U.S. patent application number 10/061448 was filed with the patent office on 2002-10-31 for twist drill for drilling having a replaceable drill tip, and a replaceable drill tip for use in a twist drill.
Invention is credited to Krenzer, Ulrich.
Application Number | 20020159851 10/061448 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 7917077 |
Filed Date | 2002-10-31 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020159851 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Krenzer, Ulrich |
October 31, 2002 |
Twist drill for drilling having a replaceable drill tip, and a
replaceable drill tip for use in a twist drill
Abstract
A twist drill, having a replaceable drill tip, comprising a
drill bit shaft (1), a cutting insert (2) which is detachably fixed
thereto and which forms the tip area of the twist drill, and
comprises a flute (3) that continues into the cutting insert (2).
The cutting insert rests, with a bearing surface (6) extending
orthogonal to the center longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit, on
the face (7) of the drill bit shaft (1) and extends with a fixing
stud (9), which centrally protrudes from the bearing surface (6),
into a receiving recess (10) which is configured complementary
thereto and which is provided in the face (7) of the drill bit
shaft (1). At least one peripheral section (13) of the fixing stud
(9) comprises a first longitudinal section (15) that, with a screw
surface (16) which points away from the drill bit shaft (1), which
slopes upward to the drill bit tip (5) in a direction of rotation
of the drill bit, and which interacts with an opposite surface (19)
on the inner wall (14) of the receiving recess (10), merges into a
second longitudinal section (17).
Inventors: |
Krenzer, Ulrich; (Zirndorf,
DE) |
Correspondence
Address: |
NILS H. LJUNGMAN
NILS H. LJUNGMAN & ASSOCIATES
P.O. BOX 130
GREENSBURG
PA
15601-0130
US
|
Family ID: |
7917077 |
Appl. No.: |
10/061448 |
Filed: |
February 1, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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10061448 |
Feb 1, 2002 |
|
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PCT/EP00/04851 |
May 27, 2000 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
408/230 ;
408/144; 408/233; 408/713; 76/108.1; 76/108.6 |
Current CPC
Class: |
Y10T 408/78 20150115;
Y10T 408/907 20150115; Y10T 408/9097 20150115; B23B 2251/02
20130101; B23B 51/02 20130101; Y10S 408/713 20130101; Y10T
408/90993 20150115 |
Class at
Publication: |
408/230 ;
76/108.6; 76/108.1; 408/144; 408/233; 408/713 |
International
Class: |
B23B 051/02; B21K
005/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Aug 3, 1999 |
DE |
199 36 579.2 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A twist drill comprising: a shaft comprising a first end and a
second end disposed opposite said first end; said first end of said
shaft comprising a shank portion being configured to be inserted
into and held by a chuck; a replaceable drilling insert being
removably attached to said second end of said shaft; said drilling
insert comprising a drill tip being configured to cut an object; at
least a first chip flute and a second chip flute; each of said
first and second chip flutes comprising a first chip flute portion
disposed on said shaft and a second chip flute portion disposed on
said drilling insert; said second end of said shaft comprising a
recess; said recess comprising a bottom wall and at least one side
wall disposed between said bottom wall and said end face; said
drilling insert comprising a fixing stud; said fixing stud being
configured and disposed to be inserted into said recess to
removably attach said drilling insert to said shaft; said drilling
insert comprising a bearing surface disposed about said fixing
stud; said shaft comprising an end face disposed about said recess;
said drilling insert bearing surface being complementary to said
shaft end face and being configured and disposed to contact and
rest against said shaft end face; said fixing stud comprising at
least one projection; said at least one projection being in the
shape of a portion of a screw thread and being configured to slope
away from said shaft toward said drill tip in the manner of a screw
thread; said at least one projection being disposed to run
substantially less than 180 degrees around a section of the
perimeter of said fixing stud from said first chip flute to said
second chip flute; said at least one side wall comprising a grooved
portion; the shape of said grooved portion of said recess being
complementary to the shape of said at least one projection of said
fixing stud; said grooved portion being disposed to run
substantially less than 180 degrees around a section of said at
least one side wall from said first chip flute to said second chip
flute; said drilling insert being configured to be rotated, upon
insertion into said recess, substantially less than 180 degrees to
engage said grooved portion, in a screwing motion, with said at
least one projection to screw said drilling insert into said recess
to tighten and sufficiently firmly seat said drilling insert in
said recess to prepare the twist drill for drilling; and said
fixing stud comprising a first portion being disposed substantially
transverse to said bearing surface and between said bearing surface
and said at least one projection.
2. A drill comprising: a shaft; a replaceable drilling insert being
removably attached to said shaft; said drilling insert comprising a
drill tip being configured to cut an object; at least one chip
flute; said at least one chip flute comprising a first chip flute
portion disposed on said shaft and a second chip flute portion
disposed on said drilling insert; said shaft comprising a recess
configured and disposed to receive said drilling insert and to hold
said drilling insert during drilling; said drilling insert
comprising an extending portion being configured and disposed to
extend into said recess of said shaft; said extending portion
comprising at least one projection; said at least one projection
being in the shape of a portion of a screw thread and being
disposed to run less than 180 degrees around a section of the
perimeter of said extending portion; said recess of said shaft
comprising at least one grooved portion; said grooved portion being
disposed to run less than 180 degrees around a section of the
interior of said recess and being configured to be engaged by said
at least one projection; and said drilling insert and said shaft
each being configured to be relatively rotated, upon insertion of
said drilling insert into said recess, substantially less than 180
degrees to engage said grooved portion, in a screwing motion, with
said at least one projection to screw together said drilling insert
and said shaft to tighten and sufficiently firmly seat said
drilling insert in said recess to prepare the drill for
drilling.
