U.S. patent application number 10/022070 was filed with the patent office on 2002-09-05 for dental alloys.
Invention is credited to Day, Grant P., Prasad, Arun.
Application Number | 20020122741 10/022070 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26695460 |
Filed Date | 2002-09-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020122741 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Prasad, Arun ; et
al. |
September 5, 2002 |
Dental alloys
Abstract
The dental alloys herein are formulated from a combination of
palladium, silver and platinum and a small amount of one or more of
indium, gallium, tin, germanium, zinc and manganese. The alloys may
also contain one or more of gold, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium,
rhenium, titanium, aluminum, silicon, hafnium, boron, and/or
calcium. The alloys are particularly useful as substrate components
for dental restorative materials including, but not limited to,
orthodontic appliances, bridges, space maintainers, tooth
replacement appliances, splints, crowns, partial crowns, dentures,
posts, teeth, jackets, inlays, onlays, facing, veneers, facets,
implants, abutments, cylinders, and connectors. The substrate may
be defined as a main component of the dental restoration having one
or more layers of material thereon, or as the complete restoration
with no other material thereon.
Inventors: |
Prasad, Arun; (Cheshire,
CT) ; Day, Grant P.; (Cheshire, CT) |
Correspondence
Address: |
ANN M. KNAB, ESQ.
JENERIC/PENTRON, INC.
53 NORTH PLAINS INDUSTRIAL ROAD
WALLINGFORD
CT
06492
US
|
Family ID: |
26695460 |
Appl. No.: |
10/022070 |
Filed: |
December 17, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
60259467 |
Jan 3, 2001 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
420/505 ;
148/430; 420/506 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C22C 5/02 20130101; C22C
5/06 20130101; C22C 5/04 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
420/505 ;
420/506; 148/430 |
International
Class: |
C22C 005/06; C22C
005/10 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A dental alloy comprising in weight percent: about 15 to about
75% Ag; about 10 to about 50% Pd; about 6 to about 25% Pt; up to
about 10% In; up to about 10% Ga; up to about 10% Sn; up to about
10% Ge; up to about 10% Zn; and up to about 10% Mn; wherein one or
more of In, Ga, Sn, Ge, Zn and Mn is present in the amount of about
0.1 to about I0%.
2. The dental alloy of claim 1 further comprising in weight
percent: up to about 55% Au; up to about 3% Ir; up to about 3% Ru;
up to about 3% Rh; up to about 3% Re; wherein one or more of Ir,
Ru, Rh, and Re is present is the amount up to about 3%; up to about
1% Ti; up to about 0.25% Al; up to about 0.25% Si; up to about
0.25% Hf; up to about 0.25% B; and up to about 0.25% Ca; wherein
one or more of Ti, Al, Si, Hf, B and Ca is present in an amount up
to about 1%.
3. The dental alloy of claim 1 having a coefficient of thermal
expansion from 25.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the range of 8 to
18.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C.
4. The dental alloy of claim 1 having a melting temperature in the
range from about 800 to about 1500.degree. C.
5. A dental restoration comprising: the alloy of claim 1; and a
low-melting dental ceramic having a coefficient of thermal
expansion from 25.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the range of 6 to
16.times.10.sup.-6/.deg- ree. C.
6. A dental alloy comprising in weight percent: about 15 to about
70% Ag; about 15 to about 50% Pd; about 8 to about 20% Pt; about 2
to about 52% Au; up to about 10% In; up to about 10% Ga; up to
about 10% Sn; up to about 10% Ge; up to about 10% Zn; up to about
10% Mn; wherein one or more of In, Ga, Sn, Ge, Zn and Mn is present
in the amount of about 3 to about 10%; up to about 1% Ir; up to
about 3% Ru; up to about 3% Rh; and up to about 1% Re; wherein one
or more of Ir, Ru, Rh, and Re is present is the amount from about
0.1 to about 3%.
7. The dental alloy of claim 1 further comprising in weight
percent: up to about 0.25% Ti; up to about 0.25% Al; up to about
0.25% Si; up to about 0.25% Hf; up to about 0.25% B; and up to
about 0.25% Ca; wherein one or more of Ti, Al, Si, Hf, B and Ca is
present in an amount up to about 1%.
8. The dental alloy of claim 6 having a coefficient of thermal
expansion from 25.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the range of 8 to
18.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C.
