U.S. patent application number 09/738387 was filed with the patent office on 2002-08-22 for lubricants formulated and qualified for contact with food compositions and related business methods.
Invention is credited to Haupert, Amy, Hei, Kim Person, Li, Minyu, Lokkesmoe, Keith D..
Application Number | 20020115573 09/738387 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 24967777 |
Filed Date | 2002-08-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020115573 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Hei, Kim Person ; et
al. |
August 22, 2002 |
Lubricants formulated and qualified for contact with food
compositions and related business methods
Abstract
A food container conveyor device having improved lubricant
properties can be lubricated using a lubricant composition that can
become ingested by a user from a food or a container for the food,
can come into incidental contact or direct content with a food
composition, can be incorporated at measurable concentrations into
the food, or can be used generally on food conveyor surfaces
wherein the food is exposed to the lubricant. Such lubricant
compositions can be formulated in aqueous or non-aqueous
compositions containing approved lubricant ingredients. Food
containers lubricated using the compositions of the invention can
be distributed to the public even in the substantial occurrence of
contact between the food composition and the approved lubricant
materials.
Inventors: |
Hei, Kim Person; (Baldwin,
WI) ; Li, Minyu; (Oakdale, MN) ; Haupert,
Amy; (St. Paul, MN) ; Lokkesmoe, Keith D.;
(Savage, MN) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MERCHANT & GOULD PC
P.O. BOX 2903
MINNEAPOLIS
MN
55402-0903
US
|
Family ID: |
24967777 |
Appl. No.: |
09/738387 |
Filed: |
December 15, 2000 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
508/202 ;
508/459; 508/463; 508/539; 508/575; 508/579 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10M 2229/043 20130101;
C10M 2229/02 20130101; C10N 2040/44 20200501; C10N 2040/36
20130101; C10M 155/02 20130101; C10M 2229/046 20130101; C10M 159/04
20130101; C10M 2207/404 20130101; C10M 2229/04 20130101; C10M
171/00 20130101; C10M 2209/107 20130101; C10M 2229/042 20130101;
C10M 2229/054 20130101; C10N 2040/32 20130101; C10N 2050/01
20200501; C10M 2203/108 20130101; C10M 2229/047 20130101; C10M
2203/106 20130101; C10M 2229/053 20130101; C10N 2040/30 20130101;
C10M 2229/048 20130101; C10M 2229/052 20130101; C10N 2040/00
20130101; C10N 2040/40 20200501; C10M 2229/041 20130101; C10M
2203/102 20130101; C10M 2207/40 20130101; C10M 2201/02 20130101;
C10M 2229/045 20130101; C10M 129/08 20130101; C10M 2229/051
20130101; C10M 2207/022 20130101; C10M 2203/104 20130101; C10M
2209/109 20130101; C10M 2229/05 20130101; C10N 2040/50 20200501;
C10M 2203/10 20130101; C10M 2207/402 20130101; C10N 2070/02
20200501; C10M 2207/023 20130101; C10N 2040/38 20200501; C10M
159/08 20130101; C10M 173/025 20130101; C10M 2229/044 20130101;
C10N 2040/34 20130101; C10M 145/38 20130101; C10N 2040/42
20200501 |
Class at
Publication: |
508/202 ;
508/459; 508/463; 508/539; 508/575; 508/579 |
International
Class: |
C10M 173/00; C10M
129/00; C10M 139/00 |
Claims
I claim:
1. A method of lubricating a surface at the interface between a
container and a moving conveyor, the method comprising: (a) forming
a continuous thin coating of a liquid lubricant composition on a
container contact surface of a conveyor; and (b) moving a
container, the container adapted for a food composition, on the
container contact surface in order to transport the container from
a first location to a second location; wherein during the method of
lubricating, the food composition, coming in direct, incidental or
indirect contact with the lubricant, obtains a measurable
concentration of the lubricant composition but remains fit for
human consumption.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the food comprises a liquid food
in an open bottle.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the food comprises a liquid food
in an open can.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricated container surface
can come into direct contact with a user.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the food comprises a solid food in
an open can.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the food comprises a complex food
composition having an aqueous phase and a solid phase in an open
carton.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the food is in the form of a
frozen food in an open carton.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises an aqueous
composition comprising a foodgrade lipid.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises an aqueous
solution comprising a foodgrade emulsifier.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises a
foodgrade polymeric thickener composition.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade chelating agent.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade
surfactant.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a silicone oil, a mineral oil or
mixtures thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an effective amount of glycerin and a silicone
polymer.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a white oil.
16. The lubricant of claim 1 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a natural oil.
17. The lubricant of claim 1 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid.
18. The lubricant of claim 16 wherein the fatty acid is neutralized
by sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
19. The lubricant of claim 16 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid ester.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the lubricant comprises an
(EO).sub.x(PO).sub.y (EO).sub.z surfactant block copolymer wherein
EO represents ethylene oxide residue, PO represents propylene oxide
residue, x equals an integer of about 2 to about 100, y equals an
integer of about 2 to about 100 and z equals an integer of about 2
to about 100.
21. A business method of food packaging, the method comprises
lubricating a surface at the interface between a container and a
moving conveyor, the business method comprising steps of: (a)
forming a continuous thin film of a liquid lubricant composition on
a container contact surface of a conveyor; and (b) moving a
container, the container having a food composition, on the
container contact surface in order to transport the container from
a first location to a second location wherein during the method of
lubricating, the food composition in direct, incidental or indirect
contact with the lubricant, obtains a measurable concentration of
the lubricant composition but remains fit for human consumption;
and wherein the use of food grade materials in the lubricant
reduces business risk, cost of product replacement or insurance
cost.
22. The method of claim 21 wherein the food comprises a liquid food
in an bottle.
23. The lubricant of claim 21 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a natural oil.
24. The lubricant of claim 21 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid.
25. The lubricant of claim 23 wherein the fatty acid is neutralized
by sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
26. The lubricant of claim 23 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid ester.
27. The method of claim 21 wherein the food comprises a beverage in
an can.
28. The method of claim 21 wherein the food comprises a complex
food composition having an aqueous phase and a solid phase in an
open carton.
29. The method of claim 27 wherein the solid food is in the form of
a frozen food in an open carton.
30. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade lipid.
31. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous solution comprising a foodgrade emulsifier.
32. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises a
foodgrade polymeric thickener composition.
33. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade chelating agent.
34. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade
surfactant.
35. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a silicone oil, a mineral oil or
mixtures thereof.
36. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an effective amount of glycerin and a silicone
polymer.
37. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a white oil.
38. The method of claim 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
(EO).sub.x(PO).sub.y(PO).sub.z surfactant block copolymer wherein
EO represents ethylene oxide residue, PO represents propylene oxide
residue, x equals an integer of about 2 to about 100, y equals an
integer of about 2 to about 100 and z equals a integer of about 2
to 100.
39. The method of claim 1 or 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous solution comprising a major proportion of water and from
about 0.1 to about 10 wt % of a potassium salt of a fatty acid,
about 0.1 to about 10 wt % of a polyethylene glycol and about 0.1
to 20 wt % of a polysorbate surfactant comprising fatty acid ester
of sorbic acid having from about 5 to about 100 moles of ethylene
oxide.
40. The method of claim 1 or 21 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous solution comprising a major proportion of water and from
about 0.1 to about 10 wt % of a surfactant comprising
(EO).sub.x(PO).sub.y(EO).sub.z wherein x, y and z are independently
selected from the group of numbers that range from about 2 to about
100; and about 0.1 to 10 wt % of a sorbate surfactant comprising a
fatty acid ester of sorbic acid having from about 2 to about 100
moles of ethylene oxide.
41. The method of claim 1 or 21 wherein a residue of the lubricant
remains in the food or on the container such that the residue can
be ingested by a consumer.
42. The method of claim 1 or 21 wherein the foodgrade lubricant
comprises an edible oil.
43. The method of claim 1 or 21 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises a silicone oil.
44. A business method of food packaging, the method comprises
lubricating a surface at the interface between a container and a
moving conveyor, the business method comprising steps of: (a)
forming a continuous thin film of a liquid lubricant composition on
a container contact surface of a conveyor; and (b) moving a
container, the container adapted for a food composition, on the
container contact surface in order to transport the container from
a first location to a second location wherein during the method of
lubricating, the container in direct, incidental or indirect
contact with the lubricant, obtains a measurable concentration of
the lubricant composition but the container remains suitable for
use in conjunction with human consumption; and wherein the use of
food grade materials in the lubricant reduces business risk, cost
of product replacement or insurance cost.
45. The lubricant of claim 44 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a natural oil.
46. The lubricant of claim 44 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid.
47. The lubricant of claim 45 wherein the fatty acid is neutralized
by sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
48. The lubricant of claim 45 wherein the natural oil comprises a
fatty acid ester.
49. The method of claim 44 wherein the container comprises an open
can.
50. The method of claim 44 wherein wherein the container comprises
a carton.
51. The method of claim 49 wherein wherein the container comprises
an carton.
52. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade lipid.
53. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous solution comprising a foodgrade emulsifier.
54. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant comprises a
foodgrade polymeric thickener composition.
55. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade chelating agent.
56. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an aqueous composition comprising a foodgrade
surfactant.
57. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant comprises an
aqueous composition comprising a silicone oil, a mineral oil or
mixtures thereof.
58. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises an effective amount of glycerin and a silicone
polymer.
59. The method of claim 44 wherein the lubricant composition
comprises glycerin and a white oil.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates lubricants for food packaging,
packaging business methods and to food containers and lubricated
conveyor apparatus that can move the container or container plus
food composition during production. Such conveyors typically move
the containers to stations that incorporate the food composition
into the container and then further direct the container or food
and container to stations that can clean the container, apply
labels or package the container for further shipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] In commercial container filling or packaging operations,
containers and packaged foods are moved by a conveying system at
high rates of speed. In current operations, copious amounts of
aqueous dilute lubricant solutions are typically applied to the
conveyor or containers using spray or pumping equipment. The
lubricants are directed to the conveyor or container using a
variety of methods. Spray, brush, fountain, drip, flooding or other
means can be used to apply the liquid under some pressure to the
conveyor or container. Such means to apply the liquid lubricant can
create a splash, stream, mist or other directed liquid mass that
can contact the food in a container or remain on the container and
result in a concentration of lubricant in the food. Consumption of
the food or contact with the container can result in the ingestion
of the lubricant residue form the food or container. These
lubricant solutions permit high-speed operation (up to 1000
containers per minute or more) of the conveyor. Aqueous conveyor
lubricants conventionally based on fatty acids, anionic
surfactants, ethoxylated amines or fatty amines are not currently
qualified for contact or indirect contact with food. Any contact
between food and lubricant can render the food unfit for human
consumption under current FDA regulations including for example 21
CFR .sctn..sctn.1.172, 1.178 and 1.182. These regulations also
define "food grade" additive materials. Further, such lubricants
typically contain ingredients that can promote microbes or can
react with spilled carbonated beverages or other food or liquid
components to form unwanted solid deposits.
[0003] Certain aqueous conveyor lubricants are formulated for
thermoplastic beverage containers made of polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) and other thermoplastics. Dilute aqueous
lubricants typically require use of large amounts of water on the
conveying line, which must then be disposed of or recycled, and
which causes an unduly wet environment near the conveyor line.
Current conveyor lubricant systems are classified H-2 according to
regulations in 21 CFR .sctn..sctn.1.172, 1.178 and 1.182. Such
systems are not approved for incidental, indirect or direct contact
with beverage compositions. Any contact between H-2 lubricant
materials and foods that incorporates any important amount of
lubricant into beverage renders the beverage unsuitable for human
consumption. Significant problems have arisen when H-2 lubricants
have come into contact with food materials. When the food
materials, often beverages or other comestibles have been
contaminated with such H-2 lubricants, recalls of these materials
have occurred resulting in substantial loss to the manufacturer.
Because of the safety concerns and the potential of financial
lawsuit to manufacturers, the use of H-2 lubricants can often pose
substantial operating costs and administrative costs including
regulatory review personnel insurance and other costs not directly
related to the costs of lubricating conveyor lines and the costs of
maintaining food purity. Accordingly, a substantial need exists in
the art to obtain lubricants that can be used in a way on
lubricating lines and with respect to containers and containers
containing food such that the food can come into incidental,
indirect or direct contact with lubricating compositions without
rendering the food unfit for human consumption.
[0004] Initially such conveyor systems were lubricated using large
amounts of dilute aqueous lubricant materials. Typical early
conveyor lubricants comprise substantially soluble sodium salt of
the fatty acid or sodium salt of linear alkane sulfonate which
acted to both lubricate and at least to some degree, clean the
conveyor surfaces. Representative examples of such lubricants are
found in Stanton et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,274,973 and Stanton, U.S.
