U.S. patent application number 10/605486 was filed with the patent office on 2004-06-03 for gas fired portable unvented infrared heater.
This patent application is currently assigned to MR. HEATER INC.. Invention is credited to DuRoss, John D. JR., Haire, Allan L., Vandrak, Brian S..
Application Number | 20040106080 10/605486 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34435256 |
Filed Date | 2004-06-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040106080 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Vandrak, Brian S. ; et
al. |
June 3, 2004 |
Gas Fired Portable Unvented Infrared Heater
Abstract
A portable heater adapted for use in a recreational enclosure or
temporary work enclosure includes a housing having an air inlet on
the lower front face. A gas supply is partially enclosed by the
housing which provides propane to the mouth of a burner venturi
located within the housing. Air is drawn through the air inlet and
also enters the mouth of the burner venturi. The air and gas are
mixed thoroughly as they travel upwardly through the burner
venturi. A chimney effect increases fresh air flow velocity into
the burner venturi and allows the heater to operate at a reduced
fuel gas pressure. Upon exiting the burner venturi, the air/gas
mixture is to a plenum and radiant surface where combustion takes
place. Any conventional means may be provided to ignite the air/gas
mixture in order to cause combustion. The combustion products
deflect off a deflector, which is cooled on a rear face by air flow
through the housing, which decreases the temperature of the
combustion products before exiting an outlet. An oxygen depletion
system (ODS) shuts off the portable heater when oxygen levels begin
to drop and consequently carbon monoxide levels begin to rise.
Inventors: |
Vandrak, Brian S.; (Highland
Heights, OH) ; DuRoss, John D. JR.; (Chagrin Falls,
OH) ; Haire, Allan L.; (Garfield Heights,
OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BUCKINGHAM, DOOLITTLE & BURROUGHS, LLP
50 S. MAIN STREET
AKRON
OH
44308
US
|
Assignee: |
MR. HEATER INC.
4560 West 160th Street
Cleveland
OH
|
Family ID: |
34435256 |
Appl. No.: |
10/605486 |
Filed: |
October 2, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10605486 |
Oct 2, 2003 |
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10051561 |
Jan 18, 2002 |
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6648635 |
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10605486 |
Oct 2, 2003 |
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09731156 |
Dec 6, 2000 |
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6340298 |
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60169062 |
Dec 6, 1999 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
432/222 ;
432/224 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24C 3/042 20130101;
F24C 3/122 20130101; F24C 3/103 20130101; F24C 3/082 20130101; F24C
15/24 20130101; F24C 3/14 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
432/222 ;
432/224 |
International
Class: |
F24H 001/00 |
Claims
1. A portable gas-fired infrared heater comprising: (a) a housing
enclosing a burner assembly including a gas valve adapted to
receive fuel from an associated fuel supply and communicating with
an orifice, the orifice being located to direct fuel to a venturi
for mixing with air which, in turn, communicates with a rear face
of a radiant surface where combustion occurs, the housing further
including an air inlet for communicating air to the venturi; (b)
said housing at least partially enclosing at least one fuel source;
and (c) an oxygen depletion monitoring means associated with the
burner assembly for automatically shutting off the burner assembly
at a predetermined content of at least one gas selected from the
group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
2. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
handle spaced from the radiant surface.
3. The portable heater of claim 2 which further comprises (a) at
least two legs that elevate the housing relative to an associated
support surface.
4. The portable heater of claim 2 which further comprises (a) at
least one recess in the housing for hanging the heater.
5. The portable heater of claim 4 wherein (a) the recess is a
key-shaped opening.
6. The portable heater of claim 4 wherein (a) the recess is located
on a surface of the housing spaced from the radiant surface.
7. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) an
igniter secured to the housing for initiating combustion at the
radiant surface.
8. The portable heater of claim 1 wherein (a) the housing is
dimensioned to enclose at least an upper portion of said at least
one fuel source.
9. The portable heater of claim 8 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least a one pound propane fuel tank.
10. The portable heater of claim 9 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least two one pound propane fuel tanks.
11. The portable heater of claim 8 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is completely enclosed within said housing.
12. The portable heater of claim 10 wherein (a) said at least two
one pound propane fuel tanks are completely enclosed within said
housing.
13. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
controller for selectively switching operation of the portable
heater among at least discrete off, pilot, low, and high
positions.
14. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
controller for continuous variable operation of the portable
heater.
15. The portable heater of claim 13 wherein (a) the controller
includes a control knob disposed in a housing recess for protecting
against inadvertent contact.
16. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) an
extended length hose assembly for connecting the heater to an
associated remote fuel source.
17. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
regulator for reducing pressure from an associated fuel source.
18. The portable heater of claim 17 wherein (a) the regulator
limits the pressure of an associated fuel source to approximately
eleven inches water column.
19. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
thermocouple that monitors changes in temperature of a pilot flame
associated with the radiant surface.
20. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) a
shield secured to the housing in overlapping relation to the
radiant surface.
21. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) at
least one fan to increase air circulation through said heater; and
(b) a power source for said at least one fan.
22. The portable heater of claim 21 wherein (a) said power source
is selected from the group consisting of at least one dry cell
battery, at least one battery pack and a power cord configured to
plug into a source of electricity.
23. The portable heater of claim 22 wherein (a) said power source
is rechargeable.
24. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) an
access means to said at least one fuel source.
25. The portable heater of claim 24 wherein (a) said access means
is a door in said housing.
26. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) at
least one pivotable fitting for connection to said at least one
fuel source.
27. The portable heater of claim 10 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on one side of said heater.
28. The portable heater of claim 10 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on a rear side of said heater.
29. The portable heater of claim 10 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on opposed sides of said heater.
30. The portable heater of claim 10 which further comprises (a) an
igniter for each fuel source.
31. The portable heater of claim 30 which further comprises (a) a
controller for each fuel source.
32. A portable radiant heater comprising: (a) a housing having a
handle for transporting the heater; (b) an air inlet in the
housing; (c) a burner assembly mounted in the housing including at
least one fuel valve adapted to operatively communicate with at
least one associated fuel source and the air inlet; and (d) a
radiant surface having a rear face communicating with a plenum
chamber and wherein the radiant surface is recessed in the housing
and disposed at an angle; and (e) an oxygen depletion system
operatively associated with the burner assembly for automatically
shutting off the fuel valve in response to detection of a
predetermined level of at least one gas selected from the group
consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
33. The portable heater of claim 32 wherein (a) the plenum chamber
is adjacent to the radiant surface for distributing an associated
air/fuel mixture over the rear face of the radiant surface.
34. The portable heater of claim 33 which further comprises (a) a
regulator for limiting the pressure of the associated fuel source
to approximately eleven inches water column.
35. The portable heater of claim 34 which further comprises (a) a
control knob for selecting various modes of operation of the
heater, the control knob located in a recess of the housing for
limiting inadvertent contact.
36. The portable heater of claim 35 wherein (a) the heater includes
a controller for providing at least 4000 BTUs/hour in a first
operative state and at least 9000 BTUs/hour in a second operative
state.
37. The portable heater of claim 36 which further comprises (a) an
elongated hose assembly for interconnecting the heater to an
associated remotely located fuel source.
38. The portable heater of claim 32 wherein (a) the housing
includes at least one cavity dimensioned for receiving at least one
associated fuel source therein.
39. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) a
venturi interposed between the at least one fuel valve and the
radiant surface for mixing the associated fuel with air.
40. The portable heater of claim 32 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is a one pound propane cylinder.
41. The portable heater of claim 40 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least two one pound propane cylinders.
42. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) a
thermocouple that monitors changes in temperature of a pilot flame
associated with the radiant surface.
43. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) a
shield secured to the housing in overlapping relation to the
radiant surface.
44. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) at
least one fan to increase air circulation through said heater; and
(b) a power source for said at least one fan.
45. The portable heater of claim 44 wherein (a) said power source
is selected from the group consisting of at least one dry cell
battery, at least one battery pack and a power cord configured to
plug into a source of electricity.
46. The portable heater of claim 45 wherein (a) said power source
is rechargeable.
47. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) an
access means to said at least one fuel source.
48. The portable heater of claim 47 wherein (a) said access means
is a door in said housing.
49. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) at
least one pivotable fitting for connection to said at least one
fuel source.
50. The portable heater of claim 41 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on one side of said heater.
51. The portable heater of claim 41 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on a rear side of said heater.
52. The portable heater of claim 41 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on opposed sides of said heater.
53. The portable heater of claim 41 which further comprises (a) an
igniter for each fuel source.
54. The portable heater of claim 53 which further comprises (a) a
controller for each fuel source.
55. A portable radiant heater comprising: (a) a housing for
enclosing said heater and at least partially enclosing at least a
one pound fuel source; (b) an air inlet in the housing; (c) a
burner assembly mounted in the housing including a fuel valve
adapted to operatively communicate with said at least one fuel
source and the air inlet; (d) a radiant surface having a rear face
communicating with a plenum chamber and wherein the radiant surface
is recessed in the housing and disposed at an angle; and (e) an
automatic shutoff mechanism operatively associated with the burner
assembly for shutting off the fuel valve in response to a detection
of a predetermined level of at least one gas selected from the
group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
56. The portable radiant heater of claim 55 wherein (a) the
automatic shutoff mechanism includes a thermocouple that monitors
changes in a temperature of a flame of the burner assembly
indicative of changes in the concentration of a gas selected from
the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon
monoxide.
57. The portable radiant heater of claim 56 wherein (a) the
automatic shutoff mechanism shuts off at approximately 100 ppm of
carbon monoxide at approximately 18% oxygen levels.
58. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) an
igniter secured to the housing for initiating combustion at the
radiant surface.
59. The portable heater of claim 55 wherein (a) the housing is
dimensioned to enclose at least an upper portion of said at least
one fuel source.
60. The portable heater of claim 59 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least a one pound propane fuel tank.
61. The portable heater of claim 59 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least two one pound propane fuel tanks.
62. The portable heater of claim 60 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is completely enclosed within said housing.
63. The portable heater of claim 61 wherein (a) said at least two
one pound propane fuel tanks are completely enclosed within said
housing.
64. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) a
controller for selectively switching operation of the portable
heater among at least discrete off, pilot, low, and high
positions.
65. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) a
controller for continuous variable operation of the portable
heater.
66. The portable heater of claim 64 wherein (a) the controller
includes a control knob disposed in a housing recess for protecting
against inadvertent contact.
67. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) an
extended length hose assembly for connecting the heater to an
associated remote fuel source.
68. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) a
regulator for reducing pressure from an associated fuel source.
69. The portable heater of claim 68 wherein (a) the regulator
limits the pressure of an associated fuel source to approximately
eleven inches water column.
70. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) a
thermocouple that monitors changes in temperature of a pilot flame
associated with the radiant surface.
71. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) a
shield secured to the housing in overlapping relation to the
radiant surface.
72. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) at
least one fan to increase air circulation through said heater; and
(b) a power source for said at least one fan.
73. The portable heater of claim 72 wherein (a) said power source
is selected from the group consisting of at least one dry cell
battery, at least one battery pack and a power cord configured to
plug into a source of electricity.
74. The portable heater of claim 73 wherein (a) said power source
is rechargeable.
75. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) an
access means to said at least one fuel source.
76. The portable heater of claim 75 wherein (a) said access means
is a door in said housing.
77. The portable heater of claim 76 which further comprises (a) at
least one pivotable fitting for connection to said at least one
fuel source.
78. The portable heater of claim 61 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on one side of said heater.
79. The portable heater of claim 61 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on a rear side of said heater.
80. The portable heater of claim 61 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on opposed sides of said heater.
81. The portable heater of claim 61 which further comprises (a) an
igniter for each fuel source.
82. The portable heater of claim 81 which further comprises (a) a
controller for each fuel source.
83. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) at
least two wheels extending from a bottom of said housing.
84. The portable heater of claim 83 wherein (a) said at least two
wheels is four wheels, each positioned at a corner of said bottom
housing.
85. The portable heater of claim 1 which further comprises (a) at
least two burner assemblies.
86. The portable heater of claim 85 wherein (a) said at least two
burner assemblies are independently controlled.
87. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) at
least two wheels extending from a bottom of said housing.
88. The portable heater of claim 87 wherein (a) said at least two
wheels is four wheels, each positioned at a corner of said bottom
housing.
89. The portable heater of claim 32 which further comprises (a) at
least two burner assemblies.
90. The portable heater of claim 89 wherein (a) said at least two
burner assemblies are independently controlled.
91. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) at
least two wheels extending from a bottom of said housing.
92. The portable heater of claim 91 wherein (a) said at least two
wheels is four wheels, each positioned at a corner of said bottom
housing.
93. The portable heater of claim 55 which further comprises (a) at
least two burner assemblies.
94. The portable heater of claim 93 wherein (a) said at least two
burner assemblies are independently controlled.
95. The portable heater of claim 13 which further comprises (a) a
piezo igniter
96. The portable heater of claim 64 which further comprises (a) a
piezo igniter
97. The portable heater of claim 16 which further comprises (a) a
hose assembly recoil means.
98. The portable heater of claim 37 which further comprises (a) a
hose assembly recoil means.
99. The portable heater of claim 67 which further comprises (a) a
hose assembly recoil means.
100. The portable heater of claim 97 wherein (a) the hose assembly
further comprises a positive fuel shutoff means at both ends of
said hose assembly.
101. The portable heater of claim 98 wherein (a) the hose assembly
further comprises a positive fuel shutoff means at both ends of
said hose assembly.
102. The portable heater of claim 99 wherein (a) the hose assembly
further comprises a positive fuel shutoff means at both ends of
said hose assembly.
103. A portable gas-fired infrared heater comprising: (a) a housing
enclosing a burner assembly including a gas valve adapted to
receive fuel from an associated enclosed fuel supply comprising at
least one 1-lb. cylinder for said fuel supply and communicating
with an orifice, the orifice being located to direct fuel for
mixing with air which, in turn, communicates with a radiant surface
where combustion occurs; and (b) an oxygen depletion monitoring
means associated with the burner assembly for automatically
shutting off the burner assembly at a predetermined content of at
least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon
dioxide and carbon monoxide.
104. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a) a
handle spaced from the radiant surface.
105. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
at least two legs that elevate the housing relative to an
associated support surface.
106. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
at least one recess in the housing for hanging the heater.
107. The portable heater of claim 106 wherein (a) the recess is a
key-shaped opening.
108. The portable heater of claim 106 wherein (a) the recess is
located on a surface of the housing spaced from the radiant
surface.
109. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
an igniter secured to the housing for initiating combustion at the
radiant surface.
110. The portable heater of claim 103 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least two one pound propane fuel tanks.
111. The portable heater of claim 110 wherein (a) said at least two
one pound propane fuel tanks are completely enclosed within said
housing.
112. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a) a
controller for selectively switching operation of the portable
heater among at least discrete off, pilot, low, and high
positions.
113. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a) a
controller for continuous variable operation of the portable
heater.
114. The portable heater of claim 112 wherein (a) the controller
includes a control knob disposed in a housing recess for protecting
against inadvertent contact.
115. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
an extended length hose assembly for connecting the heater to an
associated remote fuel source.
116. The portable heater of claim 115 which further comprises (a) a
regulator for reducing pressure from an associated fuel source.
117. The portable heater of claim 116 wherein (a) the regulator
limits the pressure of an associated fuel source to approximately
eleven inches water column.
118. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a) a
thermocouple that monitors changes in temperature of a pilot flame
associated with the radiant surface.
119. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a) a
shield secured to the housing in overlapping relation to the
radiant surface.
120. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
at least one fan to increase air circulation through said heater;
and (b) a power source for said at least one fan.
121. The portable heater of claim 120 wherein (a) said power source
is selected from the group consisting of at least one dry cell
battery, at least one battery pack and a power cord configured to
plug into a source of electricity.
122. The portable heater of claim 121 wherein (a) said power source
is rechargeable.
123. The portable heater of claim 103 which further comprises (a)
an access means to said at least one fuel source.
124. The portable heater of claim 123 wherein (a) said access means
is a door in said housing.
