U.S. patent application number 10/733618 was filed with the patent office on 2004-07-01 for magnification viewer.
This patent application is currently assigned to Kerr Corporation. Invention is credited to Buchroeder, Richard Alfred, Bushroe, Frederick Nicholas, Caplan, Charles Howard, Ford, Anthony Ralph.
Application Number | 20040125444 10/733618 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 22045829 |
Filed Date | 2004-07-01 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040125444 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Caplan, Charles Howard ; et
al. |
July 1, 2004 |
Magnification viewer
Abstract
A housing for a magnification loupe is provided having a body
portion for an eyepiece lens and a nose portion for an objective
lens. The body portion for the eyepiece lens includes outer
circumferential threads over which the objective nose portion fits.
The objective nose portion includes a pin slot defining an arc
across the body of the nose. The arc is configured such that a pin
may be secured through the holes in the nose piece to co-act with
the threads of the eyepiece body such that radial movement is
prohibited.
Inventors: |
Caplan, Charles Howard;
(Middleton, WI) ; Buchroeder, Richard Alfred;
(Tucson, AZ) ; Bushroe, Frederick Nicholas;
(Tucson, AZ) ; Ford, Anthony Ralph; (Tucson,
AZ) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WOOD, HERRON & EVANS, L.L.P.
2700 Carew Tower
441 Vine St.
Cincinnati
OH
45202
US
|
Assignee: |
Kerr Corporation
Orange
CA
|
Family ID: |
22045829 |
Appl. No.: |
10/733618 |
Filed: |
December 11, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10733618 |
Dec 11, 2003 |
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09761086 |
Jan 15, 2001 |
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6704142 |
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09761086 |
Jan 15, 2001 |
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09062936 |
Apr 20, 1998 |
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6201640 |
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60069496 |
Dec 15, 1997 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
359/422 ;
359/418 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B 25/004 20130101;
G02C 7/088 20130101; G02B 7/002 20130101; A61B 2090/502
20160201 |
Class at
Publication: |
359/422 ;
359/418 |
International
Class: |
G03C 001/00 |
Claims
We claim:
1. A magnification loupe carried by spectacles, comprising: a
two-element eyepiece lens; a three-element objective lens; and a
two-element prism disposed between said eyepiece lens and said
objective lens; the loupe having a working distance in the range of
approximately 12 inches to approximately 24 inches; the loupe
having a magnification in the range of approximately 3.3 to
approximately 4.8; the spacing S.sub.1 between said eyepiece lens
and said prism, along an optical centerline, in the range of
approximately 3.63 mm to approximately 25.16 mm; wherein the said
lenses and said prism are constructed and arranged according to the
following parameters:
25 Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness Diameter Sep. I Ohara
1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27 R.sub.2 = 12.45 II
Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W R.sub.3 = 36.00
Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.2 = 3.41 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.3
= 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41
S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara 1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0
S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4
PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4
BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5
S-LAM2 R.sub.9 = 25.11
wherein the Roman numerals I-VI identify respective lens elements
of said eyepiece lens and said objective lens, from eyepoint side
to object side; nd represents the refractive index of each element;
vd is the Abbe dispersion number; R1-R9 represent the radii, in
millimeters, of the respective refractive surfaces, in order from
the eyepiece side to the object side; and the thickness and
separation parameters represent the thicknesses of the lens
elements and the air spaces, respectively, in millimeters, from the
eyepoint side to the object side, measured along an optical
centerline.
2. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 12 inches, a magnification of 3.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece and said prism is 6.96 mm.
3. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 16 inches, a magnification of 3.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 5.1 mm.
4. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 24 inches, a magnification of 3.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 3.63 mm.
5. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 12 inches, a magnification of 3.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 12.38 mm.
6. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 16 inches, a magnification of 3.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 9.92 mm.
7. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 24 inches, a magnification of 3.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 8.02 mm.
8. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 12 inches, a magnification of 4.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 18.7 mm.
9. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 16 inches, a magnification of 4.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 15.56 mm.
10. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 24 inches, a magnification of 4.3 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 13.13 mm.
11. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 12 inches, a magnification of 4.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 25.16 mm.
12. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 16 inches, a magnification of 4.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 21.23 mm.
