U.S. patent application number 10/445212 was filed with the patent office on 2004-03-18 for cushioning product and method and apparatus for making same.
Invention is credited to Deis, Paul, Slovencik, Jean-Marc.
Application Number | 20040052988 10/445212 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 31995062 |
Filed Date | 2004-03-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040052988 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Slovencik, Jean-Marc ; et
al. |
March 18, 2004 |
Cushioning product and method and apparatus for making same
Abstract
The invention relates to a crumpled paper tube for use as a
cushion in packing items, and to a method and apparatus for
producing the same.
Inventors: |
Slovencik, Jean-Marc;
(Uhrwiller, FR) ; Deis, Paul; (Hagenau,
FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Wayne L. Jacobs
Wood, Herron & Evans, L.L.P.
2700 Carew Tower
441 Vine Street
Cincinnati
OH
45202-2917
US
|
Family ID: |
31995062 |
Appl. No.: |
10/445212 |
Filed: |
May 23, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
10445212 |
May 23, 2003 |
|
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|
10385013 |
Mar 10, 2003 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/34.2 ;
428/36.9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 428/1359 20150115;
B31D 5/0052 20130101; B31D 2205/0023 20130101; Y10T 428/1307
20150115; Y10T 428/1352 20150115; B65D 81/09 20130101; Y10T 428/13
20150115; B31D 2205/0082 20130101; Y10T 428/139 20150115; Y10T
428/1303 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/034.2 ;
428/036.9 |
International
Class: |
B32B 001/08 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 17, 2002 |
DE |
10242998.7 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A cushioning product comprising: an elongated paper tube, said
elongated paper tube formed from a pair of elongated sheets of
paper having confronting lateral side edges joined together to form
said tube, which has been crumpled around a circumference thereof
such that said crumpled paper tube has a resilience greater than
that of said elongated paper tube in an uncrumpled state.
2. The cushioning product of claim 1 wherein said elongated paper
tube is crumpled in a longitudinal direction.
3. The cushioning product of claim 1 wherein said elongated paper
tube is crumpled in a radial direction.
4. The cushioning product of claim 1 wherein said elongated paper
tube is crumpled in a longitudinal direction and in a radial
direction.
5. The cushioning product of claim 1 wherein said confronting
lateral side edges are adhesively joined together.
6. The cushioning product of claim 1 wherein said paper tube is a
Kraft paper tube.
8. A paper tube from which to produce a cushioning product, said
paper tube comprising: a pair of elongated sheets of paper having
confronting lateral side edges; said lateral side edges being
joined together longitudinally to form said paper tube.
9. The paper tube of claim 8 wherein said lateral side edges are
adhesively joined together.
10. The paper tube of claim 9 wherein an adhesive is positioned
between the confronting lateral side edges.
11. The paper tube of claim 8 wherein said paper tube is wound into
a roll.
12. The paper tube of claim 8 further including longitudinally
spaced lines of separation facilitating separating said paper tube
in two.
13. The paper tube of claim 12 wherein said longitudinally spaced
lines of separation are perforations.
14. The paper tube of claim 8 wherein said paper tube is a Kraft
paper tube.
15. A method for producing a cushioning product comprising:
providing an elongated paper tube formed from a pair of elongated
sheets of paper having confronting lateral side edges joined
together to form said tube; providing a core; drawing the paper
tube over the core; and crumpling the paper tube around a
circumference thereof.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the elongated paper tube is
crumpled in a longitudinal direction.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the elongated paper tube is
crumpled in a radial direction.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the elongated paper tube is
crumpled in a longitudinal direction and in a radial direction.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the paper is drawn over the core
by driving rollers.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein the core includes idler rollers
facilitating the paper tube being drawn over the core by the
driving rollers.
21. The method of claim 19 wherein the driving rollers include
longitudinally spaced apart first and second sets of driving
rollers.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the first and second sets of
driving rollers rotate at different angular velocities.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the first set of driving rollers
rotates at an angular velocity greater than the angular velocity of
the second set of rollers.
