U.S. patent application number 09/979186 was filed with the patent office on 2003-02-20 for polyester fiber for false twisting.
Invention is credited to Makino, Shoji, Uchida, Masao.
Application Number | 20030035949 09/979186 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 18616055 |
Filed Date | 2003-02-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030035949 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Uchida, Masao ; et
al. |
February 20, 2003 |
Polyester fiber for false twisting
Abstract
The polytrimethylene terephthalate-based polyester yarn, which
has excellent smoothness, heat resistance, collectability and
anti-electricity, scarcely generates fluffs and broken yarn, and
can stably be subjected to false-twisting, is a polyester yarn
whose 80% or more by weight is formed from polytrimethylene
terephthalate, which has a birefringence of 0.03 to 0.08, an
elongation of 30 to 180%, an elastic recovery of 30 to 100% at 10%
elongation, and to whose surface a treating agent, containing an
ether-ester compound (the component a) represented by the following
formula in an amount of 50 to 80% by weight and a polyether
compound (the component b) having a molecular weight of 10,000 or
more in an amount of 2 to 20% by weight, is stuck in an amount of
0.2 to 1.0% by weight.
R.sub.1OCO--(A).sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.Z--(A).sub.Y--COOR.sub.2
[wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group having 7 to
21 carbon atoms, A is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon
atoms, X and Y are each an integer of not less than 0, provided
that (X+Y) is an integer of 1 to 20, and Z is an integer of 3 to
12].
Inventors: |
Uchida, Masao; (Ehime,
JP) ; Makino, Shoji; (Ehime, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Sughrue Mion Zinn
Macpeak & Seas
Suite 800
2100 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington
DC
20037-3213
US
|
Family ID: |
18616055 |
Appl. No.: |
09/979186 |
Filed: |
November 20, 2001 |
PCT Filed: |
March 19, 2001 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP01/02163 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/361 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D02G 1/02 20130101; D06M
13/165 20130101; D01F 6/62 20130101; D06M 7/00 20130101; D06M
2200/40 20130101; D06M 13/17 20130101; D06M 15/53 20130101; D06M
2101/32 20130101; Y10T 428/2907 20150115; D06M 13/224 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
428/361 |
International
Class: |
D02G 003/36 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 4, 2000 |
JP |
2000-102119 |
Claims
1. A polyester yarn for false-twisting characterized in that 80% or
more by weight of the polymer component constituting the yarn
comprises trimethylene terephthalate units, in that said yarn has a
birefringence of 0.03 to 0.08, an elongation of 30 to 180%, and an
elastic recovery of 30 to 100% at 10% elongation, and in that a
treating agent containing the following components a and b is stuck
to the surface of said yarn in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0% by weight
based on the weight of the yarn. The components of the treating
agent and contents thereof; a. An ether-ester compound represented
by the following general formula: a content of 50 to 80% by
weight;R.sub.1OCO--(A).sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.Z--(A).sub.Y--COOR.su-
b.2[wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group having 7
to 21 carbon atoms, A is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon
atoms, X and Y are each an integer of not less than 0, provided
that (X+Y) is an integer of 1 to 20, and Z is an integer of 3 to
12] and b. A polyether compound having a molecular weight of 10,000
or more: a content of 2 to 20% by weight.
2. The polyester yarn for false-twisting according to claim 1,
wherein the molecular weight of the polyether compound is 20,000 to
50,000.
3. The polyester yarn for false-twisting according to claim 1 or 2,
wherein the polyether compound is a copolyether in which the
copolymerization weight ratio (PO/EO) of propylene oxide
(PO)/ethylene oxide (EO) is 20/80 to 50/50.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a polytrimethylene
terephthalate-based polyester yarn having an excellent
false-twisting property. In more detail, the present invention
relates to a polytrimethylene terephthalate-based polyester yarn
which has excellent smoothness, heat resistance, collectability and
anti-electricity, scarcely generates fluffs and yarn breakage, and
can stably be subjected to false-twisting.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Since the polyester yarns comprising polytrimethylene
terephthalate have low elastic modulus, a knitted or woven fabric
obtained from the yarns not only exhibits a soft hand-touch but
also has the same elastic recovery and dyeability as those of
polyamide yarns, and further maintains the characteristics of
polyester yarns comprising polyethylene terephthalate, such as
dimensional stability, light resistance and low hygroscopicity. The
development of the polyester yarns comprising the polytrimethylene
terephthalate in wide fields is thereby expected.
