U.S. patent application number 10/353351 was filed with the patent office on 2004-04-29 for remotely operable vent stop.
This patent application is currently assigned to Matrix Devices, LLC. Invention is credited to Boutelle, Steven James, Gadtke, David W., Gaston, Johannes N, Van Ornum, Douglas J.
Application Number | 20040078878 10/353351 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 32109893 |
Filed Date | 2004-04-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040078878 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Gadtke, David W. ; et
al. |
April 29, 2004 |
Remotely operable vent stop
Abstract
A wireless signal is propagated via a communication channel and
received by a vent stop. The vent stop, upon receiving and decoding
the signal, conducts an electric current to release the vent stop
from a plumbing vent. In one embodiment, an intralumen audio signal
is communicated to the vent stop and an adhesive joint securing the
vent stop to the vent pipe is released upon passing an electric
current through the joint. In one embodiment, an electric motor or
solenoid releases the stop from the vent pipe. A spring or other
energy storage device ejects the stop from the vent pipe following
release.
Inventors: |
Gadtke, David W.; (Edina,
MN) ; Gaston, Johannes N; (Minnetonka, MN) ;
Van Ornum, Douglas J; (Minnetonka, MN) ; Boutelle,
Steven James; (Rogers, MN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SCHWEGMAN, LUNDBERG, WOESSNER & KLUTH, P.A.
P.O. BOX 2938
MINNEAPOLIS
MN
55402
US
|
Assignee: |
Matrix Devices, LLC
|
Family ID: |
32109893 |
Appl. No.: |
10/353351 |
Filed: |
January 29, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60422013 |
Oct 29, 2002 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
4/218 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E03C 1/12 20130101; E03C
1/1225 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
004/218 |
International
Class: |
E03D 009/04 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A system comprising: a plumbing vent stop; and a bonded joint
including an electrically releasable adhesive and wherein the vent
stop is released upon release of the adhesive.
2. The system of claim 1 further including an electric current
producing means coupled to the joint.
3. The system of claim 2 further including a wireless transducer
coupled to the current producing means and wherein a current is
passed through the joint upon receipt of a signal received by the
transducer.
4. The system of claim 1 further including a coupler adapted for
affixation to a plumbing vent and wherein the coupler and the vent
stop are held in alignment by the joint.
5. The system of claim I further including an energy storage device
coupled to the vent stop and adapted for urging displacement of the
vent stop upon release of the adhesive.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein the vent stop includes a plumbing
plug.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the vent stop includes a plumbing
cap.
8. A system comprising: a plumbing vent stop; a vent stop releasing
means coupled to the vent stop and adapted to selectively open a
plumbing vent; and signal receiver means adapted to actuate the
vent stop releasing means upon receipt of a predetermined
signal.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein the vent stop releasing means
includes an electrically releasable adhesive.
10. The system of claim 8 wherein the vent stop releasing means
includes a motor.
11. The system of claim 8 wherein the signal receiver means
includes a wireless receiver.
12. The system of claim 8 wherein the signal receiver means
includes an audio transducer.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein the audio transducer is
responsive to audio propagated within the plumbing vent.
14. A method comprising: coupling an audio transducer to a pipe;
driving the transducer with a modulated audio frequency signal; and
operating an actuator coupled to the pipe in response to receiving
the modulated audio frequency signal at the actuator.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein coupling the audio transducer to
the pipe includes affixing a transducer to a fitting.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein driving the transducer with the
modulated audio frequency signal includes propagating a signal with
a carrier frequency of approximately 3 kilo Hertz (kHz).
17. The method of claim 14 wherein driving the transducer with the
modulated audio frequency signal includes propagating a signal with
a modulation frequency of approximately 3 Hertz (Hz).
18. The method of claim 14 wherein driving the transducer with the
modulated audio frequency signal includes driving the transducer
with a fully modulated signal.
19. The method of claim 14 wherein operating the actuator includes
opening a vent.
20. The method of claim 14 further including generating an
electrical control signal after receiving the modulated audio
frequency signal.
21. An apparatus comprising: an annular sealing surface; an
actuator coupled to the annular sealing surface and adapted to
selectively disengage the annular sealing surface from a mating
surface; a wireless receiver coupled to the actuator; and a spring
coupled to the annular sealing surface and adapted to urge
disengagement of the annular sealing surface from the mating
surface; and wherein the wireless receiver is adapted to provide a
signal for controlling the actuator.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the mating surface further
includes a plumbing coupler adapted for affixation to a plumbing
vent.
23. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the actuator includes an
adhesive.
24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the adhesive includes an
electrically disbanding adhesive.
25. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the wireless receiver
includes an audio frequency signal receiver.
26. A device comprising: a plumbing stop; a coupling adapted to
mate with the plumbing stop; an adhesive joint having adhesive
disposed therein and wherein an airtight seal is formed between the
plumbing stop and the coupling when the adhesive is cured.
27. The device of claim 26 wherein the plumbing stop and coupling
are freely separable when the adhesive is weakened.
28. The device of claim 26 further including a first electrode and
a second electrode coupled to the adhesive joint and wherein the
adhesive is weakened when an electric current is conducted through
the adhesive joint.
29. The device of claim 26 further including a linkage coupled to
the plumbing stop and the coupling and wherein the adhesive joint
secures the linkage in a first position when the adhesive is cured
and in a second position when the adhesive is weakened.
Description
RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Serial Number 60/422,013, filed on Oct. 29, 2002,
entitled REMOTELY OPERABLE VENT CAP, which is herein incorporated
by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This invention relates generally to plumbing systems for
domestic, commercial and industrial waste systems and particularly,
but not by way of limitation, to systems and methods of remotely
opening a vent in a plumbing system.
BACKGROUND
[0003] At the time of installation, waste plumbing systems for
residential and commercial building structures are tested for
leaks. An uncorrected leak in a waste system can allow buildup of
dangerous fumes within the structure. Testing involves filling
drain traps with water and installing a cap on the plumbing vent.
Typically, the vent is located on the roof of the building. With
the system thus sealed, a regulated air pressure is applied to the
waste system and various methods are used to identify any leaks.
Following the testing procedure, the roof vent cap is removed.
[0004] To remove the vent cap, a worker typically ascends the
building with the aid of a ladder and physically removes the cap.
