U.S. patent application number 10/135479 was filed with the patent office on 2003-09-18 for knitted wire fines discriminator.
Invention is credited to Gunneroed, Terje, Morvant, Dave.
Application Number | 20030173075 10/135479 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 28044252 |
Filed Date | 2003-09-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030173075 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Morvant, Dave ; et
al. |
September 18, 2003 |
Knitted wire fines discriminator
Abstract
Particularly, the knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber and
fines discriminator is designed to provide significantly, enhanced
erosion resistance and durability through absorbing energy from
fluid moving at elevated and erosive velocities through an energy
absorbing and flexible structure, providing also a tortuous path
for the fluid/gas, thereby, reducing the risk of sand production
and sub terrain erosion damage to tubulars. The wire used for the
knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber and fines discriminator may
be made from a range of different materials which possess the
desired combination of properties required for this process, and
lend themselves to knitting, may be compressed, exhibit desired
mechanical strength and flex. Such materials may be: Stainless
steel of various grades, metallic alloys of various kinds, (zinc,
copper etc), wire made of various fibers such as Kevlar, Aramid and
a range of other suitable materials.
Inventors: |
Morvant, Dave; (Houston,
TX) ; Gunneroed, Terje; (Houston, TX) |
Correspondence
Address: |
David M. Ostfeld
Chamberlain, Hrdlicka, White,
Williams & Martin
1200 Smith Street, Suite 1400
Houston
TX
77002
US
|
Family ID: |
28044252 |
Appl. No.: |
10/135479 |
Filed: |
April 30, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60364481 |
Mar 15, 2002 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
166/230 ;
166/236 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B 43/088 20130101;
E21B 43/08 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
166/230 ;
166/236 |
International
Class: |
E21B 043/00 |
Claims
What is claimed:
1. A subterranean pipe system, comprising: a substructure tubular
member having an exterior wall and having at least one opening
therethrough; a knitted wire energy absorber, said energy absorber
covering at least a portion of said exterior wall of said
substructure.
2. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein each of said substructure
openings is perforated.
3. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein each of said substructure
openings is slotted.
4. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh cylindrical ring surrounding said
substructure.
5. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a stack of knitted wire mesh cylindrical rings.
6. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein there is further included a
tubular member mounted over said energy absorber and in fluid
communication with the well and said energy absorber.
7. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said tubular member has
openings therethrough.
8. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said substructure tubular
member includes a wire wrapped screen mounted around said exterior
wall of said substructure tubular member.
9. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said covering is a wire mesh
screen.
10. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said wire mesh screen
covers at least a portion of said exterior wall of said tubular
member.
11. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen acting as a fines
discriminator.
12. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein there is further included
an outer protective shielding covering said energy absorber.
13. The pipe system of claim 12, wherein said outer protective
shielding has openings therethrough.
14. The pipe system of claim 13, wherein said openings are
perforations in said outer protective shielding.
15. The pipe system of claim 13, wherein said openings are
leuvered.
16. The pipe system of claim 12, wherein energy absorber includes
an exterior wall and said outer protective shielding is mounted to
cover said exterior wall.
17. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen and said knitted wire mesh
includes wire, said wire being stainless steel.
18. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen and said knitted wire mesh
includes wire, said wire being metallic alloys of zinc.
19. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen and said knitted wire mesh
includes wire, said wire being metallic alloys of copper.
20. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen and said knitted wire mesh
includes wire, said wire being fibers of kavler.
21. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a knitted wire mesh screen and said knitted wire mesh
includes wire, said wire being fibers of aramid.
22. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a series of knitted wire mesh cylinders layered around
each other, said inner cylinder covering said portion of said
exterior wall.
23. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a series of wire mesh cylinders layered around each other,
said inner cylinder covering said portion of said exterior
wall.
24. The pipe system of claim 1, wherein said energy absorber
includes a series of wire mesh and braided wire cylinders layered
around each other, said inner cylinder covering said portion of
said exterior wall.
25. A subterranean pipe system, comprising: a substructure tubular
member having a wall and having at least one opening therethrough;
a knitted wire mesh screen acting as a fines discriminator, said
knitted wire mesh screen covering at least a portion of said wall
of said substructure, said energy absorber juxtaposed to at least a
portion of said wall of said substructure.
26. A knitted wire inflow control apparatus for providing known
pressure loss for a flowing fluid in a pipe, comprising: a
cylindrical shaped inner tubular member, said tubular member having
a known pressure drop, said tubular member including layers of
knitted wire mesh and being mounted in the pipe.
27. The control apparatus of claim 26, wherein said pipe is in a
subterranean production system having flowing fluid flowing through
said tubular member to produce the pressure loss.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 60/364,481 filed Mar. 15, 2002.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Technical Field
[0003] The present invention relates to producing fluids from wells
and in particular to filtering of fluids from wells.
[0004] 2. Prior Art Background
[0005] In the prior art, a method of producing fluid from wells has
been to remove all or substantially all solid particles from the
fluid before it entered the production pipe. Oil and gas production
from wells in subsurface reservoirs are from time to time hampered
by sand production from the reservoir formation. This can lead to
excessive wear of the tubulars installed in the well, upset surface
production systems and may therefore become a serious safety
hazard. In order to combat such problems filters are often
installed as part of the tubular string inside the well. Over the
years several different methods and filters have been introduced.
Some of these methods include gravel packing the well, use of
prepacked filters which may utilize sand, gravel or another media,
or use of fibrous materials. All of these solutions, however,
exhibit limited erosional strength. In each instance, the primary
goal has been to preclude passage of solid particles through the
production pipe string. The following provides a brief summary of
apparatus used to achieve this goal.
