U.S. patent application number 10/047090 was filed with the patent office on 2002-11-07 for composition based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, and its uses.
This patent application is currently assigned to SOCIETE D'EXPLOITATION DE PRODUITS POUR LES INDUSTRIES CHIMIQUES S.E.P.P.I.C.. Invention is credited to Amalric, Chantal, Boiteux, Jean-Pierre, Michel, Nelly, Milius, Alain.
Application Number | 20020165287 10/047090 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 9506116 |
Filed Date | 2002-11-07 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020165287 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Amalric, Chantal ; et
al. |
November 7, 2002 |
Composition based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, and
its uses
Abstract
The present invention relates to compositions based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, comprising: 5 to 60% by weight
of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting of: 0
to 20% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula
(I): R.sub.1O(G.sub.1).sub.x.sub..sub.1 (I) in which R.sub.1 is a
linear or branched aliphatic radical having 16 or 18 carbon atoms,
G.sub.1 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.1 is between 1 and 5; 0
to 100% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II):
R.sub.2O(G.sub.2).sub.x.sub..sub.2 (II) in which R.sub.2 is a
linear or branched aliphatic radical having 14 carbon atoms,
G.sub.2 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.2 is between 1 and 5; and
0 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula
(III): R.sub.3O(G.sub.3).sub.x.sub..sub.3 (III) in which R.sub.3 is
a linear or branched aliphatic radical having 20 or 22 carbon
atoms, G.sub.3 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.3 is between 1 and
5; and 95 to 40% by weight of one or more alcohols of the formula
R'OH, in which R' is a linear or branched aliphatic radical having
from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, and preferably of a mixture consisting
of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety
R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides. The invention is applied especially to the
preparation of emulsions possessing excellent textural
properties.
Inventors: |
Amalric, Chantal; (Blan,
FR) ; Boiteux, Jean-Pierre; (Saix, FR) ;
Milius, Alain; (Nice, FR) ; Michel, Nelly;
(Maisons Alfort, FR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
Ira J. Schultz
DENNISON, SCHEINER & SCHULTZ
Suite 612
1745 Jefferson Davis Highway
Arlington
VA
22202
US
|
Assignee: |
SOCIETE D'EXPLOITATION DE PRODUITS
POUR LES INDUSTRIES CHIMIQUES S.E.P.P.I.C.
|
Family ID: |
9506116 |
Appl. No.: |
10/047090 |
Filed: |
January 17, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
10047090 |
Jan 17, 2002 |
|
|
|
09061183 |
Apr 17, 1998 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
516/72 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10S 514/938 20130101;
C09K 23/018 20220101; Y10S 514/844 20130101; Y10S 514/846 20130101;
Y10S 514/975 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
516/72 |
International
Class: |
B01F 003/08 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 21, 1997 |
FR |
97 04876 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Compositions of alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols,
comprising: 5 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
essentially consisting of: 0 to 20% by weight of at least one alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (I): R.sub.1O(G.sub.1).sub.x.sub..sub.1
(I) in which R.sub.1 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 16 or 18 carbon atoms, G.sub.1 is a saccharide residue and
x.sub.1 is between 1 and 5; 0 to 100% by weight of an alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (II): R.sub.2O(G.sub.2).sub.x.sub..sub.2
(II) in which R.sub.2 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 14 carbon atoms, G.sub.2 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.2
is between 1 and 5; and 0 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (III): R.sub.3O(G.sub.3).sub.x.sub..sub.3
(III) in which R.sub.3 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 20 or 22 carbon atoms, G.sub.3 is a saccharide residue and
X.sub.3 is between 1 and 5; and 95 to 40% by weight of one or more
alcohols of the formula R'OH, in which R' is a linear or branched
aliphatic radical having from 14 to 22 carbon atoms.
2. Compositions of alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols,
comprising: 5 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
essentially consisting of: 0 to 20% by weight of at least one alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (I): R.sub.1O(G.sub.1).sub.x.sub..sub.1
(I) in which R.sub.1 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 16 or 18 carbon atoms, G.sub.1 is a saccharide residue and
x.sub.1 is between 1 and 5; 0 to 100% by weight of an alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (II): R.sub.2O(G.sub.2).sub.x.sub..sub.2
(II) in which R.sub.2 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 14 carbon atoms, G.sub.2 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.2
is between 1 and 5; and 0 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (III): R.sub.3O(G.sub.3).sub.x.sub..sub.3
(III) in which R.sub.3 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 20 or 22 carbon atoms, G.sub.3 is a saccharide residue and
X.sub.3 is between 1 and 5; and 95 to 40% by weight of a mixture
consisting of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl
moiety R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides.
3. Compositions according to claim 2 wherein the above-mentioned
mixture of alcohols essentially consists of: 0 to 20% by weight of
at least one alcohol having 16 to 18 carbon atoms; 0 to 100% by
weight of at least one alcohol having 14 carbon atoms; and 0 to
100% by weight of at least one alcohol having 20 to 22 carbon
atoms.
4. Compositions according to claim 1 wherein the above-mentioned
mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consists of: 0 to 20%
by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (I) as
defined in claim 1; 0 to 40% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (II) as defined in claim 1; and 50 to 100% by weight of at
least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as defined in claim
1.
5. Compositions according to claim 1 wherein the above-mentioned
mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consists of: 0 to 20%
by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (I) as
defined in claim 1; 70 to 100% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside
of formula (II) as defined in claim 1; and 0 to 30% by weight of at
least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as defined in claim
1.
6. Compositions according to claim 1 wherein the above-mentioned
mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consists of: 0 to 15%
by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (I) as
defined in claim 1; 90 to 100% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside
of formula (II) as defined in claim 1; and 0 to 10% by weight of at
least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as defined in claim
1.
7. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 8 to 40% by weight
of the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl polyglycosides; and 92 to
60% by weight of one or more of the above-mentioned alcohols.
8. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 8 to 30% by weight
of the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl polyglycosides; and 92 to
70% by weight of one or more of the above-mentioned alcohols.
9. Compositions according to claim 8 comprising: 10 to 30% by
weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II); and 90 to 70% by
weight of an alcohol having 14 carbon atoms.
