U.S. patent application number 09/682747 was filed with the patent office on 2003-04-17 for multiple check valve bailer.
Invention is credited to Pratt, David W..
Application Number | 20030070499 09/682747 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 24740967 |
Filed Date | 2003-04-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030070499 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Pratt, David W. |
April 17, 2003 |
MULTIPLE CHECK VALVE BAILER
Abstract
A bailer having multiple check valves to minimize leakage of
sample fluid from the bailer. A primary check valve assembly
including a ball and a seat are disposed at a lower end of the
bailer. At least one auxiliary check valve assembly is positioned
above the primary check valve assembly. When a first auxiliary
check valve closes, the hydrostatic pressure applied to the primary
check valve is reduced significantly and leakage through the
primary check valve is reduced. When a second auxiliary check valve
closes, the hydrostatic pressure applied to the first auxiliary
check valve is reduced and the same benefits are obtained for the
first auxiliary check valve. Particulate matter is collected in an
annular trough formed in the primary check valve assembly and in
pockets that form a part of each auxiliary check valve
assembly.
Inventors: |
Pratt, David W.;
(Clearwater, FL) |
Correspondence
Address: |
SMITH & HOPEN PA
15950 BAY VISTA DRIVE
SUITE 220
CLEARWATER
FL
33760
|
Family ID: |
24740967 |
Appl. No.: |
09/682747 |
Filed: |
October 12, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
73/864.63 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01N 1/12 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
73/864.63 |
International
Class: |
G01N 001/12 |
Claims
1. A bailer, comprising: an elongate, tubular main body having a
hollow interior; said elongate, tubular main body having an upper
end and a lower end; a primary check valve slidingly received
within said hollow interior at said lower end; at least one
auxiliary check valve slidingly received within said hollow
interior of said tubular main body in longitudinally spaced
relation to said primary check valve; and a barrier means slidingly
received within said hollow interior of said main body in
longitudinally spaced relation to said auxiliary check valve; said
at least one auxiliary check valve being disposed between said
primary check valve and said barrier means; whereby said primary
check valve and said at least one auxiliary check valve admit
liquid fluid into said hollow interior of said bailer when said
bailer is immersed within a body of liquid fluid; and whereby said
primary check valve and said at least one auxiliary check valve
work in combination with one another to inhibit leakage of liquid
fluid from said hollow interior.
2. The bailer of claim 1, wherein said primary check valve further
comprises: a primary check valve seat and a primary check valve
ball that is seated in said primary check valve seat when said
bailer is in a state of equilibrium.
3. The bailer of claim 1, wherein said auxiliary check valve
further comprises: an auxiliary check valve seat and an auxiliary
check valve ball that is seated in said auxiliary check valve seat
when said bailer is in a state of equilibrium; said barrier means
serving as a barrier that limits upward travel of said auxiliary
check valve ball when liquid fluid flows into said hollow
interior.
4. The bailer of claim 1, wherein said at least one auxiliary check
valve has a truncate longitudinal extent so that a plurality of
said auxiliary check valves are positionable in spaced relation to
one another within said hollow interior.
5. The bailer of claim 2, wherein said primary check valve further
comprises: an annular wall having a diameter slightly less than an
internal diameter of said hollow interior so that said annular wall
is adapted to be slidingly inserted into said hollow interior; a
truncate tubular member disposed concentrically with respect to
said tubular main body and with respect to said annular wall; said
truncate tubular member having a first, uppermost end that forms
said primary check valve seat; said truncate tubular member having
a diameter less than a diameter of said tubular main body and
having a diameter less than said annular wall; said primary check
valve assembly further including an annular bottom wall that
extends from a lowermost end of said annular wall and to said
truncate tubular member, said annular bottom wall circumscribing
said truncate tubular member and contacting said truncate tubular
member at a predetermined annular juncture between said check valve
seat and a lowermost end of said truncate tubular member; whereby
at least some particulate matter in the liquid fluid contained
within said hollow interior is collected atop said annular bottom
wall of said check valve assembly and therefore cannot flow through
said truncate tubular member or settle atop said primary check
valve seat to prevent said primary check valve ball from fully
seating on said primary check valve seat.
