U.S. patent application number 10/453059 was filed with the patent office on 2004-02-12 for transportable container for bulk goods and method for forming the container.
Invention is credited to Cary, Randall L., Ours, David C..
Application Number | 20040026292 10/453059 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 31499259 |
Filed Date | 2004-02-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040026292 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ours, David C. ; et
al. |
February 12, 2004 |
Transportable container for bulk goods and method for forming the
container
Abstract
A transportable container for bulk goods and a method for
forming the container are disclosed. The transportable container is
formed from a bag having a closed base and an open top. A fill
material is filled into the bag and an outer wrap is spirally
wrapped around the bag such that the outer wrap secures the fill
material in the bag. The method for forming the transportable
container includes the steps of securing the open top of the bag in
an opened position and supporting a base of the bag. The bag is
filled with a fill material and while being filled the fill level
of the bag is monitored. Simultaneously with filling of the bag, an
outer wrap is spirally wrapped around the bag in an upward
direction coordinated with the fill level. Once the bag is filled
the open top of the bag is released. In some embodiments the open
top is then sealed and in others it is left open.
Inventors: |
Ours, David C.; (Marshall,
MI) ; Cary, Randall L.; (Battle Creek, MI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Randall L. Shoemaker
Howard & Howard Attorneys, P.C.
Suite 101
39400 Woodward Avenue
Bloomfield Hills
MI
48304-5151
US
|
Family ID: |
31499259 |
Appl. No.: |
10/453059 |
Filed: |
June 2, 2003 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10453059 |
Jun 2, 2003 |
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10280969 |
Oct 25, 2002 |
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10453059 |
Jun 2, 2003 |
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10280431 |
Oct 25, 2002 |
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10280431 |
Oct 25, 2002 |
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09738854 |
Dec 15, 2000 |
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6494324 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
206/527 ; 53/399;
53/449 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65B 11/58 20130101;
B65B 11/045 20130101; B65B 1/02 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
206/527 ; 53/399;
53/449 |
International
Class: |
B65D 079/00 |
Claims
We claim:
1. A transportable container for bulk goods comprising: a bag
having a closed base and an open top; a fill material in said bag;
and an outer wrap spirally wound around said bag and securing said
fill material in said bag.
2. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
open top is sealed.
3. A transportable container as recited in claim 2, wherein said
open top is sealed by one of a sonic weld, a heat weld, a plastic
pull tie, a wire, a rope, or a clamp.
4. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
bag comprises a flexible plastic, a breathable plastic, a foil, a
light blocking material, a laminate, a moisture barrier film,
paper, or a food grade material.
5. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, said closed
base of said bag is gusseted.
6. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
outer wrap is slit into a series of strips prior to being spirally
wound around said bag.
7. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
outer wrap is spirally wound around said bag in an upward
direction.
8. A transportable container as recited in claim 7, wherein said
outer wrap is additionally spirally wound around said bag in a
downward direction.
9. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, further
comprising a support closely adjacent to said closed base.
10. A transportable container as recited in claim 9, wherein said
support comprises one of a slipsheet, a shroud, or a strip of
corrugated material and wherein said outer wrap is spirally wound
around said bag and said support.
11. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
fill material comprises an agricultural product, a chemical
product, a plastic material, a machined material, a cereal, a wood
product, a landscaping material, peat moss, dirt, sand, gravel,
rocks, a prepared food, a partially prepared frozen food product,
or a manufactured product.
12. A transportable container as recited in claim 1, wherein said
bag further comprises handling hoops secured to said bag.
13. A method of forming a transportable container for bulk goods
comprising the steps of: a) providing a bag having an opened top
and a closed base; and b) spirally wrapping an outer wrap around
the bag while directing a fill material into the bag and
maintaining a top edge of the outer wrap near a fill level of the
fill material in the bag.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein step b) further comprises
monitoring the fill level of the fill material in the bag while
spirally wrapping the outer wrap around the bag.
