U.S. patent application number 10/286806 was filed with the patent office on 2003-04-03 for medical set for intervention on an anatomical duct sealing ring pertaining to said set and use of said ring.
Invention is credited to Anidjar, Samy, Chevillon, Gerard, Nadal, Guy.
Application Number | 20030065378 10/286806 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 27447007 |
Filed Date | 2003-04-03 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030065378 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Chevillon, Gerard ; et
al. |
April 3, 2003 |
Medical set for intervention on an anatomical duct sealing ring
pertaining to said set and use of said ring
Abstract
A method for implanting a medical set in a human blood vessel,
the medical set comprising a prosthesis adapted to be introduced in
the vessel, the prosthesis having a first end and a second end, and
being adapted to be disposed against an inner wall of the vessel at
least at one of the ends, the prosthesis comprising a tubular
sleeve and a strap adapted to be disposed against the vessel at a
location adjacent one of the ends of the tubular sleeve, the strap
having a hemostatic covering for reducing any blood leakage at the
location of the strap.
Inventors: |
Chevillon, Gerard;
(Montrouge, FR) ; Nadal, Guy; (Poitiers, FR)
; Anidjar, Samy; (Paris, FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ROTHWELL, FIGG, ERNST & MANBECK, P.C.
1425 K STREET, N.W.
SUITE 800
WASHINGTON
DC
20005
US
|
Family ID: |
27447007 |
Appl. No.: |
10/286806 |
Filed: |
November 4, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10286806 |
Nov 4, 2002 |
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09870520 |
Jun 1, 2001 |
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6511506 |
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09870520 |
Jun 1, 2001 |
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09308934 |
Aug 2, 1999 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
623/1.13 ;
606/142; 623/1.34; 623/1.36 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F 2/89 20130101; A61F
2/07 20130101; A61F 2/848 20130101; A61F 2002/075 20130101; A61F
2220/0075 20130101; Y10S 623/903 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
623/1.13 ;
623/1.34; 623/1.36; 606/142 |
International
Class: |
A61F 002/06 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 1, 1997 |
FR |
97 12231 |
May 12, 1998 |
FR |
98 05946 |
Jun 15, 1998 |
FR |
98 07527 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A medical set for a duct in a human body, comprising: a stent
graft adapted to be introduced in the duct, the stent graft
comprising a tubular sleeve and stent means, a strap adapted to
surround the exterior of the duct, at a location adjacent the stent
graft, the strap comprising a rigid structure which is deformable,
the rigid structure comprising two hoopings which are substantially
parallel and spaced one from the other.
2. The medical set of claim 1, wherein the rigid structure is
deformable between a first position in which it has an opened ring
shape showing a ring opening having a determined width and a second
position in which said width is enlarged.
3. A medical set for a duct in a human body, the medical set
comprising a strap adapted to surround the duct, the strap
comprising a rigid structure which is deformable, the rigid
structure having a naturally opened section ring shape comprising
two hoopings which are spaced one from the other.
4. The medical set according to claim 2, wherein the two hoopings
have naturally a split ring shape, each.
5. The medical set according to claim 2, wherein the strap is
elastically deformable between a first relaxed position in which
the rigid structure has said naturally opened section ring and a
second constrained position.
6. The medical set according to claim 5, further comprising a
tubular catheter for introducing the strap in the human body round
the duct, the tubular catheter having an internal diameter adapted
for receiving the strap in its second constrained position.
7. The medical set according to claim 6, further comprising pliers
for grasping the strap, the pliers being adapted for being slidably
disposed in the tubular catheter, together with the strap.
8. The medical set, wherein the strap has an hemostatic covering
for reducing a blood leakage at the location of the strap.
9. The medical set according to claim 6, wherein, in the tubular
catheter, the strap is constrained in its second constrained
position which is a substantially flat-shaped position.
10. The medical set according to claim 2, wherein the two hoopings
have free ends and are connected one to the other at said ends.
11. The medical set according to claim 2, wherein the rigid
structure is covered with a protective layer made of a self-sealing
material.
12. The medical set according to claim 11, wherein the self-sealing
material is a silicone.
13. The medical set according to claim 2, wherein the rigid
structure is covered with an hemostatic pledget.
14. The medical set according to claim 11, wherein the protective
layer is covered with an hemostatic pledget.