6. The bailer of claim 5, further comprising: a bevel formed in a
lowermost end of said truncate tubular member, said lowermost end
being a leading end of said truncate tubular member when said
bailer is lowered into a body of liquid fluid; whereby said bevel
decreases a probability of particulate matter clogging said
truncate tubular member when said bailer is lowered into a body of
liquid fluid where particulate matter may form a sediment at the
bottom thereof.
7. The bailer of claim 1, further comprising; a closure means for
closing said upper end of said bailer.
8. The bailer of claim 5, wherein said closure means includes an
annular wall having a diameter slightly less than a diameter of
said hollow interior so that said annular wall of said closure
means is slidingly received within said hollow interior and so that
said closure means may be removed to facilitate decanting of liquid
fluid housed within said hollow interior after said bailer has been
used.
9. The bailer of claim 6, wherein said closure means is adapted to
be engaged by a means for lifting and lowering said bailer from and
into, respectively, a body of liquid fluid.
10. The bailer of claim 3, wherein said at least one auxiliary
check valves comprises: an annular wall having a diameter slightly
less than a diameter of said tubular main body so that said at
least one check valve is slideably positionable within said hollow
interior.
11. The bailer of claim 10, wherein said at least one auxiliary
check valve further comprises: a bottom wall having peripheral
edges connected to said annular wall; and said bottom wall being
apertured and said aperture forming an auxiliary valve seat for
said auxiliary check valve ball.
12. The bailer of claim 11, further comprising: at least one pocket
formed in said bottom wall; said pocket adapted to collect
particulate matter in said liquid fluid so that particulate matter
positioned within said pocket can not interfere with seating of
said auxiliary check valve ball on said auxiliary check valve
seat.
13. The bailer of claim 12, wherein said at least one pocket
includes a plurality of pockets formed in said bottom wall in
circumferentially spaced apart relation to one another.
14. A bailer, comprising: an elongate, tubular main body having a
hollow interior; said elongate, tubular main body having an upper
end and a lower end; a primary check valve slidingly received at
said lower end wherein said primary check valve opens when said
bailer is lowered into a body of liquid fluid, in response to an
inflow of liquid fluid into said hollow interior; said primary
check valve including a primary check valve seat and a primary
check valve ball that is seated in said primary check valve seat
when said bailer is in a state of equilibrium.
15. a plurality of auxiliary check valves slidingly received within
said main body above and in series with said primary check valve,
wherein each of said auxiliary check valve opens when said bailer
is lowered into a body of liquid, in response to an inflow of
liquid fluid into said hollow interior; each auxiliary check valve
having an auxiliary check valve seat and an auxiliary check valve
ball that is seated in an associated auxiliary check valve seat
when said bailer is in a state of equilibrium; a barrier slidingly
received within said tubular main body, all of said auxiliary check
valves of said plurality of auxiliary check valves being positioned
between said barrier and said primary check valve so that an
uppermost auxiliary check ball is constrained by said barrier when
said uppermost auxiliary check ball is lifted from its valve seat
by fluid entering said hollow interior.
16. The bailer of claim 14, wherein said primary check valve
further comprises: an annular wall having a diameter slightly less
than an internal diameter of said hollow interior so that said
annular wall is adapted to be slidingly inserted into said hollow
interior; a truncate tubular member disposed concentrically with
respect to said tubular main body and with respect to said annular
wall; said truncate tubular member having a first, uppermost end
that forms said primary check valve seat; said truncate tubular
member having a diameter less than a diameter of said tubular main
body and having a diameter less than said annular wall; said
primary check valve assembly further including an annular bottom
wall that extends from a lowermost end of said annular wall and to
said truncate tubular member, said annular bottom wall
circumscribing said truncate tubular member and contacting said
truncate tubular member at a predetermined annular juncture between
said check valve seat and a lowermost end of said truncate tubular
member; whereby at least some particulate matter in the liquid
fluid contained within said hollow interior is collected atop said
annular bottom wall of said primary check valve assembly and
therefore cannot flow through said truncate tubular member or
settle atop said primary check valve seat to prevent said primary
check valve ball from fully seating onto said primary check valve
seat.
