U.S. patent application number 10/109207 was filed with the patent office on 2002-08-08 for durable fabric enhancement.
This patent application is currently assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Baker, Ellen Schmidt, Kolb, Brent Alan, Littig, Janet Sue, Sivik, Mark Robert.
Application Number | 20020104169 10/109207 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26853504 |
Filed Date | 2002-08-08 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020104169 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Sivik, Mark Robert ; et
al. |
August 8, 2002 |
Durable fabric enhancement
Abstract
The present invention relate to a manufacturing process for
providing fabric with an enhanced fabric benefit, said process
comprising the steps of contacting fabric with a composition in the
form of an aqueous emulsion, said composition comprising: a) from
about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, of a fabric modifying compound
having the formula: 1 wherein R is a backbone linking unit; each
R.sup.1 is independently i) a fabric reactive moiety; ii) a fabric
non-reactive moiety, iii) a fabric conditioning moiety; iv)
s-triazine units having the formula: 2 v) pyrimidine units having
the formula: 3 vi) cyclotriphosphazene units having the formula: 4
vii) and mixtures thereof; wherein R.sup.2is R.sup.1 or a unit
selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22
alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and mixtures thereof; X is --N--, --CH--,
and mixtures thereof; the index m is from 0 to 5, the index n is
from 0 to 5; b) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, of a
surfactant; and c) the balance carriers and other adjunct
ingredients.
Inventors: |
Sivik, Mark Robert; (Mason,
OH) ; Littig, Janet Sue; (Fairfield, OH) ;
Baker, Ellen Schmidt; (Cincinnati, OH) ; Kolb, Brent
Alan; (Westerville, OH) |
Correspondence
Address: |
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DIVISION
WINTON HILL TECHNICAL CENTER - BOX 161
6110 CENTER HILL AVENUE
CINCINNATI
OH
45224
US
|
Assignee: |
The Procter & Gamble
Company
Attention: Chief Patent Counsel 6090 Center Hill Road
Cincinnati
OH
45224
|
Family ID: |
26853504 |
Appl. No.: |
10/109207 |
Filed: |
March 28, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
10109207 |
Mar 28, 2002 |
|
|
|
PCT/US00/26473 |
Sep 27, 2000 |
|
|
|
60156779 |
Sep 30, 1999 |
|
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|
60156835 |
Sep 30, 1999 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
8/115.51 ;
510/499 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06M 13/355 20130101;
D06M 2101/06 20130101; C07D 251/44 20130101; C07F 9/65815 20130101;
C07D 251/46 20130101; D06M 13/44 20130101; D06M 2101/12 20130101;
D06M 2200/50 20130101; D06M 13/358 20130101; D06M 2200/00 20130101;
C07D 251/40 20130101; D06M 2400/01 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
8/115.51 ;
510/499 |
International
Class: |
D06M 010/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is :
1. A manufacturing process for providing fabric with an enhanced
fabric benefit, said process comprising the steps of contacting
fabric with a composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion, said
composition comprising: a) from about 0. 1% to about 20% by weight,
of a fabric modifying compound having the formula: 22wherein R is a
backbone linking unit; each R.sup.1 is independently i) a fabric
reactive moiety; ii) a fabric non-reactive moiety, iii) a fabric
conditioning moiety; iv) s-triazine units having the formula: 23 v)
pyrimidine units having the formula: 24 vi) cyclotriphosphazene
units having the formula: 25 vii) and mixtures thereof; wherein
R.sup.2 is R.sup.1 or a unit selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and mixtures
thereof; X is --N--, --CH--, and mixtures thereof; the index m is
from 0 to 5, the index n is from 0 to 5; b) from about 0.01% to
about 10% by weight, of a surfactant; and C) the balance carriers
and other adjunct ingredients.
2. A process according to claim 1 wherein each R is independently a
unit having the formula:--(Y).sub.pR.sup.3(Y).sub.p--wherein
R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkylene, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkenylene,
C.sub.3-C.sub.22 cycloalkylene, C.sub.6-C.sub.22 arylene,
C.sub.7-C.sub.22 alkylarylene, and mixture thereof; Y is --O--,
NR'--, and mixtures thereof, R' is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl,
and mixtures thereof; p is 0 or 1.
3. A process according to claim 2 wherein Y is --NH--, and each p
is 1.
4. A process according to claim 3 wherein R.sup.3 is
C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene, phenylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.10 alkylarylene,
and mixture thereof.
5. A process according to claim 1 wherein said fabric reactive
moiety is independently selected from the group consisting of
halogen, thioglycolate, citrate, nicotinate,
(4-sulfonylphenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and mixtures
thereof.
6. A process according to claim 1 wherein said fabric non-reactive
moiety is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,
C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted
alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl,
C.sub.6-C.sub.18 substituted or unsubstituted aryl,
C.sub.7-C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkylenearyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and
mixtures thereof.
