U.S. patent application number 10/433638 was filed with the patent office on 2004-06-17 for homocinetic fixed joint.
Invention is credited to Harz, Peter, Krude, Werner.
Application Number | 20040116192 10/433638 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 7665738 |
Filed Date | 2004-06-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040116192 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Krude, Werner ; et
al. |
June 17, 2004 |
Homocinetic fixed joint
Abstract
A constant velocity fixed joint having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part comprises a first longitudinal
axis and an attaching part and an aperture which are axially
opposed relative to one another, as well as outer ball tracks; an
inner joint part comprises a second longitudinal axis and inner
ball tracks; the track base lines of the pairs of tracks each form
an opening angle relative to one another which opens from the
aperture to the attaching part; the track base lines of the outer
ball tracks of the pairs of tracks, at the attaching part end, form
a radius whose centre is positioned on the first longitudinal axis
and is offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1 from the central plane of
the outer joint part towards the attaching part, and move away from
a circle with said radius outwardly towards the aperture end; the
track base lines of the inner ball tracks of the pairs of tracks,
at the aperture end, comprise a radius whose centre is positioned
on the second longitudinal axis and is offset by a second offset
OFF.sub.2 from the central plane of the inner joint part towards
the aperture, and move away from a circle with said radius
outwardly towards the attaching part end.
Inventors: |
Krude, Werner;
(Neunkirchen-Seelscheid, DE) ; Harz, Peter;
(Hennef, DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Robert P Renke
Artz & Artz
Suite 250
28333 Telegraph Road
Southfield
MI
48034
US
|
Family ID: |
7665738 |
Appl. No.: |
10/433638 |
Filed: |
January 8, 2004 |
PCT Filed: |
November 21, 2001 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP01/13499 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
464/145 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16D 3/2237 20130101;
F16D 3/2245 20130101; F16D 2003/22306 20130101; F16D 2003/22309
20130101; Y10S 464/906 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
464/145 |
International
Class: |
F16D 003/16 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 4, 2000 |
DE |
100 60 220.7 |
Claims
1. A constant velocity fixed joint (11) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (12) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.12) and an attaching part (14) and an
aperture (16) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (17); an inner joint part (22) comprises
a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) and inner ball tracks (24);
the outer ball tracks (17) comprise centre lines (S.sub.12) and
track base lines which extend at equal distances therefrom, which
are curved and extend in planes through the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.12); the inner ball tracks (24) comprise centre lines
(S.sub.22) and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.22); the outer ball tracks (17) and the
inner ball tracks (24) form pairs of tracks with one another which
each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); a ball cage (29) is
positioned between the outer joint part (12) and the inner joint
part (22) and comprises circumferentially distributed cage windows
which each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); the centres of
the balls are held by the cage (29) in a central plane (E) when the
joint is in an aligned condition and in the angle-bisecting plane
(E') when the joint is in an articulated condition; when the joint
is in an aligned condition, the centre lines (S.sub.12, S.sub.22)
of the pairs of tracks are mirror-symmetrical relative to one
another with reference to the central plane (E) and when the joint
is articulated, they are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another
with reference to the angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base
lines of the pairs of tracks diverge from one another running from
the aperture (16) to the attaching part (14); the track base lines
of the outer ball tracks (17) of the pairs of tracks, at the
attaching part end, form a radius r.sub.a whose centre (Z.sub.1) is
positioned on the first longitudinal axis (L.sub.12) so as to be
offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1 from the central plane
(E.sub.12) of the outer joint part towards the attaching part, and
said track base lines diverge from a circle with said radius
r.sub.a outwardly towards the aperture end; the track base lines of
the inner ball tracks (24) of the pairs of tracks, at the aperture
end, comprise a radius r.sub.i whose centre (Z.sub.2) is positioned
on the second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) so as to be offset by a
second offset OFF.sub.2 from the central plane (E.sub.22) of the
inner joint part towards the aperture, and said track base lines
diverge from a circle with said radius r.sub.i outwardly towards
the attaching part end.
2. A joint according to claim 1, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining
straight line portion (S.sub.2). (FIG. 12)
3. A joint according to claim 1, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining
second circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.5) with the radius
R.sub.ae, R.sub.ie which is greater than the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i. (FIG. 7)
4. A joint according to claim 1, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.I, a circular-arch-shaped portion
(S.sub.3) with the radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i curved in the opposite
direction, and a tangentially adjoining straight line (S.sub.4).
(FIG. 8)
5. A joint according to claim 1, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i, a tangentially adjoining straight
line portion (S.sub.2), a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3)
curved in the direction opposite to that of the portion (S.sub.1)
and having the radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i, and a tangentially
adjoining straight line (S.sub.4). (FIG. 9)
6. A constant velocity fixed joint (11) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (12) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.12) and an attaching part (14) and an
aperture (16) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (17); an inner joint part (22) comprises
a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) and inner ball tracks (24);
the outer ball tracks (17) comprise centre lines (S.sub.12) and
track base lines which extend at equal distances therefrom, which
are curved and extend in planes through the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.12); the inner ball tracks (24) comprise centre lines
(S.sub.22) and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.22); the outer ball tracks (17) and the
inner ball tracks (24) form pairs of tracks with one another which
each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); a ball cage (29) is
positioned between the outer joint part (12) and the inner joint
part (22) and comprises circumferentially distributed cage windows
which each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); the centres of
the balls are held by the cage (29) in a central plane (E) when the
joint is in an aligned condition and in the angle-bisecting plane
(E') when the joint is in an articulated condition; when the joint
is in an aligned condition, the centre lines (S.sub.12, S.sub.22)
of the pairs of tracks are mirror-symmetrical relative to one
another with reference to the central plane (E) and when the joint
is articulated, they are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another
with reference to the angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base
lines of the pairs of tracks diverge from one another running from
the aperture (16) towards the attaching part (14); the track base
lines of the outer ball tracks (17) of the pairs of tracks,
continuously, comprise a radius r.sub.a whose centre (Z.sub.3) is
positioned beyond the first longitudinal axis (L.sub.12) and offset
by a first offset OFF.sub.1' from the central plane (E.sub.12) of
the outer joint part towards the attaching part; the track base
lines of the inner ball tracks (24) of the pairs of tracks,
continuously, comprise a radius r.sub.i whose centre (Z.sub.4) is
positioned beyond the second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) and
offset by a second offset OFF.sub.2' from the central plane
(E.sub.22) of the inner joint part towards the aperture. (FIG.
