U.S. patent application number 10/391478 was filed with the patent office on 2004-03-18 for reusable instruments and related systems and methods.
Invention is credited to Krupa, Robert J., Root, Thomas V..
Application Number | 20040052679 10/391478 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 28454638 |
Filed Date | 2004-03-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040052679 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Root, Thomas V. ; et
al. |
March 18, 2004 |
Reusable instruments and related systems and methods
Abstract
Reusable instruments, such as reusable medical instruments, and
related systems and methods, are disclosed. In some embodiments,
the reusable instrument can be an endoscope.
Inventors: |
Root, Thomas V.; (Beverly,
MA) ; Krupa, Robert J.; (Leominster, MA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Toby Kusmer, P.C.
McDermott, Will & Emery
28 State Street
Boston
MA
02109
US
|
Family ID: |
28454638 |
Appl. No.: |
10/391478 |
Filed: |
March 18, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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60365310 |
Mar 18, 2002 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
422/1 ; 134/22.1;
134/22.14; 134/23; 134/8; 422/28 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06Q 30/04 20130101;
A61B 1/00059 20130101; A61B 2560/0276 20130101; A61B 1/121
20130101; A61B 1/00029 20130101; A61B 1/00016 20130101; A61B
1/00062 20130101; A61B 2560/0456 20130101; A61B 2560/0271
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
422/001 ;
422/028; 134/008; 134/022.1; 134/022.14; 134/023 |
International
Class: |
A61L 002/02; A61L
002/16 |
Claims
1. A system, comprising: a treatment chamber for treating a
reusable instrument; and a cleaning device coupled to the treatment
chamber so that, when the reusable instrument is disposed in the
treatment chamber, the cleaning device is capable of interacting
with an interior channel of the reusable instrument to at least
partially clean the interior channel.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the cleaning device is selected
from the group consisting of brushes, fluid emission devices,
radiation emission devices, a pipe cleaner, a thread, and a
rope.
5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a cleaning device
controller configured to control a position of the cleaning device
within the treatment chamber so that the cleaning device can be
moved from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second
position in the treatment chamber that is different from the first
position, the cleaning device being at least partially disposed
within the interior channel of the reusable instrument when in the
second position.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second cleaning
device coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the second
cleaning device interacts with an exterior surface of the reusable
instrument to at least partially clean the exterior surface of the
reusable instrument.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a cleaning device
controller configured to control a position of the second cleaning
device within the treatment chamber so that the second cleaning
device can be moved from a first position in the treatment chamber
to a second position in the treatment chamber that is different
from the first position, the second cleaning device being adjacent
the exterior surface of the reusable instrument when in the second
position.
8. The system of claim 6, further comprising a fluid source Coupled
to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable instrument is
disposed in the treatment chamber, the fluid source can dispose a
fluid into the interior channel of the reusable instrument.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a fluid source
controller configured to control a position of the fluid source
within the treatment chamber so that the fluid source can be moved
from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second position
in the treatment chamber that is different from the first position,
the fluid source being adjacent an opening in the interior channel
of the reusable instrument when in the second position.
10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fluid source
coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the fluid source
can dispose a fluid into the interior channel of the reusable
instrument.
11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a fluid source
controller configured to control a position of the fluid source
within the treatment chamber so that the fluid source can be moved
from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second position
in the treatment chamber that is different from the first position,
the fluid source being adjacent an opening in the interior channel
of the reusable instrument when in the second position.
12. A system, comprising: a treatment chamber for treating a
reusable instrument; a cleaning device coupled to the treatment
chamber so that, when the reusable instrument is disposed in the
treatment chamber, the cleaning device interacts with an exterior
surface of the reusable instrument to at least partially clean the
exterior surface of the reusable instrument.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
14. The system of claim 12, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
15. The system of claim 12, wherein the cleaning device is selected
from the group consisting of brushes, fluid emission devices,
radiation emission devices, a pipe cleaner, a thread, and a
rope.
16. The system of claim 12, further comprising a cleaning device
controller configured to control a position of the cleaning device
within the treatment chamber so that the cleaning device can be
moved from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second
position in the treatment chamber that is different from the first
position, the cleaning device being adjacent the exterior surface
of the reusable instrument when in the second position.
17. The system of claim 12, further comprising a fluid source
coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the fluid source
can dispose a fluid into an interior channel of the reusable
instrument.
18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a fluid source
controller configured to control a position of the fluid source
within the treatment chamber so that the fluid source can be moved
from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second position
in the treatment chamber that is different from the first position,
the fluid source being adjacent an opening in the interior channel
of the reusable instrument when in the second position.
19. A system, comprising: a treatment chamber for treating a
reusable instrument; a fluid source coupled to the treatment
chamber so that, when the reusable instrument is disposed in the
treatment chamber, the fluid source is adjacent an opening in an
interior channel of the reusable instrument so that the fluid
source can dispose a fluid into an interior channel of the reusable
instrument.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
21. The system of claim 19, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
22. The system of claim 19, further comprising a fluid source
controller configured to control a position of the fluid source
within the treatment chamber so that the fluid source can be moved
from a first position in the treatment chamber to a second position
in the treatment chamber that is different from the first position,
the fluid source being adjacent an opening in the interior channel
of the reusable instrument when in the second position.
23. The system of claim 19, wherein the fluid source comprises a
fluid emission device.
24. The source of claim 19, wherein the fluid source is in contact
with the opening in the reusable instrument.
25. A system, comprising: a sterilization chamber; and a first
cleaning device coupled to the sterilization chamber so that, when
an endoscope is disposed in the sterilization chamber, the first
cleaning device is capable of interacting with an interior channel
of the endoscope to at least partially clean the interior channel,
the first cleaning device being selected from the group consisting
of brushes, fluid emission devices, radiation emission devices,
pipe cleaners, threads, ropes; a first cleaning device controller
configured to control a position of the first cleaning device
within the sterilization chamber so that the first cleaning device
can be moved from a first position in the sterilization chamber to
a second position in the sterilization chamber that is different
from the first position, the first cleaning device being at least
partially disposed within the interior channel of the endoscope
when in the second position; a second cleaning device coupled to
the sterilization chamber so that, when the endoscope is disposed
in the sterilization chamber, the second cleaning device interacts
with an exterior surface of the endoscope to at least partially
clean the exterior surface of the endoscope, the cleaning device
being selected from the group consisting of brushes, fluid emission
devices, and radiation emission devices, pipe cleaners, threads,
and ropes; a second cleaning device controller configured to
control a position of the second cleaning device within the
sterilization chamber so that the second cleaning device can be
moved from a first position in the sterilization chamber to a
second position in the sterilization chamber that is different from
the first position, the second cleaning device being adjacent the
exterior surface of the endoscope when in the second position; a
fluid source coupled to the sterilization chamber so that, when the
endoscope is disposed in the sterilization chamber, the fluid
source can dispose a fluid into the interior channel of the
endoscope, the fluid source including a fluid emission device; and
a fluid source controller configured to control a position of the
fluid source within the sterilization chamber so that the fluid
source can be moved from a first position in the sterilization
chamber to a second position in the sterilization chamber that is
different from the first position, the fluid source being adjacent
an opening in the interior channel of the endoscope when in the
second position.
26. A method of cleaning an interior channel of a reusable
instrument, the method comprising: disposing the reusable
instrument in a treatment chamber; and at least partially disposing
a cleaning device within the interior channel of the reusable
instrument to clean the interior channel of the reusable
instrument.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
28. The method of claim 26, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
29. The method of claim 26, further comprising causing relative
motion between the cleaning device and the reusable instrument so
that the cleaning device passes into different portions of the
interior channel of the reusable instrument.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the interior channel is
substantially stationary during cleaning.
31. The method of claim 29, wherein the cleaning device is
substantially stationary during cleaning.
32. The method of claim 26, wherein the method includes contacting
the cleaning device with the interior surface of the channel of the
reusable instrument.
33. The method of claim 26, wherein the method includes contacting
the interior channel of the reusable instrument with a cleaning
solution emitted by the cleaning device.
34. The method of claim 26, wherein the method includes contacting
the interior channel of the reusable instrument with a radiation
emitted by the cleaning device.
35. The method of claim 26, further comprising cleaning an exterior
surface of the reusable instrument.
36. The method of claim 26, further comprising disposing a fluid
into the interior channel of the reusable instrument.
37. The method of claim 26, further comprising treating the
reusable instrument.
38. A method of cleaning an exterior surface of a reusable
instrument, the method comprising: disposing the reusable
instrument in a treatment chamber; and disposing a cleaning device
adjacent an exterior surface of the reusable instrument to remove
contaminants from the exterior surface of the reusable
instrument.
39. The method of claim 38, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
40. The method of claim 38, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
41. The method of claim 38, further comprising causing relative
motion between the cleaning device and the reusable instrument so
that the cleaning device passes along different regions of the
exterior surface of the reusable instrument.
42. The method of claim 41, wherein the exterior surface of the
reusable instrument is substantially stationary during
cleaning.
43. The method of claim 41, wherein the cleaning device is
substantially stationary during cleaning.
44. The method of claim 38, wherein the method includes contacting
the cleaning device with the exterior surface of the reusable
instrument.
45. The method of claim 38, wherein the method includes contacting
the exterior surface of the reusable instrument with a cleaning
solution emitted by the cleaning device.
46. The method of claim 38, wherein the method includes contacting
the exterior surface of the reusable instrument with radiation
emitted by the cleaning device.
47. The method of claim 38, further comprising disposing a fluid
into an interior channel of the reusable instrument.
48. The method of claim 38, further comprising treating the
reusable instrument.
49. A method of cleaning an interior channel of a reusable
instrument, the method comprising: disposing the reusable
instrument in a treatment chamber; and disposing a fluid in an
interior channel of the reusable instrument to clean the interior
channel.
50. The method of claim 49, wherein the treatment chamber is a
sterilization chamber or a disinfection chamber.
51. The method of claim 49, wherein the reusable instrument is an
endoscope.
52. The method of claim 49, wherein the fluid is selected from the
group consisting of cleaning fluids, treating fluids and gases.
53. The method of claim 49, further comprising treating the
reusable instrument.
54. A computer program product residing on a computer readable
medium having a plurality of instructions stored thereon which,
when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more
processors to: cause the occurrence of a process, the process
including: disposing the reusable instrument in a treatment
chamber; and at least partially disposing a cleaning device within
the interior channel of the reusable instrument to clean the
interior channel of the reusable instrument.
55. The computer program product of claim 54, wherein the computer
readable medium is selected from the group consisting of a hard
disk drive, a random access memory, and a read-only memory.
56. A computer program product residing on a computer readable
medium having a plurality of instructions stored thereon which,
when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more
processors to: cause the occurrence of a process, the process
including: disposing the reusable instrument in a treatment
chamber; and disposing a cleaning device adjacent an exterior
surface of the reusable instrument to remove contaminants from the
exterior surface of the reusable instrument.
57. The computer program product of claim 56, wherein the computer
readable medium is selected from the group consisting of a hard
disk drive, a random access memory, and a read-only memory.
58. A computer program product residing on a computer readable
medium having a plurality of instructions stored thereon which,
when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more
processors to: cause the occurrence of a process, the process
including: disposing a reusable instrument in a treatment chamber;
and disposing a fluid into an interior channel of the reusable
instrument to clean the interior channel.
59. The computer program product of claim 58, wherein the computer
readable medium is selected from the group consisting of a hard
disk drive, a random access memory, and a read-only memory.
60. The system of claim 1, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
61. The system of claim 12, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
62. The system of claim 19, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
63. The method of claim 26, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
64. The method of claim 38, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
65. The method of claim 49, wherein the reusable medical instrument
is a reusable medical instrument.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C.