15. The method as recited in claim 14, wherein the fill level is
monitored by one of a sonic probe, an infrared detector, a weight
of the fill material in the bag, or a timer.
16. The method of claim 13, comprising the further steps of
stopping the directing of a fill material into the bag and then
sealing the open top.
17. The method as recited in claim 16, wherein the step of sealing
said open top comprises one of folding over said open top and
spirally wrapping said outer wrap around said folded over open top,
sonically welding said open top shut, heat welding said open top
shut, closing said open top with a plastic pull tie, closing said
open top with a wire, closing said open top with a rope, or closing
said open top with a clamp.
18. The method as recited in claim 13, wherein step a) further
comprises providing a bag comprising a food grade plastic, a
breathable plastic, a foil, a light blocking material, a laminate,
a moisture barrier film, or a paper.
19. The method as recited in claim 13, further comprising the step
of providing a removable support closely adjacent to said closed
base while spirally wrapping an outer wrap around said closed base
and then removing said removable support.
20. The method as recited in claim 19, comprising providing a
plurality of retractable and extendable fingers as the removable
support.
21. The method as claimed in claim 13, comprising the further step
of providing a support material closely adjacent to said closed
base wherein said support material comprises a slipsheet, a shroud,
or a strip of corrugated material.
Description
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. application Ser.
Nos. 10/280,969 and 10/280,431, both filed Oct. 25, 2002.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates generally to a container for
transporting bulk goods and, more particularly, to a transportable
container comprising a bag for receiving fill material and a
spirally wound outer wrap for stabilizing the bag.
[0003] Typical containers utilized for transport of bulk
particulate fill material are inefficient, do not have a very large
volume, and often require a large amount of manual labor be used in
filling and handling of the container. Also these containers are
typically stacked on top of each other during handling and
transport without stabilization resulting in damage to the
material. In addition, storage and disassembly of these products
requires a large amount of labor and physical plant space.
[0004] Johnstone. et al. discloses in U.S. Pat. No. 5,566,530
method for packaging of irregularly shaped articles, flowable
granules, or liquids comprising placing an open framework on a
pallet to create a space. The space is filled with the material and
then a stretch wrap film is wrapped around the material and the
framework. Finally the framework is removed from the film.
[0005] Williamson discloses in U.S. Pat. No. 4,113,146 a container
comprising a spirally wound film to form an inner container, this
is surrounded by a middle layer of spirally wound polyester
filament, which is in turn surrounded by an single outer wrap
sheet. The ends of the inner container are closed with ties and a
support sling is located between the middle and outer layers. In
U.S. Pat. No. 4,253,507 Williamson discloses a two ply inner tube
covered by an over wrap that is bonded to the inner tube. One end
of the inner tube is folded and sealed to form a closed bag like
structure.
[0006] In U.S. Pat. No. 3,374,599 Sanders discloses a method
comprising dropping the materials into a container mounted to a
conveyor, placing a continuous tubular thermoplastic netting around
the container, sealing one end of the netting, then dropping the
netting and material out of the container onto a second conveyor
where the other end of the netting is sealed. The netting may
subsequently be heated to form a firmer package.
[0007] In U.S. Pat. No. 5,353,936 Dockstader, et al. discloses a
protective tray for use in forming a palletized load of stacked
bags of particulate material. The protective tray comprises double
wall corrugated cardboard or rigid plastic and in a preferred
embodiment it is surrounded by a stretch wrap that encircles the
protective tray and the bags.
[0008] Connolly discloses in U.S. Pat. No. 4,136,501 a system
comprising wrapping a palletized load with a sheet of thermoplastic
netting material. Finally, Humphrey discloses in U.S. Pat. No.
4,299,076 a system for wrapping a stabilizing overwrap around a
load mounted on a pallet, which is placed on a rotating turntable.
