U.S. patent application number 10/437350 was filed with the patent office on 2004-04-22 for system & method for sending live video on the internet.
Invention is credited to Murphy, Greg.
Application Number | 20040078825 10/437350 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26815291 |
Filed Date | 2004-04-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040078825 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Murphy, Greg |
April 22, 2004 |
System & method for sending live video on the internet
Abstract
An Internet-based video feed management system controls,
manages, and efficiently administers the commercial distribution of
live video feeds from on-site video cameras as well as other
sources of video feeds to production companies at other locations.
The system employs a network of local video-propagation servers
located in different localities for receiving the video feeds from
the different source locations, and a master authorization server
for receiving and granting requests via Internet from requesting
parties for access to any of the video feeds transmitted to the
video-propagation servers. The master server issues an access code
to the requesting party and establishing a unique publishing point
for the requested video feed from the video-propagation server
handling the feed. The on-site video cameras can supply live video
feeds to the requesting parties, or the video feeds can be
transmitted to a video-propagation server for storage and later
re-transmission. The master server is provided with a master feed
list and a pricing table for computing billings to requesting
parties, and payments to sources of video feeds. The master feed
list is updated by feed listings input to the video-propagation
servers. For live video feeds captured by different types of video
cameras at the on-site locations, the system allows a requesting
party to access the video camera for remote control on the
Internet. An universal control panel GUI is provided for the
browser of the requesting party, and is used to issue command codes
corresponding to the respective video camera type. The system can
be used to automatically generate video Web pages hosted on the
master server and linked to the clients' Web sites. The master
server allows the client to select from different display
templates, and to upload their identification graphics for
incorporation into the display template with the desired video
feed, thereby obtaining a marked reduction in production costs for
creating video Web pages for e-commerce, live events programming,
etc.
Inventors: |
Murphy, Greg; (Kailua,
HI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
LEIGHTON K. CHONG
OSTRAGER CHONG & FLAHERTY (HAWAII)
841 BISHOP STREET, SUITE 1200
HONOLULU
HI
96813
US
|
Family ID: |
26815291 |
Appl. No.: |
10/437350 |
Filed: |
May 12, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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10437350 |
May 12, 2003 |
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09490628 |
Jan 24, 2000 |
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6564380 |
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60117439 |
Jan 26, 1999 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
725/109 ;
348/E5.042; 348/E7.081; 725/110; 725/112; 725/113; 725/115;
725/145; 725/88; 725/92 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04N 5/232061 20180801;
H04N 7/147 20130101; H04N 5/232933 20180801 |
Class at
Publication: |
725/109 ;
725/110; 725/112; 725/113; 725/088; 725/092; 725/115; 725/145 |
International
Class: |
H04N 007/173; H04N
007/16 |
Claims
1. A video feed management system comprising: (a) a plurality of
video feeds generated from respective video cameras located on-site
at a plurality of locations, said video feeds being transmitted via
Internet to a designated local propagation server; (b) a plurality
of local video-propagation servers located in respective different
localities for receiving via Internet the video feeds from the
respective video cameras located on-site at locations in respective
ones of the different localities; and (c) a master authorization
server connected to the Internet for receiving requests via
Internet from requesting parties for access to any of the video
feeds transmitted to any of the video-propagation servers and
granting a requesting party access to a requested video feed
through the video-propagation server receiving the requested video
feed.
2. A video feed management system according to claim 1, wherein
said master authorization server is configured with means to grant
access to a requested video feed by issuing an access code to the
requesting party and establishing a unique publishing point for the
requested video feed from the video-propagation server handling the
feed, which is accessed by the requesting party using said access
code.
3. A video feed management system according to claim 1, wherein
said on-site video cameras capture video feeds of live events and
transmit them to the video-propagation servers for access by
requesting parties as live video feeds.
4. A video feed management system according to claim 1, wherein
said video feed transmitted to a video-propagation server is stored
or cached in a video data storage provided with the
video-propagation server for re-transmission later upon
request.
5. A video feed management system according to claim 1, wherein a
video feed transmitted to one video-propagation server is multicast
to other video-propagation servers for distribution to requesting
parties nearest respective ones of said other video-propagation
servers.
6. A video feed management system according to claim 5, wherein
video feeds are multicast to other video-propagation servers based
upon a feed list of popular video feeds maintained by said master
authorization server.
7. A method of managing video feeds obtained from local sources on
the Internet comprising the steps of: (a) generating a plurality of
video feeds from respective video cameras located on-site at a
plurality of source locations, said video feeds being transmitted
via Internet to a designated local propagation server; (b)
transmitting video feeds generated from respective source locations
in a locality to a designated one of a plurality of local
video-propagation servers located in different localtities; and (c)
receiving requests at a master authorization server connected to
the Internet from requesting parties for access to any of the video
feeds transmitted to any of the video-propagation servers, and
granting a requesting party access to a requested video feed
through the video-propagation server receiving the requested video
feed.
8. A video feed management system comprising: (a) a plurality of
video feeds obtained from respective local sources of the video
feeds; (b) at least one video-propagation server for receiving a
plurality of video feeds from respective local sources and allowing
access via Internet to any video feed requested by a requesting
party in accordance with authorization granted therefor; (c) a
master authorization server connected to the Internet for receiving
requests via Internet from requesting parties for access to any of
the video feeds transmitted to the at least one video-propagation
server, and granting the requesting party access to the requested
video feed from the video-propagation server; and (d) said master
authorization server being provided with a computerized pricing
table for computing a billing rate for the requesting party for
access to the requested video feed, in order to generate a billing
statement to the requesting party for use of the video feed.
9. A video feed management system according to claim 8, wherein
said master authorization server is provided with a computerized
video feed list that is updated by the at least one
video-propagation server with video feed listings of the video
feeds transmitted to the at least one video-propagation server.
10. A video feed management system according to claim 8, wherein
said master authorization server includes a video feed list and
means for tracking any access requested for a video feed from the
video feed list and computing a payment rate for the source of the
requested video feed, in order to generate a payment statement to
the source for access to the video feed.
11. A video feed management system according to claim 8, wherein
said pricing table includes a pricing structure having different
pricing rates for different factors of video feeds handled by the
system, said different factors of video feeds including one or more
of the following group of factors: (a) feed quality at different
video feed data rates; (b) feed length computed at a pricing amount
per unit time; (c) use rights for different terms of access to the
video feeds; and (d) feed demand at different pricing amounts based
upon demand for access to the video feeds.
12. A video feed management system according to claim 10, wherein
said feed list includes a payment structure having different
payment rates for different types of video feeds handled by the
system, said different types of video feeds including one or more
of the following group: (a) live video feeds; (b) video feeds
stored at a video data storage of the at least one
video-propagation server; and (c) pre-recorded video feeds supplied
to the at least one video-propagation server on demand of a
requesting party.
13. A method of managing video feeds video feeds obtained from
local sources on the Internet comprising the steps of: (a)
generating a plurality of video feeds from respective local
sources; (b) transmitting the video feeds from respective local
sources to at least one video-propagation server and allowing
access via Internet to any video feed requested by a requesting
party in accordance with authorization granted therefor; (c)
receiving requests at a master authorization server connected to
the Internet from requesting parties for access to any of the video
feeds transmitted to the at least one video-propagation server, and
granting the requesting party access to the requested video feed
from the video-propagation server; and (d) providing at said master
authorization server a computerized pricing table for computing a
billing rate for the requesting party for access to the requested
video feed, in order to generate a billing statement to the
requesting party for use of the video feed.
