U.S. patent application number 09/917322 was filed with the patent office on 2003-02-27 for clear silicone microemulsions formed spontaneously.
Invention is credited to Feng, Qian Jane, Hill, Randal Myron, Lin, Zuchen.
Application Number | 20030040571 09/917322 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 25438625 |
Filed Date | 2003-02-27 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030040571 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Feng, Qian Jane ; et
al. |
February 27, 2003 |
CLEAR SILICONE MICROEMULSIONS FORMED SPONTANEOUSLY
Abstract
Clear microemulsions are formed spontaneously without mixing,
stirring, shearing, or input of mechanical energy for agitating
ingredients used in making microemulsions, by simply combining (i)
water; (ii) a volatile siloxane; (iii) a long chain or high
molecular weight silicone polyether; and, as an optional
ingredient, (iv) a cosurfactant such as a monohydroxy alcohol, an
organic diol, an organic triol, an organic tetraol, a silicone
diol, a silicone triol, a silicone tetraol, and a nonionic organic
surfactant. In an alternate embodiment, a non-volatile siloxane is
included as an ingredient, and the silicone polyether is a long
chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether, or a short chain
or low molecular weight silicone polyether.
Inventors: |
Feng, Qian Jane; (Midland,
MI) ; Hill, Randal Myron; (Midland, MI) ; Lin,
Zuchen; (Midland, MI) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Dow Corning Corporation
Intellectual Property Department CO1232
P.O. Box 994
Midland
MI
48686-0994
US
|
Family ID: |
25438625 |
Appl. No.: |
09/917322 |
Filed: |
July 30, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
524/837 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 8/894 20130101;
A61K 2800/262 20130101; C08J 2383/04 20130101; A61K 8/068 20130101;
C08J 3/03 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61K 8/585 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
524/837 |
International
Class: |
C08J 003/00 |
Claims
1. A method comprising spontaneously forming a clear microemulsion
without mixing, stirring, shearing, or input of mechanical energy
for agitating ingredients used in making microemulsions, by simply
combining as ingredients (i) water; (ii) a volatile siloxane; (iii)
a long chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether; and, as
an optional ingredient, (iv) a cosurfactant selected from the group
consisting of a monohydroxy alcohol, an organic diol, an organic
triol, an organic tetraol, a silicone diol, a silicone triol, a
silicone tetraol, and a nonionic organic surfactant; the long chain
or high molecular weight silicone polyether (iii) having formula
5where R1 represents an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms; R2
represents the radical
--(CH.sub.2).sub.aO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.b(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.cR3;
x is 20-1,000; y is 2-500; z is 2-500; a is 3-6; b is 4-20; c is
0-5; and R3 is hydrogen, a methyl radical, or an acyl radical.
2. A method according to claim 1 in which volatile siloxane (ii) is
a volatile linear methyl siloxanes of the formula
(CH.sub.3).sub.3SiO{(CH.s- ub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.kSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3
where k is 0-5; or a cyclic methyl siloxane of the formula
{(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.t where t is 3-9; the volatile siloxane
having a boiling point less than about 250.degree. C., and a
viscosity of 0.65-5.0 mm.sup.2/s.
3. Clear microemulsions prepared according to the method defined in
claim 1.
4. A method comprising spontaneously forming a clear microemulsion
without mixing, stirring, shearing, or input of mechanical energy
for agitating ingredients used in making microemulsions, by simply
combining as ingredients (i) water; (ii) a volatile siloxane; (iii)
a non-volatile siloxane; (iv) a long chain or high molecular weight
silicone polyether, or a short chain or low molecular weight
silicone polyether; and, as an optional ingredient, (v) a
cosurfactant selected from the group consisting of a monohydroxy
alcohol, an organic diol, an organic triol, an organic tetraol, a
silicone diol, a silicone triol, a silicone tetraol, and a nonionic
organic surfactant.
5. A method according to claim 4 in which silicone polyether (iv)
is a long chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether having
formula 6where R1 represents an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon
atoms; R2 represents the radical
--(CH.sub.2).sub.aO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.b(C.sub.3-
H.sub.6O).sub.cR3; x is 20-1,000; y is 2-500; z is 2-500; a is 3-6;
b is 4-20; c is 0-5; and R3 is hydrogen, a methyl radical, or an
acyl radical.