24. The method of claim 23 wherein the second set of driving
rollers is positioned downstream from the first set of driving
rollers.
25. The method of claim 21 wherein the second set of driving
rollers is downstream of said first set of driving rollers, and
each set of driving rollers includes at least two opposed rollers,
and wherein the spacing between the surfaces of said opposed
rollers of said second set of rollers is less than the spacing
between the surfaces of said opposed rollers of said first set of
rollers.
26. The method of claim 24 further comprising separating the
cushioning product in two by stopping the first set of driving
rollers while continuing to drive the second set of driving
rollers.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The invention relates to a cushion of paper, and to a method
and an apparatus for producing it.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] In packing various items, many kinds of cushions for filling
voids are known, which are produced from paper web by crumpling.
They are based on folding or rolling the edges of a paper web
inwardly and then crumpling the folded or rolled paper web. From
this continuously created web, individual cushion portions are then
cut off to a desired length.
[0003] The object of the present invention is to create a paper
cushion which has improved cushioning properties and is less
expensive. Improved cushioning properties means that the product
has higher resiliency and/or elasticity, or in other words provides
better cushioning of items packed, in proportion to the quantity of
paper used. A cushioning product is less expensive if less paper is
required to fill a given volume, for example on the basis of the
way in which the cushioning product is shaped.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] One such product is characterized according to the invention
in that the cushion is a crumpled paper tube. A paper tube, in the
opened-out state, is upset and thereby crumpled. In comparison with
previous products, more air is "trapped" inside this crumpled tube.
The circular cross-section disposition of the paper leads to
improved properties in cushioning and padding packed items.
[0005] These properties are improved still further by preferably
providing that the paper tube is crumpled in the longitudinal
direction and in the radial direction.
[0006] The cushioning properties are furthermore improved if the
paper tube is provided in the longitudinal direction with a strip
of paper or adhesive. This is expediently effected by providing
that this strip and/or this adhesive is formed when a paper tube is
produced from a paper web by folding or rolling in the edges and
joining them together.
[0007] It is especially advantageous to use kraft paper, which is
already intrinsically especially stable.
[0008] For producing such a cushion, it is expedient beforehand to
"configure" a paper tube, that is, to prepare it, specifically by
providing that one or more paper webs are joined together along
their edges, for instance by directly adhesively bonding
overlapping regions or by gluing strips on. These paper tube webs
are then processed further to form the cushions or cushion portions
in the apparatuses suitable for that purpose.
[0009] A paper tube web prepared and put together in this way can
as a result be made smaller, or in other words narrower, by
providing that along the two outer sides of the paper tube, in the
flatly put-together state, indented folds are provided. Thus in a
small space, more paper can be furnished and transported to the
places where the paper tube web is processed further.
[0010] The paper tube web is preferably provided with intended
tearing points at prepared, standardized intervals. These are
points which tear when tension is exerted, as a consequence of the
weakening of the material brought about by them. In other words, if
tension is exerted on the paper tube web, it tears at the points
where it is "supposed to" tear as intended. These points are
preferably formed by a perforation and/or by certain notches or
recesses.
[0011] The method for producing the cushion and the apparatus
suitable for it are embodied such that the paper tube is slipped
onto a core, which distributed over its circumference has rollers
(inner rollers) that cooperate with rollers disposed outside the
core (outer rollers), at least some of which are driven, and that
thus draw in the paper tube, pass it between them, and crumple it.
This is preferably accomplished by providing that two groups of
rollers, spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal
direction, are provided, which are driven at different
circumferential speeds, so that between the two groups of rollers,
crumpling by way of creasing of the paper material comprising the
paper tube web occurs, and this creasing is crumpled further upon
the passage through the second group of rollers.
[0012] This can be improved still further by providing that within
the second-named group of rollers, further rollers are provided,
which are disposed on a smaller boundary circle, so that the
already-crumpled paper tube is also pushed together in the radial
direction and crumpled anew on passing through the last-named
rollers.
