U.S. patent application number 09/781986 was filed with the patent office on 2002-08-15 for collapsible container.
Invention is credited to Fredrickson, Eric V., Langer, Steven, Lessard, Claude, Moorman, Stephen E., Nolet, Roch.
Application Number | 20020108950 09/781986 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 25124562 |
Filed Date | 2002-08-15 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020108950 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Moorman, Stephen E. ; et
al. |
August 15, 2002 |
Collapsible container
Abstract
A collapsible container that comprises first and second
sidewalls and first and second end walls pivotally connected to a
base. The first sidewall includes at least one latching member that
cooperates with a latching member of the first end wall to secure
the first sidewall and the first end wall together when the first
sidewall and the first end wall are in upright positions. The
container also includes a wall locking system that has a plurality
of locking members on the first sidewall and at least one locking
member on the first end wall. The locking member on the first end
wall cooperates with the locking members on the first sidewall to
prevent the first sidewall from moving relative to the first end
wall in at least one direction when the first sidewall and first
end wall are in upright positions. The container further includes a
wall alignment system that has a first member extending from one of
the sidewalls, and a second member that extends from one of the end
walls. According to the present invention, the first and second
members of the wall alignment system cooperate to align adjacent
sidewalls and end walls before the sidewalls and end walls achieve
a completely upright position.
Inventors: |
Moorman, Stephen E.;
(Lawrenceville, GA) ; Langer, Steven; (Atlanta,
GA) ; Lessard, Claude; (Levis, CA) ; Nolet,
Roch; (St. Joseph De Beauce, CA) ; Fredrickson, Eric
V.; (Lancaster, MA) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BANNER & WITCOFF
1001 G STREET N W
SUITE 1100
WASHINGTON
DC
20001
US
|
Family ID: |
25124562 |
Appl. No.: |
09/781986 |
Filed: |
February 14, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/7 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D 11/1833
20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
220/7 |
International
Class: |
B65D 006/12; B65D
006/16; B65D 006/28; B65D 008/14 |
Claims
We claim:
1. A collapsible container comprises: a) first and second sidewalls
pivotally connected to a base, and first and second end walls
pivotally connected to said base, said first sidewall includes at
least one latching member that cooperates with a latching member of
said first end wall to secure said first sidewall and said first
end wall together when said first sidewall and said first end wall
are in upright positions; b) a wall locking system that includes a
plurality of first wall locking members on said first sidewall and
at least one second wall locking member on said first end wall,
said second wall locking member cooperates with said first wall
locking members to prevent the first sidewall from moving relative
to said first end wall in at least one direction when the first
sidewall and first end wall are in upright positions; and c) a wall
alignment system that includes a first member extending from one of
said sidewalls and a second member that extends from one of said
end walls, wherein said first and second members of said wall
alignment system cooperate to align adjacent sidewalls and end
walls before said sidewalls and end walls achieve a completely
upright position.
2. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said
first member of said alignment system includes a spur that extends
in a direction away from an outer side edge of said one of said
sidewalls, and said second member of said alignment system includes
a pair of receiving members that extend in a direction away from a
face of said one of said end walls, said receiving members form an
opening for slidably receiving said first member when said first
sidewall and said first end wall are moved to the upright
position.
3. The collapsible container according to claim 2 wherein said
receiving members extend along a portion of said one of said end
walls and form a spur receiving groove having a tapered receiving
end.
4. The collapsible container according to claim 2 wherein said one
of said sidewalls is said first sidewall, and wherein said spur is
positioned along the height of the said first sidewall between
adjacent first wall locking members.
5. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said
sidewalls and end walls each include a plurality of latching
members.
6. The collapsible container according to claim 5 wherein said
first sidewall latching member includes a plate extending along the
length of said first sidewall in the direction of said first end
wall.
7. The collapsible container according to claim 5 wherein said
first end wall latching member includes a biased panel that
deflects away from an interior of the container under pressure.
8. The collapsible container according to claim 7 wherein said
biased panel is connected to said first end wall at a flexible
hinge.
9. The collapsible container according to claim 7 wherein said
inner surface of said panel is contoured so that it includes a
first region and a second region that extend different depths into
the interior of the container.
10. The collapsible container according to claim 7 further
including a deformation prevention member that extends between an
outer rear surface of said biased panel and an outer rear surface
of said first end wall for limiting the distance that the biased
panel can deflect.
11. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein the
first end wall latching member includes a biased panel that
deflects away from an interior of the container under pressure.
12. The collapsible container according to claim 11 further
including a deformation prevention member that extends between a
rear surface of said biased panel and a rear surface of said first
end wall for limiting the distance that the biased panel can
deflect.
13. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said at
least one second wall locking member is received between two of
said first wall locking members.
14. The collapsible container according to claim 13 wherein said at
least one second wall locking member includes a plurality of second
wall locking members.
15. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said
wall locking system forms dovetail joints at corners of said
container.
16. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said
container is stackable.
17. The collapsible container according to claim 16 wherein an
upper surface of the sidewalls and end walls include stacking tabs
for mating with a bottom surface of another container.
18. The collapsible container according to claim 17 wherein a lower
surface of said base includes a plurality of receiving pockets
positioned about its periphery for receiving stacking tabs from
another container.
19. The collapsible container according to claim 1 further
comprising: a) a hinging system for securing said first sidewall to
said base, said hinging system including plural hinging members and
a pivot axis about which said first sidewall pivots; b) a plurality
of support members extending away from a surface of said first
sidewall or an upper surface of said base; and c) a plurality of
support receiving members positioned on the other of said surface
of said first sidewall or said upper surface of said base for
receiving said support members, each said support member and
respective support receiving member being positioned between an
outermost surface of an outermost hinging member and one of the
ends of the first sidewall.