9. The dental alloy of claim 6 having a melting temperature in the
range from about 1000 to about 1500.degree. C.
10. A dental restoration comprising: the alloy of claim 6; and a
low-melting dental ceramic having a coefficient of thermal
expansion in the range from 25.degree. to 500.degree. C. in the
range of 6 to 16.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This is application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application No. 60/259,467, filed Jan. 3, 2001, which is
incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] This invention relates to platinum, palladium and silver
containing dental alloys.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Gold-based alloys in dentistry were initially replaced by
more economical palladium based alloys. Recent increases in the
price of palladium are making these alloys very expensive. Other
economical alternatives have been nickel-based, cobalt-based and
titanium-based systems. Nickel-based alloys allegedly have
sensitivity and toxicity concerns. Cobalt-based and titanium-based
alloys are difficult to process and require special care and
expensive equipment.
[0004] Prior solutions to the problem have been to use metal free
ceramic/composite systems or sintered or plated copings. It is
desireable to provide alloys for use in the manufacture of dental
restorations having high corrosion resistance, good aesthetic
qualities and good formability.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] These and other objects and advantages are accomplished by
the alloys herein having a coefficient of thermal expansion in the
range from about 8 to about 18.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C. in the
temperature range of 25-500.degree. C. and melting temperatures
above about 800.degree. C. but below about 1500.degree. C. The
alloys contain platinum, palladium, silver and a small amount of
one or more of indium, gallium, tin, germanium, zinc and manganese.
The alloys may also contain one or more of gold, iridium,
ruthenium, rhodium, rhenium, titanium, aluminum, silicon, hafnium,
boron, and/or calcium.
[0006] The alloys are particularly useful as substrate components
for dental restorative materials including, but not limited to,
orthodontic appliances, bridges, space maintainers, tooth
replacement appliances, splints, crowns, partial crowns, dentures,
posts, teeth, jackets, inlays, onlays, facing, veneers, facets,
implants, abutments, cylinders, and connectors. The substrate may
be defined as a main component of the dental restoration having one
or more layers of material thereon, or as the complete restoration
with no other material thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The dental alloys herein are formulated from a combination
of palladium, silver, platinum and a small amount of one or more of
indium, gallium, tin, germanium, zinc and manganese. The alloys may
optionally contain one or more of gold, iridium, ruthenium,
rhodium, rhenium, titanium, aluminum, silicon, hafnium, boron,
and/or calcium. These metals serve to adjust the mechanical
properties such as strength, hardness, castability and melting
range. The metals are present in the ranges set forth in Table 1
below.
1TABLE 1 Preferred Range Elements Range (wt %) (wt %) Pt about 6 to
about 25 about 8 to about 20 Pd about 10 to about 50 about 15 to
about 50 Ag about 15 to about 75 about 15 to about 70 Au up to
about 55 about 2 to about 52 In up to about 10 up to about 10 Ga up
to about 10 up to about 10 Sn up to about 10 up to about 10 Ge up
to about 10 up to about 10 Zn up to about 10 up to about 10 Mn up
to about 10 up to about 10 In + Ga + Sn + Ge + about 0.1 to about
about 3 to about 10 Zn + Mn 10 Ir up to about 3 up to about 1 Ru up
to about 3 up to about 3 Rh up to about 3 up to about 3 Re up to
about 3 up to about 1 Ir + Ru + Rh + Re up to about 3 about 0.1 to
about 3 Ti up to about 1 up to about .25 Al up to about .25 up to
about .25 Si up to about .25 up to about .25 Hf up to about .25 up
to about .25 B up to about .25 up to about .25 Ca up to about .25
up to about .25 Ti + Al + Si + Hf + B + Ca up to about 1 up to
about 1 Coefficient of Thermal 8-18 .times. 10.sup.-6/.degree. C.
8-18 .times. 10.sup.-6/.degree. C. Expansion (25-500.degree. C.)
Melting temperatures 800-1500.degree. C. 1000-1350.degree. C.
[0008] As can be seen in Table 1, the compositions herein contain a
high percent of noble metals, i.e., a high content of Ag, Au, Pt,
and Pd. The high nobility of the alloys herein minimizes the amount
of oxide forming on the surface of the alloys, thereby providing
less colorization and providing more esthetic alloys. The alloys
herein are easier to mask and provide overall, more esthetic and
more natural looking final restorations. The high content of the
noble metals in the alloys herein classify the alloys into the
Noble and High Noble categories of the American Dental Association
(ADA) classification system for casting alloys.
