U.S. patent application number 10/215926 was filed with the patent office on 2003-02-13 for icosadodecahedron puzzle system.
Invention is credited to Graham, John Alexander.
Application Number | 20030030213 10/215926 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26910500 |
Filed Date | 2003-02-13 |
United States Patent
Application |
20030030213 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Graham, John Alexander |
February 13, 2003 |
Icosadodecahedron puzzle system
Abstract
The IKOS holistic game of this invention comprises a
semi-regular geometric solid of 32 faces. 12 faces are regular
pentagons interfaced to 20 equilateral triangles. The polyhedron
also comprises 60 equal upstand edges each one of which subtends 36
degrees at the centroid of the polyhedron. It also comprises 30
equal vertices at which four edges and four faces meet. The surface
elements 1 of the IKOS are of seven distinct colors, with each
surface element being of one color only. There are six sets of like
colored surface elements with two pentagons and ten up-stands in
each set. All the triangular panels are in the seventh, neutral,
shade.
Inventors: |
Graham, John Alexander;
(London, GB) |
Correspondence
Address: |
OUR PAL ASIJA
ASIJA HOUSE
7 WOONSOCKET AVENUE
SHELTON
CT
06484-5536
US
|
Family ID: |
26910500 |
Appl. No.: |
10/215926 |
Filed: |
August 9, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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60311242 |
Aug 10, 2001 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
273/153S |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63F 9/0838 20130101;
A63F 9/0826 20130101; A63F 2009/0853 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
273/153.00S |
International
Class: |
A63F 009/08 |
Claims
The inventor claims:
1. An icosadodecahedron puzzle system comprising 12 pentagons
symmetrically and geometrically interfaced to 20 equilateral
triangles and 60 upstand edges.
2. The icosadodecahedron puzzle system of claim 1 wherein; a) said
pentagons are regular and identical shape; and b) said 60 upstand
edges are all equal.
3. The icosadodecahedron puzzle system of claim 1 wherein; a) each
one of said edges subtends 30 degrees at the centroid of said
icosadodecahedron; and b) said icosadodecahedron further having 30
equal vertices.
4. The icosadodecahedron puzzle system of claim 3 wherein at each
of said 30 equal vertices 4 of said 60 equal edges and four of said
32 faces meet.
5. An polyhedron puzzle system comprising 12 pentagons
symmetrically and geometrically interfaced to 20 equilateral
triangles and 60 upstand edges.
6. The polyhedron puzzle system of claim 5 which is an
icosadodecahedron puzzle with 32 sides.
7. The polyhedron puzzle system of claim 6 wherein; a) said
pentagons are regular and identical shape; and b) said 60 upstand
edges are all equal.
8. The polyhedron puzzle system of claim 7 wherein; a) each one of
said edges subtends 30 degrees at the centroid of said
icosadodecahedron; and b) said icosadodecahedron further has 30
equal vertices.
9. The polyhedron puzzle system of claim 8 wherein at each of said
30 equal vertices four of said 60 equal edges meet.
10. The polyhedron puzzle system of claim 8 wherein at each of said
30 equal vertices four of said 32 faces meet.
11. A polyhedron of 32 faces of 12 regular pentagons and 20
equilateral triangles having 60 equal edges wherein each one of
said edges subtends 30 degrees at the centroid of said polyhedron
and said polyhedron further having 30 equal vertices wherein at
each of said 30 equal vertices 4 of said 60 equal edges and four of
said 32 faces meet.
Description
RELATED DOCUMENT
[0001] This non-provisonal application is based upon provisional
application Serial No. 60/311,242 by the same inventor with the
same title and is being filed within one year and the applicant
hereby claims priority therefrom.
BACKGROUND
[0002] This invention relates generally to games. More particularly
it relates to a puzzle based on a regular multi-colored
Icosadodecahedron which totally involves and benefits the mind and
spirit of children and adults alike. An embodiment of the puzzle is
also known by it's trademark name of IKOS for all products based on
this invention.
THE PROBLEM
[0003] The problem with prior art games and puzzles is that they
can either be played indoors or outdoors but not both. Likewise
they can either be enjoyed by children or adults but not both.
Prior art puzzles are not holistic as they do not involve and
benefit body mind and spirit of children and adults both indoor and
outdoors. Problems with prior games and puzzles and toys can be
categorized into the following:
[0004] a) Useable only indoors or outdoors but not both
[0005] b) Challenging to children or adults but not both
[0006] c) Provide benefits for the body or mind but not spirit.
[0007] d) Not cost effective.
[0008] e) Do not harmonize with the environment.
[0009] f) Do not totally engage or involve the players.