[0013] An apparatus for producing a cushion of paper comprises the
provision of feeder means for the paper tube web that slip it onto
a core and the provision of crumpling means, which crumple the
paper tube web that has been opened out by being slipped onto the
core. The feeder means are formed by rollers disposed in a first
plane transverse to the feeding direction, which are provided both
on the core ("inner rollers") and outside the core ("outer
rollers") in the apparatus; all of these rollers initially
continuously open out the paper tube once it has been inserted and
then slip it onto the core. In further planes extending
perpendicular to the transport direction of the paper tube web,
further groups of rollers can be provided. They then, as already
described, accomplish the crumpling in that first a circumferential
creasing occurs by virtue of longitudinal compression, and then a
radial compacting occurs by virtue of radial compression
ensues.
[0014] Exemplary embodiments of the invention and advantageous
refinements of them will be described below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS OF THE INVENTION
[0015] FIG. 1, an exemplary embodiment of a cushion;
[0016] FIG. 2, an exemplary embodiment of a paper tube from which
by crumpling a cushion is created;
[0017] FIGS. 3(a) through (f), various schematic illustrations of
cross sections of a paper tube;
[0018] FIG. 4, the schematic illustration of a paper web processing
unit for producing a cushion;
[0019] FIG. 4a, the location of the axes of the rollers 16, 20, 21
relative to one another;
[0020] FIG. 5, a plan view on a paper tube web;
[0021] FIG. 6, a schematic illustration of a stand with a paper
processing unit, as an apparatus for producing cushions;
[0022] FIG. 7, in perspective, a further exemplary embodiment of an
apparatus for producing a cushion from a paper tube web;
[0023] FIG. 8, part of the apparatus of FIG. 7;
[0024] FIG. 8a, a schematic illustration of the drive of the
rollers in FIG. 7;
[0025] FIG. 9, a cross section taken along the arrows IX-IX in FIG.
7;
[0026] FIG. 10, a side view of the apparatus of FIG. 7;
[0027] FIG. 11, a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 7;
[0028] FIG. 12, a cross section taken along ling 12-12 through the
apparatus of FIG. 7;
[0029] FIG. 13, a perspective view of the core;
[0030] FIG. 14, a side of the core of FIG. 13;
[0031] FIG. 15, a cross section taken along line 15-15 through the
core of FIG. 13;
[0032] FIG. 16, a second exemplary embodiment (modular
construction);
[0033] FIG. 17, the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 16, with half of
the frame and the core removed;
[0034] FIG. 18, the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 16, with the core
inserted and the entire frame removed;
[0035] FIG. 19, a section through the exemplary embodiment of FIG.
16;
[0036] FIG. 20, a section taken in the direction of the arrows
XX-XX in FIG. 19;
[0037] FIG. 21, a section taken in the direction of the arrows
XXI-XXI in FIG. 19;
[0038] FIG. 22, a section taken in the direction of the arrows
XXII-XXII in FIG. 19;
[0039] FIG. 23, a schematic drive diagram for the outer rollers in
the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 16-22;
[0040] FIG. 24, a brake;
[0041] FIG. 25, a slip coupling;
[0042] FIG. 26, a side view of the apparatus of FIG. 16.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0043] FIG. 1 shows a crumpled cushion, or a crumpled cushion
portion 1, having the length (in the crumpled state)
a=approximately 28 cm, the inside diameter b=approximately 7 cm,
and the outer diameter c=approximately 14 cm. It is understood that
these figures are intended solely for purposes of illustration and
are not to be understood as limiting. The cushion portion 1 is
created by crumpling a prefabricated (configured) paper tube 2,
specifically in the form of upsetting in the longitudinal direction
(axial direction) with ensuing compression. One such paper tube 2
is shown in perspective in slightly opened form in FIG. 2, in terms
of the cross section of FIG. 3(a). It involves a paper web 6, which
is folded as shown, that is, with two lateral indented folds 2'.