10. Compositions according to claim 8 comprising: 25% by weight of
an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II); and 75% by weight of an
alcohol having 14 carbon atoms.
11. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 8 to 25% by
weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting
of: 0 to 15% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (I) as defined in claim 1; 0 to 25% by weight of an alkyl
polyglycoside of formula (II) as defined in claim 1; and 75 to 100%
by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as
defined in claim 1; and 92 to 75% by weight of a mixture consisting
of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety
R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides.
12. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 8 to 18% by
weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting
of: 0 to 15% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (I) as defined in claim 1; 0 to 25% by weight of an alkyl
polycoside of formula (II) as defined in claim 1; and 75 to 100% by
weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as
defined in claim 1; and 92 to 85% by weight of a mixture consisting
of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety
R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides.
13. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 10 to 20% by
weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting
of: 20 to 40% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II)
as defined in claim 1; and 60 to 80% by weight of at least one
alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as defined in claim 1; and 80
to 90% by weight of a mixture consisting of alcohols whose alkyl
moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the
above-mentioned alkyl polyglycosides.
14. Compositions according to claim 1 comprising: 10 to 20% by
weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting
of: about 30% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II)
as defined in claim 1; and about 70% by weight of an alkyl
polyglycoside having 20 carbon atoms; and 80 to 90% by weight of a
mixture consisting of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to
the alkyl moiety R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides.
15. Emulsions comprising at least an aqueous phase and an oily
phase and, as the main emulsifier, a composition of alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols as defined according to claim
1.
16. Emulsions according to claim 15 comprising from 1 to 25% by
weight of the above-mentioned emulsifying composition and up to 50%
by weight of the above-mentioned oily phase.
17. Emulsions according to claim 15 comprising a complementary
emulsifier in an amount such that the total amount of emulsifiers
in the composition is less than or equal to 25% by weight.
18. Emulsions according to claim 17 wherein the complementary
emulsifier is a non-ionic agent selected from the group consisting
of an ethoxylated alcohol, an ethoxylated fatty acid, a glycerol
ester, an ethoxylated glycerol ester, a sorbitan ester, a
polysorbate, a polyglycerol ester, a sucrose ester, an alkyl
glucose ester, an ethoxylated alkyl glucose ester and a dimethicone
copolyol.
19. Emulsions according to claim 17, wherein the complementary
emulsifier is an anionic agent selected from the group consisting
of an alkylsulfate, an alkylphosphate, a phosphated ethoxylated
alcohol, a sulfated ethoxylated alcohol, a fatty acid soap, an
acylate and a dimethicone copolyol phosphate.
20. Emulsions according to claim 15 comprising a co-emulsifier
selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated vegetable oils
and ethoxylated methyl esters of vegetable oils, in an amount such
that the total amount of emulsifiers in the emulsion is less than
or equal to 25% by weight, the weight ratio of the main emulsifier,
consisting of the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
and fatty alcohols, to the co-emulsifier being between 98:2 and
20:80.
21. Emulsions according to claim 20 wherein the above-mentioned
co-emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of an
ethoxylated maize oil, an ethoxylated apricot kernel oil, an
ethoxylated sunflower oil, an ethoxylated colza oil, an ethoxylated
jojoba oil, an ethoxylated grapeseed oil or an ethoxylated linseed
oil, or an ethoxylated methyl ester of maize oil, an ethoxylated
methyl ester of colza oil and an ethoxylated methyl ester of
linseed oil.
22. Emulsions according to one of claim 15 further comprising a
co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkyl
polyglycosides having from 8 to 12 carbon atoms, in an amount such
that the total amount of emulsifier and co-surfactant is less than
or equal to 25% by weight, the weight ratio of the emulsifier to
the above-mentioned co-surfactant being between 99:1 and 60:40.
23. Emulsions according to claim 22 wherein the above-mentioned
co-surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside having 12 carbon atoms.
24. Emulsions according to any one of claim 15 further comprising a
synthetic polymer or a natural hydrocolloid in an amount of about
0.1 to 5% by weight.
25. Emulsions according to claim 24 wherein the above-mentioned
synthetic polymer or natural hydrocolloid is selected from the
group consisting of: crosslinked or non-crosslinked acrylic or
methacrylic polymers and copolymers; styrene or vinyl polymers and
copolymers; acrylamide polymers and copolymers; gums of natural
origin; cellulosic polymers and derivatives thereof; and mineral
compounds.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a novel family of
compositions based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, and
to the use of these compositions for the preparation of
emulsions.
[0002] Alkyl glycosides or alkyl polyglycosides (APG) are
well-known non-ionic surface-active compounds which can be used on
their own, or in association with other surfactants, in a broad
range of industrial applications and especially in the cosmetics
sector.
[0003] Alkyl polyglycosides were first used as foaming agents and,
in this application, those with an alkyl chain containing from 8 to
14 carbon atoms were found to be of particular value.
[0004] More recently, alkyl polyglycosides have been used as
emulsifiers and, in this application, those with an alkyl chain
containing from 16 to 18 carbon atoms have proved to be of
particular value.
[0005] Patent application WO 92/06778, in the name of the
Applicant, describes for the first time the use of mixtures of
alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols as self-emulsifying
agents.
[0006] More precisely, the mixtures described in said prior art
document comprise:
[0007] from 60 to 90% by weight of at least one fatty alcohol
having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and preferably from 16 to 18
carbon atoms; and
[0008] from 10 to 40% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside whose
alkyl moiety is preferably identical to that of the fatty
alcohol.
[0009] In Example 2, said document describes the use of a
self-emulsifiable composition essentially consisting of alkyl
polyglycosides and alcohols having 16 and 18 atoms.
[0010] The self-emulsifiable compositions described in the patent
application cited above are marketed under the name Montanov.RTM.
68 and contain a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides whose fatty chains
contain 16 and 18 carbon atoms, and a mixture of fatty alcohols
with the same length of fatty chains.
[0011] Furthermore, patent application WO 95/13863, in the name of
the Applicant, describes compositions, also based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, which are in the form of
concentrates useful especially for the preparation of fluid
emulsions.
[0012] These compositions essentially comprise a mixture of at
least two alkyl polyglycosides which differ in the nature of their
alkyl moiety.