7. A process according to claim 6 wherein said fabric non-reactive
moiety is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 linear or branched alkyl,
phenyl, pyridinyl, and mixtures thereof.
8. A process according to claim 7 wherein said fabric non-reactive
moiety is hydrogen, methyl, or mixtures thereof.
9. A process according to claim 1 wherein said fabric conditioning
moiety has the
formula:--[(Z).sub.qW(R.sup.4).sub.x].sub.y--(Z).sub.q--W(R.sup.4-
).sub.xwherein each W is independently a quaternized amine
--N.sup.+-- or an unquaternized amine --N--; R.sup.4 is hydrogen,
C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.22 linear
or branched alkenyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 cycloalkyl, C.sub.7-C.sub.22
alkylenearyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 heteroaryl, C.sub.4-C.sub.22
alkyleneheteroaryl, and mixtures thereof; Z is C.sub.2-C.sub.12
alkylene; q is 0 or 1; x is from 1 to 3; y is from 0 to 5.
10. A process according to claim 9 wherein said fabric conditioning
moiety has the formula:--N(R.sup.4).sub.2wherein R.sup.4 is
C.sub.8-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.12-C.sub.22 linear
or branched alkenyl, and mixtures thereof.
11. A process according to claim 10 wherein R.sup.4 is
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl,
and mixtures thereof.
12. A process according to claim 9 wherein said fabric conditioning
moiety has the
formula:--[(Z).sub.qN.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2].sub.y--(Z).sub.q--N.s-
up.+(R.sup.4).sub.3wherein Z is C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene; R.sup.4
is methyl, benzyl, C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl,
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; q is 0 or
1; y is 0 or 1.
13. A process according to claim 12 wherein said fabric
conditioning moiety has the
formula:--[N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2]--(Z)--N.sup.+(R.sup.4).-
sub.3wherein Z is ethylene, propylene, or mixtures thereof.
14. A process according to claim 1 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 26wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the
group consisting of halogen, (4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino,
(4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and mixtures thereof.
15. A process according to claim 14 wherein the index y is equal to
0.
16. A process according to claim 14 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 27wherein R.sup.4 is C.sub.12-C.sub.18
linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof.
17. A process according to claim 16 wherein R.sup.1 is
chlorine.
18. A process according to claim 17 wherein R.sup.4 is
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and
mixtures thereof.
19. A process according to claim 1 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 28wherein R has the
formula:--NH--R.sup.3--NH--wherein R.sup.3 is C.sub.2-C.sub.6
alkylene, phenylene, substituted phenylene, and mixtures thereof;
at least one R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of
halogen, (4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and
mixtures thereof.
20. A process according to claim 19 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 29wherein R.sup.4 is C.sub.12-C.sub.18
linear alkyl, C16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof.
21. A composition for modifying cellulosic fabric, said composition
comprising: a) from about 0. 1% to about 20% by weight, of a fabric
modifying compound having the formula: 30wherein R is a backbone
linking unit; each R.sup.1 is independently i) a fabric reactive
moiety; ii) a fabric non-reactive moiety, iii) a fabric
conditioning moiety; iv) s-triazine units having the formula: 31 v)
pyrimidine units having the formula: 32 vi) cyclotriphosphazene
units having the formula: 33 vii) and mixtures thereof, wherein
R.sup.2 is R.sup.1 or a unit selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and mixtures
thereof; X is --N--, --CH--, and mixtures thereof; the index m is
from 0 to 5, the index n is from 0 to 5; b) from about 0.01% to
about 10% by weight, of a surfactant; and c) the balance carriers
and other adjunct ingredients.
22. A composition according to claim 21 comprising from about 1% to
about 10% by weight, of said fabric modifying compound.
23. A composition according to claim 22 comprising form about 3% to
about 7% by weight, of said fabric modifying compound.
24. A composition according to claim 21 wherein said surfactant is
a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl ethoxylates, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 alkyl phenol
alkoxylates wherein said alkoxylate units are a mixture of
ethyleneoxy and propyleneoxy units, C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alcohols,
C.sub.6-C.sub.12 alkyl phenol condensates with ethylene
oxide/propylene oxide block polymers, alkylpolysaccharides,
polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, and mixtures thereof.
25. A fabric modifying compound having the formula: 34wherein R is
a backbone linking unit; each R.sup.1 is independently i) a fabric
reactive moiety; ii) a fabric non-reactive moiety, iii) a fabric
conditioning moiety; iv) s-triazine units having the formula: 35 v)
pyrimidine units having the formula: 36vi) cyclotriphosphazene
units having the formula: 37 vii) and mixtures thereof; wherein
R.sup.2 is R.sup.1 or a unit selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and mixtures
thereof; X is --N--, --CH--, and mixtures thereof; the index m is
from 0 to 5, the index n is from 0 to 5.