6. A method according to claim 4 in which volatile siloxane (ii) is
a volatile linear methyl siloxanes of the formula
(CH.sub.3).sub.3SiO{(CH.s- ub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.kSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3
where k is 0-5 or a cyclic methyl siloxane of the formula
{(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.t where t is 3-9; the volatile siloxanes
have a boiling point less than about 250.degree. C. and a viscosity
of 0.65-5.0 mm.sup.2/s.
7. A method according to claim 6 in which non-volatile siloxane
(iii) is a nonvolatile linear or cyclic higher alkyl or aryl
siloxane of the formula
R.sup.a.sub.3SiO(R.sup.a.sub.2SiO).sub.pSiR.sup.a.sub.3 or
(R.sup.a.sub.2SiO).sub.r where R.sup.a is an alkyl group with 1-20
carbon atoms or an aryl group, hydrogen, an aralkyl (arylalkyl)
group, or an alkaryl (alkylaryl) group; p is 0-375; r is 3-9; and
the non-volatile siloxane has a viscosity greater than five
mm.sup.2/s to 1,000 mm.sup.2/sec.
8. Clear microemulsions prepared according to the method defined in
claim 4.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] Not applicable.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0002] Not applicable.
REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX
[0003] Not applicable.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0004] This invention is related to clear silicone microemulsions
that form spontaneously without input of significant mechanical
energy, and more particularly to the use of certain longer chain,
higher molecular weight species of silicone polyether (SPE) as
primary surfactant. They can also be used in forming clear silicone
microemulsions containing oil phases consisting of mixtures of
volatile as well as nonvolatile silicone oils.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0005] Microemulsions are clear or transparent because they contain
particles smaller than the wavelength of visible light, i.e.,
typically 10-100 nanometer. They can contain oil droplets dispersed
in water (O/W), water droplets dispersed in oil (W/O), or they may
be bi-continuous in their structure. They are characterized by
ultra low interfacial tension between oil and water phases.
[0006] While U.S. Pat. No. 5,705,562 (Jan. 6, 1998) teach the use
of short chain or low molecular weight silicone polyethers in
preparation of spontaneously formed clear silicone microemulsions,
they do not teach preparing clear silicone microemulsions using
long chain or high molecular weight silicone polyethers. This is
not surprising as prior to this invention, there is nothing in the
public domain relative to the preparation of clear silicone
microemulsions using long chain or high molecular weight silicone
polyethers.
[0007] The '562 patent, unlike the present invention, also fails to
teach preparation of clear microemulsions from mixtures of both a
volatile silicone oil and a nonvolatile silicone oil. Rather, the
clear silicone microemulsions in the '562 patent are limited to oil
phases containing only silicone oils which are volatile.
[0008] As a third distinction, according to the '562 patent, the
composition should be free of non-essential ingredients such as
cosurfactants. According to this invention, however, the
composition may contain such non-essential cosurfactants, yet
result in formation of clear silicone microemulsions.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The invention relates to a method of spontaneously forming a
clear microemulsion without mixing, stirring, shearing, or input of
mechanical energy for agitating ingredients used in making
microemulsions, by simply combining as ingredients (i) water; (ii)
a volatile siloxane; (iii) a long chain or high molecular weight
silicone polyether; and, as an optional ingredient, (iv) a
cosurfactant such as a monohydroxy alcohol, an organic diol, an
organic triol, an organic tetraol, a silicone diol, a silicone
triol, a silicone tetraol, and a nonionic organic surfactant.
[0010] In this embodiment, the long chain or high molecular weight
silicone polyether is a polymer having formula 1
[0011] where R1 represents an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon
atoms;
[0012] R2 represents the radical
--(CH.sub.2).sub.aO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.-
b(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.cR3; x is 20-1,000; y is 2-500; z is 2-500;
a is 3-6; b is 4-20; c is 0-5; and R3 is hydrogen, a methyl
radical, or an acyl radical.