10)
7. A constant velocity fixed joint (11) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (12) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.12) and an attaching part (14) and an
aperture (16) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (17); an inner joint part (22) comprises
a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) and inner ball tracks (24);
the outer ball tracks (17) comprise centre lines (S.sub.12) and
track base lines which extend at equal distances therefrom, which
are curved and extend in planes through the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.12); the inner ball tracks (24) comprise centre lines
(S.sub.22) and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.22); the outer ball tracks (17) and the
inner ball tracks (24) form pairs of tracks with one another which
each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); a ball cage (29) is
positioned between the outer joint part (12) and the inner joint
part (22) and comprises circumferentially distributed cage windows
which each receive a torque transmitting ball (35); the centres of
the balls are held by the cage (29) in a central plane (E) when the
joint is in an aligned condition and in the angle-bisecting plane
(E') when the joint is in an articulated condition; when the joint
is in an aligned condition, the centre lines (S.sub.12, S.sub.22)
of the pairs of tracks are mirror-symmetrical relative to one
another with reference to the central plane (E) and when the joint
is articulated, they are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another
with reference to the angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base
lines of the pairs of tracks diverge from one another running from
the aperture (16) towards the attaching part (14); the track base
lines of the outer ball tracks (17) of said pairs of tracks, at the
attaching part end, comprise a radius r.sub.a whose centre
(Z.sub.3) is positioned beyond the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.12) and offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1' from the central
plane (E.sub.12) of the outer joint part towards the attaching
part, and said track base lines diverge from a circle with said
radius r.sub.a outwardly towards the aperture end; the track base
lines of the inner ball tracks (24) of the pairs of tracks comprise
a radius r.sub.i whose centre (Z.sub.4) is positioned beyond the
second longitudinal axis (L.sub.22) and offset by a second offset
OFF.sub.2' from the central plane (E.sub.22) of the inner joint
part towards the aperture end, and said track base lines diverge
from a circle with said radius r.sub.i outwardly towards the
attaching part end.
8. A joint according to claim 7, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining
straight line portion (S.sub.2). (FIG. 11)
9. A joint according to claim 7, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a circular-arch-shaped portion
(S.sub.3) curved in the opposite direction with the radius
r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i and a tangentially adjoining straight line
(S.sub.4). (FIG. 8)
10. A joint according to claim 7, characterised in that the track
base lines each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1)
with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i, a tangentially adjoining straight
line portion (S.sub.2), a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3)
curved in the direction opposite to that of the portion (S.sub.1)
and having the radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i, and a tangentially
adjoining straight line (S.sub.4). (FIG. 9)
11. A constant velocity fixed joint (41) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (42) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.42) and an attaching part (44) and an
aperture (46) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (47, 49); an inner joint part (52)
comprises a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.52) and inner ball
tracks (54, 56); the outer ball tracks (47, 49) comprise centre
lines (S.sub.42) and track base lines which extend at equal
distances therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through
the first longitudinal axis (L.sub.42); the inner ball tracks (54,
56) comprise centre lines (S.sub.52) and track base lines which
extend at equal distances therefrom, which are curved and extend in
planes through the second longitudinal axis (L.sub.52); the outer
ball tracks (47, 49) and the inner ball tracks (54, 56) form pairs
of tracks with one another which each receive a torque transmitting
ball (65); a ball cage (59) is positioned between the outer joint
part (42) and the inner joint part (52) and comprises
circumferentially distributed cage windows which each receive a
torque transmitting ball (65); the centres of the balls (65) are
held by the cage (59) in a central plane (E) when the joint is in
an aligned condition and in the angle-bisecting plane (E') when the
joint is in an articulated condition; when the joint is in an
aligned condition, the centre lines of the pairs of tracks are
mirror-symmetrical relative to one another with reference to the
central plane (E) and when the joint is articulated, they are
mirror-symmetrical relative to one another with reference to the
angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base lines of the pairs of
tracks move away from one another in one direction; the track base
lines of one part of the pairs of tracks (49, 56) diverge from one
another running from the attaching part (44) to the aperture (46);
the track base lines of another part of the pairs of tracks (47,
54) diverge from one another running from the aperture (46) to the
attaching part (44); the track base lines of the outer ball tracks
(17) of said latter pairs of tracks, at the attaching part end,
comprise a radius r.sub.a whose centre (Z.sub.1) is positioned on
the first longitudinal axis (L.sub.42) and offset by a first offset
OFF.sub.1' from the central plane (E.sub.42) of the outer joint
part towards the attaching part, and said track base lines diverge
from a circle with said radius r.sub.a outwardly towards the
aperture end; the track base lines of the inner ball tracks (54) of
said latter pairs of tracks,at the aperture end, comprise a radius
r.sub.i whose centre (Z.sub.2) is positioned on the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.52) and offset by a second offset
OFF.sub.2' from the central plane (E.sub.52) of the inner joint
part towards the aperture, and said track base lines diverge from a
circle with said radius r.sub.i outwardly towards the attaching
part end.