14. A video feed remote control system comprising: (a) a plurality
of video feeds generated from respective video cameras located
on-site at a plurality of locations, said video cameras being of a
predetermined different video camera types; (b) a plurality of
video camera computers operable with respective ones of the video
cameras for controlling them to generate the respective video feeds
therefrom and transmit them to a designated local video-propagation
server, said video camera computers being connected to the Internet
and addressable by respective IP addresses; (c) at least one
video-propagation server connected to the Internet for receiving
via Internet video feeds from the respective video cameras located
at the on-site locations; (d) a master authorization server
connected to the Internet for receiving requests via Internet from
requesting parties for access to any of the video feeds transmitted
to the at least one video-propagation server and granting a
requesting party access to a requested video feed from the
video-propagation server receiving the requested video feed; and
(e) a universal control panel graphical user interface (GUI)
provided on a browser-enabled computer operated by the requesting
party for controlling any of the different video camera types used
to generate the video feeds, wherein upon granting a requesting
party access to a requested video feed, said master authorization
server provides to the requesting party an identification of the
video camera type and the IP address of the computer for the video
camera generating the requested video feed to enable the requesting
party to issue control signals for the corresponding video camera
type to the IP address of the computer for the video camera
generating the requested video feed.
15. A video feed remote control system according to claim 14,
wherein said universal control-panel GUI and a plurality of control
panel GUI files are provided with a browser-enabled computer of a
requesting party, and each control panel GUI file corresponds to a
respective one of the different video camera types, and enables a
display of the universal control panel GUI on the requesting
party's computer and issues a respective set of command codes for
inputs to the universal control panel GUI corresponding to the
respective video camera type.
16. A video feed remote control system according to claim 14,
wherein said universal control-panel GUI is provided as a
browser-based GUI file to a browser-enabled computer of a
requesting party, said at least one video-propagation server
provides a link from the computer of the requesting party to the
computers for the respective video cameras, and a command code
conversion module is maintained with the at least one
video-propagation server for converting universal command codes
issued from the universal control panel GUI on the requesting
party's computer into command codes corresponding to a respective
one of the different video camera types.
17. An automated video Web page generating system comprising: (a) a
plurality of video feeds obtained from respective sources; (b) at
least one video-propagation server connected to the Internet for
receiving the plurality of video feeds and transmitting a video
feed via Internet as requested by a requesting party on the
Internet; (c) a master authorization server connected to the
Internet for receiving a request via Internet from a requesting
party to use any one of the video feeds in a requested display
presentation format in conjunction with a video Web page to be
linked to a Web site maintained by the requesting party; and (d)
said master authorization server being provided with a video Web
page generation module for automatically generating a; video Web
page in the requested display presentation format using the
requested video feed, and linking the generated video Web page to
the client company's Web site.
18. An automated video Web page generating system according to
claim 17, wherein said master authorization server includes means
for allowing the requesting party to select a display template from
a plurality of stored display templates for different display
presentation formats, and to upload the requesting party's
identification graphics to the master server for incorporation into
a selected display template.
19. An automated video Web page generating system according to
claim 18, wherein said system is used to automatically generate
video Web page ads for a client company, said display templates
include a selection of ad display templates for use with the client
company's identification graphics and any requested video feed.
20. An automated video Web page generating system according to
claim 18, wherein said system is used to automatically generate
video Web pages for live events programming of a video production
company which are hosted by the master authorization server and
linked to the video production company's Web site.
Description
[0001] This U.S. patent application claims the priority of U.S.
Provisional Application 60/117,439 of the same title, filed by the
same inventor on Jan. 26, 1999.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to a system for sending live video on
the Internet and, more particularly, to a new system for
controlling, managing and distributing live video feeds generated
from multiple, remote-controlled video cameras installed on-site in
locations distributed throughout a region or the world.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Online user interest in digital video and broadband video
services is growing currently at an exponential rate. Whether for
video downloads, video conferencing, or news video services at
work, or broadband video services, video-on-demand, or interactive
TV services at home, online users are attracted by the huge
qualitative difference in viewing experience and visual
interactivity of online video services. Cable operator companies
are upgrading their cable distribution facilities to greatly
increase the available bandwidth to handle online video services
and provide two-way connectivity for interactivity functions for
their subscribers. Telephone operating companies are offering T1,
fractional T1, and digital subscriber lines (DSL) that have the
high bandwidth capacity to handle online video services. Satellite
distribution companies also can provide high bandwidth downloading
of online video services which can be combined with a telephone
line back channel for two-way connectivity. These high bandwidth
distribution systems also have the advantage of being "always on"
to the subscriber, thereby making their viewing experience as
accessible and familiar as turning on the television. At the same
time, Internet webcasting companies are making use of advanced
compression technologies to offer acceptable quality video on the
public Internet at common PC modem connectivity bit rates.
[0004] Cable operating companies currently reach about 70 million
of the 110 million households in the U.S., and expect to have high
bandwidth cable facilities upgraded to be available to over 80% of
their cable customers by end of Year 2000. Industry analysts
project that anywhere from 30% to 70% of all cable customers will
become subscribers to interactive TV and online broadband services
by 2004. Through their upgraded plant, the cable operating
companies will change over their analog TV signals to digital TV
signals (as mandated by the FCC by 2002), and have the bandwidth
capacity to offer in the range of 500 channels of digital TV, as
well as broadband Internet connectivity to their subscribers.
Similarly, the number of telephone line subscribers (primarily
businesses) to T1, fractional T1, and DSL lines is expected to grow
from the current 10 million to over 40 million subscribers by 2004.
As the number of online users having access to high bandwidth for
digital TV and online video services increases rapidly, thousands
of new digital TV and video production companies are expected to be
formed to create programming for the hundreds of available new
channels in the cable service areas and the millions of Internet
sites that can be enabled with online video services, and all of
them will need new video content.
[0005] The production of TV-quality content is currently very
expensive to produce. Typically, a TV or video production entails
high costs for staging and taping or filming in a studio. If the
production is interspersed with content gathered from the field,
camera crews must be dispatched on-site to gather these feeds. If
the location of the shoot in the field is in another city or
country, large travel and road crew operating costs are incurred.
The feeds recorded from the field must be taken back to the studios
for editing with the other taped or filmed footage. Large delays in
time and waste of personnel time are incurred by the current
field-to-studio sourcing of content. Only the large, nationally
syndicated TV broadcasting companies can afford to create
TV-quality content on a consistent on-going basis. The thousands of
new production companies operating on startup or small-company
budgets will have a difficult time, if not be precluded from,
producing TV-quality content by the current regime of high
production costs.
[0006] The viewing of live events over TV or on the Internet
provides an immediate, emotional impact to the public. As millions
of new sources of content are offered on digital TV channels and on
Internet sites, content that is live and local will be in high
demand to capture viewers' interest. Similarly, video ads and other
commercially sponsored content that covers local events and
captures familiar faces and places will have a far greater impact
on the viewing, purchasing public than generic content. However,
the problem of high costs to capture live events by sending camera
crews into the field will make it difficult for the new, smaller
production companies to obtain live video feeds and employ them for
TV or video production.
[0007] There have been some recent developments to use video
cameras installed at on-site locations to provide video coverage
from the field to an off-site location where the video feeds can be
viewed or edited. In the security camera industry, software remote
controllers are used to control on-site video cameras linked to a
control station by dedicated lines. Sensormatic Electronics Corp.,
of Boca Raton, Fla., is offering security video cameras that can be
controlled by software controllers over an Internet TCP/IP
connection. Eyecast.com, of Herndon, Va., is offering a service for
uploading security camera feeds via Internet connection to a Web
server to preserve the feeds from loss or tampering. Perception
Robotics, Inc., of Evanston, Ill., offers a system for viewing a
live video feed from the field via Internet and remotely
controlling the camera through a Web page menu of camera control
parameters.