[0009] The alloy is useful with low-melting dental ceramics having
coefficients of thermal expansion (at 25-500.degree. C.) in the
range of about 6 to about 16.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C.
[0010] The following Table 2 sets forth examples of alloys prepared
for use as dental restorative materials. The alloys herein are
particularly useful as substrate components for dental restorative
materials including, but not limited to, orthodontic appliances,
bridges, space maintainers, tooth replacement appliances, splints,
crowns, partial crowns, dentures, posts, teeth, jackets, inlays,
onlays, facing, veneers, facets, implants, abutments, cylinders,
and connectors. The substrate may be defined as a main component of
the dental restoration having one or more layers of material
thereon, or as the complete restoration with no other material
thereon.
2TABLE 2 Elements (wt %) 1 2 3 4 Au 50 30 13 0 Pt 8.5 10 13 12.5 Pd
17.85 32 42 12.5 Ag 19 20 24 71 In 2.25 4 6.85 2.65 Sn 2.25 2 0 0
Zn 0 1.85 0 1 Ga 0 0 1 .2 Ru 0.1 0.1 0.1 .1 Ca + B 0.05 0.05 0.05
0.05 Total 100 100 100 100 CTE(25-500.degree. C.) 14.35 14.6 14.1
16.8
[0011] The following Table 3 sets forth various properties of Alloy
1.
3TABLE 3 NAME: Alloy 1 Yield Strength/Proof Stress: MPa 436 ISO
9693-99 Minimum = 250 MPa Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS): MPa 607
% Elongation: % 9.4 ISO 9693-99 Minimum 3% Modulus of Elasticity:
GPa 111.43 Vickers Hardness: 190 Melting Range: .degree. C.
1165.degree. C.-1250.degree. C. Casting Temp: .degree. C.
1350.degree. C. CTE @ 25-500.degree. C. .times.10.sup.-6K.sup.-1
14.35 @ 25-600.degree. C. .times.10.sup.-6K.sup.-1 14.59 Density:
gm/cc 14.35
[0012] The alloys herein to be used according to the invention may
be processed in any known manner with techniques and auxiliary
substances conventional for this purpose.
[0013] A wide variety of porcelain mixtures form desirable
porcelain coatings when fused to dental alloys. Different mixtures
are preferred for the different layers of the restoration. The
restoration may comprise a bond layer, an opaque porcelain layer, a
body layer and an incisal layer. Differences in the components used
for each layer and differences in the amounts of the components
enable the different layers to exhibit different optical and
thermal properties.
[0014] A preferred porcelain will have a fusion range of about
725.degree. to about 950.degree. C. and a coefficient of thermal
expansion in the range from about 6 to about
16.times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C..times.10.sup.-6/.degree. C. in the
temperature range of 25-500.degree. C. The dental porcelain may
comprise oxides including but not limited to Si, Al, K, Na, Li, Ca,
Mg, Zr, Ti, Sn, Y, Ce and Eu. Some commercially available porcelain
compositions useful herein include Synspar.RTM. porcelain and
OPC.RTM. Lowwear.TM. porcelain, and Avante.TM. porcelain, all
available from Pentron Corporation, Wallingford, Conn. and
Finesse.TM. porcelain from Dentsply, York, Pa.
[0015] A wide variety of composites can also be used and include
those made of glass fillers and resins such as BIS-GMA, TEGDMA,
UDMA and PCDMA. The composites may be cured by means such as
photo-initiation; chemical curing; heat curing; combinations of
photo-initiation and chemical curing; and combinations of
photo-initiation chemical curing and heat curing. The curing may
also be conducted under water, under vacuum and under pressure of
inert gases. One such composite is Sculpture.RTM. composite
available from Pentron Corporation, Wallingford, Conn.
[0016] While various descriptions of the present invention are
described above, it should be understood that the various features
can be used singly or in any combination thereof. Therefore, this
invention is not to be limited to only the specifically preferred
embodiments depicted herein. Further, it should be understood that
variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the
invention may occur to those skilled in the art to which the
invention pertains.
[0017] Accordingly, all expedient modifications readily attainable
by one versed in the art from the disclosure set forth herein that
are within the scope and spirit of the present invention are to be
included as further embodiments of the present invention. The scope
of the present invention is accordingly defined as set forth in the
appended claims.
* * * * *