U.S. patent application number 10/399652 was filed with the patent office on 2004-06-10 for anionic polysaccharide composition for textile care.
Invention is credited to Aubay, Eric, Harrison, Ian.
Application Number | 20040107505 10/399652 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 8855465 |
Filed Date | 2004-06-10 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040107505 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Harrison, Ian ; et
al. |
June 10, 2004 |
Anionic polysaccharide composition for textile care
Abstract
The invention concerns a composition for cotton textile care in
particular, comprising an anionic polysaccharide (in particular
anionic polygalactomannan) having a mole weight higher than 250000.
The composition can be a solid or liquid detergent formulation, a
liquid rinsing and/or softening formulation, a drying additive
contacted with wet textile in a dry textile, an aqueous ironing
formulation, a prespotting washing additive deposited on the
textile before a washing operation.
Inventors: |
Harrison, Ian; (Poissy,
FR) ; Aubay, Eric; (Princeton, NJ) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Jean-Louis Seugnet
Rhodia Inc
Intellectual Property Dept
259 Prospect Plains Road CN 7500
Cranbury
NJ
08512-7500
US
|
Family ID: |
8855465 |
Appl. No.: |
10/399652 |
Filed: |
April 18, 2003 |
PCT Filed: |
October 17, 2001 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/FR01/03210 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
8/115.51 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C11D 3/226 20130101;
C11D 3/222 20130101; C11D 3/227 20130101; C11D 3/225 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
008/115.51 |
International
Class: |
D06M 010/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 18, 2000 |
FR |
00/13334 |
Claims
1. A composition for caring for articles made of textile fibers,
characterized in that it comprises at least one anionic
polysaccharide with a weight-average molar mass of greater than 250
000 and preferably greater than 500 000, the native skeleton of
which is a polysaccharide formed from a main chain comprising
identical or different anhydrohexose units, and branches comprising
at least one neutral or anionic anhydropentose and/or anhydrohexose
unit the anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose units of said anionic
polysaccharide being substituted or modified with at least one
anionic group or a group that may be anionized at the working pH of
said composition, the degree of substitution or of modification DSi
of the anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose units with said anionic
or anionizable group(s) ranging from 0.1 to less than 3 and
preferably from 0.2 to 2.5.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the
ionic or ionizable groups are linked to the carbon atoms of the
sugar skeleton either directly or via --O-- bonds.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in
that the ionic or ionizable groups contain one or more carboxylate,
sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate functions.
4. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the ionic or ionizable groups have the
formula --[--CH.sub.2--CH(R) --O].sub.x--(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOH or
--[--CH.sub.2--CH(R)--O].sub.x--(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOM in which: R
is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4
carbon atoms, x is an integer ranging from 0 to 5, y is an integer
ranging from 0 to 5, M represents an alkali metal.
5. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the ionic or ionizable groups are carboxyl
groups --COO.sup.--Na+ linked directly to a carbon atom of the
sugar skeleton, carboxymethyl (sodium salt)
--CH.sub.2--COO.sup.--Na+ linked to a carbon atom of the sugar
skeleton via an --O-- bond.
6. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that said anionic polysaccharide also contains at
least one nonionic group.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the
nonionic groups are linked to the carbon atoms of the sugar
skeleton either directly or via --O-- bonds.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in
that the nonionic groups have the formula:
--[--CH.sub.2--CH(R)--O].sub.x--R.sup.1 in which: R is a hydrogen
atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x is
an integer ranging from 0 to 5, R.sup.1 represents: a hydrogen atom
an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally
interrupted with one or more oxygen and/or nitrogen hetero atoms,
cycloalkyl, aryl or arylalkyl, containing from 6 to 12 carbon
atoms, a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOR.sup.2 a radical
--(CH.sub.2).sub.y--CN a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.y--CONHR.sub.2
R.sup.2 representing an alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl radical containing
from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and y is an integer ranging from 0 to 5
.cndot. --CO--NH--R.sup.1 R.sup.1 having the definition given
above, linked to a carbon atom of the sugar skeleton via an --O--
bond.
9. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8,
characterized in that said nonionic groups are the following
groups: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl,
dodecyl, octadecyl, phenyl, benzyl, linked to a carbon atom of the
sugar skeleton via an ether, ester, amide or urethane bond,
cyanoethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl, linked to a
carbon atom of the sugar skeleton via an --O-- bond.
10. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that the hexose units (identical or different) of
the main chain of the native skeleton are D-glucose, D- or
L-galactose, D-mannose, D- or L-fucose or L-rhamnose units.
11. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized in that the neutral or anionic pentose and/or hexose
units (identical or different) of the branches of the native
skeleton are D-xylose, L- or D-arabinose, D-glucose, D- or
L-galactose, D-mannose, D- or L-fucose, L-rhamnose, D-glucuronic
acid, D-galacturonic acid or D-mannuronic acid units.
12. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that said native skeleton is a galactomannan,
galactoglucomannan or xyloglucan, a xanthan gum, a scleroglucan,
succinoglycans, a rhamsan or a welan gum.
13. The composition as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that
said native skeleton is a galactomannan.
14. The composition as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that
said anionic polysaccharide is a carboxymethyl galactomannan or a
carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl galactomannan.
15. The composition as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that
said anionic polysaccharide is a carboxymethyl guar or a
carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar.
16. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15,
characterized in that it is in the form of a solid, a dispersion or
a concentrated aqueous solution, placed in contact with the fabric
to be treated, after dilution in water; a dispersion or a
concentrated aqueous solution prespotted onto the dry fabric to be
treated before dilution in water; a dispersion or an aqueous
solution to be placed directly onto the dry fabric to be treated
without dilution or a solid support comprising said anionic
polysaccharide, to be applied directly to the dry fabric to be
treated; or an insoluble solid support comprising said anionic
polysaccharide placed directly in contact with the fabric to be
treated, while wet.
17. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16,
characterized in that it comprises from 0.05% to 10% of said
anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter.
18. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17,
characterized in that said composition is a solid or liquid
detergent formulation comprising from 0.05% to 5% and preferably
from 0.1% to 3% of said anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry
matter, capable of directly forming a washing bath by dilution; a
liquid rinsing and/or softening formulation comprising from 0.05%
to 3% and preferably from 0.1% to 2% of said anionic
polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter, capable of directly
forming a rinsing and/or softening bath by dilution; a solid
material, especially a textile material, comprising from 0.05% to
10% and preferably from 0.1% to 5% of said anionic polysaccharide,
expressed as dry matter, intended to be placed in contact with wet
fabric in a tumble dryer; an aqueous ironing formulation comprising
from 0.05% to 10% and preferably from 0.1% to 5% of said anionic
polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter; a washing additive
comprising from 0.05% to 10% and preferably from 0.1% to 5% of said
anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter, intended to be
placed on the dry fabric prior to a washing operation using a
detergent formulation optionally containing said anionic
polysaccharide.
19. The composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18,
characterized in that it contains at least one surfactant and/or
one detergent additive and/or rinsing additive and/or softening
additive for articles made of textile fibers and/or one solid
support for said anionic polysaccharide.
20. A process for caring for articles made of textile fibers, by
treating said articles, in an aqueous or wet medium, with a
composition forming the subject matter of any one of claims 1 to
19.
21. The process as claimed in claim 20, characterized in that said
articles contain at least 35% by weight of cotton, which is
preferably colored.
22. The use, in a composition for caring for articles made of
textile fibers, of at least one anionic polysaccharide as defined
in any one of claims 1 to 15.
23. The use as claimed in claim 22, characterized in that said
composition is a solid or liquid detergent formulation comprising
from 0.05% to 5% and preferably from 0.1% to 3% of said anionic
polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter, capable of directly
forming a washing bath by dilution; a liquid rinsing and/or
softening formulation comprising from 0.05% to 3% and preferably
from 0.1% to 2% of said anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry
matter, capable of directly forming a rinsing and/or softening bath
by dilution; a solid material, especially a textile material,
comprising from 0.05% to 10% and preferably from 0.1% to 5% of said
anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry matter, intended to be
placed in contact with wet fabric in a tumble dryer; an aqueous
ironing formulation comprising from 0.05% to 10% and preferably
from 0.1% to 5% of said anionic polysaccharide, expressed as dry
matter; a washing additive comprising from 0.05% to 10% and
preferably from 0.1% to 5% of said anionic polysaccharide,
expressed as dry matter, intended to be placed on the dry fabric
prior to a washing operation using a detergent formulation
optionally containing said anionic polysaccharide.
24. The use as claimed in claim 22 or 23, characterized in that
said articles contain at least 35% by weight of cotton, which is
preferably colored.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a composition comprising an
anionic polysaccharide, for caring for articles made of textile
fibers ("textile care"), especially cotton-based textiles, which
are in particular colored.
[0002] The expression "care of articles made of textile fibers, in
particular fabrics" means the protection of these articles against
physical or chemical degradation phenomena, especially the
protection of the colors of colored articles, and/or the provision
of benefits thereto, for instance softening and/or
crease-resistance properties.
[0003] The machine washing of fabrics leads to a physical and
chemical degradation of the fibers and most particularly of cotton
fibers. The alkalinity delivered by detergents and also by certain
specific compounds such as oxidizing substances (perborate or
percarbonate) or certain enzymes may be the cause of the chemical
degradation of cotton fibers. However, it is generally the
combination of the chemical and mechanical actions which leads to
degradation of the fibers. The mechanical action is produced during
the washing, rinsing, spin-drying or tumble-drying, when the latter
takes place in a tumble dryer. This degradation of the fibers leads
to the formation of fibrils at the surface of the textile which end
up causing colored textiles to lose their radiance. This
degradation also induces a decrease in the strength of the textile
which, at the extreme, may lead to tearing of the fabrics. This
degradation of the textiles may be evaluated quantitatively either
by a loss of the colors of colored textiles or by a reduction in
the tear strength of the textile. It is generally necessary to
carry out 10 to 20 cumulative machine washes in order to perceive
this type of degradation.
[0004] Cleaning in a washing machine, which systematically includes
a spin-drying operation, also leads to creased fabrics, which is
accentuated during the tumble-drying stage, in particular by the
formation of inter-fiber hydrogen bonds. It is thus necessary to
iron the fabrics in order to make them look presentable.
[0005] In order to reduce the degradation of the fibers during
washing or rinsing, the suppliers of chemical products or
detergents have made use of changes in detergent formulations or
have used certain specific additives.
[0006] Mention may be made in particular of detergents comprising
no oxidizing system, but which have reduced cleaning
capacities.
[0007] Silicone-based compounds have also been used, and in
particular aminosilicones (US-A-4 585 563; WO 92/07927; WO
98/39401).
[0008] The Applicant has found that the use, in compositions for
treating articles made of textile fibers, especially cotton-based
articles, which are in particular colored, of certain anionic
polysaccharides of high molecular mass that are soluble under the
working conditions in aqueous or wet medium of said compositions,
makes it possible to prevent the degradation of these articles,
makes it possible to protect the colors and/or gives these articles
crease-resistance and/or softening properties.
[0009] Such compositions may especially be compositions for washing
and/or rinsing and/or softening fabrics, for destaining fabrics
before washing ("prespotting"), for tumble-drying wet fabrics in a
tumble dryer or for ironing fabrics.
[0010] A first subject of the invention consists of a composition
for caring for articles made of textile fibers ("fabric care"),
characterized in that it comprises at least one anionic
polysaccharide with a weight-average molar mass of greater than 250
000 and preferably greater than 500 000, the native skeleton of
which is a polysaccharide formed from
[0011] a main chain comprising identical or different anhydrohexose
units, and
[0012] branches comprising at least one neutral or anionic
anhydropentose and/or anhydrohexose unit the anhydrohexose and/or
anhydropentose units of said anionic polysaccharide being
substituted or modified with at least one anionic group or a group
that may be anionized at the working pH of said composition, the
degree of substitution or of modification DSi of the anhydrohexose
and/or anhydropentose units with said anionic or anionizable
group(s) ranging from 0.1 to less than 3 and preferably from 0.2 to
2.5.