Pat. No. 4,604,220. These materials are considered to be H-2 and
are not approved for contact with foods. A series of soluble
aqueous lubricants were introduced including Rossio et al., U.S.
Pat. Nos. 4,929,375 and 5,073,280; and Wieder et al., U.S. Pat. No.
5,009,801. These patents assert that certain substituted aromatic
compounds, certain couplers and saponifying agents and certain
amine compounds can obtain lubrication in appropriately formulated
materials. Other patents, including Person Hei et al., U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,863,874 and 5,723,418; Besse et al., U.S. Pat. No.
5,863,871; Gutzmann et al., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,559,087 and 5,352,376;
Liu et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,244,589; Schmitt et al., U.S. Pat. No.
5,182,035; Gutzmann et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,174,914; teach conveyor
lubricants that provide adequate lubrication, cleaning and with
minimal chemical attack to PET bottles. Certain lubricating oil
compositions for use with high temperature resistant food
compatible food processing machinery are shown in Butler et al.,
U.S. Pat. No. 6,087,308. Lawate et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,654,
discloses environmentally friendly foodgrade lubricants. Lastly,
Nilbert, U.S. Pat. No. 4,062,785, shows non-aqueous lubricant
compositions used in food handling machinery comprising a white
oil. Other lubricants are used as shackle or trolley lubricants in
meatpacking. Other lubricants available for use in food
applications include can seamer grease typically used to form seams
in aluminum cans. Such materials do not come into contact with the
container conveyor interface area. No currently available lubricant
is considered to be H-1 qualified for lubricating food or beverage
container conveyor contact area.
[0005] A substantial need exists for improved lubricating methods
commonly used in the food or beverage industry. Lubricating
solutions are often used on conveying systems during the filling of
containers with foods or beverages. There are a number of different
requirements that are desirable for such lubricants. For example,
the lubricant should provide an acceptable level of lubricity for
the system. The lubricant preferably has a viscosity which allows
it to be applied by conventional pumping and/or application
apparatus, such as by spraying, roll coating, wet bed coating, and
the like, commonly used in the industry. More importantly the
lubricant should be made of materials that are H-1 approved and can
be contacted with the food or considered to be a food additive and
not result in the food being rejected as not fit for human
consumption.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0006] We have found that substantial savings can occur in the
packaging of food materials in containers using H-1 qualified
lubricants on conveyors that move the container from place to place
during the packaging procedure. The use of an H-1 grade lubricant
in such a conveyor system can alleviate many concerns with respect
to contacting the food material with the lubricant material. Should
some amount of the lubricant come into direct, incidental or
indirect contact with the food, the presence of the H-1 lubricant
in the food does not render the food unsuitable for human
consumption. "Food" as used in this application means any substance
ingested by humans including liquid, solid, semi-solid, composite
comestible materials in the form of water, carbonated beverage, a
food, juice, sports beverage, snack, edible container or carrier.
Such a process an result in substantial savings in the operation of
the food manufacturing and packaging operation and can also result
in substantial savings of money in general administrative and
operating expenses by reducing costs of recall of contaminated
materials (in contact with H-2 lubricants) and in reduced
administrative costs such as reduced insurance costs. U.S.D.A. H-1
lubricants are regulated in 21 C.F.R. .sctn.178 (at 178.3570), 21
C.F.R. .sctn.1.72 and 21 C.F.R. .sctn.1.82. The materials are
formulated to contain ingredients that both lubricate and pass the
stringent guidelines of the Federal regulations. Current conveyor
lubricants are all classified as "H-2" and can be used only in
packaging procedures and conveyor systems in a method that
envisions absolutely no possibility of direct, indirect or
incidental contact with comestible food materials. For the purposes
of this application the terms "Direct, Incidental or Indirect"
contact between lubricant and food means that the food acquires an
amount of lubricant. This amount if in the form of an H-2
composition would render the food unfit for human consumption. For
the purpose of this specification and claims, the term "coating" is
intended to mean a continuous or discontinuous thin liquid layer of
the lubricant dispersions of the invention on a moving conveyor
surface. Such a coating can be formed by applying the liquid to the
surface such that the surface of the conveyor is substantially
completed covered with the lubricant. Alternatively, the term
"coating" can also connote the timed application of the lubricant
such that the lubricant can be applied intermittently to a surface
of a moving conveyor. The intermittent application of the lubricant
can still provide an adequate lubricating layer on the surface. The
lubricant coatings of the invention can develop areas of the
conveyor that do not have any substantial quantity of liquid
lubricant as the lubricant interacts with the conveyor surface, the
containers and the changing conditions as the conveyor moves
through the structure. For the lubricant to work successfully,
there must be an amount of lubricant at the container conveyor
interface to obtain reduced coefficient of friction. In other
words, a successful lubricant coating is present when the lubricant
is present at the interface to successfully reduce friction during
conveying of a container from place to place on a conveyor.
[0007] With ongoing advances in packaging processes, the dynamics
of a conveyor lubricant has been altered in important aspects.
First, filling, capping, seaming or other processing conveyor
speeds have been increased from about a few hundred packages per
minute to over one thousand packages per minute for a number of
containers and in particular, for polyethylene terephthalate
carbonated beverage containers. In filling steel and aluminum cans,
filling rates of 2000 packages per minute can occur. With this
increased speed, there is an increase potential for lubricant
coming into direct, indirect or incidental contact with the
beverage or food material by splashing, spraying or contact with
air borne aerosol lubricant into open containers prior to capping,
sealing or seaming. Second, automation has reduced the need for
worker presence in filling lines. As a consequence, with minimal
oversight or trouble shooting during production, often packages
having some direct or incidental contact between lubricant and food
could go unnoticed for some period of time. Further, in addition to
changes in filling operations, the number of products and the
number of different types of package sizes has changed
dramatically. While one gallon and two liter packages continue to
be very popular, single serve packages have obtained a growing
importance in all product food segments. As a result, single serve
packages result in direct contact between the consumer and the
container during consumption of the contents of the container. Any
chemical residue present on the exterior of a container such as a
polyester bottle, beverage aluminum can, polyethylene sandwich
container, or other material can easily result in an ingestion of
lubricant residue from the exterior of the container during food
consumption.
