U.S. patent application number 10/367064 was filed with the patent office on 2004-08-19 for attachment apparatus for injection-molded frameless canopies.
Invention is credited to Miener, Steven J., Sewell, Terry A., Wood, Jeffrey H..
Application Number | 20040159745 10/367064 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 32849886 |
Filed Date | 2004-08-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040159745 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wood, Jeffrey H. ; et
al. |
August 19, 2004 |
Attachment apparatus for injection-molded frameless canopies
Abstract
An apparatus and method for latching a canopy to a vehicle, such
as an aircraft, that avoids plastic creep and crazing due to
concentrated loads is provided. The apparatus includes first
attachment components that are at least partially embedded within
an injection-molded canopy and second attachment components that
are connected to the canopy rail for attaching to the one or more
first attachment components and thereby attaching the canopy to the
canopy rail.
Inventors: |
Wood, Jeffrey H.; (Eureka,
MO) ; Sewell, Terry A.; (Ballwin, MO) ;
Miener, Steven J.; (Florissant, MO) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Michael Smith
BLACK LOWE & GRAHAM PLLC
816 Second Avenue
Seattle
WA
98104
US
|
Family ID: |
32849886 |
Appl. No.: |
10/367064 |
Filed: |
February 13, 2003 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
244/121 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B64C 1/1492 20130101;
B64F 5/10 20170101 |
Class at
Publication: |
244/121 |
International
Class: |
B64C 001/10 |
Goverment Interests
[0002] This invention was made with Government support under U.S.
Government contract F33615-97-2-3407 awarded by the U.S. Air Force.
The Government has certain rights in this invention.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An apparatus for attaching a canopy to a canopy rail, the
apparatus comprising: one or more first attachment components being
at least partially embedded within an injection-molded canopy; and
one or more second attachment components being connected to the
canopy rail for attaching to the one or more first attachment
components and thereby attaching the canopy to the canopy rail.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes: at least one pair of base supports;
and a handle with one or more ends, wherein the at least one pair
of base supports are supported by the injection-molded canopy, and
the combined base supports form a cavity that receives one end of
the handle.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising a canopy rail that
surrounds a cockpit of a vehicle, wherein the canopy rail includes
a device for attaching to the handle when the canopy is positioned
in a closed position with respect to the canopy rail.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the device includes an arm
that rotates about a pivot point within the canopy rail.
5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the canopy rail includes a
door for receiving the handle.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the door is biased to close
when the canopy is an open position.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes: a shaft with two ends; and one or
more knobs attached to the ends of the shaft, wherein the knobs are
at least partially embedded into the canopy, the shaft is exposed
within a cavity formed by the canopy, and the cavity is opened at a
base of the canopy.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a canopy rail
including one or more hooks, wherein the canopy is positioned so
that the hooks insert into the cavity, and wherein at least one of
the canopy or the canopy rail being slid such that the hooks
receive the shaft that is within the cavity.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes a hook at least partially embedded
within the canopy, wherein a portion of the hook protrudes from a
base of the canopy.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a canopy rail
including one or more devices for receiving the hook.
11. A method for attaching a canopy to a canopy rail, the method
comprising: at least partially embedding a first component within
the canopy; and attaching the first component to a second
component, wherein the canopy rail includes the second
component.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the canopy includes an
injection-molded canopy.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein at least partially embedding
includes: inserting an end of a handle between a pair of base
supports; attaching the pair of base supports to each other; and
embedding the pair of base supports within the canopy.
14. The method of claim 13, further comprising attaching the handle
to a device within the canopy rail when the canopy is positioned in
a closed position with respect to the canopy rail.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein the device includes an arm that
rotates about a pivot point within the canopy rail.
16. The method of claim 14, wherein the canopy rail includes a door
for receiving the handle.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the door is biased to close
when the canopy is an open position.
18. The method of claim 11, wherein at least one of the first
components includes a shaft with two ends and one or more knobs
attached to the ends of the shaft, and wherein at least partially
embedding includes molding the knobs into the canopy with a cavity
that includes the shaft.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the canopy rail includes one or
more hooks, the method further comprising: inserting the one or
more hooks into the cavity; and sliding at least one of the canopy
or the canopy rail in order for the hooks to receive the shaft that
is within the cavity.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein at least partially embedding
includes: at least partially embedding a hook within the canopy,
wherein a portion of the hook protrudes from a base of the
canopy.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the canopy rail includes one or
more devices for receiving the hook.