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 3,768,557 describes a graded multi-layer
pre-packed sand filter for oil and other fluids containing sand. At
col. 1, line 15, the stated purpose of the filter is to remove the
sand from the liquid before it is produced from the well bore.
[0007] U.S. Pat. No. 4,434,054 describes a filter that is capable
of segregating out the solid component of a fluid flow. The filter
comprises a bed of randomly disposed fibrous members that retain
solid particles and allow the particle free fluid to pass.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 4,917,183 describes a pre-packed gravel
packing screen. The screen has a filtering bed comprising a fluid
permneable bed of particulate solids. The particulate solids are
sized to effectively prevent all the particulate matter in the well
production fluids from passing inwardly through the bed into the
well conduit.
[0009] U.S. Pat. No. 5,190,102 describes a pre-pack well screen
assembly that has a sintered metal pre-pack sleeve positioned
outside a perforated pipe representing a "first stage" filter.
External protection for the sintered metal sleeve is a wire wrap
screen member.
[0010] U.S. Pat. No. 5,404,954 describes a series of wire screen
mesh arranged around a slotted or perforated pipe in a manner for
filtering particulate matter from the produced fluids. The exterior
meshes remove the larger particles from the fluid stream and the
interior mesh removes the smaller particle from the fluid
stream.
[0011] U.S. Pat. No. 6,158,507 describes a wellscreen surrounding
the perforated portion of the base pipe, a thin porous membrane
comprising an inner layer of cloth of woven ceramic fibers wrapped
around the wire screen and covered by a porous sleeve membrane of
braided ceramic fibers, means for holding the ends of the porous
cloth membranes in sealing engagement with the base pipe, and a
perforated tubular metal shroud surrounding the ceramic cloth
membranes to protect the membranes from damage when lowered into a
wellbore.
[0012] Knitted wire is used in many other industries and for
numerous purposes. The following provides a brief summary of
industrial uses of knitted wire:
[0013] U.S. Pat. No. 5,203,593 describes an exhaust coupling in
which the clamp is comprised of bolts and resilient compressed
steel wire knit sleeves disposed around shanks of the bolts.
[0014] U.S. Pat. No. 5,765,866 describes an airbag inflator
comprising a metal housing, knitted wire that the gas from the
chemical reaction passes through, and a stainless steel burst foil.
The knitted wire is preferably made from stainless steel.
[0015] U.S. Pat. No. 5,883,018 describes a fabric for use as a
stab-resistant insert in protective textiles made of knitted steel
cords and filaments.
[0016] U.S. Pat. No. 6,225,714 describes an electric motor that has
a grounding ring made of knit steel wire.
[0017] Searches on "well screen" and "sand screen" yielded some 250
patents. Knitted wire mesh is believed to be only described in
reissued Pat. No. Re. 31,978 (Sept. 3, 1985). As stated in the Re
31,978 patent, this knitted wire mesh is utilized as a seal means
in a packing/sealing element of a packer. References are made to
this patent from numerous screen patents, so-called `pre-packed
screens`. These pre-packed screens make use of the knitted wire
mesh, as a medium for retaining the pre-pack solids in these screen
assemblies. The knitted wire member is not utilized as a filtering
medium or as a deterrent for erosion.
[0018] Filters made from knitted wire can easily be shaped to
desired form and filter characteristics. It is widely used in
closed loop pressurized hydraulic circuits in the auto, transport,
aircraft, marine and other industries. Knitted wire filters are
identified to be superior to other types of filters for several
reasons:
[0019] 1. Easily manufactured to desired filter opening and shape.
Knitted wire may be compressed in a press to obtain desired
porosity (filter opening). By controlling and combining
compression, knit tightness, knit pattern and wire thickness,
desired filter shapes may be obtained.
[0020] 2. Ability to inhibit erosion from fluid jetting. Because of
the very long interlinked fiber achieved with the knitting process,
these filters are far stronger than cloth type, cellulose type, and
other wire mesh type design filters that are made with short fibers
having limited (or none) interlinked strength. The knitting process
allows the filter to move or stretch in any direction rather than
being unidirectional as a woven material, or bi-directional as a
braided material. This can allow the filter to be able to conform
to the jetting pattern and better resist erosion.
[0021] 3. Easily cleaned and reused. Although this is not an
applicable point for oil and gas well applications, as it is not
feasible to remove, clean and reinstall a sand filter in an oil or
gas well. (This was however of significant importance in the above
mentioned industry applications). Cleaning may however involve the
use of a high pressure fluid jet. This is therefore comparable to
being exposed to intermittent operational fluid erosion.
[0022] 4. Filter can be knitted out of many types of wire:
metallic, non-metallic, fiber glass, composites and others. The
process of knitting the filter allows for many types of material to
be used independently or in conjunction with other materials.
[0023] This is important as materials can be combined to provide
different desired properties, strengths, flex, compression etc. of
the filter material. Also, the type of material can provide for a
type of cathodic protection of the filter by incorporating metals
such as zinc or aluminum in the knitting of the filter. The wire
used may be made from a range of different materials which possess
the desired combination of properties required for this process,
and lend themselves to knitting, may be compressed, exhibit desired
mechanical strength and flex. Such materials may be: Stainless
steel of various grades, metallic alloys of various kinds, (zinc,
copper etc), wire made of various fibers such as Kevlar, Aramid,
reinforced fiber lass and a range of other suitable materials.