The folded paper web has a portion 3, at which the two edges 4', 4"
overlap and are glued to one another by means of an adhesive layer
7. Other possible cross sections of the paper tube 2 are shown in
FIGS. 3(b), (c), (d), and (e), and in FIG. 3(c), (d), (e), strips 5
are shown with which the edges of the folded paper web 6, or of two
parallel paper webs 6', 6" are joined or glued together. In this
prepared form, the term used is also a configured paper web, or a
paper tube web 8. FIG. 3(f) illustrates another possible cross
section of paper tube 2 wherein two parallel paper webs 6', 6" are
joined or glued together via adhesive layers 7, 7 between their
confronting lateral edges.
[0044] The paper is preferably so-called "kraft paper", that is,
very firm, brown packing paper made of unbleached sulfate
cellulose, usually using very long fibers, which is therefore
especially tear-resistant. It is understood that this statement
should again be understood only as an example. The webs are glued
together, as already mentioned. The adhesive layers 7 that are
striplike in the longitudinal direction of the cushion portion
form, optionally together with the strip 5, an additional
reinforcement of the cushion, which enhances the cushioning
properties.
[0045] FIG. 4 shows one basic embodiment of a paper processing unit
35 for creating a cushion 1. A roll 11 is seated on a shaft 10. The
roll is formed by a configured, wound-up paper tube web 8. This
tube is drawn onto a core 15 by two pairs of driven rollers 16 and
kept on hand there. One pair of rollers 16 can be seen; a further
pair is located perpendicularly before and behind the plane of FIG.
4, in the same vertical plane. The rollers 16 are followed by
rollers 17, which are driven at a somewhat lower speed, so that
between the two creasing 8' ensues from upsetting, and upon passage
through the paper tube web 8 between the rollers 17 and the core,
this creasing undergoes crumpling. Two further rollers 17 are
disposed in the same vertical plane, in FIG. 4 in front of and
behind the core 15, with their axes perpendicular to those of the
rollers 17 shown. Pairs of rollers 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 that freely
travel jointly are disposed on the core 15 and serve to provide for
low-friction travel along the paper tube on the outside of the
core. As shown in FIG. 4a, the rollers 16 plunge by an amount h
(plunging depth) between the rollers 20, 21, so that they secure
the core 15, in a defined position, against axial displacement.
[0046] One possibility for cutting off individual cushion portions
from the continuously manufactured band is seen in FIG. 5. Once
again, a paper tube web 8 is shown in plan view that has
perforation lines 12, or tearing points or lines of separation, at
intervals of 80 cm, for instance. Along these lines, for instance
at the spacing of half the width of the paper tube web, rhomboid
cutouts 13 are provided. If the rollers 16 are now stopped at
predetermined time intervals, which correspond to the processing of
a particular longitudinal portion, and the rollers 17 are allowed
to continue to rotate, then along the perforated line that is then
located between the rollers 16 and 17, one cushion portion 1 is
torn off. The tearing off can also be done by other means in the
transport direction T, before or after the apparatus shown.
Separating the cushion portions can naturally also be done by a
cutting device or other separating devices as well.
[0047] One simple design of a stand with a paper processing unit 35
for producing such a cushion portion is shown in FIG. 6.
[0048] The stand for the various components comprises a bottom
plate and scaffold 31, which has rolls 32 and 33 onto which
configured paper tube webs 8 are wound. The upper roll 32 is the
one from which a paper tube web 8 is just now being drawn off and
processed. Roll 33 is a reserve roll. On the upper end of the
scaffold 31, by means of rail 37, slot 36 and locking screw 39, the
processing unit 35 is disposed so as to be adjustable in height.
The equipment can move from place to place by means of rollers 38.
The mounting of the two rolls 32 and 33 is done without shafts on
further rolls (not shown.
[0049] FIGS. 7-12 show one exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for
producing a cushion portion 1 in more detail.