26. A compound according to claim 1 wherein each R is independently
a unit having the formula:--(Y).sub.pR.sup.3(Y).sub.p--wherein
R.sup.3 is C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkylene, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkenylene,
C.sub.3-C.sub.22 cycloalkylene, C.sub.6-C.sub.22 aryl
C.sub.7-C.sub.22 alkylarylene, and mixture thereof; Y is --O--,
NR'--, and mixtures thereof, R' is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl,
and mixtures thereof; p is 0 or 1.
27. A compound according to claim 26 wherein Y is --NH--, and each
p is 1.
28. A compound according to claim 27 wherein R.sup.3 is
C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene, phenylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.10 alkylarylene,
and mixture thereof.
29. A compound according to claim 25 wherein fabric reactive moiety
is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen,
thioglycolate, citrate, nicotinate, (4-sulfonylphenyl)amino,
(4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and mixtures thereof.
30. A compound according to claim 25 wherein said fabric
non-reactive moiety is selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched, substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 substituted or unsubstituted
cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 substituted or unsubstituted aryl,
C.sub.7-C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkylenearyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and
mixtures thereof.
31. A compound according to claim 30 wherein said cellulose
non-reactive moiety is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 linear or branched
alkyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, and mixtures thereof.
32. A compound according to claim 31 wherein said fabric
non-reactive moiety is hydrogen, methyl, or mixtures thereof.
33. A compound according to claim 25 wherein said fabric
conditioning moiety has the
formula:--[(Z).sub.qW(R.sup.4).sub.x].sub.y--(Z).sub.q--W(-
R.sup.4).sub.xwherein each W is independently a quaternized amine
--N.sup.+--or an unquaternized amine --N--; R.sup.4 is hydrogen,
C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkyl, C.sub.2-C.sub.22 linear
or branched alkenyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 cycloalkyl, C.sub.7-C.sub.22
alkylenearyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 heteroaryl, C.sub.4-C.sub.22
alkyleneheteroaryl, and mixtures thereof; Z is C.sub.2-C.sub.12
alkylene; q is 0 or 1; x is from 1 to 3; y is from 0 to 5.
34. A compound according to claim 33 wherein said fabric
conditioning moiety has the formula:--N(R.sup.4).sub.2wherein
R.sup.4 is C.sub.8-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkyl,
C.sub.12-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof.
35. A compound according to claim 34 wherein R.sup.4 is
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl,
and mixtures thereof.
36. A compound according to claim 33 wherein said fabric
conditioning moiety has the
formula:--[(Z).sub.qN.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2].sub.y--(Z).sub-
.q--N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.3wherein Z is C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene;
R.sup.4 is methyl, benzyl, C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl,
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures thereof; q is 0 or
1; y is 0 or 1.
37. A compound according to claim 37 wherein said fabric
conditioning moiety has the
formula:--[N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2]--(Z)--N.sup.+(R.sup.4).-
sub.3wherein Z is ethylene, propylene, or mixtures thereof.
38. A compound according to claim 25 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 38wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the
group consisting of halogen, (4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino,
(4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and mixtures thereof.
39. A compound according to claim 38 wherein the index y is equal
to 0.
40. A compound according to claim 38 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 39wherein R.sup.4 is C.sub.12-C.sub.18
linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof.
41. A compound according to claim 40 wherein R.sup.1 is
chlorine.
42. A compound according to claim 41 wherein R.sup.4 is
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and
mixtures thereof.
43. A compound according to claim 25 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 40wherein R has the
formula:--NH--R.sup.3--NH-- -wherein R.sup.3 is C.sub.2-C.sub.6
alkylene, phenylene, substituted phenylene, and mixtures thereof;
at least one R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of
halogen, (4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and
mixtures thereof.
44. A compound according to claim 43 wherein said fabric modifying
compound has the formula: 41wherein R.sup.4 is C.sub.12-C.sub.18
linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof.
Description
[0001] This application is a continuation under 35 USC .sctn.120 of
PCT International Application Serial No. US00/26473 filed Sep. 27,
2000, published in accordance with PCT article 21(2) in English,
which claims priority to Provisional Application Serial Nos.
60/156,779 and 60/156,835.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to novel compounds which are
capable of providing fabric having one or more reactive sites,
inter alia, cellulosic fabric, with one or more durable fabric
enhancement benefits. The benefits of the present invention are
delivered to fabric via reactive backbone, preferably a backbone
which comprises one or more s-triazine, pyrimidine,
cyclotriphosphazene units, or mixtures thereof. These backbone
units are capable of reacting with reactive units of fibers, for
example, the hydroxyl units of cellulosic fibers, to provide a
durable enhancement benefit, inter alia, softness, anti-static.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Garments have been comprised of cotton, wool, and silk fiber
since antiquity and cotton continues to be a fabric of choice for
many reasons including its low maintenance. Cotton, a wholly
natural fiber, is comprised of crosslinked cellulose the surface of
which comprises an abundance of hydroxyl units which are chemically
reactive. In fact, one negative against cotton fabric is the
ability of materials which comprise stains to react with the cotton
fabric rather than just become absorbed thereto. Cotton fabric is
enhanced by the consumer through the wash when the consumer uses
fabric treatment compositions, most notably, fabric softener
compositions which can be delivered via laundry detergent
compositions, rinse added compositions, or dryer added
compositions. Compounds which provide a softness benefit are
typically added in the mill by the fabric or garment manufacturer
to make the garment acceptable to consumers at the point of
purchase. However, thses finishes are lost during subsequent
laundering andd the benefit is instead renewably added by the
consumer during laundering. Wool and silk fabric also comprise
reactive moieties, but to a lesser degree.
