U.S. patent application number 10/021219 was filed with the patent office on 2003-02-20 for powered antithrombotic foot mobility device.
Invention is credited to Dowd, Paul, Isaksson, Will, Ravikumar, Sundaram.
Application Number | 20030036462 10/021219 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26694434 |
Filed Date | 2003-02-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030036462 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Ravikumar, Sundaram ; et
al. |
February 20, 2003 |
Powered antithrombotic foot mobility device
Abstract
A foot mobility device includes a body, two pedals rotatable
about an axis in opposition to each other and relative to the body,
and a motor drive assembly. The feet of a user are placed on the
pedals, and the motor drive assembly is powered to move the pedals
even while the user is completely passive; i.e., without any active
participation by the user. Moreover, the sensation received by the
use, rather than being one of typical "exercise", is massage-like
and therapeutic, all while providing the same benefit of increased
blood circulation due to contraction and relaxation of the calf
muscle. The device may also be used in an active mode, pedaled by
the user. Moreover, the foot mobility device may be moved between
an open configuration adapted for use of the device and a collapsed
configuration having a low profile and adapted for storage and
portability.
Inventors: |
Ravikumar, Sundaram;
(Briarcliff Manor, NY) ; Isaksson, Will; (New
York, NY) ; Dowd, Paul; (Bronxville, NY) |
Correspondence
Address: |
David P. Gordon, Esq.
65 Woods End Road
Stamford
CT
06905
US
|
Family ID: |
26694434 |
Appl. No.: |
10/021219 |
Filed: |
October 29, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60313541 |
Aug 20, 2001 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/51 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61H 2201/14 20130101;
A61H 1/0266 20130101; A63B 23/0429 20130101; A61H 2201/1215
20130101; A63B 22/0056 20130101; A61H 2201/164 20130101; A61H
2201/0161 20130101; A61H 2201/1676 20130101; A61H 2209/00 20130101;
A63B 21/00178 20130101; A61H 2201/0169 20130101; A61H 2203/0431
20130101; A63B 21/00181 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/51 |
International
Class: |
A63B 022/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A foot mobility device, comprising: a) first and second pedals
each rotatable about respective axes; b) a housing; and c) a motor
assembly within said housing, said motor assembly mechanically
coupled to said pedals such that said motor assembly can rotate
said pedals about said axes, said pedals and said housing
relatively movable between an open configuration, in which said
pedals are adapted to receive feet of a user and said motor
assembly is adapted to move said pedals in a reciprocating motion
about said axes, and a collapsed configuration in which said pedals
and said housing together define a relatively compact size and
shape which facilitates portability.
2. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein: said
pedals are movable relative to said housing in a manner other than
rotation about said axis such that the pedals and housing can
assume the collapsed configuration.
3. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein: in said
collapsed configuration, said foot mobility device is relatively
flat.
4. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein: said
respective axes are coaxial.
5. A foot mobility device according to claim 4, wherein: said axes
extend through or adjacent a heel portion of said pedals.
6. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein; said motor
assembly is mechanically decouplable from said pedals permitting
the pedals to rotate under a force of the feet of the user.
7. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein: in said
collapsed configuration, said motor assembly is mechanically
decoupled from said pedals.
8. A foot mobility device according to claim 1, wherein: said
pedals and said housing are coupled to a floor of a passenger
compartment of a vehicle.
9. A foot mobility device according to claim 8, wherein: said
vehicle is one of a car, a truck, an airplane, and a train.
10. A foot mobility device, comprising: a) first and second pedals
each rotatable about an axis; b) a housing; and c) a motor assembly
within said housing, said motor assembly being mechanically
couplable to said pedals such that said motor assembly can rotate
said pedals about said axis, and said motor assembly being
mechanically decouplable from said pedals thereby permitting the
pedals to rotate under a force of the feet of the user.
11. A foot mobility device according to claim 10, wherein: said
pedals and said housing are relatively movable between an open
configuration, in which said pedals are adapted to receive feet of
a user and said motor assembly is adapted to move said pedals, and
a collapsed configuration in which said pedals and said housing
together define a relatively compact size and shape which
facilitates portability.
12. A foot mobility device according to claim 11, wherein: in said
collapsed configuration, said motor assembly is mechanically
decoupled from said pedals.
13. A foot mobility device according to claim 11, wherein: said
pedals are movable relative to said housing in a manner other than
rotation about said axes such that said pedals and said housing can
assume said collapsed configuration.
14. A foot mobility device according to claim 11, wherein: in said
collapsed configuration, said foot mobility device is relatively
flat.
15. A foot mobility device according to claim 10, wherein: said
respective axes are coaxial.
16. A foot mobility device according to claim 10, wherein: said
pedals and said housing are coupled to a floor of a passenger
compartment of a vehicle.