[0003] Most of yarns usually used for the uses of clothes have the
forms subjected to some bulking treatments and, among them, bulky
yarns subjected to false-twisting are generally used. This
false-twisting method has been improved from a conventional spindle
method to a frictional false-twisting method (hereinafter often
referred to a friction method), and the processing speed has
rapidly been enhanced. Furthermore, in the friction method, the
false-twisting at extremely high speeds of 800 m/minute to 1,200
m/minute is recently generally carried out due to the advance of
various machines.
[0004] On the other hand, while generally a partially oriented yarn
(hereinafter often referred to as POY), as a raw yarn for applying
the frictional false-twisting, produced at a spinning speed of
3,000 m/minute or more is applied with a drawing treatment and
simultaneously a frictional false-twisting (hereinafter this method
is often referred to as DTY) from the viewpoint of the improvement
in productivity, some false-twisting methods, such as a method
(hereinafter often preferred to as PTY) for applying a frictional
false-twisting to a drawn yarn obtained by continuously performing
a spinning and a drawing treatment at a high speed (hereinafter
often referred to as direct drawing) or a method for applying a
frictional false-twisting to an oriented yarn (hereinafter often
preferred to as USY) produced at a spinning speed of 5,000 m/minute
or more, have been proposed.
[0005] However, these methods all aim to lower the production costs
for the yarns by the improvement of productivity, and when the
production of the yarns and their false-twisting are carried out
under those conditions, the yarns are very often exposed to more
and more severe conditions due to, for example, the increase in the
contact pressures of the yarns with various contact members
(guides, rollers, heaters and the like) and the rise of thermal
treatment temperature accompanied with the increase of processing
speeds. The frictions of the yarns with the various contact members
are remarkably increased, for example, according to the increase of
the processing speeds with the result that the generation of white
powder, fluffs, broken yarns, and so on due to the damages of the
yarns is consequently increased and the processability of the yarns
is lowered. In addition, as a phenomenon remarkably appearing due
to the high speed processing, a large centrifugal force acts on the
yarn, because the false-twisting speed is also naturally increased
in response to the high speed processing. Hence, a general
conventional treating agent is often squeezed and shaken off from
the surface of the yarn and flies largely on a heater.
Consequently, the heater is considerably stained, and in an extreme
case, an inconvenient phenomenon in which the treating agent flows
down along the groove of the heater, namely `tar flows`, is caused.
When the tar is produced on the heater, the passing property of the
yarn is extremely lowered, thereby the fluffs or abnormal crimps on
the obtained processed yarn tend to generate and the yarn results
in the breakage in an extreme case. Accordingly, the heater must
frequently be cleaned to dissolve the inconvenience, but the
frequent cleaning treatments of the heater adversely lowers the
productivity of the yarn, thus finally resulting in the increase of
the production cost. When the polyester yarn comprising the
polyrtimethylene terephthalate is subjected to the false-twisting,
an additional large problem is that the passing property of the
yarn is further deteriorated to make the high speed processing of
the yarn difficult, because the yarn is easily deformed even under
a low tension to increase the contact areas of the yarn with
various contact members, thereby increasing the static frictions
between the yarn and the yarn and the dynamic frictions between the
yarn and the various contact members in comparison with those of a
polyester yarn comprising polyethylene terephthalate.
