U.S. patent application number 10/109087 was filed with the patent office on 2003-10-02 for enumeration, manageability, and security of a kvm extension device.
This patent application is currently assigned to Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P.. Invention is credited to Ferguson, Patrick L..
Application Number | 20030184960 10/109087 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 28453005 |
Filed Date | 2003-10-02 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030184960 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ferguson, Patrick L. |
October 2, 2003 |
Enumeration, manageability, and security of a KVM extension
device
Abstract
A computer interface extension configuration that includes a
host having a motherboard, an extension transmitter card, and an
extension receiver. The motherboard includes a first connector that
allows motherboard signals to be shared internal to the host, and a
second connector separate from the first connector that supports
communications with the host. The extension transmitter card is
positioned within the host and is electrically connected to the
motherboard of the host via at least the first connector and the
second connector. The extension transmitter card includes an
extension transmitter device having endpoint circuitry that
provides the host with information for enumeration, manageability,
and security. The extension receiver is connected to a plurality of
user interface devices and is extensibly connected to the extension
transmitter card. The extension receiver, among other things,
receives data transmissions from the extension transmitter card of
the host to thereby provide the data transmissions to one or more
of the plurality of user interface devices.
Inventors: |
Ferguson, Patrick L.;
(Cypress, TX) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Attn: Russell C. Scott
AKIN, GUMP, STRAUSS, HAUER & FELD, L.L.P.
Suite 1900
816 Congress Avenue
Austin
TX
78701
US
|
Assignee: |
Compaq Information Technologies
Group, L.P.
Houston
TX
|
Family ID: |
28453005 |
Appl. No.: |
10/109087 |
Filed: |
March 28, 2002 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
361/679.32 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 3/023 20130101;
G06F 3/038 20130101; G06F 3/0231 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
361/683 |
International
Class: |
H05K 005/00 |
Claims
I/we claim:
1. A computer interface extension configuration comprising: a host
having a motherboard with a first connector that allows motherboard
signals to be shared internal to the host, the motherboard also
having at least a second connector separate from the first
connector that supports communications with the host; an extension
transmitter card disposed within the host and being electrically
coupled to the motherboard of the host via at least the first
connector and the second connector, the extension transmitter card
including an extension transmitter device having endpoint circuitry
that provides the host with information for enumeration,
manageability, and security; and an extension receiver coupled to a
plurality of user interface devices, the extension receiver being
extensibly connected to the extension transmitter card and that at
least receives data transmissions from the extension transmitter
card of the host to thereby provide the data transmissions to one
or more of the plurality of user interface devices.
2. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension transmitter card comprises a peripheral
connection interface graphics controller that communicates with the
motherboard independent of communications on the first
connector.
3. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension transmitter card comprises an accelerated
graphics port controller that communicates with the motherboard
independent of communications on the first connector.
4. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the plurality of user interface devices comprise a
keyboard, a mouse, a video monitor, a speaker, a serial link, a USB
link, a power button, and a microphone.
5. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension receiver is extensibly connected to the
extension transmitter via a fiber optic cable.
6. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension receiver is extensibly connected to the
extension transmitter via a cable compatible with any version of
category five or above type cables.
7. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension transmitter card disposed within the host is
electrically coupled to the first connector of the motherboard of
the host via a ribbon cable disposed between the motherboard and
the extension transmitter card.
8. The computer interface extension configuration of claim 1
wherein the extension transmitter card disposed within the host is
electrically coupled to the second connector of the motherboard of
the host via one of a PCI, PCI-X, or AGP interface with the
extension transmitter card.
9. A computer interface extension transmitter comprising: a host
computer system having a motherboard with at least a first
connector and a second connector that is separate from the first
connector; an extension transmitter card electrically coupled to
the second connector of the motherboard, the extension transmitter
card including an extension transmitter device having endpoint
circuitry and a motherboard header, the motherboard header being
electrically coupled to the first connector of the host computer
system, the endpoint circuitry providing the host with information
for enumeration, manageability, and security; and an extension
receiver connected to the extension transmitter card and coupled to
at least one user interface device.
10. The computer interface extension transmitter of claim 9 wherein
the second connector disposed on the motherboard for electrically
coupling the extension transmitter card to the motherboard operates
according to a graphics communication standard taken from the group
consisting of a PCI interface, a PCI-X interface, and an AGP
interface.
11. The computer interface extension transmitter of claim 9 wherein
the first connector disposed on the motherboard separately from the
second connector comprises audio communications with the extension
receiver that pass through the extension transmitter card.