[0013] The weight-average molar mass of said anionic
polysaccharides may be up to 2 000 000.
[0014] The weight-average molar mass Mw of said anionic
polysaccharides may be measured by size exclusion chromatography.
The measurement is performed in water at pH 9-10 containing 0.1 M
LiCl and 2/10000 of NaN.sub.3.
[0015] The weight-average molar mass Mw is established directly in
a manner that is known via the light-scattering values.
[0016] The degree of substitution or of modification DSi
corresponds to the average number of hydroxyl functions in the
anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose units that are substituted or
modified with said anionic or anionizable group(s), per
anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose unit.
[0017] Said ionic or ionizable groups are linked to the carbon
atoms of the sugar skeleton either directly or via --O-- bonds.
[0018] According to one embodiment variant of the invention, said
anionic polysaccharide may also contain at least one nonionic
group.
[0019] Said nonionic groups are linked to the carbon atoms of the
sugar skeleton either directly or via --O-- bonds.
[0020] The presence of such groups is expressed as the number of
moles of substitution MS, i.e. as the average number of moles of
precursor of said nonionic substituent that have reacted per
anhydrohexose and/or anhydropentose unit.
[0021] If said precursor is incapable of forming new reactive
hydroxyl groups (for example alkylation precursor), the degree of
substitution or of modification by all the anionic or anionizable
and nonionic groups is less than 3, by definition.
[0022] If said precursor is capable of forming new reactive
hydroxyl groups (for example hydroxyalkylation precursor), the
number of moles of substitution MS is theoretically not limited; it
may be, for example, up to 6 and preferably up to 2.
[0023] Among the anionic or anionizable groups that may be
mentioned are those containing one or more carboxylate, sulfonate,
sulfate, phosphate, phosphonate, etc. functions.
[0024] Mention may be made in particular of those of formula
--[--CH.sub.2--CH(R)--O].sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOH
[0025] or
--[--CH.sub.2 --CH(R)--O].sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOM
[0026] in which:
[0027] R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1
to 4 carbon atoms,
[0028] x is an integer ranging from 0 to 5,
[0029] y is an integer ranging from 0 to 5,
[0030] M represents an alkali metal.
[0031] Mention may be made most particularly of the carboxyl groups
--COO.sup.--Na+ linked directly to a carbon atom of the sugar
skeleton, carboxymethyl (sodium salt) --CH.sub.2--COO.sup.--Na+
linked to a carbon atom of the sugar skeleton via an --O--
bond.
[0032] Among the nonionic groups that may be mentioned are those of
formula:
.cndot. --[--CH.sub.2--CH(R)--].sub.X--R.sup.1
[0033] in which:
[0034] R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1
to 4 carbon atoms,
[0035] x is an integer ranging from 0 to 5,
[0036] R.sup.1 represents:
[0037] a hydrogen atom
[0038] an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms,
optionally interrupted with one or more oxygen and/or nitrogen
hetero atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl or arylalkyl, containing from 6 to
12 carbon atoms,
[0039] a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.y--COOR.sup.2
[0040] a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.y--CN
[0041] a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.y--CONHR.sup.2
[0042] R.sup.2 representing an alkyl, aryl or arylalkyl radical
containing from 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and
[0043] y is an integer ranging from 0 to 5
[0044] .cndot. --CO--NH--R.sup.1
[0045] R.sup.1 having the definition given above, linked to a
carbon atom of the sugar skeleton via an --O-- bond.
[0046] Mention may be made most particularly of the following
groups:
[0047] methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, hexyl, octyl,
dodecyl, octadecyl, phenyl, benzyl, linked to a carbon atom of the
sugar skeleton via an ether, ester, amide or urethane bond,
cyanoethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl, linked to a
carbon atom of the sugar skeleton via an --O-- bond.
[0048] The hexose units (identical or different) of the main chain
of the native skeleton may be D-glucose, D- or L-galactose,
D-mannose, D- or L-fucose, L-rhamnose, etc. units.
[0049] The neutral or anionic pentose and/or hexose units
(identical or different) of the branches of the native skeleton may
be D-xylose, L- or D-arabinose, D-glucose, D- or L-galactose,
D-mannose, D- or L-fucose, L-rhamnose, etc., D-glucuronic acid,
D-galacturonic acid, D-mannuronic acid, etc. units.
[0050] Examples of native skeletons that may be mentioned include
galactomannans, galactoglucomannans, xyloglucans, xanthan gums,
scleroglucans, succinoglycans, rhamsans, welan gums, etc.
[0051] The native skeleton is preferably a galactomannan.
Galactomannans are macromolecules comprising a main chain of
D-mannopyranose units linked in position .beta.(1-4) substituted
with D-galactopyranose units in position .alpha.(1-6). Among these,
mention may be made of guar gum, carob gum and tara gum.
[0052] The native skeleton is most preferably a guar gum. Guar gums
have a mannose/galactose ratio of 2.
[0053] The anionic polysaccharides according to the invention may
be obtained in a known manner.
[0054] Most of them are commercial products.
[0055] Examples of anionic polysaccharides according to the
invention that may be mentioned include:
[0056] carboxymethysl galactomannans, in particular carboxymethyl
guars,
[0057] carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl galactomannans, in particular
carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guars.
[0058] A second subject of the invention consists of a process for
caring for articles made of textile fibers, by treating these
articles with a composition, in aqueous or wet medium, comprising
at least one anionic polysaccharide according to the invention.
[0059] A third subject of the invention consists in using, in a
composition for treating articles made of textile fibers in an
aqueous or wet medium, of at least one anionic polysaccharide
according to the invention, as an agent for caring for textile
fibers.
[0060] The composition and the working (or treatment) conditions
may be in numerous forms.
[0061] Said composition may be
[0062] in the form of a solid (powder, granules, tablets, etc.) or
of a dispersion or of a concentrated aqueous solution placed in
contact with the articles to be treated, after dilution in
water;
[0063] in the form of a dispersion or a concentrated aqueous
solution placed beforehand on the dry articles to be treated before
dilution in water;
[0064] in the form of a dispersion or an aqueous solution to be
placed directly on the dry articles to be treated without dilution
or of a solid support (stick) comprising said anionic
polysaccharide, to be applied directly to the dry articles to be
treated;
[0065] in the form of an insoluble solid support comprising said
anionic polysaccharide placed directly in contact with the wet
fabrics to be treated.
