U.S. patent application number 10/141021 was filed with the patent office on 2004-02-05 for black walnut tree named 'beineke 4'.
Invention is credited to Beineke, Walter F..
Application Number | 20040025210 10/141021 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 31186237 |
Filed Date | 2004-02-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20040025210 |
Kind Code |
P1 |
Beineke, Walter F. |
February 5, 2004 |
Black walnut tree named 'Beineke 4'
Abstract
A new and distinct cultivar of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra
L.) which is distinctly characterized by extremely rapid growth
rate, very strong central stem tendency, and excellent
straightness, thereby producing excellent timber qualities. The new
variety has good nut bearing qualities. Nut crops are abundant and
annual. Nut bearing begins early in the life of the tree. This new
variety of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra L.) was discovered by
the applicant near South Raub, Tippecanoe County, Ind. in a black
walnut planting of seedling progeny from previously selected trees
for outstanding timber producing potential. This selection has been
designated as BW500, a seedling progeny of BW 249 in records
maintained by the applicant on the performance of the selection and
grafts made from the selection and will be known henceforth as
`Beineke 4.`
Inventors: |
Beineke, Walter F.; (West
Lafayette, IN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BARNES & THORNBURG
P.O. BOX 2786
CHICAGO
IL
60690-2786
US
|
Family ID: |
31186237 |
Appl. No.: |
10/141021 |
Filed: |
May 8, 2002 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
PLT/154 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01H 5/08 20130101; A01H
6/54 20180501 |
Class at
Publication: |
PLT/154 |
International
Class: |
A01H 005/00 |
Claims
I claim:
1. A new and distinct variety of black walnut tree named `Beineke
4` substantially as described, which has excellent timber quality,
is fast growing, has strong central stem tendency, no sweep, no
crooks, and abundant annual nut crops early in the life of the
tree.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This new variety of black walnut tree (Juglans nigra L.) was
discovered by the applicant near South Raub, Tippecanoe County,
Ind. in a black walnut planting of seedling progeny from previously
selected trees for outstanding timber producing potential. This
selection has been designated as BW500, a seedling progeny of BW
249 in records maintained by the applicant on the performance of
the selection and grafts made from the selection and will be known
henceforth as `Beineke 4.`
[0002] After the original clone was selected, and assigned an
identity number of BW500 the aforesaid tree was reproduced by
collecting scions from it and grafting these onto common black
walnut rootstocks at American Forestry Technology Company, West
Lafayette, Ind. These asexual reproductions ran true to the parent
tree and to each other in all respects.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0003] A new and distinct cultivar of black walnut tree (Juglans
nigra L.) which is distinctly characterized by extremely rapid
growth rate, very strong central stem tendency, and excellent
straightness, thereby producing excellent timber qualities. The new
variety has good nut bearing qualities. Nut crops are abundant and
annual. Nut bearing begins early in the life of the tree.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the timber form of `Beineke
4.`
[0005] FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the leaves of `Beineke
4.`
[0006] FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the nuts of `Beineke 4.`
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT
[0007] The botanical details of this new and distinct variety of
walnut tree are as follows:
[0008] Tree:
[0009] Size.--Large.
[0010] Vigor.--Vigorous.
[0011] Growth rate.--Very rapid, 37% larger in diameter than the
average of Purdue Igrafts, planted the same year on the same land.
Diameter growth rate (at 41/2 feet above the ground) averages 0.743
inches per year over 7 years.
[0012] Form.--Excellent timber form, as good as Purdue 1, 57%
straighter than average of the entire planting on a rating scale of
1 (excellent) to 5 (very poor), no crooks, very strong central stem
tendency -- averages 1 on the 1 to 5 scale.
[0013] Leaves:
[0014] Compound leaves.--Size -- Shorter than average; average
length -- 13.60"
[0015] Leaflets.--Size -- Smaller than average; average length --
3.48"; average width -- 1.35"; average number of leaflets -- 18.0--
lanceolate; acutely pointed.
[0016] Thickness -- thin; Texture -- smooth; Margin -- serrated;
Petiole -- short; Color -- Topside -- dark green; Underside --
light green.
[0017] Anthracnose resistance.--Good.
[0018] Nut:
[0019] Size.--Small; average length -- 1.33"; average diameter in
suture plane -- 1.10"; average diameter cheek to cheek --
1.37".
[0020] Uniformity of size.--Not much variation.
[0021] Form.--Rounded; flattened in suture plane.
[0022] Blossom end.--Pointed.
[0023] Basal end.--Slightly pointed to rounded.
[0024] Thickness of shell.--Thick.
[0025] Ridges.--Sharp.
[0026] Flowering habit:
[0027] Age at which trees start producing catkins.--Early.
[0028] Number of catkins produced.--Abundant.
[0029] Age at which tree starts producing pistillate
flowers.--Early.
[0030] Number of pistillate flowers produced by young
trees.--Abundant.
[0031] Number of pistillate flowers produced by mature
trees.--Abundant.