[0006] According to our researches, it was turned out that the
characteristic problem of the polytrimethylene terephthalate yarn,
namely the passing property of the yarn, could not be improved,
even when a treating agent containing as a main component
polyethers, having generally been used for polyethylene
terephthalate yarns, was used, because the static frictions between
the yarn and the yarn and the dynamic frictions between the yarn
and the various contact members were still high. In order to solve
the problem, a method for using a polyether having a molecular
weight of 10,000 to 20,000 in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, as
one of polyethers in a treating agent containing said polyethers as
the main components, thereby lowering the static frictions between
the yarn and the yarn to control the breakage of the yarn, is
proposed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai)
11-229276 (1999). When the high molecular weight polyether having
the molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000 is together used, it may
surely be expected that the static frictions between the yarn and
the yarn is reduced to control the yarn breakage caused by the
friction of the yarns, but the level is still insufficient.
Additionally, since the treating agent containing the polyethers as
the main components gives high dynamic frictions between the yarn
and the various contact members and together contains the high
molecular weight polyether having a high viscosity, the dynamic
frictions between the yarn and the various contact members are
further increased. It is therefore difficult to control the
generation of fluffs and broken yarns, and it is impossible to
improve the passing property of the yarn when the yarn is subjected
to frictional false-twisting.
[0007] It may be considered that the addition of a mineral oil or
an ester to the treating agent containing the polyethers as the
main components is effective as a means for reducing the dynamic
frictions between the yarn and the various contact members, but the
treating agent is liable to increase the generation of heater-tars
and flied oil drops because of forming a large amount of heated
residues. Therefore, a practically satisfactory treating agent has
really not been proposed yet.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a
polytrimethylene terephthalate-based polyester yarn which has
excellent smoothness, heat resistance, collectability and
anti-electricity, scarcely generates fluffs and broken yarn, and
can stably be subjected to false-twisting.
[0009] The present inventors have found that it has been effective
for achieving the object to use the combination of the specific
ether-ester compound with the polyether compound as the treating
agent, which has led to the completion of the present
invention.
[0010] Namely, the polyester yarn of the present invention, capable
of achieving the object and used for false-twisting, characterized
in that 80% or more by weight of the polymer component constituting
the yarn comprises trimethylene terephthalate units, in that said
yarn has a birefringence of 0.03 to 0.08, an elongation of 30 to
180%, and an elastic recovery of 30 to 100% at 10% elongation, and
in that a treating agent containing the following components a and
b is stuck to the surface of said yarn in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0%
by weight based on the weight of the yarn.
[0011] The components of the treating agent and contents
thereof;
[0012] a. An ether-ester compound represented by the following
general formula: a content of 50 to 80% by weight;
R.sub.1OCO--(A).sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.Z--(A).sub.Y--COOR.sub.2
[0013] [wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group having
7 to 21 carbon atoms, A is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4
carbon atoms, X and Y are each an integer of not less than 0,
provided that (X+Y) is an integer of 1 to 20, and Z is an integer
of 3 to 12].
[0014] b. A polyether compound having a molecular weight of 10,000
or more a content of 2 to 20% by weight.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0015] As to the polyester yarn of the present invention, 80% or
more by weight of the polyester is comprised of the
polytrimethylene terephthalate, but the polyester may be
copolymerized with the third component within a range (usually 20%
or less by weight) not damaging the object of the present
invention. The third component, as copolymerization components,
includes acid components such as adipic acid, sebacic acid,
isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalene
dicarboxylic acid and cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and diol
components such as ethyleneglycol, tetramethyleneglycol,
cyclohexanedimethanol and polyethyleneglycol. The polyester may be
blended with other polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate,
polytetramethylene terephthalate, polycyclohexanedimethylene
terephthalate and polyethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate. If
necessary, a delustering agent, a thermal stabilizer, an
ultraviolet light absorbent, an antistatic agent, a terminator, a
fluorescent brightening agent, and so on, may further be added.