The cap may be a threaded or unthreaded fitting which provides an
air tight seal with the vent pipe.
[0005] Removing the vent cap is not without hazards or
inconvenience. For example, falls from atop the building roof have
injured many plumbers. In addition, the ladder can be a dangerous
tool near power lines. Furthermore, the plumber is forced to carry,
or at least have available, a suitable ladder.
[0006] What is needed is an improved system and method for removing
a vent cap.
SUMMARY
[0007] A remotely operable vent stop includes a wireless receiver
coupled to a release mechanism. The wireless receiver, in one
embodiment, includes an audio frequency transducer. The release
mechanism, in one embodiment, includes an electrically disbonding
adhesive joint between an upper and lower portion. A voltage
applied across the joint will weaken and disbond the joint. A
compressed spring applies a force between the two portions and
ejects the upper portion, or housing from the lower portion, or
coupler, when the adhesive is disbonded. The terms coupler and
coupling are used interchangeably herein.
[0008] In one embodiment, the housing includes a vent stop. When
the vent stop is secured to the coupling, and the coupling is
affixed to a plumbing vent, an airtight seal is formed on the
vent.
[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the system includes a remote
unit and a local unit. The remote unit is adapted for affixation to
a vent pipe and includes a separable upper portion held in
alignment with a plumbing system vent pipe by a bonded joint. The
local unit is adapted for temporary coupling with an accessible
pipe fitting, also coupled to the plumbing system, and for
generating a predetermined audio signal within a bore or lumen of
the plumbing system. The remote unit, upon receiving the
predetermined audio signal, applies a voltage across the bonded
joint and after a predetermined current has passed, an adhesive
positioned within the joint disbonds. A spring urges the upper
portion to separate from the vent pipe following disbonding of the
joint. The upper portion falls from the vent pipe, thus opening the
vent to the atmosphere. The upper portion may be recovered from the
roof or ground.
[0010] In one embodiment, the plumbing stop includes a plug having
external threads which engages internal threads of the vent pipe.
In one embodiment, the plumbing stop includes a cap having internal
threads which engages external threads of the vent pipe.
[0011] Other aspects of the invention will be apparent on reading
the following detailed description of the invention and viewing the
drawings that form a part thereof.
[0012] This summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some
of the embodiments of the present system, and is not intended in an
exclusive or exhaustive sense, and the scope of the present subject
matter is to be determined by the attached claims and their
equivalents.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially
similar components throughout the several views. Like numerals
having different letter suffixes represent different instances of
substantially similar components.
[0014] FIG. 1 illustrates a plumbing system for a residential
building with one embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0015] FIG. 2 includes a block diagram of one embodiment of the
present subject matter.
[0016] FIG. 3 includes a block diagram of a processor controlled
embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0017] FIG. 4 includes a cross sectional view of one embodiment of
the present subject matter.
[0018] FIG. 5 includes a cross sectional view of portions of one
embodiment of the present subject matter having multiple ejection
springs.
[0019] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate cross sectional views of one
embodiment having a sliding spring contact and a single ejection
spring.
[0020] FIG. 7 includes a flow chart of a method of manufacturing
one embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0021] FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate cross sectional views of one
embodiment of the present subject matter having a conical
spring.
[0022] FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D illustrate views of a splined
coupling embodiment.
[0023] FIG. 10 includes an exploded view of a motor controlled
embodiment.
[0024] FIG. 11 illustrates a sectional view of a gravity assisted
embodiment.
[0025] FIG. 12 illustrates a detail view of a portion of one
embodiment.
[0026] FIG. 13 includes a cross sectional view of one embodiment of
the present subject matter having an engagement spring held in
position by an electrically releasable adhesive joint.
[0027] FIG. 14 includes a piezoelectric transducer coupled to an
upper housing.
[0028] FIG. 15 includes an exploded view of a sounder and a
plumbing fitting.
[0029] FIG. 16 includes a flow chart of a method of using one
embodiment of the present subject matter.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In the following detailed description, reference is made to
the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is
shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the
invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in
sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice
the invention, and it is to be understood that the embodiments may
be combined, or that other embodiments may be utilized and that
structural, logical and electrical changes may be made without
departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The
following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a
limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined
by the appended claims and their equivalents. In the drawings, like
numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the
several views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes
represent different instances of substantially similar
components.
[0031] The present subject matter includes methods, apparatus and
systems as described herein.
[0032] FIG. 1 illustrates how one embodiment of the present subject
matter may be used with a drain, waste and vent (DWV) piping
system. The figure illustrates a cut-away view of a residential
house with main sewer stack 160 and secondary sewer stack 165.
Stack 160 and stack 165 pass through the roof of the house and each
terminates at their upper ends with vent 100. In the figures,
remote units 200 are affixed to each vent 100. Following testing of
the DWV plumbing system, the remote units are removed from the
vents.
[0033] A block diagram of remote unit 200B is illustrated in FIG.
2. Communication module 205 is coupled to a release mechanism 210.
In one embodiment, communication module 205 includes an audio
transducer adapted to receive a modulated audio signal propagated
within a lumen of the plumbing system. For example, when a
predetermined audio input signal is introduced at fitting 145, the
signal is propagated through stack 160 to vent 100 and received by
remote unit 200A. Upon receiving the audio signal, communication
module 205 provides a release signal to release mechanism 210. When
release mechanism 210 is activated, a stop of remote unit 200B is
ejected from the vent, thus preparing the DWV piping system for
service. The stop provides an air-tight seal with the DWV piping
system and activation of the release mechanism allows the stop to
be freely removable from the piping system. The stop includes a
device that occludes the bore of a pipe. In various embodiments,
the stop includes a plumbing cap, plug or valve.
[0034] FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of remote unit 200C with
processor 330. Supply 260 is coupled to processor 330,
communication module 205B and release mechanism 210B. In one
embodiment, processor 330 receives an electrical signal from
communication module 205B, processes the signal through one or more
logic gates and provides an electrical release signal to release
mechanism 210B provided the received signal meets predetermined
parameters. In one embodiment, processor 330 includes analog
circuitry for generating a release signal upon receiving a
predetermined input signal. In one embodiment, processor 330
includes digital circuitry for generating a release signal upon
receiving a predetermined input signal. In one embodiment,
processor 330 includes a microprocessor.
