U.S. patent application number 10/768007 was filed with the patent office on 2004-08-12 for laminated glass.
This patent application is currently assigned to Asahi Glass Company, Limited. Invention is credited to Nagai, Kuniko.
Application Number | 20040157048 10/768007 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 18916921 |
Filed Date | 2004-08-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040157048 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Nagai, Kuniko |
August 12, 2004 |
Laminated glass
Abstract
A laminated glass having a surface density of at most 12
kg/m.sup.2 and comprising a plurality of glass sheets laminated one
on another with an interliner provided between the respective
adjacent glass sheets, wherein the interliner has an ability to
shield infrared rays and an ability to insulate sounds having a
frequency of 5,000 Hz.
Inventors: |
Nagai, Kuniko; (Aiko-gun,
JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
OBLON, SPIVAK, MCCLELLAND, MAIER & NEUSTADT, P.C.
1940 DUKE STREET
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22314
US
|
Assignee: |
Asahi Glass Company,
Limited
TOKYO
JP
|
Family ID: |
18916921 |
Appl. No.: |
10/768007 |
Filed: |
February 2, 2004 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10768007 |
Feb 2, 2004 |
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10085706 |
Mar 1, 2002 |
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6733872 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/215 ;
428/220; 428/328; 428/329 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B 2307/402 20130101;
Y10T 428/24967 20150115; Y10T 428/256 20150115; B32B 17/10339
20130101; B32B 17/10788 20130101; B32B 27/08 20130101; B32B 2375/00
20130101; Y10T 428/31598 20150401; B32B 2327/06 20130101; Y10T
428/31612 20150401; B32B 27/40 20130101; Y10T 428/31649 20150401;
Y10T 428/259 20150115; B32B 17/10633 20130101; B32B 2264/102
20130101; Y10T 428/31645 20150401; B32B 17/1011 20130101; Y10T
428/3163 20150401; B32B 2250/03 20130101; B32B 2307/102 20130101;
Y10T 428/31616 20150401; B32B 17/10036 20130101; B32B 17/10174
20130101; B32B 17/10761 20130101; B32B 2250/02 20130101; Y10T
428/31601 20150401; B32B 2605/006 20130101; Y10T 428/24959
20150115; B32B 27/306 20130101; B32B 2329/06 20130101; B32B 27/20
20130101; B32B 17/10981 20130101; Y10T 428/257 20150115; B32B
17/10899 20130101; B32B 27/36 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/215 ;
428/220; 428/328; 428/329 |
International
Class: |
B32B 017/10 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 1, 2001 |
JP |
2001-56974 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A laminated glass having a surface density of at most 12
kg/m.sup.2 and comprising a plurality of glass sheets laminated one
on another with an interliner provided between the respective
adjacent glass sheets, wherein the interliner has an ability to
shield infrared rays and an ability to insulate sounds having a
frequency of 5,000 Hz.
2. The laminated glass according to claim 1, which has a sound
transmission loss at a frequency of 5,000 Hz of at least 35 dB when
it has a flat sheet shape and a size of 1,480 (mm).times.850 (mm)
as viewed from the front.
3. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the interliner
has a multi-layer structure.
4. The laminated glass according to claim 3, wherein the interliner
is one having a layer comprising an organic resin material for
insulating sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz and infrared
shielding fine particles incorporated therein, sandwiched between
two layers made of polyvinyl butyral or polyethylene
terephthalate.
5. The laminated glass according to claim 3, wherein at least one
layer constituting the multi-layer structure has the ability to
insulate sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz, and other layers
constituting the multi-layer structure have the ability to shield
infrared rays.
6. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the interliner
has infrared shielding fine particles incorporated and dispersed
therein.
7. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles are inorganic fine particles made of a
metal, oxide, nitride, sulfide or silicide of Re, Hf, Nb, Sn, Ti,
Si, Zn, Zr, Fe, Al, Cr, Co, Ce, In, Ni, Ag, Cu, Pt, Mn, Ta, W, V
and/or Mo, or made of such a material doped with Sb or F, or a
composite made of such inorganic fine particles.