[0013] It is specified that at least one of these alkyl
polyglycosides contains an alkyl chain having from 16 to 22 carbon
atoms and preferably from 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0014] It is also specified that the alkyl polyglycosides
containing an alkyl chain having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms must
represent at least 25% of the mixture of alkyl polyglycosides, and
in all the Examples these alkyl polyglycosides contain 16 or 18
carbon atoms and represent at least 50% by weight of the mixture of
alkyl polyglycosides.
[0015] Furthermore, patent application WO 96/37285, in the name of
the Applicant, also describes compositions based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols; these are useful especially for
obtaining emulsions stable at low temperatures, for example at
temperatures below -20.degree. C.
[0016] These compositions essentially comprise a mixture of at
least three alkyl polyglycosides which differ in the nature of
their alkyl moiety.
[0017] This mixture only contains alkyl polyglycosides having 12,
14, 16 or 18 carbon atoms, it being specified that the alkyl
polyglycosides having 16 and 18 carbon atoms must be present in
this mixture in an amount of at least 20% by weight, based on the
total weight of the mixture of alkyl polyglycosides.
[0018] In all the Examples, the alkyl polyglycosides having 16 and
18 carbon atoms represent more than 60% by weight of the mixture of
alkyl polyglycosides.
[0019] Thus the compositions based on alkyl polyglycosides and
fatty alcohols which have been used hitherto in the state of the
art for the preparation of emulsions are essentially characterized
by the presence, in the mixture of alkyl polyglycosides, of a
relatively large proportion, generally in excess of about 50% by
weight, of alkyl polyglycosides whose alkyl moiety has from 16 to
18 carbon atoms.
[0020] Although such compositions are perfectly satisfactory,
especially in terms of the stability of the emulsions obtainable
therewith, it has been observed that these emulsions are not
entirely satisfactory from the point of view of their texture, and
particularly with regard to sensory evaluation criteria such as
ease of spreading, evanescence, absorption by the skin, and the
presence of residues after spreading.
[0021] Under these conditions, the object of the present invention
is to solve the technical problem which consists in providing novel
compositions for the preparation of emulsions whose textural
properties are significantly improved by comparison with those of
those emulsions obtained from the compositions described in the
state of the art, the content of which was referred to above.
[0022] The solution to this technical problem, according to the
present invention, consists of novel compositions based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, comprising:
[0023] 5 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
essentially consisting of:
[0024] 0 to 20% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (I):
R.sub.1O(G.sub.1).sub.x.sub..sub.1 (I)
[0025] in which R.sub.1 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 16 or 18 carbon atoms, G.sub.1 is a saccharide residue and
x.sub.1 is between 1 and 5;
[0026] 0 to 100% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula
(II):
R.sub.2O(G.sub.2).sub.x.sub..sub.2 (II)
[0027] in which R.sub.2 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 14 carbon atoms, G.sub.2 is a saccharide residue and x.sub.2
is between 1 and 5; and
[0028] 0 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (III):
R.sub.3O(G.sub.3).sub.x.sub..sub.3 (III)
[0029] in which R.sub.3 is a linear or branched aliphatic radical
having 20 or 22 carbon atoms, G.sub.3 is a saccharide residue and
X.sub.3 is between 1 and 5; and
[0030] 95 to 40% by weight of one or more alcohols of the formula
R'OH, in which R' is a linear or branched aliphatic radical having
from 14 to 22 carbon atoms, and preferably of a mixture consisting
of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety
R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides.
[0031] Advantageously the above-mentioned mixture of alcohols
essentially consists of:
[0032] 0 to 20% by weight of at least one alcohol having 16 to 18
carbon atoms;
[0033] 0 to 100% by weight of at least one alcohol having 14 carbon
atoms; and
[0034] 0 to 100% by weight of at least one alcohol having 20 to 22
carbon atoms.
[0035] Such compositions based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty
alcohols therefore differ essentially from the compositions of the
state of the art in their relatively limited content of alkyl
polyglycosides whose alkyl moiety contains 16 or 18 carbon
atoms.
[0036] It has been discovered, totally surprisingly and
unexpectedly, that such compositions make it possible to obtain
emulsions with remarkable textural properties which are of
particular value for their uses in the cosmetics sector.
[0037] A first preferred subfamily of compositions based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols which can be used within the
framework of the present invention consists of compositions in
which the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
essentially consists of:
[0038] 0 to 20% and preferably 0 to 15% by weight of at least one
alkyl poly-glycoside of formula (I) as defined above;
[0039] 0 to 40% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II)
as defined above; and
[0040] 50 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (III) as defined above.
[0041] A second preferred subfamily of compositions based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols which can advantageously be used
within the framework of the present invention consists of
compositions in which the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl
polyglycosides essentially consists of:
[0042] 0 to 20% and preferably 0 to 15% by weight of at least one
alkyl poly-glycoside of formula (I) as defined above;
[0043] 70 to 100% and preferably 90 to 100% by weight of an alkyl
poly-glycoside of formula (II) as defined above; and
[0044] 0 to 30% and preferably 0 to 10% by weight of at least one
alkyl poly-glycoside of formula (III) as defined above.
[0045] The particularly preferred compositions within the framework
of the present invention are those comprising:
[0046] either:
[0047] 8 to 40% by weight and preferably 8 to 30% by weight of the
above-mentioned mixture of alkyl polyglycosides; and
[0048] 92 to 60% by weight and preferably 92 to 70% by weight of
one or more of the above-mentioned alcohols;
[0049] or:
[0050] 10 to 30% by weight and preferably 25% by weight of an alkyl
poly-glycoside of formula (II); and
[0051] 90 to 70% by weight of an alcohol having 14 carbon
atoms;
[0052] or:
[0053] 8 to 25% by weight and preferably 8 to 18% by weight of a
mixture of alkyl polyglycosides essentially consisting of:
[0054] 0 to 15% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (I) as defined above;
[0055] 0 to 25% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II)
as defined in claim 1; and
[0056] 75 to 100% by weight of at least one alkyl polyglycoside of
formula (III) as defined above; and
[0057] 92 to 75% by weight and preferably 92 to 85% by weight of a
mixture consisting of alcohols whose alkyl moiety is identical to
the alkyl moiety R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 of the
above-mentioned alkyl polyglycosides;
[0058] or:
[0059] 10 to 20% by weight of a mixture of alkyl polyglycosides
essentially consisting of:
[0060] 20 to 40% by weight and preferably about 30% by weight of an
alkyl polyglycoside of formula (II) as defined above; and
[0061] 60 to 80% by weight and preferably about 70% by weight of at
least one alkyl polyglycoside of formula (III) as defined above,
preferably an alkyl poly-glycoside having 20 carbon atoms; and
[0062] 80 to 90% by weight of a mixture consisting of alcohols
whose alkyl moiety is identical to the alkyl moiety R.sub.2 and
R.sub.3 of the above-mentioned alkyl polyglycosides.