15. The medical set according to claim 13, wherein the duct has an
outer section and the hemostatic pledget has a length and a first
end and a second end, where divisible members extend, to fit the
length of the strap to the outer section of the duct.
16. The medical set according to claim 15, wherein the divisible
members are made of one of felt and cloth.
17. A medical set for a duct in a human body, comprising a strap
adapted to surround the duct, the strap comprising a rigid
structure defining a radio-opaque marker.
18. The medical set of claim 17, wherein the rigid structure is
deformable and has a naturally opened section ring shape.
19. The medical set of claim 17, wherein the rigid structure
comprises two blades defining two radio-opaque markers which are
spaced one from the other.
20. The medical set of claim 17, wherein the rigid structure is
deformable between a first position in which it has an opened ring
shape showing a ring opening having a determined width and a second
position in which said width is enlarged.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a divisional of co-pending application
Ser. No. 09/870,520, filed Jun. 1, 2001.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The field of the invention relates to bifurcated or
rectilinear tubular prostheses designed to be implanted in a human
duct, or an animal duct, for maintaining or recovering a path
therein.
[0004] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0005] Especially, the invention applies to such a prosthesis to be
disposed at the location of a vascular aneurism (in particular of
the aorta) for isolating said aneurism, while creating there a
substitute of the wall of the vessel, so that the blood can still
circulate.
[0006] Various prostheses (or implants) designed to be disposed at
the location of an aneurism are known, those prostheses being
either self-expandable (viz. expandable without inner radial
strength, through self elasticity or shape memory) or expandable by
means of a complementary means creating an enlarging radial
internal force (such as a balloon). Those prostheses generally
comprise a metallic structure comprising at least one stent (or
enlarger) adapted to be supported on the vessel wall, at least on
one side of the aneurism, at a location called upper neck, by
creating a force for enlarging the prosthesis towards the vessel
wall.
[0007] The upper neck (or upstream neck) means the portion of the
vessel wall located above the aneurism and lower neck means the
portion of the vessel wall located just downstream the aneurism
(relative to the blood flow).
[0008] Those prostheses are typically covered with a covering
sheath which is disposed inside or outside the metallic structure
and is (or becomes) impervious. They can be implanted in the vessel
to be treated, for example through a transcutaneous, endoluminal
way (in particular by the method called of SELDINGER) before
self-expanding or before being expanded in said vessel and then
fixed to the wall. This type of prostheses is in particular
described in FR-A-2 732 404, U.S. Pat. No. 5,591,229, U.S. Pat. No.
5,330,500 or EP-A-0 696 447.
[0009] A problem is that those prostheses are generally
insufficiently adapted to the implanting conditions, in particular
at the upper neck of an aneurism. The shape of this neck (taken
along its section, or longitudinally) is often not regular (curved,
with a variable section, covered with various cellular aggregates
or hollows) and very often different from one patient to another.
Therefore, there is a hard adequation between the stent of the
prosthesis and the wall of the duct. Furthermore, after a while,
the duct tends to locally inflate under the action of the
prosthesis and thus tends to be separated therefrom. Further, the
prosthesis is sometimes incorrectly fixed to the duct and then
risks to inopportunately move.
[0010] U.S. Pat. No. 5,527,355 or U.S. Pat. No. 5,507,378 describes
a medical set 15 designed to be implanted in an anatomical duct and
comprising:
[0011] an intraluminal prosthesis comprising a structure adapted to
take up a first radially constricted state, to be inserted into the
duct, and a second radially unfolded state wherein the structure
has a general shape of a single or bifurcated tube to rest, at
least at its upper proximal end, against the wall of said duct,
near the upstream zone thereof, and
[0012] at least a collar adapted to be disposed around the duct, in
front of the proximal end of the prosthesis, for maintaining it
against the duct when the set is implanted.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0013] Nevertheless, an object of the invention is to provide a
strap, or collar, for locally lining the zone of the duct wall to
be treated with a view to improving the conditions of a
laparoscopic implantation (also called coelioscopy or endoscopy),
thus reducing the risks of the intervention (perforating the duct,
alterating the nearby organs, . . . ) and making the intervention
proceedings easier (easiness for moving the strap and the fixation
of the strap and the prosthesis). Tightly maintaining the
prosthesis is further requested.