3. A replaceable drill insert configured to be removably attached
to a drill shaft, said drill insert comprising: a drill tip being
configured to cut an object; an extending portion being configured
to extend into a recess in a drill shaft to removably attach said
drill insert to a drill shaft and to hold said drill insert in a
drill shaft during drilling; said extending portion comprising at
least one projection; said at least one projection being in the
shape of a portion of a screw thread and being disposed to run less
than 360 degrees around a section of the perimeter of said
extending portion; said at least one projection being configured to
project into and engage a grooved portion in a recess in a drill
shaft; and said drill insert being configured to be relatively
rotated with a drill shaft, upon insertion of said drill insert
into a recess in a drill shaft, less than 360 degrees to engage a
grooved portion of a recess in a drill shaft with said at least one
projection to screw together said drill insert and a drill shaft to
tighten and sufficiently firmly seat said drill insert in a drill
shaft to prepare a drill for drilling.
4. A method of using a drill with a replaceable drill insert, said
drill insert comprising: a drill tip being configured to cut an
object; an extending portion being configured to extend into a
recess in a drill shaft to removably attach said drill insert to a
drill shaft and to hold said drill insert in a drill shaft during
drilling; said extending portion comprising at least one
projection; said at least one projection being in the shape of a
portion of a screw thread and being disposed to run less than 360
degrees around a section of the perimeter of said extending
portion; said at least one projection being configured to project
into and engage a grooved portion in a recess in a drill shaft; and
said drill insert being configured to be relatively rotated with a
drill shaft, upon insertion of said drill insert into a recess in a
drill shaft, less than 360 degrees to engage a grooved portion of a
recess in a drill shaft with said at least one projection to screw
together said drill insert and a drill shaft to tighten and
sufficiently firmly seat said drill insert in a drill shaft to
prepare a drill for drilling; said method comprising the steps of:
inserting said drill insert into a recess in a drill shaft;
aligning said at least one projection with a grooved portion in a
recess in a drill shaft; relatively rotating said drill insert and
a drill shaft less than 180 degrees to engage a grooved portion of
the drill shaft with said at least one projection to screw together
said drill insert and the drill shaft to tighten and sufficiently
firmly seat said drill insert in the drill shaft to prepare a drill
for drilling; removing said drill insert from a drill shaft by
unscrewing said drill insert upon said drill insert being
substantially worn as a result of drilling; inserting a new drill
insert into a recess in a drill shaft; aligning at least one
projection of said new drill insert with a grooved portion in a
recess in a drill shaft; and relatively rotating said new drill
insert and a drill shaft less than 180 degrees to engage a grooved
portion of the drill shaft with said at least one projection of
said new drill insert to screw together said new drill insert and
the drill shaft to tighten and sufficiently firmly seat said new
drill insert in the drill shaft to prepare a drill for
drilling.
5. Drill bit with a drill bit shaft (1) and a cutting insert that
forms the tip area of the drill bit and is detachable fixed to the
drill bit shaft, and at least one chip flute (3) that is located in
the drill bit shaft (1) and extends into the cutting insert (2),
whereby the cutting insert is in contact with a bearing surface (6)
on the face (7) of the frill shaft (1) and extends with a fixing
stud (9) that projects centrally from the bearing surface (6) into
a receiving recess (10) which is configured complementary thereto
in the face (7) of the drill shaft (1), characterized by the fact
that at least one peripheral segment (13) of the fixing stud (9)
has a first longitudinal segment (15) which with a screw surface
(16) that points away from the drill shaft (1), slopes upward in
the direction of rotation (18) of the drill bit toward the drill
bit tip (5) and interacts with an opposite surface (19) on the
inner wall (14) of the receiving recess (10), merges into a second
longitudinal section (17).
6. Drill bit as claimed in claim 5, characterized by the fact that
the second longitudinal segment (17) tapers toward its free
end.
7. Drill bit as claimed in claim 6, characterized by a first stud
segment (22) forming the free end with a cylindrical peripheral
surface, and a second segment (21) that has a conical peripheral
surface and extends to the screw surface (16).
8. Drill bit as claimed in claim 5, characterized by a rotation
stop (25) that projects from the face (7) of the drill shaft (1)
and projects into an essentially complementary shaped recess in the
bearing surface (6) of the cutting insert (2).
9. Drill bit as claimed in claim 6, characterized by a rotation
stop (25) that projects from the face (7) of the drill shaft (1)
and projects into an essentially complementary shaped recess in the
bearing surface (6) of the cutting insert (2).
10. Drill bit as claimed in claim 7, characterized by a rotation
stop (25) that projects from the face (7) of the drill shaft (1)
and projects into an essentially complementary shaped recess in the
bearing surface (6) of the cutting insert (2).