8. The laminated glass according to claim 7, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles are a mixture having a single product or
composite of the inorganic fine particles mixed to an organic
resin, or a coated product having a single product or composite of
the inorganic fine particles coated with an organic resin.
9. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles are tin oxide fine particles doped with
antimony, or indium oxide fine particles doped with tin.
10. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles are an organic infrared absorber.
11. The laminated glass according to claim 10, wherein the organic
infrared absorber is a phthalocyanine type material.
12. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles have an average particle size of at most
0.2 .mu.m.
13. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles have an average particle size of from 0.15
to 0.001 .mu.m.
14. The laminated glass according to claim 6, wherein the infrared
shielding fine particles are incorporated and dispersed in the
material constituting the interliner in a proportion of from 0.1 to
10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total mass of the
material constituting the interliner.
15. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein at least one
glass sheet among the plurality of glass sheets is made of a
colored transparent glass.
16. The laminated glass according to claim 15, wherein the colored
transparent glass is a green-colored soda lime silica glass.
17. The laminated glass according to claim 16, wherein the colored
transparent glass is a soda lime silica glass containing from 0.3
to 10% by mass of total iron calculated as Fe.sub.2O.sub.3.
18. The laminated glass according to claim 16, wherein the colored
transparent glass is a soda lime silica glass wherein the mass of
FeO calculated as Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 in the total iron calculated as
Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and represented by mass percentage is from 20 to
40%.
19. The laminated glass according to claim 16, wherein the sum of
contents of total iron calculated as Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 contained in
the respective glass sheets constituting a laminated glass specimen
of 1 cm.sup.2 cut out from the laminated glass, is from 2 to 7
mg.
20. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass
sheets have a thickness of from 1.0 to 2.5 mm.
21. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass
sheets have a thickness of from 1.0 to 2.0 mm.
22. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the
interliner is sandwiched between a first glass sheet having a
thickness of from 1.0 to 1.6 mm and a second glass sheet having a
thickness of from 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
23. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the
interliner is made of at least one member selected from the group
consisting of a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) modified material, an
ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) material, a urethane resin
material, a vinyl chloride resin material and a silicone resin
material.
24. The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the laminated
glass is used as a window glass for an automobile.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The present invention relates to a laminated glass.
[0003] 2. Discussion of Background
[0004] In recent years, it has been desired to reduce the weight of
an automobile body to improve the gasoline mileage of the
automobile. For the weight reduction, it is necessary to reduce the
weights of various components constituting the automobile body, and
such weight reduction is required also for a window glass. To
reduce the weight of a window glass, it is necessary to either
reduce the size of the glass sheet to be used or to reduce its
thickness, and in order to reduce the weight without changing the
design of the shape of the window glass, it is necessary to reduce
the thickness of the glass sheet.
[0005] However, if the glass sheet is made thin for weight
reduction, there will be a problem such that the effect for
shielding solar radiation energy by the glass sheet will decrease,
and the internal temperature of the automobile will increase,
whereby the load for air conditioning will be excessive. The solar
radiation transmittance of a glass sheet changes in the order of
the second power of the thickness of the glass sheet. Accordingly,
if a glass sheet is made thin even slightly, the solar radiation
energy passing through the glass sheet sharply increases.
[0006] Further, by making the glass sheet thin, the
sound-insulating performance of the glass sheet decreases, whereby
there will be a problem that sounds outside the car will enter into
the car, and the comfortableness in the car will thereby be
deteriorated. Generally, a material has a nature that the higher
the mass per unit area (the surface density), the higher the sound
insulating ability, and the higher the frequency of the sound, the
easier the insulation of the sound (mass law). Such a sound
insulating ability is evaluated by a sound transmission loss TL
(=10.multidot.log.sub.10 (i/.tau.) [dB], wherein
.tau.=E.sub.t/E.sub.i, wherein E.sub.t is the energy of the sound
passed through the substance, and E.sub.i is the energy of the
sound entered into the substance), and the larger the TL, the
better the sound-insulating ability.