[0024] Knitted wire mesh has never been used as a filter media in a
downhole production system. It is the object of the present
invention to have a system which is a fines discriminator and a
deterrent to erosion, suited for assembly inside subsurface
hydrocarbon-producing wells.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0025] The present invention relates to an apparatus that absorbs
fluid/gas impact energy thereby reducing tubular erosion damage,
secondly to discriminate and filter out sand and other particulate
matter from produced fluids. Particularly, the knitted wire
fluid/gas energy absorber and fines discriminator is designed to
provide significantly, enhanced erosion resistance and durability
through absorbing energy from fluid moving at elevated and erosive
velocities through an energy absorbing and flexible structure,
providing also a tortuous path for the fluid/gas, thereby, reducing
the risk of sand production and sub terrain erosion damage to
tubulars. Additionally, the invention relates to a knitted wire
energy absorber/discriminator that may be used as a fine filter
medium for a broad range of particulate materials from the produced
fluids Furthermore, the knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber and
fines discriminator can be used to provide known pressure loss in a
sub terrain production system by flowing the fluid through a
tube/container/vessel where discs/layers of knitted wire of known
pressure loss is inserted, thereby effectively creating exact
pressure loss, the basic foundation for a production inflow control
device, whereby well inflow may be controlled selectively.
[0026] Similar to knitting a sweater, the knitted wire fluid/gas
energy absorber and fines discriminator may be prepared from layer
upon layer of knitted wire. Elements/subassemblies of knitted wire
may be compressed to obtain the desired shape, as well as to obtain
the desired filter media pore opening (porosity). Elements of
desired shape may be installed onto a perforated or slotted pipe,
or onto a wire wrapped, braided or wire mesh screen and held in
place by an end ring coupling. Some of the different profiles that
can be formed and used are a stacked chevron-packing configuration,
stacked cylindrical rings, or stacked overlapping cylindrical
rings/cups. In addition, a profile consisting of layer upon layer
of knitted wire may be applied to a wire wrapped screen, a wire
mesh (or braided wire screen), perforated or slotted pipe and/or a
thin walled perforated support pipe.
[0027] Thus, the knitted wire discriminator may be assembled in
numerous ways:
[0028] Subassemblies of any shape or combination mounted onto a
perforated/slotted pipe.
[0029] Subassemblies of any shape or combination mounted onto a
wire wrapped screen, wire mesh screen, braided wire screen.
[0030] Manufactured, shaped, formed and installed directly onto a
perforated/slotted pipe
[0031] Manufactured, shaped, formed and installed directly onto a
wire wrapped screen, wire mesh screen, braided wire screen.
[0032] Alternatively to making subassemblies of knitted (and
compressed, shaped) elements, --a knitting machine may knit the
wire discriminator directly onto, for example, a perforated pipe, a
wire wrapped screen, a wire mesh (or braided wire) screen and/or a
thin walled perforated support pipe, thereby combining the filter
effect of a strong wire wrapped screen with the enhancement of a
fine filter medium (provided by the knitted wire fines
discriminator) to filter out a very broad range of particulate
material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] For a better understanding of the nature and objects of the
present invention, reference should be had to the following
drawings, which should be taken in conjunction with the
specification and in which like parts are given like reference
numerals and wherein:
[0034] FIG. 1 is a combination of FIGS. 1 (A)-(C), and FIG. 1 (A)
is a cutaway, FIG. 1(B) is an endview, and FIG. 1(C) is a sideview
of a base pipe perforated full length,
[0035] FIG. 2 is a combination of FIGS. 2(A)-(C), and FIG. 2 (A),
(B), and (C) are the same view as FIG. 1 (A), (B), and (C) but
showing a single wire wrapped sand screen,
[0036] FIG. 3 is a combination of FIGS. 3(A)-(D), and FIG. 3 (A),
(B), and (C) are the same view as FIG. 2 (A), (B), and (C) but
showing a braided wire or wire mesh sand screen and FIG. 3(D)
showing a layer-on-layer configuration,
[0037] FIG. 4 is a combination of FIGS. 3(A)-(C), and FIG. 4 (A) is
a cutaway view, FIG. 4 (B) is an endview, and FIG. 4 (C) is a
sideview of an inner pipe perforated section;
[0038] FIG. 5 is a combination of FIGS. 5(A)-(C), and FIG. 5 (A),
(B), and (C) are the same sections as FIG. 4 (A), (B), and (C) but
for an inner pipe perforated, full length;
[0039] FIG. 6 is a combination of FIGS. 6(A)-(D), and FIG. 6 (A) is
a perspective view, FIG. 6 (B) is an endview, and FIG. 6 (C) is a
section line view taken along section line A-A of FIG. 6 (B), and
FIG. 6 (D) is an enlarged view of the top of FIG. 6 (C) of a
knitted wire discriminator ring, individual ring;
[0040] FIG. 7 is a combination of FIGS. 7(A)-(D), and FIG. 7
(A)-(D) are the same views as FIG. 6 (A)-(D) except for multiple
rings of knitted wire discriminator ring section;
[0041] FIG. 8 is a combination of FIGS. 7(A)-(D), and FIG. 8
(A)-(D) are the same views as FIG. 7 (A)-(D) except for a full
length set of multiple rings;
[0042] FIG. 9 is a combination of FIGS. 9(A)-(E), and FIG. 9
(A)-(D) are the same views as FIG. 8 (A)-(D) except for a knitted
wire discriminator hose section and FIG. 9(E) shows stacked knitted
wire mesh sections;
[0043] FIG. 10 is a combination of FIGS. 10(A)-(D), and FIG. 10
(A)-(D) are the same views as FIG. 9 (A)-(D) except this is for a
knitted wire discriminator-layer-on-layer section,
[0044] FIG. 11 is a combination of FIGS. 11(A)-(D), and FIG. 1 is
the same view as FIG. 10 (A)-(D) except for a knitted wire
discriminator-layer-on-- layer fall joint length;
[0045] FIG. 12 is a combination of FIGS. 12(A)-(C), and FIG. 12
(A), (B), and (C) are the same views as FIG. 4 (A), (B), and (C)
except for an outer pipe perforated section;