[0013] In an alternate embodiment, the invention relates to a
method of spontaneously forming a clear microemulsion without
mixing, stirring, shearing, or input of mechanical energy for
agitating ingredients used in making microemulsions, by simply
combining as ingredients (i) water; (ii) a volatile siloxane; (iii)
a non-volatile siloxane; (iv) a silicone polyether; and, as an
optional ingredient, (v) a cosurfactant such as a monohydroxy
alcohol, an organic diol, an organic triol, an organic tetraol, a
silicone diol, a silicone triol, a silicone tetraol, and a nonionic
organic surfactant.
[0014] A long chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether, or
a short chain or low molecular weight silicone polyether can be
used in this alternate embodiment.
[0015] Clear microemulsions prepared according to either method are
also a feature of the invention.
[0016] These and other features of the invention will become
apparent from a consideration of the detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
[0017] Not applicable.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0018] In a first embodiment of the invention, clear microemulsions
are formed by simply combining the components (i) water; (ii) a
volatile siloxane; (iii) a long chain or high molecular weight
silicone polyether; and, as an optional component, (iv) a
cosurfactant such as a monohydroxy alcohol, an organic diol,
organic triol, organic tetraol, silicone diol, silicone triol,
silicone tetraol, or nonionic organic surfactant.
[0019] Some representative examples of the optional cosurfactant
component (iv) include monohydroxy alcohols such as methanol,
ethanol, and 2-propanol; organic diols such as ethylene glycol and
propylene glycol; organic triols such as glycerol; organic tetraols
such as pentaerythritol and 1,2,3,6-hexane tetraol; and a silicone
tetraol such as shown below. 2
[0020] The nonionic surfactant should be a non-silicon atom
containing nonionic emulsifier. Most preferred are alcohol
ethoxylates R4-(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.dOH, most particularly fatty
alcohol ethoxylates. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates typically contain
the characteristic group --(OCH.sub.2CH.sub.2).sub.dOH which is
attached to fatty hydrocarbon residue R4 which contains about eight
to about twenty carbon atoms, such as lauryl (C.sub.12), cetyl
(C.sub.16) and stearyl (C.sub.18). While the value of "d" may range
from 1 to about 100, its value is typically in the range of 2 to
40. Some examples of suitable nonionic surfactants are
polyoxyethylene (4) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (5) lauryl ether,
polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene (2) cetyl ether,
polyoxyethylene (10) cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether,
polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene (10) stearyl
ether, polyoxyethylene (20) stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene (21)
stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene
(2) oleyl ether, and polyoxyethylene (10) oleyl ether. These and
other fatty alcohol ethoxylates are commercially available under
names such as ALFONIC.RTM., ARLACEL, BRIJ, GENAPOL.RTM., LUTENSOL,
NEODOL.RTM., RENEX, SOFTANOL, SURFONIC.RTM., TERGITOL.RTM., TRYCOL,
and VOLPO.
[0021] Compositions according to this embodiment of invention
contain 5-90 percent by weight of surfactant, preferably 15-50
percent by weight. The balance of the composition is oil and water,
with the proportions of oil and water generally being in the ratios
of 5:95 to 95:5, respectively.
[0022] In a second embodiment of the invention, clear microemulsion
are formed by simply combining the components (i) water; (ii) a
volatile siloxane; (iii) a nonvolatile siloxane; (iv) a silicone
polyether; and as an optional component, (v) a cosurfactant such as
a monohydroxy alcohol, an organic diol, an organic triol, an
organic tetraol, a silicone diol, silicone triol, silicone tetraol,
or a nonionic organic surfactants.
[0023] Compositions according to this embodiment of the invention
contain 5-90 percent by weight of surfactant, preferably 15-50
percent by weight. The balance of the composition is oil and water,
in proportions of oil and water generally in the ratios of 5:95 to
95:5. The nonvolatile silicone oil in the mixed oil phase
constitutes 1-30 percent of the oil component.
[0024] The long chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether
can have a structure represented by: 3
[0025] A cyclic polyether of the type shown below can also be used.