[0066] Thus, the composition of the invention may be:
[0067] a solid or liquid detergent formulation capable of directly
forming a washing bath by dilution;
[0068] a liquid rinsing and/or softening formulation capable of
directly forming a rinsing and/or softening bath by dilution;
[0069] a solid material, in particular a textile, comprising said
anionic polysaccharide, which is intended to be placed in contact
with wet fabrics in a tumble dryer (said solid material is referred
to hereinbelow as a "tumble dryer additive");
[0070] an aqueous ironing formulation;
[0071] a washing additive ("prespotter") intended to be placed on
the dry fabrics prior to a washing operation using a detergent
formulation containing or not containing said anionic
polysaccharide (said additive is referred to hereinbelow as a
"prespotter").
[0072] The composition of the invention is particularly suitable
for fabric care, especially for cotton-based fabrics, in particular
fabrics containing at least 35% cotton. It is most particularly
suitable for caring for colored fabrics.
[0073] The anionic polysaccharides according to the invention are
soluble under the working conditions in aqueous or wet medium of
said composition.
[0074] Said anionic polysaccharides are considered as soluble when
more than 50% and preferably more than 70% of their weight are
soluble in the working aqueous or wet medium of the composition of
the invention, i.e. especially under the temperature and pH
conditions of said medium.
[0075] The working pH of the composition of the invention may range
from about 2 to about 12, depending on the desired use.
[0076] When it is:
[0077] a detergent formulation, the pH of the washing bath is
generally from about 7 to 11 and preferably from 8 to 10.5;
[0078] a rinsing and/or softening formulation, the pH of the
rinsing and/or softening bath is generally from about 2 to 8;
[0079] a drying additive, the pH to be considered is that of the
residual water, which may be from about 2 to 9;
[0080] an aqueous ironing formulation, the pH of said formulation
is generally from about 5 to 9;
[0081] a prespottet, the pH to be considered is that of the washing
bath for the operation following washing, i.e. from about 7 to 11
and preferably from 8 to 10.5.
[0082] The amount of anionic polysaccharide present in the care
composition according to the invention may range from 0.05% to 10%
as dry weight relative to the dry weight of said composition,
depending on the desired application.
[0083] Thus, said anionic polysaccharide (AP) may be used as
follows:
1 % of (AP) in a care composition (as dry weight) according to the
invention used as 0.05-5 detergent formulation preferably 0.1-3
0.05-3 rinsing and/or softening preferably 0.1-2 formulation
0.05-10 tumble dryer additive 0.05-10 ironing formulation
preferably 0.1-5 0.05-10 prespotter preferably 0.1-5
[0084] Other constituents may be present, along with the anionic
polysaccharide, in the care composition according to the invention.
Said composition may contain at least one surfactant and/or one
detergent additive and/or -rinsing additive and/or softening
additive for articles made of textile fibers and/or one solid
support (especially a textile support) for said anionic
polysaccharide.
[0085] The nature of these constituents depends on the desired use
of said composition.
[0086] Thus, when it is a detergent formulation, for washing
fabrics, it generally comprises:
[0087] at least one natural and/or synthetic surfactant,
[0088] at least one detergent adjuvant ("builder")
[0089] optionally an oxidizing agent or system, and
[0090] a series of specific additives.
[0091] The detergent formulation may comprise surfactants in an
amount corresponding to about 3% to 40% by weight relative to the
detergent formulation, these surfactants being such as
[0092] Anionic Surfactants
[0093] alkyl ester sulfonates of formula R--CH(SO.sub.3M)--COOR',
in which R represents a C.sub.8-C.sub.20 and preferably
C.sub.10-C.sub.16 alkyl radical, R' represents a C.sub.1-C.sub.6
and preferably C.sub.1-C.sub.3 alkyl radical and M represents an
alkali metal (sodium, potassium or lithium) cation, a substituted
or unsubstituted ammonium (methyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl- or
tetramethylammonium, dimethylpiperidinium, etc.) or an alkanolamine
derivative (monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine,
etc.). Mention may be made most particularly of methyl ester
sulfonates in which the radical R is C.sub.14-C.sub.16;
[0094] alkyl sulfates of formula ROSO.sub.3M, in which R represents
a C.sub.5-C.sub.24 and preferably C.sub.10-C.sub.18 alkyl or
hydroxyalkyl radical, M representing a hydrogen atom or a cation of
the same definition as above, and also the ethoxylenated (EO)
and/or propoxylenated (PO) derivatives thereof, containing on
average from 0.5 to 30 and preferably from 0.5 to 10 EO and/or PO
units;
[0095] alkylamide sulfates of formula RCONHR"OSO.sub.3M in which R
represents a C.sub.2-C.sub.22 and preferably C.sub.6-C.sub.20 alkyl
radical, R' represents a C.sub.2-C.sub.3 alkyl radical, M
representing a hydrogen atom or a cation of the same definition as
above, and also the ethoxylenated (EO) and/or propoxylenated (PO)
derivatives thereof, containing on average from 0.5 to 60 EO and/or
PO units;
[0096] saturated or unsaturated C8-C.sub.24 and preferably
C.sub.14-C.sub.20 fatty acid salts, C.sub.9-C.sub.20
alkylbenzenesulfonates, primary or secondary C.sub.8-C.sub.22
alkylsulfonates, alkylglyceryl sulfonates, the sulfonated
polycarboxylic acids described in GB-A-1 082 179, paraffin
sulfonates, N-acyl N-alkyltaurates, alkyl phosphates, isethionates,
alkyl succinamates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinate
monoesters or diesters, N-acyl sarcosinates, alkylglycoside
sulfates, polyethoxycarboxylates; the cation being an alkali metal
(sodium, potassium or lithium), a substituted or unsubstituted
ammonium residue (methyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl- or