.sctn.119(e)(1) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No.
60/365,310, filed on Mar. 18, 2002, and entitled "Endoscope and
Autoclave System for Endoscope Sterilization," the contents of
which are hereby incorporated by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The invention relates to reusable instruments, such as
endoscopes, and related systems and methods.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Endoscopes are commonly used to view a region inside a
subject (e.g., a human, an animal), such as, for example, when
performing a therapeutic or interventional medical procedure to
remove a polyp within the intestine, when performing a diagnostic
medical procedure to view the bronchii searching for tumors, or
when performing a diagnostic medical procedure to ultrasonically
image an organ (e.g., in transesophageal ultrasonic imaging).
Typically, an endoscope has a manipulation portion coupled to an
elongated portion (e.g., a flexible elongated portion, a rigid
elongated portion, a semi-rigid elongated portion) so that, during
use of the endoscope, the manipulation portion remains outside the
subject while the elongated portion is at least partially disposed
inside the subject. Generally, the elongated portion has one or
more optical components (e.g., one or more lenses, imaging fiber
optics, video imager) to illuminate and view the region inside the
subject, and the manipulation portion has one or more devices
designed to control the optical components and the position of the
elongated portion in the subject. Optionally, the elongated portion
can include one or more medical tools configured to perform a
medical procedure on the subject. In general, after each use in a
medical procedure, the endoscope is cleaned to remove detritus, and
subsequently disinfected and/or sterilized.
SUMMARY
[0004] In one aspect, the invention features a method of charging a
client for use of a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope). The method includes charging the
client for use of the reusable instrument, where the charge to the
client is at least partially based on the number of times the
client has used the reusable instrument since last being charged
for use of the reusable instrument.
[0005] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
charging a client for use of a reusable instrument (e.g., a
reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope). The method
includes reading recognition data from the reusable instrument to
determine the identity of the reusable instrument, and determining
the client based on the identity of the reusable instrument. The
method also includes charging the client based on data associated
with the client.
[0006] In a further aspect, the invention features a method of
managing a condition of a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope). The method includes
determining the identity of the reusable instrument, and
determining, based on the identity of the reusable instrument, the
number of times the reusable instrument has been used since the
reusable instrument last underwent a maintenance procedure.
[0007] In one aspect, the invention features a method of
maintaining a supply material associated with uses of a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope). The method includes determining the identity of the
reusable instrument, and determining, based on the identity of the
reusable instrument, the number of times the reusable instrument
has been used since the supply material was last acquired by a
client associated with the reusable instrument.
[0008] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
preventing use of a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope). The method includes determining
a client associated with the reusable instrument based on the
identity of the reusable instrument, and preventing the reusable
instrument from being used in a procedure based on data associated
with the client.
[0009] In a further aspect, the invention features a method of
maintaining a database for a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope). The method includes
determining, each time the reusable instrument has been used in a
procedure, that the reusable instrument has been used in a
procedure, and updating, each time the reusable instrument has been
used in a procedure, the database to indicate that the reusable
instrument has been used in another procedure.
[0010] In one aspect, the invention features a method of charging a
client. The method includes charging the client, where the charge
to the client is at least partially based on a number of times the
client has treated a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope) since last being charged.
[0011] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause a process to
occur. The process includes charging a client for use of a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope), where the charge to the client is at least partially
based on a number of times the client has used the reusable
instrument since last being charged for use of the reusable
instrument.
[0012] In a further aspect, the invention features a computer
program product residing on a computer readable medium having a
plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by
one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause
the occurrence of a process. The process includes reading
recognition data from a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope) to determine an identity
of the reusable instrument, and determining a client associated
with the reusable instrument based on the identity of the reusable
instrument. The process also includes charging the client based on
data associated with the client.
[0013] In one aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes determining an
identity of the reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope), and determining, based on the
identity of the reusable instrument, a number of times the reusable
instrument has been used since the reusable instrument last
underwent a maintenance procedure.
[0014] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes determining an
identity of a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope), and determining, based on the
identity of the reusable instrument, a number of times the reusable
instrument has been used since the supply material was last
acquired by a client associated with the reusable instrument.
[0015] In a further aspect, the invention features a computer
program product residing on a computer readable medium having a
plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by
one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause
the occurrence of a process. The process includes determining an
account for a client based on an identity of a reusable instrument
(e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope), and
preventing the client from using the reusable instrument in a
procedure based on data associated with the client.
[0016] In one aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes determining, each
time a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument,
such as an endoscope) has been used in a procedure, that the
reusable instrument has been used in a procedure, and updating,
each time the reusable instrument has been used in a procedure, the
database to indicate that the reusable instrument has been used in
another procedure.
[0017] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes charging a client,
where the charge to the client is at least partially based on a
number of times the client has treated a reusable instrument (e.g.,
a reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope) since last
being charged.
[0018] In a further aspect, the invention features a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope). The instrument includes an instrument body, and an
indicator configured to provide the identity of the instrument. The
indicator is integral with the instrument body, disposed on the
exterior of the instrument body, or disposed in the interior of the
instrument body.
[0019] In one aspect, the invention features a system that includes
a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as
an endoscope) and a data recognition device. The instrument
includes an instrument body and an indicator. The indicator is
integral with the instrument body, disposed on the exterior of the
instrument body, or disposed in the interior of the instrument
body. The data recognition device is configured to read data from
the indicator to determine the identity of the reusable
instrument.
[0020] In another aspect, the invention features a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) that includes an instrument body and an indicator. The
indicator is integral with the instrument body, disposed on the
exterior of the instrument body, or disposed in the interior of the
instrument body. The indicator is configured to provide a serial
number of the reusable instrument device, a product number of the
reusable instrument, a treatment status of the reusable instrument,
a procedure enablement status (e.g., a medical procedure enablement
status) of the reusable instrument, or a supply status of the
reusable instrument.
[0021] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope) and a data recognition device.
The instrument includes an instrument body and an indicator. The
indicator is integral with the instrument body, disposed on the
exterior of the instrument body, or disposed in the interior of the
instrument body. The data recognition device is configured to read
data from the indicator, where the data is a serial number of the
reusable instrument, a product number of the endoscopic device, a
treatment status of the reusable instrument, or a procedure
enablement status of the reusable instrument.
[0022] In one aspect, the invention features a system that includes
an article and a data recognition device. The article is a
component of a treatment system (e.g., a sterilization system, a
disinfection system) for the reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope), a holder for a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) that is configured to be removably housed in a treatment
chamber (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope)
for the reusable instrument, or a docking station for a holder for
a reusable instrument that is configured to be removably housed
within a treatment chamber for the reusable instrument. The data
recognition is integral with the article, disposed on an exterior
of the article, or disposed in an interior of the article. The data
recognition device is configured to read data from the reusable
instrument to recognize a serial number of the reusable instrument,
a product number of the reusable instrument, a treatment status of
the endoscope, or a procedure enablement status of the reusable
instrument.
[0023] In another aspect, the invention features a system that
includes an article and a disabling device coupled to the article.
The article is a component for a treatment system (e.g., a
sterilization system, a disinfection system) for the reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope), a holder for a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope) that is configured to be
removably housed in a treatment chamber for the reusable
instrument, or a (locking station for a holder for a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) that is configured to be removably housed within a
treatment chamber for the reusable instrument. The disabling device
is configured to change a procedure enablement status of a reusable
instrument to prevent the reusable instrument from being used in a
procedure.
[0024] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes an article and a treatment status device coupled to the
article. The article is a component for a treatment system (e.g., a
sterilization system, a disinfection system) for the reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope), a holder for a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope) that is configured to be
removably housed in a treatment chamber for the reusable
instrument, or a docking station for a holder for a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) that is configured to be removably housed within a
treatment chamber for the reusable instrument. The treatment status
device is configured to change a treatment status of a reusable
instrument to indicate that the reusable instrument has been
treated since it was last used in a procedure.
[0025] In one aspect, the invention features a method that includes
reading data from a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope) to determine the identity of the
reusable instrument.
[0026] In another aspect, the invention features a method that
includes reading recognition data from a reusable instrument (e.g.,
a reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope), where the
recognition data is a serial number of the reusable instrument, a
product number of the reusable instrument, a treatment status of
the reusable instrument, a supply status of the reusable
instrument, or a procedure enablement status of the reusable
instrument (e.g., a medical procedure enablement status of the
reusable instrument).
[0027] In a further aspect, the invention features a computer
program product residing on a computer readable medium having a
plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by
one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause
the occurrence of a process. The process includes reading data from
a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as
an endoscope) to determine the identity of the reusable
instrument.
[0028] In one aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes reading recognition
data from a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope), where the recognition data is a
serial number of the reusable instrument, a product number of the
reusable instrument, a treatment status of the reusable instrument,
a supply status of the reusable instrument, or a procedure
enablement status of the reusable instrument.
[0029] In another aspect, the invention features an endoscopic
device that includes an endoscope body and a communication device.
The communication device is integral with the endoscope body,
disposed on the exterior of the endoscope body, or disposed in the
interior of the endoscope body. The communication device is a
wireless transmitter and/or a wireless receiver.
[0030] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes an endoscope body and a first communication device that is
integral with the endoscope body, disposed on the exterior of the
endoscope body, or disposed in the interior of the endoscope body.
The system also includes a second communication device. The first
communication device is a wireless transmitter and/or a wireless
receiver, and the first and second communication devices are
configured to wirelessly transmit data therebetween.
[0031] In one aspect, the invention features a method of
communicating that includes wirelessly communicating data between
an endoscope and an article.
[0032] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes wirelessly
communicating data between an endoscope and an article.
[0033] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization chamber, a
disinfection chamber) for treating a reusable instrument (e.g., a
reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope) and a cleaning
device coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the cleaning
device is capable of interacting with an interior channel of the
reusable instrument to at least partially clean the interior
channel.
[0034] In one aspect, the invention features a system that includes
a treatment chamber (e.g. a sterilization chamber, a disinfection
chamber) for treating a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope) and a cleaning device
coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the cleaning
device interacts with an exterior surface of the reusable
instrument to at least partially clean the exterior surface of the
reusable instrument.
[0035] In another aspect, the invention features a system that
includes a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization chamber, a
disinfection chamber) for treating a reusable instrument (e.g., a
reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope) and a fluid
source coupled to the treatment chamber so that, when the reusable
instrument is disposed in the treatment chamber, the fluid source
is adjacent an opening in an interior channel of the reusable
instrument so that the fluid source can dispose a fluid into an
interior channel of the reusable instrument.
[0036] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes a sterilization chamber and a first cleaning device
coupled to the sterilization chamber so that, when an endoscope is
disposed in the sterilization chamber, the first cleaning device is
capable of interacting with an interior channel of the endoscope to
at least partially clean the interior channel. The first cleaning
device is, for example, a brush, a fluid emission device, a
radiation emission device, a pipe cleaner, a thread, or a rope. The
system also includes a controller configured to control a position
of the first cleaning device within the sterilization chamber so
that the first cleaning device can be moved from a first position
in the sterilization chamber to a second position in the
sterilization chamber that is different from the first position,
where the first cleaning device is at least partially disposed
within the interior channel of the endoscope when in the second
position. The system further includes a second cleaning device
coupled to the sterilization chamber so that, when the endoscope is
disposed in the sterilization chamber, the second cleaning device
interacts with an exterior surface of the endoscope to at least
partially clean the exterior surface of the endoscope. The cleaning
device is, for example, a brush, a fluid emission device, a
radiation emission device, a pipe cleaner, a thread, or a rope. The
system also includes a controller configured to control a position
of the second cleaning device within the sterilization chamber so
that the second cleaning device can be moved from a first position
in the sterilization chamber to a second position in the
sterilization chamber that is different from the first position,
where the second cleaning device is adjacent the exterior surface
of the endoscope when in the second position. The system further
includes a fluid source coupled to the sterilization chamber so
that, when the endoscope is disposed in the sterilization chamber,
the fluid source can dispose a fluid into the interior channel of
the endoscope. The fluid source is, for example, a fluid emission
device. The system also includes a controller configured to control
a position of the fluid source within the sterilization chamber so
that the fluid source can be moved from a first position in the
sterilization chamber to a second position in the sterilization
chamber that is different from the first position, where the fluid
source is adjacent an opening in the interior channel of the
endoscope when in the second position.