[0050] In FIG. 7, a stand 40 can be seen, on the right-hand side of
which two rollers 41 and 42 are provided, on which a roll 11 of a
paper tube web 8 is disposed without a shaft.
[0051] As best seen from FIG. 8, outside the core 15 and therefore
hereinafter also known as "outer rollers", four upper rolls 43, 44,
45, 46 and pairs of associated lower rollers 43', 44', 45', 46' can
be seen. Transversely to this, but with axes in the same vertical
plane and also facing one another in pairs, further pairs of
rollers 61, 61', 62, 62', 63, 63', 64, 64' are provided (see also
FIG. 11). These pairs of rollers cooperate with rollers that rotate
freely on the core 15, namely the pair of rollers 51, 51', the pair
52, 52', the two pairs of rollers 53, 53' and 54, 54', and the pair
55, 55'. Among the "inner rollers" there are also further pairs,
which are disposed with their axes perpendicular to the axes of the
aforementioned rollers, but in the same vertical plane (in this
exemplary embodiment), that is, the pairs of rollers 71, 71', 72,
72', 73, 73', 74, 74', 75, 75' (see also FIGS. 12 and 14).
[0052] The cooperation of only one of the outer pairs of rollers,
namely of the outer pairs of rollers 45, 45' and 63, 63' with each
of the two pairs of rollers 53, 53' and 54, 54' spaced apart from
one another on the core 15, secures the core 15 against an axial
displacement, despite its being freely supported; in this respect,
see also the explanation above for FIG. 4a. Since the outer rollers
are driven and are in engagement with the inner rollers, the paper
tube web 8 is thus drawn through between the outer and inner
rollers and, as a consequence of different drive speeds of the
outer rollers, is folded between them and then crumpled.
[0053] The drawing in of the paper tube web is effected by the two
pairs of rollers 61, 61' and 43, 43' facing one another, while the
emergence of the upset roll is effected by the pairs of rollers 64,
64' and 46, 46'.
[0054] For driving the "outer roller", a central electrical drive
motor 80 is provided, to which a gear 81 for stepping down the
rotary speed is flanged. The power takeoff shaft 82 is connected to
the gear 83, which in turn first drives the shaft 84, deflected by
90.degree., and second drives the shaft 85, which in turn,
deflected by 90.degree. in the gear 83', drives the shaft 99. The
gear wheels 90 and 91 are seated on the shaft 84. The gear wheel 90
drives the gear wheel 92 on the shaft 93 via a chain 220 and gear
wheel 91 and drives the gear wheel 94 on the shaft 95 via chain
221. The shaft 95 extends from the top inward into the gear 96,
which deflected by 90.degree. drives the shaft 97, which extends
into the gear 98, which deflected by 90.degree. drives the shaft 86
and thus the roller 63'. Also seated on the shaft 95 is a gear
wheel 100, which via a chain 222 drives the gear wheel 101 and thus
the shaft 102, on which the roller 64 is seated. The shaft 99
likewise drives a gear wheel 103 (see FIG. 8a), which via a chain
223 drives the gear wheel 107 and thus the shaft 108 and thus also
the roller 61'. The rollers disposed perpendicularly move freely in
part. The roller 44 on shaft 109' is coupled to the shaft 84 via a
bevel gear connection 109. It is understood that pulleys may be
used instead of the chains. In this way, it is possible to make do
with only one motor.
[0055] By means of different gear ratios from the shaft 82 to the
shaft 85 on the one hand (gear 83) and shaft 84 to shaft 95 on the
other (gear wheels 91, 94), it is attained that the rollers 61,
61', 62, 62' located in the vicinity of the drawing-in region, that
is, to the right in FIG. 8, travel somewhat faster than the rollers
63, 63', 64, 64' downstream of them in the transport direction, so
that the aforementioned creasing 8' can occur.
