U.S. patent application number 10/154688 was filed with the patent office on 2003-11-27 for enhanced impact and energy absorbing product for footwear, protective equipment, floors, boards, walls, and other surfaces.
Invention is credited to Abraham, Carl J..
Application Number | 20030217483 10/154688 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 29548937 |
Filed Date | 2003-11-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030217483 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Abraham, Carl J. |
November 27, 2003 |
Enhanced impact and energy absorbing product for footwear,
protective equipment, floors, boards, walls, and other surfaces
Abstract
A complete energy absorbing system for a variety of items,
including athletic shoes. To accomplish the foregoing, the
invention utilizes a series of encapsulated springs that are always
in a state of suspension. Such is a result of the unique stiffening
of the conical spring during compression thereof. In the preferred
mode, the encapsulated springs are conical in nature, and alternate
between standard and upside-down orientation, providing the utmost
in strength and support while preventing the springs from bottoming
out upon impact. Importantly, as distinguished from the prior art,
an encapsulating material placed around a plurality of conical
springs prevents the springs from being continually placed in a
stressed situation, thus maintaining their structural integrity.
Such encapsulating material may be made of a polymeric or
thermoplastic material, which conforms to the conical shape of the
springs and their respective apertures, functioning to aid in the
dissipation of impact forces. In enhanced modes, the polymeric or
thermoplastic material may also be placed within the interior of a
conical spring, to provide additional stability and absorption and
dissipation of forces. The uniqueness of the encapsulation of the
springs is that such a configuration allows for specific designs,
lengths, and widths, as well as ease of placement in pre-formed
openings in the padding or encapsulating material for the
manufacture of the final product. Because the springs work in
conjunction with one another, and because the springs work in
conjunction with the encapsulating material, the present invention
provides a durable, long-lasting system that allows for
previously-unattained stability and comfort.
Inventors: |
Abraham, Carl J.; (Great
Neck, NY) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Carl J. Abraham
3 Baker Hill Road
Great Neck
NY
11023
US
|
Family ID: |
29548937 |
Appl. No.: |
10/154688 |
Filed: |
May 24, 2002 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
36/28 ; 36/27;
36/37; 36/38 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B 13/182 20130101;
A43B 13/187 20130101; A43B 21/30 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
36/28 ; 36/27;
36/37; 36/38 |
International
Class: |
A43B 013/28 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
conical springs, comprising: padding comprising an outermost layer
and innermost layer, and further comprising a plurality of conical
apertures, each of a previously-determined size, and each located
in a previously-determined area in a previously-determined
proximity to one another; a plurality of conical spring members,
each of a previously-determined varying length, inserted within the
conical apertures of the padding, and encapsulated by the padding;
a previously-determined quantity of the conical spring members
upright in orientation, and a previously-determined quantity of the
conical spring members upside-down in orientation, functioning to
allow for increased absorption and dissipation of forces per unit
volume; the outermost panel covering the plurality of springs of
the assembly, the outermost panel functioning to receive primary
forces coming in contact therewith, with the plurality of springs
receiving secondary forces, the padding encapsulating same
receiving additional forces, and only remaining dissipated forces
distributed to a user, with springs in close proximity to one
another functioning to create increased absorption and dissipation
of impact forces, and springs located further from one another
functioning to create decreased absorption and dissipation of
impact forces.
2. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the assembly is
incorporated within a previously-determined area of an athletic
shoe.
3. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 2, wherein longer springs are located
at a heel portion of the athletic shoe, and gradually shorter
springs are located towards a mid-section of the athletic shoe.
4. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 3, wherein springs are located along
the length of the entire athletic shoe, including to a toe portion
thereof.
5. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein springs are located along
the width of the entire athletic shoe, including left and right
sides thereof.
6. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the spring assembly is
used in connection with items selected from the group consisting of
helmets, chest protectors, shin guards, shoulder pads, knee pads,
elbow pads, crash mats, boards, floors, walls, and other flat
surfaces.
7. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the assembly is used for
an activity selected from the group consisting of diving, swimming,
ice hockey, roller hockey, roller skating, skateboarding, field
hockey, soccer, lacrosse, football, arena football, boxing,
wrestling, gymnastics, baseball, auto racing, motorcycle racing,
cycling, and track and field events.
8. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the presence of springs
within the assembly reduces a quantity of padding needed, thus
reducing weight and manufacturing costs.
9. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the assembly is used in
conjunction with boards of indoor sporting arenas.
10. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein each spring is tailored to
absorb and dissipate foreseeable forces of ground surfaces, humans
and objects coming in contact with the spring assembly.
11. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the springs are
manufactured of polymeric materials.
12. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the springs are
manufactured of metal materials, including steel and titanium.
13. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the spring is of a width
of a range of one-sixteenth inch to three inches.
14. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the spring assembly is
manufactured in a variety of previously determined sizes,
functioning to render the spring assembly effective for multiple
previously determined sporting events and hazardous activities.
15. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein conical spring members
upright in orientation, and conical spring members upside-down in
orientation are utilized in alternating format.
16. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein padding is located within
an interior of at least one conical spring, functioning to allow
for increased absorption and dissipation of impact forces.
17. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the springs are coated
with a polymeric material, functioning to reduce friction of the
spring against the encapsulating polymeric material.
18. The impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing multiple
springs as described in claim 1, wherein the springs are located
within a thin, pliable polymeric containment means, functioning to
reduce friction of the spring against the encapsulating polymeric
material.
19. An impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing a conical
spring, comprising: padding comprising an outermost layer and
innermost layer, and further comprising a conical aperture of a
previously-determined size, located in a previously-determined
area; a conical spring member of a previously-determined length,
inserted within the conical aperture of the padding, and
encapsulated by the padding; the outermost panel covering the
spring of the assembly, the outermost panel functioning to receive
primary forces coming in contact therewith, with the spring
receiving secondary forces, the padding encapsulating same
receiving additional forces, and only remaining dissipated forces
distributed to a user.
20. An impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing springs
selected from the group consisting of ribbon-shaped springs and
bell-shaped springs, comprising: padding comprising an outermost
layer and innermost layer, and further comprising a plurality of
apertures, each of a previously-determined size, and each located
in a previously-determined area; a plurality of spring members,
each of a previously-determined varying length, inserted within the
apertures of the padding, and encapsulated by the padding; the
outermost panel covering the plurality of springs of the assembly,
the outermost panel functioning to receive primary forces coming in
contact therewith, with the plurality of springs receiving
secondary forces, the padding encapsulating same receiving
additional forces, and only remaining dissipated forces distributed
to a user.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The purpose of the present invention is to create a complete
energy absorbing system for a variety of items, including athletic
shoes. To accomplish the foregoing, the invention utilizes a series
of encapsulated springs that are always in a state of suspension.
Such is a result of the unique stiffening of the conical spring
during compression thereof. In the preferred mode, the encapsulated
springs are conical in nature, and alternate between standard and
upside-down orientation, providing the utmost in strength and
support while preventing the springs from bottoming out upon
impact. Importantly, as distinguished from the prior art, an
encapsulating material placed at least around a plurality of
conical springs prevents the springs from being continually placed
in a stressed situation, thus maintaining their structural
integrity. Such encapsulating material may be made of a polymeric
or thermoplastic material, which conforms to the conical shape of
the springs and their respective apertures, functioning to aid in
the dissipation of impact forces. In enhanced modes, the polymeric
or thermoplastic material may also be placed within the interior of
a conical spring, to provide additional stability and absorption
and dissipation of forces. The uniqueness of the encapsulation of
the springs is that such a configuration allows for specific
designs, lengths, and widths, as well as ease of placement in
pre-formed openings in the padding or encapsulating material for
the manufacture of the final product. Because the springs work in
conjunction with one another, and because the springs work in
conjunction with the encapsulating material, the present invention
provides a durable, long-lasting system that allows for
previously-unattained stability and comfort.
[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0004] Numerous innovations for improved energy absorbing designs
have been provided in the prior art that are described as follows.
Even though these innovations may be suitable for the specific
individual purposes to which they address, they differ from the
present invention as hereinafter contrasted. The following is a
summary of those prior art patents most relevant to the invention
at hand, as well a description outlining the differences between
the features of the present invention and those of the prior
art.
[0005] 1. U.S. Pat. No. 5,993,585, invented by Goodwin et al.,
entitled "Resilient Bladder For Use In Footwear And Method Of
Making The Bladder"
[0006] The Goodwin et al. invention includes a method for forming a
resilient bladder structure for use in the sole of footwear. The
method comprises the steps of forming a shell from a flexible
material to have a floor and a perimeter sidewall extending from
the floor; placing a core, having spaced apart outer surfaces
connected together by a plurality of connecting members, into the
shell within the area bounded by the sidewalls; enclosing the shell
and core with a covering sheet; bonding the floor of the shell to
one outer surface of the core and the covering sheet to the other
outer surface of the core by applying pressure and heat to the
shell-core-covering sheet assembly to compress the core during the
bonding step; preventing bonding of the sidewall to the covering
sheet during the compression of the core; and bonding the covering
sheet to an outer edge of the perimeter sidewall of the shell to
form a sealed bladder structure; and placing fluid into the
interior of the bladder so that the plurality of connecting members
are placed under tension.