[0008] Other recent developments include media management systems
that allow an Internet service provider to manage the use of
streaming media on the Internet. For example, Microsoft Corp., of
Redmond, Wash., offers the Windows Media Management System which
tracks the use of streaming media files accessed or distributed
from an ISP's Web site. Broadcast.com, of Dallas, Tex., offers the
service of hosting streaming media programs for client companies on
its Web site. MAX.i.c.Live, of Dallas, Tex., offers the 3600 System
that can access multiple live video feed sources simultaneously via
Internet for off-site video processing. A video asset management
system is offered by a joint venture of Excalibur, a U.K. company,
under the tradename Screening ROOM.TM., and INTERVU Network, Inc.,
of Mountain View, Calif., to provide video content owners and
creators with video logging, searching, re-purposing, distribution
and publishing capabilities. However, these recent developments do
not provide a comprehensive solution for managing the accessing,
transmission, distribution, and transacting of large numbers of
video feeds captured live from on-site video cameras and from other
video sources to large numbers of video producers, intermediaries,
and end users at dispersed locations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] A primary objective of the present invention is to provide
an Internet-based network system for controlling, managing, and
efficiently administering the commercial distribution of live video
feeds from large numbers of on-site video cameras to large numbers
of production companies at other locations. The system should also
have the capability to handle stored video feeds or pre-recorded
video feeds provided from other sources, in addition to the live
video feeds from on-site cameras. Another important objective is to
create a video feed management system having a facility for
authorizing and tracking accesses by different video producers to
any of a large number of video feeds from different sources based
upon a computerized feed list and pricing table, in order to
generate a billing statement for each video producer and a payment
statement to each video feed source. A specific object of the
invention is to facilitate the remote control of a wide range of
installed video camera types from any location via commonly used
Internet browsers. Another specific object is to enable the
automated production of commercial Web-based advertising, live
events programming, etc., incorporating live video feeds using the
described Internet-based video feed management system.
[0010] In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention,
a video feed management system (and related method) comprises: (a)
a plurality of video feeds generated from respective video cameras
located on-site at a plurality of locations, said video feeds being
transmitted via Internet to a designated local propagation server;
(b) a plurality of local video-propagation servers located in
respective different localities for receiving via Internet the
video feeds from the respective video cameras located on-site at
locations in respective ones of the different localities; and (c) a
master authorization server connected to the Internet for receiving
requests via Internet from requesting parties for access to any of
the video feeds transmitted to any of the video-propagation servers
and granting a requesting party access to a requested video feed
through the video-propagation server receiving the requested video
feed. In a preferred embodiment of the video feed management
system, the master authorization server grants access to a
requested video feed by issuing an access code to the requesting
party and establishing a unique publishing point for the requested
video feed from the video-propagation server handling the feed,
which can be accessed by the requesting party using said access
code. The on-site video cameras can capture video feeds of live
events and transmit them to the video-propagation servers for
access by requesting parties as live video feeds. Alternatively, a
live video feed transmitted to a video-propagation server can be
stored or cached in a video data storage provided with the
propagation server, from which it can be re-transmitted later upon
request.
[0011] In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, a video
feed management system (and related method) comprises: (a) a
plurality of video feeds obtained from respective local sources of
the video feeds; (b) at least one video-propagation server for
receiving the plurality of video feeds from the local sources and
allowing access via Internet to any requested video feed by a
requesting party in accordance with authorization granted therefor;
(c) a master authorization server connected to the Internet for
receiving requests via Internet from requesting parties for access
to any of the video feeds transmitted to the at least one
video-propagation server and granting the requesting party access
to the requested video feed from the video-propagation server; and
(d) said master authorization server being provided with a
computerized pricing table for computing a billing rate for the
requesting party for access to the requested video feed, in order
to generate a billing statement to the requesting party for use of
the video feed. The master authorization server is also provided
with a computerized video feed list that is updated by the at least
one video-propagation server with video feed listings of the video
feeds transmitted to the at least one video-propagation server. The
master authorization server tracks any access requested for a video
feed from the video feed list and computes a payment rate for the
source of the requested video feed, in order to generate a payment
statement to the source for access to the video feed.
[0012] In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a
video feed remote control system (and related method) comprises:
(a) a plurality of video feeds generated from respective video
cameras located on-site at a plurality of locations, said video
cameras being of a predetermined different video camera types; (b)
a plurality of video camera computers operable with respective ones
of the video cameras for controlling them to generate the
respective video feeds therefrom and transmit them to a designated
local video-propagation server, said video camera computers being
connected to the Internet and addressable by respective IP
addresses; (c) at least, one video-propagation server connected to
the Internet for receiving via Internet video feeds from the
respective video cameras located at the on-site locations; (d) a
master authorization server connected to the Internet for receiving
requests via Internet from requesting parties for access to any of
the video feeds transmitted to the at least one video-propagation
server and granting a requesting party access to a requested video
feed from the video-propagation server receiving the requested
video feed; and (e) a universal control panel graphical user
interface (GUI) provided on a browser-enabled computer operated by
the requesting party for controlling any of the different video
camera types used to generate the video feeds, wherein upon
granting a requesting party access to a requested video feed, said
master authorization server provides to the requesting party an
identification of the video camera type and the IP address of the
computer for the video camera generating the requested video feed
to enable the requesting party to issue control signals for the
corresponding video camera type to the IP address of the computer
for the video camera generating the requested video feed.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the universal control-panel GUI
is provided with a plurality of browser-based GUI files on a
browser-enabled computer of a requesting party. Each browser-based
GUI file corresponds to a respective one of the different video
camera types, and enables a display of the universal control panel
GUI on the requesting party's computer and issues a respective set
of command codes for inputs to the universal control panel GUI
corresponding to the respective video camera type. In an
alternative embodiment, the universal control-panel GUI is provided
as a browser-based GUI file on the browser-enabled computer of a
requesting party, and the at least one video-propagation server is
used to provide a link to the computers for the respective video
cameras. A conversion module is maintained with the
video-propagation server for converting universal command codes
issued from the universal control panel GUI on the requesting
party's computer into command codes corresponding to a respective
one of the different video camera types.
[0014] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an
automated video Web page generating system (and related method)
comprises: (a) a plurality of video feeds obtained from respective
sources; (b) at least one video-propagation server connected to the
Internet for receiving the plurality of video feeds and
transmitting a video feed requested by a requesting party on the
Internet; (c) a master authorization server connected to the
Internet for receiving a request via Internet from a requesting
party to use any one of the video feeds in a requested display
presentation format in conjunction with a video Web page to be
linked to a Web site maintained by the client company; and (d) said
master authorization server being provided with a video Web page
generation module for automatically generating a video Web page in
the requested display presentation format using the requested video
feed, and linking the generated video Web page to the requesting
party's Web site.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the master authorization server
allows the requesting party to select from a plurality of stored
display templates for different display presentation formats, and
to upload the requesting party's identification graphics to the
master server for incorporation into a selected display template.
Such a system can be used to automatically generate video Web page
ads for a client company by offering a selection of ad display
templates for use with their identification graphics and any
requested video feed. Similarly, licensed affiliates or video
production companies can request automatic generation of live
events programming (sports, news, weather, traffic, cultural
events) as video Web pages hosted by the Master site which are
linked to their Web sites.
[0016] The system is intended to accomplish a marked reduction in
production costs for creating video Web pages for e-commerce, live
events programming, etc., by automatically generating such video
Web pages and hosting them on the Master site for the video feed
management system. An automated billing and payment system is
provided with the Master server to generate billing statements to
client companies and payment statement to video feed sources. To
prevent de-linking of and unauthorized access to the video feed
used in the video Web page, the Web page can be converted to a
composite video image of the requested video feed and the
requesting party's identification graphics.
[0017] These and other objects, features, and advantages of the
present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with
the following figures:
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] FIG. 1 is a diagram of a video feed management system in
accordance with the present invention comprised of a network of
master server, local points-of-presence (PoPs), and video feed
sources.
[0019] FIG. 2 is a diagram of video camera and control computer
equipment for an on-site video camera installation.