20. The collapsible container according to claim 19 wherein said
support members each include a protrusion that extends away from a
lower surface of said first sidewall, and said support receiving
members each include an opening in said base.
21. The collapsible container according to claim 19 wherein said
first sidewall is free of said support members and support
receiving members in between the outermost hinge members.
22. The collapsible container according to claim 1 wherein said
second sidewall includes a hinging system for securing said second
sidewall to said base; and said second sidewall further includes a
plurality of support members proximate its first and second
ends.
23. A collapsible container comprising: a) a base, a plurality of
sidewalls and a plurality of end walls, said sidewalls and end
walls being secured to said base so that said sidewalls and end
walls can move relative to said base and each other, one of said
sidewalls cooperating with one of said end walls to form a corner
of said container when positioned upright; b) a wall alignment
system including a first member extending away from a face of said
one sidewall or said one end wall, and a pair of receiving members
extending away from a face of the other of said one sidewall and
said one end wall, said receiving members forming an opening for
slidably receiving said first member when said one sidewall and
said one end wall are being moved to an upright position; and c) a
latching system having a first latching member on said one sidewall
and a second latching member on said one end wall, wherein said
latching members cooperate to secure the one sidewall and one end
wall together as said corner is formed.
24. The collapsible container according to claim 23 further
comprising a locking system for locking said sidewalls to the
cooperating end walls, said locking system including a first set of
locking members on said sidewalls that mate with a second set of
locking members on said end walls for securely holding the walls in
a fixed relationship.
25. The collapsible container according to claim 24 wherein the
locking members on each of said sidewalls are received between a
pair of the locking members on a respective cooperating end
wall.
26. The collapsible container according to claim 23 wherein said
first latching member includes a plate extending along the length
of said one sidewall in the direction of said one end wall.
27. The collapsible container according to claim 26 wherein said
second latching member includes a biased panel that deflects away
from an interior of the container under pressure.
28. The collapsible container according to claim 27 wherein said
biased panel is connected to said one end wall at a flexible
hinge.
29. The collapsible container according to claim 27 further
including a deformation prevention member that extends between a
rear surface of said biased panel and a rear surface of said one
end wall for limiting the distance that the biased panel can
deflect.
30. The collapsible container according to claim 23 wherein the
first latching member includes a biased panel that deflects under
pressure away from an interior of the container, and a deformation
prevention member that extends between a rear surface of said
biased panel and a rear surface of said one end wall.
31. The collapsible container according to claim 23 wherein said
first member of said alignment system includes a spur; and said
receiving members extend along a portion of said one of said end
walls and form a spur receiving groove having a tapered receiving
end.
33. The collapsible container according to claim 23 wherein said
container is stackable.
34. The collapsible container according to claim 33 wherein an
upper surface of the sidewalls and end walls include stacking tabs
for mating with a bottom surface of another container.
35. The collapsible container according to claim 34 wherein a lower
surface of said base includes a plurality of receiving pockets
positioned about its periphery for receiving stacking tabs from
another container.
36. The collapsible container according to claim 23 further
comprising: a) a hinging system for securing said one sidewall to
said base, said hinging system including plural hinging members and
a pivot axis about which said one sidewall pivots; b) a plurality
of support members extending away from a surface of said one
sidewall or an upper surface of said base; and c) a plurality of
support receiving members positioned on the other of said surface
of said one sidewall or said upper surface of said base for
receiving said support members, each said support member and
respective support receiving member being positioned between an
outermost surface of an outermost hinging member and one of the
ends of the one sidewall.
37. The collapsible container according to claim 36 wherein said
one sidewall is free of said support members and support receiving
members in between the outermost hinge members.
38. A collapsible container comprises: a) a base; b) a plurality of
walls, at least one of said walls including first and second ends
having first and second end surfaces, respectively, that extend
perpendicular to the length of said at least one wall; c) a hinging
system for securing the at least one wall to said base, said
hinging system including plural hinging members and a pivot axis
about which the at least one wall pivots; d) a plurality of support
members extending away from a surface of said at least one wall or
an upper surface of said base; and e) a plurality of support
receiving members positioned on the other of said surface of said
at least one wall or said upper surface of said base for receiving
said support members, each said support member and respective
support receiving member being positioned between an outermost
surface of an outermost hinging member and one of the ends of the
at least one wall.
39. The collapsible container according to claim 38 wherein said
plurality of walls includes first and second sidewalls and first
and second end walls.
40. The collapsible container according to claim 38 further
including an alignment system for properly positioning said walls
relative to each other while said container is being unfolded.
41. The collapsible container according to claim 38 wherein said
container is stackable.
42. The collapsible container according to claim 41 wherein an
upper surface of the sidewalls and end walls include stacking tabs
for mating with a bottom surface of another container.
43. The collapsible container according to claim 42 wherein a lower
surface of said base includes a plurality of receiving pockets
positioned about its periphery for receiving stacking tabs from
another container.
44. The collapsible container according to claim 38 wherein said
support members each include a protrusion, and said support
receiving members each include an opening in said base.
45. The collapsible container according to claim 39 wherein said
first sidewall is free of said support members and support
receiving members in between the outermost hinging members.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-purpose collapsible
container for storing and transporting goods. More particularly,
the present invention relates to a multi-purpose container with
foldable walls that are easily and reliably secured together in
their upright positions in order to provide a stable, stackable and
easily collapsible carrying container.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Collapsible containers, also known as collapsible crates,
are commonly used to transport and store a variety of items. These
containers are typically formed of injection molded plastic and are
frequently adapted to receive perishable food items, such as
produce. When assembled, these containers are rectangular in shape
and have a flat base and four upstanding sidewalls. When the
containers are not in use, their collapsible features allow their
walls to be folded and their volume reduced.