22. A canopy locking system comprising: an injection-molded canopy
including one or more first attachment components being at least
partially embedded within an injection-molded canopy; and a canopy
rail including one or more second attachment components for
attaching to the one or more first attachment components and
thereby attaching the canopy to the canopy rail.
23. The system of claim 22, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes: at least one pair of base supports;
and a handle with one or more ends, wherein the at least one pair
of base supports are supported by the injection-molded canopy, and
the combined base supports form a cavity that receives one end of
the handle.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein the one or more second
attachment components includes a device for attaching to the handle
when the canopy is positioned in a closed position with respect to
the canopy rail.
25. The system of claim 24, wherein the device includes an arm that
rotates about a pivot point within the canopy rail.
26. The system of claim 24, wherein the canopy rail includes a door
for receiving the handle.
27. The system of claim 26, wherein the door is biased to close
when the canopy is an open position.
28. The system of claim 22, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes: a shaft with two ends; and one or
more knobs attached to the ends of the shaft, wherein the knobs are
at least partially embedded into the canopy, the shaft is exposed
within a cavity formed by the canopy, and the cavity is opened at a
base of the canopy.
29. The system of claim 28, wherein the canopy is positioned such
that the hooks insert into the cavity, and wherein at least one of
the canopy or the canopy rail being slid such that the hooks
receive the shaft that is within the cavity.
30. The system of claim 22, wherein at least one of the first
attachment components includes a hook at least partially embedded
within the canopy, wherein a portion of the hook protrudes from a
base of the canopy.
31. The system of claim 30, wherein the second attachment
components include one or more devices for receiving the hook.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This invention relates to copending U.S. patent application
Ser. No. `______, Attorney docket no. BOEI-1-1132, filed Feb. 13,
2002, U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______, Attorney docket no.
BOEI-1-1133, filed Feb. 13, 2002, U.S. patent application Ser No.
______, Attorney docket no. BOEI-1-1138, filed Feb. 13, 2002, U.S.
patent application Ser. No. ______, Attorney docket no.
BOEI-1-1139, filed Feb. 13, 2002, and U.S. patent application Ser.
No. ______, Attorney docket no. BOEI-1-1142, filed Feb. 13, 2002,
all of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0003] This invention relates generally to vehicles with canopies
and, more specifically, to closing mechanisms for injection-molded
canopies.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0004] Modern aircraft canopies contain many parts. A transparent
portion of the canopy may be replaced several times during the life
of an aircraft due to scratches and general deterioration.
Replacement of the transparent portion entails frame disassembly
and reassembly. This is time-consuming, labor intensive, and
costly.
[0005] Attempts have been made to produce frameless aircraft
canopies in order to simplify replacement of the transparent
portion, among other reasons. However, a frame provides structural
stiffness and strong, secure, attachment points for hinges and
latches. As is known, the viable frameless canopy system must
include a method for latching. Prior latching methods include a
male hook or pin located on the aircraft structure or canopy frame
and a female receiver on the canopy frame structure or aircraft
structure respectively. Such discrete latching methods produce
concentrated loads, which cause bearing stress in the transparency
in the region of the latch.
[0006] Stress causes problems for transparencies. Glassy polymers
craze at low stress levels. The effect of crazing on crack growth
and localized failure is not well understood. Polymer
transparencies yield at low stress levels and creep occurs after a
fraction of service life. Cyclic, long-term loading, such as
cockpit pressurization, induces creep and/or craze and reduces
service life. Elevated temperatures, such as those experienced by
high-speed aircraft, further increase the rate of creep and amplify
the effect of crazing.
[0007] Therefore, there exists an unmet need to produce a latching
system for an injection-molded canopy which avoids plastic creep or
crazing due to concentrated loads yet securely holds the canopy in
place.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The present invention provides an apparatus and method for
latching a canopy to a vehicle, such as an aircraft, that avoids
plastic creep or crazing due to concentrated loads. The apparatus
includes first attachment components that are at least partially
embedded within an injection-molded canopy and second attachment
components that are connected to the canopy rail for attaching to
the one or more first attachment components and thereby attaching
the canopy to the canopy rail.