[0063] As the saccharide residue represented respectively by
G.sub.1, G.sub.2 and G.sub.3, the above-mentioned alkyl
polyglycosides of formulae (I), (II) and (III) can contain a
residue of glucose or dextrose, sucrose, fructose, galactose,
maltose, maltotriose lactose, cellobiose, mannose, ribose, dextran,
talose, allose, xylose, levoglucosan, cellulose or starch.
[0064] Advantageously G.sub.1, G.sub.2 and G.sub.3 are each a
glucose residue.
[0065] It should also be noted that each unit of the polyoside
moiety of the alkyl polyglycoside can be in the .alpha. or .beta.
anomeric form and in the L or D form, and the configuration of the
saccharide residue can be of the furanoside or pyranoside type.
[0066] The indices x.sub.1, x.sub.2 and X.sub.3 represent the mean
degree of polymerization of the saccharide residue. These indices
will preferably represent a number between 1.05 and 2.5 and
particularly preferably between 1.1 and 2.
[0067] The expression "alkyl polyglycoside" used within the
framework of the present invention therefore arbitrarily denotes
alkyl monoosides (degree of polymerization equal to 1) or alkyl
polyglycosides (degree of polymerization greater than 1).
[0068] The alkyl polyglycosides of formulae (I), (II) and (III) are
compounds whose alkyl radicals have chains of determinate length.
However, these compounds can also contain minor proportions of
compounds of the same type whose alkyl radicals have a longer
and/or shorter chain, such compounds originating especially from
the fatty alcohols, generally of natural or synthetic origin, used
as starting materials for the synthesis of these alkyl
polyglycosides.
[0069] The expression "essentially consisting of", used within the
framework of the present patent application and the claims in order
to characterize the above-mentioned mixture of alkyl
polyglycosides, must therefore be understood not to exclude the
presence, in the mixture of alkyl polyglycosides, of compounds
whose alkyl radicals have 10, 12 or 24 carbon atoms, in a maximum
cumulative amount of 10% by weight and preferably 5% by weight,
based on the total weight of the mixture of alkyl
polyglycosides.
[0070] The compositions according to the present invention based on
alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols can be prepared simply by
mixing their constituents in desired predetermined proportions.
[0071] On the industrial scale they will preferably be prepared by
one of the two methods conventionally used for the synthesis of
alkyl polyglycosides, for example by reacting a fatty alcohol with
a saccharide containing an anomeric OH, such as glucose or
dextrose, in an acid medium.
[0072] Such methods of synthesis are well known and have been
described in numerous documents, particularly in the Applicant's
documents referred to above.
[0073] If necessary, this synthesis may be completed with
operations involving neutralization, filtration, partial
distillation of the excess fatty alcohol, or decolorization.
[0074] The compositions according to the present invention based on
alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols can be used as the main
emulsifier for the preparation of a variety of emulsions.
[0075] Thus, according to a second aspect, the present patent
application aims to cover emulsions comprising at least an aqueous
phase and an oily phase and, as the main emulsifier, a composition
based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, as defined
above.
[0076] In general terms, such an emulsion will comprise from 1 to
25% by weight and preferably from 1 to 10% by weight of the
above-mentioned emulsifying composition.
[0077] The oily phase forming part of the emulsion can consist of
the fatty alcohol or fatty alcohols forming part of the emulsifying
composition of the invention, without it being necessary to use
another oil. More generally, however, an oil selected from the
following will be used:
[0078] oils of vegetable origin, such as sweet-almond oil, copra
oil, castor oil, jojoba oil, olive oil, colza oil, groundnut oil,
sunflower oil, wheat germ oil, maize germ oil, soya oil, cottonseed
oil, lucerne oil, poppy oil, pumpkin oil, evening primrose oil,
millet oil, barley oil, rye oil, safflower oil, candlenut oil,
passiflora oil, hazelnut oil, palm oil, shea butter, apricot kernel
oil, calophyllum oil, sysymbrium oil and avocado oil;
[0079] modified vegetable oils such as the products known by the
INCI names Apricot Kernel Oil PEG-6 esters and Olive Oil PEG-6
esters;
[0080] oils of natural origin, such as perhydrosqualene and
squalene;
[0081] mineral oils such as paraffin oil or vaseline oil; and
mineral oils originating especially from petroleum cuts, such as
isoparaffins with boiling points of between 300 and 400.degree. C.;
and
[0082] synthetic oils, especially fatty acid esters such as butyl
myristate, propyl myristate, cetyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate,
butyl stearate, hexadecyl stearate, isopropyl stearate, octyl
stearate, isocetyl stearate, dodecyl oleate, hexyl laurate and
propylene glycol dicaprylate; esters derived from lanolic acid,
such as isopropyl lanolate and isocetyl lanolate; triglycerides
such as glycerol triheptanoate; alkyl benzoates; isoparaffins;
polyalphaolefins; polyolefins; synthetic isoalkanes such as
isohexadecane and isododecane; and silicone oils. Among the latter,
there may be mentioned more particularly dimethylpolysiloxanes,
methylphenylpolysiloxanes, silicones modified by amines, silicones
modified by fatty acids, silicones modified by alcohols, silicones
modified by alcohols and fatty acids, silicones modified by
polyether groups, epoxy-modified silicones, silicones modified by
fluorinated groups, cyclic silicones and silicones modified by
alkyl groups.
[0083] In general terms, the emulsions according to the present
invention will comprise up to 50% by weight of oily phase as
defined above.