13. The magnification loupe of claim 1, wherein the loupe has a
working distance of 24 inches, a magnification of 4.8 and said
spacing between said eyepiece lens and said prism is 18.22 mm.
Description
[0001] This application is a divisional of application Ser. No.
09/761,086 filed Jan. 15, 2001 (now pending) which is a
continuation of application Ser. No. 09/062,936 filed Apr. 20,
1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,201,640, the disclosure of which is fully
incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to magnification viewers worn
by surgeons and dentists. In particular, the invention relates to
an assembly for optical views or loupes which allow a user to
adjust an objective lens at a predetermined distance from an
eyepiece lens to vary the focal point.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Magnification viewers, including, but not limited to, pairs
of magnification loupes, are worn by dentists and surgeons for
extended periods of time during clinical procedures. These viewers
are worn to provide clarity of view while avoiding a hunched-over
position that can result over time in debilitating neck and back
strain, which can also have an adverse effect on the success of the
operation. The viewers permit the clinician to operate at a greater
working distance from the patient. Higher magnification viewers
also reduce the clinician's exposure to aerosols.
[0004] Because clinicians use magnification viewers during surgery
and other procedure requiring manual precision, it is important
that the viewers be light-weight, comfortable and have good clarity
and wide field of vision while providing high magnification and
good depth of field.
[0005] Surgical telescopes may be attached to a spectacle frame in
one of two manners: outside-the-carrier or prescription lens
("outside-the-lens"), on an adjustment mechanism that provides for
adjustment of the interpupillary distance and convergent angle
variability, or through-the-lens, permanently cemented and fixed in
place. Magnification viewers used by surgeons and dentists
typically have a predetermined magnification. Neither the working
distance nor the magnification may be changed without a tedious
process of replacing either individual lens elements or the entire
optical loupes themselves. Accordingly, there is a need for a
simple method for changing the magnification of viewers being worn
by a surgeon or dentist, as well as for altering the working
distance of viewers having a particular magnification.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a
housing for a magnification loupe is provided having an eyepiece
portion for an eyepiece lens and a nose portion for an objective
lens. The body portion for the eyepiece lens includes outer
circumferential threads over which the objective nose portion fits.
The objective nose portion includes a pair of apertures for
receiving a pin. The apertures are configured such that the pin
forms a chord across the body of the nose portion and co-acts with
the threads of the eyepiece body forming an axial mechanical stop
to prevent the nose portion from being removed during
adjustment.
[0007] Magnification loupes, according to the present invention,
include a nose housing for an objective lens and a body housing for
an eyepiece lens. The system is configured such that the
magnification of the magnification loupe may be changed simply by
removing the nose housing and replacing it with another. The
working distance for a particular magnification level may be
adjusted by threading or unthreading the nose housing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] A better understanding of the present invention is obtained
when the following detailed description is considered in
conjunction with the following drawings in which:
[0009] FIGS. 1A-1C are perspective views of a magnification loupe
in accordance with the present invention illustrating the
connection of a pair of magnification loupes according to an
embodiment of the present invention secured through the lenses of a
pair of spectacles forming a magnification viewer in accordance
with the present invention;
[0010] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of magnification loupes
according to the present invention secured to an adjustable nose
piece for securing to a pair of spectacles;
[0011] FIG. 3A is an exploded perspective view of the magnification
loupes assembly for the magnification loupes of FIGS. 1 and 2;
[0012] FIG. 3B is a side cross-sectional view of the magnification
loupe of FIG. 3A;
[0013] FIG. 4 is a side-elevation view of a nose housing forming a
portion of the magnification viewers of FIGS. 1 and 2;
[0014] FIGS. 5A and 5B are side cross-sectional views and detail
side cross-sectional views, respectively, of the housing of FIG.
4;
[0015] FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the nose housing of FIGS. 4 and
5;
[0016] FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the eyepiece housing of
FIGS. 1 and 2;
[0017] FIGS. 8A-8C are side cross-sectional views of the housing of
FIG. 7, including details thereof;
[0018] FIG. 9 is a top plan view of the eyepiece housing of FIGS. 7
and 8;
[0019] FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a spacer for the
magnification loupes of FIGS. 1 and 2;
[0020] FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of the spacer of FIG.