[0004] Typically, cotton clothing which is treated with softness or
anti-static agents loose their finish after the garment has been
worn and/or laundered. For clothing worn several times prior to a
softness renewal treatment in the laundry, anti-static or softness
benefits are gradually depleted during wearing of the garment.
[0005] Fabric has been modified to provide "permanent press"
benefits. The process for providing this benefit reacts
crosslinking agents with fabric, typically cellulosic fabric, which
is laid out in a final shape. These permanent press processes are
typically undertaken under acidic conditions, conditions which can
deplete the fabric of up to 50% of its inherent strength.
[0006] There is a need in the art for a process which provides
fabric softness and/or anti-static benefit under non-acidic
conditions. There is also a long felt need for a compositions which
is capable of being applied at the point of manufacture in a
process which provides durable fabric softness and/or antistatic
benefits to fabric which comprise one or more reactive moieties.
There is also a long felt need for compounds which when formulated
into compositions and utilized in the above described processes,
deliver a durable softness or antistatic benefit to fabric.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention meets the aforementioned needs in that
it has been surprisingly discovered that fabric softness and fabric
anti-static benefits can be delivered to fabric during manufacture
of the fabric, provided said fabric comprise one or more reactive
units. Cellulosic fabric comprises an abundance of free hydroxyl
units on the fiber surface and is, therefore, a preferred fabric
for use of the present process. The fabric enhancement systems of
the present invention comprise one or more compounds which comprise
a fabric-reactive heterocyclic backbone to which is attached a
moiety which delivers a fabric enhancement benefit to fabric.
Depending upon the structure of the backbone, there may be present
one or more fabric-reactive units and one or more fabric
enhancement components. The compounds which comprise the durable
enhancement fabric modification systems or the present invention
can be applied to cotton, cotton-like fabric, inter alia, rayon, or
any reactive-site comprising fabric at any point during the
manufacturing process.
[0008] The first aspect of the present invention relates to a
manufacturing process for providing an enhanced fabric benefit,
said process comprising the steps of contacting fabric with a
composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion, said composition
comprising:
[0009] a) from about 0.1%, preferably from about 1%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 20%, preferably to about 10%,
more preferably to about 7% by weight, of a cellulose modifying
compound according to the present invention;
[0010] b) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, of a surfactant;
and
[0011] c) the balance carriers and other adjunct ingredients.
[0012] The present invention further relates to a composition for
modifying fabric, said composition comprising:
[0013] a) from about 0.1%, preferably from about 1%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 20%, preferably to about 10%,
more preferably to about 7% by weight, of a fabric modifying
compound having the formula: 5
[0014] wherein R is a backbone linking unit; each R.sup.1 is
independently
[0015] i) a fabric reactive moiety;
[0016] ii) a fabric non-reactive moiety,
[0017] iii) a fabric conditioning moiety;
[0018] iv) s-triazine units having the formula: 6
[0019] v) pyrimidine units having the formula: 7
[0020] vi) cyclotriphosphazene units having the formula: 8
[0021] vii) and mixtures thereof;
[0022] wherein R.sup.2 is R.sup.1 or a unit selected from the group
consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and
mixtures thereof; X is --N--, --CH--, and mixtures thereof; the
index m is from 0 to 5, the index n is from 0 to 5;
[0023] b) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, of a surfactant;
and
[0024] c) the balance carriers and other adjunct ingredients;
[0025] wherein said composition is in the form of an emulsion.
[0026] In its third aspect, the present invention relates to Fabric
Modifying Compounds described herein which when delivered to fabric
having reactive sites, provides a durable softness or anti-static
benefit.
[0027] These and other objects, features, and advantages will
become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from a
reading of the following detailed description and the appended
claims. All percentages, ratios and proportions herein are by
weight, unless otherwise specified. All temperatures are in degrees
Celsius (.degree. C.) unless otherwise specified. All documents
cited are in relevant part, incorporated herein by reference.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0028] The present invention relates to the surprising discovery
that fabric enhancement benefits can be effectively delivered to
fabric which comprises one or more surface reactive units, for
example, cellulosic material, inter alia, cotton, rayon, or
material comprised of non-cellulosic material, inter alia, silk.