17. The bailer of claim 15, wherein said at least one auxiliary
check valve has a truncate longitudinal extent so that a plurality
of said auxiliary check valves are positionable in spaced relation
to one another within said hollow interior.
18. The bailer of claim 16, further comprising: a bevel formed in a
lowermost end of said truncate tubular member, said lowermost end
being a leading end of said truncate tubular member when said
bailer is lowered into a body of liquid fluid; whereby said bevel
decreases a probability of particulate matter clogging said
truncate tubular member when said bailer is lowered into a body of
liquid fluid where particulate matter may form a sediment at the
bottom thereof.
19. The bailer of claim 14, wherein said at least one auxiliary
check valve comprises: an annular wall having a diameter slightly
less than a diameter of said main tubular body so that said at
least one auxiliary check valve is slideably positionable within
said hollow interior.
20. The bailer of claim 1 8, wherein said at least one auxiliary
check valve further comprises: a bottom wall having peripheral
edges connected to said annular wall; and said bottom wall being
apertured and said aperture forming an auxiliary valve seat for
said auxiliary check valve ball.
21. The bailer of claim 19, further comprising: at least one pocket
formed in said bottom wall; said pocket adapted to collect
particulate matter in said liquid fluid so that particulate matter
positioned within said pocket can not interfere with seating of
said auxiliary check valve ball on said auxiliary check valve seat.
Description
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
[0001] 1. Field of the Invention
[0002] This invention relates, generally, to bailers. More
particularly, it relates to a bailer having multiple check valves
that reduce leakage of sample fluid from the bailer.
[0003] 2. Description of the Prior Art
[0004] Bailers are used to sample liquid fluid from wells or other
bodies of liquid fluid. The sample fluid retrieved using a bailer
is tested and analyzed, usually by governmental authorities or
their contractors, for impurities and contaminants. A typical
bailer has a slender tubular-shaped main body and a check valve at
the bottom end thereof. As an operator lowers the bailer into a
liquid fluid using a cable or line attached to a top end of the
bailer, the check valve opens and fluid enters the hollow interior
of the bailer. The air displaced by the fluid exits the bailer from
the open upper end thereof. The air flowing out of the top of the
bailer prevents liquid fluid from entering the bailer through said
open top.
[0005] When a filled bailer is removed from the body of liquid
fluid, the check valve closes and secures the liquid sample within
the bailer. The liquid sample is then distributed from the bailer
to individual test containers for a battery of tests.
[0006] One of the problems confronting the bailer industry is
leakage from a bailer via the check valve after a sample has been
drawn. Leakage is undesirable for two primary reasons. First, the
sample fluid captured within the bailer may be contain acids or
other harmful constituents that may cause irritation if allowed to
leak onto the skin of the operator taking the sample after the
bailer is retrieved. Secondly, bailers are sized to hold a
predetermined volume of liquid fluid that correlates with a
particular testing protocol. Accordingly, excessive leakage of
fluid from the bailer may necessitate a repeated sampling of the
well or other body of fluid to accumulate the required sampling
volume.
[0007] Leakage problems are compounded when the liquid fluid being
sampled contains particulate matter such as sand. The sand or other
particulate matter gets between the check valve seat and the check
valve ball and prevents the ball from sealing the valve seat.
[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 5,507,194 to Scavuzzo et al. (hereinafter
"Scavuzzo") describes a disposable bailer having an inlet means and
an integrated check valve that includes a check ball that rests in
a check seat at the lowermost end of the bailer as in many other
prior art bailers. Scavuzzo discloses an improved design of the
check valve whereby premature unseating of the check ball is
prevented during emptying of the fluid sample into analysis
containers. Specifically, the check valve is designed to not open
until the bailer is near a horizontal position and mostly empty. An
upper or outlet check valve means is designed to close when the
bailer begins the ascent from the fluid body. Scavuzzo does not
provide an improved means that reduces leakage of the fluid sample
from the lower end of the bailer.