[0035] In one embodiment, the housing is affixed to the coupling,
or the vent pipe, by an electrically disbanding adhesive. The
adhesive is disposed in a thin layer between two electrically
conductive surfaces. A voltage applied between the two conductive
surfaces having sufficient electromotive force (EMF) and for a
predetermined duration, causes the adhesive bond to weaken and
eventually release. In one embodiment, the electrically releasable
adhesive includes an epoxy resin such as ElectroRelease E4.TM.,
(EIC Laboratories of Norwood, Mass.).
[0036] FIG. 4 illustrates a view of an embodiment of remote unit
200D. Housing 250A and coupling 320A are fabricated of polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) plastic. Housing 250A, in one embodiment, includes a
vent stop. Coupling 320A is adapted to fit within plumbing vent
pipe 100. Vent 100 is coupled to a DWV plumbing system and provides
venting to a fresh air supply. Coupling 320A includes electrodes
280A which are electrically coupled to a ground connection. In one
embodiment, the ground connection is provided by an interconnecting
wire buried within coupling 320A which connects electrode 280A with
spring 275A which is electrically connected to supply ground. In
one embodiment, the ground connection is provided by a leaf spring
contact between coupling 320A and housing 250A. Coupling 320A
receives a portion of housing 250A. Piezoelectric transducer 315A
is coupled to housing 250A and electrically coupled to processor
330. Processor 330 is coupled to ground and is powered by supply
260. Disbonder 335 is powered by supply 260 and provides a
disbonding current to adhesive 290 when processor 330 triggers
disbanding on control line 336. In one embodiment, disbonder 335
can be modeled as a switch and a voltage multiplier, where the
switch is operated by control line 336 and the output of disbonder
335 includes an increased supply voltage provided to adhesive 290.
In one embodiment, disbonder 335 includes an electrical switch, the
state of which is controlled by control line 336. Electrodes 280A
and electrodes 285A are bonded together with electrically
disbanding adhesive 290.
[0037] Springs 275A are depicted in a compressed mode and each
applies a force to urge separation of housing 250A and coupling
320A. Springs 275A are coil springs. Seal 265A is disposed between
a surface of housing 250A and coupling 320A and in the embodiment
shown, seal 265A includes a rubber o-ring. In one embodiment, seal
265A includes a gasket. In one embodiment, seal 265A mates with an
annular sealing surface. In one embodiment, seal 265A includes a
TEFLON.TM. product. TEFLON.TM. is a registered trademark of E. T.
du Pont de Nemours and Company of Wilmington, Del. The ground
connections of electrodes 280 are electrically bonded to the ground
connection of housing 250A. Seal 265A, springs 275A and electrodes
285A are affixed to housing 250A. After releasing, electrodes 280A
remain affixed to coupling 320A and coupling 320A remains affixed
to vent 100.
[0038] At the time of installation of remote unit 200D, springs
275A are compressed between housing 250A and coupling 320A;
electrodes 280A are bonded to electrodes 285; and seal 265A, and
housing 250A, provide an airtight seal on coupling 320A. Coupling
320A is coupled to vent 100 with an airtight joint.
[0039] To remotely separate housing 250A from coupling 320A, a
modulated audio signal, shown at 345, is propagated through the
lumen of vent 100. Modulated audio signal 345 is received by
transducer 315A and an electrical signal is supplied to processor
330. Processor 330, having received an electrical signal from
transducer 315A corresponding to audio modulated with a
predetermined signal, provides a control signal to disbonder 335.
When disbonder 335 is energized, a voltage is applied across
adhesive 290. Adhesive 290 is weakened upon exposure to an electric
current and when sufficiently weak, the bond fails and energy
stored in compressed springs 275A overcomes the joint and housing
250A is ejected from coupling 320A. Upon ejection, seal 265A no
longer provides an air tight seal for vent 100. Housing 250A, along
with seal 265A, springs 275A, electrodes 285A, supply 260,
disbonder 335, processor 330 and transducer 315A are ejected from
coupling 320A. When installed on vent 100 and separated as herein
described, coupling 320A remains attached to vent 100 and housing
250A is ejected and may fall on the roof of the building or tumble
to the ground.
[0040] FIG. 5 illustrates a cross sectional view of portions of an
embodiment of remote unit 200E where the electrically disbonding
adhesive is subjected to a shear load. Housing 250B and coupling
320B are fabricated of PVC plastic. Coupling 320B is adapted to fit
around an external surface of plumbing vent pipe 100. Coupling 320B
includes electrodes 280A which are electrically coupled to a ground
connection. In one embodiment, the ground connection is provided by
an interconnecting wire buried within coupling 320B which connects
electrode 280A with spring 275A and spring 275A is electrically
connected to a supply ground. In one embodiment, the ground
connection is provided by a leaf spring contact between coupling
320B and housing 250B.
[0041] Housing 250B receives a portion of coupling 320B.
Piezoelectric transducer 315A is coupled to housing 250B and
electrically coupled to processor 330. Processor 330, supply 260A,
supply 260B, switch 340 are disposed within a cavity of housing
250B. Electrodes 280A and electrodes 285A are bonded together with
electrically disbonding adhesive 290. Springs 275A are depicted in
a compressed mode and each applies a force to urge separation of
housing 250B and coupling 320B. Seal 265A is disposed between a
surface of housing 250B and coupling 320B and in the embodiment
shown, seal 265A includes a rubber o-ring. The ground connections
of electrodes 280A are electrically bonded to the ground connection
of housing 250B. Seal 265A, springs 275A and electrodes 285A are
affixed to housing 250B.
[0042] At the time of installation of remote unit 200E, springs
275A are compressed between housing 250B and coupling 320B;
electrodes 280A are bonded to electrodes 285A; and seal 265A, and
housing 250B, provide an airtight seal on coupling 320B. Coupling
320B is coupled to vent 100 with an airtight joint.
[0043] To remotely separate housing 250B from coupling 320B, a
modulated audio signal is propagated through the lumen of vent 325.