[0010] g) Educational or entertaining but seldom both.
SUMMARY
[0011] The IKOS holistic puzzle of this invention comprises
comprises a semi-regular geometric solid of 32 faces. 12 faces are
regular pentagons interfaced to 20 equilateral triangles. The
polyhedron also comprises 60 equal upstand edges each one of which
subtends 36 degrees at the centroid of the polyhedron. It also
comprises 30 equal vertices at which four edges and four faces
meet.
[0012] The surface elements 1 of the IKOS are of seven distinct
colors, with each surface element being of one color only. There
are six sets of like colored surface elements with two pentagons
and ten up-stands in each set. All the triangular panels are in the
seventh, neutral, shade.
[0013] This indoor-outdoor puzzle and game appeals equally to
children, teens and adults. It can played anywhere! This versatile
bundle of fun is the perfect combination of fun and education for
all situations! The possibilities for this active game are
limitless.
[0014] All of this isn't just fun play. Players develop mental
thinking skills, visual perceptual skills, and spatial
relationships. As kids explore the world of shapes, patterns and
colors, they begin to develop color recognition, memory and
beginning geometry skills.
[0015] Players also improve key skills like visual discrimination,
and problem solving. This game promotes creative play and
socialization. It also encourages more family interactions. Parents
or educators can use the IKOS to teach younger children how to
recognize different kinds of shapes, colors or identify images such
as different kinds of animals to name a few.
[0016] The game is ideal for developing better health, keen mind
and strong spirit as well as team spirit among players and family
bond and unity, which in turn has positive impact on society by
reduced juvenile delinquency and crime.
PRIOR ART
[0017] A preliminary limited prior art search was conducted.
Furthermore the inventor is intimately familiar with the prior art.
Following are typical examples of the prior art known to the
applicant arranged in the reverse chronological order for ready
reference of the reader.
[0018] c) U.S. Utility Pat. No. 4,781,380 presented to Thomas J.
Irwin on Nov. 1, 1988 for "Articulated Ring Puzzle"
[0019] b) U.S. Utility Pat. No. 4,529,201 bestowed upon Ernest
Nadel on Jul. 16, 1985 for "Multi-Faceted Solid Geometrical Puzzle
Toy"
[0020] a) U.S. Utility Pat. No. 4,478,418 issued to Benjamin F.
Sherman Jr. on Oct. 23, 1984 for "Three-Dimensional Sliding Element
Puzzle"
[0021] None of the prior art devices known to the applicant or his
attorney disclose the EXACT embodiment of this inventor that
constitutes a simple, elegant, quick, convenient, affordable,
educational, engaging, challenging and entertaining puzzle for
children and adults alike.
OBJECTIVES
[0022] Unfortunately none of the prior art devices singly or even
in combination provide for all of the objectives as established by
the inventor for this system as enumerated below.
[0023] 1. It is an objective of this invention to provide methods,
devices and system for playing a holistic puzzle.
[0024] 2. Another objective of this invention is to provide a
puzzle that involves engages and challenges both children and
adults.
[0025] 3. Another objective of this game is that it be suitable for
using and playing indoors as well as out doors.
[0026] 4. Another objective of this game is that it be both
educational and entertaining.
[0027] 5. Another objective of this game is that it be aesthetic
and elegant design that integrates harmoniously with any
environment.
[0028] 6. Another objective of this IKOS is that it can be used as
decoration to accent surrounding objects at home or office.
[0029] 7. Another objective of this puzzle is that it be holistic
to engage not only mind but also develop motor skills.
[0030] 8. Another objective of this puzzle is that its use is
quick, simple, convenient and easy.
[0031] 9. Another objective of this invention is that it be
suitable for all types of users in all types of conditions.
[0032] 10. Another objective of this invention is that the puzzle
be portable.
[0033] 11. Another objective of this invention is that its design
is simple and even elegant.
[0034] 12. Another objective of this invention is that its use is
intuitive which requires no further training.
[0035] 13. Another objective of the game of this invention is that
it be capable of multiple uses.
[0036] 14. Another objective of this invention is that it use
little or no additional energy.
[0037] 15. Another objective of this invention is that the
invention use modular standard components easily interface-able
transportable and storable.
[0038] 16. Another objective of this invention is that it be
reliable such that it practically never fails and requires little
or no maintenance.
[0039] 17. Another objective of this invention is that it be
environmentally friendly and use biodegrade materials to the extent
practical.
[0040] 18. Another objective of this invention is that it be
physically safe in normal environment as well as accidental
situations.
[0041] 19. Another objective of this invention is that it be long
lasting made from durable material.