[0014] The solution consists in using a collar which is, for its
portion to be disposed in front of the anatomical duct to be
treated, structured enough to be more rigid than a strap only, such
as in U.S. Pat. No. 5,527,355.
[0015] In particular, the ring or collar used as sealing tight
means outside and around the duct can comprise a core having the
shape of a split ring naturally curved and resilient, the core
being fixed to a flexible, elongated strap which is divisible and
extends beyond the perimeter of the core. Thus, implementing a
structured portion as a split ring is recommended.
[0016] Then, the advantage consists in having both a splitted ring
adapted to be elastically disposed around the duct and a lace or
strap, in particular made of fabric, which is very convenient for
fitting the diameter of the sealing tight ring to the duct one.
[0017] According to another preferred feature of the invention, the
core will be covered by a protecting covering made of a
self-sealing material, while the covering covers the core at least
over an external surface thereof (to be fixed thereto).
[0018] A specific application relates to using this prosthesis with
its collar(s) at the location of the vascular aneurism, while the
collar and the prosthesis are preferably disposed at the location
of the upstream and downstream aneurism necks.
[0019] Using a radially deformable collar, which is preferably
resiliently deformable, gives the opportunity to use an easily
implantable means adapted to naturally fit the exact shape of the
duct and the prosthesis. Further, designing a naturally adaptable
means, viz. adapted to be disposed around ducts having various
sections and pertaining to a sole patient or various patents, is
allowed.
[0020] According to a further consideration, the prosthesis may 30
comprise, in front of the (each) collar, a (further) radially
deformable strengthener disposed within the corresponding duct, and
consisting of at least an element or a portion of a metallic,
annular structure so located that the duct wall is interposed
between said element and the collar. Thus, if the duct is an
aneurism, the prosthesis will still be further pressed to the duct
wall. Furthermore, maintaining the prosthesis will be improved.
[0021] Together with, or in place of, this inner ring the
prosthesis can be locally lined with an annular pad to be pressed
to the internal, peripheral duct wall, for improving the sealing
where the duct is squeezed.
[0022] According to a further consideration, the external surface
of the above-mentioned inner ring can be slightly abrasive and/or
non-skid for still accurately maintaining the implant in its
receiving duct.
[0023] According to another feature, the invention takes into
consideration the accuracy of implantation to be obtained, together
with the easiness for the practitioner to fix the collar to the
prosthesis, through the duct.
[0024] Therefore, it is recommended to include a radio-opaque mark
within the collar, and in particular, to provide the core (or the
strengthening structure) of this ring with two radio-opaque
locating strips (for example made of metal) disposed substantially
parallel and separated one from the other. Those strips delimit
therebetween a zone defining, for the practitioner, a preferred
zone for fixing the prosthesis.
[0025] For still improving the quality of the imperviousness,
substantially whatever the duct perimeters are, said perimeters
being allowed to change from one patient to another, a further
feature of the invention recommends that the self-sealing
protecting cover extends beyond the perimeter of the core, along
the extended strands of the strap.
[0026] Thus, the practitioner will typically be in position to
sealingly fix his collar to the prosthesis, through the duct. If
necessary, he will adjust the length of this protecting cover by
cutting it, since it is made of a divisible material (silicone, for
example).
[0027] Further to the above-disclosed set, the invention relates to
a method for implanting a prosthesis in its reception duct, the
prosthesis being unfolded in situ, so that an external surface
thereof is tightly pressed to an internal duct wall, at the
location of an interface zone.
[0028] Preferably:
[0029] the external covering collar will be introduced around the
corresponding zone(s) of the duct, through a percutaneous way
(coelioscopy, in particular),
[0030] and the prosthesis will be percutaneously and endoluminally
implanted, through said duct, and will be unfolded in the duct for
obtaining a sealing barrier (seal) between the external surface of
the prosthesis and the inner wall of the anatomical duct.
[0031] Advantageously:
[0032] the external lining collar will be introduced in its second
state(substantially flat or with a very small diameter) in an
introducing catheter, as far as the immediate vicinity of the
external wall of the corresponding duct,
[0033] then, the collar will be pushed out of its introducing
catheter for adopting its first state (curved) around the duct,
[0034] and it will be fixed to the prosthesis (already opened in
the duct) by means of the above-mentioned fixation means brought
near the prosthesis through coelioscopy (or laparoscopy) and thus
introduced towards the prosthesis, from outside the duct, through
the wall thereof.