17. A foot mobility device according to claim 16, wherein: said
vehicle is one of a car, a truck, an airplane, and a train.
18. A foot mobility device, comprising: a) a base; b) a pair of
pedals rotatably coupled relative to said base; c) a housing
coupled to said base and movable between a folded position and an
upright position; and d) a motor assembly in said housing, said
motor assembly including a motor which is mechanically coupled to
said pedals to rotate said pedals.
19. A foot mobility device according to claim 18, wherein: said
motor is mechanically decouplable from said pedals.
20. A foot mobility device according to claim 18, wherein: said
motor assembly includes a pulley and a rope having two ends, said
rope extending about said pulley and having a pedal attached to
each of its end.
21. A foot mobility device according to claim 18, wherein: said
motor assembly includes two ropes partially extending about a
pulley, each rope having two ends, one end of each rope attached to
said pulley and the other end of each rope being attached to a
respective one of said pedals.
22. A foot mobility device according to claim 18, wherein: said
base is coupled to or integrated into a floor of a passenger
compartment of a vehicle.
23. A foot mobility device according to claim 22, wherein: said
vehicle is one of a car, a truck, an airplane, and a train.
24. A foot mobility device, comprising: a) a housing; b) first and
second pedals each coupled to said housing and rotatable about
respective axes, wherein said pedals and said housing are
relatively movable between an open configuration, in which said
pedals are adapted to receive feet of a user, and a collapsed
configuration in which said pedals and said housing together define
a relatively compact size and shape which facilitates
portability.
25. A foot mobility device according to claim 24, wherein: said
pedals are rotatable in a non-pedaling motion.
26. A foot mobility device according to claim 24, wherein: said
pedals have heel portions, and said axes extend through or adjacent
said heel portions.
27. A foot mobility device according to claim 24, wherein: when
feet of a user are positioned on said pedals, said axes extend
through or adjacent ankles of the feet of the user.
Description
[0001] The application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Ser.
No. 60/313,541, filed Aug. 20, 2001, which is hereby incorporated
by reference herein in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] This invention relates broadly to exercise devices. More
particularly, this invention relates to exercise devices which
promote circulation in the lower extremities by movement of the
foot about a pivot.
[0004] 2. State of the Art
[0005] Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) refers to the formation of a
thrombus (blood clot) within a deep vein, commonly in the thigh or
calf. The blood clot can travel to the lungs, resulting in
pulmonary embolism, a potentially life-threatening condition.
[0006] DVT occurs when the flow of blood is restricted in a vein,
and can be caused by poor circulation because of problems such as
heart disease, a recent heart attack or stroke, varicose veins, or
from inactivity or prolonged bed rest. Recently, a lot of attention
has been focused on DVT developed during long airplane flights and
deaths resulting therefrom. In fact, DVT has been dubbed `economy
class syndrome` because the less expensive seats in a plane have
less leg room, limited leg movement. However, DVT is not confined
to economy class or to long haul flights.
[0007] In view of current and impending lawsuits by passengers with
respect to DVT, airlines have become proactive in trying to prevent
the condition and are now directing passengers to get up and walk
around the airplane cabin at least once an hour to increase blood
circulation. However, flights are subject to meal service and
turbulence which limit the amount of time available for passengers
to exercise their legs. Moreover, flights are crowded and it is not
feasible for all the passengers to walk through the narrow aisles
in the cabin.
[0008] As a response, a number of devices are being promoted to
increase blood circulation while a passenger remains seated. For
example, the LYMPHA-PRESS.RTM. SKY WALKER.TM. device by Mego Afek
of Kibbutz Afek, Israel, is a portable, foldable exercise device
operated from a seated position. The device includes two foot
pedals which are not subject to any resistance other than minimal
friction forces. When the user wants to increase circulation, the
pedals can be easily moved by the feet of a user in a pedaling
motion. The simple pedal movement of the user's feet effects
contraction of the calf muscles which assists in moving venous
blood back to the heart, augmenting arterial blood inflow and
preventing thrombosis.
[0009] However, this and similar devices have a common drawback
when used for the purpose of preventing DVT on long airplane
flights; they require too much effort. Even the SKY WALKER.TM.
device, which offers substantially no resistance, requires the user
to concentrate on the movement of the feet. That is, if the user
concentrates on the in-flight movie or a magazine, it is easy to
forget to continue to pedal and DVT can result.
[0010] U.S. Pat. No. 6,217,488 to Bernardson discloses another
lower leg exerciser which includes a base, foot pedals which rock
along a pivot relative to the base, and a motor adapted to rock the
pedals back and forth. When feet are placed on the pedals, the feet
are rocked automatically and blood circulation in the legs is
increased. However, the Bernardson device has several drawbacks.