10;
[0021] FIG. 12 is a top elevational view of the spacer of FIGS. 10
and 11;
[0022] FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a field stop of the
magnification viewer of FIGS. 1-3;
[0023] FIG. 14 is a side cross-sectional view of the spacer of FIG.
13;
[0024] FIG. 15 is a top plan view of the spacer of FIGS. 13 and
14;
[0025] FIG. 16 is a side elevational view of an objective lens
retainer ring of the magnification loupes of FIGS. 1-3;
[0026] FIG. 17 is a side cross-sectional view of the objective
retainer of FIG. 16;
[0027] FIG. 18 is a top plan view of the objective retainer of
FIGS. 16 and 17;
[0028] FIGS. 19A and 19B are exploded perspective views of a prism
assembly for the magnification loupes of FIGS. 1-3;
[0029] FIGS. 20A, 20B and 21-22 illustrate a prism for the prism
assembly of FIGS. 19A and 19B;
[0030] FIGS. 23-26 illustrate the prims assembly of FIG. 19;
[0031] FIGS. 27-29 illustrate the roof prism of the prism assembly
of FIG. 19;
[0032] FIGS. 30-32 illustrate the second prism of the prism
assembly of FIG. 19;
[0033] FIG. 33 is a diagram of the optical layout of the
magnification loupe of FIG. 31; and
[0034] FIG. 34 is an optical layout diagram of the optical loupe of
FIG. 31, according to an alternate embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] Turning now to the drawings and with particular attention to
FIG. 1, a magnification viewer 10 including a pair of spectacles
100 with through-the-lens magnification loupes 106a, 106b. As
illustrated, the magnification loupes 106a, 106b are of the
Keplerian design. The spectacles 100 include carrier lenses 102a,
102b. The carrier lenses 102a, 102b may be either piano lenses or
prescription lenses. The magnification loupes 106a, 106b are fixed
in the carrier lenses 102a, 102b to provide stereoscopic vision.
The magnification loupes 106a, 106b are set at the user's
interpupillary distance converging to a desired working distance,
for example, anywhere from 12 to 24 or 13 to 21 inches. As will be
discussed in greater detail below, from a selected working
distance, the user has the option to vary the viewing distance by
rotating the objective lens housing or nose housing 108a, 108b of
each magnification loupe 106a, 106b to the desired focus. As will
be discussed in more detail below, one of the objective lens
housings 108a, 108b and one of the eyepiece housings 110a, 110b are
formed with threads, which cooperate with a pin attached to the
other housing to form a threaded coupling. The eyepiece housings,
110a, 110b, in turn, are secured to the carrier lenses 102a, 102b
by various techniques, including a friction fit or with an
adhesive, such as epoxy. Alternatively, the eyepiece housings 110a,
110b may be secured to the carrier lenses 102a, 102b by way of
known threading on the outside of the eyepiece housings 110a, 110b
matching threading on the carrier lenses 102a, 102b.
[0036] As will be discussed in greater detail below, magnifications
of 3.3.times., 3.8.times., 4.3.times. and 4.8.times. are possible,
according to one embodiment of the invention to provide a wide
range of selection. For each magnification, working distances of
about 12", 16" and 24" may be provided. The carrier lenses 102a,
102b normally enable a user to focus comfortably at 500 mm, about
-2D, a typical reading distance. The magnification loupes 106a,
106b, as will be discussed in greater detail below, further include
a prism system (FIGS. 19-32). Each magnification loupe uses an
identical prism and eyepiece lens system. For different
magnifications, only the objective lenses are changed. The user may
create depth of field by adjusting the focal distance of each eye
depending upon the operation being performed. the focuses of each
of the magnification loupes 106a, 106b may be changed
independently. The aperture for the objective lens has been reduced
in size to provide an increase in depth of field at high
magnifications while still providing substantial light.