[0046] FIG. 13 is a combination of FIGS. 13(A)-(C), and FIG. 13
(A), (B), and (C) are the same views as FIG. 5 (A), (B), and (C)
except for an outer pipe perforated full length;
[0047] FIG. 14 is a combination of FIGS. 14(A)-(D), and FIG. 14
(A), (B), and (C) are the same views as FIG. 5 (A), (B), and (C)
except they are for an outer pipe louvered section, having slotted
openings 130, and FIG. 14 (D) is a detail cut-through of FIG. 14
(C);
[0048] FIG. 15 is a combination of FIGS. 15(A)-(C), and FIG. 15
(A), (B) and (C) are the same views as FIG. 14 (A), (B), and (C)
except for an outer pipe louvered full length;
[0049] FIG. 16 is a cutaway view of the base pipe of the single
wire wrap sand screen, inner perforated pipe, knitted wire
discriminator multi-ring, and an outer pipe perforated section;
[0050] FIG. 17 is the same view as FIG. 15 except that the outer
pipe is a louvered section; and
[0051] FIG. 18 is a side view of a set of knitted wire
discriminator individual rings stacked on a perforated base
pipe.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0052] The present invention provides a knitted wire discriminator
to be used as a fine filter medium to selectively remove fine solid
particles while allowing the formation fluids to flow into the
wellbore. The preferred embodiment of the present invention
provides a knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber and fines
discriminator with a stronger deterrent to erosion from formation
particles impinging on the knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber.
Additionally, the preferred embodiment of the present invention
provides a knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber/fines
discriminator to be used as a fine filter medium to selectively
remove fine solid particles while allowing the formation fluids to
flow into the wellbore. The present invention may be installed onto
any support carrier as a compressed element or subassembly of a
desired shape and preferably onto a perforated or slotted pipe, a
wire wrapped screen, a wire mesh (or braided wire screen), and/or a
thin walled perforated support pipe as an element or subassembly
that has been compressed into the desired shape. Alternatively, the
present invention may be knitted directly onto a perforated or
slotted pipe, a wire wrapped screen, a wire mesh (or braided wire
screen), and/or a thin walled perforated support pipe.
[0053] In accordance with the objects of the present invention, the
preferred embodiment of the knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber
and fines discriminator is formed in a manner to enable it to
conform to the base pipe structure and with the jetting/erosional
forces applied to it. Energy of the fluid production stream from
the formation is dissipated because the fluid velocity is reduced
as it passes through a tortuous path in the discriminator.
[0054] The knitted wire intertwining loops make it uni-directional
when pulled or stretched. This material is thereby more compliant
than a woven material that is uni-directional or a braided material
that is bi-directional. The knitting process therefore provides a
material more durable and stronger, along with the strength of the
metallic material being used. An optimum design for filtering and
for erosion protection can be obtained by:
[0055] 1) the size of the loops with up to a maximum of 11 strands
of wire per loop.
[0056] 2) the size of the wire ranging from 0.0005" to 0.014".
[0057] 3) the number and arrangement of layers of the wire knitted
together.
[0058] 4) the physical and chemical properties of the wire.
[0059] These four factors allow the fluid/gas energy absorber and
fines discriminator to be designed such that there is a maximum
reduction in the impact load to the present invention in the
preferred embodiment. By changing any or all of the factors, the
energy in the produced fluid stream can be diffused and/or
dissipated. These factors affect the density and permeability of
the knitted wire fluid/gas energy absorber and fines discriminator.
Thereby, the present invention can be designed to the variances of
the formation it is placed across. The wire used for the knitted
wire fluid/gas energy absorber and fines discriminator may be made
from a range of different materials which possess the desired
combination of properties required for this process, and lend
themselves to knitting, may be compressed, exhibit desired
mechanical strength and flex. Such materials may be: Stainless
steel of various grades, metallic alloys of various kinds, (zinc,
copper etc), wire made of various fibers such as Kevlar, Aramid and
a range of other suitable materials.
[0060] The size and range of wire that can be knitted in the
present invention is a maximum of 0.014" outside diameter (OD) to a
minimum of 0.0005" diameter. This wide range of knitting material
provides for a broad spectrum of use as a fine filter medium. The
compressed units are designed to be placed over the perforated or
slotted pipe, the wire-wrapped screen, a wire mesh (or braided wire
screen), and/or the thin walled perforated support pipe have a
thickness of approximately 0.080" and a height ranging from 1" to
35', depending on the manufacturing process of the knitted wire
filter. Therefore the OD of the base material is not greatly
affected by the addition of the knitted wire filter.
[0061] The present invention further provides a well filter
assembly for use in cased hole and open hole production systems
that resists deformation and maintains its filtering
characteristics. As previously noted, the present invention uses
knitted wire as a deterrent to erosion and as a filter medium. In
one embodiment of the preferred embodiment, the knitted wire filter
may be placed on subassemblies of any shape or combination mounted
onto a perforated or slotted pipe, a wire wrapped screen, a wire
mesh (or braided wire screen), and/or a thin walled perforated
support pipe. However, another of the present invention embodiments
of the preferred embodiment additionally provides a knitted wire
discriminator manufactured, shaped, formed and installed directly
onto a perforated pipe or a wire wrapped screen.