[0003] Prior art containers typically have hinges that permit the
sidewalls and end walls to move relative to their base. However,
when the ends of the hinges are spaced away from the ends of their
respective sidewalls, unsecured end sections of each sidewall can
flex inwardly in the direction of the interior of the container and
damage the contained goods, especially fruits and vegetables.
Additionally, many of these hinges are not stable enough to handle
the stresses applied to these types of containers.
[0004] In conventional collapsible containers, the sidewalls and
end walls are normally joined together at their ends, thereby
forming corners. However, the corners of conventional containers
are not sufficiently rigid to handle the torsional, bending or
other stresses that they experience during normal use.
Additionally, these corners and the locking members at these
corners may not be rigid or stable enough to handle the compressive
pressures created when the containers are stacked on top of each
other.
[0005] Additional problems can exist with prior art collapsible
containers. A first problem results from the difficulties
experienced by an operator trying to align the connecting
mechanisms as the sidewalls and end walls are being erected. This
can be especially problematic when untrained personnel are
assembling the containers quickly. Moreover, it is often very
difficult for operators to release the locking or latching systems
of prior art containers when they need to be collapsed. When the
operator becomes frustrated, he can possibly break the container
and injure himself.
[0006] Another problem is the accuracy of the connections between
the sidewalls and the end walls after the sidewalls and end walls
have been secured together. Many times, the sidewalls and end walls
do not mate properly or they require that an operator specifically
and precisely position the adjacent side and end walls together so
that the interlocking flanges on these walls engage. Further, once
nested, the interlocking flanges of the prior art walls still allow
some relative movement of the adjacent sidewalls especially when
the containers are heavily loaded.
[0007] Other problems exist in the prior art with respect to the
sidewalls nesting efficiently upon one another and the sidewalls
failing when all of the container walls are in the upright position
and the containers are stacked on top of one another. Further, the
bases of the collapsible containers in the prior art have been
known to fail due to the loads encountered when the containers are
employed to ship and store relatively heavy goods.
[0008] It is an object of the present invention to overcome the
problems associated with the prior art containers.
[0009] It is another object of the present invention to provide a
collapsible container with easily aligned and securely locked
sidewalls.
[0010] A further object of the present invention is to provide a
collapsible container that has stable sidewalls and rigid corners
that permit the container to be stacked with other similar
containers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The present invention relates to a collapsible, reusable
container for carrying goods such as produce. The container
includes four hinged walls and a base. The walls include two end
walls and two sidewalls. These walls can be folded down onto the
base so that the container assumes a flat configuration for easy
storage. When unfolded, the walls are properly aligned and securely
locked together so that they provide a rigid container that can be
stacked with other similar containers.
[0012] The present invention relates to a collapsible container
that comprises first and second sidewalls and first and second end
walls pivotally connected to a base. The first sidewall includes at
least one latching member that cooperates with a latching member of
the first end wall to secure the first sidewall and the first end
wall together when the first sidewall and the first end wall are in
upright positions. The container also includes a wall locking
system that has a plurality of locking members on the first
sidewall and at least one locking member on the first end wall. The
locking member on the first end wall cooperates with the locking
members on the first sidewall to prevent the first sidewall from
moving relative to the first end wall in at least one direction
when the first sidewall and first end wall are in upright
positions. The container further includes a wall alignment system
that has a first member extending from one of the sidewalls, and a
second member that extends from one of the end walls. According to
the present invention, the first and second members of the wall
alignment system cooperate to align adjacent sidewalls and end
walls before the sidewalls and end walls achieve a completely
upright position.
[0013] The present invention also relates to a collapsible
container that comprises a base, a plurality of sidewalls and a
plurality of end walls. The sidewalls and end walls are secured to
the base so that the sidewalls and end walls can move relative to
the base and each other. One of the sidewalls cooperates with one
of the end walls to form a corner of the container when these walls
are positioned upright. The container also includes a wall
alignment system that has a first member extending away from a face
of one sidewall or one end wall. A pair of receiving members
extends away from a face of the other of the sidewall and the end
wall. The receiving members form an opening for slidably receiving
the first member when the sidewall and the end wall are moved to an
upright position. The container further comprises a latching system
having a first latching member on one sidewall and a second
latching member on one end wall. In this instance, the latching
members cooperate to secure the one sidewall and one end wall
together as the corner is formed.
[0014] The present invention further relates to a collapsible
container that comprises a base and a plurality of walls. At least
one of the walls includes first and second ends with first and
second end surfaces, respectively, that extend perpendicular to the
length of the at least one wall. The container also includes a
hinging system for securing the at least one wall to the base. The
hinging system includes plural hinging members and a pivot axis
about which the at least one wall pivots. A plurality of support
members extend away from a surface of the at least one wall or an
upper surface of the base. Moreover, a plurality of support
receiving members are positioned on the other of the surface of the
at least one wall or the upper surface of the base for receiving
the support members. Each support member and respective support
receiving member are positioned between an outermost surface of an
outermost hinging member and one of the ends of the at least one
wall.
[0015] The wall alignment and latching systems according to the
present invention simplify the erection of the container sidewalls
by guiding the sidewalls into position adjacent the end walls. Each
end wall includes a set of rails that create a guide channel near
an upper corner of the container. Each sidewall has a spur (male
protrusion) situated at or near its vertical edge for engaging the
guide channel on one of the end walls. During the unfolding of the
container, the sidewalls are moved toward an upright, vertical
position after the end walls have been placed in their final
upright position. As the sidewalls rotate relative to the base in
order to assume their vertical position, their spurs slide into the
guide channels on the end walls. As the spurs mesh with the end
walls, the walls of the container are pulled tightly together. This
arrangement allows the walls of the container to be rapidly erected
as a result of very few steps being performed. In a preferred
embodiment, only two steps are performed: (1) raising the end
walls, (2) raising the sidewalls.