The modulated audio signal is received by transducer 315A and an
electrical signal is supplied to a processor. The processor, having
received an electrical signal from transducer 315A corresponding to
audio modulated with a predetermined signal, provides a control
signal to close a switch. When the switch is closed, a voltage is
applied across adhesive 290. Adhesive 290 is weakened upon exposure
to an electric current and when sufficiently weak, the bond fails
and energy stored in compressed springs 275A overcomes the joint
and housing 250B is ejected from coupling 320B. Upon ejection, seal
265A no longer provides an air tight seal for vent 325. Housing
250B, along with seal 265, springs 275A, electrodes 285A, as well
as the circuitry coupled to adhesive 290 and piezoelectric
transducer 315A are ejected from coupling 320B. When installed on
vent 100 and separated as herein described, coupling 320B remains
attached to vent 100 and housing 250B is ejected and may fall on
the roof of the building or tumble to the ground.
[0044] FIG. 6A illustrates a cross sectional view of an embodiment
of the present subject matter where the electrically disbonding
adhesive is subjected to a shear load. In the figure, remote unit
200G includes housing 250C and coupling 320C, both of which are
fabricated of PVC plastic. Housing 250C is adapted to slidably fit
within a bore of coupling 320C. Seal 265B is disposed at the
juncture of housing 250C and coupling 320C. Seal 265B has a
T-shaped cross section in that a center rib is disposed between
housing 250C and coupling 320C and a pair of flange legs are
disposed on an inner wall of each of housing 250C and coupling
320C. In one embodiment, seal 265B is fabricated of a rubber
material or a low durometer plastic.
[0045] Housing 250C includes battery compartment 255 and recess 270
for receiving spring 275B. Spring 275B is a coil spring which
encircles a portion of housing 250C. Housing 250C includes a recess
270 adapted to retain spring 275B. Housing 250C also provides a
mounting surface for electrode 285B. In the embodiment shown, four
such electrodes 285B are evenly distributed about the periphery of
housing 250C, however, numbers greater than or less than four are
also contemplated. Each electrode 285B includes conductive metal
tab fabricated of aluminum sheet stock. A first leg of each
electrode 285B is bonded to housing 250C with an adhesive. The
second leg of each electrode 285B is mounted to, and is
electrically coupled with, circuit board 305. In one embodiment,
circuit board 305 includes a printed circuit board. Electrical
circuitry and components are mounted on circuit board 305.
Piezoelectric transducer 315A and transducer mounting panel 310 are
affixed to circuit board 305. In one embodiment, circuit board 305
includes a processor.
[0046] Electrode 280B, in the embodiment illustrated, is of a
longer length than electrode 285B and includes an inwardly curved
portion at a lower end. Electrode 280B is bonded to a electrode
285B by a film of electrically disbonding adhesive 290. Electrode
280B is sufficiently flexible to allow the curved portion to
deflect over catch 295. Catch 295 is formed on an interior wall of
coupling 320C and is received in a matching hole of electrode 280B.
Sliding leaf interconnect 300A establishes an electrical connection
between an electrical conductor on circuit board 305 and electrode
280B. Piezoelectric transducer 315A is disposed beneath circuit
board 305, and in one embodiment, is mounted on stand-off 308.
[0047] FIG. 6B illustrates selected details of the embodiment of
FIG. 6A. In the figure, circuit board 305 is affixed to electrode
285B by machine screw and nut 395. Electrode 285B is in electrical
contact with a first conductor of circuit board 305. Electrode 280B
is bonded to electrode 285B by electrically disbonding adhesive
290. Electrode 280B is also electrically connected to circuit board
305 by interconnect 300A. Interconnect 300A includes a flexible
metal conductor. Interconnect 300A is connected to a second
conductor of circuit board 305 and is affixed by machine screw and
nut 405. A hole in electrode 280B engages catch 295 of coupling
320C. Spring 275B urges separation of housing 250C and coupling
320C. Catch 295 prevents separation of housing 250C and coupling
320C provided that adhesive bond 290 remains strong. When bond 290
is weakened (by application of a voltage to electrode 285B
and-electrode 280B), catch 295 retains electrode 280B and electrode
285B is carried away with the motion of housing 250C.
[0048] FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of method 350 for assembling
remote unit 200G. At 355, electrode 280B is bonded to electrode
285B using an electrically disbonding epoxy resin adhesive. In
assembling the embodiment of FIGS. 6A and 6B, four pairs of
electrodes are prepared. At 360, electrode 285B of the electrode
assembly is affixed to circuit board 305. As illustrated in FIG.
6B, electrode 285B is secured to circuit board 305 by a machine
screw and nut however, other fasteners are also contemplated,
including, for example, a rivet, a self-taping screw, adhesive or a
mechanical clip. At 365, piezoelectric transducer 315A is affixed
to circuit board 305. Transducer 315A, in one embodiment, is bonded
using an adhesive however, other fasteners are also contemplated,
including, for example, a clip or a mechanical fastener. At 370,
supply 260 is installed within a cavity of the housing. In the
embodiment illustrated, two batteries are used for the supply,
however numbers greater or less than two are also contemplated. At
375, circuit board 305 is affixed to housing 250C. In the
embodiment illustrated, circuit board 305 is fastened to housing
250C using a heat staked joint, however, other fasteners are also
contemplated, including, for example, an ultrasonic weld, a machine
or self-taping screw, a rivet, a clip or adhesive. At 380, spring
275B is positioned on a portion of coupling 320C. Spring 275B is
received at surface 326 and urges separation of housing 250C. At
385, seal 265B is positioned on a lip of coupling 320C. Coupling
320C, seal 265B and housing 250C are adapted to allow seal 265B to
remain affixed to housing 250C and readily release from coupling
320C when housing 250C is separated from coupling 320C. At 390, the
method continues with the assembly of housing 250C onto coupling
320C.
[0049] FIGS. 8A and 8B illustrate views of remote unit 200H
according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. In the
figure, housing 250D includes a cavity to receive four batteries
262 and circuit board 305. Circuit board 305 includes circuitry for
receiving an electric signal from piezoelectric transducer 315B and
generating a voltage to release electrically disbonding adhesive
290. Electrically disbonding adhesive 290 is disposed between
electrode 280C and 285C. Piezoelectric transducer 315B is affixed
to circuit board 305 by stand-offs 318. Piezoelectric transducer
315B includes a piezoelectric element encased in a ported resonant
chamber or housing. The port of the resonant chamber is positioned
to expose the element to audio propagated in coupling 320D.