tetramethyl-ammonium, dimethylpiperidinium, etc.) or an
alkanolamine derivative (monoethanolamine, diethanolamine,
triethanolamine, etc.);
[0097] Nonionic Surfactants
[0098] polyoxyalkylenated (polyoxyethylenated, polyoxy-propylenated
or polyoxybutylenated) alkylphenols in which the alkyl substituent
is C.sub.6-C.sub.12 and containing from 5 to 25 oxyalkylene units;
examples which may be mentioned are the products Triton X-45,
X-114, X-100 or X-102 sold by Rohm & Haas Co.;
[0099] glucosamide, glucamide or glycerolamide;
[0100] polyoxyalkylenated C.sub.8-C.sub.22 aliphatic alcohols
containing from 1 to 25 oxyalkylene (oxyethylene or oxypropylene)
units; examples which may be mentioned are the products Tergitol
15-S-9 and Tergitol 24-L-6 NMW sold by Union Carbide Corp., Neodol
45-9, Neodol 23-65, Neodol 45-7 and Neodol 45-4 sold by Shell
Chemical Co., and Kyro EOB sold by The Procter & Gamble
Co.;
[0101] products resulting from the condensation of ethylene oxide
or the compound resulting from the condensation of propylene oxide
with propylene glycol, such as the Pluronic products sold by
BASF;
[0102] products resulting from the condensation of ethylene oxide
or the compound resulting from the condensation of propylene oxide
with ethylenediamine, such as the Tetronic products sold by
BASF;
[0103] amine oxides such as C.sub.10-C.sub.18 alkyl dimethylamine
oxides and C.sub.8-C.sub.22 alkoxy ethyl dihydroxyethylamine
oxides;
[0104] the alkylpolyglycosides described in US-A-4 565 647;
[0105] C.sub.8-C.sub.20 fatty acid amides;
[0106] ethoxylated fatty acids;
[0107] ethoxylated fatty amides;
[0108] ethoxylated amines.
[0109] Amphoteric and Zwitterionic Surfactants
[0110] alkyldimethylbetaines, alkylamidopropyldimethylbetaines,
alkyltrimethylsulfobetaines and the products of condensation of
fatty acids and of protein hydrolysates;
[0111] alkyl amphoacetates or alkyl amphodiacetates in which the
alkyl group contains from 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0112] The detergent adjuvants ("builders") for improving the
surfactant properties may be used in amounts corresponding to about
5-50% and preferably to about 5-30% by weight for the liquid
detergent formulations or to about 10-80% and preferably 15-50% by
weight for the powder detergent formulations, these detergent
adjuvants being such as:
[0113] Mineral Detergent Adjuvants
[0114] polyphosphates (tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates,
orthophosphates or hexametaphosphates) of alkali metals, of
ammonium or of alkanolamines
[0115] tetraborates or borate precursors;
[0116] silicates, in particular those with an SiO.sub.2/Na.sub.2O
ratio from about 1.6/1 to 3.2/1 and the lamellar silicates
described in US-A-4 664 839;
[0117] alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal carbonates
(bicarbonates, sesquicarbonates);
[0118] cogranulates of alkali metal silicate hydrates and of alkali
metal (sodium or potassium) carbonates that are rich in silicon
atoms in Q2 or Q3 form, described in EP-A-488 868;
[0119] crystalline or amorphous aluminosilicates of alkali metals
(sodium or potassium) or of ammonium, such as zeolites A, P, X,
etc.; zeolite A with a particle size of about 0.1-10 micrometers is
preferred.
[0120] Organic Detergent Adjuvants
[0121] water-soluble polyphosphonates (ethane
1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonates- , methylenediphosphonate salts,
etc.);
[0122] water-soluble salts of carboxylic polymers or copolymers or
water-soluble salts thereof, such as:
[0123] polycarboxylate ethers (oxydisuccinic acid and its salts,
monosuccinic acid tartrate and its salts, disuccinic acid tartrate
and its salts);
[0124] hydroxypolycarboxylate ethers;
[0125] citric acid and its salts, mellitic acid and succinic acid
and their salts;
[0126] polyacetic acid salts (ethylenediaminetetraacetates,
nitrilotriacetates, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrilodiacetates);
[0127] C.sub.5-C.sub.20 alkyl succinic acids and their salts
(2-dodecenyl-succinates, lauryl succinates);
[0128] carboxylic polyacetal esters;
[0129] polyaspartic acid and polyglutamic acid and their salts;
[0130] polyimides derived from the polycondensation of aspartic
acid and/or of glutamic acid;
[0131] polycarboxymethyl derivatives of glutamic acid or of other
amino acids.
[0132] The detergent formulation may also comprise at least one
oxygen-releasing bleaching agent comprising a percompound,
preferably a persalt.
[0133] Said bleaching agent may be present in an amount
corresponding to about 1% to 30% and preferably from 4% to 20% by
weight relative to the detergent formulation.
[0134] As examples of percompounds which may be used as bleaching
agents, mention should be made in particular of perborates such as
sodium perborate monohydrate or tetrahydrate; peroxygenated
compounds such as sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate, pyrophosphate
peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, sodium peroxide and sodium
persulfate.
[0135] The preferred bleaching agents are sodium perborate
monohydrate or tetrahydrate and/or sodium carbonate
peroxyhydrate.
[0136] Said agents are generally combined with a bleaching
activator which generates, in situ in the washing medium, a
peroxycarboxylic acid in an amount corresponding to about 0.1% to
12% and preferably from 0.5% to 8% by weight relative to the
detergent formulation. Among these activators, mention may be made
of tetraacetylethylenediamine, tetraacetyl-methylenediamine,
tetraacetylglycoluryl, sodium p-acetoxybenzenesulfonate,
pentaacetylglucose and octaacetyllactose.
[0137] Mention may also be made of non-oxygenated bleaching agents,
which act by photoactivation in the presence of oxygen, these being
agents such as sulfonated aluminum and/or zinc phthalocyanins.
[0138] The detergent formulation may also comprise soil-release
agents, anti-redeposition agents, chelating agents, dispersants,
fluorescers, foam suppressants, softeners, enzymes and various
other additives.