[0007] 2. U.S. Pat. No. 5,592,706, invented by Pearce, entitled
"Cushioning Device Formed From Separate Reshapable Cells"
[0008] In the patent to Pearce, a cushion that includes a base and
numerous bladders locatable on the base is disclosed and claimed.
Each bladder contains a quantity of filler insufficient to
completely fill the bladder, and each bladder has a loose or
elastomeric skin to accommodate its conforming to the shape of an
object to be supported by the cushion. The top surface of each
bladder acts as a hammock when supporting a cushioned object, and
the bladders interact with each other to accommodate protuberance
and crevices of the cushioned object. Other embodiments of the
invention include a cushion that is pre-shaped in a form
complementary to the shape of the object to be cushioned, and a
cushion that re-shapes itself to maintain supporting forces that
are generally equal across the contact surface of the supported
object.
[0009] 3. U.S. Pat. No. 6,282,814, invented by Krafsur et al.,
entitled "Spring Cushioned Shoe"
[0010] In the patent to Krafsur, et al. a spring cushioned shoe is
disclosed. The shoe includes a sole assembly that has a first
spring disposed within a vacuity in the heel portion of the
assembly, and a second spring disposed within a vacuity in the ball
portion of the assembly. The springs are, e.g., wave springs that
extend vertically from the upper to the lower internal boundaries
of the vacuities.
[0011] 4. U.S. Pat. No. 5,671,552, invented by Pettibone et al.,
entitled "Athletic Shoe"
[0012] The patent to Pettibone et al. describes an athletic shoe of
the type having a bottom portion for aiding the user in jumping
activities. The athletic shoe comprises: an upper portion for
engaging the top of a foot on which the athletic shoe is worn; a
bottom portion connected to the upper portion for engaging a sole
of the foot; the bottom portion having at least an upper and a
lower strata generally conforming to the outline of the sole of the
foot and spaced from one another to define a cavity therebetween; a
plurality of spring members mounted in the cavity and adapted for
providing a spring action perpendicular to the sole; an air bladder
disposed within the cavity; a rigid tube member forming an air
passageway therein in connection between a first end opening and a
second end having an intake aperture therethrough; the first end
opening is in fluid connection with the air bladder and the intake
aperture is exposed to the atmosphere; and a blocking mechanism
functionally connected to the rigid tube member in a manner to
block the passage of air through the intake aperture when the
blocking mechanism is in a closed position and to allow the passage
of air through the intake aperture when the blocking mechanism is
in an open position.
[0013] 5. U.S. Pat. No. 6,055,747, invented by Lombardino, entitled
"Shock-Absorption And Energy Return Assembly For Shoes"
[0014] The patent to Lombardino describes a shock absorption and
energy return assembly for increasing the overall performance of a
shoe by increasing the stability and shock absorption of the heel.
The inventive device includes a lower guide member having a
plurality of lower apertures and lower spring retainers, an upper
guide member having a plurality of upper apertures and upper spring
retainers, a plurality of compression springs positioned within the
lower spring retainers and the upper spring retainers, a sealed
encasement having a lower portion and an upper portion surrounding
the lower guide member and the upper guide member, and a plurality
of lower extrusions and upper extrusions. The lower guide member
and the upper guide member are preferably U-shaped. The plurality
of compression springs are aligned within the perimeter of the
lower guide member and the upper guide member for providing maximum
stability and response for the user. The encasement is preferably
filled with a pressurized gas for adding stability and dampening of
the compression springs. The inventive device is designed to be
inserted or molded within the heel portion of the mid-sole of a
shoe. The encasement is preferably constructed of a transparent or
semi-transparent material utilized in combination with a cutout
within the mid-sole thereby allowing individuals to view the
inventive device in operation.
[0015] 6. U.S. Pat. No. 6,006,449, invented by Orlowski et al.,
entitled "Footwear Having Spring Assemblies In The Soles
Thereof"
[0016] In the patent to Orlowski et al., a shoe having a
preassembled spring assembly incorporated into the sole thereof is
provided. The spring assembly includes a pair of plates having a
plurality of apertures formed therein. The pair of plates define an
upper plate and a lower plate in which the apertures formed in the
upper and lower plates are axially aligned when the upper plate is
disposed directly above the lower plate. A plurality of spring
members are disposed between the upper and lower plates. The spring
members are axially aligned with the plurality of apertures. A
mechanism for retaining the spring members between the upper and
lower plates is also provided. The mechanism for retaining is
designed for retaining the upper and lower plates at a
predetermined distance.