[0009] In another aspect of the invention, the first component
includes a shaft with two ends and one or more knobs attached to
the ends of the shaft. The knobs are molded into the canopy, and
the shaft is exposed within a cavity formed by the canopy. The
cavity is opened at a base of the canopy.
[0010] In still another aspect of the invention, the first
component includes a hook at least partially embedded within the
canopy. A portion of the hook protrudes from a base edge of the
canopy.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The preferred and alternative embodiments of the present
invention are described in detail below with reference to the
following drawings.
[0012] FIG. 1 illustrates an injection-molded frameless canopy
attached to a vehicle in accordance with the present invention;
[0013] FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate x-ray perspective views of a first
embodiment for attaching the canopy to the vehicle;
[0014] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a canopy that
includes an attachment mechanism in accordance with the second
embodiment of the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 5 illustrates an exploded perspective view of the
handrail attachment mechanism shown in FIG. 4;
[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates a cutaway side view of the canopy of FIG.
4 attached to a canopy rail;
[0017] FIG. 7 illustrates a cutaway perspective view of the system
shown in FIG. 6;
[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates a perspective view of an aircraft that
includes the canopy shown in FIG. 4; and
[0019] FIGS. 9-11 illustrate cutaway perspective views of a canopy
that includes an attachment mechanism in accordance with a third
embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0020] The present invention is an injection-molded canopy with
canopy attachment devices that are inserted into the canopy during
an injection molding process. As shown in FIG. 1, an exemplary
canopy 20 attaches to a canopy rail 24 that surrounds a cockpit 26
of a vehicle 28, such as an aircraft.
[0021] FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate a first embodiment of an attachment
device that is molded into an injection-molded canopy 30. The
attachment device is suitably a hook 32. The hook 32 is
substantially U-shaped. A first section 34 of the hook 32 expands
in length away from a centerline of the hook 30. A first section 34
is embedded within the canopy 30 during the injection molding
process. A second section 42 of the hook 32 is exposed below the
canopy 30. The second section 42 includes a claw 44 and a U-shaped
indent caused by the claw 44 and the first section 34. When the
injection-molded canopy 30 is fully formed around the first section
34, the material of the canopy 30 holds the hook 32 in place by
putting pressure on the expanded edges of the first section 34.
[0022] A canopy rail 50 includes a canopy-receiving channel 52 that
receives the canopy 30 and the mounted hook 32. The canopy rail 50
is attached around a cockpit in a conventional manner. One of the
walls of the channel 52 suitably includes an inflatable seal 58
that is attached to a pneumatic or hydraulic system (not shown)
that is included within the vehicle. The inflatable seal 58
inflates when the canopy 30 is inserted into the channel 52 and
locked in place in the canopy rail 50. The inflatable seal 58
provides a moisture and air pressure seal between the vehicle
cockpit and the environment outside of the cockpit.
[0023] In one embodiment, the canopy 30 is first inserted into the
rail 50. The canopy 30 is moved by a support structure (not shown),
thereby making contact between the U-shaped cutout of the hook 32
and a locking mechanism (not shown) that is included as part of the
canopy rail 50. Co-pending patent application Ser. No. ______,
Attorney Docket No. BOEI-1-1142, hereby incorporated by reference,
illustrates a mechanism for receiving the hook 32 without requiring
fore and aft motion of the canopy 30 when the canopy 30 is inserted
into the channel 52.
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a second embodiment
of an attachment device that is embedded within a canopy 100 during
an injection molding process. In this embodiment, the attachment
mechanisms are imbedded handle devices 102. As shown in FIG. 5, the
imbedded handle devices 102 include a U-shaped handle 104 and two
pair of handle end holders 106. Each pair of the handle end holders
106 includes a first part 106a and a second part 106b. Each of the
parts 106a,b includes a cavity that forms a cavity 110 that
receives an end of the handle 104 when the parts 106a,b are
combined. The parts 106a,b are attached to each other by a fastener
112, such as without limitation a screw or a bolt, that is received
through the first part 106a and is securely mounted into the second
part 106b. One or more securing pins 116 are received by respective
pinholes in the first part 106a and are received into receiving
cavities (not shown) within the second part 106b. The pins 116 help
reduce any rotational movement between the first and second parts
106a,b. It can be appreciated that other fastener mechanisms, such
as without limitation an adhesive, may be used for attaching the
parts 106a,b. Each end of the handle 104 includes a top section 120
that is wider from a centerline point than a bottom section 122.