[0020] FIG. 3 is a diagram of a video/propagation server at a
point-of-presence (PoP) node of the video feed management
system.
[0021] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the setting up of a
Publishing Point from a local PoP server nearest the video feed
source to a requester located near another local PoP server.
[0022] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Master Feed
List maintained at the Master Authorization server.
[0023] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a Pricing
Table for pricing access to a requested video feed by a requesting
party.
[0024] FIG. 7 is a simulation of a browser display of a video feed
with control panel GUI for remote control of an on-site video
camera supplying the video feed.
[0025] FIG. 8 is a logic diagram illustrating the process for
converting inputs to the control panel GUI into remote control
codes for a designated type of on-site video camera.
[0026] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of conversion of
input to the control panel GUI to control codes for a specific type
of on-site video camera.
[0027] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of taking a
direct feed of live video from the system's network and supplying
it to a cable company for digital TV programming or broadband
services.
[0028] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of taking a
direct feed of live video from the system's network and
automatically generating a live video-enabled ad.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0029] The following description describes a preferred embodiment
of a video feed management system and its advantageous features and
functions in accordance with the invention. However, it is to be
understood that the described embodiment is intended only to be
exemplary of one application of the invention, and does not exclude
any other adaptations and variations thereof.
[0030] The term "video feed" as used herein is defined as any
streaming video content, which can be accessed by a remote
connection. This streaming video content can be comprised of video
and/or video with audio, delivered either on demand by accessing a
stored digital file or live from a remote capture source, such as a
video camera. The source content may be encoded by a computer at
the site of the remote capture device(s) to create a streaming
video/audio file in a desired format, such as an Advanced Streaming
Format (ASF) file or a Real Video/Audio file or a streaming
QuickTime file. The streaming file is a continuously delivered
series of packets of digital data, receivable by a remote computer,
which if running the appropriate software using appropriate
plug-ins or codecs, can decode the stream as video content. The
appropriate software running on the receiving computer is dependent
on the type of streaming file. For example, ASF streaming files are
playable by a Windows Media Player, offered by Microsoft Corp.;
Real Video/Audio streaming files are playable by the Real Video
Player, offered by Real Corp.; QuickTime streaming files are
playable by the QuickTime Player, offered by Apple Computer Corp.
Stored digital video/audio files which are made available on-demand
(i.e., playable whenever the end user wishes to) can also be
considered video feeds. On-demand streaming video content is
delivered using the same file types as the live streaming video
content and playable using the same appropriate players.
[0031] Video feeds may be used to view captured live content or to
view or scan stored video content. High-resolution video content
that is to be used or purchased by the end user may also be made
available as downloadable digital files, such as the following
types: Digital Video (DV), QuickTime, Audio Video Interlaced (AVI),
Motion Picture Engineers Group (MPEG), Wave Audio (WAV), or MP3
(MPEG-3, audio only). On-demand streaming video/audio files can be
used to preview available content before a transaction is made.
Then the identical content, once selected, can be licensed or
purchased in one or more of the high-resolution file types listed
above and downloaded.
[0032] Referring to FIG. 1, a global video feed management system
has a Master Authentication Server 100 connected in communication
with a plurality of local, point-of-presence (PoP) servers 110,
represented here as being located in major cities of the world
deemed to have local content, news, culture, and/or live events
likely to be of high interest to network users throughout the
world. Each of the PoP servers is connected to a plurality of
sources 120 of video feeds (represented by point-and-line
tentacles) which provide the video feeds for transmission to video
production intermediaries and ultimately to end users connected to
the network (not shown in the figure). The system's network
connects all video feed sources, PoP nodes, intermediaries, and end
users by data transmission lines or connections that form a part of
a global digital data packet-switched network commonly referred to
as the "Internet". The term "Internet" is used herein in the
generic sense of a "network of networks", including the public
Internet, LANs, WANs, intranets, extranets, overnets, wireline,
wireless, satellite, optical, and all other types of data
transmission networks.
[0033] Each PoP server 110 is connected to one or more other PoP
servers by high bandwidth connections (represented by double
lines). The PoP servers are indicated as being located in
respective major cities of the world. However, they may be located,
clustered, and/or distributed in any manner that is quickest,
efficient and cost effective for the transmission of video feeds to
users throughout the world. The high bandwidth connections are
indicated as running between PoP servers in geographical proximity
or alignment with other PoP servers. However, they may be connected
in any manner that is quickest, efficient and cost effective for
the transmission of video feeds across the high bandwidth PoP nodes
of the network.
[0034] The Master Authorization Server 100 and local PoP servers
110 are resident as Web sites on the Internet accessible by IP
addressing. The Master Web site is the home site for the system's
network, and is the site to which users of the system log on to
find what video feeds are available and to request and contract for
access to a desired video feed. The local PoP Web sites are the
home sites for local network affiliates who are responsible for
contracting the supply of video feeds from local sources for the
system. The video feeds generated by the local sources are
transmitted to the local PoP server's IP address for handling in
the system. The sources 120 of the video feeds may also have unique
IP addresses. An IP address for a local source is needed in the
case where the source is to be addressed on the Internet by a
remote party seeking to control a video camera capturing a
requested video feed.
[0035] The sources of video feeds may be of any type, including
sources of live video, stored video, edited video, video-on-demand,
digital TV video programming, pay-per-view, telemedicine, distance
learning, video conferencing, etc. For purposes of the described
embodiment, live video feeds captured by video cameras at on-site
locations are described herein to illustrate the transmission and
management of video feeds by the system's network. However, it is
to be understood that the principles of the invention disclosed
herein apply as well to any other types of video feeds. Live video
feeds are chosen for illustration because it is believed that live
video is the most compelling form of content to users throughout
the world since it provides the immediacy and impact of viewing
unique people, places, cultures, and events live.
[0036] On-Site Video Cameras
[0037] Referring to FIG. 2, an example of an on-site video camera
and control for providing a live video feed to the system's network
is illustrated having one or more video cameras 214, 216, etc. for
capturing a live event at a given location. The video cameras are
coupled to a video switcher 218, which can be switched, manually or
by remote control, between the different feeds from the cameras or
to a multiplexed feed showing all feeds in separate windows.
Wireless microphones 212 are provided for sound capture, sending
their output signals to a wireless audio receiver 210. The video
output from the video switcher 218 and audio output from the
receiver 210 are sent to a VCR 220 for recording a backup tape of
the event and on to an array of encoders 222. Multiple encoders are
used to encode the video feed signal(s) into different data formats
and/or with different levels of data compression as required for
the video feed system. The digitally encoded outputs are sent to a
hub 224 which handles the multiple encoded outputs, then to a
router which operates as an interface to the Internet connection
linking the video feed source to a local PoP server.
[0038] The video cameras 214, 216, etc., can be positioned at
different sight angles for recording a single live event, or can
each be positioned to record a separate live event in proximity to
each other at the same location. In accordance with the business
model of the video feed management system to greatly reduce the
production costs of capturing video feeds of live events, the video
cameras may be installed in fixed locations around a stage or other
performance venue at a given source location. By controlling the
cameras remotely through the Internet (to be described in further
detail below), the need to send a live camera crew on-site at
particular hours and/or on particular days for live performances
can be avoided. Instead, live events can be performed on the stage
at any time or day and captured automatically by the installed
cameras under remote control. Alternatively, some of the cameras
may be installed at fixed locations, and one or more other cameras
can be operated by a camera crew for roving interviews or for
zooming in on persons or events occurring outside of the sight
angles of the fixed cameras. Used in this manner, the on-site video
switcher 218 can be viewed as a video feed portal to the network
into which any source of video feeds can be plugged, thereby
providing the producer of the video production with the flexibility
to obtain feeds from movable or fixed cameras, under remote control
or human operation, or even from a stored, recorded, or uploaded
video feed source.