[0050] In one embodiment, coupling 320D includes a length of PVC
pipe. In one embodiment, coupling 320D is approximately 18.5" in
length. Coupling 320D includes lower portion 321, slot 322, thin
wall section 323 and counterbore 324, as shown in the detail view
of FIG. 8B. Lower portion 321 is adapted for affixation to a
scheduled plumbing pipe section. Spring 275C is captivated at a
first end by tab 282 of electrode 280C and at a second end, by a
surface of piezoelectric transducer 315B. In one embodiment, spring
275 is of conical cross section. Electrode 280C is secured to
coupling 320D by engagement of tab 319 with slot 322 and adhesive
284. In one embodiment, adhesive 284 includes double-back tape.
Thin wall section 323, having a wall thickness less than that of
lower portion 321, provides clearance for insertion of electrode
280C. Counterbore 324 provides clearance for a leg of seal 265B. An
electric circuit to provide a voltage across adhesive 290 is
provided by electrode 285C coupled to circuitry on circuit board
305 and by the series combination of electrode 280C, spring 275C
and electrical interconnect 300B coupled to circuitry on circuit
board 305. In one embodiment, interconnect 300B includes a flexible
conductive wire soldered to spring 275C and soldered to circuit
board 305.
[0051] In FIGS. 8A and 8B, electrodes 280C and 285C are shown
extending upwards beyond the overall height of coupling 320D. In
one embodiment, electrode 285C is adapted to extend downward into
the bore of coupling 320D and electrode 280C is adapted to rise
above slot 322 to a height approximately flush with a top surface
of coupling 320D. In this manner, following separation of housing
250D, electrodes 280C remain substantially within the bore of
coupling 320D following separation.
[0052] According to one embodiment, assembly of remote unit 200H
includes inserting circuit board 305 and batteries 262 into housing
250D. Electrode 285C is captivated within housing 250D by an
adhesive joint or mechanical fastener within the cavity of housing
250D. In addition, electrodes 285C and electrodes 280C are bonded
together using electrically releasable adhesive 290. A small
diameter end of spring 275C is positioned against a surface of
piezoelectric transducer 315B and a large diameter end of spring
275C is captivated by tabs 282. Next, an adhesive is applied to an
exterior surface of electrode 280C and housing 250D is mated with
coupling 320D by inserting electrodes 280C into the bore of
coupling 320D and engaging tab 319 with slot 322.
[0053] According to one application, coupling 320D of remote unit
200H is assembled onto vent pipe 100 using a standard or scheduled
pipe coupling positioned below a roof line. Coupling 320D is thus
positioned to extend through the roof and allow unobstructed
installation of a roof vent flashing.
[0054] For one particular type of glue, the current flow required
to sufficiently weaken the joint is a function of the thickness of
the glue line. Consequently, a uniformly dimensioned glue line will
have predictable and repeatable release characteristics. In one
embodiment of the present subject matter, the distance between the
electrodes determines the dimensional thickness of the glue line.
In one embodiment, the electrodes are fabricated of sheet stock and
the spacing between the electrodes is determined by molded features
in the respective portions of the present subject matter. For
example, in one embodiment, a first electrode is held captive by
alignment features that engage the edges of the electrode. An
amount of glue is deposited on the first electrode surface and a
second electrode is brought into contact with the glue and held
apart from the first electrode by molded spacers. In one
embodiment, the first and second electrode are positioned with a
predetermined spacing and a glue is injected in the void between
the electrodes. In one embodiment, the spacing of the electrodes is
established by means of molded bosses or shoulders formed in the
electrode mounting area. In one embodiment, a shim or spacer is
inserted between the electrodes and compressed to achieve a desired
parallel spacing.
[0055] FIGS. 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D illustrate different views of an
embodiment for establishing a uniform glue line using a splined
assembly. FIG. 9A illustrates housing 250E and an electrode 285D
disposed atop each of three land areas. Three valleys 420 are shown
interspersed between the lands. FIG. 9B illustrates coupling 320E
and an electrode 280D disposed at the bottom of each of three
valleys. Three land areas 425 are shown interspersed between the
valleys. FIG. 9C includes a perspective view of coupling 320E
aligned for insertion into housing 250E. In FIG. 9C, electrodes
285D and electrodes 280D are visible. FIG. 9D illustrates a
sectional view through housing 250E and coupling 320E. Bond 290 is
disposed between electrode 280D and electrode 285D.
[0056] In one embodiment, the release mechanism of the remote unit
includes a motor. A motor, as used herein, includes any device that
physically displaces an armature in response to an electric
current. In one embodiment, displacement of an armature of a
solenoid triggers separation of the housing and the coupling. In
one embodiment, an electromagnet is operated to trigger separation
of the housing and coupling.
[0057] FIG. 10 illustrates an exploded view of remote unit 200J
according to one embodiment of the present subject matter. In the
figure, housing 250F is adapted to receive seal 265B, spring 275B,
supply 260 and release mechanism 410. Release mechanism 410
includes a motor driven gear train for displacing dogs 415 relative
to corresponding L-shaped slots 420 of coupling 320F. Release
mechanism 410 includes electronic circuitry and components for
receiving a wireless signal. Upon receiving the wireless signal,
dogs 415 are rotated about axis 90 in slots 420. When dogs 415 have
moved sufficiently far, spring 275B urges separation of housing
250F from coupling 320F, thus breaking the airtight seal provided
by seal 265B.
[0058] FIG. 11 illustrates a cross sectional view of remote unit
200K according to one embodiment. In the figure, housing 250G
includes a cavity for batteries and electronic circuitry, here
modeled as switch 455. Switch 455 includes circuitry for receiving
a predetermined release signal and applying a voltage to adhesive
joint 290 in response to receiving the signal. Housing 250G
includes an angled base which matches an angle on coupling 320G. In
the embodiment shown in the figure, electrode 485 encircles at
least a portion of a diameter of housing 250G and electrode 480
encircles at least a portion of a diameter of coupling 320G. In one
embodiment, two or more electrode segments are distributed about a
diameter of both housing 250G and coupling 320G. An electrical
connection is established between supply 260 and electrode 480 by
means of interconnect 465 and interconnect 475. Interconnect 465 is
affixed to housing 250G by anchor 460. Anchor 460 includes a heat
staked plate however, other means of fastening are also
contemplated, including for example, ultrasonic welding, rivet,
screw or adhesive. Interconnect 465, when assembled, establishes an
electrical connection with contact 470. Contact 470 is electrically
coupled to electrode 480 by interconnect 475.