[0139] Soil-Release Agents
[0140] These may be used in amounts of about 0.01-10%, preferably
about 0.1-5% and more preferably about 0.2-3% by weight.
[0141] Mention may be made more particularly of agents such as:
[0142] cellulose derivatives such as cellulose hydroxy ethers,
methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or
hydroxybutylmethylcellulose;
[0143] polyvinyl esters grafted onto polyalkylene trunks, such as
polyvinyl acetates grafted onto polyoxyethylene trunks (EP-A-219
048);
[0144] polyvinyl alcohols;
[0145] polyester copolymers based on ethylene terephthalate and/or
propylene terephthalate and polyoxyethylene terephthalate units,
with an ethylene terephthalate and/or propylene terephthalate
(number of units)/polyoxyethylene terephthalate (number of units)
molar ratio from about 1/10 to 10/1 and preferably from about 1/1
to 9/1, the polyoxyethylene terephthalates containing
polyoxyethylene units with a molecular weight from about 300 to 5
000 and preferably from about 600 to 5 000 (US-A-3 959 230, US-A-3
893 929, US-A-4 116 896, US-A-4 702 857, US-A-4 770 666);
[0146] sulfonated polyester oligomers obtained by sulfonation of an
oligomer derived from ethoxylated allylic alcohol, from dimethyl
terephthalate and from 1,2-propylene diol, containing from 1 to 4
sulfonated groups (US-A-4 968 451);
[0147] polyester copolymers based on propylene terephthalate and
polyoxyethylene terephthalate units and ending with ethyl or methyl
units (US-A-4 711 730) or polyester oligomers ending with
alkylpolyethoxy groups (US-A-4 702 857) or sulfopolyethoxy (US-A-4
721 580) or sulfoaroyl (US-A-4 877 896) anionic groups;
[0148] sulfonated polyester copolymers derived from terephthalic,
isophthalic and sulfoisophthalic acid, anhydride or diester and
from a diol (FR-A-2 720 399).
[0149] Anti-Redeposition Agents
[0150] These may be used in amounts generally of about 0.01-10% by
weight for a powder detergent formulation of about 0.01-5% by
weight for a liquid detergent formulation.
[0151] Mention may be made in particular of agents such as:
[0152] ethoxylated monoamines or polyamines, and ethoxylated amine
polymers (US-A-4 597 898, EP-A-11 984);
[0153] carboxymethylcellulose;
[0154] sulfonated polyester oligomers obtained by condensation of
isophthalic acid, dimethyl sulfo-succinate and diethylene glycol
(FR-A-2 236 926);
[0155] polyvinylpyrrolidones.
[0156] Chelating Agents
[0157] Agents for chelating iron and magnesium may be present in
amounts of about 0.1-10% and preferably of about 0.1-3% by
weight.
[0158] Mention may be made, inter alia, of:
[0159] aminocarboxylates such as ethylenediaminetetra-acetates,
hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetates and nitrilotriacetates;
[0160] aminophosphonates such as
nitrilotris(methylene-phosphonates);
[0161] polyfunctional aromatic compounds such as
dihydroxy-disulfobenzenes- .
[0162] Polymeric Dispersants
[0163] These may be present in an amount of about 0.1-7% by weight,
to control the calcium and magnesium hardness, these being agents
such as:
[0164] water-soluble polycarboxylic acid salts with a molecular
mass from about 2 000 to 100 000, obtained by polymerization or
copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such
as acrylic acid, maleic acid or anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic
acid, aconitic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid or
methylenemalonic acid, and most particularly polyacrylates with a
molecular mass from about 2 000 to 10 000 (US-A-3 308 067),
copolymers of acrylic acid and of maleic anhydride with a molecular
mass from about 5 000 to 75 000 (EP-A-66 915);
[0165] polyethylene glycols with a molecular mass from about 1 000
to 50 000.
[0166] Fluorescers (Brighteners)
[0167] These may be present in an amount of about 0.05-1.2% by
weight, these being agents such as:
[0168] stilbene, pyrazoline, coumarin, fumaric acid, cinnamic acid,
azole, methinecyanin, thiophene, etc. derivatives ("The production
and application of fluorescent brightening agents"--M. Zahradnik,
published by John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1982).
[0169] Foam Suppressants
[0170] These may be present in amounts which may be up to 5% by
weight, these being agents such as:
[0171] C.sub.10-C.sub.24 monocarboxylic fatty acids or alkali
metal, ammonium or alkanolamine salts thereof, and fatty acid
triglycerides;
[0172] saturated or unsaturated aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or
heterocyclic hydrocarbons, such as paraffins and waxes;
[0173] N-alkylaminotriazines;
[0174] monostearyl phosphates and monostearyl alkyl phosphates;
[0175] polyorganosiloxane oils or resins optionally combined with
silica particles.
[0176] Softeners
[0177] These may be present in amounts of about 0.5-10% by weight,
these being agents such as clays.
[0178] Enzymes
[0179] These may be present in an amount which may be up to 5 mg by
weight and preferably of about 0.05-3 mg of active enzyme/g of
detergent formulation, these being enzymes such as:
[0180] proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and peroxidases
(US-A-3 553 139, US-A-4 101 457, US-A-4 507 219, US-A-4 261
868).
[0181] Other Additives
[0182] Mention may be made, inter alia, of:
[0183] buffers,
[0184] fragrances,
[0185] pigments.
[0186] The detergent formulation may be used, in particular in a
washing machine, in a proportion of from 0.5 g/l to 20 g/l and
preferably from 2 g/l to 10 g/l to carry out washing operations at
a temperature from about 25 to 90.degree. C.
[0187] A second embodiment of the care composition of the invention
consists of an aqueous liquid formulation for rinsing and/or
softening fabrics.
[0188] It may be used in a proportion of from 0.2 to 10 g/l and
preferably from 2 to 10 g/l.