[0035] It is to be noted that the invention further offers means to
be used for improving the implantation of the external ring around
the duct.
[0036] For this aim, the medical set will comprise:
[0037] a sheath, or a trocar, for a laparoscopy, adapted for
introducing the collar within the patient body, up to the vicinity
of the external wall of the duct,
[0038] and pliers for maneuvering the collar, the pliers being
adapted to be slid in the sheath (or the trocar) beside the collar,
the splitted annular portion of which is then opened to a stressed,
substantially flat deformed position.
[0039] It will also be noted that, according to one aspect of the
invention, the collar can be used as a lace for moving the
corresponding duct, especially if the duct is a vessel.
[0040] In such a case, the surgeon will have to staunch one or more
bleeding(s) from the vessel.
[0041] Thus, another feature of the invention recommends to provide
the above-mentioned collar with an hemostatic structure, layer or
cover, for reducing such a bleeding where the collar is pressed to
the corresponding vessel.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0042] The invention and the application thereof will still be more
clear from the following description concerning an aneurism
treatment and made with reference to the enclosed drawings in
which:
[0043] FIG. 1 is a perspective, schematic view of a vessel affected
with an aneurism and enclosing an aneurism prosthesis together with
two schematically illustrated sealing rings,
[0044] FIG. 2 is more a detailed, enlarged view of a sealing
ring,
[0045] FIG. 3 is a section of the ring along line III-III of FIG.
2,
[0046] FIG. 4 schematically illustrates, along a partial section, a
coelioscopic trocar, together with coelioscopic pliers adapted to
be used for introducing a ring according to the invention,
[0047] FIG. 5 relates to the ring used as a lace, and then
maneuvered by two coelioscopic pliers,
[0048] FIG. 6 shows the lace of FIG. 5, at the end of the
intervention, tightly fixed around the vessel (presently the upper
neck), in an impervious manner,
[0049] FIG. 7 shows how to introduce the ring of FIG. 2 by means of
a catheter having a pusher,
[0050] FIG. 8 shows a schematic section of a sealing ring disposed
around an aorta which adheres to the corporal tissues, the ring
being fixed to the internal aortic prosthesis,
[0051] FIG. 9 is an embodiment wherein the duct is separated from
the corporal tissues, while the ring is disposed all around said
duct,
[0052] FIG. 10 shows, in a perspective view where the receiving
duct is cut, an embodiment of the set comprising the ring and the
prosthesis, and
[0053] FIG. 11 is a further embodiment of the same set as
illustrated in FIG. 10.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0054] Below, the description only refers to treating a vessel
aneurism, even if other anatomical ducts may be concerned.
[0055] At first, in FIG. 1 is illustrated a conventional aneurism
prosthesis, 1.
[0056] This implant comprises a usual, flexible, tubular sleeve 3,
typically made of cloth (for example, Dacron, TM) and adapted for
canalizing blood therethrough.
[0057] A frame consisting of a stent structure referenced as 5,
provides the sleeve 3 with a mechanical strength, while being
connected thereto with one or more surgical threads 7 for
suture.
[0058] The structure 5 can have two states:
[0059] a first state having a restrained diameter (not illustrated)
for introducing the implant within the receiving vessel (the method
of SELDINGER can typically be used),
[0060] or a second state having a larger diameter (see FIG. 1)
wherein the implant is at least locally substantially pressed to
the internal wall of the vessel.
[0061] The stent structure 5 can consist of self-expandable
stent(s) typically made of metal, such as inoxydable steel, or
which are expandable by means of an inflatable balloon (not
illustrated). Making the structure of a shape memory material, in
particular a nickel/titanium alloy (Nitinol, TM) is also
admissible.
[0062] In the example of FIG. 1, the stent structure 5 is staggered
along a lot of stages, presently 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d. Each stage is made
of an ondulated metallic thread (such as a zigzag) closed on itself
for defining a cylindrical ring (or perforated tube) having a
variable diameter.
[0063] The stages 5a and 5d are respectively located towards the
upstream free end Ia, and the downstream free end Ib of the implant
(in reference to the blood stream).
[0064] The structure 5 can be disposed inside or outside the sleeve
3 which is constricted or radially opened (relative to the axis 9
of the implant) according to the radial state of the structure
5.