[0039] A useful type of video camera that may be used in a fixed
installation on location may be such as those used in the security
camera industry, e.g., the Speed Dome Ultra.TM. sold by Sensormatic
Electronics Corp. This type of camera can rotate 360 degrees and
follow and zoom in on a moving object in the scene. The camera eye
captures the field with a charge-coupled-device (CCD) photoarray
capable of providing a high-resolution output at 30 frames/second
for full motion video. Typical camera controls include pan, tilt,
zoom, iris adjustment, and focus. The video camera can be
programmed to shoot particular views in particular patterns. A
particular script or program for a sequence or salvo of views and
patterns can be set up with the controller computer 228 to operate
the camera automatically to follow the script.
[0040] The output of the video camera may be in the common NTSC or
PAL video format or in the broadcast quality Digital Video (DV)
format. DV is a video format that uses a minimal compression scheme
(referred to as 4:1:1), and thus has a high data rate of 25 to 50
Mbps. It would be used as a source capture format for purposes of
optimizing image quality for encoded feeds, or for archiving
material at broadcast resolution (archived in DV format). Since the
commonly used T1 line or cable modem line for user-level Internet
connections can only carry about 1.5 Mbps, the on-site video camera
equipment illustrated in FIG. 2 would have to be modified to
include a digital storage device for storing the source video feed
in DV format. A director of a production company at a remote
location can watch the live feed and control the camera by viewing
the feed encoded and sent at 300 Kbps (or lower) quality, then
later request transfer of the saved high-quality DV files for
selected scenes.
[0041] The video switcher may be an RV2216 Switcher sold by
Sensormatic Electronics Corp., which can handle multiple cameras
(4). The video switcher 218 can be controlled remotely by control
signals issued from the controller computer 228 to switch views
between any of the cameras or to output a multiplexed view of all
cameras, and the output is sent to the VCR 220. The VCR 220 is not
a necessary part of the system for purposes of the invention, but
is normally required by a producer of a live event and/or owner of
the video feed to protect against possible loss of the video feed
in transmission. The VCR 220 is coupled with a splitter to split
the video feed into multiple feeds to the array of encoders 222. If
the video camera output is in DV format, a digital storage medium
is used in place of the analog-recording VCR 220.
[0042] The encoder array includes a number of encoders for encoding
the video feed signal into the chosen digital video and file
formats, compression methods, and data transmission speeds being
supported by the video feed management system. The digital video
format may be older multimedia formats such as AVI or WAV, or more
recent standards for rich media interchange such as Advanced
Authoring Format (AAF) or DV. The video compression method may be
an older method, such as MPEG-1 or MPEG-2, or the more advanced
MPEG-4 that can achieve data compression ratios of 100:1. The
compression methods can also differ depending upon which multimedia
file formats are being supported, e.g., QuickTime .TM. format of
Apple Computer Corp., Cupertino, Calif., RealVideo.TM. G2 of Real
Networks Inc., Seattle, Wash., Windows Media.TM. Player of
Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Wash., and others. Encoding in multiple
multimedia formats provides the flexibility to reach wider
audiences through cross-format compliance.
[0043] The encoder array also provides encoding for different data
rates at which audiences are connected to the Internet. For
example, encoders may be provided for encoding at 28K, 56K, 128K,
and 300K byte data transmission speeds. The 28K data rate is for an
older class of modem-connected terminals and computers widely used
on the Internet, whereas 56K data rate is for the current class of
end user terminals. The 128K data rate is for terminals with a
mid-range level of broadband connectivity and 300K is for a high
level of broadband connectivity to the Internet, such as available
with T1 lines, cable modems, and DSL lines. Hardware encoders are
more costly but perform the encoding function faster than software
encoders. An example of a hardware encoder for the MPEG-4
compression method is available from Xing Corp., a subsidiary of
Real Networks. An example of a hardware encoder for the multiplexed
view from multiple video cameras is available under the name
NetStream2 from Sigma Designs, of Milpitas, Calif.
[0044] The encoder outputs are coupled through hub 224, and
transmitted as packetized data through router 226. As examples, the
hub can be a Workgroup 8-port 10/100 Hub sold by 3Com Corp., of San
Francisco, Calif., and the router can be a Model 1600 sold by
Cisco, Inc., of Mountain View, Calif. A firewall may be set up on a
firewall computer (not shown) between the router and the hub for
security against hacker attacks or viruses transmitted from the
external network.
[0045] The camera controller computer 228 is used for control of
one or more of the video cameras. For advanced security video
cameras, the controller computer is typically provided as an
on-board computer in a console for the camera equipment. The
controller computer can be programmed to control the video camera
in a script of view sequences or salvos. The video camera can be
operated under remote control by control data sent through the
Internet to the camera's controller computer. Preferably, the
controller computer is registered with an IP address so that an
external party can directly address it. Remote control data are
received through the router 226 and hub 224 to the controller
computer 228, which converts the data (e.g., from standard
Manchester text code form) into digital control signals recognized
by the corresponding types of video cameras 214, 216, etc., and
video switcher 218. Although similar in many of their functions,
video cameras and video switchers commonly employ control code sets
that may differ according to camera model, type, or brand. The
digital control signals are converted to analog form (voltage
levels) by an A/D converter 230 which outputs them to the
respective camera or video switcher units.
[0046] Camera controller computers widely used in the security
industry have been software-based and have been primarily employed
for manual operator input on-site at the camera location. As
interest has increased in remote control of cameras via Internet,
there are currently under development so-called Custom Interface
Modules (CIMs) configured as a hardware interface between an
Internet connection and the control signal outputs to the video
cameras. The CIM has a hardwired layout to convert the control data
coming from the Internet in standard text form (Manchester code) to
analog control signals for directly controlling the camera. The CIM
can perform this conversion almost instantaneously, and greatly
reduce the latency time for remote control via Internet. An example
of a company that is developing hardware CIMs for Internet-based
remote camera control is Oasis Corp., of Branson, Mo.
[0047] Video/Propagation (PoP) Server
[0048] The preferred video feed management system of the invention
obtains all of the video feeds generated or sent from the local
sources and sends them through a local network node, referred to as
a point-of-presence (PoP). Each local PoP tracks the availability
of video feeds from local sources and sends updated video feed
information to the Master Authorization Server 100 for
consolidation into an updated Feed List. The local PoP operates
with the Master server to coordinate access to and transmission of
a requested video feed to a requesting party authorized by the
Master server. To authorize access to a requested video feed, the
Master server issues a unique access code to the requesting party
and an access confirmation message to the local PoP handling the
requested video feed.
[0049] Referring to FIG. 3, an example of a local PoP is shown
having a video server 310 coupled to a propagation server 320 and
connected to the Internet via a firewall computer 330 and router
340. The video server 310 typically receives the video feeds from
the local video feed sources through a high-bandwidth Internet
connection (T1, DSL, or cable broadband line) to the local PoP. The
video feeds are encoded in different formats and data rates
depending upon the targeted users of the system. The propagation
server 320 manages the video feeds handled by the local PoP, and
controls the video server 310 to transmit the video feeds to
requesting parties in the requested format and data rate. For
example, a highQ data rate (300Kbps) may be requested by a producer
for use for TV broadcasts or full-screen broadband webcasts, a
mediumQ data rate (128Kbps) for commercial uses such as
video-enabled advertisements and Web pages, and a lowQ data rate
for 56K or 28K webcasts. The video server 310 is coupled to video
data storage 350 for storing video feeds intended to be archived at
the local PoP, for use as stored video feeds.
[0050] The local PoP is maintained by a local network affiliate who
has responsibility to contract with local sources for video feeds
to be supplied to the system, and for ensuring that the video feeds
are transmitted into the system's network as contracted. For
example, the local network affiliate may contract with a local
music club to send a live video feed of a music performance at a
certain date and time. The affiliate enters the video feed supply
information into a Local Feed List database maintained by the
propagation server 320, as well as any changes or cancellations.