12. A joint according to claim 11, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks (47, 54) each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining straight line portion
(S.sub.2). (FIG. 12)
13. A joint according to claim 11, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks (47, 54) each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining second circular-arch-shaped
portion (S.sub.5) with the radius R.sub.ae, R.sub.ie which is
greater than the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i. (FIG. 7)
14. A joint according to claim 11, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks (47, 54) each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i and a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3) curved in the
opposite direction and having the radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i and a
tangentially adjoining straight line (S.sub.4). (FIG. 8)
15. A joint according to claim 11, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks (47, 54) each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i, a tangentially adjoining straight line portion (S.sub.2),
a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3) curved in the direction
opposite to that of the portion (S.sub.1) and having the radius
r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i, and a tangentially adjoining straight line
(S.sub.4). (FIG. 9)
16. A constant velocity fixed joint (41) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (42) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.42) and an attaching part (44) and an
aperture (46) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (47); an inner joint part (52) comprises
a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.52) and inner ball tracks (54);
the outer ball tracks (47) comprise centre lines (S.sub.42) and
track base lines which extend at equal distances therefrom, which
are curved and extend in planes through the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.42); the inner ball tracks (54) comprise centre lines
(S.sub.52) and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.52); the outer ball tracks (47) and the
inner ball tracks (54) form pairs of tracks with one another which
each receive a torque transmitting ball (65); a ball cage (59) is
positioned between the outer joint part (42) and the inner joint
part (52) and comprises circumferentially distributed cage windows
which each receive a torque transmitting ball (65); the centres of
the balls (65) are held by the cage (59) in a central plane (E)
when the joint is in an aligned condition and in the
angle-bisecting plane (E') when the joint is in an articulated
condition; when the joint is in an aligned condition, the centre
lines of the pairs of tracks are mirror-symmetrical relative to one
another with reference to the central plane (E) and when the joint
is articulated, they are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another
with reference to the angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base
lines of the pairs of tracks diverge from one another running in
one direction; the track base lines of one part of the pairs of
tracks (49, 56) diverge from one another running from the attaching
part (44) to the aperture (46); the track base lines of another
part of the pairs of tracks (47, 54) diverge from one another
running from the aperture (46) to the attaching part (44); the
track base lines of the outer ball tracks (47) of said latter pairs
of tracks, continuously, comprise a radius r.sub.a whose centre
(Z.sub.3) is positioned beyond the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.42) and offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1' from the central
plane (E.sub.42) of the outer joint part towards the attaching
part; the track base lines of the inner ball tracks (54) of said
latter pairs of tracks, continuously, comprise a radius r.sub.i
whose centre (Z.sub.4) is positioned beyond the second longitudinal
axis (L.sub.52) and offset by a second offset OFF.sub.2' from the
central plane (E.sub.52) of the inner joint part towards the
aperture. (FIG. 10)
17. A constant velocity fixed joint (41) having the following
characteristics: an outer joint part (42) comprises a first
longitudinal axis (L.sub.42) and an attaching part (44) and an
aperture (46) which are axially opposed relative to one another, as
well as outer ball tracks (47); an inner joint part (52) comprises
a second longitudinal axis (L.sub.52) and inner ball tracks (54);
the outer ball tracks (47) comprise centre lines (S.sub.42) and
track base lines which extend at equal distances therefrom, which
are curved and extend in planes through the first longitudinal axis
(L.sub.42); the inner ball tracks (54) comprise centre lines
(S.sub.52) and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes through the second
longitudinal axis (L.sub.52); the outer ball tracks (47) and the
inner ball tracks (54) form pairs of tracks with one another which
each receive a torque transmitting ball (65); the ball cage (59) is
positioned between the outer joint part (42) and the inner joint
part (52) and comprises circumferentially distributed cage windows
which each receive a torque transmitting ball (65); the centres of
the balls (65) are held by the cage (59) in a central plane (E)
when the joint is in an aligned condition and in the
angle-bisecting plane (E') when the joint is in an articulated
condition; when the joint is in an aligned condition, the centre
lines of the pairs of tracks are mirror-symmetrical relative to one
another with reference to the central plane (E) and when the joint
is articulated, they are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another
with reference to the angle-bisecting plane (E'); the track base
lines of the pairs of tracks diverge from one another running in
one direction; the track base lines of one part of the pairs of
tracks (49, 56) diverge from one another running from the attaching
part (44) to the aperture (46); the track base lines of another
part of the pairs of tracks (47, 54) diverge from one another
running from the aperture (46) to the attaching part (44); the
track base lines of the outer ball tracks (47) of said latter pairs
of tracks, at the attaching part end, comprise a radius r.sub.a
whose centre (Z.sub.3) is positioned beyond the first longitudinal
axis (L.sub.42) and offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1' from the
central plane (E.sub.42) of the outer joint part towards the
attaching part, and said track base lines diverge from a circle
with said radius r.sub.a outwardly towards the aperture end; the
track base lines of the inner ball tracks (54) of said latter pairs
of tracks comprise a radius r.sub.i whose centre (Z.sub.4) is
positioned beyond the second longitudinal axis (L.sub.52) and
offset by a second offset OFF.sub.2' from the central plane
(E.sub.52) of the inner joint part towards the aperture, and said
track base lines diverge from a circle with said radius r.sub.i
towards the attaching part end.
18. A joint according to claim 17, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i and a tangentially adjoining straight line portion
(S.sub.2). (FIG. 11)
19. A joint according to claim 17, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius
r.sub.a,r.sub.i, a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3) with the
radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i curved in the direction opposite thereto,
and a tangentially adjoining straight line (S.sub.4). (FIG. 8).