[0016] During the unfolding of the sidewalls, a latching member
such as a tab (flange) on a terminal end of a sidewall depresses a
latching tab (plate) in the face of the cooperating end wall as the
spur moves within the guide channel. The plate is deflected away
from the interior of the container when it is in contact with the
flange. After the flange passes over the plate, the plate snaps
back to its original undeflected position. In this instance the
flange is positioned behind the latching plate and the walls are
securely locked together. This arrangement can be easily
manufactured.
[0017] The rear (outside) surface of each latching tab includes a
stopper that limits how far it can be deflected, thereby limiting
its elastic deformation. The stopper includes a solid member
extending from the rear surface of the locking tab. This solid
member extends away from the tab in a direction away from the
center of the container to limit the amount of deflection that can
be experienced by the tab. The solid limiting member prevents the
latching tab from being damaged while the container is being
assembled or unfolded. Additionally, it prevents the latching tab
from being damaged when a person pushes it in a direction away from
the interior of the container when breaking down the container.
[0018] The sidewalls of the present invention are hinged to the
base. However, the hinges are spaced a considerable distance away
from the container corners. To prevent the ends of the sidewalls
from deflecting inward and damaging either the container or its
contents, the sidewalls include vertically extending projections
(pins) on their lower, base contacting surfaces near their corners.
The base includes holes for receiving these projections when the
sidewalls are in a vertical position. When the projections are
positioned in the holes and the sidewalls are erect, the corners of
the present container are more rigid than those of the prior art so
the containers are more reliable for stacking.
[0019] The upper surface of each sidewall and end wall includes a
set of spaced stacking tabs. These stacking tabs extend vertically
away from the upper surface of the container for mating with
pockets in the base of a container stacked on top of it.
Additionally, the lower surface of the base includes a plurality of
pockets longitudinally spaced along its lower surface near the
edges for receiving the mating tabs of a container on which it is
stacked. These pockets and tabs permit the container to meet the
specifications for the Fiber Box Association Voluntary Standard
"Corrugated produce Container Modularity Standard" for sizing and
stacking.
[0020] The locking system according to the present invention forms
dovetail joints at the corners of the container. The dovetails of
the present invention can be only a fraction of the thickness of
the container walls. For example, each component of the dovetail
joint can be one-half the thickness of the wall. Alternatively, a
first component of the dovetail joint can be one-fourth or
one-third the thickness of the wall and the complimentary component
can be three-fourths or two-thirds the wall thickness,
respectively. This thickness prevents the sidewalls from
experiencing movement past the vertical plane when the container
corners are being formed. Also, the sidewalls form a corner with
their end walls that has full wall thickness. As a result, the
resulting corner is very strong and the container can be stacked
with other similar containers. The dovetail arrangement also
resists outward forces applied to adjacent panels. Moreover, since
the joints are only a fraction of the wall thickness and are to the
inside of the sidewalls, the resistance to product bulge is
increased and the ability for the joints to pop open through
mis-handling is virtually eliminated.
[0021] This dovetail corner can be accomplished in as little as two
steps--pulling an end wall to vertical and pulling a sidewall to
vertical. The prior art sidewalls require more motion and
additional steps in order to interlock their sidewalls and end
walls.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0022] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a collapsible container
according to the present invention;
[0023] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a base as shown in FIG.
1;
[0024] FIG. 3 is an outside perspective view of a sidewall having a
contoured upper surface according to the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 4 is an inside perspective view of the sidewall shown
in FIG. 3;
[0026] FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the outer surface of the
sidewall shown in FIG. 3;
[0027] FIG. 6 is an elevational view of the inner surface of the
sidewall shown in FIG. 4;
[0028] FIG. 7 is an end view of one of the sidewalls of the
container shown in FIG. 1;
[0029] FIG. 8 is an end view of the other sidewall of the container
shown in FIG. 1;
[0030] FIG. 9 is an outside perspective view of an end wall
according to the present invention illustrating an outer surface of
the end wall;
[0031] FIG. 10 is an inside perspective view of an end wall
according to the present invention illustrating an inner surface of
the end wall;
[0032] FIG. 11 is an elevational view of the inner surface of the
end wall shown in FIG. 10;
[0033] FIG. 12 is an end view of one of the end walls shown in FIG.
1;
[0034] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view through one of the end
walls shown in FIG. 1;
[0035] FIG. 14 is an elevational view of the outer surface of the
end wall of FIG. 9;
[0036] FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the container shown in FIG.
1 wherein the combined height of the folded sidewalls, shown in
FIGS. 3-6, is greater than the width of the base;
[0037] FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the
container according to the present invention wherein the combined
height of the folded sidewalls is less than the width of the base;
and
[0038] FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the embodiment illustrated
in FIG. 16 with the sidewalls in an upright, raised position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0039] FIG. 1 illustrates a collapsible container or crate 10
according to the present invention. Collapsible container 10 can be
used to store or transport goods. Container 10 is particularly
suitable for transporting produce such as fruits and vegetable,
where circulation of air and/or refrigerated gas is necessary to
keep the produce fresh and consumable until it reaches a
predetermined destination such as a market. This circulation is
fostered through the plurality of slots 12 provided on each portion
on the entire container, as fully shown in all of the figures. The
container 10 can be formed of any of a well-known variety of
plastic or polymeric materials by injection molding or other known
plastic molding processes that are suitable for forming reusable,
collapsible containers.