The overwrap has a width that is equal to the height of the load
and with each rotation the overwrap undergoes successive increasing
stages of tension and stretch.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention provides a transportable container
that is a space and cost savings alternative to other know
containers. The transportable container of the present invention
generates hoop forces on the fill material that immobilize the fill
material in the container, make the container rigid, and prevent
the fill material from shifting during transport thereby preventing
damage to the fill material. The hoop forces promote contact
between the components of the fill material, thereby both
stabilizing and compressing the fill material, such that the
container of the present invention can hold up to three times the
amount of fill material as compared to a conventional tote. Further
advantages include reduced possibility of contamination of the fill
material, reduced stacking damage, reduced spoiling, and reduced
trapping of the fill material in the container. Finally, the
present container allows easy identification of the contents
because the bag and outer wrap are preferably formed from clear
materials. The present invention functions by coordinating the fill
level of the bag with spirals of an outer wrap to generate and
maintain hoop forces on the bag and fill material. This invention
functions to make loose fill material rigid without damage to
fragile loose material.
[0010] In one embodiment the present invention is a transportable
container for bulk goods comprising: a bag having a closed base and
an open top; a fill material in the bag; and an outer wrap spirally
wound around the bag and securing the fill material in the bag.
[0011] In another embodiment the present invention is a method of
forming a transportable container for bulk goods comprising the
steps of: providing a bag having an opened top and a closed base;
and spirally wrapping an outer wrap around the bag while directing
a fill material into the bag and maintaining a top edge of the
outer wrap near a fill level of the fill material in the bag.
[0012] These and other features and advantages of this invention
will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the
detailed description of a preferred embodiment. The drawings that
accompany the detailed description are described below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one wrapper system according
to the present invention with a flexible bag of the present
invention in an open position prior to filling and wrapping;
[0014] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 1 during
the filling and wrapping stages;
[0015] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 1 after
filling with an open top of the bag in a folded over position;
[0016] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the system of FIG. 1 with
the bag in the final upward wrapping stage;
[0017] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the bag in a fully wrapped
stage;
[0018] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of
the system of FIG. 1;
[0019] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a hoop utilized in the
alternative embodiment of FIG. 6;
[0020] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of our alternative embodiment
of a turntable; and
[0021] FIG. 9 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the
present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0022] Throughout the present specification and phase the phrase
fill material is used as a shorthand version of the wide range of
products that can be packaged utilizing the present invention. The
present invention finds utilization in packaging any sorts of
materials that are typically bulk packaged. These items can
encompass large bulk packaged pieces as well as very small bulk
packaged pieces. Examples of smaller fill materials include, but
are not limited to, the following: agricultural products like
seeds, rice, grains, vegetables, fruits; chemical products like
fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, raw chemicals, fertilizers;
plastics like plastic resin pellets, plastic parts, rejected
plastic parts, machined plastic parts; cereals and cereal products
such as wheat; a variety of machined parts of all sorts; wood
products like wood chips, landscaping material, peat moss, dirt,
sand, gravel, rocks and cement. The present invention also finds
utilization in bulk packaging of larger fill material including,
but not limited to: prepared foods; partially processed foods like
frozen fish, frozen chicken, other frozen meats and meat products;
manufactured items like textiles, clothing, footwear; toys like
plastic toys, plastic half parts, metallic parts, soft toys,
stuffed animals, and other toys and toy products. All of these
types of materials and similar bulk packaged materials are intended
to be encompassed in the present specification and claims by this
phrase.
[0023] Referring to the Figures, wherein like numerals indicate
like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, in FIG.
1, one embodiment of a wrapping system for forming a transportable
container for bulk goods designed according to the present
invention is shown generally at 10. System 10 includes a frame 12
having an upper support 14 spaced apart from a frame base 16. A
first support column 18 and a second support column 20 extend
between frame base 16 and upper support 14. Frame base 16 includes
a pair of base legs 22. An upper turntable 24 is mounted within
upper support 14 of system 10. A support rim 26 is mounted to upper
turntable 24 and a fill chute 28 projects through upper turntable
24. A fill funnel 30 is aligned with fill chute 28. A conveyor 32
is aligned above fill funnel 30 for delivering a fill material (not
shown) to fill funnel 30. System 10 may comprise a conventional
stretch wrapping device such as, for example, a Lantech Q series
semi-automatic wrapper.