[0042] 20. Another objective of this invention is that it meet all
federal, state, local and other private standards guidelines,
regulations and recommendations with respect to safety,
environment, energy consumption.
[0043] 21. Another objective of this invention is that it not
compromise the safety or the comfort of the players.
[0044] 22. Another objective of this invention is that it be
suitable for gift giving.
[0045] 23. Another objective of this invention is that it be
suitable for promotional give-aways complete with message of the
sponsor such as a union, casino or charitable organization.
[0046] 24. Another objective of this invention is that it promote
family unity and family bond as well as team spirit, unity and bond
among unrelated players.
[0047] 25. Another objective of this invention is that the game not
only be entertaining but capable of learning and teaching.
[0048] Other objectives of this invention reside in its simplicity,
elegance of design, ease of manufacture, service and use and even
aesthetics as will become apparent from the following brief
description of the drawings and the detailed description of the
concept embodiment.
[0049] Unfortunately none of the prior art devices singly or even
in combination provide all of the features established by the
inventor for this system as enumerated below.
[0050] a) Educational, engaging, challenging and entertaining.
[0051] b) Safe and holistic.
[0052] c) Multiple uses for all types of players and all types of
venues.
[0053] d) A device that can be easily used, stored, and
maintained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0054] a) FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the regular
icosadodecahedron.
[0055] b) FIG. 2 shows plan view of the IKOS in schematic geometric
form which is a pseudo perspective isometric plan view.
[0056] c) FIG. 3 shows the rotational path of a colored pentagonal
floret in a pseudo perspective isometric plan view of the
icosadodecahedron
[0057] d) FIG. 4 shows the rotational path if a triangular floret
in a pseudo perspective isometric plan view of the
icosadodecahedron
[0058] e) FIG. 5 shows rotational path about its axis of a
hemisphere of the icosadodecahedron in pseudo perspective isometric
plan view.
[0059] f) FIG. 6 shows uniformly colored pentagonal florets
arranged as polar opposites in a pseudo perspective isometric plan
view of the icosadodecahedron.
[0060] g) FIG. 7 shows like colored pentagonal florets adjacent and
in the `cubic` arrangement in a pseudo perspective isometric plan
view of the icosadodecahedron
[0061] h) FIG. 8 shows opposite pentagonal panels and corresponding
equator all of the same color in a pseudo perspective isometric
plan view of the icosadodecahedron
[0062] i) FIG. 9 shows pentagonal panels of the same color adjacent
and enclosed within a crescent of like colored up-stands in a
pseudo perspective isometric plan view of the
icosadodecahedron.
[0063] j) FIG. 10 shows colored surface elements in a random
arrangement in a pseudo perspective isometric plan view of the
icosadodecahedron
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE BEST MODE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0064] As shown in the drawings wherein like numerals represent
like parts throughout the several views, there is generally
disclosed in FIG. 1 a plan view of the regular icosadodecahedron
100. FIG. 2 shows plan view of the IKOS in schematic geometric form
which is a pseudo perspective isometric plan view.
[0065] The IKOS is in the shape of a regular icosadodecahedron 100,
hence the name. This is a semi-regular geometric solid of 32 faces
1, see Diagram 1. Twelve of the faces are regular pentagons 5 and
twenty are equilateral triangles 3. The faces are so disposed that
polygons of one type are laterally adjacent at all edges 2 to
polygons of the other type, while polygons of the same type are
invariably vertically adjacent.
[0066] This polyhedron has 60 equal edges 2, each one of which
subtends 36 degrees at the centroid of the polyhedron, and 30 equal
vertices 6 at which four edges and four faces meet.
[0067] An important property of the icosadodecahedron, (32'dron),
is that the 60 edges 2 form themselves into six mutually
equiangular, mutually intersecting, regular decagons 7, each one of
which bisects the 32'dron exactly.
[0068] In the IKOS 100 the edges 2 are made to stand proud of the
faces to form equal up-stands 2. The outer edges of these up-stands
2 together form the skeleton of a projected, larger, concentric
32'dron defined only by its edges 2.
[0069] Four up-stands 2, meet at a projected vertex 6. The end
edges of the up-stands 2 meet along the outermost section of the
radial line from the centroid of the figure to the outer vertex 6.
The up-stands form themselves, correspondingly, into 6 equivalent
hollow decagons. The 60 up stand edges 2 and the 32 polygonal
panels 3,5 are referred to as the surface elements or faces 1 of
the IKOS 100.
[0070] The surface elements 1 of the IKOS are of seven distinct
colors, with each surface element being of one color only. There
are six sets of like colored surface elements with two pentagons
and ten up-stands in each set. All the triangular panels are in the
seventh, neutral, shade. The color legend for the embodiment
delineated here is as follows.