[0040] Collapsible container 10 comprises a base 14, sidewalls 34,
36 and end walls 44, 46. As shown in FIG. 1, each of these walls
has a handle opening so that the container can be easily carried.
The base 14 includes a bottom panel 15 that forms a lower support
surface for carrying and supporting the goods positioned within the
container 10. Like the overall shape of the container 10, bottom
panel 15 is generally rectangular in shape. However, the container
and base can have any shape such as substantially square or
substantially oblong. Alternatively, the sidewalls 34, 36 can be
substantially straight and the end walls 44, 46 can be slightly
curved, or vice versa. Additionally, the container can be of any
size. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the container 10 can have
sidewalls 34, 36 that are any height above the base 14 and any
length.
[0041] As shown in FIG. 2, the base 14 has two opposed side edges
16 and 18, and two opposed end edges 20 and 22. The base 14 further
includes upwardly extending base wall sections 24 and 26 that
extend parallel to the end edges 20, 22 and perpendicularly away
from the bottom panel 15. These base wall sections 24, 26 can be
integrally molded with the base 14. Each wall section 24, 26 has an
upper edge 25 for supporting either the sidewalls 34, 36 or the end
walls 44, 46 depending upon which set of walls is intended to be
folded over the base 14 last and unfolded first.
[0042] As shown in FIG. 1, the opposed sidewalls 34 and 36 extend
along the length of the base 14 on opposite sides of the bottom
panel 15. The sidewalls 34 and 36 are each pivotally attached to
bottom panel 15 by a hinge system 37 that is located along the
opposed side edges 16, 18 of bottom panel 15. The hinge system 37
permits the sidewalls 34, 36 to be pivoted toward, or away from,
the bottom panel 15 along edges 16 and 18 so that they can be
positioned in either an upright, unfolded position in which it
extends perpendicular to the base 14, or a horizontal, folded
position where it extends parallel to the base 14.
[0043] As seen in FIGS. 1-2, the hinging system 37 along each side
of the container 10 includes a plurality of rod sections 38 that
extend across a portion of each sidewall 34 and 36. The outermost
rod sections 38 are spaced inwardly from the end surfaces 91 of the
sidewalls 34 and 36 proximate end walls 44, 46. In one embodiment,
the rod sections 38 are formed integrally with the base 14. In an
alternative embodiment, the rod sections 38 are joined together as
a single member that extends along the entire length of the hinge
and through adjacent supports in the base 14. The ends of the
single member 38 are supported by the outermost supports.
[0044] The hinging system 37 on each side of the container 10 also
includes hinge members 39 that extend downwardly from sidewalls 34
and 36 and into openings in the bottom panel 15, as shown in FIGS.
1 and 3-6. The hinge members 39 can be integrally molded to, or
otherwise unitarily formed with, their respective sidewall 34, 36.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7-8, each hinge member 39 has a C-shaped
cross-section that receives and partially surrounds a respective
rod section 38. Each hinge member 39 rotates about its respective
rod section 38 so that the sidewalls 34 and 36 pivot and fold with
respect to bottom panel 15 with minimal wearing of hinging
mechanism 37.
[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the hinge members 39 can be
secured to their respective rod sections 38. In this alternative
embodiment, the rod sections 38 rotate relative to the base 14
instead of the hinge member 39 rotating relative to the sections
38. This hinging system 37 can also be used to hingedly connect the
end walls 44, 46 to the base 14, as discussed further herein.
[0046] As shown in FIGS. 2-4, the hinging system 37 does not extend
the full length of base 14. Instead, the hinging system 37
terminates a distance away from the end surfaces 91 of each
sidewall 34, 36 to permit easy pivoting of the sidewalls and to
reduce the damage that may occur to the hinges if they were placed
in close proximity to the ends of the sidewalls. Additionally, the
hinging system 37 terminates at points that are spaced from the end
walls 44, 46 by pockets 62 that are proximate the end walls 44, 46.
This spacing eliminates the need for extending the hinging system
into pockets 62 or between these pockets 62 and the end walls 44,
46. As a result, the pockets 62 are able to be spaced along the
container 10 so they can receive cooperating stacking tabs 58 from
other containers, including corrugated boxes, as discussed below.
This distance between the hinge system 37 and the end walls 44, 46
could be any distance that is known in the industry for pockets 62
that receive stacking tabs 58. In order to stabilize the sections
93 of the sidewalls 34, 36 that extend between the hinge system 37
and the end walls 44, 46, the sidewalls 34, 36 and the bottom panel
15 include a wall stabilizing system 80, seen in FIGS. 1, 15 and
16. By stabilizing and limiting the inward movement of the wall
section 93, the goods carried by the container 10 are protected
against the damage caused by conventional, unrestrained
sidewalls.
[0047] The stabilizing system 80 include a plurality of stabilizing
members 81 positioned along the sidewalls 34, 36 and a plurality of
cooperating stabilizing members 82 positioned along the side edges
16, 18 of the bottom panel 15. In a preferred embodiment, the
stabilizing members 81 include a plurality of projections or pegs
that extend from a lower surface of the sidewalls 34, 36 as shown
in FIGS. 5-8. The stabilizing members 82 include holes in the
bottom panel 15 (shown in FIG. 2) that are aligned with the members
81 in order to receive the projections 81 as the sidewalls 34, 36
are being moved into their upright position. When the projections
81 and holes 82 are mutually engaged (when the sidewalls are
partially or completely upright), they provide support, stability
and strength (structural rigidity) to the end sections 93 of the
sidewalls 34, 36. The structural rigidity added by the stabilizing
system 80 and the limited movements of the corners enhance the
stacking strength of the container. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5-6,
the projections 81 and holes 82 are only located between the
outermost hinge member 39 and the end surfaces 91 of the sidewalls
34, 36 that extend along the end walls 44, 46. The projections 81
and openings are located only along section 93. Members 81, 82 are
not positioned between adjacent hinge members 39 because the hinge
members 39 provide sufficient stability along the middle portion of
the sidewalls 34, 36. In an alternative embodiment, the holes 82
could be formed in the lower surface of the sidewalls 34, 36 and
the projections 81 extend upwardly away from an upper surface of
the bottom panel 15. Also, holes 82 include open holes or recesses
with side and bottom walls.