[0059] FIG. 12 illustrates an exploded detail view of a portion of
housing 250H and coupling 320H. In the figure, housing 250H
includes conductive electrode 485. Electrode 485 is aligned with
adhesive 290 disposed in cavity 292. Cavity 292 is sized to receive
a film of electrically releasable adhesive and electrode 480
disposed at a bottom of cavity 292. Seal 265A is received by cavity
266 and cavity 264.
[0060] Electrically releasable adhesive 290 bonds housing 250H to
coupling 320H. Seal 265A provides an air-tight seal to allow
testing of the vent system. When switch 455 of FIG. 11 is closed,
electric current flows through interconnect 465, contact 470 and
interconnect 475 and provides a current through adhesive 290 by
electrode 480 and electrode 485. A voltage induced across adhesive
290 causes the adhesive to weaken. When sufficiently weak,
gravitational forces urges housing 250G to slide away from
alignment with coupling 320G and fall away from vent 100. In one
embodiment, a spring is positioned within remote unit 200K to urge
separation of housing 250G and coupling 320G. In the embodiments of
FIGS. 11 and 12, the adhesive joint is undergoing a tension force
when a positive air pressure is applied to the vent system.
[0061] In one embodiment, an electrically releasable adhesive is
disposed to directly hold the vent stop in a fixed position
relative to the coupling and a seal positioned between the vent
stop and coupling provides an airtight joint. In one embodiment,
the electrically releasable adhesive is disposed to hold two or
more structural elements in a fixed position relative to each other
and when the adhesive is disbonded, a release mechanism is operated
to allow the vent stop to be freely separated from the
coupling.
[0062] FIG. 13 illustrates an embodiment wherein an adhesively
bonded joint is used to hold spring-loaded clips in position, thus
securing the vent stop relative to the coupling. In the figure,
electrode 710 and electrode 715 are fabricated of conductive metal
strips and bonded together with electrically releasable adhesive
290 in the manner of a lap joint. Each end of extension spring 705
is coupled to a holding clip 720 by link 725. The bonded electrode
assembly of electrode 710 and electrode 715 is under a compression
load applied by stretched extension spring 705. Extension spring
705 urges holding clips 720 in a direction towards the interior of
coupling 320K. In one embodiment, extension spring 705 is
fabricated of non-conductive material. In one embodiment, extension
spring 705 is fabricated of a metal and includes an insulator
portion to prevent shorting out electrode 710 and electrode 715.
Holding clips 720 are affixed to housing 250K at an upper end and a
tab formed at the lower end of holding clips 720 engages slot 322
on the interior wall surface of coupling 320K. An airtight seal is
provided by seal 265A. Release springs 275C are affixed to housing
250K at a first end and contact a surface of coupling 320K at a
second end. Release springs 275C are under tensional forces which
urges separation of housing 250K and coupling 320K.
[0063] Electrical circuitry not shown in the figure is adapted to
provide an electrical current to electrode 715 and electrode 710
upon receipt of a release signal. The electrical current weakens
the adhesive bond causing electrode 715 and electrode 710 to slide
past each other under the compressive force from spring 705. The
contraction of spring 705 draws holding clips 720 from slot 322 and
the extension forces from release springs 275C urges separation of
housing 250K from coupling 320K.
[0064] Other embodiments are also contemplated wherein a weakened
disbonding adhesive provides a trigger for the separation of a
housing and coupling.
[0065] In one embodiment, the housing is separated from the
coupling upon receipt of a wireless signal. The wireless signal,
according to one embodiment, includes an audio frequency signal
propagated through the plumbing system. FIG. 14 illustrates
piezoelectric transducer 31 5A affixed to circuit board 305 by
riser 490. Riser 490 includes an annular mounting surface for
affixing piezoelectric transducer 315A to circuit board 305. Riser
490, in one embodiment, is fabricated of molded plastic.
Piezoelectric transducer 315A is positioned a distance of
approximately 1/4 wavelength away from circuit board 305 and an
electrical signal is conducted using wires 495.
[0066] FIG. 15 illustrates local unit 600 for generating audio for
triggering separation of the remote unit. In the figure, plug 605
includes external threads for engagement with internal threads of
plumbing fitting 145. Plumbing fitting 145, in one embodiment,
includes a clean out fitting and is installed in a convenient
location within the plumbing system, as shown in FIG. 1.
Piezoelectric transducer 610 is positioned within a cavity of plug
605 and displaced from the backwall of plug 605 by riser 615.
Piezoelectric transducer 610 is coupled to signal generator 620.
Signal generator 620 supplies an audio frequency signal which
produces an audio signal within the plumbing system. In one
embodiment, the generated audio signal has a carrier frequency of
approximately3 kilo Hertz (kHz) and a modulation frequency of
approximately 3 Hertz (Hz). In one embodiment, the generated audio
signal has a carrier frequency greater or less than approximately
3kHz and a modulation frequency of greater or less than 3Hz. In one
embodiment, plug 605 includes a portable power supply, such as, for
example, a battery. In one embodiment, plug 605 includes a user
operable switch for activating piezoelectric transducer 610.
[0067] In one embodiment, the audio signal is fully modulated at
100% and thus oscillates between a zero, or quiescent, level and a
peak signal level. In one embodiment, the audio signal is modulated
at a rate less than 100%.
[0068] In one embodiment, plug 605 includes a power cord for
coupling with a metered electric service. In one embodiment, the
signal produced by signal generator 620 can be tailored to operate
a particular remote unit selected from a plurality of remote units.
In one embodiment, plug 605 can be installed in any fitting 145
shown in FIG. 1 and an audio signal will cause release of all
remote units 200A. In one embodiment, plug 605 can be installed in
any fitting 145 shown in FIG. 1 and an audio signal will cause
release of a predetermined remote unit 200A.