[0007] On the other hand, in a case where a substance has a flat
sheet shape, it may undergo resonance phenomena at a specific
frequency, whereby the sound transmission loss tends to be lower
than the mass law (coincidence effects). Such a frequency at which
the sound transmission loss decreases, is called a coincidence
resonance frequency, and it shifts towards a high frequency side
when the thickness of the glass sheet is made thin, whereby noises
in a high frequency region generated outside of the car tend to
enter into the car.
[0008] Thus, heretofore, making a glass sheet thin in order to
reduce the weight of an automobile, has brought about two problems
i.e. decrease in the infrared shielding ability and decrease in the
sound insulating ability.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a laminated glass whereby weight reduction can be realized
without lowering the infrared shielding ability and the sound
insulating ability.
[0010] The present invention has been made to solve the above
problems and provides a laminated glass having a surface density of
at most 12 kg/m.sup.2 and comprising a plurality of glass sheets
laminated one on another with an interliner provided between the
respective adjacent glass sheets, wherein the interliner has an
ability to shield infrared rays and an ability to insulate sounds
having a frequency of 5,000 Hz.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIGS. 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views illustrating a
first embodiment of the laminated glass of the present
invention.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second
embodiment of the laminated glass of the present invention.
[0013] FIGS. 3A to 3C are cross-sectional views illustrating a
third embodiment of the laminated glass of the present
invention.
[0014] FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views illustrating a
fourth embodiment of the laminated glass of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0015] Now, the principle of the present invention will be
described.
[0016] The present inventors have confirmed that when the thickness
of a glass sheet is reduced so that the surface density of a
conventional laminated glass becomes to be at most 12 kg/m.sup.2 in
order to reduce the weight of an automobile, the sound insulating
ability and the infrared shielding ability of the laminated glass
will decrease. Particularly with respect to the sound insulating
ability of a laminated glass, it has been found that when the
surface density of the laminated glass is made to be at most 12
kg/m.sup.2, the coincidence resonance frequency will shift towards
a high frequency side in the vicinity of 5,000 Hz, whereby the
sound insulating ability will remarkably decrease. Sounds in this
frequency region are substantially contained in e.g. wind whistling
noises during driving a car, vibration noises of wipers, etc. and
squeak noises of an automobile body, and they are certainly
undesirable sounds to the passengers. Accordingly, in order to
improve the comfortableness of sounds in the car, it is important
to insulate sounds in the vicinity of a frequency of 5,000 Hz.
[0017] Now, various embodiments of the present invention will be
described with reference to the drawings.
[0018] First Embodiment
[0019] FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first
embodiment of the laminated glass of the present invention. The
laminated glass 10 is prepared by laminating two glass sheets 11a
and 11b and an interliner 12 interposed between these glass sheets.
The interliner 12 has a construction such that an infrared
shielding layer 12c made of a transparent organic resin as the main
material and having infrared shielding fine particles incorporated
and dispersed therein, a sound-insulating layer 12a for insulating
sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz, and an infrared shielding
layer 12b having infrared shielding fine particles incorporated and
dispersed therein, are sequentially laminated. Further, infrared
shielding fine particles may be incorporated in the sound
insulating layer 12a.
[0020] Here, in order to make the mass per 1 m.sup.2 (the surface
density) of the laminated glass at most 12 kg, it is necessary to
make the thickness of each glass sheet constituting the laminated
glass from 1.0 to 2.5 mm, particularly preferably from 1.0 to 2.0
mm. Further, in a case where the laminated glass is constituted by
two glass sheets, it is possible to reduce the weight of the window
glass and to secure adequate strength as a window for an
automobile, by making the thickness of one glass sheet from 1.0 to
1.6 mm and the thickness of another glass sheet from 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
Namely, as shown in FIG. 1B, the thickness t1 of the glass sheet
11a is made thicker than the thickness t2 of the glass sheet 11b
(t1>t2). In this case, it is preferred to mount the laminated
glass to an automobile so that the thick glass sheet will be
located outside and the thin glass sheet is located inside, whereby
it is possible to improve the impact resistance against a flying
object such as a small stone.