First, the rocking movement of the feet causes the knees to move up
and down. This motion is not suited to airplane travel, as the room
in front of a seat is limited, and once the user's feet are raised
and placed on the device, the rocking motion may cause the user's
knees to contact the back of the chair in front, may cause
interference with a tray table, or may be annoying if, e.g., trying
read a book held on the lap. A second drawback is that the
Bernardson device cannot be reconfigured to a smaller size for
increased portability. A third drawback is that should a power
supply be unavailable for powering the device, i.e., no suitable
power outlet or depleted batteries, the device does not provide
anti-DVT exercising of the legs.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a foot
mobility device which moves the feet in a manner which limits knee
movement.
[0012] It is another object of the invention to provide a foot
mobility device which requires no effort on the part of the
user.
[0013] It is an additional object of the invention to provide a
foot mobility device which is portable.
[0014] It is also an object of the invention to provide a foot
mobility device which has a low profile.
[0015] It is still another object of the invention to provide a
foot mobility device which has a collapsed configuration.
[0016] It is a further object of the invention to provide a foot
mobility device which can be used as either a passive (powered) or
active (non-powered) exercise device.
[0017] In accord with these objects, which will be discussed in
detail below, a foot mobility device is provided and includes a
body, two pedals rotatable about a common axis preferably in
opposition to each other and relative to the body, and a motor
drive assembly coupled to the pedals. The feet of a user are placed
on the pedals, and the motor drive assembly is powered to cause
movement of the pedals even while the user is completely passive;
i.e., without any active participation by the user. Moreover, the
sensation received by the use, rather than being one of typical
"exercise", is massage-like and therapeutic, all while providing
the same benefit of increased blood circulation due to contraction
and relaxation of the calf muscle. Moreover, the foot mobility
device may be moved between an open configuration adapted for use
of the device and a collapsed configuration having a low profile
and adapted for storage and portability.
[0018] According to one embodiment of the invention, the foot
mobility device includes a generally vertically oriented body, two
foot pedals hingedly coupled on either side of the body to rotate
substantially ninety degrees relative to the body between a closed
position in which each foot pedal is substantially parallel to the
body and an open position in which each foot pedal is substantially
perpendicular to the body. In the open position, the pedals are
adapted to cause feet placed thereon to rotate about the ankle
joint.
[0019] According to other embodiments of the invention, the foot
mobility device includes a preferably flat base, two pedals
rotatable about a heel pivot, and a motor mechanism which rotates
the pedals. The motor mechanism is movable from a first position in
which it lies against the base to an upright second position in
which it is adapted to move the pedals. The pedals can be
configured to lie flat against the base for storage and
portability. In addition, the pedals can preferably be disengaged
from the motor drive so that the device can be used as an active
exercise device and also to facilitate moving the pedals for
folding the device in a highly portable configuration.
[0020] It will be appreciated that with the foot mobility device of
the invention, a highly compact and therefore portable powered foot
mobility device is provided.
[0021] Additional objects and advantages of the invention will
become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the
detailed description taken in conjunction with the provided
figures.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a
portable foot mobility device with the pedals in an open
configuration;
[0023] FIG. 2 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 1, but in which
a left housing element has been removed such that the interior of
the housing can be seen;
[0024] FIG. 3 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 2, with the
additional removal of the left pedal, left rocker, and left gearbox
housing, and with front and rear legs in a closed position;
[0025] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the
portable foot mobility device with the legs in an open
position;
[0026] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the foot mobility device in
a closed configuration;
[0027] FIGS. 6(a)-6(f) are perspective views similar to FIG. 4
illustrating the range of motion of the right pedal;
[0028] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the
foot mobility device of the invention in an open configuration;
[0029] FIG. 8 is a side elevation view the second embodiment of the
foot mobility device of the invention in an open configuration;
[0030] FIG. 9 is a top view of the second embodiment of the foot
mobility device of the invention in a closed configuration;
[0031] FIG. 10 is a side elevation view of the second embodiment of
the foot mobility device of the invention in an open
configuration;
[0032] FIGS. 11-13 are schematic views of the gear and switch
assembly which operates reciprocable movement of the foot pedals in
the second embodiment of the foot mobility device of the
invention;
[0033] FIGS. 14 and 15 are schematic views of the engagement and
disengagement, respectively, of the gearbox from the drive gear,
and also of the power switch operation in the second embodiment of
the foot mobility device of the invention;
[0034] FIGS. 16(a)-16(d) are schematic views of a third embodiment
of a foot mobility device according to the invention, shown in