[0037] Turning now to FIG. 2, an alternative configuration of the
magnification loupes 106a, 106b of FIG. 1 is illustrated. It is
noted that for the lens system 20 of FIG. 2, the optical
configurations of the magnification loupes 206a, 206b are different
from the through-the-lens configuration of FIG. 1, but the barrels
or housings are similar in that only the objective lens need be
changed to provide different magnifications. The prism and eyepiece
remain the same. The optical system 20 of FIG. 2 includes a pair of
spectacles 200 including a pair of carrier lenses 202a, 202b and a
binocular magnification viewer 25, including a pair of
magnification loupes 206a, 206b. As discussed in U.S. Pat. No.
5,667,291, the binocular magnification viewer 25 may be attached to
the spectacles 200 by a pivot member 250. Alternatively, the
magnification loupes 206a, 206b, may be mounted close to the
spectacle lenses, for example, about 0.5 mm from the carrier lenses
202a, 202b. The pivot member 250, in turn, is attached to a bridge
258 which includes a bridge adjustment knob 252 for adjusting a
pair of extension of arms 254, 256 to enable the interpupillary
distances of the loupes 206a, 206b to be adjusted. The
interpupillary distance of the magnification loupes 206a, 206b may
further be adjusted by knobs 260a, 260b. The binocular
magnification viewer 25 may be secured to the spectacles 200 by way
of a clip, screws, glue or other known methods.
[0038] Mechanical Characteristics
[0039] Turning now to FIG. 3A, an exploded perspective view of the
magnification loupes 106 in accordance with the present invention
are shown. For the purposes of this discussion, only one of the
magnification loupes 106 and its components shall be discussed. It
is understood, however, that all descriptions are equally
applicable to loupe 106b and its components. The magnification
loupes 106a include a nose or objective housing 108a and a body or
eyepiece housing 110a. As illustrated, the objective housing 108a
includes a frusto-conical front portion 350 and a generally
cylindrical rear portion 352. It is noted that the housing 108a may
be of different shapes; thus, FIG. 3 is exemplary only. The
objective housing 108a includes a pair of apertures 304. The
apertures 304 are configured to receive a pin 302 such that the pin
302 defines a chord across the cylindrical rear portion 352 of the
objective housing 108a. More particularly with reference to FIG.
3B, the objective housing 108a includes an interior surface 308
which engages an exterior surface 307 of the eyepiece housing 110a.
Spiral threads 306 are formed into the surface of the eyepiece
housing 110a. The apertures 304 are located in the objective
housing 108a so that the pin 302 engage the spirals or threads 306.
The pin 302 enables a threaded coupling between the two housings
106a and 108a even through only one housing 110a is formed with
threads. The threaded coupling between the housings 106a and 108a
permits the working distance of the loupes 106a and 106b to be
adjusted by rotating the objective housing 108a relative to the
eyepiece housing 110a, which in turn, varies the distance between
the eyepiece and objective lenses which varies the working distance
between the loupes 106a and 106b.
[0040] Another important aspect of the invention is that the
configuration allows the magnification of the loupes 106a and 106b
to be rather easily changed. More particularly, the pin 302 may be
removably mounted relative to the objective housing 108a or fixedly
mounted with the use of epoxy. Depending on the embodiment, the
magnification of the loupe can be rather easily changed at the
factory or by the user, or both. In particular, as will be
discussed in more detail below, the magnification of the loupe 106a
is changed simply by changing the objective lens in the loupe 106a.
The objective lenses are easily changed by removing the pin 302
which enables the objective housing 108a to be removed so that the
objective lens 312 can be removed and replaced. As will be
discussed in more detail below, an important aspect of the
invention relates to the ability to vary the magnification of the
loupe 106a.
[0041] As best illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the objective lens
312 is configured to rest within a first interior portion 360 of
the objective housing 108a. The interior portion 360 includes a
circumferential slot 311 for seating an O-ring 310 therein. The
objective lens 312 rests against the O-ring 310 and is engaged in
place by a threaded retainer ring 314. The retainer ring 314
includes external threads to engage corresponding threads on the
interior portion 360 of the objective housing 1 08a.
[0042] Additional details concerning the objective housing 108a are
illustrated in FIGS. 4-6. For example, the exterior of the
objective housing 108a may include a knurled portion 109 for easy
engagement of the objective housing 108a to the eyepiece housing
110a.
[0043] The eyepiece housing 110a, illustrated in greater detail in
FIGS. 7-9, includes a forward engagement portion 307 and a rear
cylindrical portion 309. As discussed above, the forward engagement
portion 307 includes threads 306 for engagement with the pin 302.