[0024] Extending from upper support 14 are a plurality of cords 34
each of which includes a bag clip 36 at one of its ends. Cords 34
are run through a series of pulleys 38 joined to a crank 40.
Rotation of crank 40 moves cords 34 and bag clips 36 up or down
relative to upper support 14 depending on the direction of rotation
of crank 40. Bag clips 36 are attached to the corners of a flexible
bag 42.
[0025] Flexible bag 42 includes an open top 44 and a closed base
46. The closed base 46 can be formed into the bag 42 or the bag 42
can be a continuous tubular roll wherein the closed base 46 is
formed by folding over the tube or bunching the tube up. The closed
base from a continuous tubular roll can also be formed by twisting
and tying off a length of the tube which later could be used as a
pour spout during subsequent unloading of the fill material 72.
Preferably, bag clips 36 are attached at a position of
approximately 50 to 100 inches down from open top 44. In one
embodiment, sufficient length is left to allow the open top 44 to
be moved into a folded over position (FIG. 3) so that the bag 42
can be sealed with an outer wrap 58, as described below. Bag 42 is
preferably a gusseted bag having dimensions of the closed base 46
of from 40 to 48 inches by from 30 to 40 inches. Preferably bag 42
is from 100 to 190 inches long. For a standard pallet size the bag
42 preferably has a base of about 44 inches by about 36 inches and
a length of about 178 inches. Bag 42 can be formed from any food
grade material, such as for example, low density polyethylene, high
density polyethylene, a food grade polymer, or nylon. The bags can
be of a continuous design such as blow molded polyethylene bags or
a bag woven from a fiber or plastic. In a preferred embodiment bag
42 is part of a continuous roll of bags 42.
[0026] The bag 42 can be formed from a wide variety of flexible
materials including, but not limited to: breathable plastics,
foils, light blocking materials, laminates, moisture barrier films,
paper, and other typical bag materials. In some embodiments it is
preferable that the bag 42 be designed with a gusseted bottom
thereby creating more of a square shape to the base 46 of the bag
42. The bag 42 can furthermore be color coded for rapid material
identification from visual clues. Additionally, the bag 42 may
include built in loops to enable easier handling of the bag 42.
[0027] In one embodiment, the closed base 46 rests in a bottom
support 47. Bottom support 47 can comprise a slipsheet 48 and
preferably further includes a shroud 50 when the fill material is
very flowable. Slipsheet 48 and shroud 50 can be formed from a
variety of known materials, such as for example, corrugated
cardboard, plastic, and other similar materials. Shroud 50
preferably has at least two sides and may have more. In addition,
shroud 50 may be circular. Shroud 50 can either be attached to
slipsheet 48 or it can rest on slipsheet 48. The height of shroud
50 can vary from 4 to 24 inches. Bottom support 47 is mounted to a
pallet 50 which rests on a lower turntable 54. Pallet 50 can be
formed from metal, wood, plastic, corrugated cardboard and other
materials as is known in the art. Preferably the pallet has
standard surface dimensions of 40 by 48 inches.
[0028] In other embodiments, the bag 42 is not associated with a
bottom support 47 or a shroud 50. Depending on the fill material,
the bottom of the bag 42 may not require additional support, in
which case, the bag 42 is simply filled and wrapped with outer wrap
58 in the absence of a shroud 50 or a bottom support 47. In another
embodiment, the shroud 50 comprises a strip of corrugated cardboard
that is fed around the base 46 of the bag 42 and secured to the bag
42 with the initial wrappings of outer wrap 58. Once the strip of
the corrugated cardboard has been placed around the base of the bag
42 the corrugated cardboard is cut and the bag 42 is wrapped with
outer wrap 58 as described below. In another embodiment shown in
FIG. 8, the bag 42 rests on lower turntable 54 which includes a
plurality of fingers 120 that can be extended and retracted. In
this embodiment, the fingers 120 are initially extended to provide
support to the base 46 of bag 42 during the initial spiral wrapping
of outer wrap 58 to provide an initial support to the bag 42. After
several wraps of outer wrap 58 the fingers 120 are retracted and
the bag 42 is wrapped as described below. In this embodiment, the
pallet 50 may or may not be present.