several positions as being moved from an open configuration to a
closed configuration;
[0035] FIGS. 17 and 18 are schematic view of a first mechanism for
automatically disengaging the drive train from the pedals in the
second and third embodiments of the invention;
[0036] FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a second mechanism for
automatically disengaging the drive train from the pedals in the
second and third embodiments of the invention;
[0037] FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the
invention, in a collapsed configuration;
[0038] FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of
the invention, in an open configuration;
[0039] FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of
the invention, illustrating the maximum rise of one pedal relative
to the other;
[0040] FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of
the invention with the left pedal removed to show the four-bar
linkage support of the motor housing in the open configuration;
[0041] FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment of
the invention, in an open configuration also showing the pedal at
full travel (maximum rise);
[0042] FIG. 25 is a perspective view of one side of the gear box of
fourth embodiment;
[0043] FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the other side of the gear
box of fourth embodiment;
[0044] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of the gear train, with the
device in the `OFF` position such that the idler gear of the gear
train is not engaged;
[0045] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the gear train, with the
device in the `ON` position such that the idler gear of the gear
train motor is engaged;
[0046] FIG. 29 is a perspective view of the gear train, four bar
linkage, and switching mechanism; and
[0047] FIG. 30 is a schematic view of a passenger compartment of a
vehicle having foot mobility device according to the invention
integrated into or coupled to the floor thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0048] Turning now to FIG. 1, a first embodiment of a foot mobility
device 10 is shown. The device generally includes an upstanding
housing 12 (preferably defined by left and right housing members
14, 16), and left and right pedals 18, 20 rotatable relative to the
housing. The left and right pedals 18, 20 function as foot rests
when in the open position shown in FIG. 1 (oriented perpendicular
to the housing), but are respectively rotatable by ninety degrees
about hinges 22 into an upright position substantially parallel to
the housing (FIG. 6), as discussed below. Front and rear legs 24,
26 respectively, described in more detail below, support the device
on a surface away from the floor to allow clearance for pedal
movement and provide stability for the housing 12.
[0049] Turning now to FIGS. 2 and 3, the pedals 18, 20 are coupled
to a gearbox 30 having a housing 31 defined by left and right
housing elements 32, 33. More particularly, the pedal hinges 22
couple the pedals 18, 20 to left and right rockers 34, 36 which
are, in turn, coupled to the gearbox 30 with left and right rocker
links 38, 40 using left and right rocker bushings 42, 44. Three
preferably identical roller bearings 46 are mounted to the housing
on roller bearing mounts 48. The weight of the user's feet and legs
tends to force the rockers 34, 36 toward each other, and the roller
bearings 44 maintain separation between the two rockers 34, 36. The
diameter of each of the roller bearings 46 is equal to the desired
distance between the left and right rockers.
[0050] Referring particularly to FIG. 3, the gearbox housing 31
encases a motor 50, powered by batteries 52 located inside the
housing 12. The motor 50 has an output shaft (not shown) which
rotates in a preferably counter-clockwise direction, as viewed from
the shaft end of the motor. The output shaft is provided with a
motor pulley 54 which drives a worm pulley 56 by means of a belt 58
for purposes of isolating motor vibration and reducing noise. The
worm pulley 56 is preferably a one-piece component with a pulley 60
at one end and a right-handed worm screw 62 coaxially located at
the other end. The worm pulley 56 is rotatably mounted on a steel
shaft (not shown) that is rigidly provided in gearbox housing 31.
The worm screw 62 engages a shaft-mounted compound worm gear 64.
The compound worm gear 64 has a spur gear 66 coaxially affixed to
the worm gear, and the spur gear 66 engages a compound gear 68. The
compound gear 68 engages an idle gear 70 which, in turn, engages a
cam gear 72. Unlike the rest of the gears, the cam gear 72
preferably does not pivot on a shaft, but rather includes an
annular projection 74 on each of its sides which is inserted into
corresponding holes 76 in the left cam gear bearing 78 and right
cam gear bearing (not shown).
[0051] The cam gear 72 also has an additional annular projection 80
on each of its sides. The projections 80 are smaller in diameter
than projection 74 and are parallel to, but not coaxial with, the
axis of rotation of cam gear 72. These projections, one on the left
side and one on the right, are 180.degree. out of phase with each
other. The projections 80 provide a pivot joint for the attachment
of the left and right rocker links 38, 40. The rotation of cam gear
72 causes the gearbox ends of the rocker links to travel in
circular paths. The other end of each of the rocker links is
attached to a respective rocker 34, 36. For example, right rocker
link 40 is rotatably mounted to the right rocker 36 by means of
rocker link bearing 44. The rocker link bearing 44 is screwed to
the right rocker 36 and has a flange 82 such that the right rocker
link 40 is trapped between the flange 82 and the face 84 of the
rocker 36.
[0052] The right rocker 36 is pivotably mounted on a rocker bearing
86 which is located and trapped between bosses 88 that project
inward from both the left and right housing members 14, 16.