It is noted that according to one embodiment of the invention, the
threads 306 are circular threads rather than notched or V-shaped
threads so as to more effectively engage the pin 302. The eyepiece
housing 110a includes internal threads 340 positioned where the
engagement housing 307 meets the rear cylindrical portion 309. The
threads 340 are configured to engage the threads 341 of the field
stop 318 (FIGS. 3A, 3B). The rear cylindrical portion 309 of the
eyepiece housing 110a further includes a circumferential platform
344, configured to receive a lens 332, for example, a prescription
lens. The lens 332 is held in place against the platform 344 in
contact with a prescription lens O-ring 340 and a retainer ring
334, which has external threads that engage the internal threads
342 of the eyepiece housing 110a. In the embodiment illustrated,
the rear cylindrical portion 309 of the housing 110a is configured
to be fastened to the carrier lens 102a by way of a suitable
adhesive, such as epoxy. In an alternative embodiment, however, the
rear cylindrical portion 309 may be provided with threads to engage
similar threads in the carrier lens.
[0044] The forward engagement portion 307 of the eyepiece housing
110a is further configured to receive a prism assembly 316 (FIGS.
19A, 19B). The prism assembly 316 includes a prism holder 317
including a pair of arms 319a, 319b, a base portion 321, and is
adapted to fit within the housing 110a. The forward portions of the
arms 319a, 319b include circular cutout portions 323a, 323b,
respectively, to engage a holder ring 402. The holder ring 402 is
configured, when attached in place (such as by an adhesive), to
secure the prism elements 404, 406, 408. According to one
embodiment, the prism elements (FIGS. 20a-22) form a roof-pechan
prism separated by a spacer 408. The spacer 408 is formed, for
example, of a blackened ridge metal with a six millimeter diameter
hole centered on the optical axis. The prism surfaces on opposite
sides of the spacer are generally parallel. The individual elements
of the roof pechan prism 404, 406 are illustrated in FIGS. 23-27
and 28-30, respectively. The prism elements are formed from Schott
BAK4 or LAK10 glass.
[0045] Turning back to FIGS. 3A-3B, the base of the prism assembly
316 is configured to rest against a rear wall 351 of the forward
engagement portion 307 at approximately the position where it
engages the rear cylindrical portion 309. A field stop 318 (FIGS.
13-15) having external threads 341 engages the corresponding
internal threads 340 of the housing 110a. The field stop 318
further includes internal grooves 343. The rear cylindrical portion
309 of the housing 110 further houses the eyepiece lens elements.
As shown, the eyepiece lens includes elements 320 and 324,
separated by a spacer 322. The spacer 322 is illustrated in FIGS.
10-12 and may include internal concentric grooves 329 which form a
light baffle. Finally, the eyepiece lens 324 rests against the
platform 344.
[0046] The exterior of the engagement housing 307 includes a pair
of concentric circumferential grooves 325, 327 configured to
receive the O-rings 326, 328, respectively. The O-rings 326, 328
additionally function to self-center the objective housing 108a and
hence, the objective lens 312 relative to the eyepiece housing
110a.
[0047] While the configuration described and shown with regard to
FIGS. 3A-3B relates to a through-the-lens viewer, a similar
configuration may be used in the outside-the-lens system shown in
FIG. 2. Such a system may be used without a prescription lens and,
as will be described in greater detail below, a different eyepiece
system.
[0048] Optical Characteristics
[0049] Turning now to FIG. 33, a diagram illustrating the optical
layout of the magnification loupe 106a of FIGS. 1 and 3A, 3B is
shown. The magnification loupe 106a as illustrated in FIG. 33
includes a two-element objective lens including elements I-II and
including a three-element eyepiece including elements III-V. R1, R2
etc., represent the radii of respective refractive surfaces; S1-S5
represent the thickness of the air spaces; and T1, T2, etc.,
represent the thicknesses of the lens elements. As discussed above,
according to one embodiment of the invention, magnifications of
3.3.times., 3.8.times., 4.3.times. and 4.8.times. are provided. All
magnifications use the same prism and eyepiece lens system. As
shown in FIGS. 28 and 32, the prior angle .varies. may be used in
the range 45.degree.-49.degree., preferably 48.degree. to increase
the optical performance of the device while the prism angle B (FIG.