4
[0026] In these structures, R1 represents an alkyl group containing
1-6 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and
hexyl; R2 represents the radical
--(CH.sub.2).sub.aO(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.b(C.sub.3-
H.sub.6O).sub.cR3; x has a value of 20-1,000; y has a value of
2-500 z has a value of 2-500; m has a value of 3-5; n is one; a has
a value of 3-6; b has a value of 4-20; c has a value of 0-5; and R3
is hydrogen, a methyl radical, or an acyl radical such as acetyl.
Preferably, R1 is methyl; b is 6-12; c is zero; and R3 is
hydrogen.
[0027] Silicone oils suitable for use in making clear silicone
microemulsions according to this invention include both volatile
and nonvolatile linear and cyclic methyl, higher alkyl, or aryl
siloxanes.
[0028] The volatile linear methyl siloxanes have the formula
(CH.sub.3).sub.3SiO{(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.kSi(CH.sub.3).sub.3.
The value of k is 0-5. The volatile cyclic methyl siloxanes have
the formula {(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO}.sub.t. The value of t is 3-9.
Preferably, these volatile polydimethylsiloxanes have a boiling
point less than about 250.degree. C. and viscosity of about 0.65 to
about 5.0 mm.sup.2/s.
[0029] Some representative volatile linear methyl siloxanes are
hexamethyldisiloxane (MM) with a boiling point of 100.degree. C.,
viscosity of 0.65 mm.sup.2/s, and formula Me.sub.3SiOSiMe.sub.3;
octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) with a boiling point of 152.degree. C.,
viscosity of 1.04 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
Me.sub.3SiOMe.sub.2SiOSiMe.sub.- 3; decamethyltetrasiloxane
(MD.sub.2M) with a boiling point of 194.degree. C., viscosity of
1.53 mm.sup.2/s, and formula Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).su-
b.2SiMe.sub.3; dodecamethylpentasiloxane (MD.sub.3M) with a boiling
point of 229.degree. C., viscosity of 2.06 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.3SiMe.sub.3;
tetradecamethylhexasiloxane (MD.sub.4M) with a boiling point of
245.degree. C., viscosity of 2.63 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.4SiMe.sub.3; and
hexadecamethylheptasiloxane (MD.sub.5M) with a boiling point of
270.degree. C., viscosity of 3.24 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
Me.sub.3SiO(Me.sub.2SiO).sub.5SiMe.sub.3.
[0030] Some representative volatile cyclic methyl siloxanes are
hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D.sub.3) a solid with a boiling point
of 134.degree. C. and formula {(Me.sub.2)SiO}.sub.3;
octamethylcyclotetrasil- oxane (D.sub.4) with a boiling point of
176.degree. C., viscosity of 2.3 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
{(Me.sub.2)SiO}.sub.4; decamethylcyclopentasiloxa- ne (D.sub.5)
with a boiling point of 210.degree. C., viscosity of 3.87
mm.sup.2/s, and formula {(Me.sub.2)SiO}.sub.5; and
dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D.sub.6) with a boiling point of
245.degree. C., viscosity of 6.62 mm.sup.2/s, and formula
{(Me.sub.2)SiO}.sub.6.
[0031] The nonvolatile linear and cyclic higher alkyl and aryl
siloxanes are represented respectively by the formulas
R.sup.a.sub.3SiO(R.sup.a.sub- .2SiO).sub.pSiR.sup.a.sub.3 and
(R.sup.a.sub.2SiO).sub.r. R.sup.a can be an alkyl group with 1-20
carbon atoms, or an aryl group such as phenyl. R.sup.a can also be
hydrogen, an aralkyl (arylalkyl) group such as benzyl, or an
alkaryl (alkylaryl) group such as tolyl. The value of p is 0-80,
preferably 5-20. The value of r is 3-9, preferably 4-6. These
polysiloxanes generally have a viscosity in the range of about
5-100 mm.sup.2/s.