[0062] In addition the present invention can be fitted with an
outer protective shielding that has perforated or louvered holes.
The outer shield can be shrunk fit onto to the knitted wire filter
member, either by preheating and/or the use of mechanical rollers.
This process of fitting the outer shield serves to achieve desired
properties, such as density, porosity, permeability and mechanical
strength, on the knitted wire filter member. This shield will
insure a protected installation in both cased and open hole well
environment.
[0063] As shown in FIG. 1, perforated base pipe (A) is full length
conventional casing with holes drilled through the wall. This is
the load bearing member of the screen. It has an inner diameter 10,
such as 5.921 or 4.892 inches, and an outer diameter 20, such as 6
5/8 inches and 5 1/2 inches. It further has holes 30, such as 3/8"
holes, and could range from 1/5" to 3/4", which can be of any
pattern.
[0064] As shown in FIG. 2, Single Wire Wrap Sand Screen, or SWWSS
(B), is a sand filter (8)manufactured by simultaneously wrapping
and welding an endless stainless steel profile wire 41 onto
longitudinal ribs 42 which are installed directly onto the outside
of a perforated base pipe (A). The profile wire is welded with an
exact gap to the previous wire, thereby creating a slot, through
which oil and gas will flow, but which will stop formation sand
from being produced. The manufacturing process ensures the screen
wire is shrink fit to the casing.
[0065] As shown in FIG. 3, braided wire/wire mesh sand screen (C),
is a sand filter manufactured by wrapping a single or multiple
layers of braided wire 48 or wire mesh 49 directly onto the outside
of a perforated base pipe (A) or slotted wire pipe. The braided
wire 48 or wire mesh 49 creates a filter medium through which oil
and gas will flow, but which will stop formation sand from being
produced. FIG. 3(D) illustrates braded wire 1/8 in a layer-on-layer
configuration with wire mesh 49.
[0066] As shown in FIG. 4, inner pipe perforated, section (D) is a
short section (2-10 ft and preferably 3-10 fit) of thin walled pipe
with holes in the pipe wall that are drilled, cut or punched. (D),
together with any of discriminators (F), (G), (H), (I), (J),OR (K),
discussed below, will be fitted onto base pipe (A), or sand screen
(B) or (C) as desired. The inner diameter 51 and outer diameter 52
of the inner pipe perforated section (D) are large enough to slide
over a single wire wrapped screen (B). The inner wire pipe
perforated section (D) is held in place by end rings.
[0067] As shown in FIG. 5, inner pipe perforated, full joint length
(E) is a long section (as long as base pipe (A) of thin walled pipe
with holes in the pipe wall that are drilled, cut or punched. Inner
pipe (E), together with discriminators (F), (G), (H), (I), (J),OR
(K),as discussed below, will be fitted onto base pipe (A) or sand
screen (B) or (C) as desired.
[0068] As shown in FIG. 6, knitted wire discriminator, compressed
individual ring (F) is a sand discriminator/sand filter made from
knitted wire 81 that is compressed into a specific shape exhibiting
specific and desired properties of: porosity, density, stiffness,
flex, size. The knitted wire filter will absorb fluid impact energy
and provide filtering capabilities. Final solids filtering may or
may not be performed by the single wire wrap sand screen (B) or
(C). Thickness of the knitted filter may be 1-10 mm or 1/8" to
1/2", depending on permeability desired, length may be 10-100 mm.
Diameter will be to fit with pipe or screen (A), (J), (C), (D) or
(E). Discriminator (F) is fitted onto pipe or screen (A), (B), (C),
(D) or (E) as desired. Thus, the inner diameter 51 is large enough
to slip over inner perforated pipe (A) or SWWSS (B) or (C).
[0069] As shown in FIG. 7, knitted wire discriminator, compressed
multiple rings, sections (G) include a sand discriminator/sand
filter made from knitted wire 81 that is compressed into a specific
shape exhibiting specific and desired properties of: porosity,
density, stiffness, flex, size. Multiple rings are stacked on top
of each other to desired length between an outer and inner thin
walled perforated tube, in order to keep the rings in place. The
knitted wire filter will absorb fluid impact energy and provide
filtering capabilities. Final solids filtering may or may not be
performed by the single wire wrap sand screen (B) or braided
wire/wire mesh sand screen (C). Thickness of the knitted filter may
be 1-10 mm or 1/8" to 1/2", depending on permeability desired,
length may be 100-1000 mm. Diameter will be to fit with pipe or
screen (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E). Discriminator (G) is fitted onto
pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E) as desired.
[0070] As shown in FIG. 8, knitted wire discriminator, compressed
multiple rings, full joint length (H) include a sand
discriminator/sand filter made from knitted wire 81 that is
compressed into a specific shape exhibiting specific and desired
properties of: porosity, density, stiffness, flex, size. Multiple
rings are stacked on top of each other to desired length between an
outer and inner thin walled perforated tube, in order to keep the
rings in place. The knitted wire filter will absorb fluid impact
energy and provide filtering capabilities. Final solids filtering
may or may not be performed by the single wire wrap sand screen (B)
or braided wire or wire mesh sand screen (C). Thickness of the
knitted filter may be 1-10 mm or 1/8" to 1/2", depending on
permeability desired, length may be 100-1000 mm. Diameter will be
to fit pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E). Discriminator (H)
is fitted onto pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E) as
desired.