The benefits are delivered thereto by one or more fabric modifying
compounds which are capable of reacting with the reactive units
which comprise fabric, for example, the hydroxyl moieties of
cellulose, or in a different embodiment, other reactive units on
the surface of wool or silk.
[0029] The fabric modifying compounds of the present invention
modify the surface of fabric in a manner which provides softness
benefits to the fabric, benefits which are potentially renewable be
the consumer. The compounds of the present invention are applied to
fabric during the process of assembling the fibers into fabric,
after the fabric has been formed, or after an artifact of
manufacture has been made from said fabric. The fabric modifying
compounds of the present invention are delivered from a composition
which is an aqueous emulsion of the modifying compound. The process
of the present invention relates to the step of applying the
modifying agent comprising composition to fabric at a point in the
manufacturing process.
[0030] For the purposes of the present invention the term "durable"
is defined as "a compound which provides a fabric benefit, inter
alia, softness, is applied to fabric in a manner wherein said
compound is covalently linked to the fabric and does not become
detached for reasons other than mechanical loss". For example, a
compound according to the present invention which is applied to
cellulosic fabric will not transfer to a second surface due to
contact with said second surface. In stead the compound which
provides the benefit remains associated with the fabric surface. In
a separate embodiment of the present invention, which relates to a
process for applying said durable benefits by the consumer, the
term "durable" also connotes the fact that if by a mechanical
process, inter alia, wearing of the fabric, one or more "reactive
units" no longer form a covalent bond with the bulk of the fiber,
non-reacted "reactive units" can be potentially re-activated by the
consumer thereby re-bonding the compound to the fabric. The
compounds of the present invention are applied to fabric in a
manner which is different than "fabric substantive" which relies on
the attraction of a material for the surface of fabric.
[0031] For the purposes of the present invention the term
"cellulosic fabric" or "cellulosic material" is defined as "fibrous
cellulose comprising-material derived from native sources, inter
alia, cotton, rayon, flax, including the pulp of said sources,
inter alia, wood pulp; cellulose comprising derivatives,
non-limiting examples of which include cellulose acetates,
cellulose ethers". "Cellulosic fabric" or "cellulosic material"
depending upon the context is defined as "the raw material, inter
alia, fibers, or the finished product, inter alia, an article of
clothing". The term "cellulose fabric" is used interchangeably for
and is meant to stand equally well for "fabric comprising 100%
cotton fiber, and mixtures of cotton fiber and synthetic
fibers".
[0032] The durable fabric enhancement compounds of the present
invention which comprise the fabric modifying systems have a
modulated reactivity toward fabric surface reactive sites. As set
forth hereinabove, the compounds of the present invention react
with, for example, the hydroxyl moieties which comprise cellulose
and provides a rigid link or framework which holds the fabric
enhancement compounds to the fibers. For example, a mono-triazine
compound will have three fabric reactive sites. One site is
attached to a fabric enhancement component (which delivers the
durable benefit) leaving two sites available for attachment to
cellulosic fabric. Also by the choice of fabric reactive units the
formulator can modulate the relative reactivity of the units toward
fabric.
[0033] In an important embodiment of the present invention which
relates to "re-attaching" the substrates to fabric by the consumer,
in the case wherein an oligomeric backbone comprises several
"differentiated reactivity R.sup.1 fabric reactive units", the most
chemically reactive, and therefore, fabric reactive unit, may
initially combine with the reactive units of fiber and the balance
of the "differentiated reactivity R.sup.1 fabric reactive units"
may remain unreacted. Therefore, if the primary R.sup.1 site of
attachment is lost due to mechanical detachment, a secondary,
initially less reactive "fabric reactive moiety" can be reacted
with the fabric surface at the instigation of the consumer, for
example, during ironing, or by the deliberate application of a
"linking catalyst".
[0034] As described herein below, some of the compounds of the
present invention are oligomeric. For the purposes of the present
invention the term "oligomeric" is defined "as a unit which
comprises more than one fabric reactive heterocyclic backbone
residue per molecule". For example, one s-triazine ring can
comprise up to three reactive sites two of which can be intended to
react with cellulosic material. A compound comprising two or more,
for example, s-triazine units linked by an R unit as described
herein below, is oligomeric.
[0035] Fabric Modifying Compounds
[0036] The compositions of the present invention comprise and the
processes of the present invention utilize compositions which
comprise one or more fabric modifying compounds having the formula:
9
[0037] wherein R is a backbone linking unit wherein each R is
independently a unit having the formula:
--(Y).sub.pR.sup.3(Y).sub.p--
[0038] wherein R.sup.3 is substituted or unsubstituted
C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkylene, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkenylene,
C.sub.3-C.sub.22 cycloalkylene, C.sub.6-C.sub.22 arylene,
C.sub.7-C.sub.22 alkylarylene, and mixture thereof; preferably
R.sup.3 is C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene, phenylene, C.sub.7-C.sub.10
alkylarylene, and mixture thereof. Y is --O--, NR'--, and mixtures
thereof, R' is hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, and mixtures
thereof; p is 0 or 1. Preferably Y is --NH--when each p is 1.