[0053] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the front leg 24 is connected to
the gearbox 30 with a gearbox link 89. When the front leg 24 is in
the closed (folded) position (FIG. 3), the gearbox 30 is spaced
apart from the front wall 90 of the housing 12. When the front leg
24 is pulled into the open position (FIG. 4), the gearbox link 90
is pulled, which in turn moves the gearbox 30 away from the rockers
34, 36 and toward the front wall 90 of the housing 12 (compare
FIGS. 3 and 4). The movement of the gearbox 30 away from the
rockers 34, 36 pulls the rocker links 38, 40, which pulls the
rockers 34, 36. In the folded position of FIG. 3, the position of
the gearbox 30 locates the rocker links 38, 40 and rockers 34, 36
at the midpoint of the pedal movement cycle, where each pedal 18,
20 is halfway between up and down and parallel to each other such
that the pedals, when folded about hinges 22, are aligned with the
housing 12, as shown in FIG. 5. When the front leg 24 is unfolded
such that the gearbox 30 is moved toward the front wall 90 of the
housing as shown in FIG. 4, the position of the gearbox 30, rocker
links, and rockers orients the pedals at an angle relative to a
surface on which the foot mobility device rests (i.e., in the
middle position of the pedal movement cycle), and ready for use. It
is noted that the cam gear 72 is not at all moved by the folding
the front leg 24 between the open and closed positions.
[0054] Still referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the rear leg 26 telescopes
into and out of a rear portion 92 of the housing 12. A resilient
catch 94 automatically locks against the bottom 96 of the housing
when the rear leg 26 is moved into an extended position, but may
easily be released by finger pressure to collapse the rear leg back
into the housing.
[0055] Referring now to FIGS. 6(a)-(f) the full range of motion for
the right pedal 20 is shown, with an understanding that left pedal
18 (FIG. 1) undergoes a similar though opposite motion. FIG. 6(a)
depicts the lowest position for pedal 20, FIG. 6(c) depicts the
middle, or folding, position for the pedal, FIG. 6(b) depicts a
position between FIGS. 6(a) and 6(c), FIG. 6(e) depicts the maximum
height position for pedal 20, FIG. 6(d) depicts a position between
FIGS. 6(c) and 6(e), and FIG. 6(f) depicts the pedal 20 on its way
back toward the lowest position. The axis of rotation of the pedals
18, 20 is substantially about the location of the ankles of the
feet placed on the pedals. This is facilitated by placing the foot
pedals below the axis of rotation.
[0056] Referring back to FIG. 5, it is appreciated that the folding
of the pedals 18, 20 against the housing 12 provides a device 10
with a small profile which is highly suitable for storage and
travel. In the folded position, the entirety of the device has a
preferred length to thickness to height ratio of approximately 14
to approximately 3 to approximately 7. These relative dimensions
provide a device suitable for carry-on luggage or even a
briefcase.
[0057] Turning now to FIGS. 7 and 8, a second embodiment of a
portable foot mobility device 100 is shown. The foot mobility
device 100 generally includes a base 112, left and right foot
pedals 118, 120 rotatable up and down relative to the base on a
hinges 122 at heel portions of the pedals, and a motor housing 130
also movable relative to the base. The base 112 includes a battery
compartment 132 which is electrically coupled to a motor 140,
discussed below, in the motor housing 130. The motor housing 130 is
coupled to a pair of movable trusses 134, 136 and the motor housing
and trusses are movable between a closed configuration, in which
both are substantially flush with the base (FIGS. 9 and 10), and an
open configuration in which the trusses and a lower portion of the
motor housing 130 assume a stable triangular configuration (FIGS. 7
and 8).
[0058] Turning now to FIG. 11, the motor housing 130 includes a
drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a motor 140 and a
gearbox 180 (FIG. 14) provided with gears. The motor 140 has an
output shaft 142 provided with a spur gear 144. The spur gear 144
engages a first shaft-mounted compound gear 146 which engages a
second shaft-mounted compound gear 148 to step down the rotational
transmission of the motor 140. A spur gear portion 150 of the
second compound gear 148 engages a spur gear portion 152 of a drive
gear 154, which is located outside the gear box 180. The drive gear
154 also includes a pulley portion 156. Left and right pulleys 158,
160 are horizontally offset on either side of the pulley portion
156, and the pulley portion of the drive gear 154 moves a rope 162,
or other flexible transmission line such as a cable, across the
pulleys 158, 160. The left and right pedals 118, 120 are each
coupled to one end of the rope 162, as shown with respect to the
left pedal in FIG. 8.
[0059] The motor drive 130 is also provided with a switch 170
having a contact arm 172 movable between two positions, with each
position causing the motor 140 to rotate in an opposite rotational
direction. The drive gear 154 includes a peg portion 174 on its
face which extends sufficiently therefrom to interfere with the
contact arm 172 at predetermined rotational positions so that the
switch 170 may be activated.