[0069] In one embodiment, the local unit is coupled to an exterior
wall of a vent and an audio signal is propagated through the wall
of the vent and into the interior or lumen of the vent.
[0070] According to one embodiment, following testing of the DWV
system using the present subject matter, local unit 600 is removed
from fitting 145 and a standard plumbing plug is installed.
[0071] Other embodiments of local unit 600 are also contemplated.
For example, in one embodiment, a piezoelectric transducer is
affixed to an unthreaded fitting. In one embodiment, the transducer
is affixed to the plumbing system by a slip joint. In one
embodiment, the transducer is affixed to a fitting adapted for a
manual press-fit against a fixture or fitting of a plumbing system.
For example, in one embodiment, the transducer is manually held in
position at a plumbing fitting, a waste line p-trap or a toilet
bowl.
[0072] FIG. 16 illustrates a flow chart of method 625 for using the
present subject matter. At 630, the remote unit is armed for
separation. In one embodiment, this entails manually operating an
electrical switch on the remote unit to supply power to circuitry
for monitoring the signal from the piezoelectric transducer of the
remote unit. In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a manual
switch coupled to a lanyard and when the switch is actuated, an
indicator light is illuminated to indicate that the unit is armed.
At 635, the remote unit is installed on the plumbing vent. In one
embodiment, this includes providing a coupling to the vent at a
position below the roof line of the structure. With the remote unit
in position and armed for separation, the plumbing system can be
tested for leaks, as indicated at 640. Leak testing may involve
closing any rough-in openings and filling drains and p-traps with
water. Following satisfactory testing, at 645, the remote unit is
separated. In one embodiment, this entails removing a standard
plumbing plug from a clean out fitting and installing plug 600.
Plug 600, in one embodiment, includes a portable power supply, a
signal generator and a manually operable switch. When a suitable
audio signal is generated within the plumbing system, the housing
separates from the coupling of the remote unit. In the event that
multiple remote units are installed, each remote unit separates
independent of any other remote unit. At 650, the separated housing
is recovered. In one embodiment, the coupling and an electrode
remain on the vent. In one embodiment, the separated housing can be
fitted to a different coupling for another use. In one embodiment,
the housing includes a generally spherical cover that facilitates
recovery of the housing.
[0073] In one embodiment, the release mechanism is armed prior to
installing the remote unit on the plumbing vent. The remote unit
produces an audible beep tone when armed.
Alternative Embodiments
[0074] Variations of the above embodiments are also contemplated.
For example, in one embodiment, the remote unit includes an
infrared (IR) communication port and is adapted to receive an IR
signal. Upon receiving an IR signal modulated with a predetermined
signal, the remote unit provides a release signal to trigger the
separation of the housing from the coupling. In one embodiment, the
local unit includes a handheld transmitter which has an IR port.
The IR port of the local unit is aimed in the general direction of
the remote unit and a suitable signal is transmitted.
[0075] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes an optical port
adapted to receive an optically communicated signal from, for
example, a laser light source.
[0076] In one embodiment, the housing includes a signal generator
and upon receipt of a signal to separate the housing and coupling,
the remote unit generates and sounds an audible signal to
acknowledge receipt of the release signal. Other distinctive sounds
can be generated for other purposes. For example, upon arming, one
embodiment renders an audible signal to confirm the mode of
operation of the remote unit. In one embodiment, piezoelectric
transducer 315 produces audio in response to a signal received from
a signal generator coupled to housing 250.
[0077] In one embodiment, a wireless signal is communicated to the
remote unit to trigger separation of the housing from the coupling.
Other messages are also contemplated. In one embodiment, a wireless
signal is communicated to the remote unit to disarm the remote
unit. In one embodiment, current drawn from the remote unit power
supply in the disarmed mode is lower than that drawn when
armed.
[0078] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a wireless
transmitter. In one embodiment, the wireless transmitter of the
remote unit sends a signal in response to an inquiry signal
received by the remote unit. In one embodiment, the wireless
transmitter of the remote unit sends a signal according to a
predetermined schedule. The wireless signal from the remote unit,
according to one embodiment, includes the operational mode of the
remote unit. In one embodiment, the wireless signal includes data
corresponding to a condition or state of charge of the battery of
the remote unit. In one embodiment, a message from the remote unit
indicates that a release signal has been received but that an error
condition exists which precludes separation of the housing. In one
embodiment, the wireless message includes an error code.
[0079] In one embodiment, the local unit includes a visual display
panel. The display panel indicates data corresponding to a message
received from the remote unit.
[0080] In one embodiment, the wireless signal includes an audio
frequency signal. In one embodiment, the remote unit includes
microphone for receipt of an audio frequency signal. In one
embodiment, the remote unit includes an audio speaker. In one
embodiment, the microphone is sensitive to audio propagated
external to the lumen of the vent.
[0081] In one embodiment, the communication module includes a radio
frequency (RF) receiver. In one embodiment, the communication
module includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter.
[0082] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a portable power
supply and a manually operable switch coupled to the release
mechanism. Activation of the manually operable switch triggers
separation of the housing from the coupling. In one embodiment, the
manually operable switch includes a lanyard. The lanyard is routed
from the remote unit to a convenient location such as, for example,
a nearby window or the ground. Upon activating the switch by
pulling on the lanyard, the housing separates from the
coupling.
[0083] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a release
mechanism and a pair of wires having a first end connected to the
release mechanism. The second end of the pair of wires is routed
from the remote unit to a convenient location such as, for example,
a nearby window or the ground. To release the housing, a power
supply is coupled to the pair of wires.
[0084] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a portable power
supply. In one embodiment, the portable power supply includes one
or more batteries. In one embodiment, the portable power supply
includes a solar power panel.
[0085] In one embodiment, the release mechanism includes an
electric motor operated gear train. For example, in one embodiment,
the release mechanism includes one or more retaining pins that
engage a mating surface and when the retaining pins are retracted,
the housing is released from the coupling. In one embodiment, the
motor includes an electric solenoid.
[0086] In one embodiment, the disbonding adhesive includes a
thermally releasable adhesive. Application of heat causes the
thermally releasable adhesive to soften and release. In one
embodiment, an electrical heater is actuated upon receipt of a
signal from the communication module. In one embodiment, a chemical
heater is actuated upon receipt of a signal from the communication
module.