12. The computer interface extension transmitter of claim 9 wherein
the first connector disposed on the motherboard separately from the
second connector comprises analog video communications with the
extension receiver that pass through the extension transmitter
card.
13. The computer interface extension transmitter of claim 9 wherein
the first connector disposed on the motherboard separately from the
second connector comprises digital video communications with the
extension receiver that pass through the extension transmitter
card.
14. A method for extending computer interface communications
between a host computer and a plurality of computer interface
devices comprising: electrically connecting an extension
transmitter card to a slot in the host computer system, the
extension transmitter card including an extension transmitter
device having endpoint circuitry; enumerating the extension
transmitter device with the host computer system such that the
extension transmitter device is recognized by the host;
electrically connecting a motherboard header of the extension
transmitter card to a connector on the host that is separate from
the slot in the host with which the extension transmitter card is
electrically connected; and transmitting communications from the
extension transmitter card to an extension receiver to complete
operations with at least one of the plurality of computer interface
devices.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said transmitting communications
from the extension transmitter card comprises transmitting PCI
compatible graphics communications.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said transmitting communications
from the extension transmitter card comprises transmitting AGP
compatible graphics communications.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein the extension transmitter device
is enumerated by the host as a PCI device.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein the extension transmitter device
is enumerated by the host as a USB device.
19. The method of claim 14 wherein the extension transmitter device
is enumerated by the host as a SMBus device.
20. The method of claim 14 wherein said enumerating the extension
transmitter device further comprises enumerating other devices that
are electrically connected between the host computer and the
plurality of computer interface devices such that the extension
transmitter acts as a communication bridge to the other devices.
Description
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
[0001] The present application is related to the following U.S.
applications which are incorporated by reference in their
entireties: U.S. application Ser. No. 10/035,757, filed Dec. 31,
2001, entitled "Method Of Connecting To A KVM Transmitter Using
Internal Cables" by Ferguson et al. (Attorney Docket No. P01-3861);
U.S. application Ser. No. 10/035,778, filed Dec. 31, 2001, entitled
"Solution For Integrating A KVM Extension Transmitter With A
Graphics Controller On An Add-In Card" by Ferguson et al. (Attorney
Docket No. P01-3860); U.S. application Ser. No. ______, filed
concurrently herewith, entitled "Method Of Supporting Audio For KVM
Extension In A Server" by Ferguson et al. (Attorney Docket No.
P01-3862); and U.S. application Ser. No. ______,filed concurrently
herewith, entitled "Method of Powering On and Off A Computer Using
A Standard Keyboard" by Ferguson (Attorney Docket No.
P01-3868).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Standard computer interfaces such as keyboard, mouse, video,
and audio are often referred to as KVM ("keyboard, video, mouse")
products. "KVM extension" can be defined as extending the access
points for computer user interfaces such as keyboards, mice,
monitors, etc., i.e., user interfaces may operate with a host
processor although positioned outside the standard operating range
for the user interface products. KVM extension products are
particularly useful when dealing with rack mounted computer
solutions where the computers of the rack are positioned away from
the user interface products. However, among other things, today's
rack mounted solutions suffer from excessive cabling issues when
KVM extension products are introduced.
[0003] Fundamental components of computer interface extension
solutions include KVM products, an extension receiver, an extension
transmitter, and a host system. The extension solutions are
commonly known as "KVM" (keyboard, video, mouse) extensions. A
typical example for use of KVM extension solutions are remote
trading solutions, i.e., when stock traders desire to perform
remote trading without being required to accommodate a large number
of host computer systems under their desk on the trading floor. The
three major components used in remote trading solutions are a
manageability switch, a transmitter/receiver pair, and a multi
system switch. Each of these components are modular and can be used
alone or in any combination. The KVM extension mode of operation
typically supports user I/O protocols, sometimes referred to as
"legacy" protocols, such as PS/2, analog video, and serial.
[0004] Many other problems and disadvantages of the prior art will
become apparent to one skilled in the art after comparing such
prior art with the present invention as described herein.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Various aspects of the present invention are realized
through a computer interface extension configuration that includes
a host having a motherboard, an extension transmitter card, and an
extension receiver. The motherboard includes a first connector that
allows motherboard signals to be shared internal to the host, and a
second connector separate from the first connector that supports
communications with the host. The extension transmitter card is
positioned within the host and is electrically connected to the
motherboard of the host via at least the first connector and the
second connector. The extension transmitter card includes an
extension transmitter device with endpoint circuitry that
interfaces with the second connector independent from
communications that occur on the first connector. The extension
receiver is connected to a plurality of user interface devices and
is extensibly connected to the extension transmitter card. The
extension receiver, among other things, receives data transmissions
from the extension transmitter card of the host to thereby provide
the data transmissions to one or more of the plurality of user
interface devices.