[0060] The-motor drive 130 operates the pedals 118, 120 in an up
and down motion as follows. The contact arm 172 of the switch 170
is oriented in a position (e.g., to the left) causing
counterclockwise rotation of the motor 140. Rotation of the spur
gear 144 at the end of the motor shaft 142 results in rotation of
gears 146, 148, 150 and consequently clockwise rotation of the
drive gear 152, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 11. The peg
portion 174 on the drive gear 152 is thereby rotated to cause the
peg portion 174 to contact the contact arm 172 (FIG. 12), and then
to cause the contact arm to move into the second position which
causes clockwise rotation of the motor and counterclockwise
rotation of the drive gear 152 (FIG. 13). The drive gear 152 and
peg 174 are then rotated counterclockwise until the peg 174 again
contact and moves the contact arm 172 to reverse the direction of
the motor 140. Each time the drive gear 152 is rotated in an
opposite direction, the rope is likewise pulled in an opposite
direction, with the pedal at one end of the rope being raised, and
the pedal at the other end of the rope being lowered.
[0061] Turning now to FIG. 14, according to a preferred aspect of
the invention, the gears in the gearbox 180 may be disengaged from
the drive gear 152 to facilitate closing (collapsing) the foot
mobility device such that both pedals are substantially flush with
the base 112. That is, when the gearbox is disengaged, the rope
attached to the pedals may be moved without having to rotate all
the gears in the gearbox against the resistance of the motor.
According to a currently preferred disengagement (and engagement)
mechanism, the gearbox 180 is provided with a cam 182 on its
surface. The gearbox 180 is vertically movable within a slot
defined by walls 184, 186. A horizontally movable lever 188 is
provided with a cam slot 190 in which the cam 182 rides. The lever
188 preferably includes left and right button portions 192, 194.
When the lever 188 is positioned to the left, as shown in FIG. 14,
the cam 182 is forced into a portion of the slot 190 which causes
the gearbox 180 to be in a vertical position which results in
engagement of a gear in the gearbox with the drive gear 152. When
the lever is moved to the right, as shown in FIG. 15, the cam 182
is forced vertically downward in the cam slot 190, and the gear box
180 is disengaged from the drive gear 152. With the gearbox
disengaged, the foot mobility device may be used as an active
exercise device in which the user moves the pedals. This is
particularly useful when the batteries are depleted, or when
completely silent operation is desired.
[0062] Moreover, the same mechanism can be, though not necessarily
is, used to complete and disrupt a power switch to activate and
deactivate (i.e., turn ON and OFF) the device 100. Referring back
to FIG. 14, contacts 196, 198 are required to be in electrical
contact for the motor to receive power from the battery source.
Contact 198 is resiliently biased away from contact 196. When the
gearbox 180 is in the engaged position, gearbox forces contact 198
against contact 196, providing power from the battery source to the
motor. However, when the gearbox is disengaged (FIG. 15), contact
198 moves away from contact 196 and power is removed.
[0063] According to another preferred aspect of the invention, the
lever is preferably actuatable by foot, with the left and right
button portions 192, 194 extending outside the housing 12, as shown
in FIGS. 7 through 9. As such, once the device is in the open
position, it may be easily turned ON by using a user's foot to move
the lever 188 into the ON position and likewise turned OFF in the
same manner; i.e., by moving the lever in the opposite direction
with one's foot. The foot activation is very advantageous,
especially when seated in a cramped airplane seat, where there is
little room to bend to the floor and operate a device.
[0064] Turning now to FIGS. 16(a)-16(d), a third embodiment of the
foot mobility device 200, substantially similar to the second
embodiment, is shown. The foot mobility device 200 includes two
pedals (only left pedal 218 shown in the figures) hinged to a base
212, a motor drive (not shown) in a central foldable motor drive
housing 230, and a rope (or cable) 262 connecting the unhinged end
of the pedals to the motor drive mechanism. When in the opened
position of FIG. 16(a) and powered, the motor drive causes the
pedals to move up and down about their hinges 222. When one pedal
is down the other is up. The motor drive housing 230 is coupled to
the base 212 by a four bar linkage (with the two left bars 234, 235
being shown, and similar right bars not shown) allowing the housing
230 to fold into intermediary positions shown in FIGS. 16(b) and
16(c), and finally into the flat position of FIG. 16(d).
Simultaneously with the folding, the tension on the rope 262 is
released, such that the foot pedals 218, 220 are allowed to fold
flat as well. To further allow for easy folding, the device 200
when folded automatically switches to OFF mode and disengages the
motor from the gear train allowing the rope 262 to move freely so
that if one pedal is all the way up the rope can easily adjust as
the device is folded.