[0008] The inadvertent adulteration of food products by direct or
incidental contact with lubricants has become a major concern with
beverage manufacturers due to the risk of liability and the
potential for damage to brand name image. Such concerns are
exemplified by the occurrence of contaminated beverage recalls. The
H-1 lubricants contemplated in the methods of the invention are
typically liquid materials that contain a solution dispersion,
emulsion or microemulsion of a lubricant material in a liquid
phase. Liquid phases contemplated by the methods of this invention
are typically manufactured by dispersing lubricant material in an
aqueous phase or an oleophilic phase. Aqueous phases contemplated
in the methods of the invention are typically derived from
deionized water or other purified water sources that qualify as an
H-1 material. Such aqueous phases can contain a solution of useful
materials that can be identified by a review of21 C.F.R.
.sctn..sctn.172, 178 or 182. The oleophilic phase of the lubricants
contemplated in this invention are typically oleophilic materials
such as qualified mineral oils, qualified oils from natural sources
such as corn oil, palm oil, cottonseed oil, etc. Such oils, waxes
and other oleophilic materials are listed in the appropriate
sections of H-1 approved materials in 21 C.F.R. .sctn..sctn.172,
178 and 182.
[0009] A first aspect of the invention comprises a lubricant
formulated using an aqueous carrier using concentrations of
materials that are designed or adapted for direct application to
the conveyor container contact surface without further dilution
with an aqueous stream. A second aspect of the invention comprises
a lubricant comprising an aqueous carrier and a concentration of
active materials that are designed or adapted for dilution with
water to form a dilute lubricant material. In this aspect, the
lubricants are typically formulated for dilution with from about
100 to about 500 parts of aqueous diluent per each 1 part of the
formulated lubricant material. A further aspect of the invention
comprises a lubricant having a formulation dispersed in an
oleophilic carrier which can be applied directly to the interface
between a container and a conveyor surface for lubricating
purposes. Such a lubricant oleophilic formulation can be applied
neat (without dilution). Still another aspect of the invention
comprises a lubricant comprising an oleophilic carrier in a
concentration of active materials that are designed and adapted for
dilution with a diluent which can comprise an oleophilic liquid or
a hydrophilic liquid such as water for application purposes.
[0010] In another aspect of the invention, the methods of the
invention can be used to convey a number of different types of
containers or packages. Such containers include cans, bottles or
cartons and boxes. Cans typically include both steel and aluminum
cans that are typically conveyed with an open top filled with a
food product such as stew, soup, beverage or other dried, aqueous
or composite food product. Bottles include glass or thermoplastic
bottles including polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate,
polyethylene, polypropylene or other common resin materials.
Lastly, cartons or boxes can include materials made from cellulosic
webs that can be used in a corrugated form, a sheet-like form, or a
coated material in which the coatings comprises a wax, a resin or
other printed or non-printed materials.
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The lubricants of the invention can be formulated in a
liquid solution form. Alternatively, the lubricants can be made by
dispersing an oleophilic phase in an aqueous or hydrophilic phase.
Alternatively, the lubricants can be formulated by dispersing an
aqueous or hydrophilic phase in an oleophilic phase. Commonly, the
diluents or continuous phase materials of the invention include
either an aqueous phase which can comprise suitable potable water
or a solution of H1 materials in such potable water diluents. The
oleophilic diluents can comprise typically available edible oils.
The lubricants of the invention can take the form of a single phase
of the formulation. Such single phase can comprise a solution of
oleophilic materials in an oleophilic medium or can comprise
aqueous soluble components in an aqueous medium.
[0012] The aqueous or oleophilic diluents contemplated above can be
combined with a variety of lubricant materials. Lubricant materials
can be used as is or in combination with a variety of other
functional additives for their known uses. The following
non-exclusive list provides direction for selecting H-1
ingredients. This list of ingredients should be read in concert
with 21 C.F.R. .sctn..sctn.1.172, 1.178 and 1.182 which are
expressly incorporated by reference herein for a description of
foodgrade or H-1 qualified materials and their uses.
Antioxidants
[0013] Anoxomer; L-Ascorbic acid; Ascorbyl palmitate; Ascorbyl
stearate; .gamma.-Butyl hydroquinone; Calcium ascorbate; Calcium
lactate; Calcium phosphate (dibasic); Clove and Coffee bean
extract; Disodium citrate; distearyl thiodipropionate; Dodecyl
galleate; Edetic acid; Erythorbic acid;
Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline; Eucalyptus oil;
Fumaric acid; Gallic acid; Gentian extract; Gualec gum; n-Heptyl
p-hydroxybenzoate; Heptyl paraben; Hesperetin;
4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-dl-t-b- utanol; Isopropyl citrate; Lecithin;
Nordihydrogueretic acid; Octyl gallate; Oryzanol;
Phosphatidyicholine; Phosphoric acid; Pimento extract; Potassium
citrate; Potassium metabisulfite; Potassium phosphate; Potassium
sulfite; Propylene glycol; Rapeseed oil; Rice bran extract; Sage
extract; Sodium ascorbete; Sodium carbonate; Sodium citrate; Sodium
erythorbate; Sodium hypophosphite; Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium
sulfite; Sodium tartrate; sodium thiosulfate (anhyd); Sodium
thiosulfate pentahydrate; Stannous chloride (anhyd); Stannous
chloride (dihydrate); Sucrose; L-Tartaric acid; d-a-Tocopheral;
dl-a-Tocophenol; 2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenol.
Binders
[0014] Albumin macro aggregates; Aluminum caprylate; Aluminum
stearate; Arabinogalactan Calcium stearate; Caprylic/capric acid;
Carboxymethylcellulose sodium; Carboxymethyl cellulose;
Carrageenan; Cellulose; Dextrin; Food starch modified;
Gluconolactone; Hydrogenated stearic acid; Hydrogenated vegetable
oil; Magnesium stearate; Methoxyethanol; Methylcellulose;
Microcrystalline cellulose; Mineral oil; Nonoynol-7; Oleic acid;
Pea protein concentrate; various liquid and thickened solid
polyethylene glycol compositions PEG-4; PEG-6; PEG-8; PEG-9;
PEG-12; PEG-14; PEG-16; PEG-24; PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100;
PEG-150; PEG-200; Polyethylene glycol; Potassium oleate; Potassium
polymetaphosphate; Potassium stearate; Potassium tripolyphosphate;
Rennet Sodium cassinate; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium laurate;
Sodium metaphosposphate; Sodium myristate; Sodium oleate; Sodium
palmitate; Sodium stearate; Soy acid; Soy protein; Tallow acid;
Trimyriatin; Whey, dry; Whey protein conc; Whey, reduced lactose;
Whey, reduced minerals; Zanthan gum.