125. The portable heater of claim 123 which further comprises (a)
at least one pivotable fitting for connection to said at least one
fuel source.
126. The portable heater of claim 111 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on one side of said heater.
127. The portable heater of claim 111 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on a rear side of said heater.
128. The portable heater of claim 111 wherein (a) said at least two
fuel sources are positioned on opposed sides of said heater.
129. The portable heater of claim 111 which further comprises (a)
an igniter for each fuel source.
130. The portable heater of claim 129 which further comprises (a) a
controller for each fuel source.
131. A portable radiant heater comprising: (a) a housing for
enclosing said heater (b) at least one 1-lb. fuel source in
communication with said heater, said fuel source removable by
pivotal movement from a first in-use position to a second
replacement position; (c) an air inlet in the housing; (d) a burner
assembly mounted in the housing including a fuel valve adapted to
operatively communicate with said at least one fuel source and the
air inlet; (e) a radiant surface in the housing where combustion
occurs; and (f) an automatic shutoff mechanism operatively
associated with the burner assembly for shutting off the fuel valve
in response to a detection of a predetermined level of at least one
gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide
and carbon monoxide.
132. The portable radiant heater of claim 131 wherein (a) the
automatic shutoff mechanism includes a thermocouple that monitors
changes in a temperature of a flame of the burner assembly
indicative of changes in the concentration of a gas selected from
the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon
monoxide.
133. The portable radiant heater of claim 132 wherein (a) the
automatic shutoff mechanism shuts off at approximately 100 ppm of
carbon monoxide at approximately 18% oxygen levels.
134. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a)
an igniter secured to the housing for initiating combustion at the
radiant surface.
135. The portable heater of claim 131 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least a one pound propane fuel tank.
136. The portable heater of claim 135 wherein (a) said at least one
fuel source is at least two one pound propane fuel tanks.
137. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a) a
controller for selectively switching operation of the portable
heater among at least discrete off, pilot, low, and high
positions.
138. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a) a
controller for continuous variable operation of the portable
heater.
139. The portable heater of claim 137 wherein (a) the controller
includes a control knob disposed in a housing recess for protecting
against inadvertent contact.
140. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a)
an extended length hose assembly for connecting the heater to an
associated remote fuel source.
141. The portable heater of claim 140 which further comprises (a) a
regulator for reducing pressure from an associated fuel source.
142. The portable heater of claim 141 wherein (a) the regulator
limits the pressure of an associated fuel source to approximately
eleven inches water column.
143. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a) a
thermocouple that monitors changes in temperature of a pilot flame
associated with the radiant surface.
144. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a) a
shield secured to the housing in overlapping relation to the
radiant surface.
145. The portable heater of claim 131 which further comprises (a)
an access means to said at least one fuel source.
146. The portable heater of claim 145 wherein (a) said access means
is a door.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 10/051,561 filed Jan. 18, 2002, which is a
continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No.
09/731,156, filed on Dec. 6, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,340,298,
which is a non-provisional patent application of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 60/169,062, filed Dec. 6, 1999.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates generally to improved portable
heaters used in relatively small enclosures. More particularly, the
invention relates to a uniquely configured propane source infrared
heater for use in enclosures such as small recreational enclosures,
temporary work enclosures, or vehicles. Although the invention was
designed for indoor areas, it will be appreciated that it has
broader applications and may be advantageously employed in a wide
variety of environments without departing from the scope of the
invention.
[0003] Gas-fired portable heaters are well known in the art and are
used in multiple environments. The heater typically includes a
housing having a chamber. The housing has an inlet for receiving
air into the chamber. Gas is introduced into the chamber to be
mixed with the air in order to complete combustion and provide an
infrared heating surface. A plenum directs the heat toward a mesh
screen and evenly distributes it over the surface thereof. The
overall goal in designing such a unit is to achieve a radiant
surface that provides even, stable heating over the entire
surface.
[0004] The use of such heaters is strictly regulated for outdoor
only use due to the emission of carbon monoxide. Prior designs in
existing portable units are subject to a wide variety of problems.
Most importantly, the prior designs are not safe or certified to
operate in small recreational enclosures such as tents, truck-caps,
fishing huts, trailers, vans, etc. There are a few reasons why the
devices found in the prior art are not adequate to perform in such
environments. First, the portable heaters that exist today operate
at a high pressure generally on the order of 12 psi. Specifically,
the pressure from the propane tank through a regulator is
necessarily high in order to achieve adequate gas and air flow. In
addition to requiring high pressure, previous designs do not have
the ability to pass strict combustion requirements at a high and
low firing condition and at a reduced pressure. For example, a new
standard developed for this product (CSA International 4.98 US)
states that "the appliance shall not produce carbon monoxide in
excess of 0.010 (100 ppm) percent in a room with no air changes
occurring during combustion of the amount of gas necessary to
reduce the oxygen content of the room to 18 percent by volume." In
addition, they do not possess an oxygen depletion system ("ODS")
(Capreci/Part No. 21500). These shortcomings have prevented the
portable heaters found in the prior art from adequately performing
in small recreational and temporary work enclosures.
[0005] Therefore, a need exists to provide a portable infrared
heater capable of performing safely in small recreational
enclosures and temporary work enclosures.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0006] This invention contemplates a new and improved burner
assembly that is capable of performing safely in small recreational
facilities such as tents, truck-caps, vans, fishing huts, trailers,
etc.