[0065] Referring to FIG. 17, one mechanism for automatically
disengaging the drive train from the pedals is shown. A cog 260 is
slidably coupled to the gearbox 280, and is biased by a first
spring 262 toward the lever 288. A cable 261 is coupled at one of
its ends to the cog 260, and at the other of its ends it is coupled
to elsewhere on the device, as discussed below. The lever 288
includes a catch 264, and the cog 260 includes a beveled end 266
engageable within the catch 264 when the lever 288 is positioned
such that the device 200 is in an ON position. A second spring 268
is coupled to the lever 288 and tensioned to pull the lever 288
with sufficient force move the cam 282 relative to the cam slot 290
such that the gearbox 280 is moved into a disengaged position. When
the drive mechanism housing 230 is upright, the cable 261 is slack
allowing the cog 260 to move under the tension of the first spring
262 so that the beveled end 266 of the cog 260 enters the catch 264
and holds the lever 288 in the engaged position, locking the lever
in place against the tension of the second spring 268. Referring to
FIG. 18, as soon as the housing (130 in the second embodiment, and
230 in the third embodiment) starts to move from the vertical
position, either in its four bar linkage configuration (FIGS.
16(a)-16(d)) or in its sliding configuration (FIGS. 7 and 8), the
cable 261 is caused to go taught, pulling the cog 260 from the
catch 264, and allowing the lever 288 to spring, under the force of
the second spring 268, into the OFF position, removing power and
disengaging the motor drive. For example, in the four bar linkage
configuration of FIGS. 16(a)-(d), either the pivoting action of the
lower or upper bars 234, 235 can cause the cable 261 to go taught.
In the sliding version of FIGS. 7 and 8, either the pivoting of
bars 134, 136 or a rocker on the base 112 can be used to cause the
link 261 to go taught when the housing 230 starts to move out of
its upright position.
[0066] Referring back to FIG. 17, it is appreciated that even when
the cog 260 is engaged in the catch 264 and the cable 261 is slack,
the lever 288 may be manually moved to disengage the drive
mechanism such that the device 200 may be used as an active
exerciser. Manual application of force to the lever 288 overcomes
the frictional engagement of the beveled end 266 of the cog 262 in
the catch, and the second spring 268 holds the lever 288 in the
disengaged position (FIG. 18).
[0067] Referring to FIG. 19, a second mechanism for automatically
disengaging the drive train from the pedals is shown. A preferably
L-shaped lever bar 360 having first and second arms 362, 364 is
rotatably coupled to the lever 388. The cable 361 is coupled to the
first arm 362. When the cable 361 is pulled (i.e., when the housing
230 is folded), the lever bar 360 is rotated until the second arm
364 contacts the wall 184. Further rotational movement of the lever
bar 360 causes the lever 388 to move to the right, thereby moving
the cam 382 relative to the cam slot 390, and thereby disengaging
the motor drive from the pedals.
[0068] Turning now to FIGS. 20 through 22, a fourth embodiment of a
foot mobility device 400 is shown. In FIG. 20 the device is shown
in a collapsed or folded configuration, with the pedals 418, 420
substantially flushly seated on a base 412 (FIG. 21), and a motor
housing 430 also in a flush folded position. By pressing a latch
release 450, the housing 430 is released from an engagement further
discussed below, and the device may be moved into the open
configuration of FIG. 21. FIG. 22 shows the maximum travel or rise
of a pedal 420 relative to the base 412. The pedals rotate about
axes through their heel portion 419, 421.
[0069] Referring to FIGS. 22 and 23, a compartment 452 is provided
on the base 412 under the right pedal 420 to house the electronics
which control the hereinafter described motor assembly 454 (FIGS.
25 and 26), and a battery compartment 456 is provided under the
left pedal 418. FIG. 23 also better illustrates the above mentioned
latch release 450 and spring-biased latches 458 which are adapted
to hold and then release catches 460 on the end of the motor
housing 430. Referring to FIG. 24, the pedals 418, 420 each also
include a catch 462 which is caught under the motor housing 430
when the motor housing is in the closed position to hold the pedals
in a closed position.
[0070] Referring back to FIG. 23, the housing is coupled to the
base with a four-bar linkage 464. When in the fully upright
position of FIG. 23, the housing 430 rests on the base 412.
[0071] Referring again to FIG. 24, the pedals 418, 420 have a rear
depressed area 470, 472 which functions as a heel rest. In
addition, the pedal is wider at the heel end. The user's feet can
be placed laterally on the heel ends to position the feet in a
relatively parallel orientation, or the feet can be placed medially
on the heel ends to splay the feet. The foot position can be
selected according to user comfort.