[0021] Further, the shape of the laminated glass according to this
embodiment may be a flat sheet shape or a curved shape. Further, it
is particularly preferred that the interliner according to this
embodiment has the following characteristics. Namely, it is
preferred to select an interliner satisfying that the sound
transmittance loss TL of sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz is
at least 35 dB, when the sound transmittance loss is measured by
means of a standard laminated glass (size: 1,480 (mm).times.850
(mm)).
[0022] Second Embodiment
[0023] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second
embodiment of the laminated glass of the present invention. The
laminated glass 20 is prepared by laminating two glass sheets 21a
and 21b and an interliner 22 interposed between these glass sheets.
The interliner 22 has a construction such that a sound-insulating
layer 22a made of a transparent organic resin as a main material
and designed to insulate sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz, and
an infrared shielding layer 22b having infrared shielding fine
particles incorporated and dispersed therein, are sequentially
laminated. Further, the infrared shielding fine particles may be
incorporated to the sound-insulating layer 22a. Further, the
thicknesses of the glass sheets 21a and 21b are the same as in the
case of the first embodiment.
[0024] Third Embodiment
[0025] FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a third
embodiment of the laminated glass of the present invention. The
laminated glass 30 is prepared by laminating two glass sheets 31a
and 31b, and an interliner 32 interposed between these glass
sheets. The interliner 32 is made of the same transparent organic
resin as used in the sound-insulating layers 12a and 22a in the
first and second embodiments, as the main material, and further has
infrared shielding fine particles incorporated and dispersed
therein.
[0026] In a case where the interliner 32 is bonded to the glass
sheets 31a and 31b with sufficient strength, the interliner 32 may
be constituted solely of the sound-insulating/infrared-shielding
layer, as shown in FIG. 3A. However, if the adhesive strength to
the glass sheets is weak, the interliner 33 is preferably
constructed by having polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layers 33b
and 33c interposed between the sound-insulating/infrared-shielding
layer 33a and the glass sheets 31a and 31b, respectively, as shown
in FIG. 3B. Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, the interliner 34 may be
constructed by having PVB layers 34b and 34c interposed between the
sound-insulating/infrared-shielding layer 34a and the glass sheets
31a and 31b, respectively.
[0027] Fourth Embodiment
[0028] FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a fourth
embodiment of the laminated glass of the present invention. The
laminated glass 40 is prepared by laminating at least three glass
sheets 41a, 41b, 41c . . . and interliners 42a, 42b . . .
interposed between the adjacent glass sheets. The interliners 42a,
42b . . . are made of the same transparent organic resin as used
for the sound-insulating layers 12a and 22a in the first and second
embodiments, as the main material, and further has infrared
shielding fine particles incorporated and dispersed therein.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the interliner 42c is made to be a
sound-insulating layer, and the interliner 42d is made to be an
infrared shielding layer.
[0029] In the forgoing, four embodiments have been described, but
the present invention is by no means restricted to them, and
various changes may be made within a range not to depart from the
gist of the present invention. For example, a layer other than the
above-described, may further be laminated within a range not to
influence over the optical characteristics of the laminated glass,
or a metal layer and/or metal oxide layer may be coated on the
glass sheets.
[0030] Composition of the Interliner
[0031] Now, the composition of the interliner to be used in the
above embodiments will be described.