[0037] In one aspect, the invention features a method of cleaning
an interior channel of a reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope). The method includes
disposing the reusable instrument in a treatment chamber, and at
least partially disposing a cleaning device within the interior
channel of the reusable instrument to clean the interior channel of
the reusable instrument.
[0038] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
cleaning an exterior surface of a reusable instrument (e.g., a
reusable medical instrument). The method includes disposing the
reusable instrument in a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization
chamber, a disinfection chamber), and disposing a cleaning device
adjacent an exterior surface of the reusable instrument to remove
contaminants from the exterior surface of the reusable
instrument.
[0039] In a further aspect, the invention features a method of
cleaning an interior channel of a reusable instrument (e.g., a
reusable medical instrument, such as an endoscope). The method
includes disposing the reusable instrument in a treatment chamber
(e.g., a sterilization chamber, a disinfection chamber), and
disposing a fluid in an interior channel of the reusable instrument
to clean the interior channel.
[0040] In one aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes disposing a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) in a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization chamber, a
disinfection chamber), and at least partially disposing a cleaning
device within the interior channel of the reusable instrument to
clean the interior channel of the reusable instrument.
[0041] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes disposing a reusable
instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as an
endoscope) in a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization chamber, a
disinfection chamber), and disposing a cleaning device adjacent an
exterior surface of the reusable instrument to remove contaminants
from the exterior surface of the reusable instrument.
[0042] In a further aspect, the invention features a computer
program product residing on a computer readable medium having a
plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by
one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause
the occurrence of a process. The process includes disposing a
reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable medical instrument, such as
an endoscope) in a treatment chamber (e.g., a sterilization
chamber, a disinfection chamber), and disposing a fluid into an
interior channel of the reusable instrument to clean the interior
channel.
[0043] In one aspect, the invention features an endoscopic device
that includes an endoscope body and a light source. The endoscope
body includes an elongated portion having a proximal end, a distal
end, and a longitudinal channel extending from the proximal end to
the distal end, where the longitudinal channel is sealed at the
distal end. The endoscope body also includes a manipulation portion
having an interior, where the manipulation portion is coupled to
the proximal end of the elongated portion. The light source is
disposed in the interior of the manipulation portion. The light
source is in optical communication with the distal end of the
elongated portion through the longitudinal channel.
[0044] In another aspect, the invention features an endoscopic
device that includes an endoscope body and a pressure regulator.
The endoscope body has an interior, an exterior, and an opening
capable of allowing fluid communication between the interior and
exterior. The pressure regulator is coupled to the opening in the
endoscope body so that the pressure regulator is capable of
regulating fluid communication between the interior of the
endoscope and the exterior of the endoscope.
[0045] In a further aspect, the invention features a system that
includes an endoscope body and a pressure regulator. The endoscope
body has an interior, an exterior, and an opening capable of
allowing fluid communication between the interior and exterior. The
pressure regulator is coupled to the opening in the endoscope. The
system also includes a gas source coupled to the pressure
regulator. The pressure regulator and the gas source are configured
so that the pressure gas source is capable of regulating fluid
communication between the gas source and the interior of the
endoscope body. The gas source is capable of removing gas from the
interior of the endoscope body or adding gas to the interior of the
endoscope body.
[0046] In one aspect, the invention features a method of operating
an endoscope. The endoscope has a proximal end, a distal end and a
longitudinal channel extending from the proximal end to the distal
end. The method includes generating light in the proximal end of
the endoscope, and transmitting the light generated in the proximal
end of the endoscope to the distal end of the endoscope through the
longitudinal channel.
[0047] In another aspect, the invention features a method of
sterilizing an endoscope. The endoscope has an interior, an
exterior, and a distal end. The method includes sterilizing a
portion of the interior of the endoscope while maintaining a
pressure differential between the interior of the endoscope and the
exterior of the endoscope of at most about five psi. The portion of
the interior of the endoscope is sealed at the distal end of the
endoscope.
[0048] In a further aspect, the invention features a method that
includes determining a pressure differential between the interior
of the endoscope and the exterior of the endoscope while the
endoscope is disposed in a treatment chamber, and regulating a
pressure in the interior of the endoscope based on the pressure
differential while the endoscope is disposed in the treatment
chamber.
[0049] In one aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes transmitting light
from a proximal end of an endoscope to a distal end of the
endoscope through a longitudinal channel.
[0050] In another aspect, the invention features a computer program
product residing on a computer readable medium having a plurality
of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by one or more
processors, cause the one or more processors to cause the
occurrence of a process. The process includes sterilizing at least
a portion of an interior of an endoscope while maintaining a
pressure differential between the interior of the endoscope and an
exterior of the endoscope of at most about five psi.
[0051] In a further aspect, the invention features a computer
program product residing on a computer readable medium having a
plurality of instructions stored thereon which, when executed by
one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to cause
the occurrence of a process. The process includes determining a
pressure differential between the interior of an endoscope and the
exterior of the endoscope while the endoscope is disposed in a
treatment chamber, and regulating a pressure in the interior of the
endoscope based on the pressure differential while the endoscope is
disposed in the treatment chamber.
[0052] In certain embodiments, the methods allow data (e.g., data
corresponding to the current status, historical status, and/or
historical use for one or more reusable instruments, such as an
endoscope) to be efficiently and accurately maintained, updated and
accessed. Such data can include, for example, the sterilization
status of the reusable instrument (e.g., the reusable medical
instrument), the payment status of a client account associated with
the reusable medical instrument (e.g., fully paid, delinquent,
etc.), the maintenance status of the reusable instrument (e.g.,
whether the instrument has been used more than a predetermined
number of times since it last underwent a maintenance procedure),
and the supply status of the reusable instrument (e.g., whether the
instrument has been used more than a predetermined number of times
since the user was last provided appropriate supplies for the
instrument).
[0053] Efficient, accurate and practical methods of charging a
client for use of a medical instrument (e.g., a reusable medical
instrument, such as an endoscope) are provided. The methods can
allow, for example, for the client to be charged on a pay-per-use
basis, or a pay-per-batch basis (per predetermined number of uses).
The client can pay before or after use of the reusable instrument.
In some embodiments, the charge to the client can be based on a
number of factors, such as, for example, the identity of the client
(e.g., whether the client is a private individual, a member of a
professional organization, a private insurance agency, a private
health maintenance organization, or a government agency), the
number of times the client has used the medical instrument, the
total number of times the client has used the reusable instrument,
the number of times the client has used the treatment chamber
(e.g., sterilization chamber, disinfection chamber), the total
number of times the client has used any reusable instrument (e.g.,
as tracked by the system), the total number of times the client has
used any treatment chamber (e.g., as tracked by the system), the
time of day that the client used the instrument, and the frequency
(e.g., on a per year basis, on a per month basis, on a per week
basis) that the client has used the instrument.
[0054] Endoscopes are provided that have an indicator that provides
the identity of the endoscope (as unique from all endoscopes). The
identity can be based, for example, on the serial number of the
endoscope or the product number of the endoscope.
[0055] Sensing devices are provided that can read information
(e.g., identity, sterilization status, procedure enablement status)
for a reusable instrument (e.g., reusable medical instrument, such
as an endoscope). The sensing devices can be included in a system
(e.g., a treatment chamber, such as a sterilization chamber), or
the devices can be, for example, hand held. This can reduce the
complexity associated with maintaining and tracking reusable
instruments (e.g., reusable medical instruments, such as
endoscopes), as well as reduce the complexity associated with
billing for their use.
[0056] Endoscopes are provided that are untethered (can be used
without external light sources, power sources, communication
cables, etc.). This can reduce the cost and/or complexity
associated with using, assembling and/or maintaining an
endoscope.
[0057] Endoscopes are provided that can wirelessly transmit
information (e.g., video data, endoscope position data) for
display, for example, on an external monitor. This can reduce the
complexity associated with using an endoscope in a medical
procedure.
[0058] Reusable instrument treatment chambers (e.g., sterilization
chambers, disinfection chambers) are provided that can be used to
clean a reusable instrument (e.g., reusable medical instrument,
such as an endoscope) to remove detritus with reduced cost and/or
complexity.
[0059] Reusable instruments (e.g., reusable medical instruments)
are provided that can be coupled to a pressure regulator to reduce
pressure differentials during treatment (e.g., sterilization) of
the instruments. This can result in a longer useful lifetime for
the instruments. This can also reduce the presence of moisture
(e.g., steam, water droplets) in undesirable portions of the
interior of the reusable medical instrument (e.g., on optics in the
elongated portion of an endoscope).
[0060] Features, objects and advantages of the invention are in the
description, drawings and claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0061] FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of
using, cleaning, sterilizing and tracking an endoscope;
[0062] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an
endoscope;
[0063] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the manipulation portion
of the endoscope of FIG. 2;
[0064] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the elongated portion of
the endoscope of FIG. 2;
[0065] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system
for reading an identity indicator;
[0066] FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the elongated
portion of the endoscope of FIG. 2;
[0067] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system
for wirelessly transmitting data from the endoscope of FIG. 2;
[0068] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a
sterilization chamber;
[0069] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system
for reading an identity indicator;
[0070] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the
sterilization chamber of FIG. 8;
[0071] FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the
sterilization chamber of FIG. 8;
[0072] FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the
sterilization chamber of FIG. 8;
[0073] FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the
sterilization chamber of FIG. 8 containing the endoscope of FIG.
2;
[0074] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system
for reading an identity indicator;
[0075] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an
endoscope holder;
[0076] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a
docking station for the endoscope holder of FIG. 15; and
[0077] FIG. 17 is a flow chart for an embodiment of a method of
charging a client for use of an endoscope.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0078] FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method 100 of using an endoscope
in a medical procedure, and subsequently cleaning and sterilizing
the endoscope. First, the sterilization status (whether the
endoscope has been sterilized since last used in a medical
procedure) and the medical procedure enablement status (the status
of one or more medical procedure enablement status factors, such
as, for example, payment status, maintenance status, supply status)
are determined (110). If the sterilization status and medical
procedure enablement status are appropriate, the endoscope is used
in a medical procedure (120), and the sterilization status and
medical procedure enablement status of the endoscope are then
updated (130). The endoscope is subsequently matched with an
appropriate sterilization chamber (140), cleaned to at least
partially remove detritus from the endoscope (150), and sterilized
(160). Finally, the sterilization status and medical procedure
enablement status of the endoscope are again updated (170).