Bleaching Agents or Decolorizing Agents
[0015] Acetone peroxide Ammonium persulfate; Azodicarbonamide;
Benzoyl peroxide Carbon, activated; Catalase; Chloromethylated
aminated styrene divinylbenzene resin ammonium chloride;
H.sub.2O.sub.2.multidot.BrO.sub.3- ; Lipoxidase; Sodium
hydrosulfite; Sodium hypochlorite; Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium
sulfite; Sulfur dioxide.
Emulsifiers
[0016] Acacia; Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides;
Acetylated hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride; Acetylated
hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride; Acetylated lard glyceride;
Acetylated mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Acetylated
tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Acyl
lactylates; Agar; Albumen; Algin; Alginic acid; Aluminum caprylate;
Aluminum stearate; Ammonium alginate; Ammonium carrageenan;
Ammonium furcelleran; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Arabinogalactan;
Ascorbyl palmitate; Bakers yeast extract; Bentonite Calcium
carrageenan; Calcium citrate; Calcium dihydrogen pyrophosphate;
Calcium furcelleran; Calcium lactate; Calcium phosphate monobasic
monohydrate; Calcium phosphate tribasic; Calcium/sodium stearoyl
lactylate; Calcium stearate; Calcium stearoyl lactylate; Canola oil
glyceride; Capric triglyceride; Caprylic/capric triglyceride;
Capryllic triglyceride; Carrageenan; Cellulose; Cholesterol; Cholic
acid; Coconut oil; Corn glycerides; Corn oil; Cottonseed glyceride;
Cottonseed oil; Damer; Diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and
diglycerides; Disodium citrate; Disodium phosphate, dihydrate;
Disodium pyrophosphate; Furcelleran; Glyceryl caprate; Glyceryl
caprylate/caprate; Glyceryl citrate/lactate/linoleate/oleate;
Glyceryl cocoate; Glyceryl cottonseed oil; Glyceryl dioleate;
Glyceryl dioleste SE; Glyceryl disterate; Glyceryl distearate SE;
Glyceryl d/tribehenate; Glyceryl lactoesters; Glyceryl lactoeleate;
Glyceryl lactopalmitate/stearate; Glyceryl laurate; Glyceryl
laurate SE; Glyceryl linoleate; Glyceryl mono/dilaurate; Glyceryl
mono/dioleate; Glyceryl mono/distearate; Glyceryl
mono/distearate-palmitate; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl oleate SE;
Glyceryl palmitate; Glyceryl palmitate lactate; Glyceryl palmitate
stearate; Glyceryl ricinoleate; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Glyceryl
soyate; Glyceryl stearate; Glyceryl stearate citrate; Glyceryl
state lactate; Glyceryl stearate SE; Guar gum Gum ghelti;
Hydrogenated cottonseed glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glyceride;
Hydrogenated lard glycerides; Hydrogenated palm glyceride;
Hydrogenated rapeseed oil; Hydrogenated soybean glycerides;
Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride;
Hydrogenated tallow glyceride citrate; Hydrogenated tallow
glyceride lactate; Hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Hydrogenated
vegetable glyceride; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides;
Hydrogenated vegetable oil. Hydroxylated lecithin;
Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Karaya gum;
Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids;
Lactylic esters of fatty acids; Lard; Lard glyceride; Lard
glycerides; Lecithin; Locust bean gum; Magnesium stearate;
Methylcellulose; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Mono- and diglycerides of
fatty acids; Mono- and diglycerides, sodium phosphate derives;
Octenyl succinic anhydride; Oleth-23; Palm glyceride; Palm oil;
Palm oil sucroglyceride; Peanut glycerides; Peanut oil; Pea protein
concentrate; Pectin; PEG-20 dilaurate; PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate;
PEG-20 glyceryl stearate; PEG-40 sorbitan hexataliate; PEG-20
sorbitan tritaliate; PEG-6 stearate; PEG-8 stearate; PEG-40
stearate; Pentapotassium triphosphate; Phosphatidylcholine;
Polyglyceryl-10 decasterate; Polyglyceryl-10 decastearate;
Polyglyceryl-2 dilsostearate; Polyglyceryl-3 dilsostearate;
Polyglyceryl-5 dilsostearate; Polyglyceryl-3 dioleate;
Polyglyceryl-6 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-10 dioleate; Polyglyceryl-10
dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-2 distearate; Polyglyceryl-3 distearate;
Polyglyceryl-5 distearate; Polyglyceryl-6 distearate;
Polyglyceryl-10 distearate; Polyglyceryl-8 hexaoleate;
Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 isostearate;
Polyglycaryl-10 laurate; Polyglyceryl-10 linoleate; Polyglyceryl-10
myristate; Polyglyceryl-2 oleate; Polyglyceryl-3 oleate;
Polyglyceryl-4 oleate; Polyglyceryl-6 oleate; Polyglyceryl-8
oleate; Polyglyceryl-4 pentaoleate; Polyglyceryl-10 pentaoleate;
Polyglyceryl-4 pentastearate; Polyglyceryl polyyricinoleate;
Polyglyceryl-2 sesquioleate; Polyglyceryl-2 stearate;
Polyglyceryl-3 stearate; Polyglyceryl-4 stearate; Polyglyceryl-8
stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polyglyceryl-10 tetraoleate;
Polyglyceryl-2 tetrastearate; Polyglyceryl-2 trisosterate;
Polyglyceryl -4 tristearate; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 21,
Potassium alginate; Potassium citrate; Potassium furcelleran;
Potassium oleate; Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate
tribasic; Potassium polymetaphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate
anhyd; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Potassium
tripolyphosphate; Propylane glycol; Propylene glycol alginate;
Propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate; Propylene glycol esters of
fatty acids; Propylene glycol laurate; Propylene glycol laurate SE;
Propylane glycol monodistearate; Propylene glycol oleate; Propylene
glycol oleate SE; Propylene glycol palmitate; Propylene glycol
ricinoleate; Propylene glycol ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol
ricinoleate SE; Propylene glycol stearate; Propylene glycol
stearate SE; Rapeseed oil glyceride; Saccharose distearate;
Saccharose mono/distearate; Saccharose palmitate; Safflower
glyceride; Safflower oil; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium
aluminum phosphate acid; Sodium aluminum phosphate, basic; Sodium
carrageenan; Sodium caseinate; Sodium furcellaran; Sodium
hexametaphosphate; Sodium hypophosphite; Sodium laurate; Sodium
lauryl sulfate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic;
Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate;
Sodium stearate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate; Sodium tartrate;
Sorbitan caprylate; Sorbitan myristate; Sorbitan palmitate;
Sorbitan sesquioleate; Sorbitan sesquistearate; Sorbitan stearate;
Sorbitan trioleate; Sorbitan tristearate; Sorbitan tritallate;
Soybean oil; Soy protein; Steareth-20; Stearyl-2-lactyle acid;
Succinylated monoglycerides; Succistearin; Sucrose dilaurata;
Sucrose distearate; Sucrose erucate; Sucrose fatty acid esters;
Sucrose laurate; Sucrose myristate; Sucrose oleate; Sucrose
palmitate; Sucrose polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate; Sucrose
polyoleate; Sucrose polystearate; Sucrose stearate; Sucrose
tetrastearate triacetate; Sucrose tribehenete; Sucrose tristerate;
Sunflower seed oil; Sunflower seed oil glyceride; Sunflower seed
oil glycerides; Superglycerinated hydrogenated rapeseed oil; Tallow
glyceride; Tallow glycerides; Tartaric acid esters of mono- and
diglycerides, Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate; Tetrasodium
pyrophosphate; Tragacanth gum; Triaodium citrate; Xanthan gum.