The propagation server runs a feed list tracking program that
determines the new or changed entries added to the local PoP, and
periodically sends the updated information to the Master server.
The Master server consolidates all of the new or changed entries
into its updated Master Feed List. Any party, such as a director of
a production company, can log on to the Master server's Web site
and view, search, or query the Master Feed List for desired video
feeds. When a party has requested and contracted payment for access
to a video feed, the Master server sends an access confirmation
message to the local PoP identifying the requested feed and access
method.
[0051] When the Master server sends an access confirmation message
to the local PoP, the propagation server 320 decodes the request to
identify the requested video feed, data rate, and access method
(referred to as a "Publishing Point") by which access is to be
given to the requesting party, and communicates the information to
the video server. The video server 310 then links the requested
video feed to the designated Publishing Point. The requesting party
is also sent an access code by the Master server, which includes
the address of the designated Publishing Point. The requesting
party uses the access code and Publishing Point address to gain
access to the video feed linked to the Publishing Point.
[0052] A Publishing Point is a temporary IP address set up at the
site of the local PoP which is addressed by the authorized party
via Internet in order to gain access to the video feed (or other
media) linked to that address. A Publishing Point can be designated
to remain active at a given time, date, or period, and to be
accessible to a restricted number or identity of user(s). For
example, a requesting party can designate one or more persons
authorized to access a video feed at a particular time, such as a
director at a terminal for viewing the video feed and a studio
technician at another terminal for capturing the video feed for
later editing or re-transmission. As another example, a requesting
party can designate a list of subscribers who have paid to view a
particular video feed of a live event. Reference is hereby made to
the Reference Manual of the Windows Media.TM. Publisher from
Microsoft Corp., of Redmond, Wash., for a more detailed explanation
of the use of Publishing Points.
[0053] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of setting up a Publishing
Point 400 from a local PoP server 110 nearest the video feed source
120 for access by a requesting party 420 located near another local
PoP server 410. The video server 310 links the Publishing Point 400
to the requested video feed source 120. The requesting party 420
addresses the IP address of the Publishing Point 400 and the video
feed is routed through the PoP server 410 nearest the requesting
party. The video feed is transmitted from the PoP server 110 to the
PoP server 410 via the high bandwidth connection (indicated by
double lines) in the network used by the video feed management
system. If the requesting party has requested access to a live
video feed being captured by a video camera that can be controlled
remotely, the requesting party can send camera control commands to
the Publishing Point which are then routed by the propagation
server to the IP address of the controller computer for the camera.
By using a high bandwidth direct connection between PoPs located
nearest the source and the user, and hardware camera controllers
and encoders at the source, the video feed and camera control
commands can be exchanged with as small a latency delay as
possible, in order to give the director remotely controlling the
camera a feeling of almost direct response from the camera.
[0054] Master Authorization Server
[0055] The video feed management system of the invention tracks all
of the video feeds from local sources handled by the local PoP
servers and makes them available to authorized intermediary users
and end users on the Internet. According to a preferred business
model, access to the video feeds is managed by the Master
Authorization Server by maintaining a Master Feed List of video
feeds available at the local PoP servers, which is coupled to a
Pricing Table for computing the price for access to be paid by
content production intermediaries, and the payment to be made to
the video feed sources.
[0056] Referring to FIG. 5, an example of a Master Feed List
maintained at the Master Authorization Server is shown. The Master
Feed List is continuously updated with feed availability
information sent by the local PoP servers. Any party that comes to
the Master server site can view it. The Master server can provide
user functions such as search and query to assist with finding
desired video feeds, or allow the user to profile the types of
feeds it may want to access and send automatic notification when
such feeds become available. The Master Feed List can include the
following categories of video feeds:
[0057] (a) Live Video Feeds: These are feeds being captured of a
live event at a local source, and are made available to a
requesting party at scheduled dates and times for the events. They
can include, for example, live performances, telemedicine
conferencing, in-classroom distance learning, videoconferencing, or
live customer service or sales support. The listing of live video
feeds obtained through remotely controllable cameras can be offered
to the requesting party with the option of remote control of the
capture of a live video feed.
[0058] (b) Stored Video Feeds: These are feeds that have been
stored at a local PoP server, and can be made available as
requested by a party. Typically, the feeds would be stored footage
of previous live events that are archived at the PoP for a limited
period of time for post-event access. They may also be video
recorded or edited by a source and uploaded to the local PoP for
temporary storage until accessed by a requesting party.
[0059] (c) Video-on-Demand: These are feeds archived by a local
source that the local source supplies to a local PoP on demand by a
requesting party. The local source can contract to list its titles
and supply video on demand through a local PoP into the system's
network. The video supplied on demand may be transmitted as
streaming media, which is intended to be used in streaming format
by the requesting party, or as a licensed media file which can be
downloaded by the requesting party for later editing or
re-transmission.
[0060] Referring to FIG. 6, an example is shown of a Pricing Table
used by the Master server for pricing access to video feeds to
requesting parties. The Pricing Table can include the following
factors for the pricing of access to video feeds:
[0061] (a) Feed Quality: Pricing may be tiered according to the
media quality level, for example, high quality feeds at 300 Kbps
data rate, medium quality feeds at 128 Kbps, or low quality feeds
at 56 or 28 Kbps.
[0062] (b) Feed Length: Pricing may be computed at a rate based
upon the length of the feed, e.g., $x.xx/second of the feed.
[0063] (c) Use Rights: The requesting party can pay tiered rates
based upon the type of use to be made of the feed, e.g., one-time
access to the feed in streaming format, multiple accesses to the
feed in streaming format for a specified number of times or time
period, exclusive access to the feed during a specified time
period, non-exclusive access, or unlimited use of the feed by
downloading the media file with rights to edit or create derivative
works.
[0064] (d) Feed Demand: Pricing can be tiered based upon whether a
feed is Live Video, Stored Video, Video-on-Demand, Popular Titles
(e.g., Top 100), or Classics.
[0065] (e) Remote Control: A premium pricing can be used for the
option of remote control of the video camera(s) being used to
capture a live feed. A rate schedule can be used which imports
component pricing from the source/owner of the on-site video
cameras, including number of cameras, types of cameras, multiplex
view, switching functions, and length of performance.
[0066] The Master Authorization Server employs a media management
program for tracking the supply of available video feeds, accesses
to the feeds by requesting parties, billings to requesting parties,
and payments to video feed sources, as well as other system
operational functions, such as transmission load management and
usage. The media management program employs the database maintained
for the Master Feed List to track the video feed titles supplied by
sources to the system and the selections contracted by requesting
parties, in order to generate Payment Statements to the sources.
Similarly, the media management program employs the Pricing Table
and the selections contracted by requesting parties to generate
Billing Statements to the requesting parties. Such media management
programs have recently come into use by ISPs such as Broadcast.com
or Intervu.com which manage the distribution of multimedia and
streaming media works for Internet broadband applications. An
example of a media management program is the Windows Media.TM.
Rights Management System from Microsoft Corp., of Redmond, Wash.,
reference to which is hereby made for a more detailed explanation
of the functions of the media management program.
[0067] Multicasting to PoP Servers; Video-on-Demand
[0068] Providers of interactive television and video services on
the Internet have attempted to deliver digital video services to a
mass audience of subscribers. For example, the goal of
media-on-demand services is to permit a viewer to select a movie,
video, or audio program from a list of available titles for viewing
on TV and to control the viewing of that program in a manner
analogous to a VCR, with pause, rewind, fast forward and other
viewing effects. Such media-on-demand services generally require a
network system in which multimedia programs are stored as digital
data on storage media for a media server and sent via network links
to individual viewers upon request.