20. A joint according to claim 17, characterised in that the track
base lines of the latter pairs of tracks each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.1) with the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i, a tangentially adjoining straight line portion (S.sub.2),
a circular-arch-shaped portion (S.sub.3) curved in the direction
opposite to that of the portion (S.sub.1) and having the radius
r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i, and a tangentially adjoining straight line
(S.sub.4). (FIG. 9)
Description
DESCRIPTION
[0001] The invention relates to the field of constant velocity
universal joints and comprises a type of joints which will be
explained in greater detail below. In principle, such joints
comprise an outer joint part with an aperture and an attaching
part, an inner joint part into which there is inserted a shaft
which emerges from the aperture, torque transmitting balls guided
in pairs of tracks in the outer joint part and in the inner joint
part, as well as a ball cage which holds the balls in a central
plane when the joint is in the aligned condition and in an
angle-bisecting plane when the joint is articulated. The angle of
articulation of the joint is normally delimited by the shaft
stopping against the outer edge of the aperture of the outer joint
part.
[0002] With a view to achieving the largest possible angle of
articulation, it has been found that those joints are advantageous
which comprise pairs of tracks whose opening angle opens from the
attaching part towards the joint aperture, i.e. whose track base
lines diverge from one another if viewed in said direction.
However, such joints are disadvantageous in respect of the strength
of the joint. The invention does not deal with such a type of
joints.
[0003] As far as the joint strength is concerned, those joints with
pairs of tracks whose opening angle opens from the joint aperture
to the attaching part, i.e. wherein the base track lines diverge
from one another if viewed in said direction, are more
advantageous. It is joints of this type which are the subject of
the present invention.
[0004] There is a prior art first group of said joints wherein all
pairs of track have such characteristics. In such joints, the
strength of the outer joint part is greatly improved, but the load
on the ball cage continues to be unchanged and high.
[0005] In addition, there is a prior art second group of such
joints wherein only some of the pairs of tracks have such
characteristics. In such joints, the strength of the outer joint
part has been improved and the load on the ball cage has been
reduced.
[0006] As compared to the joints mentioned first, the strength of
both said groups of joints has been improved, but there are
limitations as far as the angle of articulation is concerned.
[0007] It is the object of the present invention to achieve greater
angles of articulation in joints of said type. The objective is
achieved by the design, in accordance with the invention, of the
pairs of tracks which open towards the attaching side and,
respectively, the attaching part, which design is defined in the
various independent claims.
[0008] The species of joints to which the invention can be applied
can thus be defined as constant velocity fixed joints with the
following characteristics. An outer joint part has a first
longitudinal axis and an attaching part or attaching end and an
aperture for entrance of a shaft which are axially opposed relative
to one another, and outer ball tracks; an inner joint part has a
second longitudinal axis and comprises inner ball tracks; the outer
ball tracks have centre lines and track base lines which extend at
equal distances therefrom, which are curved and extend in planes
through the first longitudinal axis; the inner ball tracks have
centre lines and track base lines which extend at equal distances
therefrom, which are curved and extend through the second
longitudinal axis; the outer ball tracks and the inner ball tracks
form pairs of tracks with one another which each receive a torque
transmitting ball; a ball cage is positioned between the outer
joint part and the inner joint part and comprises circumferentially
distributed cage windows which each receive a torque transmitting
ball; the centres of the balls are held by the cage in a central
plane when the joint is in an aligned condition, and when the joint
is in an aligned condition, the centre lines of the pairs of tracks
are mirror-symmetrical relative to one another with reference to
said central plane; the track base lines of the pairs of tracks
form an opening angle with one another, i.e. they diverge from one
another. A first group of joints only comprises pairs of tracks
whose track base lines diverge from one another running from the
aperture to the attaching part, i.e whose opening angle opens from
the aperture towards the attaching end/attaching part; such
so-called UFA joints are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; a second group of
joints on the other hand only at one part of the pairs of tracks,
more particularly at each second one of the pairs of tracks, if
viewed across the circumference, comprises track base lines which
diverge from one another from the aperture to the attaching
end/attaching part, i.e. which form an opening angle which opens in
said direction; such so-called UFC joints are shown in FIGS. 3 and
4.
[0009] The inventive definitions given below refer only to said
inventive pairs of tracks whose opening angle widens from the
aperture to the attaching end/attaching part. To the extent that
there are, in addition, pairs of tracks which widen from the
attaching end/attaching part towards the aperture, these do not
necessarily have to comply with the definitions in accordance with
the invention and can be designed to deviate therefrom. The opening
angle is always the angle between the tangents at the balls in the
track contact points.
[0010] According to a first solution in accordance with the
invention, it is proposed that the track base lines of the outer
ball tracks of the pairs of tracks, at the attaching part end, form
a radius r.sub.a whose centre is positioned on the first
longitudinal axis so as to be offset by a first offset OFF.sub.1
from the central plane of the outer joint part towards the
attaching part, and diverge from a circle with said radius r.sub.a
outwardly when running towards the aperture end; whereas the track
base lines of the inner ball tracks of the pairs of tracks, at the
aperture end, comprise a radius r.sub.i whose centre is positioned
on the second longitudinal axis so as to be offset by a second
offset OFF.sub.2 from the central plane of the inner joint part
towards the aperture and diverge from a circle with said radius
r.sub.i outwardly when running towards the attaching part end.
[0011] According to a further basic solution it is proposed that
the track base lines of the outer ball tracks of the pairs of
tracks, continuously, comprise a radius r.sub.a whose centre is
positioned beyond the first longitudinal axis and offset by a first
offset OFF.sub.1' from the central plane of the outer joint part
towards the attaching part, whereas the track base lines of the
inner ball tracks of the pairs of tracks, continuously, comprise a
radius r.sub.i whose centre is positioned beyond the second
longitudinal axis and offset by a second offset OFF.sub.2' from the
central plane of the inner joint towards the aperture.
[0012] According to a third basic possibility it is proposed that
the track base lines of the outer ball tracks of said pairs of
tracks, at the attaching part end, comprise a radius r.sub.a whose
centre is positioned beyond the first longitudinal axis and offset
by a first offset OFF.sub.1' from the central plane of the outer
joint part towards the attaching part, and diverge from a circle
with said radius r.sub.a outwardly when running towards the
aperture end, whereas the track base lines of the inner ball tracks
of the pairs of tracks comprise a radius r.sub.i whose centre is
positioned beyond the second longitudinal axis and offset by a
second offset OFF.sub.2' from the central plane of the inner joint
part towards the aperture, and diverge from a circle with said
radius r.sub.i outwardly when running towards the attaching part
end.
