from
which the base material of the playing surface of the present
invention is made typically exhibits a high coefficient of static
friction with respect to the table top (particularly as compared to
prior art felt playing surfaces), thus further reducing the need
for a separate adhesive or fasteners to be used to hold the playing
surface in place on the table top.
[0062] The modern use of display screens (e.g., 246, FIG. 3) in
wagering games of chance not only allows playing cards to be
represented graphically, but also allows for the use of animated
graphics and the like in wagering games of chance. This has lead to
the development of new wagering games of chance that make use of
these animated graphics, and expands the scope of wagering games of
chance beyond the traditional games (e.g., blackjack, poker, etc.).
It is thus desirable to be able to print the playing surface
surrounding these screen displays with complex graphics to attract
players who may be inclined to play more graphically-intense
wagering games of chance. The playing surface of the present
invention allows for the upper material (134, FIG. 2) to be printed
with complex graphics, whereas prior art felt cannot, or cannot
easily, be printed with complex graphics.
[0063] Persons who are inclined to play the modern wagering games
of chance that incorporate the use of electronics (such as display
screens (246, FIG. 3), electronic chip sensors (249, FIG. 3), and a
computer (252, FIG. 3)) are,less bound by tradition, and therefore
the traditional bias against playing on a playing surface other
than felt is not a hindrance to using the playing surface of the
present invention.
[0064] FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting a method 300 of replacing a
playing surface of a gaming table in accordance with a further
embodiment of the present invention. The method 300 shall be
described in terms of the embodiment of FIG. 3 for clarity, but it
is to be understood that the method 300 is substantially generic to
the replacement of any existing wager-gaming table playing surface
with a playing surface in accordance with the present
invention.
[0065] In step 302, the edging 224 and the existing playing surface
(not shown) are removed from the gaming table 200. When the
existing playing surface is a prior art playing surface, then the
support pad is removed as well. Removal of the prior art support
pad can require scraping the table top to remove glue or other
adheasive used to fasten the support pad to the table top.
[0066] In step 304, the playing surface 216 is supported (i.e.,
placed to rest) on the table top 212 and the mask layer 250 of the
gaming table 200. No fasteners, adhesives, or other means of
securing the playing surface 216 are necessarily utilized to place
the playing surface in general alignment with the table top 212,
and no stretching of the playing surface 216 is required to place
the playing surface in general alignment with the table top 212 and
openings therein.
[0067] In step 306, the playing surface 216 is manipulated (i.e.,
reoriented using translational and/or rotational forces, but
excluding elongating forces) as needed to achieve alignment between
the various surface apertures 228, 236, 238 and 239, and the
corresponding apertures and/or elements underlying the playing
surface 216. Generally, correspondence between the periphery of the
playing surface 216 and the periphery of the table top 212
substantially achieves this alignment.
[0068] In step 308, the edging 224 is re-secured to the gaming
table 200 via any fasteners, adhesives, or other means as desired
or previously utilized (not shown). Alternately, the edging 224 can
be rested on the playing surface 216 and aligned with the playing
surface via a lip around the perimeter of the edging. The
replacement process is now complete.
[0069] Playing surfaces in accordance with the present invention
are generally summarized as follows: A flexible base material is
bonded to a flexible top surface material, such that a single-piece
playing surface is formed. Each playing surface can be formed from
the materials described herein or from any suitable material or
combination of other materials. Each playing surface is configured
to self-assume a substantially planar orientation, under the
influence of gravity alone, when supported by a suitable underlying
planar surface. Each playing surface can include any number of
through apertures, in any configuration, as required to accommodate
other elements of the wagering game of chance for which the
particular playing surface is intended. Each playing surface can
bear any indicia, in any configuration, as required to carry out
play of the wagering game of chance for which the particular
playing surface is intended. Each playing surface is configured to
be readily installed on a corresponding gaming table, without using
any fasteners, adhesives, or other securing means in direct
conjunction with the playing surface. Furthermore, each playing
surface is configured to be installed on a corresponding gaming
table without the need for stretching the playing surface before,
during or after the installation process.
[0070] While the above methods and apparatus have been described in
language more or less specific as to structural and methodical
features, it is to be understood, however, that they are not
limited to the specific features shown and described, since the
means herein disclosed comprise preferred forms of putting the
invention into effect. The methods and apparatus are, therefore,
claimed in any of their forms or modifications within the proper
scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted in
accordance with the doctrine of equivalents.
* * * * *