[0079] Method 100 also allows certain information associated with
the endoscope to be tracked during the process. As an example, the
sterilization status of the endoscope can be tracked. This
information can be used, for example, to reduce the risk of using
the endoscope in multiple medical procedures without sterilizing
the endoscope between uses. As another example, the medical
procedure enablement status of the endoscope can be tracked. This
information can be used, for example, to determine whether a client
associated with the endoscope has been making appropriate payments
for use of the endoscope (e.g., to disable the endoscope if the
client account is delinquent), to reduce the risk of using the
endoscope if it has not been properly maintained (e.g., to disable
the endoscope if the endoscope has been used more than a
predetermined number of times since it last underwent a maintenance
procedure), and/or to reduce the risk that an operator will run out
of supplies for the endoscope (e.g., to disable the endoscope if
the endoscope has been used more than a predetermined number of
times since the client was last provided supplies for the
endoscope).
[0080] Endoscope Design
[0081] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an endoscope 1000 having a
manipulation portion 1100 coupled to an elongated portion 1200.
Manipulation portion 1100 is generally configured to remain outside
a subject during use of endoscope 1000, and elongated portion 1200
is generally configured to be at least partially disposed within a
subject during use of endoscope 1000. As explained below, endoscope
1000 is untethered (can be operated as an individual unit without
being physically connected to external devices, such as light
sources, power sources, communication cables or the like).
Typically, endoscope 1000 is formed of one or more materials that
can withstand sterilization conditions. Exemplary materials include
Sil-Kore (W.L. Gore & Associates, Incorporated), Radel R-5000
(A.L. Hyde Company), stainless steel, autoclavable
polytetrafluoroethylenes and autoclavable polypropylenes.
[0082] In general, endoscope 1000 is configured to be disposed
within a body cavity (e.g., colon, stomach, esophagus, bronchi,
larynx, urethra, kidneys, bladder, ear, nose) of a subject (e.g., a
human, an animal) during use in a medical procedure. Examples of
endoscopes include colonoscopes, gastroscopes, cystoscopes,
laparoscopes, arthroscopes, and transesophageal ultrasonic
instruments.
[0083] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, manipulation portion 1100
includes an opening 1105, a seal 1110 in opening 1105, a control
device 1120 (e.g., a switch, a hand wheel, a joystick), a control
device 1130 (e.g., a switch, a valve, a hand wheel, a joystick),
and a wireless transmitter 1125 (e.g., an IEEE 802.11 standard
compatible wireless transmitter, a SIG Bluetooth standard
compatible wireless transmitter), an image processor 1155 coupled
to transmitter 1125, an identity indicator 1140, a sterilization
status indicator 1150, a medical procedure enablement status
indicator 1160, a sterilization chamber match indicator 1165, a
light source 1170 (e.g., an incandescent light source, a florescent
light source, a solid-state light source, an arc light source, a
gas discharge light source) and corresponding power source 1175
(e.g., a battery, Such as a rechargeable battery) housed inside
wall 1180 of manipulation region 1100.
[0084] Referring to FIG. 2, elongated portion 1200 includes a
proximal end 1210 coupled to manipulation portion 1100, a flexible
portion 1215, and a distal end 1220. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5,
elongated portion 1200 has a wall 1230 that houses steering cables
1240, 1250, 1260 and 1270 that extend to distal end 1220, and are
sealed at distal end 1220. Cables 1240, 1250, 1260 and 1270 are
coupled (e.g., mechanically coupled, electrically coupled) to
control devices 1120 and/or 1130 so that elongated portion 1200 can
be positioned using the control device(s). Wall 1230 also houses an
optical guide 1280 (e.g., a fiber optic conductor, a light
transmissive cylinder, or a liquid-filled tube) that extends to
distal end 1220, and is sealed at distal end 1220. Optical guide
1280 is optically coupled to light source 1270 (e.g., by contacting
a flat surface of light source 1170 with a flat surface of optical
guide 1280) so that light emitted by light Source 1170 can travel
along optical guide 1280 to distal end 1220. Wall 1230 further
houses a working channel 1275 that extends to distal end 1220, and
is open at distal end 1220. Working channel 1275 can be used, for
example, to couple a medical tool at distal end 1220 with a control
device on manipulation portion 1100, thereby allowing manipulation
of the medical instrument using the control device. Wall 1230 also
houses an optical image cable 1290 (e.g., a fiber optic conductor,
wires conducting a video signal) adjacent distal end 1220, and is
sealed at distal end 1220.
[0085] Use of Endoscope in a Medical Procedure
[0086] Generally, before using endoscope 1000 in a medical
procedure, the sterilization status of endoscope 1000 (whether
endoscope 1000 has been sterilized since last used in a medical
procedure) and the medical procedure enablement status of endoscope
1000 (the status of one or more medical procedure enablement status
factors, such as, for example, payment status, maintenance status,
supply status) are determined. The sterilization status of
endoscope 1000 can generally be determined by inspecting
sterilization indicator 1150, and/or by using identity indicator
1140 (see discussion below). Similarly, the medical procedure
enablement status of endoscope 1000 can generally be determined by
inspecting medical procedure enablement status indicator 1160,
and/or by using identity indicator 1140 (see discussion below).
After verifying that both the sterilization status and the
enablement status of endoscope 1000 are appropriate (e.g.,
endoscope 1000 has been sterilized since last used in a medical
procedure, the account for the client associated with endoscope
1000 is not delinquent, endoscope 1000 has not been used more than
a predetermined number of times since last undergoing a maintenance
procedure, endoscope 1000 has not been used more than a
predetermined number of times since the client was last provided
supplies for endoscope 1000), endoscope 1000 can be used in a
medical procedure.
[0087] Sterilization Status Indicator
[0088] In general, sterilization status indicator 1150 can be
disposed in the interior of endoscope 1000 (e.g., in the interior
of manipulation portion 1100, in the interior of elongated portion
1200), disposed on an exterior surface of endoscope 1000 (on an
exterior surface of manipulation portion 1100, on the exterior
surface of manipulation portion 1100), or integrally formed with
endoscope 1000 (integrally formed with manipulation portion 1100,
integrally formed with elongated portion 1200).
[0089] In some embodiments, sterilization status indicator 1150 can
be visually inspected to determine the sterilization status of
endoscope 1000. As an example, indicator 1150 can be formed of a
material that changes color when exposed to sterilization
conditions (e.g., from red to green), and again changes color
(e.g., from green to red) when more than a predetermined period of
time lapses after sterilization (e.g., more than about one day,
more than about one week) or when endoscope 1000 is exposed to
conditions similar to those experienced during a medical procedure
(e.g., when endoscope 1000 is held at a temperature of about
37.degree. C., when endoscope 1000 is exposed to body fluids). As
another example, indicator 1150 can be formed of a material that
forms an image whose visibility changes (e.g., from nonvisible to
visible, or from visible to nonvisible) when exposed to a
sterilization cycle (e.g., so that a word, such as STERILIZED,
appears on endoscope 1000 when exposed to sterilization, or so that
a word, such as NONSTERILIZED, becomes nonvisible on endoscope 1000
when exposed to sterilization), and whose image reverts back to its
prior state (visible to nonvisible, or nonvisible to visible) when
more than a predetermined period of time lapses after sterilization
(e.g., more than about one day, more than about one week) or when
endoscope 1000 is exposed to conditions similar to those
experienced during a medical procedure (e.g., when endoscope 1000
is held at a temperature of about 37.degree. C., when endoscope
1000 is exposed to body fluids). As a further example, indicator
1150 can be a marker (e.g., a colored marker) used in conjunction
with a sleeve that moves to a certain position with respect to
indicator 1150 when exposed to sterilization (e.g., sleeve moves to
cover indicator 1150, or sleeve moves to expose indicator 1150),
and that moves to a different position (e.g., sleeve moves to
expose indicator 1150, or sleeve moves to cover indicator 1150)
when more than a predetermined period of time lapses after
sterilization (e.g., more than about one day, more than about one
week) or when endoscope 1000 is exposed to conditions similar to
those experienced during a medical procedure (e.g., when endoscope
1000 is held at a temperature of about 37.degree. C., when
endoscope 1000 is exposed to body fluids).
[0090] In certain embodiments, sterilization status indicator 1150
contains information indicating the sterilization status of
endoscope 1000 (e.g., sterilized since last used in a medical
procedure, or not sterilized since last used in a medical
procedure) that is designed to be read by a sensor (e.g., a hand
held sensor) to determine the sterilization status of endoscope
1000 without knowing the identity of endoscope 1000. Such
indicator/sensor systems include, for example, magnetic systems,
inductance systems, electrical systems, optical systems, and/or
mechanical systems. As an example, indicator 1150 and the sensor
can be complimentary components of a mating key and socket
mechanism. As another example, indicator 1150 and the sensor can be
complimentary components of a passive electrical system (e.g.,
indicator 1150 is a passive electrical device, and the sensor is a
sensor for such passive electrical devices). As a further example,
indicator 1150 and the sensor can be complimentary components of a
magnetic system (e.g., indicator 1150 is a magnetic binary code and
the sensor has Hall effect sensors). As another example, indicator
1150 and the sensor can be complimentary components of a bar code
system (e.g., indicator 1150 can be a bar code, and the sensor can
be a bar code reader). As a further example, indicator 1150 and the
sensor can be complimentary components to a dot code system (e.g.,
indicator 1150 can be a dot code, and the sensor can be a dot code
reader). As a further example, indicator 1150 and the sensor can be
complimentary components of an induction system (e.g., a passive
induction system, such as a TIRIS system from Texas
Instruments).
[0091] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the sterilization status of endoscope 1000 can be
determined by turning on power source 1175 and determining whether
light is emitted by light source 1170 (e.g., by visually inspecting
the distal end of optical guide 1280). As an example, endoscope
1000 can be designed so that, during sterilization, a thermal
switch (e.g., a bimetallic switch) positions a flag outside the
optical path between light source 1170 and optical guide 1280, and
so that, when more than a predetermined period of time lapses after
sterilization (e.g., more than about one day, more than about one
week) or when endoscope 1000 is exposed to conditions similar to
those experienced during a medical procedure (e.g., when endoscope
1000 is held at a temperature of about 37.degree. C., when
endoscope 1000 is exposed to body fluids), the flag is positioned
between light source 1170 and optical guide 2180 so that the flag
blocks optical communication between light source 1170 and guide
1280. As another example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so that,
during a sterilization cycle, a thermal switch (e.g., bimetallic
spring) causes the focus to shift when the sterilization chamber
begins to heat up, and resets the focus after the sterilization
cycle. As an additional example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so
that, during sterilization, an electrical connection between power
source 1175 and light source 1170 is connected, and so that, when
more than a predetermined period of time lapses after sterilization
(e.g., more than about one day, more than about one week) or when
endoscope 1000 is exposed to conditions similar to those
experienced during a medical procedure (e.g., when endoscope 1000
is held at a temperature of about 37.degree. C., when endoscope
1000 is exposed to body fluids), the electrical connection between
power source 1175 and light source 1170 is disconnected. As a
further example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, during
sterilization of endoscope 1000, power source 1175 is recharged (by
removing power source 1175 from endoscope 1000 and charging power
supply 1175 in a separate compartment while endoscope 1000 is being
sterilized, or by charging power source 1175 during sterilization
without removal from endoscope 1000), and so that when more than a
predetermined period of time lapses after sterilization (e.g., more
than about one day, more than about one week) or when endoscope
1000 is exposed to conditions similar to those experienced during a
medical procedure (e.g., when endoscope 1000 is held at a
temperature of about 37.degree. C., when endoscope 1000 is exposed
to body fluids), power source 1175 is discharged.