[0017] 7. U.S. Pat. No. 5,782,014, invented by Peterson, entitled
"Athletic Shoe Having Spring Cushioned Midsole"
[0018] The patent to Peterson describes an athletic shoe having a
spring cushioned midsole assembly which is advantageous from a
combined stability and impact absorption/energy dissipation
standpoint. A preferred form of the invention includes a spring
foam midsole unit having plural spaced projections in forefoot and
heel regions, with an additional spring foam heel unit having
projections facing the projections of the heel portion of the
midsole unit. In addition, the central region of the midsole unit
is substantially flat to provide sufficient support and stability,
while also providing advantageous impact/force absorption and
energy dissipation in the front and heel regions of the shoe. By
providing spaced projections, in combination with a modulator or
base portion having a substantial thickness, the projections can
act independently with respect to one another and can interact with
the modulator portion to provide an advantageous stable cushioning
effect. In an optional aspect of the invention, a mock window is
disposed in the exterior of the shoe, and includes a mock
representation of the cushioned midsole assembly.
[0019] 8. U.S. Pat. No. 5,678,327, invented by Halberstadt,
entitled "Shoe With Gait-Adapting Cushioning Mechanism"
[0020] The patent to Halberstadt describes an athletic shoe
incorporating a cushioning and gait-adapting device which provides
resilient cushioning while adapting to the gait of the user during
running and other athletic activities. The shoe comprises an upper
and a sole with the sole having a heel with medial and lateral
ground-engaging elements. A cushioning and energy return and
gait-adapting device is provided and comprises a support structure
and one or more spring devices. Each spring device has a generally
U-shaped pivot or swivel section and lateral and medial resiliently
flexible pods. The pivot section has a midportion which is
supported by the pivot cradle of the support structure. Resilient
flexing of the lateral pod responsive to weight-bearing forces
causes reaction forces to be applied across to the medial pod which
is then caused to flex so that the medial pod is brought into an
orientation for contact with the ground.
[0021] 9. U.S. Pat. No. 5,544,431, invented by Dixon, entitled
"Shock Absorbing Shoe With Adjustable Insert"
[0022] The Dixon invention is an improved sport shoe having a
spring biased heel with operator insertable foam inserts for
varying the biasing ability of the heel. The foam inserts are
colored allowing instant determination of the type of activity the
shoe is suitable for. The inserts allowing the wearer of the shoe
to customize the shoe for a particular activity. High deceit foam
inserts provide support for basketball or the like jumping sports.
Medium deceit foam inserts provide support for aerobic or the like
activities. Low deceit foam inserts provide support for low impact
activities such as jogging and no foam inserts provide unlimited
spring range suitable for cushioned walking.
[0023] 10. U.S. Pat. No. 5,502,901, invented by Brown, entitled
"Shock Reducing Footwear And Method Of Manufacture"
[0024] The Brown invention is an article of footwear which has an
outsole with a cavity in the heel region in which a cushioning
insert is installed to cushion impacts and provide added lift to
the wearer. The heel region of the outsole projects outwardly
beyond the periphery of the heel region of the shoe upper to form a
projecting peripheral rim. The cavity has an upper wall and a lower
wall and a plurality of springs extend between the upper and lower
walls at spaced intervals around the peripheral rim. Opposing
magnets are mounted in the walls in a central region of the cavity
with their like poles facing one another to provide a magnetic
biasing force which augments the spring load.
[0025] The aforementioned prior art patents illustrate various
spring designs, including: a method for forming a resilient bladder
structure, including fluid therein, for use in the sole of
footwear; various cushions in particular pre-shaped forms;
spring-cushioned shoes utilizing a very small quantity of springs;
cushioned shoes utilizing air bladders; shock absorption assemblies
for increasing stability and shock absorption of the heel in
particular; spring assemblies utilizing solid plates; and sport
shoes having a spring biased heel with operator insertable foam
inserts for varying the biasing ability of the heel.