[0009] U.S. Pat. No. 4,050,315 to Markfelt describes a bailer that
includes an upper spherical valve member activated when an operator
imparts a sharp jerk on the lowering cable when the sampler has
reached a desired depth. Once activated, the valve member lifts
from an upper valve seat and allows fluid to fill the bailer with
fluid from a desired depth. As the bailer fills, a lower floating
ball contained within the body of the bailer rises to seat in a
lower valve seat. The Markfelt invention thus enables the
collection of a sample of liquid fluid from a predetermined depth,
but the problem of leakage at the lowermost end of the bailer is
not addressed.
[0010] Accordingly, there remains a need for a bailer design that
does not leak.
[0011] However, in view of the prior art, considered as a whole at
the time the present invention was made, it was not obvious to
those of ordinary skill in the pertinent art how the needed bailer
could be provided.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] The long-standing but heretofore unfulfilled need for a
bailer that does not leak is now provided by a new, useful, and
nonobvious bailer. The novel bailer includes an elongate, tubular
main body having a hollow interior, an upper end and a lower end. A
primary check valve is slidingly received within the hollow
interior at the lower end and at least one auxiliary check valve is
slidingly received within the hollow interior in longitudinally
spaced relation to the primary check valve. A barrier means is
slidingly received within the hollow interior in longitudinally
spaced relation to the at least one auxiliary check valve. The at
least one auxiliary check valve is disposed between the primary
check valve and the barrier means. The primary check valve and the
at least one auxiliary check valve admit liquid fluid into the
hollow interior of the bailer when the bailer is immersed within a
body of liquid fluid. The primary and auxiliary check valves work
in combination with one another to inhibit leakage of liquid fluid
from the hollow interior.
[0013] At least some particulate matter in the liquid fluid
contained within the hollow interior is collected in an annular
trough formed at the lowermost end of the bailer. Additional
particulate matter is collected by one or more pockets formed in
the auxiliary valve assembly.
[0014] It is therefore understood that the primary object of this
invention is to provide a bailer that doesn't leak.
[0015] A closely related is to provide a non-leaking bailer that is
simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture, reliable, and
easy to assemble.
[0016] Another very important object is to provide a bailer that
can be used effectively even when a liquid fluid being sampled
contains particulate matter.
[0017] These and other important objects, advantages, and features
of the invention will become clear as this description
proceeds.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the
invention, reference should be made to the following detailed
description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
[0019] FIG. 1 is side elevational view of the novel bailer;
[0020] FIG. 2 is top view of the primary check valve;
[0021] FIG. 3 is detailed side elevational view of the primary
check valve;
[0022] FIG. 4 is a top view of an auxiliary check valve; and
[0023] FIG. 5 is a top view of the barrier.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Referring now to FIG. 1, it will there be seen that the
reference numeral 10 denotes an illustrative embodiment of the
present invention as a whole.
[0025] It should be understood from the outset that the invention
to be disclosed has utility with bailers of all types and sizes.
The bailer denoted 10 is merely one type of bailer and the
invention is not restricted to bailers of the type depicted.
[0026] Illustrative bailer 10 includes tubular main body 12 that
defines a hollow interior 14. It has a primary check valve
assembly, denoted 16 as a whole, at its lowermost or leading end.
In this illustrative example, two (2) auxiliary check valve
assemblies 16a and 16b are positioned in hollow interior 14 of
tubular main body 12 in vertically spaced relation to primary check
valve 16. As will become clear as this description proceeds, any
number of auxiliary check valve assemblies may be used, depending
upon the requirements of individual applications. The use of at
least one auxiliary check valve assembly is a critical aspect of
this invention, i.e., whether the particular number of auxiliary
check valve assemblies used in a particular application is one or
two or more is not a critical aspect of this invention.
[0027] Primary check valve assembly 16 includes a primary check
valve seat 18 and a primary check valve ball 20 that is seated in
primary check valve seat 18 when bailer 10 is in a state of
equilibrium. A state of equilibrium exists when the bailer is empty
and not in use and shortly after a sample fluid has been collected
within the hollow interior of the bailer and no further fluid is
flowing into hollow interior 14. The qualification "shortly after"
is used because it may take a few moments for primary check valve
ball 20 to sink into primary check valve seat 18 after fluid has
stopped flowing into said hollow interior. Primary check valve ball
16 rises and separates from primary check valve seat 18 when liquid
fluid flows into hollow interior 14 of tubular main body 12.