[0016] The intrinsic viscosity (measured in ortho-chlorophenol as a
solvent at a temperature of 35.degree. C.) of the polytrimethylene
terephthalate-based polyester is suitably in the range of 0.4 to
2.0, preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.5, further preferably in
the range of 0.6 to 1.2, from the viewpoint of stability on
spinning and from the viewpoint of the dynamic characteristics
(strength, elongation, and so on) of the obtained yarn.
[0017] The polyester yarn of the present invention is a yarn
comprising the above-mentioned polytrimethylene terephthalate-based
polyester, and it is important to satisfy the following
characteristics and to be stuck with the later-described specific
treating agent to the surface of the yarn so that the polyester
yarn has excellent smoothness, heat resistance, collectability and
anti-electricity and also has capability of being stably
false-twisted substantially without generating fluffs and a broken
yarn,.
[0018] Namely, as the first one of the characteristics of the
polyester yarn, it is necessary that the birefringence of the yarn
is in the range of 0.03 to 0.08. The yarn having the birefringence
in this range is usually called a partially oriented yarn (often
referred to as POY). The birefringence of less than 0.03 is
undesirable, because the quality irregularity of the yarn is liable
to be caused by the generation of the change in the physical
properties of the raw yarn with the passage of time before
subjected to false-twisting, the partial fusion of the yarn on the
false-twisting process and so on. On the other hand, the
birefringence of more than 0.08 is also undesirable, because the
yarn, has the physical properties close to those of a drawn yarn,
is liable to be fluffed or broken, when false-twisted at a high
speed, and can thereby not be false-twisted stably. As the second
characteristic, it is necessary that the elongation is in the range
of 30 to 180%, preferably in the range of 60 to 150%. The
elongation except the above range is not desirable, because the
yarn tends to be broken or fluffed on the false-twisting and can
stably not be processed. As the third characteristic, it is needed
that the elastic recovery at 10% elongation is 30 to 100%,
preferably 50 to 80%. Said elastic recovery excluding the above
range is not desirable, because the yarn does not give a knitted or
woven fabric having a soft hand-touch, after processed.
[0019] Further, it is necessary that a treating agent containing an
ether-ester compound (component a) represented by the following
general formula and a polyether compound (component b) having a
molecular weight of 10,000 or more, preferably 20,000 to 100,000,
further preferably 20,000 to 50,000, is stuck to the surface of the
polyester yarn having the above-mentioned physical properties.
[0020] The component a:
R.sub.1OCO--(A).sub.X--(CH.sub.2).sub.Z--(A).sub.Y--COOR.sub.2
[0021] wherein, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an alkyl group having
7 to 21 carbon atoms, A is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4
carbon atoms, X and Y are each an integer of not less than 0,
provided that (X+Y) is an integer of 1 to 20, and Z is an integer
of 3 to 12.
[0022] The ether-ester compound represented by the above-mentioned
formula is a component for controlling the generation of
heater-tars on the false-twisting and adjusting the dynamic
frictions between the yarn and various contact members to improve
handling properties such as a threading property. The component is
synthesized by addition-reacting 1 to 20 moles of an alkyleneoxide
having 2 to 4 carbon atoms to a known linear saturated glycol
having 3 to 12 carbon atoms in a random or block state and then
esterifying the reaction product with an aliphatic carboxylic acid.
Said linear saturated glycol having the 3 to 12 carbon atoms
concretely includes 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol,
1,6-hexanediol, 1,7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol,
and 1,12-dodecanediol. 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol or
1,6-hexanediol is preferable. As the alkyleneoxide having 2 to 4
carbon atoms, ethyleneoxide, propyleneoxide and butyleneoxide may
be exemplified, and they may singly or together be used. The
addition mole number (X+Y) of the alkyleneoxide is necessary to be
20 or less, especially preferably 10 or less, because the viscosity
of the ether-ester compound is increased to lower the smoothness,
when the (X+Y) is too large. Furthermore, the aliphatic carboxylic
acid used for the esterification is necessary to be an aliphatic
carboxylic acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms (the carbon atom number
of the alkyl group in the formula is 7 to 21), and concretely
includes linear saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids such as
caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid,
lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid,
palmitic acid and stearic acid, and normal unsaturated aliphatic
carboxylic acids such as obtusilic acid, zoomaric acid and oleic
acid. Aliphatic carboxylic acids having the carbon atom numbers of
less than 8 are not desirable, because they have insufficient heat
resistance and are liable to fume on a heater on false-twisting. On
the other hand, aliphatic carboxylic acids having carbon atom
numbers exceeding 22 are also not desirable, because the smoothness
becomes insufficient.