The cavities 110 include chambers sized to receive each of the top
and bottom sections 120 and 122. Thus, when each parts 106a,b are
coupled to each other with the ends of the handle 104 inserted
within the cavities 110, the handle 104 is held securely by the
pairs of handle end holders 106.
[0025] The end holders 106 are then inserted in a mold for the
injection-molded canopy 100 such that when the molding of the
canopy 100 is complete, the pairs of end holders 106 are surrounded
by the molded canopy 100 and only the handles 104 protrude out of
the base of the canopy 100. In this embodiment the parts 106a,b;
are trapezoidal in shape with a first length at the side that
includes the cavity 110 that is smaller than a second length of the
side that is opposite the side that includes the cavity 110.
Therefore, because the parts 106a,b are wider at a point that will
be further embedded into the canopy 100 after the molding process,
the canopy material that surrounds the parts 106a,b holds the parts
106a,b securely in place.
[0026] FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a non-limiting example of
mechanisms for securing the handle 104 to a canopy rail 130. The
canopy rail 130 includes a canopy receiving channel 132 that is
formed by an interior wall 136, a base 138, and an exterior wall
134. When the canopy 100 is received within the canopy channel 132,
the handle 104 passes through an opening 142 within the base 138 of
the channel 132. The opening 142 suitably includes a cap 144 that
is spring-loaded to be forced open by the handle 104 when the
handle 104 passes through the opening 142. The cap 144 is suitably
spring-hinged to the interior wall 136 underneath the base 138. The
cap 144 keeps water and other particulates from entering an
interior of the canopy rail 130 when the canopy 100 is in an open
position. The canopy rail 130 includes a handle-receiving hook 148
that rotates into position to grip the handle 104 once the handle
104 has fully penetrated the opening 142. The hook 148 is suitably
operated by conventional electromechanical devices and is activated
when a switch (not shown) indicates that the canopy 100 is in
proper position within the canopy channel 132. The switch can be
included within the cap 144. The hook 148 keeps the handle 104
within the rail 130 thereby securing the canopy 100 to the canopy
rail 130.
[0027] In one embodiment, the exterior wall 134 of the canopy rail
130 includes an inflatable seal 150 along a wall of the channel
132. The seal 150 inflates by a pneumatic or hydraulic system (not
shown) that is included within the vehicle once the canopy 100 is
fully seated within the channel 132. The seal 150 provides a
moisture and air pressure lock between the environment within the
cockpit and outside of the cockpit.
[0028] FIG. 8 illustrates that the hooks 104 can be used to aide a
pilot during ingress and egress from a cockpit 160 of an aircraft
170.
[0029] FIGS. 9-11 illustrate perspective x-ray views of a third
embodiment of the present invention. An attachment device 200 is
embedded within an injection-molded canopy 202. The attachment
device 200 includes a shaft 204 with two knob ends 206 and 208.
During the injection-molding process of the canopy 202 the
attachment device 200 is inserted near the base of the canopy 202.
The canopy 202 is molded so that the knob ends 206 and 208 are at
least partially embedded within the canopy 202 and the shaft 204
has its longitudinal axis substantially perpendicular to a
lengthwise axis of a cavity 210. The shaft 204 is approximately
centered within the cavity 210. The cavity 210 is exposed at the
base of the canopy 202.
[0030] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, a canopy rail 220 includes a
hook device 224. When the canopy 202 is closed onto the canopy rail
220, the hook device 224 is received by the cavity 210. Then,
either the canopy 202, the hook device 224, or the canopy rail 220
with the attached hook device 224 are slid so that the shaft 204 is
received by the hook device 224, thus locking the canopy 202 to the
rail 220.
[0031] It can be appreciated that various other types of attachment
mechanisms can be imbedded within an injection-molded canopy during
canopy creation.
[0032] While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been
illustrated and described, as noted above, many changes can be made
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Accordingly, the scope of the invention is not limited by the
disclosure of the preferred embodiment. Instead, the invention
should be determined entirely by reference to the claims that
follow.
* * * * *