[0084] These emulsions can be prepared simply by dispersing a fatty
phase, consisting of the above-mentioned emulsifying composition
and optionally one or more oils as described above, in a
hydrophilic phase, generally water or a hydrophilic solvent.
[0085] The dispersion process can be carried out hot or cold,
depending on the melting point of the emulsifying composition, it
being necessary for all the constituents to be liquid at the time
of mixing.
[0086] The emulsions obtained in this way differ from those which
can be obtained from the emulsifying compositions of the state of
the art in that they have remarkable textural properties and
sensory characteristics, as will be demonstrated below.
[0087] These emulsions can also comprise a complementary emulsifier
in an amount such that the total amount of emulsifiers in the
emulsion is less than or equal to 25% by weight.
[0088] It has in fact been found, surprisingly, that the
emulsifying compositions according to the present invention based
on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols potentiate the
emulsifying properties of a number of traditional emulsifiers,
particularly those of non-ionic or anionic type, while at the same
time conferring remarkable textural properties and sensory
characteristics, on the emulsions obtained from these mixtures of
emulsifiers.
[0089] A non-ionic complementary emulsifier can be for example an
ethoxylated alcohol, an ethoxylated fatty acid, a glycerol ester,
an ethoxylated glycerol ester, a sorbitan ester, a polysorbate, a
polyglycerol ester, a sucrose ester, an alkyl glucose ester, an
ethoxylated alkyl glucose ester or a dimethicone copolyol.
[0090] An anionic complementary emulsifier can be for example an
alkylsulfate, an alkylphosphate, a phosphated ethoxylated alcohol,
a sulfated ethoxylated alcohol, a fatty acid soap, an acylate or a
dimethicone copolyol phosphate.
[0091] The emulsifying compositions according to the present
invention based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols can also
be used for the preparation of fluid emulsions. In this case, a
particular complementary emulsifier or co-emulsifier, selected from
ethoxylated vegetable oils and ethoxylated methyl esters of
vegetable oils, will be used.
[0092] In general terms, the total amount of emulsifiers in the
emulsion will be less than or equal to 25% by weight and the weight
ratio of the main emulsifier, consisting of the mixture of alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, to the co-emulsifier will be
between 98:2 and 20:80.
[0093] It has in fact been discovered, totally unexpectedly, that
in contrast to the compositions of the state of the art based on
alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, these novel emulsifying
compositions of the invention, when associated with a secondary
emulsifier selected from ethoxylated vegetable oils and ethoxylated
methyl esters of vegetable oils, make it possible to formulate
fluid emulsions whose viscosity depends little on the nature of the
emulsified oil; this applies to a very wide diversity of oils,
without it being necessary in each case to adjust the ratio of the
composition based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols (main
emulsifier) to the secondary emulsifier.
[0094] An ethoxylated vegetable oil which can be used within the
framework of the invention can be for example an ethoxylated maize
oil, an ethoxylated apricot kernel oil, an ethoxylated sunflower
oil, an ethoxylated colza oil, an ethoxylated jojoba oil, an
ethoxylated grapeseed oil or an ethoxylated linseed oil.
[0095] An ethoxylated methyl ester of a vegetable oil can be for
example an ethoxylated methyl ester of maize oil, an ethoxylated
methyl ester of sunflower oil, an ethoxylated methyl ester of colza
or an ethoxylated methyl ester of linseed.
[0096] It has furthermore been discovered, totally unexpectedly,
that the emulsifying compositions of the invention, when associated
with one or more alkyl polyglycosides having 8 to 12 carbon atoms
(forming a co-surfactant), make it possible to formulate fluid
emulsions whose viscosity depends little on the nature of the
emulsified oil; this applies to a very wide diversity of oils,
without it being necessary in each case to adjust the ratio of the
composition based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols to the
co-surfactant.
[0097] Thus the present invention covers emulsions which also
comprise a co-surfactant selected from alkyl polyglycosides having
from 8 to 12 carbon atoms, in an amount such that the total amount
of emulsifier and co-surfactant is less than or equal to 25% by
weight, the weight ratio of the emulsifier to the above-mentioned
co-surfactant being between 99:1 and 60:40.
[0098] The surfactant is advantageously an alkyl polyglycoside
having 12 carbon atoms.
[0099] The emulsions obtained within the framework of the present
invention (with or without complementary emulsifiers) are generally
stable for at least 24 h at room temperature.
[0100] It has also been found that the stability of these emulsions
can be considerably enhanced by adding to the emulsion synthetic
polymers or natural hydrocolloids normally used in cosmetics.
[0101] Such agents capable of enhancing the stability of the
emulsions will generally be used in an amount of about 0.1 to 5% by
weight, based on the weight of the emulsion.
[0102] The polymers and hydrocolloids which can be used to
stabilize the emulsions based on compositions according to the
present invention of alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols can be
selected for example from:
[0103] crosslinked or non-crosslinked acrylic or methacrylic
polymers and copolymers such as carbomer, acrylate/steareth-20
methacrylate copolymers, crosslinked acrylate/C.sub.10-30-alkyl
acrylate polymers, polyglyceryl acrylate, poly-glyceryl
methacrylate and sodium polyacrylate;
[0104] polymers and copolymers derived from styrene or vinyl, such
as sodium polystyrenesulfonate or a crosslinked PVM/MA(polyvinyl
methyl ether/maleic anhydride)/decadiene polymer;
[0105] polymers and copolymers derived from acrylamide, such as the
product known under the name
polyacrylamide/C.sub.13-14-isoparaffin/laure- th-7;
[0106] gums of natural origin, such as xanthan gum, sclerotium gum,
alginates, carrageenates, glucomannans and karaya gum;
[0107] cellulosic polymers and derivatives thereof, such as
microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl
cellulose, hydroxyethyi cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and
hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; and
[0108] mineral compounds such as bentonites, smectites and
magnesium and/or aluminum silicates.
[0109] The invention will be illustrated in greater detail by the
following Examples, which are given solely by way of
illustration.
EXAMPLE 1
[0110] Process for the Preparation of a Composition According to
the Invention Based on Alkyl Polyglycosides and Fatty Alcohols
[0111] A substantially pure C.sub.14 cut of fatty alcohols is
introduced into a multi-purpose reactor.