[0071] 10=Color 1 (Yellow)
[0072] 20=Color 2 (Red)
[0073] 30=Color 3 (Green)
[0074] 40=Color 4 (Blue)
[0075] 50=Color 5 (Purple)
[0076] 60=Color 6 (Orange)
[0077] 70=Color 7 (Silver or neutral) color
[0078] In the IKOS all the surface elements 1 can be made to move,
i.e. rotate in clusters, relative to each other and to the core of
the device. The geometric structure of the IKOS 100 remains
unchanged after any number of movements. Furthermore, irrespective
of the number of moves that are made, an up-stand 2 always has
polygons of one type lying on one side of it.
[0079] The object of the puzzle is to achieve a desired patterning
of the colored surface elements through successive rotations of
different element clusters.
[0080] There are three possible types of movement in the IKOS. FIG.
3 shows the rotational path of a colored pentagonal floret in a
pseudo perspective isometric plan view of the icosadodecahedron.
FIG. 4 shows the rotational path if a triangular floret in a pseudo
perspective isometric plan view of the icosadodecahedron FIG. 5
shows rotational path about its axis of a hemisphere of the
icosadodecahedron in pseudo perspective isometric plan view.
[0081] a) Rotation, about its center, of a pentagonal floret 111,
as shown in FIG. 3 wherein a Floret is taken to mean the
combination of any polygonal panel and its three, or five,
surrounding up-stands. This rotation can be made in either sense
and there are four possible new orientations the floret can move
into.
[0082] b) Rotation, about its center, of a triangular floret 112,
as shown in FIG. 4. This rotation can be made in either sense and
there are two possible new orientations the floret can move
into.
[0083] c) Rotation of one hemisphere 113 relative to the other, as
shown in FIG. 5. Rotation can be made in either sense and there are
four possible new orientations the hemisphere can assume.
[0084] In this movement the up stand decagon 7 dividing the two
hemispheres is called the equatorial decagon and the surface
elements immediately adjacent to it are referred to as being
equatorially adjacent. The axis of rotation invariably passes
through the centers of a pair of opposite pentagonal florets 4P,
referred to as the polar florets, with the surface elements
adjacent to it referred to as being polar adjacent. In this
rotation the equatorial decagon 7 remains stationary, so that a
total of 41 surface elements are rotated relative to the rest.
[0085] There is no one solution to the puzzle. There are a number
of generic solutions, and associated with each one of these are
usually about 12 specific solutions, depending on the number of
different color arrangements that are possible in any one generic
solution. FIG. 6 shows uniformly colored pentagonal florets
arranged as polar opposites in a pseudo perspective isometric plan
view of the icosadodecahedron. FIG. 7 shows like colored pentagonal
florets adjacent and in the cubic arrangement in a pseudo
perspective isometric plan view of the icosadodecahedron
[0086] There are two broad types of generic solutions: those in
which the pentagonal florets 4P are of a uniform color, type A, and
those in which the up stand decagons, or segments of them, are of a
uniform color, type B.
[0087] Type A generic solutions include those where:
[0088] a) Like colored pentagonal florets 4P are disposed as polar
opposites, see Diagram 6.
[0089] b) Like colored florets are adjacent i.e. sharing a common
vertex, including, in particular, where the 6 common vertices
correspond to the centers of faces of a concentric cube, i.e. the
`cubic` arrangement, see Diagram 7.
[0090] c) They are neither polar opposites nor adjacent.
[0091] d) Hybrids of any of the above.
[0092] FIG. 8 shows opposite pentagonal panels and corresponding
equator all of the same color in a pseudo perspective isometric
plan view of the icosadodecahedron. FIG. 9 shows pentagonal panels
of the same color adjacent and enclosed within a crescent of like
colored up-stands in a pseudo perspective isometric plan view of
the icosadodecahedron.
[0093] Type B generic solutions include those where:
[0094] a) Like colored pentagonal panels 5 are arranged as polar
opposites with the correspondingly colored upstand 2 decagons
forming the respective equators. In this arrangement all like
colored elements lie in parallel planes, as shown in FIG. 8.
[0095] b) Like colored panels are adjacent and in the `cubic`
arrangement, with correspondingly colored up-stands 2 enclosing
them in a crescent made up of two half-decagons as shown in FIG.
9.
[0096] There are innumerable other regular and semi-regular
patterns, which may be regarded as solutions to the puzzle, but
these are too numerous to mention here. Although the number of
patterns that could be regarded as solutions to the puzzle runs
into hundreds, the number of random arrangements is so vast as to
make it virtually impossible to arrive through a random sequence of
movements.