11. Drill bit as claimed in claim 5, characterized by the fact that
the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree. to
45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
12. Drill bit as claimed in claim 6, characterized by the fact that
the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree. to
45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
13. Drill bit as claimed in claim 7, characterized by the fact that
the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree. to
45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
14. Drill bit as claimed in claim 8, characterized by the fact that
the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree. to
45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
15. Drill bit as claimed in claim 9, characterized by the fact that
the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree. to
45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
16. Drill bit as claimed in claim 10, characterized by the fact
that the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree.
to 45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
17. Drill bit as claimed in claim 11, characterized by an angle
(.alpha.) of 60.degree..
18. Drill bit as claimed in claim 12, characterized by an angle
(.alpha.) of 60.degree..
19. Drill bit as claimed in claim 13, characterized by an angle
(.alpha.) of 60.degree..
20. Drill bit as claimed in claim 16, characterized by an angle
(.alpha.) of 60.degree..
Description
CONTINUING APPLICATION DATA
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of International
Application No. PCT/EP00/04851, filed on May 27, 2000, which claims
priority from Federal Republic of Germany Application No. 199 36
579.2, filed on Aug. 3, 1999. International Application No.
PCT/EP00/04851 was pending as of the filing date of this
application. The United States was an elected state in
International Application No. PCT/EP00/04851.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The invention relates to a twist drill for drilling having a
replaceable drill tip. This invention further relates to a
replaceable drill tip for use in a twist drill
[0004] Additionally, this invention relates to a drill bit with a
replaceable drill bit.
[0005] 2. Background Information
[0006] The modern metalworking trade primarily uses twist drills to
make borings. Depending on the application, these twist drills can
differ in terms of their cutting material and geometry. The cutting
material traditionally used is increasingly being replaced by
different types of cutting material that have a significantly
higher resistance to abrasion. For large drilling tools, however, a
drill made entirely of such abrasion-resistant materials is
generally too expensive, and is not economical in spite of its
excellent cutting performance. Alternatives are twist drills in
which a drill tip made of abrasion-resistant materials is
permanently attached to a carrier tool which is generally made of
cheaper, more traditional materials. The disadvantage of these
tools, however, is that they can be repainted only to a restricted
extent. As soon as the short cutting portion made of
abrasion-resistant materials has been used up, the entire tool has
to be scrapped.
[0007] To reduce overall costs and reduce or eliminate waste of
material, it is advantageous to construct a drill with a
replaceable cutting tip, as discussed herein. Replaceable cutting
tips permit a user to replace the cutting tip when the cutting tip
is worn down without having to replace the entire drill.
[0008] On a drill bit of this type, a cutting head is detachably
fixed to a drill shaft. German Patent No. 196 05 157 A1 describes a
drilling tool of the prior art in which the cutting head projects
by means of a stud into a receiving recess on the face of the drill
shaft, where it is fixed in position with a screw that is oriented
at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the drill. On a
drilling tool of the prior art described in WO 98/53943, the
drilling head is fixed in position in the drill shaft with a force
fit that acts in the axial direction and in the direction of
rotation of the drill.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0009] One object of the invention is to develop a twist drill for
drilling having a replaceable drill tip, as well as a replaceable
drill tip for use in a twist drill.
[0010] Another object of the invention is to propose a drill bit
with an alternative fixing of the cutting head.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] This object can be accomplished in a drill bit with a drill
bit shaft and a cutting insert that forms the tip area of the drill
bit and is detachably fixed to the drill bit shaft. There is at
least one chip flute that is located in the drill bit shaft and
extends into the cutting insert. The cutting insert is in contact
with a bearing surface on the face of the drill shaft and extends
with a fixing stud that projects centrally from the bearing surface
into a receiving recess, which is configured complementary thereto
in the face of the drill shaft. At least one peripheral segment of
the fixing stud has a first longitudinal segment which merges with
a screw surface into a second longitudinal section. The screw
surface points away from the drill shaft, slopes upward in the
direction of rotation of the drill bit toward the drill bit tip,
and interacts with an opposite surface on the inner wall of the
receiving recess.
[0012] The cutting head is in contact with a bearing surface
against the face of the drill shaft, and extends by means a fixing
stud that projects centrally out of the bearing surface into a
complementary receiving recess in the face of the drill shaft. The
peripheral area of the fixing stud that interacts with the inner
wall of the recess has two longitudinal segments, namely a first
longitudinal segment which, with a screw surface that points toward
the drill tip, slopes upward in the direction of rotation of the
drill and interacts with an opposite surface on the inner wall of
the receiving recess and merges into a second longitudinal segment.
When the drill head is designed in this manner, it can be easily
inserted with its fixing stud into the receiving recess and fixed
in position opposite to the direction of rotation of the drill. The
screw surface is thereby pushed onto the opposite surface of the
receiving recess and the cutting head is pressed with its bearing
surface onto the face of the drill shaft. This fixing is further
strengthened when the drill is in operation.
[0013] In one preferred embodiment, the second longitudinal segment
of the fixing stud tapers toward its free end. The receiving recess
becomes narrower by the same extent toward its base. The shaft
walls that are adjacent to the receiving recess can be
correspondingly thicker and more stable in this area. The tool
shaft is therefore more stable with regard to a force that is
exerted on the cutting head at a right angle to the longitudinal
axis of the drill than would be the case with a receiving recess
that becomes wider toward its base in an approximately swallowtail
shape. A particularly stable mounting and centering of the fixing
stud in the receiving recess is essentially guaranteed if the free
end of the fixing stud is provided with a cylindrical peripheral
surface and the area adjacent to it and extending to the screw
surface is provided with a conical peripheral surface.