Primary check valve ball 20 returns to its seated position against
said primary check valve seat 18 when said liquid fluid has ceased
flowing into said hollow interior.
[0028] Two auxiliary check valves are depicted in FIG. 1 and
denoted 16a, 16b, as aforesaid, but a different plurality of
auxiliary check valves is within the scope of this invention. Each
auxiliary check valve further increases the leak-inhibiting
properties of the present invention. Auxiliary check valve seat 18a
and auxiliary check valve ball 20a together comprise first
auxiliary check valve 16a. Auxiliary check valve seat 18b and
auxiliary check valve ball 20b together comprise second auxiliary
check valve 16b.
[0029] The relatively short height or truncate longitudinal extent
of auxiliary check valves 16a and 16b is an important feature of
this invention because it enables the placing of a large number of
auxiliary valves in the hollow interior 14 of tubular main body 12
if an application requires more than just one or two auxiliary
check valves. Note in FIG. 1 that each auxiliary check valve
assembly 16a, 16b has less longitudinal extent than primary check
valve assembly 16.
[0030] Illustrative bailer 10 further includes closure means or cap
22 to which is secured a rope, not depicted, or other suitable
means for lowering and lifting a bailer into and from a body of
fluid. Cap 22 may be removed when collected fluid is poured from
hollow interior 14 of the bailer, or it may be provided with an
opening for that purpose so that it need not be removed. Cap 22
forms no part, per se, of this invention.
[0031] Weights (not shown) may be attached to the lower and upper
end of tubular main body 12 to provide sufficient ballast to cause
the bailer to submerge when lowered into a fluid body. Said weights
form no part, per se, of this invention.
[0032] Barrier means 24 (FIGS. 1 and 5) is positioned above
uppermost auxiliary check valve 16b and serves to restrain
spherical check valve ball 20b as it rises with respect to
auxiliary check valve seat 18b.
[0033] Barrier means 24 includes an annular wall 26 having a
diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of tubular main
body 12 so that said annular wall is slidingly positioned within
hollow interior 14. Barrier means 24 may take many forms but in
this particular embodiment it includes a pair of barrier arms 28,
30 that extend from hub 29 diametrically across hollow interior 14
of tubular main body 12. Each barrier arm has opposite ends secured
to annular wall 26 in equidistantly and circumferentially spaced
relation to one another so that said barrier arms are disposed at
right angles to one another. Each of the spaces 32 collectively
defined by said annular wall 26 and said barrier arms 28, 30 is
smaller in breadth than auxiliary check valve ball 20b so that said
auxiliary check valve ball cannot travel therethrough.
[0034] Barrier arms 28, 30 are narrow in construction to minimize
resistance to fluid flow into hollow interior 14. Barrier means 24
need not be spaced far from auxiliary check valve assembly 16b. All
that is needed is sufficient clearance for auxiliary check valve
ball 20b to fully unseat from its check valve seat 18b when fluid
flows into said hollow interior 14. A relatively short clearance is
also desirable because it shortens the distance ball 20b must sink
to become seated and hence the time required for such seating to
take place after fluid stops flowing into hollow interior 14.
[0035] Referring now with more particularity to the primary check
valve assembly, it will be observed in FIGS. 2 and 3 that said
assembly includes annular wall 34 having a diameter slightly less
than that of tubular main body 12 so that said annular wall is
slidingly positionable with hollow interior 14 of said tubular main
body 12.
[0036] Bottom wall 36 is supported at its peripheral edges by
annular wall 34 and in this particular embodiment said bottom wall
is sloped downwardly as depicted.
[0037] Truncate tubular member 38 is disposed concentrically with
respect to annular wall 34 and with respect to tubular main body 12
and is supported about its periphery by bottom wall 36. Note that
the uppermost end 40 of truncate tubular member 38 forms primary
check valve seat 16 and is positioned upwardly with respect to
bottom wall 36. Accordingly, an annular trough 42 is formed for the
collection of particulate matter. The particulate matter that
collects within said trough 42 cannot interfere with the seating of
primary check valve ball 20 upon its seat 18.