[0065] It is to be noted that a shape other than consisting of
ondulated thread(s) could be used for structure 5.
[0066] For fixing the implant 1 to the vessel 10 within which said
implant is already disposed, the implant can comprise anchoring
hooks, such as referenced 11, made of metal and having a tip
adapted to pierce the vessel wall. In FIG. 1, they extend beyond
the upstream end la and are connected to stage 5a.
[0067] Complementarily to, or instead of, such hooks, using fixing
means connected to complementary sealing means but different from
said hooks, is recommended.
[0068] As described in FR 97 16625, filed on Dec. 29, 1997, these
means are fixing means passing through all the vessel wall 10,
and/or fixed thereto from the external vessel wall, such as rivets
which are different from the hooks 11 which are not designed to
pass through this wall, and which are hooked from the inner side of
the vessel.
[0069] Another efficient approach for fixing can consist in
suturing (with one or more known thread(s) for a surgical suture)
the implant to the vessel, a priori from outside the vessel, while
using an extravascular, coelioscopic approach.
[0070] Whatever these transvascular fixing means can be, they are
preferably disposed both at the upstream end 23a and downstream end
23b of the aneurism diagrammatically illustrated in 23 in FIG. 1,
except where the prosthesis, as described in FR-A-2 748 198, the
sleeve of which is free of stent at its downstream end and is there
anastomosed to the facing duct wall, is used.
[0071] Those fixing means are associated to external
reinforcing/sealing means 29 for preventing the blood flow (arrow
25 for the main flow) to still pass into the aneurism sac 27
(directly or through a reflux via collateral vessels) and also for
preventing the necks of the vessel from inflating.
[0072] In FIG. 2, the illustrated sealing means 29 comprise a
mechanically structuring core 31 having the shape of a split ring
or collar (not entirely closed on itself), naturally curved and
resilient.
[0073] As it can be more accurately seen in FIG. 3, the core 31 can
in particular comprise two metallic blades 310, 311, substantially
parallel and separated one from the other along the perimeter of
the ring 31, for defining therebetween a zone adapted for fixing
the collar to the prosthesis. These blades are connected one to the
other at their free ends, 310 and 311 (FIG. 2). The nominal
diameter of the collar is preferably equal, or slightly inferior,
to the diameter of the duct 10, for naturally and very slightly
squeezing it, and preventing the duct to inflate, despite the
internal, radial thrust of the implant 1.
[0074] This opened annular frame is covered with a protecting layer
made of a self-sealing material 33.
[0075] Thus, the core 31 is not aggressive for the patient
body.
[0076] It is to be noted that instead of metal (which is
radio-opaque), the core 31 could be made of a plastic material
having a spring effect, such as vinyl polychloride (PVC) or
polycarbonate. As metal, an inoxidable steel (Phynox, in
particular, TM) or a memory shape alloy, such as Nitinol (TM) can
be used.
[0077] The material of covering 33 can be a biocompatible silicone.
On its external surface, the collar made of such a material further
comprises a strap 35 lining the thus covered core.
[0078] The strap 35 extends all along the perimeter of the covered
collar and is continued beyond the perimeter of the core 31, at the
place of extensions 350, 351, as shown in FIG. 2.
[0079] Preferably, the extensions 350 and 351 which are disposed on
both sides of core 31 will have a full length at least
substantially equal to the length of the core perimeter P. It is to
be noted that this length P will typically be less than the
external circumference of the duct to be treated, for preventing
the core to be disposed all around.
[0080] The strap 35 can be made of cloth (such as Dacron, TM) or
biocompatible felt, or very flexible plastic material, so that the
strap can have the shape required by the practitioner to be
dividable by surgical pliers, even if the cut must be operated in
the patient body.
[0081] For a good sealing quality relative to various vessel
diameters, the protecting self-obturing covering 33 preferably
extends beyond the limits 312, 313 of the core 31, up to marks
referenced 330 and 331 in FIG. 2, viz. along a portion of the
length of the strap extensions 350, 351.
[0082] In FIG. 3, the complementary layer 52 is also lining the
collar 29, at all. It is a layer having an hemostatic capacity, for
example made of felt or foamed Teflon (TM), or a composite
braiding. Such an hemostatic strip is often technically called as
pledget and designed to reduce a bleeding when the strip is pressed
to the leakage.