[0189] Along with the anionic polysaccharide, there may be present
other constituents of the type such as:
[0190] combinations of cationic surfactants (triethanolamine
diester quaternized with dimethyl sulfate, N-methyl-imidazoline
tallow ester methyl sulfate, dialkyl-dimethylammonium chloride,
alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride, methyl alkylimidazolinium
sulfate, methyl methylbis(alkylamidoethyl)-2-hydroxyethylammonium
sulfate, etc.) in an amount which may range from 3% to 50% and
preferably from 4% to 30% of said formulation, optionally combined
with nonionic surfactants (ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated
alkylphenols, etc.) in an amount which may be up to 3%;
[0191] optical brighteners (0.1% to 0.2%);
[0192] optionally, color-fast agents (polyvinylpyrrolidone,
polyvinyloxazolidone, polymethacrylamide, etc. 0.03% to 25% and
preferably 0.1% to 15%),
[0193] colorants,
[0194] fragrances,
[0195] solvents, in particular alcohols (methanol, ethanol,
propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol or glycerol),
[0196] foam limiters.
[0197] A third embodiment of the care composition of the invention
consists of an additive for drying fabrics in a suitable tumble
dryer.
[0198] Said additive comprises a flexible solid support consisting,
for example, of a strip of woven or nonwoven textile or a sheet of
cellulose, impregnated with said anionic polysaccharide; said
additive is introduced at the time of tumble-drying into the wet
fabrics to be dried at a temperature from about 50 to 80.degree. C.
for 10 to 60 minutes.
[0199] Said additive may also comprise cationic softeners (up to
99%) and color-fast agents (up to 80%), such as those mentioned
above.
[0200] A fourth embodiment of the care composition of the invention
consists of an ironing formulation which may be sprayed directly
onto the dry fabrics before ironing.
[0201] Said formulation may also contain silicone-based polymers
(from 0.2% to 5%), nonionic surfactants (from 0.5% to 5%) or
anionic surfactants (from 0.5% to 5%), fragrances (0.1% to 3%) or
cellulose derivatives (0.1% to 3%), for instance starch; spraying
said formulation onto the fabrics makes it easier to iron them and
limits the creasing of the fabrics when they are worn.
[0202] A fifth embodiment of the care composition of the invention
consists of a prespotter which is in the form of an aqueous
solution or dispersion or a solid (stick).
[0203] Along with the anionic polysaccharide, there may be present
other constituents of the type such as:
[0204] anionic surfactants such as those already mentioned above,
in an amount of at least 5% of the weight of the composition
[0205] nonionic surfactants such as those already mentioned above,
in an amount which may range from 15% to 40% of the weight of the
composition
[0206] aliphatic hydrocarbons, in an amount which can range from 5%
to 20% of the weight of the composition.
[0207] The examples that follow are given for illustrative
purposes.
[0208] The anionic polysaccharide used in the examples below is a
carboxymethyl guar with a degree of substitution of 1.6 and a
weight-average molar mass of 1 400 000, determined as follows by
size exclusion chromatography.
[0209] The measurement is performed in water at pH 9-10 containing
0.1 M LiCl and 2/10000 of NaN.sub.3. The characteristics of the
machine are as follows:
[0210] chromatography columns: 3 Shodex SB806HQ 30 cm, 5 .mu.m
columns
[0211] injector-pump: JASCO pump
[0212] detector: RI Waters 410 refractometer Sensitivity 8, MALLS
Wyatt light scattering, 633 nm He laser
[0213] flow rate: 0.8 ml/min.
[0214] The injected solution (200 .mu.l) contains about 0.5% by
weight of anionic polysaccharide. The weight-average molecular mass
is established directly without calibration using the light
scattering values extrapolated to zero angle; these values are
proportional to CxMx(dn/dc).sup.2.
[0215] C corresponds to the polysaccharide concentration
[0216] M corresponds to the weight-average molecular mass
[0217] n corresponds to the optical index of the solution
[0218] c corresponds to the polysaccharide concentration
[0219] the ratio dn/dc is equal here to 0.140
EXAMPLE 1
[0220] Detergent Formulation
2 Formulation (B) (A) color (C) with P without P without P
Constituents % by weight % by weight % by weight NaTPP 40 Zeolite
4A 0 25 25 2 SiO.sub.2, Na.sub.2O silicate 5 5 5 Sodium carbonate 5
15 15 Acrylate/maleate copolymer 0 5 5 Sokalan CP5 (BASF) Sodium
sulfate 8 21 8 CMC blanose 7MXF 1 1 1 (Hercules) Perborate
monohydrate 15 0 15 Granulated TAED 5 0 5 Anionic surfactant 6 8 6
Laurylbenzene sulfate (Nansa) Nonionic surfactant 3 5 3 Symperonic
A3 (3 EO ethoxylated alcohol - ICI) Nonionic surfactant 9 11 9
Symperonic A9 (9 EO ethoxylated alcohol - ICI) Enzymes (esterases,
0.5 0.5 0.5 amylases, cellulase, protease) Fragrances 1 1 1 Anionic
polysaccharide (% 1.0 1.0 1.0 solids) Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0 1 0
Soil-release sulfonated 0.5 0.5 0.5 Copolyester Repel-O-Tex PF 594
from Rhodia
[0221] A washing operation is carried out in a Tergotometer
laboratory machine which is well known in the profession to
detergent composition formulators. The machine simulates the
mechanical and thermal effects of pulsating-type American washing
machines, but, by virtue of the presence of 6 washing drums, it
makes it possible to carry out simultaneous series of tests with an
appreciable saving in time.
[0222] 25.times.25 cm test pieces are cut from unfinished
cotton.
[0223] The cotton test pieces are first ironed so that they all
have the same level of creasing before washing.
[0224] They are then washed using the above detergent formulation
containing the anionic polysaccharide and rinsed once, under the
following conditions:
[0225] number of test pieces per Tergotometer drum: 2
[0226] volume of water: 1 litre
[0227] water of French hardness 30.degree.TH obtained by suitable
dilution of Contrexeville.RTM. brand mineral water
[0228] washing product concentration: 5 g/l
[0229] washing temperature: 40.degree. C.
[0230] washing time: 20 min
[0231] spin speed of the Tergotometer: 100 rpm
[0232] rinsing with cold water (about 30.degree.TH)
[0233] rinsing time: 5 minutes
[0234] The test pieces are then creased under a 3 kg press for 20
seconds, after which they are dried vertically overnight.