[0014] To limit the axial strain between the cutting insert and the
tool shaft and to create a defined limit position for the cutting
insert, in an additional embodiment of the invention, a rotation
stop projects from the face of the drill shaft and extends into a
complementary recess in the bearing surface of the cutting insert.
The bearing surfaces of the drill shaft and the face of the tool
shaft also preferably each extend at a right angle to the
longitudinal axis of the drill. The screw surface can form an angle
of 90.degree. with the longitudinal axis of the drill. The screw
surface is preferably oriented at an angle, however, and forms an
angle which is <90.degree. and >45.degree.. The angle is
preferably 60.degree.. As a result of the inclined position of the
screw surface, the cutting insert is pushed, in addition to the
axial strain, with a force that centers it and is directed toward
the center longitudinal axis of the drill.
[0015] In at least one possible embodiment of the present
invention, the surfaces of the fixing stud, as well as the surfaces
of the drill bit shaft that engage with the surfaces of the fixing
stud, can preferably be suitably designed to withstand torque and
axial forces. During drilling of an object, torque forces are
exerted on a drill. In addition, axial forces may push and pull on
the drill in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the
drill, especially during retraction of the drill from an object
being drilled. The peripheral segments of the fixing stud may
therefore preferably be designed to withstand such forces since the
peripheral segments may essentially perform a retaining function
preferably to prevent the cutting insert from being pulled from the
drill shaft during drilling. Conversely, in at least one possible
embodiment of the present invention, the inner surfaces of the
drill shaft may also be designed preferably to withstand the forces
that are acting on the cutting insert to also substantially prevent
the cutting insert from being pulled from the drill shaft. Further,
since the cutting insert may essentially be screwed into place in
the drill shaft in a direction opposite the direction of rotation
of the drill, torque forces may be exerted on the cutting insert.
According to at least one possible embodiment of the present
invention, the inner surfaces of the drill shaft against which the
sides of the cutting insert rest preferably must be suitably
designed to essentially prevent the cutting insert from being
further screwed into the shaft, which would most likely result in
damage of the shaft and the insert. By strengthening the contact
surfaces of the shaft and the cutting insert, the torque and axial
forces can be substantially withstood to prevent damage to the
drill.
[0016] In at least one other possible embodiment of the present
invention, the chip flutes of the drill bit may each be divided
into essentially two portions: the portion of the chip flute on the
drill shaft and the portion of the chip flute on the cutting
insert. When the cutting insert is screwed into the drill shaft,
the two chip flute portions can be aligned to form a single chip
flute surface. Although it may preferably be desirable to design
the cutting insert and the drill shaft such that the chip flute
portions are exactly aligned to form a chip flute that is
substantially smooth and continuous, such a design may require high
precision when manufacturing the cutting inserts and the drill
shafts. It is well known, however, that any manufacturing process,
no matter how precise, is subject to errors, tolerances and
imperfections. It is therefore possible that the cutting inserts
may not be precisely manufactured due to the inherent imperfections
that occur during any manufacturing process. To account for such
imperfections that may occur, in one possible embodiment of the
present invention it may not be necessary to have precisely aligned
chip flute portions. Since the chip flute portions may simply serve
to remove chips, exact precision in their design may not be a
requirement for proper operation of the drill. Further, the
centering of the drill tip is often more important to a drilling
process than the precise design of the chip flutes, since an
off-center drill tip will often produce a wobbling motion of the
drill during drilling, which is in many cases undesirable. The
central fixing stud of the cutting insert can provide a centering
function that essentially centers the drill tip along the central
longitudinal axis of the drill bit. The present invention, in at
least one possible embodiment, therefore teaches that as long as
the drill tip of the cutting insert is designed to lie on the
central longitudinal axis, it may be possible for the chip flute
portions to be slightly misaligned without substantially affecting
the performance of the drill.
[0017] Drills such as the type described above may be used, in at
least one possible embodiment, to cut various materials, such as
metals, wood, plastics, composites, polymers, steel, and other hard
materials. In addition, such drills may also possibly be used in
machine-operated, automatic drilling systems, such as
numerically-controlled drilling systems on assembly lines. By
having replaceable cutting or drilling inserts, it may be possible
in at least one possible embodiment of the present invention, to
substantially maintain the overall length of the drill by replacing
the cutting inserts when they become worn. By substantially
maintaining the length of the drill, it may not be necessary to
reconfigure or reprogram the machinery using the drill in the
automatic drilling process since the drill will not substantially
change in length.