[0039] Each R.sup.1 is independently selected from the group
consisting of:
[0040] i) a fabric reactive moiety. The term "fabric reactive
moiety" is defined herein as "a unit which facilitates the
formation of a covalent bond between the fabric modifying compound
and a reactive unit on the surface of fabric." One preferred
embodiment of the present invention, as described herein below,
relates to fabric modifying compounds or oligomers which backbones
comprise one fabric benefit R.sup.1 unit, one fabric reactive
R.sup.1 unit, and the balance of R.sup.1 units are fabric
non-reactive moieties which serve as modulating units not capable
of reacting with fabric reactive sites, inter alia, the hydroxyls
of cellulosic material, said R.sup.1 non-reactive units do not play
any further role in reacting with the fabric fibers once the bond
between the fabric reactive unit and the fiber has been formed.
Preferably each fabric reactive moiety is independently selected
from the group consisting of halogen, thioglycolate, citrate,
nicotinate, (4-sulfonylphenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and
mixtures thereof; more preferably chlorine,
(4-sulfonylphenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, most preferably
chlorine.
[0041] ii) a fabric non-reactive moiety; preferably said fabric
non-reactive moiety is selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched, substituted or
unsubstituted alkyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22 substituted or unsubstituted
cycloalkyl, C.sub.6-C.sub.18 substituted or unsubstituted aryl,
C.sub.7-C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkylenearyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.10 substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, and
mixtures thereof; more preferably hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 linear
or branched alkyl, phenyl, pyridinyl, and mixtures thereof; most
preferably hydrogen, methyl, or mixtures thereof. Non-limiting
examples of suitable non-reactive R.sup.1 units are units having
the formula: 10
[0042] wherein R" can be one or more units which provide a desired
property to the triazine, triazine oligomer, pyrimidine, pyrimidine
oligomer, cyclotriphosphazene, cyclotriphosphazene oligomer, or
backbones comprising mixtures thereof, inter alia, water
solubility, fabric substantivity. Non-limiting examples or R"
include halogen, --SO.sub.3M, NH.sub.2, wherein M is hydrogen or a
water soluble cation, preferably sodium.
[0043] iii) a fabric conditioning moiety having the formula:
--[(Z).sub.qW(R.sup.4).sub.x].sub.y--(Z).sub.q--W(R.sup.4).sub.x
[0044] wherein each W is independently a quaternized amino moiety,
--N.sup.+--,or an unquaternized amino moiety, --N--; R.sup.4 is
hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkyl,
C.sub.2-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkenyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22
cycloalkyl, C.sub.7-C.sub.22 alkylenearyl, C.sub.3-C.sub.22
heteroaryl, C.sub.4-C.sub.22 alkyleneheteroaryl, and mixtures
thereof; Z is a unit which serves to link the amino nitrogen to the
backbone or serves as a link between fabric conditioning moiety
amino units, said Z unit are C.sub.2-C.sub.12 linear or branched
alkylene; q is 0 or 1; x is from 1 to 3; y is from 0 to 5.
[0045] iv) s-triazine units having the formula: 11
[0046] v) pyrimidine units having the formula: 12
[0047] vi) cyclotriphosphazene units having the formula: 13
[0048] vii) and mixtures thereof;
[0049] wherein R.sup.2 is R.sup.1 or a unit selected from the group
consisting of hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.22 alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, and
mixtures thereof; X is --N--, --CH--, and mixtures thereof;
preferably --N--; the index m is from 0 to 5, the index n is from 0
to 5.
[0050] For embodiments wherein R.sup.1 units comprise one or more
s-triazine, pyrimidine, or cyclotriphosphazene units, the backbone
of the oligomer will be a branched backbone, for example, a
backbone having the general formula: 14
[0051] wherein R units are any linking units as described
hereinabove, and the remaining R.sup.1 units are fabric reactive or
fabric non-reactive units as described herein. A preferred
embodiment of this type of backbone has the formula: 15
[0052] wherein the "A-ring" triazine comprises two fabric reactive
moieties, the "B-ring" triazine comprises non-reactive moieties,
and the two "C-ring" triazines comprise R.sup.1 units which deliver
fabric enhancement benefits.
[0053] A non-limiting example of a preferred fabric conditioning
moiety has the formula:
--N(R.sup.4).sub.2
[0054] wherein R.sup.4 is C.sub.8-C.sub.22 linear or branched
alkyl, C.sub.12-C.sub.22 linear or branched alkenyl, and mixtures
thereof, preferably C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl,
C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures thereof.