[0112] Glucose is also introduced into the reactor so that the
molar ratio of fatty alcohol to glucose is 6/1.
[0113] The glucose is then reacted with the fatty alcohol for 5
hours at a temperature of between 100 and 105.degree. C., in the
presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst.
[0114] The reaction is carried out under a partial vacuum of 15 mm
of mercury.
[0115] After the reaction, the catalyst is neutralized with a
base.
[0116] The composition obtained comprises:
[0117] 75.5% of free C.sub.14 fatty alcohol
[0118] and 24.5% of C.sub.14 alkyl glycosides.
EXAMPLES 2 TO 7
[0119] Six other compositions according to the invention based on
alkyl poly-glycosides and fatty alcohols were prepared in order to
study especially the influence of the nature of the mixture of
alkyl polyglycosides on the properties obtained.
[0120] The compositions of Examples 2, 3, 4 and 6 were prepared by
following the experimental protocol described in Example 1.
[0121] The compositions by weight of the cuts of fatty alcohols
used as starting materials have been given in Table I below.
[0122] The composition of Example 5 was obtained by mixing the
compositions of Examples 1 and 3 in respective proportions of 30%
and 70% by weight, at 80.degree. C.
[0123] The composition of Example 7 was obtained by mixing the
compositions of Examples 1 and 2 in respective proportions of 5%
and 95% by weight, at 80.degree. C.
[0124] The resulting compositions of the mixtures of alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols have been given in Table II
below.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 TO 3
[0125] To demonstrate the particular properties of the compositions
according to the present invention based on alkyl polyglycosides
and fatty alcohols, three compositions were prepared as Comparative
Examples.
[0126] The composition of Comparative Example 1 corresponds to the
composition described in Example I of the document WO 92/06778.
[0127] The composition of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by
following the experimental protocol described in Example 1, the cut
of fatty alcohols used as the starting material having the
composition given in Table I below.
[0128] The composition of Comparative Example 3 corresponds to the
composition of Example 1 of the document WO 95/13863.
[0129] The compositions of the mixtures of Comparative Examples 1
to 3 have been collated in Table II below.
1 TABLE I EXAMPLE ACCORDING COMPARATIVE TO THE INVENTION EXAMPLE 1
2 3 4 6 1 2 3 C.sub.12 alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 C.sub.14 alcohol
100 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 C.sub.16 alcohol 0 0.3 0 0 0 100 0 17 C.sub.18
alcohol 0 5.3 0 11.3 0 46.4 35 C.sub.20 alcohol 0 62.8 100 13.5 0 0
14.9 0 C.sub.22 alcohol 0 31.6 0 75.2 100 0 38.7 0
[0130]
2 TABLE II COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION EXAMPLE 1
2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 C.sub.12 alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 C.sub.14
alcohol 75.5 0 0 0 22.65 0 3.75 0 0 1.6 C.sub.16 alcohol 0 0.1 0 0
0 0 0.10 0 0 4.5 C.sub.18 alcohol 0 4.3 0 10.3 0 0 4.10 87.2 38.8
27.9 C.sub.20 alcohol 0 54.5 85 12 59.5 0 51.70 10.6 0 C.sub.22
alcohol 0 25.9 0 64.3 0 92 24.60 0 35.1 0 C.sub.12 APG 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 14.4 C.sub.14 APG 24.5 0 0 0 7.35 0 1.30 0 0 18.9 C.sub.16
APG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.2 0 10.9 C.sub.18 APG 0 0.8 0 1.5 0 0 0.75 7.2
21.5 C.sub.20 APG 0 9.6 15 1.8 10.5 0 9.15 0 2.3 0 C.sub.22 APG 0
4.8 0 10.1 0 8 4.55 0 6 0
EXAMPLE 8
[0131] Process for the Preparation of Emulsions from an Emulsifying
Composition According to the Invention or an Emulsifying
Composition According to the State of the Art
[0132] Various emulsions were prepared with the compositions of
Examples 1 to 7 and the compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to
3.
[0133] These emulsions were prepared as follows:
[0134] A mixture consisting of an emulsifying composition, an oily
phase and optionally a co-emulsifier or a co-surfactant is heated
to a temperature above the melting point of the alkyl polyglycoside
composition to give a liquid mixture.
[0135] The aqueous phase or a polar solvent is heated to the same
temperature.
[0136] The two phases (oily and aqueous) are then homogenized by
means of a Silverson apparatus, for example for a period of 3 to 6
min at 4000 rpm.
[0137] The emulsions are then cooled to room temperature, with slow
stirring using an agitator of the anchor type.
[0138] Demonstration of the Textural Properties of the Emulsions
Obtained by Using the Compositions According to the Invention,
Compared with the Compositions of the State of the Art
[0139] Study No. 1
[0140] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
various emulsions were prepared from the compositions according to
the invention described in Examples 1 to 6 and from the
compositions of the state of the art described in Comparative
Examples 1 to 3.
[0141] These emulsions have the following compositions:
3 emulsifying compositions according to the invention 5%, or
according to a Comparative Example: oil (cetearyl octanoate): 20%,
water: 75%.
[0142] The properties of the emulsions produced were evaluated by a
panel of 6 experienced persons. The texture of the emulsions
produced is evaluated by spreading about 0.2 g of emulsion over the
back of the hand. In this first study, the evaluated criteria are
not differentiated but estimated overall by means of a quantitative
score for the texture on the following scale of 0 to 3:
4 1
[0143] The results obtained are collated in Table III.
5 TABLE III EMULSION SCORE Example 1 1.9 Example 2 1.8 Example 3
2.0 Example 4 1.6 Example 5 2.2 Example 6 2.6 Comparative Example 1
0 Comparative Example 2 1.0 Comparative Example 3 0
[0144] Given that the coefficient of variation of the responses
obtained was at most 20%, there is a significant difference between
the emulsions obtained with the compositions of Examples 1 to 6
(score.gtoreq.2.0) and the emulsions obtained with the compositions
of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 (score.ltoreq.1.0).
[0145] Study No. 2
[0146] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
various emulsions were prepared from the compositions according to
the invention described in Examples 2 and 3 and from the
compositions of the state of the art described in Comparative
Example 1.