[0032] Nonvolatile polysiloxanes can also be used where p has a
value sufficient to provide siloxane polymers with a viscosity in
the range of about 100-1,000 mm.sup.2/sec. Typically, p can be
about 80-375. Illustrative of such polysiloxanes are
polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, polymethylethylsiloxane,
polymethylphenylsiloxane, polydiphenylsiloxane, and
polymethylhydrogensiloxane.
EXAMPLES
[0033] The following examples are set forth in order to illustrate
the invention in more detail. In these examples, the symbol M is
used to indicate the monofunctional polyorganosiloxane structural
unit R.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2, while the symbol D is used to indicate the
difunctional polyorganosiloxane structural unit
R.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2.
Example 1
Preparation of Single Phase Oil and Water Compositions with
Polymeric Silicone Surfactants
[0034] A 60/40, 70/30 and 80/20 mixture of silicone polyether
(SPE), and 1,2-hexanediol were each prepared by heating the SPE for
45 seconds in a microwave oven, and then adding 1,2-hexanediol. The
mixtures were shaken and spun on the rotary wheel of a Model
7637-01 Roto-Torque device for thirty minutes. The mixtures were
all used at room temperature.
[0035] For each sample, a triangular graph was used to determine
the desired percentages of each of the three components to be used.
Using a Mettler AG204 analytical balance, samples with a total mass
of three gram were prepared. For example, 1.65 g of surfactant
(60/40) was first weighed into a 13.times.100 mm Pyrex tube vial,
1.215 g of deionized water was added, and finally 0.135 g of
volatile siloxane D.sub.5. Other samples prepared included (i) 1.5
g of surfactant (70/30), 1.35 g of deionized water, and 0.15 g of
D.sub.5 fluid; and (ii) 1.5 g of surfactant (80/20), 1.35 g of
deionized water, and 0.15 g of D.sub.5 fluid. The sample tube vials
were each labeled and spun on the rotary wheel for ten minutes. All
formed clear microemulsions.
[0036] Microemulsions were also formed using an SPE, diethylene
glycol monohexyl ether, D.sub.5 fluid, and deionized water. The
best results were obtained using compositions comprising (i) 1.5 g
of the 50/50 surfactant, 0.15 g of D.sub.5 fluid, and 1.35 g of
water; (ii) 0.6 g of 50/50 surfactant, 0.24 g D.sub.5 fluid, and
2.16 g of water; and (ii) 1.8 g of 50/50 surfactant, 0.6 g of
D.sub.5 fluid, and 0.6 g of water.
1TABLE 1 Percent Surfactant % H.sub.2O Percent Oil Appearance 55%
SPE/1,2-hexanediol (60/40) 40.50 4.5% D.sub.5 fluid Clear 50%
SPE/1,2-hexanediol (70/30) 45 5% D.sub.5 fluid Clear 50%
SPE/1,2-hexanediol (30/20) 45 5% D.sub.5 fluid Clear 50%
SPE/C.sub.6E.sub.2 (50/50) 45 5% D.sub.5 fluid Clear 20%
SPE/C.sub.6E.sub.2 (50/50) 72 8% D.sub.5 fluid Clear 60%
SPE/C.sub.6E.sub.2 (50/50) 20 20% D.sub.5 fluid Clear
[0037] In this example and in Table 1, SPE represents the long
chain or high molecular weight silicone polyether (SPE) with a
structure corresponding to MD.sub.22D'(EO.sub.12).sub.2M.
C.sub.6E.sub.2 represents the nonionic cosurfactant diethylene
glycol monohexyl ether. D.sub.5 is the volatile siloxane
decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.
Examples 2 to 4
Preparation of Single Phase Oil and Water Compositions Using
Mixtures Containing Low and High Molecular Weight Silicone Oils
[0038] In these examples, microemulsions were prepared using the
short chain or low molecular weight SPE surfactant MD'(EO.sub.7)M,
and the other components shown below in Tables 2-4.
2TABLE 2 Example 2--Microemulsions Formed at 39-70.degree. C.
Component Actual Weight, gram Surfactant, MD' (EO.sub.7)M 1.0498
Oil, Decamethylcyclopentasilox- ane 0.6276 Oil,
Polydimethylsiloxane, 10 cs 0.1558 Water 1.1704
[0039]
3TABLE 3 Example 3--Microemulsions Formed at 41-75.degree. C.