Lipid/Grease
[0017] Acetylated hydrogenated coconut glycerides; Acetylated
hydrogenated soybean oil glyceride; Acetylated mono- and
diglycerides of fatty acids; Beeswax; C8-10 fatty acid
triglyceride; Calcium carbonate; Calcium silicate; Calcium
stearate; Candle wax; Capric acid; Caprylic acid; Caprylic/capric
acid; Carnauba; Castor oil; Coconut oil; Cottonseed oil;
Dimethicone; Ethylene distearamide; Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl
dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate; Glyceryl distearate; SE: Glyceryl
laurate SE; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl ricinoleate; SE; Glyceryl
stearate; Glyceryl tricaprylate/caprate; Glyceryl trienanthate;
Hydrogenated sperm oil; Hydrogenated stearic acid; Hydrogenated
vegetable glycerides phosphate; Hydrogenated vegetable oil;
Lecithin; Linoleamide; Magnesium carbonate hydroxide; Magnesium
oxide; Magnesium silicate; Magnesium stearate; D-Mannitol;
Microcrystalline cellulose; Microcrystalline wax; Mineral oil;
Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids; Mono- and diglycerides;
sodium phosphate derivatives; Oleamide; Oleyl alcohol; Oxystearin;
Palmitamide; Palmitic acid; Palm oil; PEG-4; PEG-8; PEG-9; PEG-12;
PEG-14; PEG-16; PEG-20; PEG-32; PEG-40; PEG-75; PEG-100; PEG-150;
PEG-200; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-8 oleate; Petrolatum; Polyethylene
glycol; Rice bran wax; Sodium glyceryl oleate phosphate; Soy acid;
Soybean oil; Stearamide; Stearic acid; Sucrose dilaurate; Sucrose
distearate; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose myristate; Sucrose
polylaurate; Sucrose polylinoleate; Sucrose polyoleate; Sucrose
stearate; Sucrose tetrastearate triecetate; Sucrose tribahanate;
Talc; Trimyristin; Tristearin.
Oxidizing Agents or Reducing Agents
[0018] NaO.sub.4; Benzoyl peroxide; Calcium peroxide; Catalase;
L-Cystaine; ClO.sub.2; H.sub.2O.sub.2; KOH Sodium thiosulfate
anhyd; Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate; Stannous chloride
anhyd.
Buffers, pH Modifiers
[0019] Ammonia diphosphate; Ammonium alum; Ammonium bicarbonate;
Ammonium carbonate; Ammonium isovalerate; Ammonium phosphate;
Ammonium phosphate, dibasic; Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride;
Calcium citrate; Calcium gluconate; Calcium hydroxide; Calcium
lactate; Calcium phosphate monobasic monohydrate; Calcium
pyrophosphate; Calcium sulfate; Carbon dioxide; Citric acid;
Cyclamic acid; Disodium citrate; Disodium phosphate; dihydrate;
Disodium succinate; Fumaric acid; D-Gluconic acid; Gluconolactone;
Glycine; Hydrochloric acid; N-Hydroxysuccinic acid; a-Ketoglutaric
acid; Lactic acid; Magnesium carbonate; Magnesium carbonate
hydroxide; Magnesium hydroxide; Magnesium oxide; Magnesium
phosphate; dibasic; Magnesium phosphate; tribasic Pentapotassium
triphosphate; Potassium acetate; Potassium alum dodecahydrate;
Potassium bicarbonate; Potassium carbonate; Potassium chloride;
Potassium citrate; KOH; Potassium lactate; Potassium phosphate;
Potassium phosphate dibasic; Potassium phosphate tribasic;
Potassium polymetaphosphate; Potassium sodium tartrate anhyd;
Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium acetate trihydrate;
Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium alum; Sodium aluminum phosphate
acidic; Sodium bicarbonate; Sodium bisulfate; Sodium bisulfate
solid; Sodium carbonate; Sodium citrate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium
fumerate; Sodium lactate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium phosphate;
Sodium phosphate dibasic; Sodium phosphate tribasic; Sodium
phosphate tribasic dodecahydrate; Sodium sesquicarbonate; Sodium
succinate; Sodium tartrate; Succinic acid; Succinic anhydride;
Sulfuric acid; Tannic acid; L-Tartaric acid; Tetrapotassium
pyrophosphate; Trisodium citrate.