[0026] In contrast to the above, the present invention creates a
complete energy absorbing system for a variety of items, including
shoes, by utilizing a series of encapsulated conical springs that
are always in a state of suspension. The top and bottom part of
each spring are flat, allowing the encapsulating material
therearound to maintain its structural integrity. The springs are
conveniently placed within conical pre-formed openings in the
padding and the height of the springs varies from a heel of a shoe
to the arch and to the sole, with the tallest springs located in
the heel area. Usage of the conical springs, teamed with polymeric
material in appropriate places, allows for greater absorption and
dissipation per unit height and represents a departure from the
"trampoline" effect found with non-conical springs utilized in the
prior art.
[0027] Importantly, the comical springs alternate between straight
up and upside-down configuration, to enhance the degree to which
the system can absorb and dissipate forces. The springs are placed
between the inner and outer sole in the same manner to the heel
area, to provide increased absorption of forces in a widespread
area. Moreover, the polymeric material may be located within the
conical spring, functioning to allow for greater stability than is
realized through usage of the prior art.
[0028] Thus, the "floating" mechanism of the present invention can
reduce the force experienced by the body to a level better than
50%, due to the complete control of the design of the spring, that
does not change its resilience characteristics during its usage and
application.
[0029] In alternate embodiments, the floating system is applied to
protective helmets and equipment including, but not limited to
crash mats and gymnastic mats, which typically lose their
resilience over a protracted period of time. Regarding helmets, the
encapsulated conical spring system may be placed in a series of
pre-formed openings in the padding under the shell. The height of
the spring varies with the location, with the neck area comprising
the shortest, and the crown of the head comprising the longest
springs. Therefore, in total, the springs of the present invention
can be designed to absorb and dissipate higher energy forces than
any preexisting system used in any sport.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0030] As noted, the purpose of the present invention is to create
a complete energy absorbing system for a variety of items,
including athletic shoes. To accomplish the foregoing, the
invention utilizes a series of encapsulated springs that are always
in a state of suspension. In the preferred mode, the encapsulated
springs are conical in nature, providing the utmost in strength and
support while preventing the springs from bottoming out upon
impact. Such is a result of the unique stiffening of the conical
spring during compression thereof. The springs alternate between
standard and upside-down orientation, as desired, according to the
item in which they are incorporated. Furthermore, additional
non-cylindrical springs, such as ribbon-shaped, bell-shaped, and
other styles of spring may also be utilized according to the
principles noted above.
[0031] Importantly, as distinguished from the prior art, an
encapsulating material placed around a plurality of conical springs
prevents the springs from being continually placed in a stressed
situation, thus maintaining their structural integrity. Such
encapsulating material may be made of a polymeric or thermoplastic
material, which conforms to the conical shape of the springs and
their respective apertures, functioning to aid in the dissipation
of impact forces. As will be shown in greater detail herein, the
same material may also appear within the conical spring, so as to
entirely encapsulate the spring to maximize its effectiveness.
[0032] As noted, the uniqueness of the encapsulation of the springs
is that such a configuration allows for specific designs, lengths,
and widths, as well as ease of placement in pre-formed openings in
the padding or encapsulating material for the manufacture of the
final product. Because the springs work in conjunction with one
another, and because the springs work in conjunction with the
encapsulating material, the present invention provides a durable,
long-lasting system that allows for previously-unattained stability
and comfort.
[0033] In general, placement of springs in prior art fixtures
impedes production of the final product, impedes stabilization of
the spring in place, allows for only a limited number of springs to
be utilized, and results in a lack of "float" sensation for the
user.
[0034] Thus, the configuration of the present invention solves a
well-known problem in the prior art, where repetitive injuries are
common. A runner's feet, for example, collide with the ground 800
to 2000 times per mile, or 50 to 70 times per minute for each foot,
at a force of three to eight times body weight (depending on the
terrain and the runner's weight). The impact at the foot surface
interface is absorbed by the running shoe or transmitted directly
to the athlete's leg and back. While a person is running, minor
anatomic and bio-mechanical abnormalities that are of no
significance in walking can produce injury.
[0035] In the present invention, then, it is important to note that
the height of the conical springs may vary, such as a variance from
a heel of a shoe to the arch and to the sole, with the tallest
springs located in the heel area. This provides increased
absorption of forces in a widespread area, much to the benefit of
the user. The encapsulated springs are further placed in a series
of conically-shaped pre-formed openings in the heel, arch and sole
areas and placed between the inner and outer sole area in the same
manner to the heel area, to alleviate the above problem.
[0036] Thus, the "floating" mechanism of the present invention can
reduce the force experienced by the body to a level better than
50%. Such is due to the complete control of the design of the
spring, that does not change its spring or resilience
characteristics during its usage and application. The present
assembly is designed so that the user feels in suspension, or
"floating," at all times.