[0013] According to special embodiments of the first and third
solutions, it is proposed that the track base lines each consist of
a circular-arch-shaped portion with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and
a tangentially adjoining straight line portion. According to a
further embodiment, the track base lines each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a
tangentially adjoining second circular-arch-shaped portion with the
radius R.sub.ae, R.sub.ie which is greater than the radius r.sub.a,
r.sub.i. According to a further modification, the track base lines
can each consist of a circular-arch-shaped portion with the radius
r.sub.a, r.sub.i and a circular-arch-shaped portion with the radius
r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i curved in the opposite direction, and a
tangentially adjoining straight line. According to a further
embodiment, the track base lines can each consist of a
circular-arch-shaped portion with the radius r.sub.a, r.sub.i, a
tangentially adjoining straight line portion, a
circular-arch-shaped portion curved in the direction opposite to
that of the portion and having the radius r.sub.1a, r.sub.1i, and a
tangentially adjoining straight line.
[0014] The joint strength in the outer joint part is increased
because the apex of the track curvature of the outer ball tracks is
far removed from the aperture, whereas the joint articulation angle
is relatively increased due the outer ball tracks development
towards the aperture.
[0015] Preferred embodiments of inventive joints will be explained
in greater detail below with reference to the drawings wherein
[0016] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a joint according to the
state of the art wherein all pairs of tracks diverge from the joint
aperture towards the attaching part.
[0017] FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a joint according to the
state of the art wherein all pairs of tracks diverge from the joint
aperture to the attaching part.
[0018] FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a joint according to the
state of the art wherein some of the pairs of tracks diverge from
the joint aperture to the attaching part.
[0019] FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of a joint according to the
state of the art wherein some of the pairs of tracks diverge from
the joint aperture to the attaching part.
[0020] FIG. 5 shows the joint according to the state of the art
according to FIG. 4 in an articulated condition.
[0021] FIG. 6 shows a joint similar to that of FIG. 4 in accordance
with the invention in an articulated condition.
[0022] FIG. 7 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a
second embodiment.
[0023] FIG. 8 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a third
embodiment.
[0024] FIG. 9 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a
fourth embodiment.
[0025] FIG. 10 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a
fifth embodiment.
[0026] FIG. 11 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a
sixth embodiment.
[0027] FIG. 12 shows an inventive joint in a half-section in a
seventh embodiment.
[0028] FIG. 1 shows a constant velocity universal joint 11 with an
outer joint part 12 which is in two parts and at which it is
possible to identify an annular part 13, an attaching part 14 and a
journal 15. The annular part 13 forms a joint aperture 16. Inside
the annular part there are provided outer ball tracks 17 which
extend into the attaching part 14. In the outer joint part 12,
there is positioned an inner joint part 22 into which there is
inserted a shaft 23. Inner ball tracks 24 are provided at the inner
joint part 22. The outer joint part 12 comprises an inner spherical
guiding face 18 in the annular part and a complementary guiding
face portion 19 in the attaching part. The inner joint part 22
comprises an outer spherical guiding face 25. Between the inner
guiding face 18 and the outer guiding face 25 there is positioned a
ball cage 29 which comprises spherical sliding faces 30, 31 which
cooperate with the guiding faces. The ball cage comprises
circumferentially distributed cage windows 32 which each
accommodate a ball 35. The balls each engage pairs of tracks which
are formed of outer ball tracks 17 and inner ball tracks 24. A
central plane E which extends through the ball centres and which is
positioned perpendicularly on the axes L.sub.12, L.sub.22, by means
of its point of intersection with the axes, defines the joint
centre M. The track base lines G.sub.12, G.sub.22 of the ball
tracks 17, 24 diverge from one another from the aperture 16 to the
attaching part 14. The track centre lines S.sub.12, S.sub.22 are
substantially formed by circular arches with adjoining tangents
whose centres are positioned on the axes L.sub.12, L.sub.22 and are
offset in opposite directions relative to the joint centre M. A
refers to the axial distance between the joint centre M and the
point of contact of the ball 35 with the outer ball track 17 in the
outer joint part 12 at the maximum articulation angle of the joint
and B refers to the radial distance between the axis L.sub.12 and
said point of contact of the ball 35 with the outer ball track 17
in the outer joint part 12 at the maximum articulation angle. The
maximum articulation angle of the joint is determined by the shaft
stopping at the outer joint part and by the end of the effective
guidance of the ball 35 in the outer ball track 17 in the outer
joint part 12. In the joint shown here with a round cross-sectional
track shape, the point of contact is located in the track base; in
joints with other cross-sectional track shapes, it is possible for
pairs of contact points to be positioned opposite one another in
the track flanks. The joint can comprise an even or uneven number
of pairs of tracks which are identical across the circumference and
which look like the pair of tracks shown in section.
[0029] FIG. 2 shows a constant velocity universal joint 11' having
an outer joint part 12' which is in two parts and at which it is
possible to identify an annular part 13', an attaching part 14' and
a journal 15'. The annular part 13' forms a joint aperture 16'.
Inside the annular part there are formed outer ball tracks 17'. In
the outer joint part 12', there is positioned an inner joint part
22' which is followed by an integrally formed-on shaft 23'. The
inner joint part 22' is provided with inner ball tracks 24'. The
outer joint part 12' comprises an inner spherical guiding face 18'
in the annular part and a guiding face 19' in the attaching part.