[0006] The extension transmitter card of the computer interface
extension configuration may include a peripheral connection
interface (PCI) graphics controller that communicates with the
motherboard independent of communications on the first connector.
Alternatively, the extension transmitter card may include an
accelerated graphics port (AGP) controller that communicates with
the motherboard independent of communications on the first
connector. The plurality of user interface devices are typically
devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, a video monitor, a speaker, a
serial link, a USB link, a power button, and a microphone. The
extension receiver may be extensibly connected to the extension
transmitter via a fiber optic cable or via a cable compatible with
any version of category five or above type cables. One option for
electrically connecting the extension transmitter card to the first
connector of the motherboard of the host is via a ribbon cable
positioned between the motherboard and the extension transmitter
card. The extension transmitter card may be electrically connected
to the second connector of the motherboard of the host via one of a
PCI, PCI-X, or AGP interface.
[0007] Other aspects of the present invention may be realized with
a computer interface extension transmitter that is configured from
a host computer system having a motherboard with at least a first
connector and a second connector that is separate from the first
connector. An extension transmitter card is connected to the second
connector of the motherboard. The extension transmitter card
includes an extension transmitter device that has endpoint
circuitry and a motherboard header. The motherboard header is
electrically connected to the first connector of the host computer
system, and the endpoint circuitry of the extension transmitter
card provides the host computer system with information for
enumeration, manageability, and security. An extension receiver is
connected to the extension transmitter card and to at least one
user interface device.
[0008] In one embodiment, the second connector of the computer
interface extension transmitter is electrically connected to the
extension transmitter card of the motherboard and operates
according to a graphics communication standard taken from the group
consisting of a PCI interface, a PCI-X interface, and an AGP
interface. The first connector may be placed on the motherboard
separately from the second connector and include audio
communications with the extension receiver that pass through the
extension transmitter card. Passing through the extension
transmitter card to the extension receiver could be analog video
communications with the extension receiver and digital video
communications with the extension receiver. Still other aspects of
the present invention may be realized through a method for
extending computer interface communications between a host computer
and a plurality of computer interface devices. The method involves,
not necessarily in this order: electrically connecting an extension
transmitter card to a slot in the host computer system, the
extension transmitter card including an extension transmitter
device having endpoint circuitry; enumerating the extension
transmitter device of the extension transmitter card with the host
computer system such that the extension transmitter device is
recognized by the host; electrically connecting a motherboard
header of the extension transmitter card to a connector on the host
that is separate from the slot in the host with which the extension
transmitter card is electrically connected; and transmitting
communications from the extension transmitter card to an extension
receiver to complete operations with at least one of the plurality
of computer interface devices.
[0009] Variations of the method include transmitting communications
from the extension transmitter card by transmitting PCI compatible
graphics communications, or transmitting communications from the
extension transmitter card by transmitting AGP compatible graphics
communications. The extension transmitter device may be enumerated
by the host as a PCI device, a USB device, a SMBus device, or other
type of device familiar to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Enumerating the extension transmitter device could also lead to
enumerating other devices, e.g., a manageability switch, a
multi-system switch, an extension receiver, etc., that are
electrically connected between the host computer and the plurality
of computer interface devices such that the extension transmitter
acts as a communication bridge to the devices between the host
computer and the plurality of computer interface devices. This
"communication bridge" creates a separate communication path for
the intermediate devices as compared to the communications with the
computer interface devices. Of course, other variations exist
according to principles of the present invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed
description of preferred embodiments of the invention, will be
better understood when read in conjunction with the appended
drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is
shown in the drawings embodiments which are presently preferred. It
should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to
the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown.
[0011] In the drawings:
[0012] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a basic computer interface
extension solution according to principles of the present
invention.
[0013] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another basic computer
interface extension solution wherein a manageability switch is
introduced into the solution.
[0014] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a computer interface extension
solution wherein a manageability switch and multi-system switches
are introduced into the solution.
[0015] FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of a motherboard having an
add-in card that allows communications with the motherboard
according to principles of the present invention.
[0016] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of one configuration for the
add-in card of FIG. 4.
[0017] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a second configuration for the
add-in card of FIG. 4.
[0018] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a third configuration for the
add-in card of FIG. 4.