[0037] The floating system will also benefit older or more fragile
athletes, as pre-existing athletic shoes particularly fail to
absorb sufficient forces when used on hard surfaces, such as
all-weather tennis courts. Many athletes' knees injure easily, and
the present invention will eliminate or minimize those injuries
significantly.
[0038] It should also be noted that the "floating" mechanism is
especially important for runners in that the heel of the runner
strikes the ground first. The floating design aids in the
absorption and dissipation of forces for runners and pronate and/or
suppinate. To render the assembly appropriate for all athletes,
minimal or no "floating" mechanism may be required in just the sole
area.
[0039] The floating system can also be applied to protective
helmets and all types of protective equipment used in sports
including, but not limited to crash mats and gymnastic mats. It is
a known fact that mats of all types lose their resilience over a
protracted period of time. The benefits of the floating design as
applied to a mat system is that the same would not lose resiliency,
and the spring assembly can be designed to absorb and dissipate
more forces than the pre-existing mats, such as absorbing forces
within specific pre-determined ranges.
[0040] With reference to items such as helmets, the encapsulated
conical spring system may be placed in a series of pre-formed
openings in the padding under the shell. The height of the spring
in such an embodiment varies with the location on the head, with
the neck area comprising the shortest, and the top of the head
comprising the longest springs. Therefore, in total, the springs of
the present invention can be designed to absorb and dissipate
higher energy forces than any preexisting system used in any sport
or activity.
[0041] Depending upon the exact environment in which the same are
to be used, the conical springs may be constructed of polymers or
metals including titanium and steel--lightweight, yet durable
materials to accomplish the purposes of the invention.
[0042] Importantly, the springs are spread throughout the area to
be protected and work in conjunction with one another, providing a
completely controlled protected area to effectively absorb and
dissipate forces upon impact.
[0043] In any such embodiment, the stiffness of the springs of the
invention may be tailored to an appropriate degree according to the
type of activity in which the invention is utilized. As previously
noted, such stiffness is inherently enhanced by the conical shape
of the springs utilized in the preferred mode.
[0044] Thus, in total, the present invention lessens the incidence
and severity of injury in a great variety of sporting activities,
at low costs and with ease of manufacture and installation.
[0045] Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to
provide a unique spring assembly for usage on footwear, protective
equipment, floors, boards, walls, and other surfaces, for the
purpose of enhancing absorption and dissipation of impact
forces.
[0046] It is specifically the object of the present invention to
provide an assembly utilizing a plurality of springs encapsulated
within padding material, such that impact forces are spread out and
distributed widely for the benefit of the user.
[0047] It is a further object of the invention to provide a conical
spring assembly that is manufactured in a variety of previously
determined sizes, so as to render the same effective for a host of
sporting activities and additional applications where such
protection is desired.
[0048] It is also an object of the present invention to provide an
impact and energy absorbing assembly that requires less padding
material to be used, thus reducing the weight of the item in
question.
[0049] It is generally an object of the present invention to
provide an impact and energy absorbing assembly that is relatively
inexpensive to manufacture.
[0050] It is also an object of the present invention to provide an
impact and energy absorbing assembly that utilizes springs in both
right-side up and upside-down orientation, to provide the highest
level of absorption and dissipation available.
[0051] It is further an object of the present invention to provide
an impact and energy absorbing assembly utilizing conical springs
that provide strength and durability for longer periods than the
springs utilized by the prior art.
[0052] The novel features which are considered characteristic for
the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention
itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of
operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof,
will be best understood from the following description of the
embodiments when read and understood in connection with
accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0053] FIG. 1 is a side perspective, partial cut-away view of a
full athletic shoe incorporating the enhanced floating system
therein.
[0054] FIG. 2 is a rear partial cut-away view of the heel portion
of the athletic shoe shown in FIG. 1.
[0055] FIG. 3 is a three-quarter, partial cut-away view of a helmet
incorporating the present invention.
[0056] FIG. 4 is a top cut-away view of the enhanced floating
system, illustrating conical springs encapsulated within conical
apertures therefor.