[0029] Rotation of lower turntable 54 and upper turntable 24 are
synchronized such that they rotate in unison. System 10 further
includes a wrap head 56. Wrap head 56 includes a roll of outer wrap
58 and a base 60. Wrap 58 is preferably a stretch wrap having a
high cling factor. The wrap 58 is from 50 to 200 gauge; preferably
50 to 150 gauge, and more preferably 90 to 110 gauge and has a
width of from 10 to 30 inches. Most preferably, wrap 58 is 100
gauge and has a width of 20 inches. Wrap 58 can be any of a variety
of stretch wrap films known in the art. In some embodiments the
wrap 58 is slit into a series of strips to reduce costs and weight
of the wrap 58. In other embodiments the wrap 58 is a stretch net
or webbing to reduce costs and weight of the wrap 58. Wrap head 56
is vertically moveable along a guide rod 62. Wrap head 56 is moved
up and down guide rod 62 by a motor (not shown). An outer wrap
clamp 64 is mounted to a portion of lower turntable 54. In one
embodiment, a fill sensor 66 is retractably extended into flexible
bag 42. In FIG. 1, flexible bag 42 is shown in a pre-loading
position and open top 44 is in an open position. A portion of the
outer wrap 58 is clamped in outer wrap clamp 64. Outer wrap clamp
64 both holds the initial spiral of outer wrap 58 and cuts outer
wrap 58 between formation of transportable containers. System 10
also includes a fill sensor 66 to monitor the fill level in bag 42.
In one embodiment the fill sensor 66 is an ultrasonic transmitter
and receiver, this sensor 66 is used to monitor the top level of a
fill material 72 in the bag 42.
[0030] In other embodiments, the fill level of the bag 42 is
detected in other manners. In one embodiment, the lower turntable
54 further includes a scale and the advancement of outer wrap 58 up
the sides of bag 42 is coordinated with the measured weight of the
fill material 72 thus allowing the outer wrap 58 to be maintained
at or near the fill level. In other embodiments, the system 10
includes a timing mechanism that coordinates the movement of outer
wrap 58 based on the known fill rate of bag 42. Alternatively, a
sonic probe can be used as a fill level sensor to detect the fill
level using sound waves. In either embodiment the fill sensor 66 is
an infrared detector, described below.
[0031] Once a bag 42 is loaded into system 10 crank 40 is rotated
to bring bag 42 to the load position as shown in FIG. 2. As shown
in FIG. 2, the upper turntable 24 and lower turntable 54 are
rotated in a rotation direction 68 as indicated by the arrow.
Initially, the fill material 72 is run into flexible bag 42 through
conveyor 32, fill funnel 30 and fill chute 28. Fill sensor 66 or
the alternatives discussed above are utilized to detect the height
of the fill material 72 within flexible bag 42. As flexible bag 42
fills with fill material 72 the upper turntable 24 and lower
turntable 54 are rotated at a speed and the wrap head 56 is moved
vertically upward such that the outer wrap 58 is always maintained
at a level at or near the top of the level of the fill material 72.
With certain fill material 72, such as rice, it may be advantageous
to allow the fill material 72 to be above the level of wrap 58 and
allow slight bulging of the bag 42 prior to the wrap 58 surrounding
the fill material 72. This allows the development of a cone shape
to the finished bag 42. For other fill material 72 it is
advantageous to keep the wrap 58 level with or slightly ahead of
the level of the fill material 72. With low density material the
level of the wrap 58 can be plus or minus 12 inches from the fill
level, however, for high density material it should be plus or
minus 4 inches from the fill level. In an alternative embodiment,
the outer wrap 58 can be rotated around a stationary bag 42. As the
bag 42 is filled fill sensor 66 is slowly withdrawn from flexible
bag 42. The system 10 can be adjusted to provide overlapping layers
of outer wrap 58 spaced apart from 0.5 to 15 inches.