[0092] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the sterilization status of endoscope 1000 can be
determined by turning on power source 1175 and determining whether
light transmitted from distal end 1220 along optical image cable
1290 to manipulation portion 1100 (e.g., by determining whether
processor 1155 receives a signal from cable 1290). As an example,
endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, during sterilization, a
thermal switch (e.g., a bimetallic switch) positions a flag outside
the optical path between the distal end of cable 1290 and processor
1155, and so that, when more than a predetermined period of time
lapses after sterilization (e.g., more than about one day, more
than about one week) or when endoscope 1000 is exposed to
conditions similar to those experienced during a medical procedure
(e.g., when endoscope 1000 is held at a temperature of about
37.degree. C., when endoscope 1000 is exposed to body fluids), the
flag is positioned between the distal end of cable 1290 and
processor 1155 so that the flag blocks optical communication
between the distal end of cable 190 and processor 1155.
[0093] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the sterilization status of endoscope 1000 can be
determined by determining whether an articulation mechanism of
endoscope 1000 works. For example, endoscope 1000 can be designed
so that, during a sterilization cycle, a thermal switch (e.g.,
bimetallic spring) applies a brake to an articulation mechanism
when the autoclave heats up, and the sterilization system releases
the brake upon completion of the sterilization cycle.
[0094] Medical Procedure Enablement Status Indicator
[0095] In general, medical procedure enablement status indicator
1160 can be disposed in the interior of endoscope 1000 (e.g., in
the interior of manipulation portion 1100, in the interior of
elongated portion 1200), disposed on an exterior surface of
endoscope 1000 (on an exterior surface of manipulation portion
1100, on the exterior surface of manipulation portion 1100), or
integrally formed with endoscope 1000 (integrally formed with
manipulation portion 1100, integrally formed with elongated portion
1200).
[0096] In some embodiments, medical procedure enablement status
indicator 1160 can be visually inspected to determine the medical
procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000. As an example,
indicator 1160 can be formed of a material that has one color if a
given medical procedure enablement status factor associated with
endoscope 1000 has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than
a predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), and a
different color if the factor has a different status (account
delinquent, more than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope
1000 since its last maintenance procedure, more than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since supply
materials were acquired). As another example, indicator 1160 can be
formed of a material that forms an image that has one visibility
status (e.g., nonvisible, visible) if a given medical procedure
enablement status factor associated with endoscope 1000 has a
particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than a predetermined
number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance
procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope
1000 since supply materials were acquired), and a different
visibility status (e.g., visible or nonvisible) if the factor has a
different status (account delinquent, more than a predetermined
number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance
procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope
1000 since supply materials were acquired). As a further example,
indicator 1160 can be a marker (e.g., a colored marker) used in
conjunction with a sleeve that moves to a certain position with
respect to indicator 1160 (e.g., sleeve moves to cover indicator
1160, or sleeve moves to expose indicator 1160) if a given medical
procedure enablement status factor associated with endoscope 1000
has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), and that
moves to a different position (e.g., sleeve moves to expose
indicator 1160, or sleeve moves to cover indicator 1160) if the
factor has a different status (account delinquent, more than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired).
[0097] In certain embodiments, medical procedure enablement status
indicator 1160 contains information regarding the medical procedure
enablement status of endoscope 1000 (e.g., account payment status,
endoscope 1000 maintenance status, endoscope 1000 supply status)
that is designed to be read by a sensor (e.g., a hand held sensor)
to determine the medical procedure enablement status of endoscope
1000 without knowing the identity of endoscope 1000. Such
indicator/sensor systems include, for example, magnetic systems,
inductance systems, electrical systems, optical systems, and/or
mechanical systems. As an example, indicator 1160 and the sensor
can be complimentary components of a mating key and socket
mechanism. As another example, indicator 1160 and the sensor can be
complimentary components of a passive electrical system (e.g.,
indicator 1160 is a passive electrical device, and the sensor is a
sensor for such passive electrical devices). As a further example,
indicator 1160 and the sensor can be complimentary components of a
magnetic system (e.g., indicator 1160 is a magnetic binary code and
the sensor has Hall effect sensors). As another example, indicator
1160 and the sensor can be complimentary components of a bar code
system (e.g., indicator 1160 can be a bar code, and the sensor can
be a bar code reader). As a further example, indicator 1160 and the
sensor can be complimentary components to a dot code system (e.g.,
indicator 1160 can be a dot code, and the sensor can be a dot code
reader). As a further example, indicator 1160 and the sensor can be
complimentary components of an induction system (e.g., a passive
induction system, such as a TIRIS system from Texas
Instruments).
[0098] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the medical procedure enablement status of
endoscope 1000 can be determined by turning on power source 1175
and determining whether light is emitted by light source 1170
(e.g., by visually inspecting the distal end of optical guide
1280). As an example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, if a
given medical procedure enablement status factor associated with
endoscope 1000 has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than
a predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), a flag is
positioned outside the optical path between light source 1170 and
optical guide 1280, and so that, if the factor has a different
status (account delinquent, more than a predetermined number of
uses of endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance procedure, more
than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since supply
materials were acquired), the flag is positioned between light
source 1170 and optical guide 1280 so that the flag blocks optical
communication between light source 1170 and guide 1280. As another
example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, if a given medical
procedure enablement status factor associated with endoscope 1000
has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), the optics in
endoscope 1000 are properly focused, and so that, if the factor has
a different status (account delinquent, more than a predetermined
number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance
procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope
1000 since supply materials were acquired), the optics are not
properly focused. As an additional example, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that, if a given medical procedure enablement status
factor associated with endoscope 1000 has a particular status
(e.g., fully paid, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance procedure, less than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since supply
materials were acquired), an electrical connection between power
source 1175 and light source 1170 is connected, and so that, if the
factor has a different status (account delinquent, more than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), the
connection is disconnected. As a further example, endoscope 1000
can be designed so that, if a given medical procedure enablement
status factor associated with endoscope 1000 has a particular
status (e.g., fully paid, less than a predetermined number of uses
of endoscope 1000 since its last maintenance procedure, less than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since supply
materials were acquired), power source 1175 is charged, and so
that, if the factor has a different status (account delinquent,
more than a predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since
its last maintenance procedure, more than a predetermined number of
uses of endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), power
source 1175 is discharged.
[0099] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the medical procedure enablement status of
endoscope 1000 can be determined by turning on power source 1175
and determining whether light transmitted from distal end 1220
along optical image cable 1290 to manipulation portion 1100 (e.g.,
by determining whether processor 1155 receives a signal from cable
1290). As an example, endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, if a
given medical procedure enablement status factor associated with
endoscope 1000 has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than
a predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), a flag is
positioned outside the optical path between the distal end of cable
1290 and processor 1155, and so that if the medical procedure
enablement status factor associated with endoscope 1000 has a
different status (e.g., account delinquent, more than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), the flag is
positioned between the distal end of cable 1290 and processor 1155
so that the flag blocks optical communication between the distal
end of cable 190 and processor 1155.
[0100] Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can be
designed so that the medical procedure enablement status of
endoscope 1000 can be determined by determining whether an
articulation mechanism of endoscope 1000 works. For example,
endoscope 1000 can be designed so that, if a given medical
procedure enablement status factor associated with endoscope 1000
has a particular status (e.g., fully paid, less than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, less than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), an
articulation element functions properly, and so that, if the factor
has a different status (e.g., account delinquent, more than a
predetermined number of uses of endoscope 1000 since its last
maintenance procedure, more than a predetermined number of uses of
endoscope 1000 since supply materials were acquired), the
articulation element is prevented from functioning properly (e.g.,
by applying a brake to the articulation mechanism).
[0101] Identity Indicator
[0102] In some embodiments, the sterilization status and/or medical
procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 is determined by
reading identity indicator 1140 (e.g., without reading
sterilization status indicator 1150 and/or medical procedure
enablement status indicator 1160). Referring to FIG. 6, an identity
sensor 1142 reads data from identity indicator 1140 (data
corresponding to the identity of endoscope 1000), and passes the
data to data processor 1144 (e.g., a computer). Based on the data
from indicator 1140, data processor 1144 accesses appropriate data
(e.g., sterilization status data, medical procedure enablement
status data) for endoscope 1000 contained in a database stored on a
data storage device 1146 (e.g., a hard disk drive, a random access
memory, a read-only memory).
[0103] In certain embodiments, data processor 1144 may be in
communication with one or more status adjustment devices (e.g., a
sterilization status adjustment device, a medical procedure
enablement status adjustment device) so that processor 1144 can
instruct the device to change the status of one or more indicators
for endoscope 1000 (e.g., to change the status of sterilization
status indicator 1150, to change the status of medical procedure
enablement device status indicator 1160) based on the information
that processor 1144 receives from device 1146. Processor 1144 can
also send appropriate data to device 1146 to update data contained
in the database contained on device 1146 for endoscope 1000 (e.g.,
to update data in the database for endoscope 1000 to indicate that
the sterilization status for endoscope 1000 has changed, to update
data in the database for endoscope 1000 to indicate that the
medical procedure enablement status for endoscope 1000 has
changed). For example, referring to FIG. 6, processor 1144 is in
communication with a status adjustment device 1500 (e.g., a
sterilization indicator status adjustment device, a medical
procedure enablement status adjustment device) that is configured
to change the status of an indicator 1502 (e.g., a sterilization
status indicator, a medical procedure enablement status indicator)
for endoscope 1000, and processor 1144 is also in communication
with device 1146 to appropriately update data in the database for
endoscope 1000.
[0104] In some embodiments, status adjustment device 1500 forms a
complimentary component of indicator 1502 (e.g., a magnetic device,
an inductance device, an electrical device, an optical device, a
mechanical device). As an example, device 1500 and indicator 1502
can be complimentary components of a mating key and socket
mechanism so that device 1500 can change the position of indicator
1502, thereby changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by
indicator 1502. As another example, device 1500 and indicator 1502
can be complimentary components of a passive electrical system so
that device 1500 can change a passive electrical property of
indicator 1502, thereby changing the status of endoscope 1000 as
indicated by indicator 1502. As a further example, device 1500 and
indicator 1502 can be complimentary components of a magnetic system
so that device 1500 can change a magnetic property of indicator
1502, thereby changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by
indicator 1502. As another example, device 1500 and indicator 1502
can be complimentary components of a bar code system so that device
1500 can change the bar code of indicator 1502, thereby changing
the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by indicator 1502. As a
further example, device 1500 and indicator 1502 can be
complimentary components of a dot code system so that device 1500
can change the dot code of indicator 1502, thereby changing the
status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by indicator 1502. As another
example, device 1500 and indicator 1502 can be complimentary
components of an induction system so that device 1500 can change
the passive induction properties of indicator 1502, thereby
changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by indicator
1502. As an additional example, device 1500 can be capable of
heating endoscope 1500 to affect a color change in indicator 1502,
thereby changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by
indicator 1500. As a further example, indicator 1502 can be capable
of heating endoscope 1000 to affect a change in the visibility
(e.g., visible to nonvisible, nonvisible to visible) of indicator
1502, thereby changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by
indicator 1502. As another example, indicator 1502 can be capable
of changing the position of a sleeve relative to indicator 1502
(e.g., indicator 1502 covered by sleeve to indicator 1502 not
covered by sleeve, indicator 1502 not covered by sleeve to
indicator 1502 covered by sleeve) on endoscope 1000, thereby
changing the status of endoscope 1000 as indicated by indicator
1502.