[0007] According to the present invention, a portable heater
includes an outer housing having a first or front face, a second or
rear face, and two sides interconnecting the front and rear faces.
An air inlet is located on the front face of the housing,
preferably along a lower portion thereof. A gas supply or tank is
partially enclosed and supported by the outer housing. A burner
venturi, having a cylindrical body extending upwardly at a slight
angle, is disposed within the housing. The burner venturi also has
a mouth operatively associated with a bottom end of the cylindrical
body. Gas is released from the gas supply into the mouth of the
burner venturi. At the same time, air is drawn into the mouth of
the burner venturi from the air inlet. The air and gas mix
thoroughly as they travel upwardly through the burner venturi.
[0008] Upon exiting the burner venturi, a baffle directs the
air/gas mixture into a plenum to further mix, enter a rear face of
a radiant surface, and then ignited on a top surface where
combustion occurs. Any conventional means for initially sparking or
igniting the air/gas mixture at the burner surface can be used. The
burner plenum is heated to an elevated temperature and the radiant
surface emits heat to the ambient environment. Combustion products
are directed off a deflector shield which reduces the temperature
of the products before exiting an outlet at an upper portion of the
housing.
[0009] The air inlet of the present invention is advantageously
designed to provide air flow along the hot burner plenum resulting
in an increased velocity of air flow to the burner venturi. As the
burner venturi is heated, the thermal properties result in the
air/gas mixture passing upwardly through the angled burner venturi
creating a chimney type effect. The chimney effect created by the
present invention increases the air flow velocity into the burner
venturi. In addition, the device reduces pressure from the gas
supply and has the ability to satisfy combustion requirements at
low fire condition.
[0010] These and other objects of the present invention will become
more readily apparent from a reading of the following detailed
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
wherein like reference numerals indicate similar parts, and with
further reference to the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0011] The invention may take physical form in certain parts and
arrangements of parts, a preferred embodiment of which will be
described in detail in the specification and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and wherein:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a heater
assembly in accordance with the teachings of the present
invention;
[0013] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the heater
assembly in accordance with the present invention;
[0014] FIG. 3 is an enlarged elevational view of a thermocouple,
spark igniter, and pilot tube assembly used in the preferred
embodiment of the present invention;
[0015] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the heater taken generally
from the front and left-hand side;
[0016] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the heater taken generally
from the front and right-hand side;
[0017] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the heater taken generally
from the rear and right-hand side;
[0018] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the heater taken generally
from the rear and left-hand side;
[0019] FIG. 8 is a perspective elevational view of the heater in
accordance with the present invention;
[0020] FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the portable heater;
[0021] FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the portable
heater;
[0022] FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of the portable
heater;
[0023] FIG. 12 is a rear elevational view of the portable
heater;
[0024] FIG. 13 is a front elevational view of the portable
heater;
[0025] FIG. 14 is a top view of the portable heater;
[0026] FIG. 15 is a side elevational view of the portable heater
showing a fully enclosed fuel source openable by a hinged door;
[0027] FIG. 16 is front elevational view of the portable heater
showing an attached battery pack for use with an optional fan to
increase circulation;
[0028] FIG. 17 is a top perspective view of the portable heater
with top handle removed showing an optional rear fan in the housing
operated by removable and optionally rechargeable dry cell
batteries;
[0029] FIG. 18 is a rear elevational view of the portable heater
showing a detachable door for enclosing the fuel source;
[0030] FIG. 19 is a rear elevational view of the portable heater
with the detachable door of FIG. 18 removed thereby illustrating
the fuel source which is pivotable about a fuel supply
connection;
[0031] FIG. 20 is a top elevational view of the portable heater
with handle and front grill removed showing two fuel sources
positioned about one side of the heater;
[0032] FIG. 21 is a front elevational view of the portable heater
of FIG. 20 showing front fuel source in ghost lines;
[0033] FIG. 22 is a top elevational view of an alternative
embodiment of the invention illustrating two fuel sources
positioned about opposed sides of the heater;
[0034] FIG. 23 is a front elevational view of FIG. 22 illustrating
the fuel sources enclosed within a slotted enclosure;
[0035] FIG. 24 is a top elevational view of an alternative
embodiment of the invention with handle and front grill removed
illustrating two fuel sources positioned at the rear of the heater
and partially protruding through the rear wall of the heater;
[0036] FIG. 25 is a front elevational view of FIG. 24.
[0037] FIG. 26 is a rear perspective view with rear and side panels
removed illustrating pivotable fuel source rotation and
battery-powered fan; and
[0038] FIG. 27 is a bottom perspective view illustrating the
optional remote LP gas supply hose in a coiled configuration.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for
purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiment of the invention
only and not for purposes of limiting the same, the Figures show a
portable heater for use in confined spaces with various
configurations for the positioning of the fuel source(s).
[0040] Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for
purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiment of the invention
only, and not for purposes of limiting same, the FIGURES show a
portable heating device A adapted for use in small enclosed
environments. Although the present invention is designed for use in
recreational enclosures and temporary work enclosures, it will be
appreciated that other uses are contemplated.
[0041] The portable heater A includes a housing 10 having a front
face 12, a rear face 14, and two sides 16, 18. The housing 10 is
preferably manufactured to have smooth contours to prevent snagging
or catching of things such as clothing, fabric, etc. A stepped
recess or external cavity is formed in an upper front corner region
of the left side 16 of the housing 10 for supporting a control knob
or temperature controller 20. The recess provides protection
against inadvertent contact and accidental changing of the
temperature. The temperature controller 20 preferably has four
positions: off, pilot, low, and high (not shown) although
continuously variable positions for infinitely variable heating is
also contemplated within the scope of this invention. Controller
may incorporate a piezo spark igniter integral to controller stem
rotation.