[0057] FIG. 5 is a side cut-away view of the enhanced floating
system, illustrating a single conical spring encapsulated within a
conical aperture therefor, and entirely surrounded by polymeric
material, including polymeric material within the interior of the
conical spring.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0058] This description relates to the general comments herein, as
well as the five figures referred to above. As noted, FIG. 1 is a
side perspective view of a full athletic shoe incorporating the
enhanced floating system therein. Included in the figure are the
primary components of the assembly: upper layer (12), lower layer
(14), padding (16), conical apertures within the padding (18),
conical springs (20) within the conical apertures. In FIG. 1, the
assembly is incorporated into an athletic shoe or sneaker (22),
which includes a heel portion (24), mid-portion (26), and toe
portion (28).
[0059] In the preferred mode, a plurality of conical spring members
(20) are uniquely encapsulated in conical apertures (18) within the
padding (16) in a previously-determined area of the sneaker (22).
Unlike the prior art, a large quantity of springs may be utilized
and the length of the springs varies, with the longer springs (20)
appearing at the heel portion of the shoe (24) and gradually
shorter springs (20) appearing towards the mid-section (26) of the
shoe. Importantly, the springs (20) alternate between upright and
upside-down in orientation, in an effort to make the most efficient
use possible of all available space. In addition, FIG. 1
illustrates that the springs may be of varying distances from one
another, according to the level of absorption and dissipation
utilized. For the purposes of example, springs in close proximity
will provide increased levels of absorption and dissipation, while
springs further form one another will result in decreased levels of
absorption and dissipation.
[0060] The number of springs utilized creates a system for great
distribution and spreading of forces, thereby reducing the adverse
effects of impact in a manner previously unattained. The particular
quantity and location of the conical springs in FIG. 1 are shown
for example purposes only, and the springs may be located along the
entire athletic shoe, including to the toe portion thereof (28), if
desired by the manufacturer.
[0061] Importantly, the presence of padding surrounding the conical
springs and working in conjunction with them prevents the springs
from bottoming out, or reaching their full capacity of energy
absorption. Furthermore, the assembly provides for complete memory,
which is instantaneous upon release of the force exerted. In
addition, the configuration functions to allow the outer portion of
the assembly to receive primary forces, with the conical springs
receiving secondary forces, the padding receiving additional
forces, and only remaining dissipated forces distributed to the
user. As such, the assembly compresses in a unique manner to absorb
the impact of humans coming in contact therewith.
[0062] Specifically, the configuration allows for the entire series
of conical springs of varying sizes to work in unison, as opposed
to a single spring or limited number of springs attempting to
absorb all forces received. This simply allows for a far greater
amount of energy absorbed by the assembly of the present invention.
Thus, regarding the present invention embodied within an athletic
shoe, the floating system will mitigate the incidence metatarsal
pain and a host of particular injuries.
[0063] Consistent with the foregoing, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the
heel portion of the athletic shoe (24) shown in FIG. 1,
illustrating that multiple conical springs (20) may be utilized
along the width of the heel, also unlike the prior art. As noted,
this configuration provides the utmost in impact and energy
absorption, and the length of the springs across the heel width may
also vary to compensate for the varying angles at which users land
thereon. Such is especially the case, given the stiffness resulting
in the conical springs upon compression thereof.
[0064] The incorporation of the present invention into the heel of
the athletic shoe is especially important, given the degree of
force placed upon the user's heel repetitively during activities
such as running and tennis.
[0065] Next, FIG. 3 is a three-quarter, partial cut-away view of a
helmet (30) incorporating the present invention, illustrating a
plurality of conical springs (20) encapsulated in conical apertures
(18) within the padding (16) to provide enhanced impact and energy
absorption. The drawing represents the configuration by which the
springs are incorporated, and such springs may be located anywhere
within the helmet, such as the crown area, forward surface, rear
surface, and both sides. Consistent with the description of FIG. 1,
the length of the springs varies, with longer springs appearing at
particularly sensitive portions and gradually shorter springs
appearing outwardly therefrom.
[0066] The depiction of the invention within a football style
helmet is for example purposes only, as the encapsulated springs
may also be utilized on items such as chest protectors, shin
guards, shoulder pads, knee pads, elbow pads, and a host of crash
mats, boards, floors, walls, and other flat surfaces.
[0067] It should be noted that when two separate devices, each
incorporating the assembly of the present invention, collide with
one another, the level of energy absorbed and dissipated by the
present invention is even greater than the already beneficial
result received through usage of just a single such device.
[0068] Thus, to use the example depicted in FIG. 3 herein,
helmet-to-helmet type collisions are common in many contact sports
such as football and hockey, and usage of the aforementioned
helmets by all players within a game will only reduce the incidence
of severe injury by that much more.