[0097] FIG. 10 shows the IKOS 100 with the colored surface elements
in a random arrangement in a pseudo perspective isometric plan view
of the icosadodecahedron. The puzzle is played by participants from
age 3 to adults of all ages. It can be used indoors as well as
outdoors. The game is also known by its potential trademark name of
"IKOS". The objective of the puzzle like the Rubik's cube is to put
the IKOS in like colors from a random order in the shortest time.
The object of the puzzle is to achieve a desired patterning of the
colored surface elements through successive rotations of different
element clusters.
[0098] The manufacturing, assembly and use of this invention is
very simple even intuitive. The drawings delineate this process
even further. The interconnection between elements can be anything
as long as does not interfere with the rotational aspects of the
puzzle.
[0099] The inventor has given a non-limiting description of the
drop case rapid weapon deployment system of this invention. Due to
the simplicity and elegance of the design of this invention
designing around it is very difficult if not impossible.
Nonetheless many changes may be made to this design without
deviating from the spirit of this invention. Examples of such
contemplated variations include the following:
[0100] 1. The shape and size and quantity of the various members
and components may be modified.
[0101] 2. The color, aesthetics and materials may be enhanced or
varied.
[0102] 3. A different educational graphic may be selected for
learning and teaching different substantive subjects through this
medium of instruction.
[0103] 4. Additional complimentary and complementary functions and
features may be added.
[0104] 5. A more economical version of the puzzle may be
adapted.
[0105] 6. An audio-visual computer version of the game may be
employed.
[0106] 7. In lieu of or in addition to elements may be embossed or
studded to enhance the tactile-spatial awareness of the user.
[0107] Thus this puzzle is not limited to the exact embodiment
shown. The shapes can be substituted for colors, numbers, letters,
animal figures, images, patterns and more. It can have a version
where it is played in the swimming pool and at night where glow in
the dark material or other illuminating devices are used. This game
can also have a software program version where the user can have
the ability to customize the images to be used on the game.
[0108] Other changes such as aesthetics and substitution of newer
materials as they become available, which substantially perform the
same function in substantially the same manner with substantially
the same result without deviating from the spirit of the invention
may be made.
[0109] Following is a listing of the components used in the best
mode preferred embodiment arranged in ascending order for ready
reference of the reader.
[0110] 1=Faces
[0111] 2=Edges or up-stands
[0112] 3=Triangles
[0113] 4=Floret
[0114] 5=Pentagons
[0115] 6=Vertices
[0116] 7=Decagon
[0117] 8=Hemisphere
[0118] 9=Axis of rotation
[0119] 10=Color 1 (Yellow)
[0120] 13=Yellow Triangle
[0121] 15=Yellow Pentagon
[0122] 20=Color 2 (Red)
[0123] 23=Red Triangle
[0124] 25=Red pentagon
[0125] 30=Color 3 (Green)
[0126] 33=Green Triangle
[0127] 35=Green Pentagon
[0128] 40=Color 4 (Blue)
[0129] 43=Blue Triangle
[0130] 45=Blue Pentagon
[0131] 50=Color 5 (Purple)
[0132] 53=Purple Triangle
[0133] 55=Purple Pentagon
[0134] 60=Color 6 (Orange)
[0135] 63=Orange Triangle
[0136] 65=Orange Pentagon
[0137] 70=Color 7 (Silver or neutral) color
[0138] 73=Silver Triangle
[0139] 80=Multi-Color
[0140] 100=IKOS puzzle generally
[0141] 110=Rotational movement
[0142] 111=Rotational movement of a pentagonal floret about its
center
[0143] 112=Rotational movement of triangular floret about its
center
[0144] 113=Rotation of the two hemispheres with respect to each
other
DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS
[0145] A great care has been taken to use words with their
conventional dictionary definitions. Following definitions are
included here for clarification.
[0146] 3D=Three Dimensional
[0147] DIY=Do It Yourself
[0148] Floret=Polygonal panel and its three, or five, surrounding
up-stands.
[0149] Integrated=Combination of two entities to act like one
[0150] Interface=Junction between two dissimilar entities
[0151] OEM=Original Equipment Manufacturer
[0152] While this invention has been described with reference to
illustrative embodiments, this description is not intended to be
construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and
combinations of the illustrative embodiments as well as other
embodiments of the invention will be apparent to a person of
average skill in the art upon reference to this description. It is
therefore contemplated that the appended claim(s) cover any such
modifications, embodiments as fall within the true scope of this
invention.
* * * * *