[0069] In a commercial media-on-demand system, such as currently
offered video-on-demand services, there may be thousands of users
in a given service area requesting access to the system at the same
time, particularly in the time slot after dinner known as "Prime
Time". Many of them may request access to the same titles which are
current hits or new releases at the same time or within a short
time of each other. To fill each request, the program must be
delivered to the viewer as an uninterrupted stream of data. If
VCR-like viewing functions are provided, the viewer may want to
pause or accelerate the receipt of data.
[0070] A major bottleneck is the available bandwidth in accessing
and transmitting large video data files or streaming video to meet
multiple requests at the same time. For example, to support
thousands of viewers during peak usage, conventional
video-on-demand systems must employ multiply redundant, high-speed
video data processors and large arrays of disk storage media, which
is very costly. The present video feed management system can be
configured to handle multiple requests from clients by multicasting
a video feed from a source PoP server to the other PoP servers for
temporary storage there to meet requests from clients near the
respective PoP server locations. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 4, upon
receiving requests from multiple clients for the same video feed,
the Master server can grant access to multiple requesting parties
in different regions of the world through multicasting to local PoP
servers and establishing Publishing Points for transmission to
requesting parties in those regions. This would not only allow
multiple requests for the same video feed to be handled at the same
time, but it would ensure that the download or streaming
transmission to multiple clients was handle through the quickest
and shortest transmission paths.
[0071] In order to determine which video feeds are to be multicast
to all PoP servers, the Master Feed List can be structured to
maintain a list of video feeds deemed likely to be very popular,
such as the "Top 100 Videos of the Day". The Pricing Table can also
reflect appropriate adjustment of pricing for the popular video
feeds and the multicast measures taken to ensure that they are
readily available to the public at large. Maximum utilization of
the available storage at the PoP servers can also be accomplished
by planning local PoP data retention based upon a statistical model
developed through viewer patterns. For example, it is expected that
high demand would occur this for a live event on a Friday or
Saturday night during Prime Time (7:00 pm-11:00 pm). To better
manage the availability of PoP storage and hence provide better
service to a greater number of customers, the system of the
invention can track video feed usage across time and generates a
statistical table which represents a "Top 100" type of list. This
chart can be built on a dynamic basis during a day or peak period
of a day.
[0072] Remote Control via Internet of Video Cameras
[0073] The system of the invention provides the capability for a
requesting party, such as a director of a video production, to
exercise remote control over one or more on-site video cameras
connected to the system's network. This allows the production
company to enhance the content quality of the video feed by
controlling camera functions that are normally performed by an
on-site camera crew, such as switching camera angles, panning,
tilting, zooming, or following a person or thing in a scene. Remote
control can be made available to the requesting party as an option
with a request for access to a video feed being captured live. As
described above with reference to FIGS. 2 and 4, a requesting party
connected to the Internet at one network location can send camera
control data via Internet to the Publishing Point for access to the
source of the live feed. The camera control data received at the
source IP address are processed by the controller computer 228 at
the source location to control the camera(s). A novel browser-based
subsystem of the invention to allow a requesting party (e.g., a
director of a video production) to exercise remote control of an
on-site camera will now be described.
[0074] Referring to FIG. 7, a simulation is shown of a
browser-based display of a live video feed and control panel GUI to
allow a director to send control commands via Internet to operate
the camera generating the live video feed. The controls on the
virtual control panel GUI resemble those commonly provided in
actual control panels for commonly used video cameras. For example,
controls for Up, Down, Left, Right, Stop, Start, Pan, Tilt, Zoom,
Iris Adjustment, and Focus Adjustment are provided. The browser
display is launched from a front-end video feed control program run
on the director's computer at the remote network location. The
front-end program may also be used to launch a simultaneous display
in separate windows of the video feeds from the other camera views,
and/or a multiplex view (if available) of all of the cameras views
at that site. With the multiplex view, the director can highlight
any of the views in which adjustment of the camera is desired, then
use the control panel GUI to adjust the highlighted camera. When
the highlighted camera has been adjusted as desired, the director
can then enter a Switch command to switch the live video feed in
the first display window to the other camera. In this manner, the
director can continually adjust all of the cameras and keep
switching the camera views to keep the content of the production
interesting to the audience.
[0075] The latency time between viewing a live video feed at the
director's location and adjusting or switching the camera view of
the live feed can be kept to as small a time lag as possible by
using fast performing components in the system. For example, it is
estimated that the latency time for remote control of a video
camera across the United States can be kept under 1 second if the
director has high-speed access to the nearest local PoP server, the
system's network of PoP servers employ dedicated high-speed,
high-bandwidth connections to each other that avoid the public
Internet, a high-speed connection is used to connect the local PoP
server to the controller computer for the camera(s) at the source,
and hardware encoder cards are used. Further improvements in
connectivity and the use of hardware Custom Interface Modules
(CIMs) to control the cameras can further reduce the latency time
to a target of less than 100 msec, which would provide the director
with a feeling of almost direct response in controlling the
camera.
[0076] As explained previously, video cameras and video switchers
commonly employ remote control code sets that may differ according
to camera model, type, or brand. Remote control software, such as
that offered by Oasis Corp., typically outputs ASCII text commands
via packetized TCP/IP protocol over a network connection (either
dedicated network or public Internet). These ASCII text files are
received by the on-site control computer and simply channeled
through by what is referred to as an input/output "service". A
"service" simply channels the incoming file to the correct port.
From there it goes to the camera control software program which
takes the command input file (ASCII text) and interprets the
correct digital command in the camera control language (Manchester
code) and sends it out to the camera for execution.
[0077] Referring to FIG. 8, a logic diagram illustrates a novel
method provided in the present invention by which a universal
control panel GUI can be used to provide different camera control
command sets to remotely control different types of cameras. The
universal control panel GUI is used with a browser loaded by a
front-end video feed control program installed or downloaded to a
computer used by a director. The director's computer also stores a
plurality of control panel GUI files, each corresponding to a
respective model, type, and/or brand of camera supported in the
system. Any changes or additions to the control panel GUI files may
be downloaded each time the director's computer is used to log on
to the Master site. The Master server detects the presence of the
video feed control program and automatically downloads any required
updates. Each control panel GUI file contains the graphic file for
the universal control panel GUI in Web page format, for display
with the browser used on the director's computer. Each GUI file
also contains links from inputs to the universal control panel GUI
inputs to a specific set of command codes corresponding to a
specific type of camera.
[0078] Thus, the director is presented with the same universal
control panel GUI for remote control by browser of a wide range of
different camera types, while the front-end video feed control
program transparently manages loading the proper control panel GUI
file corresponding to the video camera type to be controlled. When
the director logs on to the Master site and selects a live video
feed for remote control, the Master Server sends an access code
back to the director's terminal that includes a security passcode,
the IP address of the Publishing, Point for accessing the video
feed, and the ID number of the type of camera installed on-site at
the source for the video feed. The camera type number is previously
supplied to the Master server upon input of video feed supply
information by the local network affiliate to the propagation
server at the local PoP, and updating by the local PoP server of
the Master server's database for the Master Feed List. When the
director activates the front-end program to access a video feed at
a designated Publishing Point, the front-end program launches the
director's browser using the proper control panel GUI file that
corresponds to the indicated ID number of the video camera at the
source site. When the director operates the universal control panel
GUI, the linked command code set of the control panel file converts
the director's inputs to the GUI into the text command codes that
can be sent via Internet and recognized by the controller computer
for that type of camera. In this manner, a director can use the
same control panel GUI to control any of the types of video cameras
supported in the system.
[0079] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of conversion of
input to the universal control panel GUI into text command codes
for controlling a specific type of on-site video camera. In the
preferred implementation, the control panel GUI file is stored as a
Web page in HTML format, with the graphical elements of the control
panel GUI for user input linked to the corresponding command
codes.
[0080] As an alternative embodiment, the universal control panel
GUI is loaded with the browser by the front-end program on the
computer of a requesting party and provides a given set of
universal camera control commands. The code conversion step for
specific camera types is performed instead at the local PoP server.