[0235] The same operation is carried out using the same detergent
formulation, but free of the anionic polysaccharide.
[0236] A digital color photograph is then taken of the dry test
pieces, which is then converted into 256 gray scale levels (gray
scale from 0 to 255).
[0237] The number of pixels corresponding to each gray scale level
are counted.
[0238] For each histogram obtained, the standard deviation a of the
distribution of the gray scale level is measured.
[0239] .sigma.1 corresponds to the standard deviation obtained with
the detergent formulation containing no anionic polysaccharide.
[0240] .sigma.2 corresponds to the standard deviation obtained with
the detergent formulation containing the anionic
polysaccharide.
[0241] The performance value is given by the equation
-.DELTA..sigma.=.sigma.2-.sigma.1
[0242] The performance values obtained are as follows:
3 Formulation (A) (B) (C) -.DELTA..sigma. 3.5 4 4.5
[0243] These positive values of -.DELTA..sigma.are representative
of a crease-resistance property provided by the detergent
formulation comprising the anionic polysaccharide according to the
invention.
EXAMPLE 2
[0244] Rinsing/Softening Formulation
4 Constituents % by weight Cationic surfactant: ditallow 5%
dimethylammonium chloride Fragrance 1% HCl to obtain a pH = 3 0.2%
Anionic polysaccharide (% solids) 2%
EXAMPLE 3
[0245] Measurement of the Protection of Colors
[0246] Principle
[0247] This consists in forming, under defined conditions, 10
washes of a sample of several colored cotton fabrics. The color
protection efficacy is tested in an automatic washing machine. The
actual assessment is performed by a reflectance measurement. The
fabrics are examined before and after 10 washes. The variation in
color thus recorded (.DELTA.E*) constitutes the loss of color on
each type of fabric.
[0248] Apparatus-Reagents
[0249] AEG Lavamat 2050 Turbo automatic washing machine: Commercial
front-loading washing machine--wash cycles at 40.degree. C.--volume
of washing water: 13 liters Recorded program: 10 wash cycles
[0250] LUCI100 reflectometer--Dr Lange:
[0251] This is a reflectance machine used for measuring the colors
of fabrics before and after washing.
[0252] 6 tea towels: made of gray cotton cloth referenced 402MBLI
(from D. PORTHAULT SA)
[0253] 4 towels (as ballast): plush-loop white cotton terry towel
500 g/m.sup.2 (from D. PORTHAULT SA)
[0254] Sampling of 5 different commercial colored fabrics
[0255] pink woven cotton
[0256] violet woven cotton
[0257] blue woven cotton
[0258] green woven cotton
[0259] orange woven cotton
[0260] Procedure
[0261] Washing conditions:
5 Wash temperature: 40.degree. C. Duration: about 67 min Number of
washes: 10 Laundry load: 3 kg dry weight (4 towels + 6 tea cloths +
colored fabrics) Bath volume: 13 liters .+-. 1 liter Water
hardness: about 23.degree. TH French Washing formula 5 .+-. 0.1 g/l
concentration:
[0262] Procedure: 5 steps
[0263] Measurements of the color of the new fabric samples
[0264] Sewing of the colored fabric samples to the tea cloths in
order to avoid fraying during the successive washes
[0265] Implementation of the 10 washes without drying between the
cycles
[0266] Drying in open air
[0267] Measurement of colors on the washed fabrics
[0268] The colors are measured on a LUCI100 reflectometer:
[0269] The measuring system used is the CIE [International
Commission on Illumination]--L* a* b* (DIN6174, CIE-LAB 1976).
[0270] It is made up as follows:
[0271] L* corresponds to the degree of whiteness on a white- black
scale.
[0272] L*=100 for a white sample
[0273] L*=0 for a black sample
[0274] a* positions the color in a range from green to red.
[0275] a*.gtoreq.0 the color tends toward red.
[0276] a*.ltoreq.0 the color tends toward green.
[0277] b* positions the color in a range from yellow to blue.
[0278] b*.gtoreq.0 the color tends toward yellow.
[0279] b*.ltoreq.0 the color tends toward blue.
[0280] Each sample of fabric is measured at 5 different points (one
at the center and one in each corner) and the average of the
components L*, a* and b* is calculated.
[0281] Exploiting the Results:
[0282] The reflectometer is equipped with software that indirectly
calculates the .DELTA.E* from the data previously recorded. This
value corresponds to the color variation recorded on the fabric
after washing and is expressed as follows:
.DELTA.L*=L*.sub.after washing-L*.sub.before washing
.DELTA.a*=a*.sub.after washing-a*.sub.before washing
.DELTA.b*=b*.sub.after washing-b*.sub.before washing
[0283] The loss of color for each fabric is then given by the
follow expression:
.DELTA.E.sup.1={square root}{square root over
((.DELTA.L.sup.1).sup.2+(.DE-
LTA.a.sup.1).sup.2+(.DELTA.b.sup.1).sup.2)}
[0284] The performance quality of the polysaccharide relative to
the reference is measured as the difference in .DELTA.E* between
the formulae without and with polysaccharide.
[0285] The cumulative loss of color is calculated as the sum of the
losses of color of the colored fabrics.
[0286] A detergent formulation (F) is prepared by adding 1 part of
anionic polysaccharide to 100 parts of composition (C) below
(expressed in parts by weight):
6 sodium lauryl alkyl benzene sulfonate 19.2 Nabion 15 from Rhodia
(cogranules of 48.6 sodium silicate and of calcium carbonate)
sodium carbonate 10.3 sodium sulfate 13.5 Sokalan CP5 6.4
Phosphonate Dequest 2016 2
[0287] This formulation (F) and the composition without anionic
polysaccharide (C) are tested as described above.
[0288] The results obtained are as follows:
7 fabric (C) (F) Performance pink 20.20 12.21 7.99 violet 21.84
15.79 6.05 blue 2.56 1.56 1.00 green 10.99 9.04 1.95 orange 3.60
2.59 1.01 cumulative loss of 59.19 41.19 18 color .DELTA.E
[0289] These results show that the presence of anionic
polysaccharide in the formulation (F) allows the protection of the
colors to be improved substantially.
* * * * *