[0105] In certain embodiments, status adjustment device 1500 can
adjust the status of endoscope 1000 (e.g., sterilization status,
medical procedure enablement status) without interacting with
indicator 1502 (e.g., sterilization status indicator, medical
procedure enablement status indicator). As an example, device 1500
can be capable of changing (e.g., by thermally activating a
bimetallic spring) the position of a flag so that the flag is
positioned in/outside the optical path between light source 1175
and the distal end of optical guide 1280. As another example,
device 1500 can be capable of changing (e.g., by thermally
activating a bimetallic spring) the focus of the optics in
endoscope 1000. As an additional example, device 1500 can be
capable of connecting/disconnecting (e.g., by thermally activating
a bimetallic switch) an electrical connection between power source
1175 and light source 1170, or between a power source and a video
camera. As a further example, device 1500 can be capable of
charging/discharging power source. As another example, device 1500
can be capable of applying/removing a brake on an articulation
mechanism of endoscope 1000.
[0106] Performing a Medical Procedure
[0107] After verifying that both the sterilization status and
medical procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 are
appropriate, endoscope 1000 can be used by an operator (e.g., a
surgeon) in a medical procedure as follows.
[0108] The operator turns on power source 1175 (e.g., using a
control device on manipulation portion 1100) so that light travels
from light source 1170 and along optical guide 1280 to distal end
1220 where the light illuminates a region inside the subject that
is adjacent distal end 1220. Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, optical
image cable 1290 is coupled to an image processor 1155, which, in
turn, is coupled to wireless transmitter 1125 so that visual data
received by cable 1290 is wirelessly transmitted by transmitter
1125. Transmitter 1125 is coupled to a data processor 1255 (e.g.,
via a wireless receiver), which, in turn, is coupled to a display
device 1265 (e.g., a video monitor) so that the data transmitted by
transmitter 1125 is displayed on display device 1265. The operator
of endoscope 1000 analyzes the displayed information, and uses
control devices 1120 and/or 1130 to manipulate flexible portion
1215 via steering guides 1240, 1250, 1260 and/or 1270 to adjust the
position of elongated portion 1200 within the subject.
Alternatively or additionally, wireless transmitter 1125 can be
used in conjunction with a receiver (e.g., an RF receiver) to
provide data corresponding to the position of distal end 1220
within the subject, and the wirelessly received signal can be used,
for example, to position endoscope 1000 within the subject.
Alternatively or additionally, endoscope 1000 can include a
receiver configured to receive a wireless transmission (e.g., from
a wireless transmitter outside the subject). Optionally, a medical
tool (e.g., a cauterizing apparatus, a cutting apparatus, a
clamping apparatus, an irrigation apparatus, a suction apparatus, a
pressurization apparatus, an inspection apparatus, a marking
apparatus, an illumination apparatus, a retrieval apparatus) can be
positioned at distal end 1220 and coupled to a control device on
manipulation portion 1100 through working channel 1175 so that the
medical instrument can be manipulated (e.g., based on the visual
information and/or position information) using a control device
(e.g., positioned on manipulation portion 1100).
[0109] Updating Endoscope Status
[0110] After using endoscope 1000 in a medical procedure, the
sterilization status and/or medical procedure enablement status of
endoscope 1000 can be updated.
[0111] In some embodiments, using endoscope 1000 in a medical
procedure automatically updates sterilization status of endoscope
1000 (e.g., as indicated by sterilization status indicator 1150) to
indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been sterilized since last
used in a medical procedure. As an example, indicator 1150 may
change color (e.g., green to red) to indicate that endoscope 1000
has not been sterilized since last used in a medical procedure. As
another example, indicator 1150 may display a word (e.g.,
NONSTERILIZED) to indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been
sterilized since last used in a medical procedure. As a further
example, indicator 1150 may cover/not cover a marker on endoscope
1000 to indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been sterilized since
last used in a medical procedure. In some embodiments, the distal
end of optical guide 1280 may not emit light when power source 1175
is turned on to indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been
sterilized since last used in a medical procedure. In certain
embodiments, an articulation element may fail to function properly
to indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been sterilized since last
used in a medical procedure.
[0112] In certain embodiments, using the endoscope in a medical
procedure automatically updates the medical procedure enablement
status of endoscope 1000 (e.g., as indicated by indicator 1160) to
indicate that endoscope 1000 should not be used in a medical
procedure and/or to prevent endoscope 1000 from being used in a
medical procedure (e.g., by disabling endoscope 1000 from being
capable of being used in a medical procedure). As an example,
indicator 1160 may change color (e.g., green to red) to indicate
that endoscope 1000 should not be used in a medical procedure. As
another example, indicator 1160 may display a word (e.g., DISABLED)
to indicate that endoscope 1000 should not be used in a medical
procedure. As a further example, indicator 1150 may cover/not cover
a marker on endoscope 1000 to indicate that endoscope 1000 should
not be used in a medical procedure. In some embodiments, the distal
end of optical guide 1280 may not emit light when power source 1175
is turned on to indicate that endoscope 1000 has been disabled from
being used in a medical procedure. In certain embodiments, an
articulation element may fail to function properly to indicate that
endoscope 1000 has been disabled from being used in a medical
procedure.
[0113] In some embodiments, the sterilization status and/or medical
procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 is updated using
identity indicator 1140 (e.g., without updating sterilization
status indicator 1150 and/or medical procedure enablement status
indicator 1160). For example, again referring to FIG. 6, identity
sensor 1142 reads data from identity indicator 1140 (data
corresponding to the identity of endoscope 1000), and passes the
data to data processor 1144. Processor 1144 sends appropriate data
to device 1146 to update data contained in the database contained
on device 1146 for endoscope 1000 (e.g., to update data in the
database for endoscope 1000 to indicate that endoscope 1000 has not
been sterilized since last used in a medical procedure). Processor
1144 may instruct status adjustment device 1500 to update the
status of an indicator (e.g., a sterilization status indicator)
using an appropriate status adjustment device (see discussion
above). In some embodiments, processor 1144 may read certain data
for endoscope 1000 in the database for endoscope 1000 on device
1146 (e.g., medical procedure enablement status data), and update
the status of the corresponding indicator (e.g., medical procedure
enablement status indicator) for endoscope 1000 (see discussion
above).
[0114] Cleaning and Sterilization of Endoscope
[0115] In general, after use in a medical procedure, endoscope 1000
is cleaned to remove detritus, and then sterilized.
[0116] Sterilization Chamber
[0117] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a sterilization chamber
2000 configured to clean and sterilize endoscope 1000.
Sterilization chamber 2000 has a wall 2050 that houses an identity
sensor 2100, a sterilization status adjustment device 2200, a
medical procedure enablement status adjustment device 2300, a
sterilization match sensor 2250, a cleaning device 2400 designed to
clean the interior of working channel 1275, a cleaning device 2500
designed to clean the exterior surface of wall 1230, a fluid
emission device 2600 designed to emit a fluid into working channel
1275, a pressure regulator 1145, a pressure sensor 2700, a
temperature sensor 2800, a timer 2900, and a communication device
2950 (e.g., a wireless transmitter, a transmitter electrically
connected to processor 1144, a transmitter optically connected to
processor 1144, a wireless receiver, a receiver electrically
connected to processor 1144, a receiver optically connected to
processor 1144, a wireless transmitter/receiver, a
transmitter/receiver electrically connected to processor 1144, a
transmitter/receiver optically connected to processor 1144). Each
of sensor 2100, device 2200, device 2300, sensor 2250, device 2300,
device 2400, device 2500, sensor 2700, sensor 2800, sensor 2900,
and/or device 2950 can be integral with chamber 2000, disposed in
the interior of chamber 2000, or disposed on the exterior of
chamber 2000.
[0118] Matching Endoscope and Sterilization Chamber
[0119] Sterilization chamber 2000 is designed to ensure that
endoscope 1000 is properly matched with chamber 2000 (e.g., to
avoid damage to endoscope 1000 due to exposure to improper
sterilization conditions, to avoid ineffective sterilization of
endoscope 1000 due to improper sterilization conditions, to be able
to monitor use of endoscope 1000). Sterilization chamber 2000 is
also designed to be capable of interacting with the database for
endoscope 1000 stored on device 1146 (e.g., to determine status
information for endoscope 1000, to update status information for
endoscope 1000, to determine status information for chamber 2000,
to update status information for chamber 2000).
[0120] In general, sterilization chamber match indicator 1165 can
be disposed in the interior of endoscope 1000 (e.g., in the
interior of manipulation portion 1100, in the interior of elongated
portion 1200), disposed on an exterior surface of endoscope 1000
(on an exterior surface of manipulation portion 1100, on the
exterior surface of manipulation portion 1100), or integrally
formed with endoscope 1000 (integrally formed with manipulation
portion 1100, integrally formed with elongated portion 1200).
[0121] In certain embodiments, sterilization chamber match
indicator 1165 contains information that can be read by
sterilization chamber match sensor 2250 to determine if endoscope
1000 matches sterilization chamber 2000 without knowing the
identity of endoscope 1000. Such indicator/sensor systems include,
for example, magnetic systems, inductance systems, electrical
systems, optical systems, and/or mechanical systems. As an example,
indicator 1165 and sensor 2250 can be complimentary components of a
mating key and socket mechanism. As another example, indicator 1165
and sensor 2250 can be complimentary components of a pressure
interlock mechanism. As another example, indicator 1165 and sensor
2250 can be complimentary components of a passive electrical system
(e.g., indicator 1165 is a passive electrical device, and sensor
2250 is a sensor for such passive electrical devices). As a further
example, indicator 1165 and sensor 2250 can be complimentary
components of a magnetic system (e.g., indicator 1165 is a magnetic
binary code and sensor 2250 has Hall effect sensors). As another
example, indicator 1165 and sensor 2250 can be complimentary
components of a bar code system (e.g., indicator 1165 can be a bar
code, and sensor 2250 can be a bar code reader). As a further
example, indicator 1165 and sensor 2250 can be complimentary
components to a dot code system (e.g., indicator 1165 can be a dot
code, and sensor 2250 can be a dot code reader). As a further
example, indicator 1165 and sensor 2250 can be complimentary
components of an induction system (e.g., a passive induction
system, such as a TIRIS system from Texas Instruments).
[0122] In some embodiments, the match between endoscope 1000 and
sterilization chamber 2000 can be determined using identity
indicator 1140 (e.g., without using indicator 1165. Referring to
FIG. 10, identity sensor 2100 reads data from identity indicator
1140 (data corresponding to the identity of endoscope 1000), and
passes the data to data processor 1144 via device 2950. Processor
1144 retrieves appropriate data to device 1146 to determine whether
endoscope 1000 matches sterilization chamber 2000. If endoscope
1000 does not match sterilization chamber 2000, then processor 1144
instructs a power supply 1148 to shut down sterilization chamber
2000.
[0123] Cleaning Endoscope to Remove Detritus
[0124] After determining that endoscope 1000 matches sterilization
chamber 2000, chamber 2000 cleans endoscope 1000 to remove
detritus.
[0125] Referring to FIG. 11, cleaning device 2400 (e.g., a brush, a
fluid emission device, a radiation emission device, a pipe cleaner,
a thread, a rope) is disposed within working channel 1275, and
relative motion occurs between working channel 1275 and cleaning
device 2400 so that cleaning device 2400 interacts with different
regions of working channel 1275 to clean working channel 1275
(e.g., to brush off detritus, to blow off detritus with fluid). In
general, the manner in which cleaning device 2400 is disposed in
working channel 1275, and relative motion occurs can be varied as
desired. In some embodiments, cleaning device 2400 is stationary
and configured so that, as endoscope 1000 is disposed in
sterilization chamber 2000, device 2400 is placed within channel
1275. In certain embodiments, cleaning device 2400 is movable
within sterilization chamber 2000 so that, after endoscope 1000 is
disposed in sterilization chamber 2000, device 2400 is moved into
working channel 1275. In some embodiments, after at least partially
disposing device 2400 within channel 1275, cleaning device 2400
moves within channel 1275 while channel 1275 is stationary. In
certain embodiments, after at least partially disposing device 2400
within channel 1275, working channel 1275 moves while device 2400
is stationary. Generally, the movement of cleaning device 2400
and/or channel 1275 can be manual controlled, automated or
both.