Thickeners
[0020] Agar; Alcohol; Ammonium persulfate; Anoxomer; L-Ascorbic
acid; Ascorbyl palmitate Benzylparaben; Butylparaben; Calcium
acetate; Calcium ascorbate; Calcium banzoate; Calcium bromide;
Calcium chloride; Calcium citrate; Calcium disodium EDTA; Calcium
formate; Calcium propionate; Calcium sorbate; Caprylic acid; Carbon
dioxide; Catalese; Cetalkonium chloride; Chlorine; Corlander oil;
Dehydroacetic acid; 2,2-Dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide; Diethyl
fumarate; Dilauryl thlodipropionate; Dimethyl dicarbonate; Dimethyl
fumarate; Disodium cyanodithiomidocarbonate; Distearyl citrate
Erythorbic acid; 8-Ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline;
Ethylenediaminie; Ethyl fumarate; Ethyl paraben; Glucose oxidase;
Gluteral; Glyceryl cottonseed oil n-Heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate;
Heptyl paraben; Hexamethylene tetramine; Hydrogen peroxide;
4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-t-butylphenol; Imazall; Isobutyl
p-hydroxybenzoate; Isopropyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Lauralkonium
chloride; Methyl fumarate; Myristalkonium chloride; Nabam;
Natarmycin; Nisin; Potassium acid tartrate; Potassium benzoate;
Potassium bleufite; Potassium butyl paraben; Potassium
ethylparaben; Potassium metabisulfite; Potassium
N-methyldithiocarbonate; Potassium nitrate; Potassium nitrite;
Potassium propylparaben; Potassium sorbate; Potassium sulfite;
Potassium trichlorophenate; Propylparaben; Relinol; Retinyl
acetate; Salicylic acid; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium
ascorbate; Sodium benzoate; Sodium bisulfate solid; Sodium
bisulfite; Sodium butylparaben; Sodium chloride; Sodium
dehydroacetate; Sodium diacetate; Sodium dimethyldithiocarbanate;
Sodium formate; Sodium hypophosphite; Sodium metabisulfite; Sodium
methylparaben; Sodium nitrate; Sodium nitrite; Sodium
pentachlorophenate; Sodium propylparaben; Sodium sorbate; Sodium
sulfite; Sorbic acid; Stannous chloride anhyd; Stearalkonium
chloride; Stearyl citrate; Sucrose; Sucrose erucate; Sulfur
dioxide; n-Tetradecyl dimethyl ethybenzyl ammonium chloride;
Thiabendazole; d-a-Tocopherol; Tragecanth gum;
2,4,5-Trihydroxybutyrophenone; Tristearyl citrate; Zinc
chloride.
Processing Aids
[0021] Acacia; Acetone; Acrylates/acrylamide copolymer; Agar;
Albumen; Alcohol; Algin; Alginic acid; Ammonia; Ammonium alum;
Ammonium chloride; Ammonium hydroxide; Ammonium phosphate, dibasic;
Bentonite; Bromelain; Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride; Calcium
glutonate; Calcium hydroxide; Calcium silicate; Calcium/sodium
stearoyl lactylate; Calcium sulfate; Candida guillermonda; Candida
lipolytica; Caramel; Carbohydraes; Carbohydrase-cellilase;
Carbohydrase from Aspergillus niger; Carbohydrase from Rhizopus
oryzea; Carbon, activated; Carbon balck; Carbon dioxide; Carnauba;
Casein; Catalase; Cellulase; Cellulose; Chlorine; Chloromethylated
aminated styrene-divinylbanzene resin; Cobalt; Cocamide DEA; Cocoa
butter substitute; Coconut oil; Copper; Corn oil; Cottonseed flour,
partially defatted, cooked; Cottonseed oil; Cupric sulfate
(anhydrous); Cupric sulfate (pentahydrate); cyclodextrin; Dextrin;
Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; Distomaceious earth;
Diethylaminoethyl cellulose; Dimethylamine/epichlorohydrin
copolymer; Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.
Sequestrants
[0022] Ascorbyl palmitate; Calcium acetate; Calcium chloride;
Calcium citrate; Calcium diacetate; Calcium disodium EDTA; Calcium
gluconate; Calcium hexametaphosphate; Calcium phosphate monobasic
monohydrate; Calcium phylate; Citric acid; Disodium citrate;
Disodium pyrophosphate; Distearyl citrate; Gluconolactone;
Isopropyl citrate; Oxystearin; Pentapotassium triphosphate;
Pentasodium triphosphate; Potassium citrate; Potassium D-gluconate;
Potassium phosphate; Potassium phosphate tribasic; Potassium sodium
tartrate anhyd; Potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate; Sodium acid
phosphate; Sodium acid pyrophosphate; Sodium carbonate; Sodium
diacetate; Sodium hexametaphosphate; Sodium metaphosphate; Sodium
phosphate; Sodium phosphate dibasic; Sodium phosphate tribasic;
Sodium tartrate; Sodium thiosulfate anhyd; Sodium thiosulfate
pentahydrate; Starch; Succinic acid; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate;
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate; Triethyl citrate; Tristearyl
citrate.
Solubilizers
[0023] Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids;
Glyceryl caprylate; Glyceryl caprylate/caprate; Isocetyl alcohol;
Monoglyceride citrate; Nonoxynol-16-14 PEG-6 dilaurate; PEG-20
dilaurate; PEG-32 dilaurate; PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate;
PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-20 dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate;
PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6 distearate; PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32
distearate; PEG-75 distearate; PEG-20 glyceryl isostearate; PEG-30
glyceryl isostearate; PEG-20 glyceryl laurate; PEG-30 glyceryl
laurate; PEG-20 glyceryl oleate; PEG-30 glyceryl oleate; PEG-15
glyceryl ricinoleate; PEG-30 glyceryl stearate; PEG-25 glyceryl
trioleate; PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil; PEG-60 hydrogenated
castor oil; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-8 oleate; PEG-32 oleate; PEG-40
sorbitan dilisostearate; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan
tritaltate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Poloxamer 105;
Poloxamer 108; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124; Poloxamer 181;
Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 184; Poloxamer 185; Poloxamer 188;
Poloxamer 212; Poloxamer 215; Poloxamer 217; Poloxamer 231;
Poloxamer 234; Poloxamer 235; Poloxamer 237; Poloxamer 238;
Poloxamer 282; Poloxamer 284; Poloxamer 288; Poloxamer 231;
Poloxamer 333; Poloxamer 334; Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338;
Poloxamer 401; Poloamer 402; Poloxamer 403; Poloxamer 407;
Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate; Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 61;
Polysorbate 80; Polysorbate 81; Polysorbate 85; Sorbitan laurate;
Sucrose distearate; Sucrose stearate; Triolein.