[0023] It is necessary that the content of the ether-ester compound
(component a) in the treating agent is in the range of 50 to 80% by
weight, preferably 60 to 80% by weight. When the content is less
than 50% by weight, the object of the present invention can not be
achieved, because the smoothness becomes insufficient. On the other
hand, the content exceeding 80% by weight is also not desirable,
because the amount of an emulsifier capable of being used for
emulsifying said ether-ester compound is decreased to lower the
stability of said treating agent.
[0024] The polyether compound (component b) having a molecular
weight of 10,000 or more, which is together used with the
above-mentioned ether-ester compound (component a), is a component
for adjusting the static frictions between the yarn and the yarn to
improve the fluff resistance of the yarns even with a relative
small amount. The component b having a molecular weight of 10,000
to 20,000 can be produced by a method of anionically polymerizing a
conventional alkylene oxide, but the component b having a molecular
weight exceeding 20,000 is generally produced by a coordinated
anionic polymerization method. Since the polyether compound
produced by this method has a larger molecular weight than those of
polyether compounds produced by the conventional general anionic
polymerization method, an effect for improving the fluff resistance
is extremely large. Further, while the polyether compound produced
by the anionic polymerization method has a wide molecular weight
distribution, the polyether compound produced by the coordinated
anionic polymerization method has a narrow molecular weight
distribution and therefore it is remarkably effective for improving
the fluff resistance because of being easier to adjust the static
frictions between the yarn and the yarn.
[0025] The polyether compound produced by the coordinated anionic
polymerization method is usually ethylene oxide-propylene oxide
copolymer, and the molecular weight of the copolymer is preferably
in the range of 20,000 to 100,000 because of being easily produced,
but the molecular weight of about 20,000 to about 50,000 is more
preferable from the viewpoint of handling property. The
copolymerization weight ratio (PO/EO) of the propylene oxide (PO)
to the ethylene oxide (EO) is suitably in the range of 20/80 to
50/50. Of course, one terminal or both terminals of the copolymer
may be blocked with alkyl groups, acyl groups, or the like through
ether bonds, ester bonds, or the like.
[0026] The content of the polyether compound (component b) having a
molecular weight of 10,000 or more in the treating agent is
necessary to be 2% or more by weight for preventing the generation
of fluffs on false-twisting, but it is necessary that the content
is 20% or less by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight, because
the too large content of the polyether compound deteriorates the
smoothness due to the increase in the viscosity of the treating
agent, lowers the stability of the process on the production of the
yarn, and further reduces the static frictions between the yarn and
the yarn to cause a problem on a winding property.
[0027] The above-explained treating agent used in the present
invention may be mixed with a conventional nonionic surfactant, a
conventional anionic surfactant, a conventional silicone compound,
a conventional fluoro-compound, a conventional antioxidant, and so
on, within ranges not interrupting the object of the present
invention, in addition to the above-mentioned components. For
example, as the nonionic surfactant, polyalkylene glycol alkyl
ethers, polyalkylene glycol aryl ethers, partially esterified
polyhydric alcohol-alkylene oxide adducts, and the like are
exemplified and they are used for improving the emulsifiability of
the ether-ester compound and the wettability of the yarn. Among
them, especially, the polyalkylene glycol alkyl ethers can be
preferably used. Also, the anionic surfactant is used for improving
the anti-electricity, and alkylsulfonate salts, alkylphosphate
salts, polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether sulfonate salts,
alkylcarboxylate salts, alkylsulfate salts, and the like are
concretely exemplified.