[0071] As shown in FIG. 9, knitted wire discriminator, compressed
hose section (AI) is a sand discriminator/sand filter that is made
by compressing individual or multiple continuous layers of knitted
wire 81 between an outer and inner thin walled perforated tube to
desired length, such that specific and desired properties, like:
porosity, density, stiffness, flex, size are met. The knitted wire
filter will absorb fluid impact energy and provide filtering
capabilities. Final solids filtering may or may not be performed by
the single wire wrap sand screen (B) or braided wire or wire mesh
sand screen (C). Thickness of the knitted filter may be 10-60 mm or
may be 1/8" to 1/2", and length as desired such as three to six
feet. Diameter will be to fit pipe or screen (A), (B), (C),(D) or
(E). The entire assembly may, or may not be compressed or rolled to
alter or modify the final desired properties and geometric shape.
Discriminator (I) is fitted onto pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D)
or (E) as desired.
[0072] As shown in FIG. 10, knitted wire discriminator,
layer-on-layer, section (J) is a sand discriminator/sand filter
that is made by installing multiple layers of knitted wire 81 on
top of each other such that specific and desired properties, like:
porosity, density, stiffness, flex, size are met. The knitted wire
filter will absorb fluid impact energy and provide filtering
capabilities. Final solids filtering may or may not be performed by
the single wire wrap sand screen (B) or braided wire or wire mesh
sand screen (C). Thickness of the knitted filter may be 10-60 mm,
length is as desired such as three to six feet. Diameter will be to
fit pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E). The entire assembly
may, or may not be compressed or rolled to alter or modify the
final desired properties and geometric shape. Discriminator (J)
will be fitted onto pipe or screen (A), (B), (C),(D) or (E) as
desired. FIG. 10(D) shows multiple layers 81, 82, 83 to build
density and permeability, each layer concentrically mounted over
the next inner layer. The density and permeability of the section
(J is determined by the size of the wire, for the descriminator,
the size of the openings in the mesh and the number of layers.
[0073] As shown in FIG. 11, knitted wire discriminator,
layer-on-layer, full joint length (K) is a sand discriminator/sand
filter that is made by installing multiple layers of knitted wire
81 on top of each other such that specific and desired properties,
like: porosity, density, stiffness, flex, size are met. The knitted
wire filter will absorb fluid impact energy and provide filtering
capabilities. Final solids filtering may or may not be performed by
the single wire wrap sand screen (B) or braided wire or wire mesh
sand screen (C). Thickness of the knitted filter may be 10-60 mm,
length is as desired. Diameter will be to fit pipe or screen (A),
(B), (C), (D) or (E). The entire assembly may, or may not be
compressed or rolled to alter or modify the final desired
properties and geometric shape. Discriminator (J) will be fitted
onto pipe or screen (A), (B), (C), (D) oe (E) as desired.
[0074] As shown in FIG. 12, outer pipe perforated, section (L) is a
short section (2-10 ft) of pipe with holes 30 in the pipe wall that
are drilled, cut or punched. The purpose of this pipe is to serve
as a shroud, or protection, to the filter medium beneath, such as
(F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). Section (L) will be fitted onto
discriminator (F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K) as desired.
[0075] As shown in FIG. 13, outer pipe perforated, full length (M)
is a full length of pipe with holes 30 in the pipe wall that are
drilled, cut or punched. The purpose of this pipe (M) is to serve
as a shroud, or protection, to the filter medium beneath, such as
(F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). Pipe (M) will be fitted onto
discriminator (F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). as desired.
[0076] As shown in FIG. 14, outer pipe louvered, section (N) is a
short section (2-10 ft) of pipe with louvered openings 130 in the
pipe wall that are cut or punched. The purpose of this pipe is to
serve as a shroud, or protection, to the filter medium beneath,
such as (F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). Section (N) will be fitted
onto discriminator (F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K).as desired.
[0077] As shown in FIG. 15, outer pipe louvered, fall length (O) is
a full length of pipe with louvered openings 130 in the pipe wall
that are cut or punched. The purpose of this pipe is to serve as a
shroud, or protection, to the filter medium beneath, such as (F),
(G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). Section (O) will be fitted onto
discriminator (F), (G), (H), (I), (J) or (K). as desired.
[0078] Various combinations of the parts illustrated below may be
used together to use a discriminator in particular applications.
Illustrations of these combinations are set out below:
[0079] 1.) Comprises parts A, B or C, F, and L.
[0080] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple parts (F) are installed onto
part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, multiple parts of (L)
is fitted over above described parts. Part (L) may or may not be
welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen end
sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0081] 2.) Comprises parts A, B or C, F, and M.
[0082] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple parts (F) are installed onto
part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, part (M) is fitted
over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0083] 3.) Comprises parts A, B or C, F, and N.
[0084] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple parts (F) are installed onto
part (B) or(C) until stacked fill. Finally, multiple parts of (N)
is fitted over above described parts. Part (N) may or may not be
welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen end
sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0085] 4.) Comprises parts A, B or C, F, and O.
[0086] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple parts (F) are installed onto
part (B) or(C) until stacked full. Finally, part (O) is fitted over
above described parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded
end rings.
[0087] 5.) Comprises parts A, B or C, G, and L.
[0088] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (G) are installed
onto part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, multiple parts of
(L) is fitted over above described parts. Part (L) may or may not
be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen end
sections are closed with welded end rings, such as FIGS. 16 and
18.