[0042] Another recess is disposed on the upper back corner of the
left side 16 of the housing 10. This recess supports an igniter
button 22 for activating the heater A. This recess also protects
against inadvertent contact with the igniter button 22.
[0043] The heater A is supported by two elongated legs 24a, 24b
laterally disposed along the outboard edges of the rear face 14 and
front face 12 respectively. The legs 24a, 24b are preferably
grooved providing a friction surface to contact the supporting
surface and preferably extend over the entire width of the housing
to provide a wide "footprint" and stable support area for the
heater. In another embodiment (not shown), additional legs
extending front to rear are provided beneath legs 24a, 24b to
increase air flow beneath the heater. A handle 26 is recessed from
and extends from the top of the heater at an angle directed away
(approximately 15.degree.) from the front face 12. The offset
allows the handle to remain cool for handling by a user while the
angled orientation of the handle 26 protects the user's hand from
heat exiting the top of the heater while the user transports the
heater. The handle 26 is optionally grooved providing an enhanced
gripping surface for the user.
[0044] A shield or metal grid 30 is attached to the front face 12
of the heater to provide protection to the heater components. In
addition, the shield prevents accidental contact with the hot
portions of the heater front face 12. The shield is preferably made
from elongated wire metal strips and peripheral pieces are received
in openings 32 in the housing to secure the shield to the heater.
In addition, only one screw (not shown) need be removed for access
to the interior components enabling easy servicing or replacement
of selected components of the heater. Two keyhole openings or
recesses 34a, 34b are located on the upper portion of the back face
14 of the heater allowing the user to hang the heater in an
elevated position.
[0045] An opening or air inlet 40 is disposed on a lower portion of
the front face 12 of the heater for receiving and filtering air
drawn into the housing. The air inlet 40 is preferably formed from
a series of elongated slits 42 equispaced across the housing
beneath the shield. However, any opening that adequately provides
air inflow is within the scope of the present invention.
[0046] An LP ("Liquified Petroleum" or "Liquified Propane") gas
supply tank 50 is secured to and partially enclosed by the housing
10 (See FIGS. 5 and 6). The LP gas supply 50 is preferably a
removable canister or propane tank that can be replaced by a new
tank or removed, refilled, and re-installed in the housing. A
conical dome 52 protrudes from the side 18 of the housing 10 and
partially encloses the gas supply tank 50. The dome acts as a
protective shroud to cover the interconnection of the tank with the
housing. For example, a one pound propane cylinder may be connected
to the housing to provide approximately six hours of continuous
operation on the low setting. Alternatively, the heater can be
supplied, for example, by a conventional twenty pound propane tank
having an extended length hose assembly so that the tank can be
located away from the heated region. For instance, the propane tank
can be positioned outside a tent, cabin, fishing shanty garage,
etc. while the heater is located within the structure and the
heater provide on the order of one hundred and ten hours of heat
with the larger gas supply tank.
[0047] The gas supply 50 is connected to a regulator which connects
to a valve and orifice 56 (See FIG. 1) which is selectively
adjustable between open and closed positions, access being provided
to the regulator through window opening 58 for remote LP gas supply
hose tightening and leak checking (see FIG. 6). Optionally the LP
gas supply hose 130 with connector fittings 132, 134 is stored
underneath the unit within receptacles 136 in combination with side
ledges 138 illustrated in FIG. 27. It is recognized that the LP
couplings may be "quick connects" when the supply pressure is
already regulated to about 11" water column. In this embodiment,
the quick-coupler hose is integral to the heater and downstream
from heater regulator(s) but before the control valve to facilitate
connection to a regulated hose supply from an external fuel source
such as a 20 pound cylinder. Similarly, the regulated fuel supply
(11" water column) could originate from a self-contained system as
in a recreational vehicle. The quick-coupler hose connection would
incorporate positive fuel shut-off in both male and female
connection components to prevent fuel escape when disconnected.
[0048] Referring again to FIGS. 1 and 2, a burner venturi 60 is
enclosed within the housing 10 and operates to mix oxygen and
propane for combustion. The burner venturi 60 has a hollow
generally cylindrical body 62 and a tapered mouth 64 having a wider
diameter than the body 62. The burner venturi is disposed at an
angle a relative to the longitudinal axis of the heater A. The
mouth 64 of the burner venturi is positioned on approximately the
same axial plane as the air inlet 40 and the cylindrical body 62
extends upwardly from the mouth 64. The orifice 56 which is
attached to the gas supply 50 is located directly beneath the mouth
64 of the burner venturi 60.
[0049] Also located within the housing A is a generally planar
radiant surface 70 disposed at an angle # relative to the
longitudinal axis of the heater. A rear face of the radiant surface
is in communication with a cavity or plenum chamber 72. The burner
plenum receives the air/gas mixture from the venturi and
distributes the mixture over and through the rear face of the
radiant surface. Thus, in operation, the orifice 56, attached to
the gas supply, is opened releasing a fuel gas such as propane into
the mouth 64 of the burner venturi 60. Associated with the orifice
is a regulator that reduces the delivery pressure of the fuel gas
from the tank (rated up to 150 psi) to eleven inches of water
column in one stage. Thus, this portable heater operates at a
significantly lower pressure than existing commercially available
units. The stream of gas exiting the orifice 56 creates a vacuum
effect drawing air from the air inlet 40 into the mouth 64 of the
burner venturi. Propane and air are thoroughly mixed in the burner
venturi 60 and plenum 72 in order to achieve complete combustion
and produce a clean burning infrared heating surface. The mixture
of oxygen and propane travels upward through the cylindrical body
62 of the burner venturi 60 until reaching the plenum chamber 72.