[0032] As discussed above, the fill material 72 may comprise any
bulk packed material such as described above. When loading food
products it is preferable that bag 42 be formed of a food grade
material, this is not necessary when the fill material 72 is a
non-food product. In one preferred embodiment, system 10 is used to
fill bag 42 with either a cereal or a ready-to-eat cereal.
[0033] For certain types of fill material 72 it can be advantageous
to settle the fill material 72 as the bag 42 is being filled. To
accomplish this lower turntable 54 can be modified to incorporate a
vibratory shaker thereby permitting the lower turntable 54 to
settle the fill material 72 as the bag 42 is being filled.
[0034] In FIG. 3 flexible bag 42 is shown in the completely filled
condition. In one embodiment, system 10 is stopped at this point in
time such that an operator can unclip flexible bag 42 from bag
clips 36 and fold over open top 44 into a folded over position as
shown in FIG. 3. In this position, the open top is folded over to
seal flexible bag 42. Then, system 10 is again initiated and
rotation of the upper turntable 24 and lower turntable 54 is
commenced again thereby wrapping additional spiral wrappings of
outer wrap 58 around flexible bag 42. It is also possible to adjust
system 10 such that wrap head 56 is advanced to the top of the
particulate material 72 prior to moving open top 44 to the folded
over position, such that the folded over portion only receives
downward wrappings of outer wrap 58. Alternative methods for
closing bag 42 are discussed below.
[0035] In FIG. 4 the system 10 is shown in a position of maximal
upward vertical movement of the wrap head 56. In one embodiment,
the upper turntable 24 and lower turntable 54 continue to rotate
while the wrap head 56 is moved in a vertically downward direction
to complete a second wrapping of outer wrap 58 around flexible bag
42. This downward wrapping can be eliminated if desired, although
this may require more wrapping on the upward stroke to make the bag
42 rigid. This downward wrapping can be adjusted such that only the
bottom support 47 is wrapped to bag 42 or such that pallet 52 is
also wrapped to bag 42. In FIG. 5 flexible bag 42 is shown
completely wrapped and removed from system 10.
[0036] In FIG. 6 an alternative embodiment of system 10 is shown.
In this embodiment, open top 44 of flexible bag 24 is held in an
open position by a hoop 92. Hoop 92 includes a plurality of bag
holders 94 and a plurality of loops 96 that are received on support
rim clips 90 mounted to support rim 26. In this embodiment, system
10 does not include a fill sensor 66 like that described above.
Instead system 10 includes a plurality of infrared emitters 84
mounted to a sensor bar 86. Sensor bar 86 is placed across from an
infrared detector 88 mounted to wrap head 56. In use, the infrared
emitters 84 emit an infrared beam across flexible bag 42 to be
detected by infrared detector 88. Thus, infrared emitters 84 and
infrared detector 88 serve to sense the level of fill material 72
within flexible bag 42. As in the first embodiment, the upper
turntable 24 and lower turntable 54 are rotated as wrap head 56 is
moved vertically upward and preferably downward along guide rod 62.
The speed of rotation of turntables 24 and 54 are correlated with
movement of wrap head 56 along guide rod 62 to ensure that the
outer wrap 58 is always approximately level with the top of fill
material 72 in flexible bag 42 on the upward spiral. As described
above, bag 42 is filled with fill material 72 until it is near the
top of flexible bag 42. At this point, hoop 74 is removed from
rails 82 and open top 44 can be folded over as shown in FIG. 3.
Then the procedure continues as outlined in FIGS. 4 and 5,
discussed above.
[0037] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of hoop 92. The shape of bag
holders 94 and loops 96 permit the open top 44 to be bunched while
secured to provide sufficient bag to be moved into the folded over
position. Preferably bag holders 94 include flexible wire like
elements 100 to allow them to be inserted into bag 42 and to then
friction hold the bag 42 open.