[0089] 6.) Comprises parts A, B or C, G, and M.
[0090] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (G) are installed
onto part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, part (M) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0091] 7.) Comprises parts A, B or C, G, and N.
[0092] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (G) are installed
onto part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, multiple parts of
(N) is fitted over above described parts. Part (N) may or may not
be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen end
sections are closed with welded end rings, such as FIG. 17
[0093] 8.Comprises parts A, B or C, G, and O.
[0094] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (G) are installed
onto part (B) or (C) until stacked full. Finally, part (O) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0095] 9.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, H, and L.
[0096] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple rings of (H) are installed
onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0097] 10.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, H, and M.
[0098] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple rings of (H) are installed
onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0099] 11.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, H, and N.
[0100] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple rings of (H) are installed
onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0101] 12.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, H, and O.
[0102] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple rings of (H) are installed
onto part (E) until stacked fall. Assembly (H)+(E) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0103] 13.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, I, and L.
[0104] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (I) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0105] 14.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, I, and M
[0106] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (I) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0107] 15.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, I, and N
[0108] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (I) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0109] 16.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, I, and O
[0110] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (I) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0111] 17.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, J, and L
[0112] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (J) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0113] 18.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, J, and M
[0114] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (J) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0115] 19.) Comprises parts A, B, or C, D, 3 and N
[0116] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (J) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over above
described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each other to
provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are closed with
welded end rings.
[0117] 20.) Comprises parts A, B or C, D, J and O
[0118] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Multiple sections of (J) are installed
onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is fitted onto
(B) or (C). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described parts.
Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0119] 21.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, K and L
[0120] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Section (K) is installed onto part (E).
Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts
of (1) is fitted over above described parts. Part (L) may or may
not be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen
end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0121] 22.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, K and M
[0122] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Section (K) is installed onto part (E).
Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (B) or (C). Finally, part (M) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0123] 23.) Comprises parts A, B or C, B, K and N
[0124] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Section (K) is installed onto part (B).
Assembly (K)+(B) is fitted onto (B) or (C). Finally, multiple parts
of (N) is fitted over above described parts. Part (N) may or may
not be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen
end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0125] 24.) Comprises parts A, B or C, E, K and O
[0126] Part (A) is manufactured first. Part (B) or (C) is then
manufactured onto part (A). Section (K) is installed onto part (E).
Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (B) or (C). Finally, part (O) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0127] 25.) Comprises parts A, F, and L.
[0128] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple parts (F) are
installed onto part (A) until stacked full. Finally, multiple parts
of (L) is fitted over above described parts. Part (L) may or may
not be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen
end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0129] 26.) Comprises parts A, F, and M.
[0130] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple parts (F) are
installed onto part (A) until stacked full. Finally, part (M) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0131] 27.) Comprises parts A, F, and N.
[0132] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple parts (F) are
installed onto part (A) until stacked full. Finally, multiple parts
of (N) is fitted over above described parts. Part (N) may or may
not be welded to each other to provide increased robustness. Screen
end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0133] 28.) Comprises parts A, F, and O.
[0134] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple parts (F) are
installed onto part (A) until stacked fill. Finally, part (O) is
fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are closed
with welded end rings.
[0135] 29.) Comprises parts A, D, G and L
[0136] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (G) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (G)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0137] 30.) Comprises parts A, D, G and M
[0138] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (G) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (G)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0139] 31.) Comprises parts A, D, G and N
[0140] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (G) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (G)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0141] 32.) Comprises parts A, D, G and O
[0142] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (G) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (G)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0143] 33.) Comprises parts A, E, H and L.
[0144] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple rings of (H) are
installed onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0145] 34.) Comprises parts A, E, H and M
[0146] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple rings of (H) are
installed onto part (F) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(F) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0147] 35.) Comprises parts A, E, H and N
[0148] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple rings of (H) are
installed onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over
above described parts. Part en) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0149] 36.) Comprises parts A, E, H and O
[0150] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple rings of (H) are
installed onto part (E) until stacked full. Assembly (H)+(E) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0151] 37.) Comprises parts A, D, I and L
[0152] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (I) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0153] 38.) Comprises parts A, D, I and M
[0154] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (I) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described
parts.
[0155] 39.) Comprises parts A, D, I and N
[0156] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (I) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0157] 40.) Comprises parts A, D, I and O
[0158] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (I) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (I)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described
parts.
[0159] 41.) Comprises parts A, D, J and L
[0160] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (J) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (L) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (L) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0161] 42.) Comprises parts A, D, J and M
[0162] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (J) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (M) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0163] 43.) Comprises parts A, D, J and N
[0164] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (J) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, multiple parts of (N) is fitted over
above described parts. Part (N) may or may not be welded to each
other to provide increased robustness. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0165] 44.) Comprises parts A, D, J and O
[0166] Part (A) is manufactured first. Multiple sections of (J) are
installed onto part (D) until stacked full. Assembly (J)+(D) is
fitted onto (A). Finally, part (O) is fitted over above described
parts. Screen end sections are closed with welded end rings.
[0167] 45.) Comprises parts A, E, K and L
[0168] Part (A) is manufactured first. Section (K) is installed
onto part (E). Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (A). Finally,
multiple parts of (L) is fitted over above described parts. Part
(L) may or may not be welded to each other to provide increased
robustness. Screen end sections are closed with welded end
rings.