Component Actual Weight, gram Surfactant, MD' (EO.sub.7)M 0.9031
Oil, Decamethylcyclopentasilox- ane 0.6293 Oil,
Polymethylhydrogensiloxane 0.2106 Water 1.2613
[0040] The polymethylhydrogensiloxane oil used in Example 3 and
shown in Table 3 was a nonvolatile siloxane, and consisted of a
trimethylsiloxy endblocked dimethyl methylhydrogen siloxane polymer
with a viscosity of about 7 centistoke. It had a structure
generally represented by MD.sub.8.7D.sup.H.sub.3.7M.
4TABLE 4 Example 4--Microemulsions Formed at 35-45.degree. C.
Component Actual Weight, gram Surfactant, MD' (EO.sub.7)M 1.0514
Oil, Decamethylcyclopentasilox- ane 0.7413 Oil,
Polydimethylsiloxane, 50 cs 0.04 Water 1.1733
Example 5
Preparation of Microemulsion with ABA Type SPE
[0041] Six gram of a non-crosslinked and long chain or high
molecular weight silicone polyether of the formula M'D.sub.50M'
wherein M' represents
(CH.sub.3).sub.2[(CH.sub.2).sub.30(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.7H]S-
iO-- and D is (CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO.dbd.; 2.0 gram of the volatile
silicone oil D5, i.e. decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, were loaded
into a plastic container and mixed with a dental mixer for 20
seconds. Two gram of deionized water was added and mixed with the
dental mixer for 20 seconds, resulting in a clear gel.
Example 6
Preparation of Microemulsion with Rake Type SPE 1
[0042] 5.05 gram of a non-crosslinked and long chain or high
molecular weight silicone polyether of the formula
MD.sub.22D'.sub.2M wherein M represents (CH.sub.3).sub.3SiO--, D is
(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO.dbd., and D' represents
(CH.sub.3)[(CH.sub.2).sub.30(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.7H]SiO.dbd- .;
and 2.83 gram of volatile silicone oil D5, were loaded into a
plastic container and mixed with a dental mixer for 20 seconds.
2.11 gram of deionized water was added and mixed with the dental
mixer for 20 seconds, resulting in a clear gel.
Example 7
Preparation of Microemulsion with Rake Type SPE 2
[0043] 4.02 gram of a non-crosslinked and long chain or high
molecular weight silicone polyether of the formula
MD.sub.196.6D'.sub.63.4M wherein M is (CH.sub.3).sub.3SiO--, D is
(CH.sub.3).sub.2SiO.dbd., and D' represents
(CH.sub.3)[(CH.sub.2).sub.30(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.7H]SiO.dbd- .,
and 2.4 gram of volatile silicone oil D5, were loaded into a
plastic container and mixed with a dental mixer for 20 seconds.
3.61 gram of deionized water was added and mixed with the dental
mixer for 20 seconds, resulting in a clear gel.
[0044] The microemulsions prepared according to the invention can
be used in various over-the-counter (OTC) personal care products.
Thus, they can be used in antiperspirants, deodorants, skin creams,
skin care lotions, moisturizers, facial treatments such as acne or
wrinkle removers, personal and facial cleansers, bath oils,
perfumes, colognes, sachets, sunscreens, pre-shave and after-shave
lotions, liquid soaps, shaving soaps, shaving lathers, hair
shampoos, hair conditioners, hair sprays, mousses, permanents,
depilatories, cuticle coats, make-ups, color cosmetics,
foundations, blushes, lipsticks, lip balms, eyeliners, mascaras,
oil removers, color cosmetic removers, and powders. The
microemulsion compositions are also useful as carriers for
pharmaceuticals, biocides, herbicides, pesticides, and to
incorporate water and water-soluble substances into hydrophobic
systems.
[0045] Other variations may be made in compounds, compositions, and
methods described herein without departing from the essential
features of the invention. The embodiments of the invention
specifically illustrated herein are exemplary only and not intended
as limitations on their scope except as defined in the appended
claims.
* * * * *