[0032] The sound-insulating layer 12a is a known organic resin
layer having a sound transmittance loss at a frequency of 5,000 Hz
of at most 35 dB. From the viewpoint of production efficiency of
the interliner 12, it is preferred to prepare the sound-insulating
layer 12a by means of a material whereby the film shape can be
maintained by itself. For example, a PVB-modified material, an
ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) type material, a urethane
resin material, a vinyl chloride resin material or a silicone resin
material, may be employed.
[0033] However, in order to increase the sound transmittance loss
at a frequency of 5,000 Hz, it is effective to lower the rigidity
of the interliner as far as possible from the viewpoint of the
coincidence effects. Accordingly, it is preferred to employ one
brittled to a limit where the film state can be maintained (for
example, in a state like a cooled and solidified agar or gelatin).
Specifically, it is preferred to employ, as a sound-insulating
layer, a film having a smaller Rockwell hardness value and a larger
modulus of elasticity and/or elongation than a polyvinylbutyral
(PVB) film which is commonly used for an interliner of a laminated
glass for automobile window.
[0034] Infrared Shielding Fine Particles
[0035] The average particle size of the infrared shielding fine
particles incorporated and dispersed in the infrared shielding
layer or the sound-insulating layer, is preferably at most 0.2
.mu.m, particularly preferably from 0.15 to 0.001 .mu.m. As the
material for the infrared shielding fine particles, inorganic fine
particles made of a metal, oxide, nitride, sulfide or silicide of
Re, Hf, Nb, Sn, Ti, Si, Zn, Zr, Fe, Al, Cr, Co, Ce, In, Ni, Ag, Cu,
Pt, Mn, Ta, W, V and/or Mo, or made of such a material doped with
Sb or F, may be mentioned.
[0036] Further, these fine particles may be used as a single
product or composite. Further, it is effective to use a mixture
having such a single product or composite mixed with an organic
resin or a coated product having such a single product or composite
coated with an organic resin, in order to obtain various properties
required for automobiles. Further, it is possible to use an organic
infrared absorber of a phthalocyanine type or the like as the
infrared shielding fine particles.
[0037] On the other hand, as the infrared shielding fine particles,
at least one or both of antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) fine
particles and tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) fine particles, may be
employed. The ATO fine particles and the ITO fine particles are
excellent in the infrared shielding ability, and when they are
incorporated to the interliner even in a small amount, the desired
infrared shielding ability can be realized. Further, the ITO fine
particles are superior to the ATO fine particles in the infrared
shielding ability, it is particularly preferred to employ the ITO
fine particles as the infrared shielding fine particles.
[0038] In the present invention, it is preferred that the infrared
shielding fine particles are incorporated and dispersed in the
material constituting the interliner in an amount of from 0.1 to 10
parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total mass of the
material constituting the interliner, because by adjusting the
amount to at least 0.1 part by mass, a laminated glass having the
desired infrared shielding ability can be realized, and by
adjusting the amount to at most 10 parts by mass, the haze of the
laminated glass can be minimized, and the appearance of the
laminated glass can be made good.
[0039] Further, in a case where the interliner is constituted by a
single layer, the blend proportion of from 0.1 to 10 parts by mass
per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the material
constituting the interliner, means that the proportion is from 0.1
to 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total mass of the
interliner in such a single layer interliner. On the other hand, in
a case where the interliner is constituted by a plurality of
layers, it means that the sum of masses of infrared shielding fine
particles incorporated and dispersed in the respective layers, is
from 0.1 to 10 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the sum of
masses of all layers constituting the interliner.
[0040] Process for Preparing the Interliner
[0041] Now, a process for producing the interliner will be
described.
[0042] Firstly, the interliners illustrated in FIG. 1A and FIG. 2
will be prepared as follows.
[0043] Infrared shielding fine particles are dispersed in a
plasticizer for an infrared shielding layer. Then, the plasticizer
having infrared shielding fine particles dispersed therein, is
added and dispersed in a resin solution for the infrared shielding
layer, followed by mixing and kneading to obtain a resin material
to be used for the infrared shielding layer. Then, this resin
material and a resin material to be used for a sound-insulating
layer are formed into films by e.g. extrusion molding to obtain an
interliner illustrated in FIG. 1A or FIG. 2. The respective resin
materials may be simultaneously extrusion molded, or separately
extrusion molded films may later be put together, to form the
interliner.