[0147] These emulsions have the following compositions:
6 emulsifying composition according to the invention 5%, or
according to a Comparative Example: oil (isononyl isononanoate):
20%, water: qsp 100%, carbomer 940: qs*, trometamol: qs pH 7.
[0148] This study was conducted by a panel of 32 experienced
persons. For each emulsion studied, each volunteer on the panel
ticked those of the following sensory descriptors which he
considered to be most representative of the emulsion tested:
[0149] soaping,
[0150] difficulty of spreading,
[0151] softness,
[0152] silkiness,
[0153] richness,
[0154] evanescence.
[0155] A texture profile of each of the emulsions can be determined
from the frequency of use of the descriptors. The emulsions
obtained with the compositions of Examples 2 and 3 are
significantly different from the emulsion obtained with the
composition of Comparative Example 1, as shown in Table IV
below.
7TABLE IV Frequency of response Comparative Example 1 Example 3
Example 2 soaping 4.4 3.1 1.3 difficulty of spreading 7.5 3.8 3.1
softness 7.2 5.0 5.0 silkiness 4.7 2.8 2.2 richness 3.8 2.2 3.4
evanescence 2.5 5.6 6.3
[0156] The emulsions obtained from the compositions of Examples 2
and 3 are less soapy (i.e. better absorbed by the skin), more
evanescent and easier to spread and leave less residues (less soft,
less silky and less rich).
[0157] Study No. 3
[0158] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
various emulsions were prepared from the compositions according to
the invention described in Examples 1 to 6 and from the
compositions of the state of the art described in Comparative
Examples 1 to 3.
[0159] These emulsions have the following compositions:
8 emulsifying composition according to the invention 5%, or
according to a Comparative Example: oil (copra caprylate/caprate):
20%, water: qsp 100%,
polyacrylamide/C.sub.13-14-isoparaffin/laureth-7 qs*. *This polymer
is added after emulsification, if necessary, in a sufficient amount
for:
[0160] the viscosity of the emulsions to correspond to a value of
5000 mPa.s (measured on a BROOKFIELD LVT, no. 3 spindle, 6 rpm, 24
h after manufacture of the emulsion), in order to improve the feel
of the emulsion,
[0161] the stability of the emulsion to be perfect throughout the
tests.
[0162] This study was conducted by a panel of 12 experienced
persons. For each emulsion tested, each of the following
descriptors was scored quantitatively from 0 to 10:
[0163] fluidity,
[0164] freshness,
[0165] rapidity of absorption,
[0166] residue,
[0167] greasiness,
[0168] soaping,
[0169] richness.
[0170] The results obtained are reported in Table V below.
9TABLE V SENSORY PROFILE OF APG EMULSIONS Rapidity DESCRIP- Rich-
Soap- Greasi- Resi- of Fresh- Flu- TOR ness ing ness due absorption
ness idity Example 2 3 0 0 0 10 10 8 Example 1 4 2 4 2 8 8 5
Example 5 4 4 6 4 6 8 5 Comparative 10 8 9 10 1 3 0 Example 1
Comparative 9 10 8 10 4 2 5 Example 3
[0171] A significant finding is that the emulsions obtained from
the compositions of Examples 1, 2 and 5 are characterized by their
fluidity, their freshness and their rapidity of absorption, whereas
the emulsions prepared from the compositions of Comparative
Examples 1 and 3 are characterized by their richness, the soaping
on application and the feeling of greasiness and residues they
leave on the skin.
[0172] Examples of Fluid Emulsions Obtainable from the Emulsifying
Compositions According to the Invention and Properties of these
Fluid Emulsions
[0173] Within the framework of the present patent application and
the claims, "fluid emulsion" is understood as meaning an emulsion
which begins to flow through a 6 mm ISO 2 431 flow cup less than 5
s after removal of the plug (test according to international
standard ISO 2 431).
[0174] Fluid emulsions which may be mentioned in particular are
milks, especially milks of the oil-in-water type, for use in
cosmetics or hygiene, such as make-up remover milks, body milks or
sun milks.
[0175] Fluid emulsions are also used in the pharmaceutical or
veterinary sector.
[0176] The following study made it possible to show that the
emulsifying compositions according to the invention based on alkyl
polyglycosides and fatty alcohols very easily form fluid emulsions
stable for at least one week at room temperature when said
compositions are used as the main emulsifier in association with a
co-emulsifier selected from an ethoxylated vegetable oil and an
ethoxylated methyl ester of a vegetable oil.
[0177] The novelty of the emulsifying compositions according to the
invention, compared with the emulsifying compositions of the state
of the art based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols, is in
the fact that they enable stable fluid emulsions to be formulated
whose viscosity depends little on the nature of the emulsified
oil.
[0178] Moreover, it is possible to use a single ratio of main
emulsifier (alkyl polyglycoside and fatty alcohol) to secondary
emulsifier or co-emulsifier (ethoxylated vegetable oil or
ethoxylated methyl ester of vegetable oil) for emulsifying a very
wide diversity of oils.
[0179] Study No. 1
[0180] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
various emulsions were prepared from a composition according to the
invention and a co-emulsifier consisting of an apricot kernel oil
ethoxylated with 40 mol of EO.
[0181] These emulsions have the following compositions:
10 emulsifying composition according to the invention: 2.7%,
co-emulsifier (apricot kernel oil ethoxylated with 0.3%, 40 mol of
EO): oil: 10%, water: 87%.
[0182] Fluid emulsions stable for at least one week at room
temperature were thus obtained by using various emulsifying
compositions according to the invention and the following oils:
cetearyl octanoate, sweet-almond oil, isododecane, isononyl
isononanoate, triheptanoin, copra caprylate/caprate, diisopropyl
dimer dilinoleate, glycerol caprylate/caprate, squalane,
dimethicone, jojoba oil and safflower oil.
[0183] It was also observed that, for the same ratio of main
emulsifier to co-emulsifier, it was possible to obtain fluid
emulsions for this wide variety of oils, their viscosity depending
little on the nature of the oil and always being below 10,000
mPa.s, as shown in Table VI below.