The inner joint part 22' comprises an outer spherical guiding face
25'. A first guiding region of the guiding face 25' is in direct
contact with the guiding face 18'. Between the inner guiding face
19' and a second guiding region of the outer guiding face 25',
there is positioned a semi-dish-shaped ball cage 29 comprising
spherical sliding faces 30', 31' which cooperate with the guiding
faces. By means of a cage edge 32', the ball cage supports the
balls 35'. The balls each engage pairs of tracks which are formed
of outer ball tracks 17' and inner ball tracks 24'. A plane E which
extends through the ball centres and which is positioned
perpendicularly on the axes L.sub.12, L.sub.23, by means of its
point of intersection with said axes, defines the joint centre M.
The track base lines G.sub.12, G.sub.22 of the ball track 17', 24'
diverge from one another from the aperture 16' to the attaching
part 14'. The track centre lines S.sub.21, S.sub.22 are formed
substantially by circular arches with adjoining tangents, whose
centres are positioned on the axes L.sub.12, L.sub.23 and are
offset in opposite directions relative to the joint centre M. A
refers to the axial distance between the joint centre M and the
point of contact of the ball 35' with the outer ball track 17' in
the outer joint part 12' at the maximum joint articulation angle
and B refers to the radial distance between the axis L.sub.12 and
said point of contact of the ball 35' with the outer ball track 17'
in the outer joint part 12' at the maximum joint articulation
angle. The maximum articulation angle of the joint is determined by
the shaft stopping against the outer joint part 12' and by the end
of the effective guidance of the ball 35' in the outer ball track
17' in the outer joint part 12'. In the joint shown here with a
round cross-sectional track shape, the point of contact is located
in the track base; in joints with other cross-sectional track
shapes, it is possible for pairs of contact points to be positioned
opposite one another in the track flanks. The joint can comprise an
even or uneven number of pairs of tracks which are identical around
the circumference and which look like the pair of tracks shown in
section.
[0030] FIG. 3 shows a joint 41 whose outer joint part 42 is
composed of an annular part 43 and an attaching part 44. The
attaching part 44 comprises an integrally attached journal 45. The
annular part 43 and the attaching part 44 are connected to one
another by a friction weld 50. In the outer joint part there is
arranged an inner joint part 52. Between the outer joint part 42
and the inner joint part 52, there is positioned a ball cage 59
with circumferentially distributed cage windows 62 in which there
are received balls 65. The outer joint part and inner joint part
form first pairs of tracks consisting of outer ball tracks 47 and
inner ball tracks 54 whose track base lines G.sub.42, G.sub.52
diverge from the joint aperture 46 to the attaching part 44, as
well as second pairs of tracks consisting of outer ball tracks 49
and inner ball tracks 56 whose track base lines G.sub.42, G.sub.52
diverge from the attaching part 44 to the joint aperture 46. The
centre lines S.sub.42', S.sub.52', S.sub.42, S.sub.52, of the ball
tracks each consist of circular arches with adjoining tangents,
whose centres are positioned on the axes L.sub.42, L.sub.52 so as
to be offset in opposite directions from the joint centre M. A
refers to the axial distance between the joint centre M and the
point of contact of the ball 65 with the outer ball track 47 in the
outer joint part 42 at the maximum joint articulation angle and B
refers to the radial distance between the axis L.sub.42 and said
point of contact of the ball 65 with the outer ball track 47 in the
outer joint part 42 at the maximum joint articulation angle. The
maximum articulation angle of the joint is determined by the shaft
stopping against the outer joint part 42 and by the end of the
effective guidance of the ball 65 in the outer ball track 47 in the
outer joint part 42. In the joint shown here with a round
cross-sectional track shape, the point of contact is located in the
track base; in joints with other cross-sectional track shapes, it
is possible for pairs of contact points to be positioned opposite
one another in the track flanks. The two different pairs of tracks
can be arranged so as to alternate on the circumference or they can
be alternately distributed in pairs.
[0031] FIG. 4 shows a joint 41' whose outer joint part 42' is
composed of an annular part 43' and an attaching part 44'. The
attaching part 44' comprises an integrally attached journal 45'.
The annular part 43' and the attaching part 44' are produced so as
to be integral with one another. In the outer joint part 42' there
is arranged an inner joint part 52'. Between the outer joint part
42' and the inner joint part 52', there is positioned a ball cage
59' with circumferentially distributed cage windows 62' in which
there are received balls 65'. The outer joint part and inner joint
part form first pairs of tracks consisting of outer ball tracks 47'
and inner ball tracks 54' whose track base lines G.sub.42',
G.sub.52'diverge from the joint aperture 46' to the attaching part
44', as well as second pairs of tracks consisting of outer ball
tracks 49' and inner ball tracks 56' whose track base lines
G.sub.42, G.sub.52 diverge from the attaching part 44' to the joint
aperture 46'. The centre lines S.sub.42', S.sub.52', S.sub.42,
S.sub.52, of the ball tracks each consist entirely of circular
arches whose centres are positioned on the axes L.sub.42, L.sub.52
so as to be offset in opposite directions from the joint centre M.
A refers to the axial distance between the joint centre M and the
point of contact of the ball 65' with the outer ball track 47' in
the outer joint part 42' at the maximum joint articulation angle
and B refers to the radial distance between the axis L.sub.42 and
said point of contact of the ball 65' with the outer ball track 47'
in the outer joint part 42' at the maximum joint articulation
angle. The maximum articulation angle of the joint is determined by
the shaft stopping against the outer joint part 42' and by the end
of the effective guidance of the ball 65' in the outer ball track
47' in the outer joint part 42'. In the joint shown here with a
round cross-sectional track shape, the point of contact is located
in the track base; in joints with other cross-sectional track
shapes, it is possible for pairs of contact points to be positioned
opposite one another in the track flanks. The two different pairs
of tracks can be arranged so as to alternate on the circumference
or they can be alternately distributed in pairs.