[0044] Further, the interliner illustrated in FIG. 3A may be
prepared as follows.
[0045] To incorporate and disperse infrared shielding fine
particles in a sound-insulating layer, infrared shielding fine
particles are dispersed in a plasticizer for a sound-insulating
layer. Then, the plasticizer having the infrared shielding fine
particles dispersed therein, is added and dispersed in a resin
solution for the sound-insulating layer, followed by mixing and
kneading to obtain a resin material for the sound-insulating layer
containing the infrared shielding fine particles. Then, this resin
material for the sound-insulating layer is subjected to e.g.
extrusion molding to obtain the interliner illustrated in FIG.
3A.
[0046] Further, at the time of adding and dispersing the
plasticizer, other various additives may be added to the resin
solution for the interliner. Such additives may, for example, be
various pigments, organic ultraviolet absorbers or organic infrared
absorbers. Further, as such a plasticizer or solvent for the resin
solution for the interliner, a known plasticizer or solvent may be
used.
[0047] Colored Transparent Glass Sheet
[0048] In a case where the infrared shielding ability is to be
imparted to the interliner by means of infrared shielding fine
particles, the infrared shielding ability can be improved by
increasing the blend amount of the infrared shielding fine
particles. However, if the blend amount of the infrared shielding
fine particles is too much, there will be a problem that the haze
value of the interliner decreases. Accordingly, it is preferred to
use the interliner having the above infrared shielding ability in
combination with a colored transparent glass sheet having the
infrared shielding ability.
[0049] As the colored transparent glass sheet, it is preferred to
employ a green-colored soda lime silica glass. Namely, it is
preferred to employ a glass sheet made of soda lime silica glass
containing from 0.3 to 1% by mass of total iron calculated as
Fe.sub.2O.sub.3. It is particularly preferred to employ a glass
sheet made of a soda lime silica glass wherein the mass of FeO
calculated as Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 in the total iron calculated as
Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 and represented by mass percentage, is from 20 to
40%. Further, it is preferred that the sum of contents of total
iron calculated as Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 contained in the respective
glass sheets constituting a laminated glass specimen of 1 cm.sup.2
cut out from the laminated glass, is from 2 to 7 mg.
[0050] Now, Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention and
Comparative Examples 1 to 4 will be described. However, it should
be understood that the present invention is by no means restricted
by such Examples. The laminated glass in each Example is prepared
by the following procedure.
[0051] Namely, a sandwich assembly having an interliner sandwiched
between two glass sheets, was prepared, and this sandwich assembly
was put into an aluminum pack, deaerated for 10 minutes under
reduced pressure at a level of an absolute pressure of 10 kPa and
maintained in the deaerated state for 30 minutes in an oven of
120.degree. C. Thereafter, the sandwich assembly having the glass
sheets and the interliner provisionally bonded, was put into an
autoclave and subjected to thermo-compression bonding under a
pressure of 1.3 MPa at a temperature of 135.degree. C., to obtain a
laminated glass.
[0052] Then, with respect to the prepared laminated glass, the
surface density (kg/m.sup.2), the solar radiation transmittance
T.sub.e (%) and the sound-insulating property (the sound
transmittance loss TL [dB] of sounds having a frequency of 5,000 Hz
of a standard laminated glass having a size of 1,480 (mm).times.850
(mm)), of the laminated glass, were measured. The solar radiation
transmittance T.sub.e was obtained in accordance with JIS R3106
after measuring the transmittance by means of a spectrophotometer
(U4000, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). The sound-insulating
property was measured in accordance with JIS A1416 in an atmosphere
at a temperature of 25.degree. C. at intervals of 1/3 octave. The
measured results are shown in Table 1.