[0055] A further non-limiting example of a preferred fabric
conditioning moiety has the formula:
--[(Z).sub.qN.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2]y--(Z).sub.q--N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.3
[0056] wherein Z is C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene; R.sup.4 is methyl,
benzyl, C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear
alkeny, and mixtures thereof; q is 0 or 1; y is 0 or 1; more
preferably having the formula:
--[N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.2]--(Z)--N.sup.+(R.sup.4).sub.3
[0057] wherein Z is ethylene, propylene, or mixtures thereof.
[0058] One embodiment of the present invention relates to fabric
modifying compounds comprising one s-triazine or one pyrimidine
unit (non-oligomers), for example, compounds having the formula:
16
[0059] wherein R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of
halogen, (4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and
mixtures thereof, preferably the index y is equal to 0. Also
preferred are fabric modifying compounds having the formula: 17
[0060] wherein R.sup.1 is preferably chlorine; R.sup.4 is
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl,
and mixtures thereof; preferably C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkyl,
C.sub.18 linear alkenyl, and mixtures thereof.
[0061] Another embodiment of the present invention relates to
compounds, compositions comprising compounds, or processes
utilizing compounds having two s-triazine or pyrimidine backbone
units (oligomers), for example, the preferred compounds having the
formula: 18
[0062] wherein R has the formula:
--N--R.sup.3--NH--
[0063] wherein R.sup.3 is C.sub.2-C.sub.6 alkylene, phenylene,
substituted phenylene, and mixtures thereof; at least one R.sup.1
is selected from the group consisting of halogen,
(4-sulfonyl-phenyl)amino, (4-sulfonylphenyl)oxy, and mixtures
thereof; preferably compounds having the formula: 19
[0064] wherein R.sup.1 is halogen, preferably chlorine; R.sup.4 is
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 linear alkyl, C.sub.16-C.sub.18 linear alkenyl,
and mixtures thereof.
[0065] The following is a non-limiting example of a preferred
fabric modifying compound according to the present invention.
20
[0066] The following is a non-limiting example of a preferred
fabric modifying compound according to the present invention.
21
[0067] where in M is hydrogen or a salt forming cation.
Formulations
[0068] The present invention relates to a composition for modifying
cellulose or cellulose comprising fabric, said composition
comprising:
[0069] a) from about 0.1%, preferably from about 1%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 20%, preferably to about 10%,
more preferably to about 7% by weight, of a cellulose modifying
compound as described herein above;
[0070] b) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, of a
surfactant;
[0071] c) optionally, from about 0.01%, preferably from about
0.05%, more preferably from about 0.1%, most preferably from about
0.5% to about 2%, preferably to about 1.5%, more preferably to
about 1% by weight, of a swelling agent; and
[0072] b) the balance carriers and other adjunct ingredients;
[0073] wherein said composition is in the form of an emulsion.
[0074] Surfactant
[0075] The compositions of the present invention which are applied
to fabric at the point of manufacture by the process of the present
invention comprises form about 0.01%, preferably from about 0.1%,
more preferably from about 1% to about 10%, preferably to about 7%,
more preferably to about 5% by weight, of one or more surfactants.
Preferably said surfactant is a nonionic surfactant selected from
the group consisting of C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl ethoxylates,
C.sub.6-C.sub.12 alkyl phenol alkoxylates wherein said alkoxylate
units are a mixture of ethyleneoxy and propyleneoxy units,
C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alcohols, C.sub.6-C.sub.12 alkyl phenol
condensates with ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block polymers,
alkylpolysaccharides, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, and mixtures
thereof. Non-limiting examples of more preferred surfactants
include C.sub.12-C.sub.18 alkyl ethoxylates, inter alia,
Neodol.RTM. alkyl ethoxylates available ex Shell.
[0076] Swelling Agent
[0077] Optionally, but preferably the compositions of the present
invention comprise from about 0.01%, preferably from about 0.05%,
more preferably from about 0. 1%, most preferably from about 0.5%
to about 2%, preferably to about 1.5%, more preferably to about 1%
by weight, of a swelling agent. Although, in general, the nonionic
surfactant or carrier may serve to sufficiently swell the fiber of
the fabric being treated, the formulator may also include an
optionally swelling agent. Non-limiting examples of swelling agents
include urea, sodium hydroxide, and the like.
Adjunct Ingredients
[0078] Aside from the requirement that the compositions of the
present invention comprise a fabric modifying compound and a
surfactant, the balance of the composition may comprise one or more
adjunct ingredients as well as carriers. The following are
non-limiting examples of carriers and adjunct ingredients.
[0079] Crystal Growth Inhibitor
[0080] The compositions of the present invention optionally
comprise from about 0.005%, preferably from about 0.5%, more
preferably from about 0.1% to about 1%, preferably to about 0.5%,
more preferably to about 0.25%, most preferably to about 0.2% by
weight, of one or more crystal growth inhibitors.