Surfactant
[0024] Algin; Alumina; Ammoniated glycyrrhizin; Ammonium caseinate;
Calcium lignosulfonate; Calcium silicate; Calcium/sodium stearoyl
lactylate; Carboxymethyl methylcellulose; Cellulose; Citric acid;
Cobalt sulfate (ous); Glyceryl caprylate; Glyceryl cottonseed oil;
Glyceryl dioleate; Glyceryl dioleate SE; Glyceryl distearate;
Glyceryl distearate SE; Glyceryl isostearate; Glyceryl laurate;
Glyceryl laurate SE; Glyceryl oleate; Glyceryl oleate SE; Glyceryl
ricinoleate; Glyceryl ricinoleate SE; Glyceryl stearate SE; Guar
gum; Hydrogenated lard glyceride; Hydrogenated lard glycerides;
Hydrogenated palm glyceride; Hydrogenated soybean glycerides;
Hydrogenated soy glyceride; Hydrogenated tallow glyceride;
Hydrogenated tallow glycerides; Hydrogenated vegetable glycerides;
Hydroxypropylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; Lactylated
fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol; Lactylic esters
of fatty acids; Lard glycerides; Licorice; Licorice extract;
Licorice root extract; Methyl ethyl cellulose; Methyl
glucoside-coconut oil ester; Microcrystalline cellulose; Mono- and
diglycerides of fatty acids; Mono- and diglycerides; sodium
phosphate derivatives; Nonoxynol-10; Nonoxynol-11 Palm glyceride;
Palm oil sucroglyceride; Pea protein concentrate; PEG-32 dilaurate;
PEG-75 dilaurate; PEG-150 dilaurate; PEG-6 dioleate; PEG-20
dioleate; PEG-32 dioleate; PEG-75 dioleate; PEG-150 dioleate; PEG-6
distearate; PEG-20 distearate; PEG-32 distearate; PEG-75
distearate; PEG-32 laurate; PEG-6 oleate; PEG-8 oleate; PEG-32
oleate; PEG-75 oleate; PEG-80 sorbitan laurate; PEG-20 sorbitan
tritalate; PEG-32 stearate; PEG-75 stearate; Phosphatidylcholine;
Poloxamer 105; Poloxamer 122; Poloxamer 123; Poloxamer 124;
Poloxamer 181; Poloxamer 182; Poloxamer 183; Poloxamer 184;
Poloxamer 185; Poloxamer 188; Poloxamer 331; Poloxamer 333;
Poloxamer 334; Poloxamer 335; Poloxamer 338; Poloxamer 401;
Poloxamer 402; Poloxamer 403; Poloxamer 407; Polyethylene glycol;
Polyglyceryl-10 dipalmitate; Polyglyceryl-10 hexaoleate;
Polyglyceryl-10 stearate; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 40;
Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 80; Polysorbate 85;
Poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) homopolymer; Potassium acid tartrate;
Potassium persulfate; Potassium tripolyphosphate; Propylene glycol;
Propylene glycol alginate; PVP Quilfala Simethicone; Sodium acid
pyrophosphate; Sodium decylbenzane sulfonate; Sodium glyceryl
oleate phosphate; Sodium lauryl sulfate; Sodium stearoyl lactylate;
Sorbitan sesquiloleate; Sorbitan tritaliate; Sucrose dilaurate;
Sucrose distearate; Sucrose erucate; Sucrose laurate; Sucrose
myristate; Sucrose stearate; Sucrose tribehanate; Sunflower seed
oil glycerides Tallow glycerides; Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate;
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Xanthan gum; Yucca.
[0025] The following Examples of formulations exemplify the
inventive concepts and provide a best mode.
1 H-1 Raw Material % Weight Example 1 Glycerin (96% active) 75.7 DI
Water 20.3 Lambert E-2175 Silicone emulsion 2 Example 2 Glycerin
(96% active) 77.24 DI Water 20.71 Lambert E-2175 Silicone emulsion
2.05 Example 3 Glycerin (96% active) 77.95 DI Water 20.1 Mineral
Seal Oil (White Oil) 4.95 Example 4 Glycerin (96% active) 7.24 DI
Water 0.71 Mineral Seal Oil (White Oil) 2.05 Example 5 Glycerin
(96%) 56.76 Lambert E-2140-FG 1.54 Silicone emulsion DI Water 41.7
Example 6 Glycerin (96%) 55.66 Lambert E-2175 Silicone emulsion
1.47 DI Water 42.87
[0026] The following materials can be made:
2 H-1 Raw Material % Weight Example 7 C.sub.10-16 Fatty acid
mixture, potassium salt 2 Polyethylene glycol (PEG 24) 10
Polysorbate surfactant (TWEEN 20) 0.1 water 87.9 Example 8
C.sub.10-16 Fatty acid mixture, potassium salt 3 Polyethylene
glycol dioleate (PEG 32) 12 Polysorbate surfactant (TWEEN 40) 0.1
Polysorbate 40; EO.sub.40 Sorbate laurate ester water 84.9 Example
9 Poloxamer 284; EO.sub.21PO.sub.47EO.sub.21 10 polysorbate
surfactant (Tween 80) 2 Polysorbate 80; EO.sub.80 Sorbate laurate
ester Water 88
[0027] The materials of Examples 5-6, comprising an H-1 silicone
emulsion were blended such that the silicone was in the form of a
microemulsion in a continuous aqueous phase containing glycerine.
Examples 3 and 4 were agitated until the white oil uniformly
dispersed in the continuous aqueous phase containing glycerin.
[0028] The product of Example 1 was tested for COF. FIG. 1 is a
graphical representation of the friction data arising from the
testing done with the Lubricant of Example 1. The results are as
follows:
3 Lube (Ex. 1) Applied COF Lube Applied Lub per unit area g
unitless parameter g g.sq In 4 0.0846 4 0.002564 5 0.0717 5
0.003205 7 0.066 7 0.004487 10 0.0554 10 0.006410 15 0.0584 15
0.009615 20 0.0621 20 0.012821 Conveyor surface: 2 .times. 3.25"
.times. 20 ft = 6.5" .times. 2012 = 1560 sq. In
[0029] The determination of lubricity (Coefficient of friction
(COF) of the lubricant was measured on a short track conveyor
system. The conveyor was equipped with two belts from Rexnord. The
belt was Rexnord LF (polyacetal) thermoplastic belt of 3.25" width
and 20 ft long. The lubricant was applied to the dry conveyor
surface evenly with a bottle wash brush. The conveyor system was
run at a speed of 100 ft/min. Six 2 L bottles filled with beverage
were stacked in a rack on the track with a total weight of 16.15
kg. The rack was connected to a strain gauge by a wire. As the
belts moved, force was exerted on the strain gauge by the pulling
action of the rack on the wire. A computer recorded the pull
strength.
[0030] The belt is allowed to run for about 15 minutes during which
time a consistently low COF is observed. The COF is calculated on
the basis of the measured force and the mass of the bottles,
averaged over the run duration.
[0031] The above specification, examples and data provide a
complete description of the manufacture and use of the composition
of the invention. Since many embodiments of the invention can be
made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention,
the invention resides in the claims hereinafter appended.
* * * * *