[0028] The method for sticking the treating agent to the surface of
the polyester yarn is especially not limited, but is usually a
method for vesting the treating agent to a melt-spun undrawn yarn
and, if necessary, then subjecting the treated undrawn yarn to a
drawing treatment. The method for vesting the treating agent to the
undrawn yarn is also arbitrary, but the treating agent is usually
vested in the form of an aqueous emulsion having a concentration of
3 to 20% by weight by a conventional known method such as an oiling
roller method or a nozzle method.
[0029] It is necessary that the amount (as the active ingredient of
the treating agent) of the treating agent to be vested to the
polyester yarn is in the range of 0.2 to 1.0% by weight, preferably
in the range of 0.3 to 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of the
yarn. Said vesting amount exceeding 1.0% by weight is not
desirable, because tars are adhered to a heater plate on the
frictional false-twisting of the obtained yarn, thereby making it
impossible to stably false-twist the yarn, although a problem is
especially not caused on the windability of the yarn on the
spinning. On the other hand, the vesting amount of less than 0.2%
by weight is also not desirable, because the collectability and
lubricity of the yarn become insufficient and therefore the
windability of the yarn on the spinning is deteriorated and the
processability of the yarn on the frictional false-twisting become
insufficient.
[0030] The above-explained polyester yarn of the present invention
can be false-twisted by any one of conventional known methods, but
urethane or ceramic disks or belts are generally used as a tool for
the frictional false-twisting. Any one of a contact one step
method, a contact-noncontact two step method, and a noncontact two
step method can be adopted for the heater of a false-twisting
machine in response to a crimp state and a processing speed to be
demanded. In addition, the temperature of the heater is suitable at
170 to 200.degree. C. in the case of a contact heater, and at 170
to 500 .degree. C. in the case of a non-contact heater. The
processing speed is suitably selected within the range of 300 to
1,200 m/minute in response to the model of the processing
machine.
[0031] The processed yarn obtained by applying the false-twisting
is usually woven or knitted into the woven or knitted fabric. At
that time, the yarn may, if necessary, additionally oiled with 0.3
to 3% by weight of a treating agent consisting mainly of a mineral
oil or ester compound having a low viscosity to further impart
smoothness to the yarn.
EXAMPLES
[0032] The present invention will concretely be explained hereafter
in more detail with examples. Therein, evaluation items in the
examples were conformed to the following methods.
[0033] (1) Birefringence (.DELTA.n)
[0034] The birefringence is measured by a conventional method,
measuring interference fringes with monochromatic light having a
wavelength of 530 nm by the use of a polarization microscope in
1-bromonaphthalene as a penetrating liquid.
[0035] (2) Elastic Recovery at 10% Elongation
[0036] The elastic recovery at 10% elongation is obtained, by
attaching a sample yarn to a tensile tester at a distance of 250 mm
between chucks, by elongating the attached sample yarn up to an
elongation ratio of 10% at a tensile speed of 50 mm/minute and
leaving the elongated sample yarn for one minute, subsequently by
returning the length of the sample yarn to the original length of
the sample yarn at the same speed of 50 mm/minute as the tensile
speed, by reading the movement distance (L' mm) of the chuck in the
stress-applied state, and then by determining the elastic recovery
according the following equation.
Elastic recovery (%)=[L'/25].times.100
[0037] (3) Oil Pick Up (OPU)
[0038] The oil pick up is obtained, by picking about 3 g of a
polyester yarn sample, by drying the sample at 105.degree. C. for 2
hours, immediately by measuring the weight (A) of the sample,
subsequently by immersing the sample in 300 cc of a washing aqueous
solution containing a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate as a main
component, by applying ultrasonic waves to the immersed sample at
40.degree. C. at least for 10 minutes, by scrapping the washing
solution, by washing the sample with 40.degree. C. hot water for 30
minutes, by drying the washed sample in air at room temperature,
further by drying the sample at 105.degree. C. for 2 hours, and
then immediately by measuring the weight (B) of the sample.