[0056] Groups of rollers are described herein. In the exemplary
embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, the first group is formed by those rollers
whose axes are located (see FIG. 12) in the vertical planes A and B
(in terms of the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 8-12, that is,
perpendicular to the transport direction T of the paper tube). The
second group of rollers is formed by those rollers that are located
in the vertical planes C. The third group forms the rollers in the
plane D.
1 On the apparatus On the core 15: outside the core 15: Group
Vertical Plane "Inner Rollers" "Outer Rollers" First A 51, 75, 51',
75' 43, 61, 43', 61' B 52, 74, 52', 74' 44, 62, 44', 62' Second C
53/54, 72/73, 45, 63, 45', 63' 53'/54', 72'/73' Third D 55, 71,
55', 71' 46, 64, 46', 64'
[0057] Each two inner rollers (such as 53/54) that are associated
with an outer roller (such as 51) and are associated with one
another by the symbol "/" have a certain spacing from the plane C
shown in FIG. 12, but this spacing is not critical in the present
situation. They cooperate with a third roller and serve to fix the
core 15 in the axial direction (see the explanation above for FIG.
4a).
[0058] The rollers of the first group travel at a "first"
circumferential speed, and the rollers of the second group travel
at a "second" circumferential speed that is less than the first
circumferential speed. The result is a crease (see 8' in FIG. 4),
which upon passage through the second group is also crumpled.
[0059] Upon passage through the rollers of the third group in plane
D, crumpling occurs again, specifically as a consequence of the
lesser diameter of the core 15 at this point, including in the
radial direction. This radial decrease in diameter takes place at
the transition of the paper tube from the portion 200 to the
portion 201 (see FIG. 13). The term "diameter" is not meant to be
understood strictly here but instead pertains to the approximate
outline around the plates 130, 131, 150, 151 at the applicable
point. Accordingly, compressive crumpling of the paper tube takes
place in the axial direction and in the radial direction, the
latter taking place in/after the diameter reduction of the core and
thus of the paper tube.
[0060] In FIGS. 13-15, the construction of the core 15 in
detail.
[0061] As seen in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, the core 15 is constructed
of two parts, namely a front part 120 in terms of the transport
direction and a rear part 121 in terms of the transport direction.
The dividing line is marked 120'. The two parts are joined
together, in this specific case in that the front part has a
connecting element 125, which is connected on the one hand to the
front part 120 by means of the screw 126 and on the other to the
rear part 121 by means of the screw 127.
[0062] If the two parts are viewed together in the assembled state
(see FIG. 14), it can be seen that the core 15 substantially
comprises an upper plate 130 and a lower plate 131, which are
joined to one another, via spacers 140, 141, 142 that are disposed
between them, by means of screws 145. The rollers 71'-75' (and
behind them and therefore not visible, the rollers 71-75) are then
disposed between the plates.
[0063] Both on the upper plate 130 and on the lower plate 131, two
further plates 150, 151 each are disposed continuously (but in two
parts, corresponding to the front part 120 and the rear part 121),
these further plates being parallel and perpendicular to the plates
130, 131; these further plates serve to support the rollers 51-54,
that is, on the underside 51'-55'.
[0064] FIG. 16 shows a further exemplary embodiment of modular
construction, in which all the rollers are disposed inside a
boxlike frame 230, which comprises two frame portions 231 and 232,
bent at right angles, which are screwed to another by means of the
angle brackets 233. The shaft 234 protrudes from the frame 230 at
the bottom. It corresponds to the shaft 84 in FIG. 8 and FIG. 8a
and is connected to a drive motor, not shown in FIG. 16. Within the
module, the core is also fixed in the axial direction between the
rollers. A guide baffle 236 that is adjustable by means of screws
is disposed on the frame, and the paper tube web 8 can be delivered
via its guide face 237. The paper tube web is drawn across the
mushroom-shaped inlet head 238 and opened out in the process and
pulled through between the rollers.