[0048] Like sidewalls 34 and 36, end walls 44 and 46 are similarly
pivotally attached to the bottom panel 15 by way of a hinging
mechanism 48 which is similar in structure to hinging mechanism 37
described above, as shown in FIG. 1. However, unlike the sidewalls,
the end walls 44, 46 are folded relative to base 14 at a distance
remote from the bottom panel 15. Particularly, end walls 44 and 46
are pivotally attached to upstanding wall sections 24 and 26,
respectively, of the bottom panel 15, proximate upper edges 25. The
height of the upstanding wall sections 24, 26 is chosen based on
the required distance from the bottom panel 15 that the walls 44,
46 must be spaced in order to fold over the folded sidewalls 34, 36
and form a stackable structure with a flat upper surface. As with
the sidewalls 34, 36, the end walls 44 and 46 are able to achieve a
folded position and an upright position.
[0049] As discussed above, the hinging system 48 used for end walls
44, 46 is similar to that described above in association with
sidewalls 34 and 36. This system 48 is illustrated in FIGS. 1, 9.
The system 48 includes a plurality of rod sections 38 and C-shaped
hinge members 39 with internal bearing surfaces, as shown in FIGS.
9 and 12-13. As with hinging mechanism 37, in a preferred
embodiment hinging mechanism 48 does not extend to corner line 31
but is remote there from. Also, the rod sections 38 can be part of
a single rod or they can be separate, independent sections.
Moreover, either the hinge members 39 or the hinge members 39 and
the rod sections 38 rotate relative to the base 14 when the end
walls 44, 46 are unfolded. When the hinge members 39 rotate
relative to the base 14, they rotate within an opening 45 that
includes pivot limiting members 88. These members 88 prevent the
end walls 44, 46 from pivoting past about 90 degrees relative to
the bottom panel 15 (past vertical).
[0050] As best shown in FIG. 10, each end wall 44 and 46 has a
U-shaped horizontal cross section that is formed by a main end wall
portion 50, and two shorter flange portions 52. In a preferred
embodiment, these wall portions are integrally formed together as a
single unit. The flange portions 52 extend from either side of
portion 50. Additionally, the flange portions 52 are oriented
orthogonal to main end wall portion 50 and, when the container is
assembled, they extend in the direction of the sidewalls 34 and
36.
[0051] Referring now to FIG. 1, the collapsible container assembly
10 also includes locking system 64 for securing the sidewalls 34,
36 to the end walls 44, 46 and stabilizing the corners. Moreover,
the locking system prevents the sidewalls from moving relative to
the end walls in at least the vertical direction and the rotational
direction that is past vertical. The locking system 64 provides
interlocking engagement between the sidewalls 34, 36 and the end
walls 44, 46 when these walls are in their upright position. In a
preferred embodiment, the locking system 64 forms dovetail joints
at each of the corners with the cooperating elements 66, 67, 68, 69
of the joints forming only a fraction of their respective walls.
For example, each cooperating element may be one-half the thickness
of the walls. Alternatively, one element may be one-third or
one-quarter the thickness of its wall while the cooperating element
is two-thirds or three-quarters the thickness of its wall,
respectively. No matter their size, the cooperating elements of the
joints are hidden from any line of sight when the container is
fully assembled and the walls are in their upright positions. The
advantages to these joints are discussed above.
[0052] The locking system 64 includes flanges 54 at the outer ends
of the sidewalls 34, 36 proximate the surfaces 91, and the flanges
52 on the end walls 44, 46. As shown in FIG. 3, the side of each
flange 54 that is opposite the interior of the container 10
includes at least one locking tab 66. In a preferred embodiment,
each flange 54 includes a plurality of locking tabs 66 disposed at
predetermined spaced intervals by gaps 67. Each locking tab 66 has
a substantially triangular shape with the largest portion of the
tab 66 extending along edge 91. Each tab 66 also includes first and
second locking surfaces 72, 74 that extend between the outermost
surface 70 and the main portion of sidewalls 34, 36.
[0053] Referring to FIGS. 10 and 13, each flange 52 includes at
least one tab receiving opening 68 that receives the tab(s) 66 on
one of the flanges 54. However, in a preferred embodiment, each
flange 52 includes a plurality of tab receiving openings 68. Each
opening 68 has a shape that compliments and receives the locking
tab 66 in a snug fashion. The triangular shape of tab 66 and the
corresponding shape of opening 68 enhance the locking feature of
locking system 64. The openings 68 are defined by spacers 69 that
extend away from the flanges 52 in the direction of the interior of
the container 10. In the present invention, the tabs 66 slide into
the openings 68 as the sidewalls 34, 36 are pivoted from the
collapsed position to the upright position and into engagement with
the end walls 44, 46. The wall of each flange 52 provides a stop
against the movement of the tabs 66. In an alternative embodiment,
the tabs 66 could be located on the flanges 52 and the openings 68
arranged on flanges 54. When the tabs 66 are received in the
openings 68, a first lock for the walls 34, 36, 44, 46 is
established and the walls are not able to move laterally relative
to one another.