[0083] Of course, it will be understood that the hemostatic layer
52 will be disposed on the inner side (INT) of ring 29, to be
directly pressed to the external wall 10a of vessel 10 (FIG.
6).
[0084] For introducing the (each) ring 29, a sheath 40, often
called a trocar in the field of endoscopy/laparoscopy, can be
used.
[0085] Moreover, this less invasive operating approach will be used
for introducing, operating and fixing the (each) ring 29.
[0086] Thus, in FIG. 4, the trocar 40 encloses the ring 29 and
coelioscopic pliers 54 the jaws 56 of which hold an end of the
strap 35 for pulling inside the patient body the illustrated ring
(see arrow 58) which then is in a substantially flat, deformed
position, while having a split annular portion 31 completely opened
and elastically stressed.
[0087] Since coelioscopy is a known operating approach, it will not
be presently described. It is only to be noted that various
transcutaneous, corporal operating approaches (including an opening
of the vessel, or not) can be followed for introducing the ring(s)
on the one side, and disposing a coelioscopic surgical tool to be
used, such as for example second pliers referenced 60 in FIG. 5, on
the other side.
[0088] In FIG. 5, the ring 29 is still in position around vessel 10
to be treated. Under the pulling action of plier 54, it has been
removed from the trocar 40 (within the patient body) wherein second
pliers (such as pliers 60) was waiting for disposing the ring as
far as possible around the vessel (it is to be noted that passing
the ring around the vessel can be delicate or impossible, in
particular for the aorta, because tissues are attaching it to the
vertebral column, presently referenced 44).
[0089] Nevertheless, where it is appropriate to dispose the ring 29
around the anatomic duct to be treated (or a supplementary organ),
this ring can be used as a lace to make the surgeon action easier.
Therefore, the latter will use in particular pliers 54, 60 (FIG. 5)
or other coelioscopic tools, for operating the corresponding duct
or organ, through the ring strands the flexibility of which makes
the required mobility of the duct or the organ easier, possibly in
connection with the relative stiffness of the frame 31.
[0090] As the ring has performed such function of moving means for
the duct or the organ, the ring is disposed at the upper neck (or
the lower neck) of vessel 10, within which the prosthesis is
already disposed.
[0091] In FIG. 6, the collar and the prosthesis are already in
position, the annular frame of the collar being closed itself
around the external wall 10a of the vessel, further to releasing it
of any restraint for opening imposed by pliers 54, 60.
[0092] According to an embodiment, the hemostatic layer 52 could be
changed into treating the surface (in particular smearing) with a
coagulating product, or a product which is dispersed, or embedded,
in the covering 33 and/or strap 35.
[0093] It will be further noted that instead of disposing the ring
29 essentially flat, it could be decided to introduce it within a
sheath 400 while pressing it on itself and pushing it with a
flexible pusher 400a, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
[0094] As the ring is pushed out of sheath 400, it can be grasped
by the surgeon pliers, within the patient body.
[0095] If the operation is to be made around a human aorta
backwardly connected (ARR) to corporal tissues 44, as illustrated
in FIG. 8, the surgeon will engage the ring 29 forwardly
(referenced AVI) while opening the split 37 thereof, in particular
through pulling the strap portions 350, 3,51, and then releasing
the strength until the ring closes up around the vessel.
[0096] The practitioner will then adapt the length of the strap by
cutting the extensions thereof (cuts referenced 46 and 48).
Preferably, the portion of the ring where the self-obturating,
protecting cover 33 extends will be so cut, for improving the
imperviousness thereof.
[0097] The practitioner will then fix the ring 29 and the internal
prosthesis 1 together, through the intermediate vessel 10. In FIG.
8, a surgical suture 42 is diagrammatically illustrated for showing
such a connection which passes several times through all the set
comprising the ring/vessel/implant from outside the ring 29, while
passing around one or more stent segments 5, if useful.
(Preferably, the required needle win have a section less than the
thread one, for improving the imperviousness).
[0098] Of course, more than one suture threads can be used and the
way followed by thread 42 in FIG. 5 is only an illustration of a
general principle for suturing, well known by the surgeons
(vascular surgeons, in particular).