In this version, the universal command codes are routed through the
local PoP server to the controller computers for the different
video cameras. A conversion module is maintained with the PoP
server for converting the universal command codes into command
codes corresponding to a respective one of the different video
camera types. 30 The converted command codes are then routed by the
local PoP server to the video camera computer for the video feed
requested by the requesting party corresponding to the addressed
video camera type.
[0081] Examples of System Applications
[0082] The video feed management system of the present invention
facilitates the availability, transmission, and use of locally
generated content wherever and whenever it is made available or
occurs. This facility opens up a whole new universe of content for
digital video production, digital TV programming, video-on-demand,
pay-per-view, telemedicine conferencing, distance learning, video
conferencing, video-enabled advertising, video-enabled customer
services, sales, and other e-commerce services, etc. Two examples
of end-user applications for locally sourced video content managed
by the global video feed management system are provided below.
[0083] In a first example, video feeds supplied to the local PoPs
are transmitted as direct video feeds to TV broadcast and cable TV
programming companies for production into TV programs. Such TV
broadcast and cable TV programming companies can access locally
sourced video feeds as intermediary users of the video feed
management system. For new digital TV channels where high viewer
choice, segmented audiences, and restricted production budgets are
the norm, the video feeds can be injected into broadcast channels
as direct feeds of streaming video content. For example, as shown
in FIG. 10, a direct feed of live video from the system's network
is supplied to the head-end of a cable broadband or digital TV
system. With minimal wraparound of channel identification,
sponsors, and advertising, the video content can be provided as a
live TV program directly to the public. An analogy would be the
C-SPAN channels where the public can view proceedings at
legislative hearings, public forums, or performance centers with
minimal editing. By co-locating the local PoP server for the system
with the head-end of the cable TV company, the universe of video
feeds managed by the system can be made available and propagated
directly into cable TV programming to the public. The digital
content can be adapted as digital signals to digital cable set top
boxes, or converted to analog TV signals for older-cable systems.
For cable companies that offer broadband services through cable
modems, the video content can also be multicast to distribution
nodes in the cable system and widely accessed by broadband
subscribers locally. Similarly, direct feed connectivity can be
provided to ISPs linked to high-bandwidth lines (T1, fractional T1,
DSL) provided by the telephone operating companies.
[0084] As a second example, the video feed management system of the
invention can be used to facilitate the use of locally sourced
video feeds in video-enabled advertising, e-commerce services, live
events programming, and other video-enabled services on the
Internet. The Master server can be used to automatically generate a
video Web page which is hosted on the master site and linked to a
requesting party's Web site. Upon receiving a request via Internet
from a client company to use a video feed with a desired display
presentation format, the Master server can arrange for access to
the requested video feed and automatically generate the video Web
page and link it to the client company's Web site.
[0085] As a specific example shown in FIG. 11, a direct feed of
live video from the system's network is used to generate a live
video ad for a business Web site for viewing on the Internet. At
the Master site, a company requests access to a desired video feed
to be used in a video ad to be linked to the company's Web site.
The Master site offers the company a number of standard ad display
templates to select from, typically having a main window for the
video feed and fields along the borders for the company's name,
logo, and product or service promotions. The company selects an ad
template and video feed and uploads its graphics files for
insertion in the fields for the company's name, logo, and product
or service promotions. The Master site generates the video ad and
assigns an IP address as a Publishing Point for the ad, which the
company embeds in the link on its Web site to the video-enabled ad
hosted on the Master site. When users visiting the company's Web
site click on the link, they will be linked to the Publishing Point
and the video-enabled ad will be transmitted to them.
[0086] Similarly, other types of licensed affiliates or broadband
media production companies can request automatic generation of live
events programming (sports, news, weather, traffic, cultural
events) to be linked on the Internet to their sites. As described
previously, the Master server can employ its media management
program, Master Feed List, and Pricing Table to prepare billing
statements to these client companies and payment statements to the
video feed sources based upon its rate structure for the different
display templates and video feeds.
[0087] As a further feature, the Master site can take a defensive
measure against hackers de-linking the video feed from its hosted
video Web pages and using the source IP address to access the video
feed for unauthorized purposes. The video feed image can be
digitally superimposed with the company-supplied graphical elements
to create a composite video image that is published directly from a
Publishing Point as hosted by the Master Site. In this way, a
hacker would be unable to de-link the video feed from the
company-identifying elements of the ad, and would be unable to
access the video feed by itself for unauthorized purposes.
Industrial and Commercial Applicability
[0088] The system of the present invention facilitates the
availability, transmission, and use of locally-generated content
for digital video production, digital TV programming,
video-on-demand, pay-per-view, telemedicine conferencing, distance
learning, video conferencing, video-enabled advertising,
video-enabled customer services, sales, and other c-commerce
services, etc., delivered online to users anywhere on the Internet.
The system's business model is based on the recognition that the
online public wants immediate, emotional experiences and that
high-quality video content is essential to such experiences. The
use of video content that covers live and/or local events, faces
and places is expected to have a far greater impact on the viewing
public than generic content. Any video camera having its feed
connected to the video feed management system of the invention can
thus become a portal to the world.
[0089] The system employs a network of locally-sited PoP servers
through high-bandwidth connections so that locally generated video
content can be distributed easily and quickly to users around the
world. The local PoP servers can also be deployed synergistically
by co-location at the head-ends of cable operating companies or
high-bandwidth connections to telephone operating companies in
their respective service areas. This strategy provides a
high-bandwidth delivery system both for uploading video feeds to
the system's network, and also for distributing the video content
to end users.
[0090] Businesses will be enabled to deliver whole new categories
of online video advertising and video-enabled services to customers
using compelling live content. Video-enhanced e-commerce services
will attract greater interest from online users, translating into
increased online transactions for businesses. Such video-enhanced
e-commerce services can include: (a) streaming video
advertisements; (b) coverage of live, in-store, and other
high-interest events from any location; (c) personalized customer
service and product demonstrations; (d) video telephone calls with
customer service representatives; and (e) personalized sales
transactions and sales fulfillment. A business can readily become a
source of live video content simply by having an on-site video
camera installed at the location of an ad shoot, live in-store
event, or customer service or sales center, and connecting its
video feed to the video feed management system via the Internet.
The video feed can then be accessed through the system's network by
the business' video-enabled Web site. Customers anywhere can then
log on to the business' Web site to view the live video
content.
[0091] Other providers of live or on-demand multimedia services can
connect to the video feed management system of the invention to
create a powerful and extensive, global multimedia network. The
global multimedia network may be coupled with a network management
infrastructure as disclosed herein to facilitate multimedia-enabled
e-commerce services worldwide which would permit businesses to tap
into new revenue opportunities through the attraction of online
multimedia content. The invention facilitates the creation of
multimedia content by providing ready access to video feeds from
sources around the world. Businesses can benefit from the greatly
reduced costs saved by having a single point of contact for content
and for media management services, and faster online implementation
of multimedia-enabled e-commerce services.
[0092] The video feed management system of the invention is
entirely scalable and will enable a universe of video cameras to be
sited anywhere to capture live events, e.g., news events, sporting
events, theatre, stage performances, schools, business conferences,
in-store locations, sales centers, etc. When remotely-controlled
video cameras are used, on-location shooting costs and production
delays can be avoided or substantially reduced. The marked lowering
of video production costs and convenience of handling production
remotely via the Internet will allow a multitude of new video
production companies, digital TV programming companies, and
e-commerce and business services companies to create new content
wherever and whenever an event of interest occurs.
[0093] While certain preferred embodiments of the invention have
been described herein, it is understood that many modifications and
variations may be devised given the above disclosed principles of
the invention. It is intended that all such modifications and
variations be considered as included within the spirit and scope of
this invention, as defined in the following claims.
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