11TABLE VI BROOKFIELD DV viscosity no. 3 or 4 spindle 6 rpm
measured at room temperature 24 h Oil after manufacture of the
emulsion cetearyl octanoate 4000 mPa.s sweet-almond oil 3000 mPa.s
isododecane 5700 mPa.s isononyl isononanoate 2500 mPa.s
triheptanoin 4700 mPa.s copra caprylate/caprate 4300 mPa.s
diisopropyl dimer dilinoleate 4900 mPa.s glycerol caprylate/caprate
3300 mPa.s squalane 4600 mPa.s dimethicone 1700 mPa.s jojoba oil
3800 mPa.s safflower oil 2800 mPa.s
[0184] Emulsions prepared from the emulsifying compositions of
Comparative Examples 1 and 3 and a co-emulsifier consisting of an
ethoxylated apricot kernel oil (40 mol of EO) or ethoxylated maize
oil (40 mol of EO), in the same relative proportions as those of
the emulsions prepared above, were found to be fluid but unstable
for the oils tested above.
[0185] Use of the Compositions According to the Invention Based on
Alkyl Polyglycosides and Fatty Alcohols for the Formulation of
Emulsions for Cosmetic, Pharmaceutical or Veterinary Use, in
Association with Traditional Emulsifying Systems
[0186] The studies conducted showed that the compositions according
to the present invention based on alkyl polyglycosides and fatty
alcohols potentiate the emulsifying properties of the traditional
emulsifying systems and make it possible to obtain emulsions with
improved textural properties and sensory characteristics.
[0187] Study No. 1
[0188] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
various emulsions were prepared from the compositions according to
the invention described in Examples 1 and 2 and a co-emulsifier
consisting of a traditional PEG-100 stearate/glyceryl stearate
system.
[0189] Three types of formulation (designated I, II and III
respectively) were studied for three types of oils (paraffin oil,
cetearyl octanoate, C.sub.8-C.sub.10 triglycerides).
[0190] Table VII below gives the compositions of the formulations
studied.
[0191] The stability of the emulsions prepared in this way was
measured and the results obtained have been collated in Table
VIII.
[0192] As can be seen from this Table, the use of an emulsifying
composition according to Example 1 makes it possible to stabilize
the emulsion obtained for each of the three types of oils
studied.
12TABLE VII FORMULATION I II III Co-emulsifier (PEG-100 stearate/
3% 3% 5% glyceryl stearate) Emulsifier of the invention -- 2% --
(Example 1) Oil 10% 10% 10% Water qsp 100% qsp 100% qsp 100%
[0193]
13TABLE VIII Cetearyl C.sub.8-C.sub.10 Oil Paraffin oil octanoate
triglyceride I unstable on D1 unstable on D1 unstable on D1 II
stable after 1 month stable after 1 month stable after 1 month III
unstable on D1 unstable on D1 unstable on D1
[0194] Study No. 2
[0195] A study similar to the previous one was conducted, the
emulsifying composition of Example 1 being replaced, in the
emulsion, with an emulsifying composition according to Example
2.
[0196] The compositions of the formulations studied are given in
Table IX, the results of the stability studies being given in Table
X.
14TABLE IX FORMULATION I II III IV Co-emulsifier (PEG-100 3% 2% 3%
5% stearate/glyceryl stearate) Emulsifier of the -- 3% 2% --
invention (Example 2) Oil 10% 10% 10% 20% Water qsp qsp qsp qsp
100% 100% 100% 100%
[0197]
15TABLE X Oil I II III IV Paraffin oil unstable on stable after
stable after unstable on D1 3 months 3 months D1 Cetearyl unstable
on stable after stable after unstable on octanoate D1 3 months 3
months D1 Sweet-almond unstable on stable after stable after
unstable on oil D1 3 months 3 months D1 Dimethicone unstable on
stable after stable after unstable on D1 3 months 3 months D1
C.sub.8-C.sub.10 unstable on stable after stable after unstable on
triglyceride D1 3 months 3 months D1
[0198] Study No. 3
[0199] In this study, which was similar to study no. 1, the
emulsifying system used consisted of a composition according to the
invention of Example 1 and a co-emulsifying system consisting of
sorbitan stearate and polysorbate 60.
[0200] The compositions of the formulations studied are given in
Table XI, the results of the stability studies being given in Table
XII.
16 TABLE XI I II Sorbitan stearate x x Polysorbate 60 y y
Emulsifier of the -- 2% invention (Example 1) Oil 10% 10% Water qsp
qsp 100% 100% Oils studied: paraffin oil: x = 1.2 and y = 1.8
(corresponding to the optimal ratio for the oil in question)
cetearyl octanoate: x = 1.6 and y = 1.4 (corresponding to the
optimal ratio for the oil in question) C.sub.8-C.sub.10
triglyceride: x = 1.5 and y = 1.5 (corresponding to the optimal
ratio for the oil in question)
[0201]
17TABLE XII OIL I II Paraffin oil phase separation after 1 month
stable after 3 months fluid formulation light, silky and evanescent
no texture texture Cetearyl phase separation after 7 days stable
after 3 months octanoate fluid formulation light, silky and
evanescent no texture texture C.sub.8-C.sub.10 phase separation
after 1 day stable after 3 months triglyceride fluid formulation
light, silky and evanescent no texture texture
[0202] Example of Fluid Emulsions Obtainable from the Compositions
According to the Invention Based on Alkyl Polyglycosides and Fatty
Alcohols, and One or More Alkyl Polyglycosides Having 8 to 12
Carbon Atoms
[0203] Study No. 1
[0204] Following the experimental protocol described in Example 8,
three emulsions were prepared from the composition described in
Example 7 and, as co-surfactant, an APG having 12 carbon atoms.
18 These emulsions have the following compositions: Emulsifying
composition according to Example 7: 2.7%, Co-surfactant (C.sub.12
APG): 0.3%, Oil: 10%, Polymer
(polyacrylamide/C.sub.13-C.sub.14-isoparaffin/laureth-7): 0.5%,
Water: qsp 100%.
[0205] Fluid emulsions stable for at least 1 week at room
temperature were thus obtained by using the various oils below:
[0206] cetearyl octanoate
[0207] C.sub.8-C.sub.10 triglyceride
[0208] paraffin oil
* * * * *