[0087] In one embodiment, the disbonding adhesive includes an
optically releasable adhesive. Exposure of the adhesive to a light
having a particular characteristic, (i.e., a particular wavelength)
causes the optically releasable adhesive to soften and release. In
one embodiment, a light emitting diode (LED) is coupled to the
housing and is illuminated upon receipt of a signal from the
communication module. In one embodiment, an LED coupled to the
housing indicates that the remote unit is armed.
[0088] In one embodiment, the disbanding adhesive is affixed to one
or more electrodes. In one embodiment, multiple adhesive joints are
distributed about a diameter of the remote unit. For example, in
one embodiment, two sets of electrodes (each with a film of
disbonding adhesive) are distributed about the remote unit. More or
less than two sets of electrodes are also contemplated. With
multiple sets of electrodes, one embodiment provides that the sets
of electrodes are uniformly distributed about a diameter of the
remote unit.
[0089] In one embodiment, a single spring is provided to urge
separation of the housing from the coupling. In one embodiment,
multiple springs, uniformly spaced, are provided to urge separation
of the housing from the coupling.
[0090] In one embodiment, the spacing between the piezoelectric
element of the remote unit and a circuit board is greater or less
than 1/4 wavelength.
[0091] In one embodiment, the housing, power supply, seal and
spring is ejected from the vent upon release. In one embodiment,
one or more electrodes are ejected with the housing.
[0092] In one embodiment, the remote unit includes a manually
operable electric switch. Actuation of the electric switch engages
the circuitry to monitor signals received from the communication
module. In one embodiment, the manually operable electric switch is
connected to a lanyard. In one embodiment, the manually operable
electric switch includes an insulative tab that separates a pair of
contacts. In one embodiment, a light is coupled to the arm switch
to indicate that the remote unit is in the armed mode.
[0093] In one embodiment, the release mechanism includes an
actuator to release the housing from the coupling. In one
embodiment, the actuator includes a disbonding adhesive. In one
embodiment, the actuator includes a motor. In one embodiment, the
actuator includes a solenoid.
[0094] In one embodiment, a wireless signal is communicated
acoustically within the plumbing system. In one embodiment, the
remote unit includes an actuator coupled to a wireless signal
receiver. The actuator is coupled to an operable mechanical device
or plumbing valve. Upon receiving the wireless signal, the
mechanical device or a plumbing valve is manipulated by the
actuator.
[0095] In one embodiment, the ejected housing is recovered and
discarded while the coupling remains on the vent. In one
embodiment, the ejected housing is serviced and remanufactured
using another coupling. In one embodiment, remanufacturing includes
replacing the batteries, replacing the seal and testing the
functionality of the communication module and release
mechanism.
[0096] In one embodiment, the release mechanism of the remote unit
includes an energy storage device to urge separation of the housing
from the coupling. In one embodiment, the energy storage device
includes a spring. In one embodiment, the energy storage device
includes a chemical compound that when catalyzed, a reaction occurs
thus releasing energy. In one embodiment, the energy storage device
includes a motor. In one embodiment, a positive atmospheric
pressure is applied to the vent to urge separation of the housing
and coupling.
[0097] In one embodiment, an electrode includes aluminum. In one
embodiment, an electrode includes copper. In one embodiment, an
electrode includes stainless steel. In one embodiment, an electrode
includes an electrically conductive material.
[0098] In one embodiment, the housing includes
acrylonitrile-butadiene-sty- rene (ABS) plastic. In one embodiment,
the housing includes PVC plastic. In one embodiment, the housing
includes a polymer material. In one embodiment, the coupling
includes ABS plastic. In one embodiment, the coupling includes PVC
plastic. In one embodiment, the coupling includes a polymer
material. In one embodiment, the coupling is adapted for bonding
with ABS or PVC plumbing pipe.
[0099] In one embodiment, the number of springs differs from that
of the number of sets of electrodes.
[0100] In one embodiment, an electrode is fastened to the housing
using a mechanical fastener. In one embodiment, an electrode is
fastened to the housing using a threaded fastener. In one
embodiment, an electrode is fastened to the housing using a clip.
In one embodiment, an electrode is fastened to the housing using a
heat staked joint. In one embodiment, an electrode is fastened to
the housing using an ultrasonically welded joint.
[0101] In one embodiment, the housing includes a substantially
spherical structure adapted to facilitate recovery of the housing
from a roof. In one embodiment, the spherical structure includes a
soft foam structure with a cavity adapted to receive a housing. In
one embodiment, the spherical structure is sized to reduce the
likelihood of entrapment in a gutter or downspout.
[0102] In one embodiment, the housing includes a first portable
supply coupled to supply a voltage to the processor or circuitry of
the present subject matter. In one embodiment, the housing includes
a second portable supply coupled to supply a voltage to the
disbonding adhesive of the present subject matter. In one
embodiment, the housing includes an inductor and circuitry
configured to supply a second voltage to the disbanding adhesive
wherein the second voltage is greater than the first portable
supply.
[0103] In one embodiment, the housing includes a capacitor and
circuitry configured to supply a second voltage to the disbanding
adhesive wherein the second voltage is greater than the first
portable supply.
[0104] In one embodiment, an electrode is bonded to a circuit board
by a screw. In one embodiment, an electrode is bonded to a circuit
board by a press fit connection.
[0105] In one embodiment, the processor includes one or more logic
gates and circuitry adapted to generate a release signal in
response to receiving a predetermined wireless signal. In one
embodiment, the processor includes a microprocessor.
[0106] In one embodiment, a disbanding adhesive provides both the
holding force to prevent decoupling of the stop and also provides
an air-tight seal for the plumbing system. In one embodiment, an
air-tight seal is provided by an o-ring or gasket and the
disbonding adhesive holds the stop to the coupling.
[0107] As used herein, the term pipe includes plumbing pipes or
tubes such as metal or plastic pipes use in DWV systems or supply
lines. The term pipe also refers to gas piping. The term pipe also
includes ductwork such as that made of sheet metal and typically
used for heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC)
applications.
Conclusion
[0108] The above description is intended to be illustrative, and
not restrictive. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those
of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
* * * * *