[0065] As seen from FIGS. 20 and 23, the shaft 234 carries the
outer roller 241 and, via the two bevel gears 301 and 302, drives
the shaft 303 and thus also the roller 251. The shaft 303, via the
bevel gears 304, 305, then drives the shaft 306 and thus also the
roller 241'. The shaft 234 moreover, via the bevel gear 307 and the
bevel gear 308, drives the shaft 309, on which the roller 251 is
seated. The rollers 241, 241', 251, 251' cooperate in such a manner
with rollers 261, 261', 262, 262', 271, 271', 272, 272', disposed
freely rotatably on the internal tube 310, which is part of the
core 235, that when the shaft 234 is driven, a paper tube web 8 is
pulled through, between the outer rollers and the inner rollers.
The rollers 261, 261', 271, 271' are seated perpendicular to the
plane of FIG. 20 just before the rollers 262, 262', 271, 271' (see
FIG. 19 and FIG. 26). The two "inner rollers" disposed in pairs
before and behind the plane in FIG. 20 cooperate with the "outer
rollers" in order to axially fix the core.
[0066] Seated on the shaft 303 (FIG. 20) on one side (to the right)
of the roller 251 is the gear wheel 311, and on the other is the
gear wheel 312.
[0067] The gear wheel 311, via a chain or pulley (not shown),
drives the gear wheel 313 on the shaft 314 (see FIG. 21). The shaft
314 carries the bevel gears 315 and 316, which via the bevel gears
317 and 318 drive the shafts 319 and 320. In this way, the rollers
240, 240', 250, 250' seated on these shafts are driven, and in turn
cooperate with the rollers 260, 260', 270, 270' in such a way that
between a paper tube web 8 can be drawn in and pulled through.
[0068] The gear wheel 312 (FIG. 20), via a chain or a pulley (not
shown), drives the gear wheel 325 (see FIG. 22), on which the shaft
326 that carries the roller 252 is seated. Via the bevel gears 327,
328, 329, 330, the shaft 326 drives the shafts 331 and 331' and
thus the rollers 242, 242' seated on them. Seated on the lower end
of the shaft 331 is a bevel gear 332, which drives a bevel gear
333. The latter drives the shaft 334 and thus the roller 252'.
[0069] In this exemplary embodiment, the rollers 242, 242', 252,
252' ("outer rollers") are not assigned any corresponding rollers,
cooperating with them, on the core or on the internal tube 310. To
bring about the crumpling of the tube passing between these rollers
on the one hand and the internal tube 310 on the other and already
crumpled and now radially compressed, and to improve this crumpling
and at the same time to reinforce the feeding of the tube in the
transport direction T, the rollers 242, 242', 252, 252' have pins
335 distributed at regular intervals along their circumference.
[0070] The shafts are each in bearings 359 that are provided in
gibs 350-357 (see FIG. 17). The gibs are screwed to the frame
portions 231 and 232, for example by means of the screws 358 (see
FIG. 16).
[0071] Thus a paper web tube 8 is drawn manually onto the core 235
in the transport direction T at the beginning of the procedure,
placed between the rollers 250, 250', 240, 240' (outer rollers) and
the rollers 260, 260', 270, 270' (inner rollers), and as soon as
these rollers engage it, it is drawn by them continuously between
them and pulled through between them, because of the fact that the
outer rollers are driven as described. Next, they are pulled
through between the rollers 251, 251', 241, 241' (outer rollers)
and the rollers 261, 261', 262, 262', 271, 271', 272, 272' (inner
rollers), but at a lower speed. Accordingly what occurs between
these two groups of rollers is a creasing, which is not shown in
these drawings, but can be seen in FIG. 4 (at 8a). The first group
is formed by the outer rollers 240, 240', 250, 250' and the inner
rollers 260, 260', 270, 270'. The second group is formed by the
outer rollers 241, 241', 251, 251' and the inner rollers 261, 261',
262, 262', 271, 271', 272, 272'. To make it possible for the
creasing to occur, however, the diameter of the paper web tube must
be correspondingly greater than that of the core.
[0072] The different speeds of the first and second groups of
rollers is due to the fact that the gear ratio of the gear wheel
311 (FIG. 20) to the gear wheel 313 is designed accordingly.