[0038] Bevel 39 is formed in the lowermost or leading end of
truncate tubular member 38. Bevel 39 inhibits clogging of truncate
tubular member 38 in those situations where a relatively thin layer
of sediment has formed at the bottom of a well or other body of
liquid fluid within which bailer 10 is used. In the absence of
bevel 39, such a layer of sediment could potentially clog the
entrance to truncate tubular member 38.
[0039] As best understood in connection with FIGS. 1 and 4,
auxiliary check valve means 16a includes annular wall 44 having a
diameter slightly less than the interior diameter of tubular main
body 12 so that it is slidingly positionable within hollow interior
14. Auxiliary check valve means 16a further includes bottom wall 46
having peripheral edges connected to annular wall 44. Bottom wall
46 is apertured as at 45 (FIG. 4) and said aperture 45 forms
auxiliary check valve seat 18a for said auxiliary check valve ball
20a.
[0040] At least one pocket 48 is formed in bottom wall 46. Pocket
48 is adapted to collect particulate matter from the liquid fluid
in hollow interior 14 so that particulate matter positioned within
said at least one pocket can not interfere with seating of
auxiliary check valve ball 20a on said auxiliary check valve seat
18a. In a preferred embodiment, as depicted in FIG. 4, said at
least one pocket includes a plurality of pockets, collectively
denoted 48, formed in bottom wall 46 in circumferentially spaced
apart relation to one another.
[0041] The structure of auxiliary check valve 16b is the same as
that of auxiliary check valve 16a.
[0042] Both primary check valve assembly 16 and the auxiliary check
valve assemblies are thus unique in structure in view of their
respective means for trapping particulates to reduce the chances
that particulate matter will interfere with valve seating.
Significantly, with one or more auxiliary check valves, the chances
of a bailer leaking are very small.
[0043] When a fluid first flows upwardly into hollow interior 14,
check valve balls 20, 20a, and 20b are unseated from their
respective check valve seats 18, 18a, 18b in sequence with primary
check valve ball 20 being unseated first. When fluid stops flowing
into hollow interior 14, each ball settles into its associated
seat.
[0044] In a conventional bailer, all of the hydrostatic pressure is
applied to the lone check valve assembly at the lowermost end of
the bailer. In the novel bailer, however, primary check valve
assembly 16 is subjected only to the hydrostatic pressure of the
fluid column below the first auxiliary check valve assembly 16a.
Similarly, first auxiliary check valve assembly 16a bears only the
hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column below the second auxiliary
check valve assembly 16b and said second auxiliary check valve
assembly 16b bears only the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid
column above it. In this way, the hydrostatic fluid pressure
applied to primary check valve assembly 16 is reduced by the sum of
the hydrostatic pressures appearing on the first and second
auxiliary check valve assemblies 16a, 16b, respectively. Thus, said
primary check valve assembly is less likely to leak due to the
decrease in hydrostatic pressure vis a vis conventional bailers.
The same reduction in leakage applies as well to the second and
third auxiliary check valve assemblies 16a, 16b, respectively.
[0045] Accordingly, none of the check valve assemblies is subjected
to as much hydrostatic pressure as the check valves of the prior
art. When that feature is coupled with the in-series arrangement of
the check valves, the significant reduction in leakage achievable
with this inventive structure becomes apparent.
[0046] The provision of particulate-trapping annular trough 42 in
primary valve assembly 16 and pockets 48 in auxiliary valve
assemblies 16a, 16b serves as further insurance against
leakage.
[0047] The novel bailer thus represents the pinnacle of anti-leak
bailers.
[0048] It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, and
those made apparent from the foregoing description, are efficiently
attained. Since certain changes may be made in the above
construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it
is intended that all matters contained in the foregoing description
or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as
illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
[0049] It is also to be understood that the following claims are
intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the
invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the
invention which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall
therebetween.
[0050] Now that the invention has been described,
* * * * *