[0038] In other embodiments, lower turntable 54, wrap head 56, and
base 60 are vertically movable. In this embodiment, during the
initial stages of filling bag 42 the lower turntable 54 is placed
at a position very close to upper turntable 24. As the bag 42 fills
lower turntable 54 is moved in a downward direction to accommodate
additional fill material 72. The advantage of this system is that
fragile materials have a lower distance to drop from conveyor 32
into bag 42. Movement of lower turntable 54 can be accomplished by
any of a variety of mechanisms including scissors platform legs,
hydraulic pistons, pneumatic pistons, or a geared mechanism. In an
alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the open top 44 of bag 42
is held in a bunched manner by a vertically movable top hat piece
130. The fill material 72 is fed into bag 42 using an articulated
conveyor mechanism 132. As bag 42 is filled an outer wrap 58 is
spirally wrapped around bag 42, the top hat piece 130 is moved
vertically in an upward direction as is the end of the articulated
conveyor 132. Again, this design minimizes the drop distance for a
fill material 72 as it is loaded into bag 42. Top hat piece 130 can
be moved by a gear mechanism 134 or other mechanisms known in the
art.
[0039] In alternative embodiments, open top 44 can be closed or
left open depending on fill material 72. For example, certain fill
material 72 such as wood chips, sand, gravel, and other fill
material 72, may not require that open top 44 be closed. In such
instances, outer wrap 58 would be wrapped around bag 42 in an
upward direction to secure fill material 72 in bag 42.
Alternatively, open top 44 can be closed in any of a variety of
manners known in the art including, but not limited to: sonic or
heat welding of open top 44, closure of open top 44 with a plastic
pull tie, closure of open top 44 with wire or rope, closure of open
top 44 with a clamp, and other closure means known in the art. In
embodiments where continuous tubular rolls and sonic or heat
welding of the open top are used, the process of sealing the top of
one bag can also create the bottom of the next bag. In certain
embodiments, it may be advantageous to eliminate the downward
spiral wrapping of outer wrap 58 around bag 42. Depending on the
type of fill material 72 this may require more spiral wrapping of
outer wrap 58 in the upward direction.
[0040] In alternative embodiments, it may be advantageous once the
bag 42 has been filled with fill materials 72 and outer wrap 58 has
been spirally wrapped around bag 42 to include the additional step
of placing a nylon strap netting over bag 42. The netting may
include a series of loops either at the top or the bottom of the
netting to enable the resulting load to handle like a Super
Sack.RTM.. Moving the unit with the loops rather than the pallet 50
or bottom support would be advantageous in loading cargo ships with
a very stable load with the least amount of cost packaging
material.
[0041] System 10 preferably includes a control panel 98 to permit
an operator to control various functions such as stop, start,
rotation speed and wrap head 56-movement speed. Such controls are
known in the art. System 10 further includes conventional controls
to maintain proper fill level, outer wrap 58 force, and sequencing.
The relationship of these parameters is constantly monitored and
automatically adjusted by means known in the art.
[0042] The wrapping of outer wrap 58 about bag 42 generates what
are known as hoop forces which apply a gentle squeeze to the fill
material 72, helping to support and firm it. The hoop forces
stabilize the fill material 72 by promoting controllable contact
between the elements of the fill material 72 being loaded into bag
42, thereby promoting bridging between the components of the fill
material 72. For example, when the fill material 72 being loaded is
a bulk cereal in puff or flake form, hoop forces promote bridging
between cereal pieces, thereby reducing the relative motion between
the pieces and immobilizing the cereal within bag 42. By using
adjustable force settings on the wrap head 56, hoop forces can be
tailored to the type of fill material 72 being inserted in bag 42.
Hoop forces allow for a very compact and rigid container, which
does not allow the fill material 72 to shift or get crushed within
bag 42. Bag 42 is filled without any internal frame or support
means, since the subsequent removal of such a frame or support
means would result in the hoop forces being dissipated and also
cause dislodging of the fill material 72 which may result in some
of the fill material 72 being crushed. When shroud 50 is used,
preferably the sides of shroud 50 are notched and scored in such a
way that the hoop forces can be transmitted to the fill material 72
without being absorbed by any corners of the shroud 50 or slipsheet
48.