[0099] Laparoscopic trocar will be used for introducing the fixing
means (suture threads together with operating pliers, rivets such
as in FR 97 16625) and pliers will be used for intracorporally
operating them.
[0100] The radio-opaque marking of leaves 310, 311, or any other
metallic element added to the collar 29, shows the practitioner
where the connection has to take place.
[0101] In FIG. 9, the duct (referenced 10') in which is received
the aneurism prosthesis 1, is slightly separated from the corporal
tissues 44 (distance 1).
[0102] Then, it could be advantageous for the practitioner to
dispose forward (AVT) the opened split 37 of the elastic ring 29,
rather than backward (ARR) near the tissues 44.
[0103] Then the practitioner presses altogether, blood tightly, the
duct and the prosthesis, from outside the ring, and thus outside
the duct, for example one more time with a surgical suture thread
42, at least at the upper neck 23a, where most of the blood flow 25
enters.
[0104] As previously described, the ring 29 (and in particular the
splitted ring 31 thereof is used as an outer support, or
strengthener, for the connection and the imperviousness.
[0105] Moreover, the prosthesis can be associated to an internal
strengthener 150' adapted to increase from the inside the pressure
strength exerted by the prosthesis on the vessel wall, at the place
of one and/or the other necks, as shown in FIG. 10, according to an
embodiment. Therefore, the ring 150' is adapted to have its shape
changed, preferably in a resilient manner.
[0106] This strengthener can be structurally independent from the
prosthesis (referenced 150, FIG. 1), and will then preferably be
implanted after the prosthesis. As an alternative, it can be
directly integrated therein into one piece (FIGS. 10 and 11,
references 150' and 150" respectively).
[0107] Wherever the strengthener is independent from the
prosthesis, the frame thereof can substantially be the same as the
one of the ring 31 (splitted ring).
[0108] Wherever the strengthener is integrated to the prosthesis,
the frame of the latter can be modified so that the proximal
portion thereof (or upstream portion) Ia and possibly the
downstream portion, consist(s) of a strengthener 150' (FIG. 10).
The metallic elements which presently define this frame have a
larger section. It is zigzag thread(s), the diameter of their
thread is larger. In FIG. 10, the example shows metallic bars 151
which are disposed on the terminal section la, and which limit the
cells 153, are larger than the bars 156 pertaining to the remaining
frame 5'. Thus, the cells 153 are smaller than the cells 157 which
allow the radial expansion of the remaining frame to be
obtained.
[0109] In FIG. 11, frame 5" is already internally disposed and is
already defined, in the radially deployed state thereof, as a
cylindrical tube having a (substantially) circular section, opened
as a grid having diamond-shaped cells. The techniques known as
laser piercing of a metallic tube having non-opened walls, can be
used therefor. The strengthener 150" is now peripherically disposed
outside the implant, to be directly pressed to the neck 23a. Small
holes (not illustrated) can be provided for passing attaching ties
through the strengthener, the stent and the sheath 3.
[0110] In particular for possibly preventing the implant to have
anchoring hooks, the external surface 152 of strengthener 150" can
be slightly abrasive or non-skid.
[0111] As it is an independent piece, the separating force of the
frame will preferably be stronger than the one of a usual stent
[0112] In the embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11, it will be noted that
the external ring 29' consists solely of a thread 31' which is
folded for having two hoopings which are parallel and separated
from a constant distance substantially equal to the width of the
strengthener. So, the latter is engaged in the unfolded position of
the set between two hoopings and has thus no translation. Such a
solution comprising hoopings can also be applied to a ring having a
non-opened surface and, then, said hoopings inwardly project to
reserve an annular zone adapted to receive said strengthener.
[0113] Further, it is possible to add a pad made of a biocompatible
foam, between the prosthesis and the vessel wall, for preventing
said wan to be damaged, on the one side, and improve the
tight-impervious contact between the prosthesis and the vessel
wall, while absorbing the imperfections of said wall, on the other
side. The annular pad, diagrammatically represented in 169, in FIG.
10, will preferably cover the prosthesis, outwardly, before the
implantation thereof, at the place of the proximal and/or distal
portion thereof.
[0114] As an alternative embodiment it could be decided to adapt
the 20 above-described set for implanting it is another anatomic
duct, such as the gall bladder, see WO-A-97/09008 (dimensions,
material, . . . , ref. P. 8 to 11).
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