[0018] The above-discussed embodiments of the present invention
will be described further hereinbelow. When the word "invention" is
used in this specification, the word "invention" includes
"inventions", that is the plural of "invention". By stating
"invention", the Applicant does not in any way admit that the
present application does not include more than one patentably and
non-obviously distinct invention, and maintains that this
application may include more than one patentably and non-obviously
distinct invention. The Applicant hereby asserts that the
disclosure of this application may include more than one invention,
and, in the event that there is more than one invention, that these
inventions may be patentable and non-obvious one with respect to
the other.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The invention is explained in greater detail below with
reference to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the
accompanying drawings, in which:
[0020] FIG. 1 shows the upper segment of a drill bit with three
chip flutes and a corresponding three-edged cutting insert, in a
side view;
[0021] FIG. 2 is a side view of the cutting insert illustrated in
FIG. 1;
[0022] FIG. 3 is a plan view from overhead of the cutting insert in
the direction of the arrow III in FIG. 2;
[0023] FIG. 4 is a side view of a drill shaft as illustrated in
FIG. 1, with the cutting insert removed;
[0024] FIG. 5 is a plan view from overhead of the face of the tool
shaft in the direction of the arrow 5 in FIG. 4;
[0025] FIG. 6 shows an additional embodiment of a cutting insert in
longitudinal section;
[0026] FIG. 7 shows an additional embodiment of a cutting insert in
longitudinal section;
[0027] FIG. 8 is a side view of the upper portion of a drill bit
with a two-edged cutting insert;
[0028] FIG. 9 is a side view of the upper longitudinal segment of
the drill with the cutting insert removed;
[0029] FIG. 10 is a plan view from overhead in the direction of the
arrow X in FIG. 9;
[0030] FIG. 11 shows a two-edged cutting insert in a side view;
[0031] FIG. 12 is a plan view from overhead in the direction
indicated by the arrow XII in FIG. 11; and
[0032] FIG. 13 is a view of the drill in FIG. 8 with additional
features according to at least one possible embodiment of the
present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0033] The drill bits illustrated in the accompanying drawings are
composed of a drill shaft 1 and a cutting insert 2. The cutting
insert 2a on the drill illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 is three-edged.
Accordingly, there are a total of three chip flutes 3 in the drill
shaft 1, which continue with chip flute segments 3a into the
cutting insert 2a. The cutting insert has three major cutting edges
4 which--as can be seen in particular in the plan view from
overhead in FIG. 3--are oriented in approximately a star shape and
converge in the drill tip 5. The three edges of the cutting insert
mean that the cutting insert, likewise shown in the plan view from
overhead in FIG. 3, has approximately the shape of a trifurcated
star.
[0034] The cutting insert 2a has a flat bearing surface 6, which is
in flat contact against the face 7 of the drill shaft 1. The
bearing surface 6 and the face 7 extend at a right angle with
respect to the center longitudinal axis 8 of the drill bit. Shaped
onto the bearing surface 6 is a central fixing stud 9, which
extends in the direction of the center longitudinal axis 8. When
the drill bit is inserted, the fixing stud 9 lies in a
complementary configured receiving recess 10 in the drill shaft 1,
where it is effectively fixed by axial undercuts. The receiving
recess 10 emerges into the chip flutes 3 with lateral openings 11
that extend to the face 7. When the drill bit is inserted as
illustrated in FIG. 1, the cutting surface areas that form the chip
flute segments 3a and the chip flute 3 of the drill shaft 1 are
aligned with one another, whereby they are interrupted only by the
joint 12 between the cutting insert 2a and the drill shaft 1.
[0035] The chip flute segments 3a divide the fixing stud 9 into
three peripheral segments 13, which interact with the inside walls
14 of the receiving recess 10. The fixing stud 9 has a first
longitudinal segment 15 which merges with a screw surface 16 into a
second longitudinal segment 17. The screw surface 16 points toward
the drill tip 5 and projects in the manner of a radial shoulder
from the peripheral segment 13. The screw surface 16 slopes upward
in the direction of rotation 18 of the drill bit toward the drill
tip 5 and interacts with a complementary configured opposite
surface 19 on the inside walls 14 of the receiving recess 10. To
essentially fix the cutting insert to the drill shaft 1, the
cutting insert is inserted with the fixing stud 9 into the
receiving recess 10 so that its peripheral segments 13 are located
in the vicinity of the openings 11. As the result of a rotation in
the direction opposite to the direction of rotation 18 of the drill
bit, the screw surfaces 16 arrive below the opposite surfaces 19 on
the inner walls 14, as a result of which the cutting insert is
pressed in the direction indicated by the arrow 20 with its bearing
surface 6 against the face 7.
[0036] The surface of the second longitudinal segment 17 that
interacts with the inner walls 14 can be a partly cylindrical
surface as illustrated in FIG. 6. In the exemplary embodiment
illustrated in FIG. 7, the second longitudinal segment 17 tapers
conically toward the drill shaft. However, special preference is
given to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2, in which adjacent
to the screw surface 16 there is a conical segment 21, which merges
into a cylindrical segment 22. The cylindrical segment 22 effects a
centering of the cutting insert 2a in the receiving recess 10. The
diameter of the cylindrical segment 22 can be relatively small
compared to the segments adjacent to it toward the tip and that
have the screw surfaces 16 necessary for the axial bracing.
Accordingly, the area 23 of the receiving recess 10 that interacts
with the cylindrical segment 22 can also have a small inside
diameter. That in turn means a greater wall thickness 24 in the
area 23 and thus increased stability. Especially in the area 23
have a greater effect on account of the lever effect. However, the
greater wall thickness 24 in this area guarantees increased
stability of the drill shaft 1.