[0019] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a host computer system
motherboard configuration according to principles of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0020] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a basic computer interface
extension solution 100 according to principles of the present
invention. The solution 100 is illustrated as having a host
computer system 102 with an extension transmitter 104 (herein
referred to as "transmitter"). The transmitter 104 is connected to
the extension receiver 106 (herein referred to as "receiver") which
is connected to a user 108. The user 108 is representative of
standard user interface products such as a keyboard, mouse,
monitor, serial port, audio devices, USB ports, etc. The solution
100 is commonly implemented as a KVM extension, however, as will be
understood when viewing the description of the invention, the
solution 100 may include more than KVM extension capabilities.
Further, although data travels bi-directionally between the host
computer system 102 and the user 108, to delineate the separation,
the transmitter 104 and the receiver 106 are labeled as though data
transfer occurs only in one direction, i.e., from the host computer
system 102 to the user 108.
[0021] The transmitter 104 and receiver 106 are connected with a
single cable such as a cable compatible with all versions of
category 5, 6, 7, or better cables. The connection could also be
made with fiber optic or other type of high speed data transmission
cabling. The distance between the transmitter 104 and receiver 106
ranges approximately 300 meters. In this manner are the user
interface devices of the user 108 allowed to communicate
effectively with the host computer system 102 across long
distances, "long" as compared to user/host communication distances
in a system without the transmitter 104/receiver 106 pair. Although
illustrated external to the host 102, the transmitter 104 may be
positioned internal to the host computer system 102 and use an
internal connector with the motherboard of the system 102 (see FIG.
4).
[0022] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another basic computer
interface extension solution 200 wherein a manageability switch 202
is introduced into the solution. The solution 200 includes multiple
host computer systems 204, multiple transmitters 206, and multiple
receivers 208 that support the communication extension for multiple
users 210. The manageability switch 202 encompasses technology used
to map a specific user to a specific system, to converge a large
number of systems to a small number of users for system
administration or head trader access, and to share a single system
between two or more users.
[0023] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a computer interface extension
solution 300 wherein a manageability switch 302 and multi-system
switches 304 are introduced into the solution 300. An
administrative user 306 is also illustrated that provides the
capability to monitor the users 304 and make adjustments to the
solution 300 configuration if necessary.
[0024] FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of a motherboard 402 having
an add-in card 404 that allows communications with the motherboard
402 according to principles of the present invention. The add-in
card 404 is configured to operate as a transmitter in an extension
solution such as a KVM extension solution. However, the add-in card
404 is not limited to KVM connections, but allows for power button,
USB, and other connection types. Motherboard (MB) header 406, when
connected by a cable 408 such as a ribbon cable to MB connector
409, allows the motherboard 402 to communicate directly with the
add-in card 404 rather than only through an external connection
between the motherboard 402 and the add-in card 404. This
configuration eliminates the need for additional cables to be added
externally to the host to communicate between the motherboard 402
and the add-in card 404, which is particularly desirable when the
motherboard 402 is one of many motherboards in a rack mounted
computer system.
[0025] As illustrated in the following figures, the add-in card 404
has various configurations for operation as a transmitter card.
[0026] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of one configuration for the
add-in card 404. The add-in card 404 is configured with minimal
circuitry components such that the motherboard performs most
functions of the computer system. A motherboard header 502 acts as
the primary interface with the motherboard and the functionality
data of the motherboard is passed to a transmitter core 504 via the
motherboard header 502 where the data is configured to be
transmitted at a connector such as RJ-45 connector 506. Motherboard
functionality data that is passed directly to the add-in card 404
commonly includes functions such as PS/2 mouse, PS/2 keyboard, USB
1.1 or 2.0, power button, card power, cable detect, analog video,
digital video, analog audio, and RS-232 serial.
[0027] All functions can be included or excluded in the cable 408
definition as needed. For example, when RS-232 serial, digital and
analog video, and audio functions are included in the functions,
switching should occur on the motherboard to avoid conflicts and
select between functional connectors on the motherboard and the
add-in card 404. The add-in card 404 of FIG. 5 is considered to be
a "dumb" card because the functionality is realized on the
motherboard and passed to the add-in card 404 across the cable
408.
[0028] FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a second configuration for the
add-in card 404. This configuration introduces functionality from
the motherboard represented by functionality 602. The functionality
602 is flexible in that various degrees of motherboard
functionality may be realized on the add-in card 404 itself, rather
than on the motherboard and then transferred to the add-in card
404. In addition, a graphic controller 604 is included on the
add-in card 404 for at least the reason that a slot may be opened
on the motherboard. The graphic controller 604 may be compatible
with PCI, AGP, or other protocol. For example, if the graphic
controller 604 is PCI compatible, the add-in card 404 would be
considered a PCI card and would plug into an available PCI slot
while using the motherboard header 504 to communicate with other
motherboard functionality that is not included in the functionality
602. Thus, an internal transmitter can be incorporated onto the
motherboard without giving up an additional PCI slot on the
motherboard. One type of functionality is supported when USB
communications are converted to a PS/2-legacy type of protocol that
is recognized by the extension receiver as the data is passed from
the RJ-45 connector 506 of the transmitter add-in card 404.