EXAMPLE 1
[0053] A laminated glass of Example 1 was constructed by glass
sheets (thicknesses of the respective glass sheets: 1.4 mm and 1.8
mm) made of green colored soda lime silica glass (Sungreen,
manufactured by Asahi Glass Company, Limited) and an interliner
made of EVA.
[0054] The interliner was prepared as follows.
[0055] 99.5 parts by mass of film-form EVA (manufactured by
Bridgestone Corporation) pulverized into pellets and 0.5 part by
mass of ITO fine particles (average particle. size: at most 0.02
.mu.m), were kneaded and mixed by a three-roll mill at about
180.degree. C. for about 15 minutes. Then, the obtained
film-forming resin material was filmed in a thickness of about 0.8
mm by means of an embossing machine at a temperature of about
190.degree. C. and wound up on a roll. Then, in order to improve
the dispersed state of the infrared shielding fine particles, the
above step was repeated twice to obtain an interliner 32 of FIG.
3A.
EXAMPLE 2
[0056] A laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in
Example 1 except that in Example 2, the interliner was prepared as
follows.
[0057] The interliner of Example 2 was prepared by laminating the
after-mentioned layers a and b. 25 g of 3 GH (triethylene.glycol
bis(2-ethyl butyrate)) having ITO fine particles (average particle
size: at most 0.02 .mu.m) dispersed therein (amount of ITO fine
particles: 20% by mass), 115 g of usual 3GH and 360 g of PVB were
respectively prepared, and they were put into a PVB resin, followed
by kneading and mixing by a three-roll mill at about 70.degree. C.
for about 15 minutes. Then, the obtained film-forming resin
material was filmed in a thickness of about 0.4 mm by means of an
embossing machine at a temperature of about 190.degree. C. and
wound up on a roll to obtain a layer a. Then, on the layer a, a
sound-insulating interliner having a thickness of about 0.4 mm
Eslex film acoustic, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.:
layer b) was overlaid to obtain an interliner 22 of FIG. 2.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
[0058] A laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in
Example 1 except that a PVB film having a thickness of 0.8 mm was
used as an interliner, and two glass sheets made of green-colored
soda lime silica glass and having a thickness of 2.3 mm, were
used.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2
[0059] A laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in
Comparative Example 1 except that the thicknesses of the two glass
sheets were changed to 1.4 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3
[0060] A laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in
Example 1, except that no ITO fine particles were dispersed in the
interliner.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 4
[0061] A laminated glass was prepared in the same manner as in
Example 2 except that the layer a having a thickness of about 0.8
mm was used alone as an interliner.
1 TABLE 1 Surface Solar Sound density of radiation transmission
glass sheet transmittance loss at 5,000 (kg/m.sup.2) (T.sub.e (%))
Hz (TL(dB)) Example 1 8.8 45 36 Example 2 8.9 45 37 Comparative
12.4 52 38 Example 1 Comparative 8.9 58 34 Example 2 Comparative
8.9 58 36 Example 3 Comparative 8.9 45 34 Example 4
[0062] As is evident from the above results, in Examples 1 and 2,
deterioration of the infrared shielding ability and the
sound-insulating ability can be prevented, in spite of the fact
that the surface density is not more than 12 kg/m.sup.2.
[0063] As described in the foregoing, the present invention
provides a laminated glass, whereby weight reduction of an
automobile can be accomplished while avoiding a disadvantage such
as deterioration of the infrared shielding ability and
deterioration of the sound-insulating ability. Particularly, the
laminated glass of the present invention can effectively shield
sounds having a frequency in the vicinity of 5,000 Hz which impair
the comfortableness in the car.
[0064] Further, the present invention is applicable not only to a
front glass or a door glass of an automobile, but also applicable
to a window glass of other vehicles or air crafts, buildings,
etc.
[0065] The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No.
2001-56974 filed on Mar. 1, 2001 including specification, claims,
drawings and summary are incorporated herein by reference in its
entirety.
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