[0037] To further explain, the torque forces act on the cutting
insert 2a during a drilling procedure. Due to the lever effect, a
large portion of the torque forces are exerted at the transition
between the bearing surface 6 and the first longitudinal segment
15. Therefore, it is advantageous for the fixing stud 9 to have an
increased thickness at that particular area. Further, since the
majority of the torque forces are concentrated on that particular
area, it is possible for the fixing stud 9 to decrease in thickness
in the area of the cylindrical segment 22. In addition, by
decreasing the thickness of the fixing stud 9, it is thereby
possible to have an increased thickness of the shaft 1 in the area
23. As torque forces are exerted on the cutting insert 2a, force is
also exerted on the portions of the shaft 1 about the recess 10.
Also due to the lever effect, the majority of the force is exerted
on the area 23 near the bottom of the recess 10. By decreasing the
thickness of the fixing stud 9 at the area 23, the wall thickness
24 can be consequently increased to compensate for the greater
torque forces exerted in that particular area 23. The lever effect
therefore can be accounted for by increasing thickness of the shaft
1 and the fixing stud 9 at the areas where the concentration of
force is the greatest.
[0038] The screw surfaces 16 on the fixing stud 9 of a cutting
insert 2 can basically form an angle of 90.degree. with the center
longitudinal axis 8 of the drill or of the cutting insert. However,
preference is given to screw surfaces 16 that are oriented at an
angle and form an angle .alpha. with the center longitudinal axis 8
which is <90.degree. and .gtoreq.45.degree..
[0039] FIGS. 8 to 12 show a drill bit with two chip flutes and
accordingly a two-edged cutting insert 2b. The configuration of the
fixing stud 9 and of the receiving recess 10 of this drill bit is
the same as that of the drill bit described above. One difference
is that two rotation stops 25 project from the face 7a of the drill
shaft 1. The rotation stops 25 are diametrically opposite each
other and are realized with four surfaces in an essentially wedge
shape. Their outside surface 26 is formed by the peripheral surface
of the drill shaft 1. Their inside surface 27 interacts with a
complementary configured opposite surface 28, which is part of the
wall of a recess 29 in the bearing surface 6 of the cutting insert
2b, which recess 29 holds the rotation stop 25. The rotation stops
also have two inclined surfaces, whereby the one inclined surface
30 points in the direction of rotation 18 of the drill bit and
merge into a face 7a. The other inclined surface 31 points opposite
to the direction of rotation 18 of the drill bit and is a partial
surface of the face 32 that forms the chip flute 3. The inclined
surface 30 interacts with an inclined surface 33 that is formed
from the wall of the recess 29 and acts as an opposite bearing
surface.
[0040] FIG. 13 is a view of the drill shown in FIG. 8 with
additional features according to at least one possible embodiment
of the present invention. The drill bit has a drill shank portion
101 that is inserted into a tool chuck 102. The tool chuck 102
holds the drill bit and provides a driving force to rotate the
drill during a drilling process. The drill shown has a two-edged
cutting insert design, but is not the only possible embodiment.
This drill bit and chuck configuration may also be used with
cutting inserts and bits with more than two edges, such as a
cutting insert with three edges, as shown in FIGS. 1-3.
[0041] One feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the invention
resides broadly in a drill bit with a drill bit shaft (1) and a
cutting insert that forms the tip area of the drill bit and is
detachable fixed to the drill bit shaft, and at least one chip
flute (3) that is located in the drill bit shaft (1) and extends
into the cutting insert (2), whereby the cutting insert is in
contact with a bearing surface (6) on the face (7) of the frill
shaft (1) and extends with a fixing stud (9) that projects
centrally from the bearing surface (6) into a receiving recess (10)
which is configured complementary thereto in the face (7) of the
drill shaft (1), characterized by the fact that at least one
peripheral segment (13) of the fixing stud (9) has a first
longitudinal segment (15) which with a screw surface (16) that
points away from the drill shaft (1), slopes upward in the
direction of rotation (18) of the drill bit toward the drill bit
tip (5) and interacts with an opposite surface (19) on the inner
wall (14) of the receiving recess (10), merges into a second
longitudinal section (17).
[0042] Another feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the
invention resides broadly in a drill bit, characterized by the fact
that the second longitudinal segment (17) tapers toward its free
end.
[0043] Yet another feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the
invention resides broadly in a drill bit, characterized by a first
stud segment (22) forming the free end with a cylindrical
peripheral surface, and a second segment (21) that has a conical
peripheral surface and extends to the screw surface (16).
[0044] Still another feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the
invention resides broadly in a drill bit characterized by a
rotation stop (25) that projects from the face (7) of the drill
shaft (1) and projects into an essentially complementary shaped
recess in the bearing surface (6) of the cutting insert (2).
[0045] A further feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the
invention resides broadly in a drill bit, characterized by the fact
that the screw surface (16) forms an angle (.alpha.) of 90.degree.
to 45.degree. with the longitudinal axis (8) of the drill bit.
[0046] Another feature (or aspect) of an embodiment of the
invention resides broadly in a drill bit, characterized by an angle
(.alpha.) of 60.degree..
[0047] The components disclosed in the various publications,
disclosed or incorporated by reference herein, may be used in the
embodiments of the present invention, as well as equivalents
thereof.