[0126] Referring to FIG. 12, before, after or while cleaning device
2400 cleans channel 1275, cleaning device 2500 (e.g., a brush, a
fluid emission device, a radiation emission device, a pipe cleaner,
a thread, a rope) and the exterior surface of wall 1230 are
positioned adjacent each other, and relative motion occurs between
cleaning device 2500 and wall 1230 so that cleaning device 2500
interacts with different regions of the exterior of wall 1230 to
clean wall 1230 (e.g., to brush off detritus, to blow off detritus
with fluid). In general, the manner in which cleaning device 2500
and wall 1230 are disposed adjacent each other and relative motion
occurs can be varied as desired. In some embodiments, cleaning
device 2500 is stationary and configured so that, as endoscope 1000
is disposed in sterilization chamber 2000, device 2500 is placed
adjacent the exterior of wall 1230. In certain embodiments,
cleaning device 2500 is movable within sterilization chamber 2000
so that, after endoscope 1000 is disposed in sterilization chamber
2000, device 2500 is moved adjacent the exterior of wall 1230. In
some embodiments, after disposing the exterior of wall 1230 and
device 2500 adjacent each other, cleaning device 2500 moves
adjacent different regions of the exterior of wall 1230 while wall
1230 is stationary. In certain embodiments, after disposing the
exterior of wall 1230 and device 2500 adjacent each other, wall
1230 moves while device 2500 is stationary. In general, the
movement of cleaning device 2500 and/or wall 1230 can be manually
controlled, automated or both.
[0127] Referring to FIG. 13, alternatively or additionally, fluid
emission device 2600 (e.g., a steam emission nozzle, a steam
emission hose, a gas emission nozzle, a gas emission hose, a
cleaning fluid emission nozzle, a cleaning emission hose) can be
positioned adjacent working channel 1275 at distal end 1220, and
device 2600 can emit a fluid into channel 1275 to clean channel
1275. In general, the manner in which cleaning device 2600 and
channel 1275 are disposed adjacent each other can be varied as
desired. In some embodiments, cleaning device 2600 is stationary
and configured so that, as endoscope 1000 is disposed in
sterilization chamber 2000, device 2600 is placed adjacent channel
1275 at distal end 1220. In certain embodiments, cleaning device
2600 is movable within sterilization chamber 2000 so that, after
endoscope 1000 is disposed in sterilization chamber 2000, device
2600 is moved adjacent channel 1275 at distal end 1220. In general,
the movement of cleaning device 2600 and/or channel 1275 can be
manually controlled, automated or both. Cleaning device 2600 can
emit, for example, one or more enzymatic cleaning fluids,
disinfectant fluids, and/or sterilization fluids.
[0128] Sterilization of Endoscope
[0129] After cleaning endoscope 1000 to remove detritus, endoscope
1000 is sterilized. Generally, sterilization includes sealing
sterilization chamber 2000, evacuating chamber 2000, and
introducing pressurized steam into chamber 2000. The steam
pressure, steam temperature, and the amount of time to which the
endoscope is exposed to the steam can be selected on the particular
type of endoscope (e.g., materials, size, uses).
[0130] In general, sterilization of endoscope 1000 involves first
evacuating chamber 2000, and then pressurizing chamber 2000 with
steam. Elongated portion 1200 of endoscope 1000 typically has one
or more components that are sealed at distal end 1220 (e.g.,
steering cables, an optical guide, an optical image cable), which
can cause pressure differentials to occur during the sterilization
process. For example, during evacuation of chamber 2000, endoscope
1000 can partially expand due to a pressure differential between
the exterior of endoscope 1000 (relatively low pressure) and the
region of endoscope 1000 that is sealed at distal end 1220
(relatively high pressure), and, during pressurization of chamber
2000, endoscope 1000 can partially collapse due to a pressure
differential between the exterior of endoscope 1000 (relatively
high pressure) and the region of endoscope 1000 that is sealed at
distal end 1220 (relatively low pressure).
[0131] FIG. 13 shows a cross-section of a portion of endoscope 1000
that is sealed at distal end 1220, and in fluid communication with
opening 1105. Opening 1105 is in fluid communication with a gas
supply/vacuum apparatus 1135 via a pressure regulator 1145 (e.g., a
valve). As the pressure in chamber 2000 is reduced during
evacuation, pressure regulator 1145 opens to allow apparatus 1135
to reduce the pressure (e.g., by pumping out gas) in the portion of
endoscope 1000 that is sealed at distal end 1220 so that the
pressure differential between the exterior of endoscope 1000 and
the portion of endoscope 1000 that is sealed at distal end 1220 is
relatively small (e.g., less than about five psi, less than about
four psi, less than about three psi, less than about two psi, less
than about one psi, less than 0.5 psi, less than 0.2 psi) during
evacuation. After evacuation, as the pressure in chamber 2000 is
increased, pressure regulator 1145 opens to allow apparatus 1135 to
increase the pressure (e.g., by pumping in gas) in the portion of
endoscope 1000 that is sealed at distal end 1220 so that the
pressure differential between the exterior of endoscope 1000 and
the portion of endoscope 1000 that is sealed at distal end 1220 is
relatively small (e.g., less than about five psi, less than about
four psi, less than about three psi, less than about two psi, less
than about one psi, less than 0.5 psi, less than 0.2 psi) during
pressurization. In general, pressure regulator 1145 can be manually
controlled, automated, or both. In certain embodiments, pressure
regulator 1145 can be varied continuously between a fully on
position and a fully off position. In some embodiments, pressure
regulator 1145 has only a fully on position and a fully off
position.
[0132] In certain embodiments, pressure sensor 2700, temperature
sensor 2800, and/or timer 2900 are used to determine whether the
proper sterilization conditions (steam pressure, steam temperature,
time that endoscope 1000 was exposed to the steam) were met (e.g.,
sterilization chamber 2000 operates under set sterilization
conditions, and sensors 2700, 2800, and/or 2900 are used to verify
that the conditions were met). In some embodiments, pressure sensor
2700, temperature sensor 2800 and/or timer 2900 can be used to
monitor and adjust the steam pressure, steam temperature, and time
of exposure (e.g., sensors 2700, 2800, and/or 2900 are used to
control the conditions used during sterilization of endoscope 1000)
to assist in sterilizing endoscope 1000 under appropriate
conditions. Sensors 2700, 2800, and/or 2900 can be manually
operated, automated, or both.
[0133] Updating Endoscope Status
[0134] After sterilizing endoscope 1000, the sterilization status
and/or medical procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 can be
updated.
[0135] In some embodiments, sterilizing endoscope 1000 in a
sterilizer automatically updates sterilization status of endoscope
1000 (e.g., as indicated by sterilization status indicator 1150) to
indicate that endoscope 1000 has not been sterilized since last
used in a medical procedure. As an example, indicator 1150 may
change color (e.g., red to green) to indicate that endoscope 1000
has been sterilized since last used in a medical procedure. As
another example, indicator 1150 may display a word (e.g.,
STERILIZED) to indicate that endoscope 1000 has been sterilized
since last used in a medical procedure. As a further example,
indicator 1150 may cover/not cover a marker on endoscope 1000 to
indicate that endoscope 1000 has been sterilized since last used in
a medical procedure. In some embodiments, the distal end of optical
guide 1280 emits light when power source 1175 is turned on to
indicate that endoscope 1000 has been sterilized since last used in
a medical procedure. In certain embodiments, an articulation
element functions properly to indicate that endoscope 1000 has been
sterilized since last used in a medical procedure.
[0136] In certain embodiments, using the endoscope in a medical
procedure automatically updates the medical procedure enablement
status of endoscope 1000 (e.g., as indicated by indicator 1160) to
indicate that endoscope 1000 is enabled for use in a medical
procedure. As an example, indicator 1160 may change color (e.g.,
red to green) to indicate that endoscope 1000 is enabled for use in
a medical procedure. As another example, indicator 1160 may display
a word (e.g., ENABLED) to indicate that endoscope 1000 is enabled
for use in a medical procedure. As a further example, indicator
1150 may cover/not cover a marker on endoscope 1000 to indicate
that endoscope 1000 is enabled for use in a medical procedure. In
some embodiments, the distal end of optical guide 1280 may emit
light when power source 1175 is turned on to indicate that
endoscope 1000 is enabled for use in a medical procedure. In
certain embodiments, an articulation element functions properly to
indicate that endoscope 1000 is enabled for use in a medical
procedure.
[0137] In some embodiments, the sterilization status and/or medical
procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 is updated using
identity indicator 1140 (e.g., without updating sterilization
status indicator 1150 and/or medical procedure enablement status
indicator 1160). Referring to FIG. 15, identity sensor 2100 reads
data from identity indicator 1140 (data corresponding to the
identity of endoscope 1000), and passes the data to data processor
1144 via communication device 2950. Processor 1144 sends
appropriate data to device 1146 to update data in the database
contained on device 1146 for endoscope 1000 (e.g., to update data
in the database for endoscope 1000 to indicate that endoscope 1000
has been sterilized since last used in a medical procedure).
Processor 1144 may also instruct sterilization status adjustment
device 2200 to update sterilization status indicator 1150 as
appropriate (see discussion above), and/or processor 1144 may also
instruct medical procedure enablement adjustment device 2300 to
update medical procedure enablement adjustment status indicator
1160 as appropriate (see discussion above).
[0138] Endoscope Holder
[0139] In certain embodiments sterilization chamber 2000 does not
have identity sensor 2100, sterilization status adjustment device
2200, medical procedure enablement status adjustment device 2300,
sterilization match sensor 2250, pressure sensor 2700, temperature
sensor 2800, and/or timer 2900. In such embodiments, one or more of
these components can be coupled to a device that can fit into
sterilization chamber 2000 so that, while chamber 2000 itself does
not have one or more of these components, the sterilization system
still does have all these components disposed within chamber 2000
during sterilization. For example, FIG. 16 shows an endoscope
holder 3000 (e.g., a tray) that can be repeatedly fit into
sterilization chamber 2000, and that can be repeatedly removed from
sterilization chamber 2000. Holder 3000 includes identity sensor
2100, sterilization status adjustment device 2200, medical
procedure enablement status adjustment device 2300, sterilization
match sensor 2250, pressure sensor 2700, temperature sensor 2800,
and timer 2900.
[0140] Holder 3000 can be used as follows. Endoscope 1000 is placed
in holder 3000, holder 3000 is placed in sterilization chamber
2000, and the match between endoscope 1000 and chamber 2000 is
determined. If chamber 2000 and endoscope 1000 are not properly
matched, chamber 2000 is shut down (see discussion above).
Otherwise, the process continues. In some embodiments, holder 3000
and endoscope 1000 are configured so that cleaning devices 2400,
2500 and/or 2600 are appropriately positioned as tray 3000 is
placed into chamber 2000. Sterilization chamber 2000 then goes
through a sterilization cycle, sterilization conditions are
checked, and the status of endoscope 1000 is updated (see
discussion above). Each of sensor 2100, device 2200, device 2300,
sensor 2250, sensor 2700, sensor 2800, sensor 2900, and/or
transmitter 2950 can be integral with holder 3000, disposed in the
interior of holder 3000, or disposed on the exterior of holder
3000.