To prevent the mixture of propane and oxygen from immediately
exiting the plenum chamber 72, a solid baffle 76 is provided which
forces the air/gas mixture downward into communication with the
rear face of the radiant surface.
[0050] The radiant surface may be a burner tile or a multi-ply
screens (not shown) that define a plurality of small openings which
permit combustion of the air/gas mixture as it passes therethrough.
A means is provided for initially sparking or igniting the mixture
at the radiant surface. In the present invention a container 80
houses the pilot 82 and the igniter 84 (see FIG. 3) which provides
the initial sparking. It will be appreciated that any conventional
means for initially sparking or igniting the mixture can be
utilized. Combustion of the air/gas mixture is maintained and
reaches elevated temperatures of approximately 1200.degree. F. The
heater shown in the drawings with one propane cylinder is rated at
a minimum 4000 BTUs and a maximum 9000 BTUs at eleven inches water
column pressure. Other ratings are also potential alternatives,
including up to 20,000 to 25,000 BTU models when more than one
propane cylinder and associated burner assemblies are utilized.
[0051] A reflector 90 extends outwardly from the top of the burner
plenum 72 at an angle directed toward the top portion of the front
face 12 of the housing 10. The natural convective upward path of
the combustion products leads the combustion products into contact
with the reflector 90. The reflector 90, in addition to directing
the radiant energy output from the heater toward the front surface
of the housing, also acts as a deflector and reduces the
temperature of the combustion products exiting the heater which
greatly reduces the chance for ignition of a combustible material
if it comes into contact with the heater A. An outlet 92 is
disposed near the top of the housing 10 allowing warm air to mix
with combustion products and exit the device after contacting the
reflector 90. In addition, a deflector 95 is disposed on the top of
front face 12 which reduces the temperature of the combustion
products exiting the heater which greatly reduces the chance for
ignition of a combustible material if it comes into contact with
the heater A.
[0052] In addition, there is an outlet or grate 94 disposed
rearward of outlet 92 that communicates with the interior of the
housing. It provides a continuous flow path for air (that does not
enter the venturi) to flow from the inlet 40 around the rear of the
plenum chamber and exit the housing rearward of the deflector. This
enhances the chimney effect as described above since a large amount
of ambient air is drawn into the housing, a portion used for
combustion purposes and the remainder convects upwardly along the
rear of the plenum and the deflector to exit via the openings 94.
The air inlet 40 of the present invention is designed to encourage
air flow along the back of the hot burner plenum 72, advantageously
resulting in an increased velocity of air flow to the burner
venturi, as well as cooling the rear housing 10. As the burner
venturi 60 is heated, the thermal convection properties urge the
air/gas mixture through the upwardly angled burner venturi 60
creating a chimney type effect. The chimney effect created by the
present invention increases the fresh air flow velocity into the
burner venturi, enabling the pressure from the gas supply 50 to be
reduced, yet burn efficiently on high or low settings.
[0053] In addition to housing the pilot 82 and the igniter 84, the
container 80 preferably houses an oxygen depletion system (See FIG.
3). The oxygen depletion system (ODS) provides an automatic shutoff
mechanism when decreased oxygen levels and resulting increased
carbon monoxide concentrations are detected. For example, the
heater of the present design is intended to automatically shut off
at 100 PPM of carbon monoxide at 18% oxygen levels (21% free normal
air). A thermocouple 86 monitors changes in temperature of the
pilot flame which indicates changes in oxygen and carbon monoxide
levels. Previous designs found in the prior art use a
thermocouple/plunger type safety shut-off arrangement, which is not
deemed to be as sophisticated or precise as the ODS of the present
invention. The addition of an ODS to portable unvented heaters is
an improvement in the art and the first of its kind. A more
detailed discussion of the ODS can be found in a variety of
resources.
[0054] The present invention significantly reduces the pressure
from the propane tank in one stage. The pilot burner must operate
at 11" water column (W.C.) while the main burner may optionally
operate at this same pressure although higher pressures are
envisioned. This is the first portable device for indoor use that
the applicant is aware of that conforms to this standard. The
portable heaters that exist today all operate at high pressures (on
the order of 12 psi) and do not incorporate an ODS. In addition,
the present device has the ability to pass combustion requirements
at a low fire condition.
[0055] In another embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG.
15, the fuel source is positioned within housing 10 and is
accessible through pivotable hinged door 100 with latch 102.
Conical dome 52 extends partway down vertical side 18 and over at
least a portion of the valve of fuel supply 50. Pivotal movement of
hinged door 100 is accomplished by the user effecting vertical
axial counterclockwise rotational movement about a pair of hinges
or pivot axis (not shown) at one side of the door.
[0056] FIG. 17 illustrates yet another embodiment of the invention
in which improved air flow is effected through heater unit A by the
incorporation of a paddle or cage fan 110 in back panel 14. In one
aspect shown in FIG. 16, a rechargeable battery pack 104 is
illustrated to be positionable within accommodating slot 116 within
side panel 16 of housing 10. Knob 106 is used to variably define
the power setting used with battery pack 104 as well as to be used
as an "on/off" switch for controlling the speed of fan 110.