[0048] The appended drawings in their entirety, including all
dimensions, proportions and/or shapes in at least one embodiment of
the invention, are accurate and are hereby included by reference
into this specification.
[0049] All, or substantially all, of the components and methods of
the various embodiments may be used with at least one embodiment or
all of the embodiments, if more than one embodiment is described
herein.
[0050] All of the patents, patent applications and publications
recited herein, and in the Declaration attached hereto, are hereby
incorporated by reference as if set forth in their entirety
herein.
[0051] The corresponding foreign and international patent
publication applications, namely, Federal Republic of Germany
Application No. 199 36 579.2, filed on Aug. 3, 1999, having
inventor Ulrich KRENZER, and DE-OS 199 36 579.2, having inventor
Ulrich KRENZER, and DE-PS 199 36 579.2, having inventor Ulrich
KRENZER, and International Application No. PCT/EP00/04851, filed on
May 27, 2000, having inventor Ulrich KRENZER, as well as their
published equivalents, and other equivalents or corresponding
applications, if any, in corresponding cases in the Federal
Republic of Germany and elsewhere, and the references and documents
cited in any of the documents cited herein, such as the patents,
patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by
reference as if set forth in their entirety herein.
[0052] All of the references and documents, cited in any of the
documents cited herein, are hereby incorporated by reference as if
set forth in their entirety herein. All of the documents cited
herein, referred to in the immediately preceding sentence, include
all of the patents, patent applications and publications cited
anywhere in the present application.
[0053] The details in the patents, patent applications and
publications may be considered to be incorporable, at applicant's
option, into the claims during prosecution as further limitations
in the claims to patentably distinguish any amended claims from any
applied prior art.
[0054] The following U.S. Patents regarding drills and/or drill
inserts are hereby incorporated by reference as if set forth in
their entirety herein: U.S. Pat. No. 5,800,100, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-03-NP, issued to Krenzer on Sep. 1, 1998;
NHL-KEH-06, issued to Kammermeier on Nov. 3, 1998; U.S. Pat. No.
5,967,710, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-02-NP, issued to
Krenzer on Oct. 9, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 6,045,301, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-04 US, issued to Kammermeier et al. on Apr. 4,
2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,116,825, having attorney docket no.
NHL-KEH-05 US, issued to Kammermeier et al. on Sep. 12, 2000; U.S.
Pat. No. 6,164,879, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-02-NP-D,
issued to Krenzer on Dec. 26, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,210,083, having
attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-05-C US, issued to Kammermeier et al.
on Apr. 3, 2001; U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,276, having attorney docket
no. NHL-KEH-09 US, issued to Muller et al. on May 15, 2001; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,904,455, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-08, issued
to inventors Krenzer et al. on May 18, 1999; and U.S. Pat. No.
6,309,149, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-12 US, issued to
inventor BORSCHERT on Oct. 30, 2001.
[0055] The following U.S. Patent Applications regarding drills
and/or drill inserts are hereby incorporated by reference as if set
forth in their entirety herein: Ser. No. 09/521,134, having
attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-13 US, having inventors Gebhard MLLER
and Horst JAGER, filed on Mar. 8, 2000; Ser. No. 09/927,921, having
attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-14 US, having inventors Bernhard Walter
BORSCHERT, Jochen STIES, Dieter Hermann MUHLFRIEDEL, and Karl-Heinz
WENDT, filed on Aug. 10, 2001; Ser. No. 09/935,078, having attorney
docket no. NHL-KEH-15, having inventors Hans-Wilm HEINRICH, Manfred
WOLF, and Dieter SCHMIDT, filed on Aug. 22, 2001; Ser. No.
09/966,735, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-16 US, having
inventor Ulrich KRENZER, filed on Sep. 28, 2001; and Ser. No.
10/008,528, having attorney docket no. NHL-KEH-17, having inventor
Rudi HARTLOHNER, filed on Nov. 5, 2001;.
[0056] Some examples of twist drills that may possibly be utilized
or adapted for use in at least one possible embodiment of the
present invention may possibly be found in the following U.S.
patents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,209,275, issued to Kim on Jun. 24, 1980;
U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,347, issued to Barish on Dec. 3, 1985; U.S.
Pat. No. 4,688,972, issued to Kubota on Aug. 25, 1987; U.S. Pat.
No. 4,756,650, issued to Wakihira et al. on Jul. 12, 1988; U.S.
Pat. No. 4,762,445, issued to Bunting et al. on Aug. 9, 1988; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,230,593, issued to Imanaga et al. on Jul. 27, 1993; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,350,261, issued to Takaya et al. on Sep. 27, 1994; U.S.
Pat. No. 5,442,979, issued to Hsu on Aug. 22, 1995; U.S. Pat. No.
5,678,960, issued to Just et al. on Oct. 21, 1997; U.S. Pat. No.
5,931,615, issued to Wiker on Aug. 3, 1999; and U.S. Pat. No.
6,283,682, issued to Plummer on Sep. 4, 2001.
[0057] Some examples of other drills and drill inserts, features of
which may possibly be utilized or adapted for use in at least one
possible embodiment of the present invention may possibly be found
in the following U.S. patents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,072,438, issued to
Powers on Feb. 7, 1978; U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,383, issued to Powers
on Dec. 26, 1978; U.S. Pat. No. 4,220,429, issued to Powers et al.
on Sep. 2, 1980; U.S. Pat. No. 4,563,113, issued to Ebenhoch on
Jan. 7, 1986; U.S. Pat. No. 5,173,014, issued to Agapiou et al. on
Dec. 22, 1992; U.S. Pat. No. 5,236,291, issued to Agapiou et al. on
Aug. 17, 1993; U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,041, issued to Lindblom on Sep.
15, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,947,659, issued to Mays on Sep. 7, 1999;
and U.S. Pat. No. 6,071,046, issued to Hecht et al. on Jun. 6,
2000.
[0058] Some examples of drills and/or drill bits with tungsten
carbide that may possibly be utilized or adapted for use in at
least one possible embodiment of the present invention may possibly
be found in the following U.S. patents: U.S. Pat. No. 6,135,218,
issued to Deane et al. on Oct. 24, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 6,029,544,
issued to Katayama on Feb. 29, 2000; U.S. Pat. No. 5,979,571,
issued to Scott et al. on Nov. 9, 1999; U.S. Pat. No. 5,836,409,
issued to Vail, III on Nov. 17, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 4,241,483,
issued to Voitas on Dec. 30, 1980; U.S. Pat. No. 4,200,159, issued
to Peschel et al. on Apr. 29, 1980; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,169,637,
issued to Voitas on Oct. 2, 1979.
[0059] Some examples of drills and/or drill bits with titanium
carbide that may possibly be utilized or adapted for use in at
least one possible embodiment of the present invention may possibly
be found in the following U.S. patents: U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,152,
issued to Janitzki on Mar. 16, 1999 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,211,294,
issued to Multakh on Jul. 8, 1980.
[0060] Some examples of high strength steel that may possibly be
utilized or adapted for use in at least one possible embodiment of
the present invention may possibly be found in the following U.S.
patents: U.S. Pat. No. 4,578,113, issued to Rana et al. on Mar. 25,
1986; U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,307, issued to Matsumoto et al. on Jan.
19, 1988; U.S. Pat. No. 4,814,141, issued to Imai et al. on Mar.
21, 1989; U.S. Pat. No. 4,826,543, issued to Yano et al. on May 2,
1989; U.S. Pat. No. 4,956,025, issued to Koyama et al. on Sep. 11,
1990; U.S. Pat. No. 5,651,938, issued to Thomson et al. on Jul. 29,
1997; U.S. Pat. No. 5,772,957, issued to Thomson et al. on Jun. 30,
1998; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,798,004, issued to Tamehiro et al. on
Aug. 25, 1998.
[0061] Some examples of numerical control systems involving drills
or drilling processes may possibly be found in the following U.S.
Patents: U.S. Pat. No. 6,232,736, entitled "Numerical control
machine tool positioning system"; U.S. Pat. No. 6,107,768, entitled
"Numerical control apparatus for a machine tool"; U.S. Pat. No.
6,036,347, entitled "Numerical control information generator for
controlling machine tool processes which require tool exchanges";
U.S. Pat. No. 5,815,400, entitled "Machining method using numerical
control apparatus"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,532,932, entitled "Numerical
control unit"; U.S. Pat. No. 5,493,502, entitled "Numerical control
unit for controlling a machine tool to machine a workpiece at an
instructed feed rate along linear and rotational axes"; U.S. Pat.
No. 4,972,322, entitled "Method for preparing numerical control
data for a machine tool"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,914,364, entitled
"Numerical control apparatus"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,862,380, entitled
"Numerical control unit"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,831,906, entitled
"Numerical control machine"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,794,311, entitled
"Numerical control system"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,788,481, entitled
"Numerical control apparatus"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,751,652, entitled
"Numerical control drilling restart control system"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,719,579, entitled "Numerical control method"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,667,294, entitled "Numerical control apparatus"; U.S. Pat. No.
4,624,607, entitled "Computed numerical control drilling machine";
U.S. Pat. No. 4,588,339, entitled "Tool holder for a cutting
machine provided with numerical control"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,549,270,
entitled "Method of controlling selection of tools in a quadriaxial
numerical control lathe"; U.S. Pat. No. 4,547,854, entitled "Method
of controlling lineup of tools in numerical control machine tool";
U.S. Pat. No. 4,199,814, entitled "Computer numerical control
machine tool"; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,149,235, entitled "Computer
numerical control system for machine tool.
[0062] The invention as described hereinabove in the context of the
preferred embodiments is not to be taken as limited to all of the
provided details thereof, since modifications and variations
thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of
the invention.
1 NOMENCLATURE 1 Drill shaft 2 Cutting insert 3 Chip flute 3a Chip
flute segment 4 Major cutting edge 5 Drill tip 6 Bearing surface 7
Face 8 Center longitudinal axis 9 Fixing stud 10 Receiving recess
11 Opening 12 Joint 13 Peripheral segment 14 Inside wall 15 First
longitudinal segment 16 Screw surface 17 Second longitudinal
segment 18 Direction of rotation of drill bit 19 Opposite surface
20 Arrow 21 Conical segment 22 Cylindrical segment 23 Area 24 Wall
thickness 25 Rotation stop 26 Outside surface 27 Inside surface 28
Opposite surface 29 Recess 30 Inclined surface 31 Inclined surface
32 Face 33 Inclined surface .alpha. Angle
* * * * *