[0054] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the container 10 also includes a
wall guiding system 100. The guiding system 100 includes a male
protrusion or spur 110 positioned along one of the flanges 54 of
the sidewalls 34, 36. The spur 110 extends away from the side edge
or face of its sidewall in the direction of a respective end wall
that is parallel to the length of the sidewalls and perpendicular
to the length of the end walls. As shown in FIG. 3, the spur 110 is
secured to the flange/sidewall along only one edge so that it is
free to be received by a complimentary female member on a
cooperating end wall. Each spur 110 is spaced from the other
portions of the flange 54 including the tabs 66 along its
height.
[0055] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, each end wall 44, 46 also
includes a portion of the guiding system 100 for receiving the spur
110 and aligning the mating portions of the locking system 64 of
cooperating walls so that these walls can be easily and properly
secured together when the sidewalls 34, 36 are raised as the end
walls 44, 46 are in an upright position. The spur 110 is received
and guided by an elongated guiding channel 120 formed by two
coextensive, opposing, contoured members 125 that extend away from
the inner surface or inner face of their end wall in the direction
of the interior of the container 10 and substantially parallel to
the length of the sidewalls 34, 36, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 13.
The members 125 also extend along a portion of their respective end
walls.
[0056] Each member 125 has an outer surface 126 that covers an
inner, recessed track 127 in which the spur 110 travels as the
sidewalls are raised during the assembly of the container 10. A
wide, tapered opening 128 provides access to its respective track
127 so that the spur 110 of the cooperating sidewall will be easily
and conveniently received within the channel 120 even if the
sidewall is not properly aligned while it is being raised. This
receipt of the spur 110 is also facilitated by the angled of flared
orientation of the opening 128 relative to the remainder of the
guiding channel 120. FIG. 11 illustrates that the sides of the
opening 128 can be angled or flared in the direction that the spur
110 travels (the arc that the spur 110 sweeps) as its sidewall is
raised so the spur 110 is easily and quickly received by the
opening 128 and inserted into the guide channel 120. The spur 110
can also be angled or curved in the direction of the opening 128
for aiding in the fast and accurate alignment of the sidewalls and
end walls.
[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the assembly of the container
10, the spur 110 includes two tabs 112 as shown in FIG. 6. As the
sidewalls 34, 36 are rotated toward their upright position, their
spurs 110 each move toward one of the guiding channels 120. When
each spur 110 reaches its respective guiding channel 120, it is
received in the opening 128 and its tabs 112 move along the tracks
127 behind members 125 prior to the sidewall coming to a vertical
position. The members 125 prevent the sidewalls 34, 36 from moving
relative to the end walls 44, 46 in the direction of the interior
of the container 10. This increases the accuracy of the wall
alignment and reduces the effort and time needed to lock the walls
together in their upright positions. Similarly, the meshing of the
spurs 110 and the guiding channels 120 pulls the corners of the
container walls 34, 36, 44, 46 together so that a tight fit is
created. The meshing also aligns the walls with each other so that
a latching system 200 can securely hold them together with the
minimum number of steps being performed. The spur 110 and the
tracks 127 can have any cooperating shapes that permit the walls to
be closely aligned as the flange 54 passes over the latching system
200 as discussed below. For example, the spur 110 could have an "L"
shape and the tracks 127 a cooperating groove.
[0058] In an alternative embodiment, the placement of the spurs 110
and guiding channel 120 can be reversed. In this alternative
embodiment, the spurs 110 extend from the flanges 52 and the
guiding channels 120 are located on the sidewalls 34, 36.
[0059] As shown in FIG. 1, the container 10 also includes a
plurality of wall latching systems 200 for releasably latching
adjacent side and end walls together when the side and end walls
are in their upright positions. Each wall latching system 200
includes a latching member 210 that is operatively mounted
proximate the ends of each end wall 44, 46 near the flanges 52. As
seen in FIG. 6, the latching system 200 also includes a latching
surface 220 on an inwardly facing surface of a cooperating sidewall
34, 36. Each latching member 210 is formed of the same material as
the container 10 and positioned within an opening 230 in its
respective end wall. Each latching member 210 includes an inner or
actuating face 215 that is on the side of the latching member 210
and its respective end wall that faces into the interior of the
container 10. The actuating face 215 is contoured as shown in FIG.
10.
[0060] The latching members 210 are secured to their respective end
wall along a single edge 211, see FIG. 9. As a result, the edge 211
including hole 244 forms a hinge region 212 about which latching
member 210 flexes. The hole 244 helps to distribute the bending
stresses created at edge 211 over the entire hinge region 212 so
that the stresses are not localized and do not cause premature
failure of the container 10. The plastic deformation of the
material that forms the hinge region 212 allows the latching member
210 to flex in response to pressure that is applied to its inner
face 215. As understood, this pressure can be caused by an operator
pressing the latching member 210 in order to release the sidewall
or by a flange 54 passing over the latching member 210 as the
sidewall is being moved to its upright position, as discussed
below. In an alternative embodiment, the biasing strength of the
hinge that opposes movement of the latching member 210 is provided
by a spring that acts on a rear or side surface of the latching
member 210.
[0061] The latching member 210 includes a first portion 241 that is
flat and coplanar with its respective end wall. The latching member
210 also includes a second portion 242 that is inclined toward a
third portion 243. This inclined profile of the latching members
210 along their second portions 242 permit the sidewalls to be
easily and smoothly raised from their folded positions to their
upright positions as they pass over their respective latching
members 210. As a sidewall is pivoted toward its upright position,
a ribbed contact portion 220 of its flange 54 begins to contact the
latching member 210 at the second portion 242. This contact causes
the latching member 210 to begin to flex at the hinge region 212.