32) may be selected to be 24.degree.. Thus, a common eyepiece
housing 110a and optical elements included therein may be used for
all of the magnifications. As discussed above, only the objective
lens needs to be changed in order to alter the magnification.
[0050] The user may create a depth of field by adjusting the focal
distance of each eye differently depending on the operation being
performed. For example, a heart surgeon may wish to view the entire
depth of the heart at high magnification previously unattainable in
conventional magnification systems where depth of field is limited.
This can be accomplished by adjusting the focus of the left eye
one-inch beyond the right. When both eyes are then opened, the
heart can be viewed in its entirety. However, a dentist may only
require the depth of the coronal portion of the tooth to be in
focus and thus would only separate the focus by a millimeter or
two. Alternatively, both magnification loupes can be precisely
focused at the same distance for procedures requiring the highest
resolution. The following exemplary fields of view may be
provided:
[0051] 93 m @ 3.3.times.@ 16" WD
[0052] 82 m @ 3.8.times.@ 16" WD
[0053] 72 m @ 4.3.times.@ 16" WD
[0054] 65 m @ 4.8.times.@ 16"WD
[0055] Exemplary construction data for a magnification loupe built
according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3 are given in Tables
I-XII. The radii, thickness, and separation dimensions are given in
millimeters. Roman numerals identify the lens elements in their
respective order from the objective side to the eyepoint side;
n.sub.d represents the refractive index of each element; v.sub.d is
the abbe dispersion number; R1, R1, etc., represent the radii of
the respective refractive surfaces in order from the objective side
to the eyepoint side; T1, T2, etc., represent the thicknesses of
the lens elements from the objective side to the eyepoint side; S1,
S2, etc., represent the thicknesses of air spaces respectively from
the objective side to the eyepoint side measured along the optical
centerline. Again, it is noted that the prism/objective distance
can differ by about 2.5 mm if BAK4 glass is used, rather than
LAK10, as in the tables.
[0056] FIG. 34 illustrates an embodiment of the present invention
having long eye relief characteristics. Again, the system shown in
FIG. 34 employs the same prism and eyepieces, but separate
objective doublets for each level of magnification. The objective
doublets and the prism, however, are the same as for the
through-the-lens embodiment shown in FIG. 33. Additionally, only
the eyepiece lens is changed from the through-the-lens
configuration. As compared the embodiment of FIG. 33 eye relief
(the distance to exit pupil) has been improved from about 17.8 mm
to about 22.8 mm.
[0057] In particular, the viewer according to FIG. 34 includes the
two-element or doublet objective including elements I-II and a
four-element eyepiece lens including elements III-VI. R1, R2, etc.,
again represent the radii of respective refractive surfaces; S1,
S2, etc., represent the thicknesses of the air spaces; and T1, T2,
etc., represent the thicknesses of the lens elements.
[0058] Exemplary construction data for loupes according to the
embodiment of FIG. 34 are given in Tables XIII-XXIV.