[0032] Lateral shoots producing pistillate flowers.--Few.
[0033] Number of pistillate flowers per inflorescence.--2 to 4.
[0034] Nut crop:
[0035] Bearing.--Annual.
[0036] Productivity.--Heavy.
[0037] Ripening period.--Mid-season.
[0038] Evenness of maturity (period between first and last nuts are
ready for harvest).--Even.
[0039] Quality.--Good.
[0040] Distribution of nuts on tree.--Throughout.
[0041] DNA "Fingerprint" For Identification of Beineke 4:
[0042] DNA was isolated from the leaves of Beineke 4. For purposes
of DNA fingerprinting, nine highly polymorphic loci from a suite of
microsatellites developed by Woeste et al. (2002) were chosen.
Microsatellites sizes were checked against previously published
standards and verified by a second independent analysis. The
"fingerprint" is the collection of microsatellite allele sizes at
each locus for Beineke 4.
[0043] DNA was isolated from the leaves of 10 black walnut trees
obtained from Walter Beineke using CTAB extraction buffer (50 mM
TRIS-HCL, pH 8.0, 20 mM EDTA, pH 8.0, 0.7 M NaCl, 0.4 M LiCl, 2%
SDS, 2% TAB, nd 1% PVP). After isolation the DNA from each tree was
quantified and diluted with nanopure distilled water to a final
concentration of 5 ng/.mu.L. The samples were stored in 96-well
plates at 20.degree. C.
[0044] For purposes of DNA fingerprinting, nine highly polymorphic
loci from a suite of microsatellites developed by Woeste et al.
(2002) were chosen. Amplification of each locus was performed with
an MJ Research Tetrad Thermocycler (Waltham, Mass.) using 10 .mu.L
reactions in 96-well plates. The PCR reaction mix contained 2 .mu.L
of the aforementioned black walnut DNA, 5 .mu.L Sigma Taq ReadyMix
(Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.), 0.4 .mu.L of a 20 pmol mixture of
forward and reverse fluorescence labeled primer, and 3 .mu.L PCR
grade water supplied with the Sigma ReadyMix. PCR amplification was
for 30 cycles of 94.degree. C. for 20 sec, 55.degree. C. for 30
sec, and 72.degree. C. for 1 min. All primers were annealed at
55.degree. C. The products were then held at 4.degree. C. until
aliquots could be loaded into 6% Long Ranger polyacrylamide)
denaturing gels (BMA, Rockland, Me.). For each individual 0.5 .mu.L
PCR product was added to 0.75 .mu.L blue dextran and 0.25 .mu.L of
CYR 350 bp Ladder Standard (Promega, Fitchburg Center, Wis.) in a
new 96-well 1 late. The samples were denatured for 2 min at
95.degree. C. and loaded onto a CAL96 96-well laminated membrane
comb (The Gel Company, San Francisco, Calif.). Electrophoresis was
at 3,000 V, 60 mA, 200 Watts, 50.degree. C. for 2 hours using an
ABI 377 (Perkin Elmer) with 36 cm plates and 0.2 mm spacers. The
resulting data was analyzed using ABI's GeneScan 3.1.2 and
Genotyper 2.5 (Perkin Elmer). Microsatellite sizes were checked
against previously published standards and verified by a second
independent analysis. The "fingerprint" is the collection of
microsatellite allele sizes at each locus for each tree.
[0045] Primer Sequences
1 Locus Forward Reverse WGA2 GACGACGAAGGTGTACGGAT
GTACGGCTCTCCTTGCAGTC WGA6 CCATGAAACTTCATGCGTTG CATCCCAAGCGAAGGTTG
WGA24 TCCCCCTGAAATCTTCTCCT TTCTCGTGGTGCTTGTTGAG WGA32
CTCGGTAAGCCACACCAATT ACGGGCAGTGTATGCATGTA WG33 TGGTCTGCGAAGACACTGTC
GGTTCGTCGTTTGTTGACCT WGA86 ATGCCTCATCTCCATTCTGG
TGAGTGGCAATCACAAGGAA WGA89 ACCCATCTTTCACGTGTGTG
TGCCTAATTAGCAATTTCCA WGA90 CTTGTAATCGCCCTCTGCTC
TACCTGCAACCCGTTACACA WGA97 GGAGAGGAAAGGAATCCAAA
TTGAACAAAAGGCCGTTTTC
[0046] Best interpretation of the current data indicates that the
probability that any other black walnut tree would have the
collection of microsatellite allele sizes listed is less that 1 in
10.sup.-17.
[0047] Microsatellites Used to Fingerprint Beineke 4:
2 WGA2 WGA6 WGA24 WGA32 WGA90 168 168 142 142 234 240 171 207 152
160 WGA86 WGA97 WGA33 WGA89 220 234 153 155 208 208 187 19
DOCUMENTS CITED
[0048] Woeste, K., Burns, R., Rhodes, O., and Michler, C. (2002)
(In Press) Thirty polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci from
black walnut. Journal of Heredity.
* * * * *