[0069] Next, consistent with all of the foregoing, FIG. 4 is a top
cut-away view of the present invention, illustrating a plurality of
conical springs (20) encapsulated within corresponding conical
apertures (18) within the padding (16) to provide enhanced impact
and energy absorption. As depicted, the apertures are pre-formed
within the padding or polymeric material, and each bear a unique
conical shape in order to effectively receive and contain the
conical springs in a secure manner.
[0070] Finally, regarding FIG. 5, which is a side cut-away view of
the enhanced floating system, illustrated a single conical spring
(20) encapsulated within a conical aperture therefore, and entirely
surrounded by polymeric material, including polymeric material
within the interior of the conical spring. This embodiment is
especially important, as the usage of polymeric material literally
within the interior of the spring adds significant stability to the
system, and even enables a single large conical spring to be
utilized. As such, the particular embodiment typified by FIG. 5 is
particularly suitable for usage in a heel area of an athletic shoe,
which receives significant levels of force on a constant basis. For
the purposes of example, a large conical spring may be utilized
from the center plane of the heel to the extremity thereof, with
such spring wrapped around additional polymeric material.
[0071] In regards to all FIGURES, the spring assembly comprises a
previously-determined quantity of springs, such quantity selected
according to the needs of any of a host of particular applications.
For example, differing numbers of springs may be utilized according
to particular needs and styles of footwear, such as whether the
same is intended for running, walking, or sporting activities such
as tennis or racquetball.
[0072] Regarding such applications of usage, it is important to
distinguish the present invention from prior art assemblies wherein
"spring-assisted" sneakers and the like are taught to enhance
jumping or other athletic performance. Rather than producing a
trampoline-type effect, it is the purpose of the present invention
to absorb and dissipate forces for the purpose of injury prevention
and user safety. As such, unlike certain assemblies disclosed in
the prior art, the present system meets all rules and regulations
of all major sports, rendering the same available for any physical
activity.
[0073] In preferred modes of manufacture, conical spring members
are produced in a thickness of a range of one-sixteenth inch to
three-quarter inch. However, other thicknesses of springs may be
utilized if desirable. Furthermore, it should be noted that
non-cylindrical springs, such as ribbon-shaped springs or
bell-shaped springs, may also be encapsulated within polymeric
materials to provide additional embodiments for the absorption and
dissipation of impact forces.
[0074] In all such cases, the springs are manufactured in a variety
of previously-determined sizes, functioning to render the springs
effective for multiple previously-determined sporting events and
hazardous activities. Thus, the assembly may be utilized for
protective devices in activities such as diving, swimming, ice
hockey, roller hockey, roller skating, skateboarding, field hockey,
soccer, lacrosse, football, arena football, gymnastics, baseball,
auto racing, motorcycle racing, cycling, and track and field
events.
[0075] It is imperative to note that the springs of the present
invention may be tailored to absorb and dissipate foreseeable
forces of humans and objects coming in contact with the assembly.
As such, the coiled springs allow for far greater adaptability to
particular needs than traditional pads constructed of foam and the
like.
[0076] Regarding the precise construction of the present invention,
the springs may manufactured of polymeric materials, such as a
durable plastic to provide strength for the assembly at inexpensive
cost of manufacture.
[0077] Alternatively, the springs may be manufactured of metal
materials, such as steel, if desired by the manufacturer.
Importantly, the spring could even be manufactured of titanium,
providing durability at sharply reduced weight and costs.
[0078] It is intended that the spring width also be variable
according to particular needs, such as of a width of a range of
one-sixteenth inch to one half inch. In all instances, the conical
apertures will vary in size in accordance to the respective spring
size, constantly allowing for a secure fit for each conical
spring.
[0079] Moreover, the spring assembly may be manufactured in a
variety of previously-determined sizes, functioning to render the
spring assembly effective for multiple previously determined
sporting events and hazardous activities. In any such instance, the
presence of the springs within the padding or wall will
significantly reduce the quantity of padding material needed, thus
reducing weight and manufacturing costs.
[0080] With regards to all descriptions and graphics, while the
present invention has been illustrated and described as embodied,
it is not intended to be limited to the details shown herein, since
it will be understood that various omissions, modifications,
substitutions and changes in the forms and details of the device
illustrated, and in its operation, can be made by those skilled in
the art without departing in any way from the spirit of the
invention.
[0081] Without further analysis, the foregoing will so reveal the
gist of the present invention that others can readily adapt it for
various applications without omitting features that from the
standpoint of prior art, constitute characteristics of the generic
or specific aspects of this invention. What is claimed as new and
desired to be protected by Letters Patent is set forth in the
appended claims.
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