1TABLE I 3.3X (12" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 6.96 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0059]
2TABLE II 3.3X (16" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 5.01 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0060]
3TABLE III 3.3X (24" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd
Radius ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4
BAH 27 R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5
13.4 PBH6W R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 3.63 A
LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6= 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0061]
4TABLE IV 3.8X (12" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.04 4.0 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 14.61 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 14.61 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 12.38 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0062]
5TABLE V 3.8X (16" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.04 4.0 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 14.61 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 14.61 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 9.92 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0063]
6TABLE VI 3.8X (24" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.04 4.0 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 14.61 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 14.61 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 8.02 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0064]
7TABLE VII 4.3X (12" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd
Radius ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 50.15 4.0 13.4
BAH 27 R.sub.2 = 16.00 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 16.00 1.5
13.4 PBH6W R.sub.3 = 47.79 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 18.07
A LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4
1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86
III Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 =
13.00 IV Ohara 1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 =
13.00 V Ohara 1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 =
94.04
[0065]
8TABLE VIII 4.3X (16" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd
Radius ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 50.15 4.0 13.4
BAH 27 R.sub.2 = 16.00 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 16.00 1.5
13.4 PBH6W R.sub.3 = 47.79 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 15.56
A LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4
1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86
III Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 =
13.00 IV Ohara 1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 =
13.00 V Ohara 1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 =
94.04
[0066]
9TABLE IX 4.3X (24" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 50.15 4.0 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 16.00 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 16.00 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 47.79 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 13.13 A LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13
S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III Ohara
1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV Ohara
1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V Ohara
1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 = 94.04
[0067]
10TABLE X 4.8X (12" WD) Di- Ele- Thick- am- ment Glass nd vd Radius
ness eter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 61.12 4.0 13.4 BAH 27 II Ohara
1.8052 25.4 16.98 1.5 13.4 SFL6 Prism BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 =
25.16 A LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism BAK4
1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 B LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86
III Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 =
13.00 IV Ohara 1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 =
13.00 V Ohara 1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 =
94.04
[0068]
11TABLE XI 4.8X (16" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 61.12 4.0 13.4 BAH 27 II Ohara
1.8052 25.4 16.98 1.5 13.4 SFL6 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 =
21.23 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism B BAK4
1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III
Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV
Ohara 1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V
Ohara 1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 =
94.04
[0069]
12TABLE XII 4.8X (24" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 61.12 4.0 13.4 BAH 27 II Ohara
1.8052 25.4 16.98 1.5 13.4 SFL6 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 =
18.22 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 7.04 Prism B BAK4
1.5688 56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.05 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 17.86 III
Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.3 = 44.00 2.0 15.4 PBH6W R.sub.4 = 13.00 IV
Ohara 1.4875 70.2 R.sub.5 = 13.00 6.5 15.4 FSL5 R.sub.6 = 13.00 V
Ohara 1.6700 47.3 R.sub.7 = 15.59 3.0 15.4 BAH10 R.sub.8 =
94.04
[0070]
13TABLE XIII 3.3X (12" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 6.96 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0071]
14TABLE XIV 3.3X (16" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 5.1 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0072]
15TABLE XV 3.3X (24" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 3.63 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0073]
16TABLE XVI 3.8X (12" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 12.38 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0074]
17TABLE XVII 3.8X (16" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 9.92 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0075]
18TABLE XVIII 3.8X (24" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 8.02 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0076]
19TABLE XIX 4.3X (12" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 18.7 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0077]
20TABLE XVIII 4.3X (16" WD) Thick- Element Glass nd vd Radius ness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 15.56 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0078]
21TABLE XXI 4.3X (24" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 13.13 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0079]
22TABLE XXII 4.8X (12" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 25.16 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0080]
23TABLE XXIII 4.8X (16" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 21.23 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0081]
24TABLE XXIV 4.8X (24" WD) Element Glass nd vd Radius Thickness
Diameter Sep. I Ohara 1.7015 41.2 R.sub.1 = 42.19 3.5 13.4 BAH 27
R.sub.2 = 12.45 II Ohara 1.8052 25.4 R.sub.2 = 12.45 1.5 13.4 PBH6W
R.sub.3 = 36.00 Prism A BAK4 1.5688 56.13 S.sub.1 = 18.22 LAK10
1.7200 50.41 S.sub.2 = 3.41 S.sub.3 = 2.33 Prism B BAK4 1.5688
56.13 S.sub.4 = 0.5 LAK10 1.7200 50.41 S.sub.5 = 22.8 III Ohara
1.5410 47.2 R.sub.4 = PLANO 3.0 12.0 S-TIL2 R.sub.5 = 12.61 IV
Ohara 1.923 21.3 R.sub.5 = 12.61 1.5 15.4 PBH71 R.sub.6 = 12.61 V
SCHOTT 1.5168 64.2 R.sub.7 = 10.06 7.1 15.4 BK7 R.sub.6 = 12.61 VI
SCHOTT 1.744 44.8 R.sub.8 = 25.11 4.7 17.5 S-LAM2 R.sub.9 =
25.11
[0082] The invention described in the above detailed description is
not intended to be limited to the specific form set forth herein,
but, on the contrary, is intended to cover such alternative,
modifications and equivalents as can reasonably be included within
the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
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