[0032] FIG. 5 shows the joint according to FIG. 4 in accordance
with the state of the art in an articulated condition. The axis
L.sub.52 of the inner joint part 52', together with the axis
L.sub.42 of the outer joint part 42', forms an angle a which is
delimited in that the shaft 53' stops against the aperture 46' of
the outer joint part. The point of intersection of the axes
L.sub.42, L.sub.52 is positioned in the joint centre M. The centre
lines S.sub.42', s.sub.52', S.sub.42, S.sub.52 of all outer and
inner ball tracks 47', 54', 49', 56' are formed by circular arches
whose centres are arranged on the respective axis L.sub.42,
L.sub.52 of the respective joint part 42', 52' so as to be offset
in opposite directions from the central plane of the respective
joint part 42', 52'. The track centre lines, in turn, form pairs of
points of intersection which constitute the geometric locations for
the centres of the balls 65'. A refers to the axial distance
between the joint centre M and the point of contact of the ball 65'
with the outer ball track 47' in the outer joint part 42' at the
maximum joint articulation angle and B refers to the radial
distance between the axis L.sub.42 and said point of contact of the
ball 65' with the outer ball track 47' in the outer joint part 42'
at the maximum joint articulation angle. The maximum articulation
angle of the joint is determined by the shaft stopping against the
outer joint part 42' and by the end of the effective guidance of
the ball 65' in the outer ball track 47' in the outer joint part
42'. These dimensions, together with the diameter d of the shaft
53', result in the maximum articulation angle of
.alpha.=45.degree.. In the joint shown here with a round
cross-sectional track shape, the point of contact is located in the
track base; in joints with other cross-sectional track shapes, it
is possible for pairs of contact points to be positioned opposite
one another in the track flanks.
[0033] FIG. 6 shows a joint similar to that shown in FIG. 4 in
accordance with the invention in an articulated condition. The axis
L.sub.52 of the inner joint part 52.sub.6, together with the axis
L.sub.42 of the outer joint part 42.sub.6, forms an angle
.alpha..sub.1 which is delimited in that the shaft 53.sub.6 stops
against the aperture 46.sub.6 of the outer joint part. The point of
intersection of the axes L.sub.42, L.sub.52 is positioned in the
joint centre M. The centre lines S.sub.42', S.sub.52', of the outer
and inner ball tracks 49.sub.6, 56.sub.6 are formed entirely by
circular arches with adjoining tangents, whose centres are arranged
on the respective axis of the respective joint part 42.sub.6,
52.sub.6 so as to be offset in opposite directions relative to the
joint centre M. The track centre lines, in turn, form pairs of
points of intersection with one another, which constitute the
geometric locations for the centres of the balls 65.sub.6. A refers
to the axial distance between the joint centre M and the point of
contact of the ball 65.sub.6 with the outer ball track 47.sub.6 in
the outer joint part 42.sub.6 at the maximum joint articulation
angle and B refers to the radial distance between the axis L.sub.42
and said point of contact of the ball 65.sub.6 with the outer ball
track 47.sub.6 in the outer joint part 42.sub.6 at the maximum
joint articulation angle. The maximum articulation angle of the
joint is determined by the shaft stopping against the outer joint
part 42.sub.6 and by the end of the effective guidance of the ball
65.sub.6 in the outer ball track 47.sub.6 in the outer joint part
42.sub.6. These dimensions, together with the diameter d of the
shaft 53.sub.6, result in the maximum articulation angle of
.alpha..sub.1=47.degree.. In the joint shown here with a round
cross-sectional track shape, the point of contact is located in the
track base; in joints with other cross-sectional track shapes, it
is possible for pairs of contact points to be positioned opposite
one another in the track flanks.
[0034] When comparing the state of the art joint of FIG. 5 with the
inventive joint according to FIG. 6 it has to be pointed out that
the angle .alpha..sub.1 is greater than the angle .alpha.. This has
been achieved by said change in the track centre lines, which is
accompanied by an increase in the dimension B and a decrease in the
dimension A.
[0035] The subsequent FIGS. 7 to 12 each show only part of an outer
joint part 12, 42 in various embodiments, with an outer ball track
17, 47 which opens towards the attaching part. In all variants, the
opening dimension B has been increased relative to the state of the
art, whereas the axial dimension A has been reduced relative to the
state of the art. In the half-section, the fixed outer joint part
with a horizontal axis and the inner joint part which, relative
thereto, has been pivoted towards the left by the angle a are shown
in continuous lines. The ball cage is not shown. Furthermore, thin
lines show the shaft 23, 53 in a stopping position at the joint
aperture 16, 46, pivoted to the right by the angle .alpha., as well
as a ball 35, 65 which, together with the inner joint part, has
been pivoted towards the left by the angle .alpha./2. The shaft 23,
53 and ball 35, 65 drawn inside one another thus, in fact, are
positioned on diametrically opposite sides of the axis
L.sub.42.
[0036] In all Figures, M refers to the joint centre and Z.sub.1 and
Z2 refer to centres of the generating radii of curvature of the
tracks, which centres are positioned on the axes L.sub.12,
L.sub.22, L.sub.42, L.sub.52, so as to be offset from the joint
centre M in opposite directions. The position of the centres
Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 in the direction of the axes is indicated by an
axial offset OFF.sub.1 from the central plane E.sub.12, E.sub.42 of
the outer joint part and by an axial offset OFF.sub.2 from the
central plane E.sub.22, E.sub.52 of the inner joint part. The
angle-bisecting plane has been given the reference symbol E'.
[0037] Hereafter, the outer ball tracks 17, 47 are described as
extending from the attaching part to the aperture, whereas the
inner ball tracks are described as extending from the aperture to
the attaching part.