Alternatively, and in another aspect of the invention, at least
one, preferably two or more rechargeable dry cell batteries, 108a,
108b are employed within side panel 16 of housing 10 as better
illustrated in FIG. 17. The batteries are positioned to be loaded
from the bottom of housing 10 and, the power controlled by a
variably positioned knob 106 located toward the front of housing 10
or at an alternative position as is known in the art for
controlling variable amounts of power to an electrical device.
Depending on the rotational speed of the fan desired, coupled with
battery life expectancy, anywhere from one to four "C" or "D" sized
batteries are employed, although it is equally envisioned that "AA"
batteries may be used in some models where power consumption is
envisioned to be minimal or usage infrequent and for short
duration. Fan 110 has a plurality of paddles or inwardly extending
panels for creating air movement through rotational pivotal
movement about axis 114. The fan is typically a lower voltage fan,
e.g., 3.0 volts, powered by a direct current motor. This increased
air flow insures maximal cooling capacity on various metal and
plastic components in heater A. Battery operation is also
illustrated in FIG. 26 where an alternative dry cell location is
identified.
[0057] FIGS. 18-19 illustrate another embodiment of the invention
in which a snap-fit door 100 is removable from side panel 18
thereby permitting pivotal rotational movement from a first
position to a second replaceable position of fuel source 50 by
swivel fitting 120. This configuration allows an end-user to rotate
the fuel source for easier canister replacement without having to
simultaneously lift the unit. This pivotal coupling is additionally
illustrated in FIG. 26 where one fuel source 50 is shown rotated
approximately 90.degree.. Pivotal movement is effected by rotatable
fuel supply connection 120 feeding common fuel line 115. Propane
cylinders are secured by threading engagement with regulator 119
held in position by sheet metal bracket 117 with pivot axis.
[0058] FIGS. 20-27 illustrate yet another embodiment of the
invention in which more than one fuel source is positionable within
the housing. As illustrated in FIG. 20, two fuel sources 50a, 50b
are positioned within side wall 18 and at least partially covered
by dome-shaped shoulders, and in one aspect, completely enclosed
therein as illustrated in FIG. 21. Temperature controller button 20
and igniter button 22 are positioned similarly to that shown
previously in FIG. 4.
[0059] In FIGS. 22-23, two fuel sources 50a, 50b which are at least
partially enclosed by dome-shaped side panels 52a, 52b are
positioned on opposed sides 18, 16 of heater housing 10. In this
particular embodiment, the units are connected by a mixing valve
(not shown) and the temperature controller button 20 and igniter
button 22 operate to control a single burner unit.
[0060] In FIGS. 24-25, two fuel sources 50a, 50b are once again
shown, the canisters protruding at least partially from the rear 14
of heater housing 10. As illustrated in this embodiment, each fuel
source has its individual temperature controller buttons 20a, 20b
and igniter buttons 22a, 22b for controlling the temperature of
heater A.
[0061] It is recognized that when dual fuel source applications are
discussed, it is recognized that the heat capacity of each burner
need not be the same, and it is within the scope of this invention
that different capacity burners are envisioned. For maximum heat
control by the end-user, it is within the scope of the invention
that one burner will be for "low" capacity applications and wherein
the second burner will be for "high" capacity applications, and
wherein the two burners can be used in combination to produce yet a
higher capacity unit. For other applications, there will be two
"low" capacity burners employed within one unit as well as
applications where there will be two "high" capacity burners
employed within the same unit. In a more expensive version of the
heater, two continuously variable burners will be employed, such
variability predicated by the rate at which fuel and/or air is
supplied to the burners as well as the capacity of the burners.
[0062] It should be noted that in embodiments of this invention in
which more than one fuel source is illustrated, that the fuel
sources can either be operated in tandem or individually. When
operated in tandem, a mixing valve is included prior to the burner.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second location of the
fuel source is that of a storage capacity only, and the unit
operates as previously described. It should also be noted that the
handle 26 illustrated in many of the embodiments, is often
optional, and that a heater which achieves portability by the
incorporation of wheels 120 positioned at the bottom of the unit,
better illustrated in FIG. 25 is within the scope of this invention
or wherein the portability is associated with the incorporation of
a wheeled dolly-like apparatus. When the wheels are of fairly small
size, the number of wheels is at least three, preferably 4 and they
are pivotable about a vertical axis. When the number is three, the
wheels are positioned in a triangular fashion with two wheels at
opposed ends on one side, and a third wheel in the middle of the
unit on an opposed side. When the number is four, the wheels are
positioned at the vertices of the base of the unit. In a
specialized configuration, the number of wheels can be reduced to
two. When used in this manner, the wheels are more similar to
rollers and occupy at least 50% of the width of the base,
preferably more and extending essentially across a complete side,
on both sides of the unit.
[0063] In the foregoing description, certain terms have been used
for brevity, clearness and understanding; but no unnecessary
limitations are to be implied therefrom beyond the requirements of
the prior art, because such terms are used for descriptive purposes
and are intended to be broadly construed. Moreover, the description
and illustration of the invention is by way of example, and the
scope of the invention is not limited to the exact details shown or
described.
[0064] This invention has been described in detail with reference
to specific embodiments thereof, including the respective best
modes for carrying out each embodiment. It shall be understood that
these illustrations are by way of example and not by way of
limitation.
* * * * *