OPU (%)=(A-B)/B.times.100.
[0039] (4) Static Friction Between the Yarn and the Yarn
[0040] A polyester yarn (A) of 138 dtex/36 filaments is wound on a
cylinder at a spiral angle of .+-.15.degree. with a winding tension
of about 9.8 cN (10 g). The cylinder has a diameter of 2 inches
(5.1 cm) and a length of 3 inches (7.6 cm). The same polyester yarn
as mentioned above is taken in a length of 12 inches (30.5 cm) (B)
and then hung on the cylinder. At that time, said component (B) is
loaded on the upper layer portion of the above-mentioned component
(A) and arranged in parallel to the winding direction. A load of
0.035 cN/dtex (0.04 g/de) is hung on one end of the component (B),
and a strain gauze is connected to the other end. The cylinder is
rotated at a circumferential speed of 0.0016 cm/second at an angle
of 180 degree, and the tensions on the rotation is continuously
recorded. The frictional coefficient (f) between the filaments is
calculated according to the following equation.
f=1/.pi..times.ln(T.sub.2/T.sub.1)
[0041] Wherein, T.sub.2 is the average value of peak tensions
(n=25), T.sub.1 is a tension given by applying a load of 0.035
cN/dtex (0.04 g/de) to the multi-filaments, and ln is a natural
logarithmic symbol. Therein, the data of samples irreversibly
elongated, namely drawn, during the measurement are not used. And
the temperature of the measurement atmosphere is 25.degree. C.
[0042] (5) Dynamic Friction Between the Yarn and the Metal Contact
Member
[0043] The frictional coefficient is obtained, by taking a
polytrimethylene terephthalate yarn comprising 83 dtex/36 filaments
as a sample, by measuring the tension (T.sub.2) of the sample on
the exit side of a frictional member comprising a 60 mm diameter
satin chromium pin by the use of a machine for measuring the
friction between the yarn and the metal at a travel speed of 300
m/minute at a contact angle of 180 degree at a tension of 9.8 cN
(10 g:T.sub.1) on the entrance side of the frictional member, and
then by similarly determining the frictional coefficient according
to the equation used for the calculation of the static friction
between the yarn and the yarn.
[0044] (6) Stability of the Emulsion
[0045] The stability of the emulsion is judged, by allowing a 10%
aqueous emulsion to stand at 30.degree. C. for one day, by visually
observing the state of the emulsion, and then by classifying the
state into three ranks consisting of a good rank (not changed), an
acceptable rank (creaming-generated) and an improper rank
(separated).
[0046] (7) Package Shape (Bulge)
[0047] The bulge is determined by measuring the swollen width of
the end face by the unit of mm on the basis of the original winding
width of a package having a winding amount of 8 Kg.
[0048] (8) Fluff Number, Fluffs/m
[0049] The number of the fluffs per meter is determined by counting
the fluffs on a 25 m false-twisted yarn.
[0050] (9) Generation State of Scum on the Heater
[0051] The generation state of scum on the heater is judged into
the 1st class to the 5fth class by using the heater for the
processing for 3 weeks and then by visually observing the amount of
the scum generated on the heater in the 1st class (improper) to the
5th class (good).