[0073] A further crumpling then takes place upon the reduction in
the radial spacing (relative to the center line of the internal
tube 310) of the paper web tube as it is transported from this
second group of rollers to the third group of rollers, formed by
the rollers 242, 242', 252, 252'. These are "outer rollers". This
exemplary embodiment does not have any "inner rollers"
corresponding to outer rollers 242, 242', 252, 252'. Nevertheless,
further crumpling occurs. The speed of revolution of this third
group of rollers is determined by the gear ratio of gear wheel 312
(FIG. 20) to gear wheel 325 (FIG. 22).
[0074] It should furthermore be noted that the inner rollers are
supported on the internal tube 310 because suitably U-shaped
bearing brackets 360 are screwed onto the internal tube (FIGS. 20,
21).
[0075] To brake outer rollers of the first group of rollers, or
--more precisely--the driven outer rollers 240, 240', 250, 250'
(see FIG. 21), in order to bring about tearing off of the paper web
tube at the "intended tearing points" 9/9' (see FIG. 5), the
following provisions are made: A brake wheel 361, fixed in a groove
363 by a tongue 362, is disposed on the shaft 320 (FIG. 21). The
brake wheel 361 can, as seen from FIG. 24, be brought to a
standstill by a brake belt 365, when the electric motor 366 is
excited. Then the armature 367, on which the retaining rod 368 is
secured with the brake belt 365, is drawn inward by approximately 2
mm in the direction of the arrow. This tenses the brake belt 365
and stops the motion of the shaft 320. As a consequence of the
geared connection via bevel gears and shafts, this stop then causes
a corresponding stop of the outer rollers 240, 240', 250, 250'
shown in FIG. 21.
[0076] So that despite the aforementioned stop, the driven rollers
241, 241', 251, 251' (FIG. 20) can continue to rotate, the gear
wheel 313 (FIG. 21), which is driven by shaft 303 via the gear
wheel 311 and pulleys, is supported on the shaft 314 by means of a
slip coupling 370, which is shown in further detail in FIG. 25.
This slip coupling makes it possible for the second group of
rollers to continue rotating while the first group is stopped. The
paper web tube then tears.
[0077] The slip coupling functions as follows: The roller 250 is
supported on the shaft 314 in the groove 369 by means of the tongue
369'. The gear wheel 313 rests laterally on the roller 250 but is
not solidly connected to it. Inside the gear wheel 313, there is a
further gear wheel 371, whose left-hand shoulder 371' is seated on
an associated shoulder face 313' of the gear wheel 313. The gear
wheel 371 is coupled in the direction of rotation to the shaft 314
by the tongue 372 also engaging the groove 369 and is pressed from
right to left (in FIG. 25) into contact against the gear wheel 313.
An adjusting screw 374 is screwed into a recess 373, provided with
a female thread 373', in the gear wheel 371. The adjusting screw,
with its outer shoulder 374', presses against the cup spring 375,
which in turn, with its outer leg 375' bent over inward, exerts
pressure on the gear wheel 313. The adjusting screw 373 is fixed in
the axial direction because it is screwed onto a male thread of the
tubule 376, which is disposed fixedly on the shaft 374 by means of
a pin 377. In other words, the farther the adjusting screw 374 is
screwed inward (to the left in FIG. 25), the harder the cup spring
375 with its leg 375 presses on the end face of the gear wheel 313.
As a result, the shaft 314 is coupled frictionally to the gear
wheel 313. However, the coupling is dimensioned such that
whenever--as described--the shaft 314 is brought to a stop, the
gear wheel 313, overcoming this friction, can rotate further. The
adjusting screw 374 can be adjusted from outside by the engagement
of a suitable pin with one of the transverse bores 378.
[0078] The braking device, comprising electromagnet 366 and brake
belt 365, is connected to a support plate 380, which is screwed to
the frame portion 232 (see FIG. 26).
* * * * *