[0038] In FIG. 7, the outer ball track 17.sub.7, 47.sub.7 in the
outer joint part 22.sub.7, 47.sub.7 is composed of a first portion
S.sub.1 and a second portion S.sub.5, with the further details
referring to the track base G.sub.12, G.sub.42. The portion
S.sub.1, with the radius r.sub.a, is formed round the centre
Z.sub.1 and extends as far as the radial plane T.sub.1 through the
centres Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.3. The portion S.sub.5, with the greater
radius R.sub.ae, is formed around an eccentric centre Z.sub.3 and
extends from the radial plane T.sub.1 to the aperture 16.sub.7,
46.sub.7 of the outer joint part. The inner ball track 24.sub.7,
54.sub.7 on the inner joint part is composed of corresponding track
portions, with the further details also referring to the track base
G.sub.22, G.sub.52. A first portion, with the radius r.sub.i, is
formed around the pivoted centre Z.sub.2'and extends as far as the
radial plane T.sub.2 through the centres Z.sub.2' and Z.sub.4'. A
second portion, with the greater radius R.sub.ie is formed around
an eccentric centre Z.sub.4' and extends from the radial plane
T.sub.2 to the inner end face of the inner joint part.
[0039] In FIG. 8, the outer ball track 17.sub.8, 47.sub.8 is formed
of three portions S.sub.1, S.sub.3 and S.sub.4. The portion S.sub.1
is defined by the radius r.sub.a around the centre Z.sub.1 and
extends beyond the radial plane T through the centre Z.sub.1 as far
as the tangentially following portion S.sub.3. The portion S.sub.3
is defined by a counter radius with the radius r.sub.1a and extends
as far as the portion S.sub.4. The portion S.sub.4 is a tangential
straight line adjoining the radius r.sub.1a. The inner ball track
24.sub.8, 54.sub.8 on the inner joint part is composed of
corresponding track portions. A first portion with the radius
r.sub.i is formed around the pivoted centre Z.sub.2'. Said first
portion is tangentially followed by a second portion with a counter
radius r.sub.1i which changes into a tangentially adjoining
straight line (not described in further detail).
[0040] In FIG. 9, the outer ball track 17.sub.9, 47.sub.9 is formed
of three portions S.sub.1, S.sub.3 and S.sub.4. The portion S.sub.1
is defined by the radius r.sub.a around the centre Z.sub.1 and
extends beyond the radial plane T through Z.sub.1 as far as the
portion S.sub.2. S.sub.2 is a tangential straight line which
follows the portion S.sub.1 and which, together with the axis
L.sub.42, encloses an angle b and extends as far as the portion
S.sub.3. S.sub.3 is a counter radius with the radius r.sub.1a
tangentially following S.sub.2 and extends as far as the portion
S.sub.4. S.sub.4 is a straight line tangentially adjoining S.sub.3.
The inner ball track 24.sub.9, 54.sub.9 on the inner joint part is
composed of the corresponding track portions. A first portion in
form of a radius is formed around the pivoted centre Z.sub.2' with
the radius r.sub.i. Said first portion is followed by a straight
line (not described in greater detail) in the form of a second
portion which, in turn, is followed by a third portion in the form
of a tangentially adjoining counter radius r.sub.1i and by a fourth
portion (not described in greater detail) in the form of a straight
line.
[0041] In FIG. 10, the outer ball track 17.sub.10, 47.sub.10 is
formed by a uniform portion S.sub.1 which is defined by a radius
r.sub.a around an eccentric centre Z.sub.3 which, on the axis
L.sub.42, L.sub.12 is at a distance OFF.sub.1 from the joint centre
M. The inner ball track 24.sub.10, 54.sub.10 is formed accordingly
by a uniform portion with the radius r.sub.i around the pivoted
eccentric centre Z.sub.4' which, on the axis L.sub.22, L.sub.52, is
at a distance OFF.sub.2 from the joint centre.
[0042] In FIG. 11, the outer ball track 17.sub.11, 47.sub.11 is
formed of two portions S.sub.1, S.sub.2. The portion S.sub.1 is
defined by a radius r.sub.a around a centre Z.sub.3 which
corresponds to that shown in FIG. 10 and extends beyond the radial
plane T.sub.3 through the centre Z.sub.3 as far as the portion
S.sub.2. The portion S.sub.2 is defined by a straight line
tangentially following the portion S.sub.1, extending at the angle
b relative to the centre line L.sub.12, L.sub.42. The inner ball
track 24.sub.11, 54.sub.11 is formed accordingly by a first portion
with the radius r.sub.i around the pivoted centre Z.sub.4' and a
tangentially following straight line (not described in further
detail).
[0043] In FIG. 12, the outer ball track 17.sub.12, 47.sub.12 is
formed of two portions S.sub.1, S.sub.2. The portion S.sub.1 is
defined by a radius r.sub.a around a centre Z.sub.1, which
corresponds to that shown in FIG. 9 and extends beyond the radial
plane T.sub.1 through the centre Z.sub.1 as far as the portion
S.sub.2. The portion S.sub.2 is defined by a straight line
tangentially following the portion S.sub.1, extending at the angle
b relative to the centre line L.sub.12, L.sub.42. The inner ball
track 24.sub.11, 54.sub.11 is formed accordingly by a first portion
in the form of a radius around the pivoted centre Z.sub.2' with the
radius r.sub.I, and a tangentially following straight line (not
described in further detail).
[0044] As already explained, the points of contact of the ball with
the outer track in track cross-sections other than round can also
be positioned at a distance from the track base opposite one
another in the track flanks.
Constant Velocity Fixed Joint
[0045]
1 LIst of reference numbers 11, 41 joint 12, 42 outer joint part
13, 43 annular part 14, 44 attaching part 15, 45 journal 16, 46
joint aperture 17, 47 outer track base 18, 48 inner guiding face
--, 49 outer ball track 22, 52 inner joint part 23, 53 shaft 24, 54
inner ball track 25, 55 outer guiding face --, 56 inner ball track
29, 59 ball cage 30, -- sliding face 31, -- sliding face 32, 62
cage window 35, 65 ball 36, 66 pair of tracks --, 67 pair of
tracks
Constant Velocity Fixed Joint
* * * * *