[0052] (10) Generation State of Fume on the Heater
[0053] The generation state of fume on the heater is judged into
the 1st class to the 5th class by visually observing the amount of
the fume generated on the exit side of the heater in the first
class (improper) to the fifth class (good). [Example 1]
[0054] Polytrimethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity
of 1.03 was melted and extruded from a spinneret having 36
extrusion holes each having a hole-diameter of 0.3 mm. Said
extruded filaments were cooled and solidified and then taken off at
a speed of 3,300 m/minute, while the aqueous emulsion (the
concentration of the emulsion:10% by weight) of a treating agent
mentioned in Table 1 was stuck in a real stuck amount of 0.35% by
weight. The obtained polyester yarn of 138 dtex/36 filaments had a
birefringence of 0.035, an elongation of 145% and an elastic
recovery of 55%. The yarn was drawn and simultaneously
false-twisted with a polyurethane friction disk unit equipped with
a disk having a diameter of 45 mm, in a drawing ratio of 1.65, at a
heater temperature of 190.degree. C., at the number of frictional
disk rotation of 6,250 rpm and at a processing speed of 800
m/minute. The results are together shown in Table 1.
1TABLE 1 Com- ponents of the Experiment No. oiling 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 agent Examples Comparative Examples #1 Ether- ester 1-1 70 70 40
70 70 1-2 80 90 60 1-3 70 Poly- ether 2-1 10 6 10 10 25 2-2 10 6
2-3 10 Others 3-1 10 10 10 40 10 10 5 20 3-2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3-3 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3-4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 #2 good good good good #9 good
good good good #3 0.296 0.315 0.288 0.298 0.306 0.337 0.292 0.273
0.352 #4 0.284 0.292 0.302 0.345 0.281 0.294 0.274 0.321 0.292 #5
4.8 4.2 4.8 4.5 4.9 4.4 4.7 6.4 4.4 #6 0 0 0 1.0 0 0.6 0 0 2.5 #7 4
4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 #8 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 4 #1: the composition of the
oiling agent #2: the stability of the emulsion #3: the static
friction between the yarn and the yarn #4: the dynamic friction
between the yarn and the metal contact member #5: the package shape
(bulge) #6: the fluff number fluffs/m #7: the generation state of
the scum on the heater #8: the generation state of the fume #9:
acceptable
[0055] In Table, the abbreviations of the components of the oiling
agent are as follows.
2 1-1: (EO).sub.51,6-hexanediol dilaurate 1-2:
(EO).sub.51,4-butanediol dilaurate 1-3: (EO).sub.5 laurylether
decanoate 2-1: a random polyether having a PO/EO = 30/70 and a
molecular weight of 10,000 (starting raw material: glycerol) 2-2: a
random polyether having a PO/EO = 50/50 and a molecular weight of
40,000 (starting raw material: glycerol) 2-3: a random polyether
having a PO/EG = 30/70 and a molecular weight of 6,000 (starting
raw material: glycerol) 3-1: a random polyether having a PO/EO =
50/50 and a molecular weight of 2,000 (starting raw material:
butanol) 3-2: (EO).sub.5(PO).sub.1 2-ethylhexylether 3-3: sodium
laurylsulfonate 3-4: potassium (EO).sub.3 laurylphosphate
[0056] Utilization in Industry
[0057] The polyester yarn comprising the polytrimethylene
terephthalate is liable to increase the contact areas with various
contact members, because of tending to be deformed even under a low
tension. Hence, static frictions between the yarn and the yarn and
dynamic frictions between the yarn and the various contact members
are larger than those of a polyester yarn comprising polyethylene
terephthalate. A problem that the passing property of the yarn on a
false-twisting is liable to be deteriorated to generate fluffs and
broken yarn has therefore existed.
[0058] On the other hand, 0.2 to 1.0% by weight of the treating
agent, which contains such the specific ether-ester compound as
mentioned above as the main component and further contains the
polyether compound having a molecular weight of 10,000 or more in
an amount of 2 to 20% by weight, is stuck to the polytrimethylene
terephthalate-based polyester yarn of the present invention.
Therefore, the static frictions between the yarn and the yarn and
simultaneously the dynamic frictions between the yarn and the
various contact members are reduced, and the accumulation of tars
and sludge on the heater on the false-twisting is also hardly
generated. The yarn can thereby extremely stably be false-twisted
at a high speed.
* * * * *