[0141] Endoscope Holder Docking Station
[0142] In some embodiments, holder 3000 does not include identity
sensor 2100, sterilization status adjustment device 2200, medical
procedure enablement status adjustment device 2300, sterilization
match sensor 2250, pressure sensor 2700, temperature sensor 2800,
and/or timer 2900. Referring to FIG. 17, in such embodiments, a
docking station 4000 for holder 3000 can contain these components.
Docking station 4000 can be used as follows. Holder 3000 is used as
described above. After the sterilization cycle, holder 3000 is
removed from chamber 2000 and connected to docking station 4000
(which may be remote from chamber 2000). The sterilization
conditions are checked, and the status of endoscope 1000 is updated
(see discussion above). Each of sensor 2100, device 2200, device
2300, sensor 2250, sensor 2700, sensor 2800, sensor 2900, and/or
transmitter 2950 can be integral with docking station 4000,
disposed in the interior of docking station 4000, or disposed on
the exterior of docking station 4000. In some embodiments, docking
station 4000 is configured to be electrically coupled, optically
coupled and/or wirelessly coupled with holder 3000. In certain
embodiments, docking station 4000 is configured to hold endoscope
holder 3000 without such Coupling with holder 3000.
[0143] Charging for Use of Endoscope
[0144] FIG. 18 shows a flow chart for a method 5000 that can be
used to charge a client for use of endoscope 1000. First, the
client uses endoscope 1000 (5100), and this information is
communicated to a data processor (5200). The data processor then
communicates with a data storage device containing a database with
data for endoscope 1000 (5300). The data processor uses the data
for endoscope 1000 to calculate the client charge for using
endoscope 1000 (5400). Depending on the type of account the client
has, the data processor debits the account (e.g., by updating the
database for endoscope 1000 contained on device 1446 to reduce the
charge from the credit for the account) and forwards this
information to the client, or the data processor bills the account
(e.g., by updating the database for endoscope 1000 contained on
device 1446 to indicate that the client has been sent a bill for
the charge) and forwards the bill to the client (5500).
[0145] In general, this method can be performed as follows. The
client uses endoscope 1000, and as data is communicated from
endoscope 1000 to data processor 1144 and data storage device 1146
to update the data for endoscope 1000 in the database contained on
device 1146 to indicate that the sterilization status and/or
medical procedure enablement status of endoscope 1000 has changed,
the database is updated to indicate that endoscope 1000 has
undergone another use in a medical procedure. This can take place
after use of endoscope 1000 (e.g., after use of endoscope 1000 but
before cleaning of endoscope 1000, when endoscope 1000 is cleaned,
when endoscope 1000 is matched with sterilization chamber 2000,
after matching with sterilization chamber 2000 but before
sterilization of endoscope 1000) and/or after sterilization of
endoscope 1000 (e.g., after sterilization of endoscope 1000 but
before the next use of endoscope 1000 in a medical procedure), but
generally not both (see discussion above). During this process,
processor 1144 recognizes that endoscope 1000 has undergone a use
in a medical procedure, and processor 1144 communicates this to
database 1146 (e.g., the database can contain information regarding
the number of times endoscope 1000 has been used in a medical
procedure). Processor 1144 then retrieves the appropriate data from
the database to calculate the charge to the client, and processor
1144 retrieves appropriate data from the database to determine the
type of account the client has (e.g., credited, noncredited) to
determine how to charge the client. Processor 1144 then provides
appropriate instructions so that the client is informed of the
charge (e.g., by displaying the charge information on a video
monitor so that a person can read this information and forward it
to the client, by printing the information on a sheet that is
forwarded to the client, by electronically/optically/wire- lessly
communicating this information to the client).
[0146] Various information can be contained in the database for
endoscope 1000 that is stored on device 1146 and that is used by
processor 1144 to determine the client charge for using endoscope
1000. In some embodiments, the information can include the identity
of the client. For example, the client charge may depend upon
whether the client is a private patient, a private doctor, a doctor
who is part of a professional organization, a health maintenance
organization, a private insurance company, or a government agency.
In certain embodiments, the information can include the number of
times the client has used endoscope 1000. For example, the rate per
use may change (e.g., increase, decrease) as the number of uses
increases. In some embodiments, the information can include the
number of times that the client has used endoscope 1000 since the
client was last billed. For example, the client can be billed based
on a predetermined number of uses, as opposed to being billed on a
per use basis. In certain embodiments, the information can include
the total number of times that the client has used an endoscope in
the system. For example, the client may be associated with multiple
endoscopes through an account, and the total number of uses for the
multiple endoscopes can be stored in the database so that the
client charge per endoscope use can change (e.g., increase,
decrease) as the total number of endoscope uses increases. In some
embodiments, the information can include the total number of times
that the client has used a sterilization chamber in the system. For
example, the client may have access to multiple sterilization
chambers, and the total number of sterilization chamber uses can be
stored in the database so that the charge per use can change (e.g.,
increase, decrease) as the total number of sterilization system
uses increases. In certain embodiments, the information can include
the time of day that endoscope 1000 was used. For example, the
charge per use can be lower if endoscope 1000 was used during off
peak hours. In some embodiments, the information can include the
frequency of use of endoscope 1000. For example, the charge per use
can change (e.g., increase, decrease) as the number of uses per
unit time increases.
[0147] In some embodiments, the client is charged before use of
endoscope 1000 in a medical procedure (e.g., before each use,
before each predetermined number of uses). In certain embodiments,
the client is charged after use of endoscope 1000 in a medical
procedure (e.g., after each use, after each predetermined number of
uses).
[0148] While certain embodiments have been described, other
embodiments are possible.
[0149] As an example, while the systems and methods have been
described for use with endoscopes, other reusable medical
instruments can be used in the systems and methods. A reusable
medical instrument, as referred to herein, means a medical
instrument that, after being used in a medical procedure, is
treated (e.g., cleaned, disinfected, and/or sterilized) so that the
device can be used again in a medical procedure. Examples of
reusable medical instruments include laparoscopes, video imaging
cameras and/or associated electronics, CCD imaging cameras and/or
associated electronics, CMOS imaging cameras and/or associated
electronics, wound closure devices (e.g., staplers, suturing
devices), ultrasonic probes, umbilical cables, umbilicals for
cutters, umbilicals for shavers, umbilicals for staplers, and
endarterectomy devices.
[0150] As another example, while the above-described systems and
methods have been described with respect to sterilization chambers
and sterilization processes, more generally, the systems and
methods can be used with any treatment that is used for a reusable
medical instrument between uses of the instrument in a medical
procedure. As an example, rather than a sterilization chamber and
process, the systems and methods can use a disinfection chamber and
process. In some embodiments, the treatment of the reusable medical
instrument between uses in a medical procedure can include
cleaning, disinfection and/or sterilization.
[0151] As a further example, the status checking and/or data
updating for a reusable medical instrument can be done at any stage
in the process that is desired. For example, the status of the
reusable device can be checked and/or updated before use in a
medical procedure, after the device is used in a medical procedure
(e.g., between use in a medical procedure and treatment), and/or
after the device is treated (e.g., sterilized and/or disinfected).
In some embodiments, the status of the reusable medical instrument
is checked and/or updated between use in a medical procedure and
treatment, but not after treatment. In certain embodiments, the
status of the reusable medical instrument is checked and/or updated
after treatment, but not between use in a medical procedure and
treatment. Similarly, data associated with the reusable medical
instrument can be updated before the device is used in a medical
procedure, after the device is used in a medical procedure (e.g.,
between use in a medical procedure and treatment), and/or after the
device is treated.
[0152] While endoscopes having a light source in the manipulation
portion have been described, endoscopes having one or more lights
sources located in the elongated portion of the endoscope (e.g., at
the distal end) can also be used. One or more of the light sources
can be external to the endoscope (e.g., connected to the
manipulation portion via an electrical connection, an optical
connection, and/or a wireless connection).
[0153] While endoscopes having an internal power source have been
described, endoscopes having an external power source (e.g.,
connected to the manipulation portion via an electrical connection,
an optical connection, and/or a wireless connection) can be
used.
[0154] While endoscopes having a wireless transmitter on the
elongated portion have been described, endoscopes having an
electrically connected and/or optically connected transmitter on
the elongated portion can be used.
[0155] While endoscopes having a flexible portion 1215 have been
described, in some embodiments region 1215 can be rigid or
semi-rigid.
[0156] In some embodiments, the manipulation portion of an
endoscope can have one or more oculars, one or more umbilicals, one
or more connectors, and/or one or more valves. In embodiments in
which the manipulation portion has an umbilical, the endoscope can
be designed so that the cable automatically changes the status of
the endoscope (e.g., sterilization status, medical procedure
enablement status) when the umbilical is separated from the
endoscope or is separated at its distal end (e.g., from the video
processor, gas/vacuum/irrigation supply, and/or light source),
and/or the umbilical can mechanically reset to indicate a change in
status after use.
[0157] In certain embodiments, a light source can be formed of one
or more LEDs (e.g., one or more red LEDs, one or more blue LEDs,
one or more green LEDs, and/or one or more white LEDs).
[0158] In some embodiments, a medical instrument can have one or
more joysticks that are used as control devices. Medical
instruments containing such control devices are described, for
example, in commonly owned and co-pending U.S. Provisional Patent
Application Serial No. 60/389,168, filed Jun. 17, 2002, and
entitled "Mechanical Joystick Steering Mechanism for Borescope,
Endoscope, Catheter, Guide Tube, and Working Tool," the contents of
which are herby incorporated by reference.
[0159] In some embodiments, the systems can be used to provide
methods of maintaining the condition of a reusable medical
instrument. For example, the database can maintain a record of the
number of times the reusable medical instrument has been used in a
medical procedure since it last underwent a maintenance procedure.
The data processor can retrieve this information from the database,
and, when the database indicates that the reusable medical
instrument has undergone the predetermined number of uses since
last undergoing a maintenance procedure, the processor can disable
the reusable medical instrument from use in a medical procedure.
The database can then instruct the client that the reusable medical
instrument has been disabled.
[0160] In certain embodiments, the systems can be used to provide
methods of maintaining supplies associated with uses of a reusable
medical instrument (e.g., cytology brushes, baskets, snares,
graspers, forceps). For example, the database can maintain a record
of the number of times the reusable medical instrument has been
used in a medical procedure since the client associated with the
instrument was provided supplies for the instrument. The data
processor can retrieve this information from the database, and,
when the database indicates that the reusable medical instrument
has undergone the predetermined number of uses since the client was
last provided the supplies, the processor can instruct a medical
procedure enablement status adjustment device for the instrument to
disable the reusable medical instrument from use in a medical
procedure. The database can then instruct the client that the
reusable medical instrument has been disabled. In some embodiments,
a user or handler of the instrument can provide the data processor
with information regarding the medical procedure that is intended
to be used with the instrument, and the data processor can interact
with the database to determine whether sufficient supplies are
available for the instrument to be used in the particular
procedure.
[0161] While reusable medical instruments and medical procedures
have been described, other instruments and procedures can also be
used. For example, the instruments can be designed to be reusable
for industrial uses (e.g., for inspecting the interior of an
aircraft engine), and the procedures can be industrial procedures
(e.g., inspecting the interior of an aircraft engine).
[0162] While the pressure regulator and gas/vacuum source have been
described as being coupled to a treatment chamber (e.g., a
sterilization chamber), other embodiments can be used. For example,
the pressure regulator and/or gas/vacuum source can be coupled to a
holder (e.g., a tray) for the reusable instrument (e.g., a reusable
medical instrument, such as an endoscope).
[0163] Other embodiments are in the claims.
* * * * *