[0043] FIG. 10 is an alternative embodiment of a wrapping system
200. Wrapping system 200 includes a lower turntable 54, a movable
top hat 130, and a wrap head 56 having a roll of outer wrap 58. The
top hat 130 and lower turntable 54 are synchronously rotated in
unison through a motor 202 and connecting drive shaft 204. Top hat
130 is movable between an upward position as shown in FIG. 10 and a
downward position as shown in FIG. 1. The top hat 130 includes an
inner rim 206 and an outer rim 208.
[0044] In FIG. 11 the top hat 130 is shown in the downward loading
position. In this position an operator places a bag 42 inside the
inner rim 206 and takes the top of the bag 42 over the inner rim
206 and between the inner rim 206 and the outer rim 208. Outer rim
208 is held in an elevated position by a plurality of pneumatic
arms 210 such that there is a gap between the outer rim 208 and the
inner rim 206. This is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. In FIG. 12 the
outer rim 208 is shown in the elevated position for loading of the
bag 42. Outer rim 208 includes a series of pressure points 212
spaced around the inside of outer rim 208. Once the bag 42 has been
loaded over inner rim 206 the pneumatic arms 210 are lowered as
shown in FIG. 13 and pressure points 212 contact bag 42 and press
it against inner rim 206 to hold bag 42 within top hat 130.
[0045] Once the bag 42 has been loaded into top hat 130 the top hat
130 is raised to the upper position as shown in FIG. 14. In the
upper position top hat 130 is aligned with a feed chute 214 for
providing fill material 72 to the bag 42. Initially, hot air is
blown through fill chute 214 to expand bag 42 as shown in FIG.
14.
[0046] As described above, the fill material 72 is run into bag 42
and the outer wrap 58 is spirally wrapped around the bag 42 at a
position near to the fill level of the fill material 72 as shown in
FIG. 15.
[0047] If the fill material 72 is a compressible material such as
fiber, textiles, fiberglass insulation, etc. it is possible to
compress the whole bag 42 vertically prior to sealing the bag 42.
The advantage of this design would be to reduce the cubic footprint
of the material and thereby reduce shipping costs. The flexible
nature of the bag 42, wrap 58, and fill material 72 make this
possible. The compressed load can be wrapped vertically using
vertical wrappers from Lantech.
[0048] As described above, once the fill material 72 is at the
proper level in the bag 42 the bag 42 can be closed by a number of
different mechanisms and methods, described above, or it can be
left open depending on the type of fill material 72. FIGS. 16 and
17 show one mechanism for automatically closing bag 42. The
mechanism comprises a first swing bar 216 and a second swing bar
218. The first swing bar 216 is swung against the bag 42 to provide
a first crease in the bag and then the second swing bar 218 is
swung against the bag to fold the top of the bag over as shown in
FIG. 17. At this point, the wrapping of outer wrap 58 is continued
in a downward direction as shown in FIG. 18 to produce the final
container.
[0049] As discussed above, it is possible to utilize the bag 42
with certain types of fill material 72 that do not require a pallet
50 be located below the bag 42 on the turntable 54. In one
embodiment, the bag 42 is placed on a pull-pack type slipsheet 58
or shroud 50. Once the bag 42 is filled with fill material 72 a
pull-pack type forklift can be utilized to pull the filled bag 42
off the lower turntable 54 and load it into a vehicle for
transportation. Such pull-pack slipsheets are known by those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0050] The foregoing invention has been described in accordance
with the relevant legal standards, thus the description is
exemplary rather than limiting in nature. Variations and
modifications to the disclosed embodiment may become apparent to
those skilled in the art and do come within the scope of the
invention. Accordingly, the scope of legal protection afforded this
invention can only be determined by studying the following
claims.
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