[0169] 46.) Comprises parts A, E, K and M
[0170] Part (A) is manufactured first. Section (K) is installed
onto part (E). Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (A). Finally, part
(M) is fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
[0171] 47.) Comprises parts A, E, K and N
[0172] Part (A) is manufactured first. Section (K) is installed
onto part (E). Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (A). Finally,
multiple parts of (N) is fitted over above described parts. Part
(N) may or may not be welded to each other to provide increased
robustness. Screen end sections are closed with welded end
rings.
[0173] 48.) Comprises parts A, E, K and O
[0174] Part (A) is manufactured first. Section (K) is installed
onto part (E). Assembly (K)+(E) is fitted onto (A). Finally, part
(O) is fitted over above described parts. Screen end sections are
closed with welded end rings.
1 Alternative ResQ configurations ResQ Itm: Assembly Parts 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 A Perforated/Slotted Basepipe Full Joint
Length x x x x x x x x x x x x x B SWWSS* Full Joint Length x x x x
x x x x x x x x x C Wire/Braided Wire Mesh Screen Full Joint Length
x x x x x x x x x x x x x D Inner Pipe Perforated Section x x x x x
E Inner Pipe Perforated Full Joint Length x x x x F Knitted Wire
Discriminiator Compressed ring Individual ring x x x x G Knitted
Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple rings Section x x x x H
Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple rings Full Joint
Length x x x x I Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed hose
section Section x J Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer
Section K Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer Full Joint
Length L Outer Pipe Perforated Section x x x x M Outer Pipe
Perforated Full Joint Length x x x N Outer Pipe Louvered Section x
x x O Outer Pipe Louvered Full Joint Length x x x ResQ Itm:
Assembly Parts 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 A
Perforated/Slotted Basepipe Full Joint Length x x x x x x x x x x x
x x B SWWSS* Full Joint Length x x x x x x x x x x x C Wire/Braided
Wire Mesh Screen Full Joint Length x x x x x x x x x x x D Inner
Pipe Perforated Section x x x x x x x E Inner Pipe Perforated Full
Joint Length x x x x F Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed ring
Individual ring x x G Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed
multiple rings Section H Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed
multiple rings Full Joint Length I Knitted Wire Discriminiator
Compressed hose section Section x x x J Knitted Wire Discriminiator
Layer-on-layer Section x x x x K Knitted Wire Discriminiator
Layer-on-layer Full Joint Length x x x x L Outer Pipe Perforated
Section x x x M Outer Pipe Perforated Full Joint Length x x x x N
Outer Pipe Louvered Section x x x O Outer Pipe Louvered Full Joint
Length x x x ResQ Itm: Assembly Parts 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
37 38 39 A Perforated/Slotted Basepipe Full Joint Length x x x x x
x x x x x x x x B SWWSS* Full Joint Length C Wire/Braided Wire Mesh
Screen Full Joint Length D Inner Pipe Perforated Section x x x x x
x x E Inner Pipe Perforated Full Joint Length x x x x F Knitted
Wire Discriminiator Compressed ring Individual ring x x G Knitted
Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple rings Section x x x x H
Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple rings Full Joint
Length x x x x I Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed hose
section Section x x x J Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer
Section K Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer Full Joint
Length L Outer Pipe Perforated Section x x x M Outer Pipe
Perforated Full Joint Length x x x N Outer Pipe Louvered Section x
x x x O Outer Pipe Louvered Full Joint Length x x x ResQ Itm:
Assembly Parts 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 A Perforated/Slotted
Basepipe Full Joint Length x x x x x x x x x B SWWSS* Full Joint
Length C Wire/Braided Wire Mesh Screen Full Joint Length D Inner
Pipe Perforated Section x x x x x E Inner Pipe Perforated Full
Joint Length x x x x F Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed ring
Individual ring G Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple
rings Section H Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed multiple
rings Full Joint Length I Knitted Wire Discriminiator Compressed
hose section Section x J Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer
Section x x x x K Knitted Wire Discriminiator Layer-on-layer Full
Joint Length x x x x L Outer Pipe Perforated Section x x M Outer
Pipe Perforated Full Joint Length x x N Outer Pipe Louvered Section
x x O Outer Pipe Louvered Full Joint Length x x x *Single Wire
Wrapped Sand Screen
[0175] The knitted wire fines discriminator has superior filter
capabilities as one can tailor the properties of the filter medium;
parameters such as thickness, wire diameter(s), porosity,
permeability, compaction/density, etc. can be varied in a
controlled manner.
[0176] Erosion resistance and durability of the knitted wire fines
discriminator is enhanced, partially due to the intertwining of the
steel wires from the knitting process.
[0177] Erosion resistance is further enhanced by:
[0178] 1) the size of the loops with up to a maximum of 11 strands
of wire per loop.
[0179] 2) the size of the wire ranging from 0.0005" to 0.014".
[0180] 3) the number and arrangement of layers of the wire knitted
together.
[0181] 4) the physical and chemical properties of the wire.
[0182] Due to the high erosion resistance, the knitted wire fines
discriminator reduces the risk of sand production (more difficult
to erode holes in the knitted wire filter and thereby provide a
path for sand particles).
[0183] The knitted wire fines discriminator has a large effective
flow area (highly porous -75%--and controlled permeability).
[0184] The discriminators are also able to be installed in
configurations for which there has been experience for the
structure to filter materials. Thus, it is adaptable to current
configurations. This is illustrated by the 48 different types set
out above.
[0185] Because many varying and difference embodiments may be made
within the scope of the invention concept taught herein which may
involve many modifications in the embodiments herein detailed in
accordance with the descriptive requirements of the law, it is to
be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as
illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
* * * * *