[0029] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a third configuration for the
add-in card 404. A USB functionality component 702 is introduced
such that the add-in card 404 operates using a USB protocol and
transmits data from the RJ-45 connector 506 in a USB format. In one
embodiment, the USB communications are extended by adding a USB hub
that receives pure USB data and transmits raw data onto the
extension where the receiver converts the signals back into USB
format.
[0030] Of course, the USB functionality component 702 is exemplary
of the different types of functions that may be implemented on the
add-in card 404 rather than on the motherboard. For example, the
functionality could include audio in/out signals and serial RS-232
protocols. One additional possibility is that the functionality 702
could include the capability to allow the computer system to
recognize that the add-in card 404 is present in a computer thereby
enabling enumeration of such add-in card 404.
[0031] When the computer system recognizes the add-in card 404, the
functionality on the add-in card 404 is detected by the motherboard
402 and the functionality is also identified by the motherboard 402
to assist in driver selection for software programs that use the
particular functionality while operating. USB functionality is
supported through endpoint configuration, i.e., endpoint registers
and descriptors. For example, a certain collection of endpoints may
indicate that a KVM transmitter device is present on the add-in
card 404. Other collections of endpoints indicate KVM devices other
than the above noted KVM transmitter device.
[0032] On the other hand, if the functionality is PCI compatible,
the KVM transmitter device is represented as a function in PCI
configuration register space. PCI functions are defined through the
PCI function register space and the device configuration. As
understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, PCI enumeration
type functions are independent of USB communications which are
initiated from a host by a USB host controller.
[0033] In another example, the functionality is SMBus (System
Management Bus) compatible and communications between the
motherboard 402 and the add-in card 404 are accomplished through
the SMBus standard. Of course, communications between the
motherboard 402 and the add-in card 404 could be accomplished
through communication standards other than USB, PCI, or SMBus, but
for ease of understanding the present disclosure, these three
exemplary communication standards have been addressed.
[0034] FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a host computer system
motherboard configuration 800 according to principles of the
present invention. A processor (CPU) 802, memory 804, and super I/O
(SIO) 806 are illustrated to show motherboard communications across
a north bridge 808 and a south bridge 810. The north bridge 808
provides an AGP bus 812 for AGP communications with either an AGP
graphics controller 814 on the motherboard 800 or an AGP graphics
slot 816 with an AGP graphics card (not shown) inserted. The AGP
graphics card is a card such as the add-in card 404 with a graphic
controller (e.g., graphic controller 604) compatible with AGP
graphics communications.
[0035] The south bridge 810 provides a PCI/PCI-X bus 818 for
PCI/PCI-X communications with either a PCI graphics controller 820
on the motherboard 800 or a PCI slot 822 with a PCI graphics card
(not shown) inserted. The PCI graphics card is a card such as the
add-in card 404 with a graphic controller (e.g. graphic controller
604) configured for PCI graphics communications.
[0036] The north bridge 808/south bridge 810 configuration allows
one graphic controller to be enabled at a time. For example, if the
north bridge 808 supports the AGP graphics controller 814, then
there will be no other graphic controller. Alternatively, if the
south bridge 810 supports the PCI graphics controller 820, then no
other graphic controller is operational on the motherboard 800. Of
note, the PCI slot 822 is representative of many slots that support
PCI cards in general, not just a PCI graphics controller card. In
other words, the add-in card 404 could have a PCI graphics
controller and be inserted into the PCI slot 822 while other PCI
cards are inserted into other PCI slots to communicate with the
south bridge 810. Alternatively, the north bridge 808 may have an
AGP graphics controller installed (either directly on the
motherboard 800 or inserted in the AGP graphics slot 816) and
non-graphic PCI communications may occur on the south bridge
810.
[0037] Significantly, as discussed above, the add-in card 404 has a
motherboard header 406 for connecting directly to the motherboard
connector 409. A user interface control 824 manages communications
among the motherboard 800, the motherboard connector 409, and
external user interface connections 826.
[0038] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
changes could be made to the embodiments described above without
departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is
understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the
particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover
modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention
as defined by the appended claims.
* * * * *