[0072] Referring to FIGS. 24 and 25, the pedals 418, 420 are
preferably coupled to the motor assembly 454 with ropes 474, 476.
The motor assembly 454 includes a gear train 480 coupled to a
preferably vibrationally-isolated motor 482. The gear train 480
includes a main pulley gear 484 and left and right idler pulleys
486, 488. One rope 474 extends from the left pedal 418 clockwise
about the left idler pulley 486 and then clockwise about the main
pulley gear 484 to which it is then attached. The other rope 476
extends from the right pedal 420 counterclockwise about a right
idler pulley 488 and then counterclockwise about the main pulley
gear 484 to which it is also then attached. Reciprocal rotation of
the main pulley gear 484 by the gear train 480 causes the pedals
418, 420 to move in an up and down motion about axes through the
heel portions 419, 421 of the pedals.
[0073] Referring to FIGS. 26 and 27, a switch 490 is coupled to a
linkage 492 which is coupled to an idler gear 494. The idler gear
494 is coupled to the motor 482 and can be brought into and out of
engagement with a portion of the gear train mechanically coupled to
the main pulley gear 484. The linkage 492 is subject to the force
of a spring 496 (FIG. 26) which stably holds the idler gear 494 in
its current position until sufficient manual force is provided to
the switch 490 to move the linkage 492 and thereby alter the
position of the idler gear 494. The switch 490 also operates to
provide and remove power from the batteries (in the battery
compartment 456) to the motor 482; i.e., to power `ON` and `OFF`
the device.
[0074] In FIG. 27, the switch 490 and linkage 492 are positioned to
provide the device in the `OFF` mode and to locate the idler gear
494 out of engagement with a gear 498 directly engaging the main
pulley gear 484. In this configuration, the device may be used in
an active mode; i.e., with the user providing the power to rotate
the pedals. In FIG. 28, the switch 490 and linkage 492 are
positioned to provide the device in the `ON` mode, and locate the
idler gear 494 in engagement with gear 498; i.e., such that the
motor assembly moves the pedals in a reciprocating motion. In
addition, a clutch 500 is provided to prevent damaging force from
being applied to a portion of the gear train and the motor, e.g.,
if a user were to apply foot pressure counter to the movement of
the pedals by the motor assembly 454.
[0075] Turning to FIG. 29, a small L-shaped lever 502 is provided
adjacent one of the supports 504 of the four bar linkage 464. If
the device 400 is folded while the motor is engaged, upon folding,
the L-shaped lever 502 contacts a rocker 506 which operates to move
the switch 490 to an OFF position, thereby disengaging the pedals
from the motor.
[0076] Referring to FIG. 30, a passenger compartment 510 of a
vehicle, e.g., a car, a truck, a plane, or a train, is shown. A
foot mobility device 400 according to the invention is coupled to
or integrated into the floor 512 of the compartment 510. As the
embodiments of the devices can each be folded to assume a
relatively low profile, when not in use the devices do not
substantially encroach upon the leg room in the compartment.
[0077] From the above, it is appreciated that several embodiments
of the device can be used in either a passive (powered) mode or in
an active (non-powered) mode. In the active mode the user simply
pushes one foot down causing the device to raise the other foot,
and thereby exercise the lower extremities.
[0078] In the above described foot mobility devices, the pedals
operate to reciprocably move the feet about either the heel or
ankle, but do not cause the exaggerated leg movement which results
from rocking the feet, moving the feet about the ball of the foot,
or pedaling the feet in a bicycle pedal motion. As such, the foot
mobility device is particularly suitable for use in areas which
provide little leg room and/or where it is desired to maintain the
knees relatively still during use of the foot mobility device.
[0079] There have been described and illustrated herein embodiments
of a powered foot mobility device. While particular embodiments of
the invention have been described, it is not intended that the
invention be limited thereto, as it is intended that the invention
be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the
specification be read likewise. Thus, while particular gear
assemblies have been disclosed, it will be appreciated that other
gear assemblies using fewer or more gears, and/or different types
of gears can be used as well. In addition, while preferred housing
designs have been illustrated, it will be understood that other
housing designs can be used. Also, while the device is preferably
battery powered, for portability, it is recognized that the device
may be powered by an AC power source instead of a DC battery
source, or by an AC power source which either bypasses the battery
power source or can be used to recharge a rechargeable battery
source. Furthermore, while in the second embodiment a rope or other
resilient element is used to move the pedals, it will be
appreciated that other systems may be used to support and move the
pedals. For example, gear-rotatable supports may be provided under
the pedals. Also, while exemplar mechanisms for automatically
disengaging the drive train for the pedals are described, it will
be appreciated that other suitable mechanisms can be used. It will
therefore be appreciated by those skilled in the art that yet other
modifications could be made to the provided invention without
deviating from its spirit and scope.
* * * * *