However, contact with the second section 242 and flexion of the
hinge 212 do not occur until after the spur 110 is received in its
guide channel 120. As a result, latching member 210 will not be
flexed until after the sidewall and cooperating end wall have been
properly aligned.
[0062] As seen in FIG. 10, the second portion 242 extends away from
its respective end wall in the direction of the interior of the
container 10. The third portion 243 extends further into the
interior of the container that does the second portion 242.
Therefore, when the third portion 243 contacts the flange 54, it
forces the hinge 212 to experience full flexion. At this point, the
third portion 243 becomes flush with the inner surface of its end
wall. When this occurs, the latching member 210 is deflected far
enough away from the interior of the container and into opening 230
that the flange 54 can easily move past it and into a locking
position. After the flange 54 has passed the latching member 210,
the latching member 210 springs back into its original rest
position and retains the latching surface 220 of the flange 54
behind it. When the latching surface 220 of the flange 54 is behind
the latching member 210, its respective sidewall is stopped from
moving relative to the other walls and toward the base 14.
[0063] The second portion 242 and the third portion 243 can also be
deflected to the above-mentioned extent by depressing a recess 244,
or other area, on the second section 242. When recess 244 is
depressed by a person, it causes the hinge 212 to flex and the
latching member 210 to move into opening 248. The more pressure
applied to the latching member 210, the more deflection that the
latching member 210 will experience. When third portion 243 is
flush with the inner face of its end wall, the respective sidewall
is free to rotate back toward the base 14 and into its folded
position. According to the present invention, moving the sidewalls
34, 36 from their folded position to their upright position
requires only sufficient force to drive the flanges 54 into the
latching members 210 and deflect the latching members 210 until
they are substantially flush with the inner surface of their
respective end walls.
[0064] As shown in FIG. 9, the rear side 245 of the latching member
210 includes a deformation prevention member 250. The rear side 245
faces away from the interior of the container. In a preferred
embodiment, the deformation prevention member 250 includes an arm
251 that extends away from the rear side 245. The arm 251 includes
a terminal end 252 that is spaced far enough from a horizontally
extending stop wall 246 that the latching member 210 can be flexed
until third portion 243 is flush with the inner surface of its end
wall. However, terminal end 252 is spaced close enough to wall 246
that the hinge 212 will not experience irreversible elastic
deformation in response to pressure being applied to the latching
member 210. The distance that the terminal end 252 will travel
before contacting wall 246 is just slightly longer than the
distance that the latching member 210 is deflected when a wall is
locked upright or released for folding. In an alternative
embodiment, the deformation prevention member is not on a rear
surface of the latching member 210. Instead, it extends outwardly
away from a rear surface of its respective end wall or sidewall and
contacts the back of latching member 210 in order to prevent the
hinge 212 from being bent to a point where it experiences
irreversible deformation.
[0065] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the top surfaces 43 of the
sidewalls 34, 36 and the end walls 44, 46 are contoured. These
surfaces 43 have a plurality of stacking tabs 58 that extend
upwardly in a direction away from base 14 for being received in
pockets 62. As shown in FIG. 2, the receiving pockets 62 are
positioned along the bottom, outer edge of the base 14 so that the
container 10 can be securely stacked on top of another container in
ether a chimney stack or a cross stack pattern. As is well known in
the art, chimney stacking includes positioning containers on top of
each other so that they are all oriented in the same direction.
Conversely, cross stacking includes stacking the containers so that
containers from adjacent rows are oriented in alternate directions
and containers from alternating rows are oriented in the same
direction. The stacking tabs 58 and the receiving pockets 62 permit
a user of these containers to interlock them while their walls are
in an upright position. As a result, in either stacking pattern, a
plurality of the stacking tabs 58 engage a corresponding number of
receiving pockets 62 in order to prevent relative movement between
the stacked containers.
[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the stacking tabs 58
and receiving pockets 62 is rectangular. However, any shape that
can be used to securely stack containers on top of each other could
be employed. Also, it is possible for the stacking tabs 58 to
extend from the bottom of the base 14 and the receiving pockets to
be positioned around the top surfaces. It is also possible for the
container 10 to nest with other containers when the sidewalls 34,
36 and end walls 44, 46 are in folded positions.
[0067] As discussed above, the sidewalls 34, 36 can have any
height. However, when the combined height of the sidewalls 34, 36
including their stacking tabs 58 is greater than the width of the
base 14, as shown in FIG. 15, the top surface 43 of each sidewall
34, 36 includes recesses 56. These recesses 56 correspond to and
receive the stacking tabs of the opposing sidewall when the
sidewalls 34, 36 are folded. The recesses 56 eliminate the need for
the sidewalls 34, 36 to be folded on top of each other. As a
result, the folded height of the container 10 remains low because
the height of the bottom panel 15 is not increased so that the end
walls 44, 46 can be folded over the sidewalls 34, 36. The
relationship between the stacking tabs 58 and the recesses 56 is
clearly shown in FIGS. 1 and 15. The recesses 56 can also be used
to receive other portions of an opposing sidewall. When the height
of the sidewalls 34, 36 is less than the width of the base 14 and
the stacking tabs 58 will not engage the opposing sidewall, the top
surface 43 of each sidewall does not need to be notched as shown in
FIGS. 15 and 16.
[0068] It is understood, of course, that while the forms of the
invention herein shown and described include the best mode
contemplated for carrying out the present invention, they are not
intended to illustrate all possible forms thereof. It will also be
understood that the words used are descriptive rather than
limiting, and that various changes may be made without departing
from the spirit or scope of the invention as claimed below.
* * * * *