Carboxylic Compounds
[0081] Non-limiting examples of carboxylic compounds which serve as
crystal growth inhibitors include glycolic acid, phytic acid,
polycarboxylic acids, polymers and co-polymers of carboxylic acids
and polycarboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof. The inhibitors may
be in the acid or salt form. Preferably the polycarboxylic acids
comprise materials having at least two carboxylic acid radicals
which are separated by not more than two carbon atoms (e.g.,
methylene units). The preferred salt forms include alkali metals;
lithium, sodium, and potassium; and alkanolammonium. The
polycarboxylates suitable for use in the present invention are
further disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,128,287, 3,635,830,
4,663,071, 3,923,679; 3,835,163; 4,158,635; 4,120,874 and
4,102,903, each of which is included herein by reference.
[0082] Further suitable polycarboxylates include ether
hydroxypolycarboxylates, polyacrylate polymers, copolymers of
maleic anhydride and the ethylene ether or vinyl methyl ethers of
acrylic acid. Copolymers of 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene,
2,4,6-trisulphonic acid, and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid are also
useful. Alkali metal salts of polyacetic acids, for example,
ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, and the
alkali metal salts of polycarboxylates, for example, mellitic acid,
succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, polymaleic acid, benzene
1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, are
suitable for use in the present invention as crystal growth
inhibitors.
[0083] The polymers and copolymers which are useful as crystal
growth inhibitors have a molecular weight which is preferably
greater than about 500 daltons to about 100,000 daltons, more
preferably to about 50,000 daltons.
[0084] Examples of commercially available materials for use as
crystal growth inhibitors include, polyacrylate polymers
Good-Rite.RTM. ex BF Goodrich, Acrysol.RTM. ex Rohm & Haas,
Sokalan.RTM. ex BASF, and Norasol.RTM. ex Norso Haas. Preferred are
the Norasol.RTM. polyacrylate polymers, more preferred are
Norasol.RTM. 410N (MW 10,000) and Norasol.RTM. 440N (MW 4000) which
is an amino phosphonic acid modified polyacrylate polymer, and also
more preferred is the acid form of this modified polymer sold as
Norasol.RTM. QR 784 (MW 4000) ex Norso-Haas.
[0085] Polycarboxylate crystal growth inhibitors include citrates,
e.g., citric acid and soluble salts thereof (particularly sodium
salt), 3,3-dicarboxy-4-oxa-1,6-hexanedioates and related compounds
further disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,566,984 incorporated herein by
reference, C.sub.5-C.sub.20 alkyl, C.sub.5-C.sub.20 alkenyl
succinic acid and salts thereof, of which dodecenyl succinate,
lauryl succinate, myristyl succinate, palmityl succinate,
2-dodecenylsuccinate, 2-pentadecenyl succinate, are non-limiting
examples. Other suitable polycarboxylates are disclosed in U.S.
Pat. Nos. 4,144,226, 3,308,067 and 3,723,322, all of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
Organic Phosphonic Acids
[0086] Organic diphosphonic acid are also suitable for use as
crystal growth inhibitors. For the purposes of the present
invention the term "organic diphosphonic acid" is defined as "an
organo-diphosphonic acid or salt which does not comprise a nitrogen
atom". Preferred organic diphosphonic acids include C.sub.1-C.sub.4
diphosphonic acid, preferably C.sub.2 diphosphonic acid selected
from the group consisting of ethylene diphosphonic acid,
.alpha.-hydroxy-2phenyl ethyl diphosphonic acid, methylene
diphosphonic acid, vinylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid,
1,2-dihydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, hydroxy-ethane 1,1
diphosphonic acid, the salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. More
preferred is hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP).
[0087] A more preferred phosphonic acid I
2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarbo- xylic acid (PBTC) available as
Bayhibit.RTM. AM ex Bayer.
[0088] Electrolyte
[0089] The compositions of the present invention may also
optionally, but preferably comprise, one or more electrolytes for
control of phase stability, viscosity, and/or clarity. For example,
the presence of certain electrolytes inter alia calcium chloride,
magnesium chloride may be key to insuring initial product clarity
and low viscosity, or may affect the dilution viscosity of liquid
embodiments, especially isotropic liquid embodiments. Not wishing
to be limited by theory, but only wishing to provide an example of
a circumstance wherein the formulator must insure proper dilution
viscosity, includes the following example. An electrolyte may be
added to the compositions of the present invention to insure phase
stability and prevent the fabric modifying compound from "gelling
out" or from undergoing an undesirable or unacceptable viscosity
increase. Prevention of gelling or formation of a "swelled", high
viscosity solution insures thorough delivery of the fabric
modifying composition during the process of the present
invention.
[0090] However, those skilled in the art of fabric softener
compositions will recognize that the level of electrolyte is also
influenced by other factors inter alia the type of fabric onto
which the composition is deposed, the type of R.sup.1 fabric
reactive units and the final pH of the solution, the amount of
principal solvent, and the level and type of nonionic surfactant.
Therefore, the formulator must consider all of the ingredients,
namely, fabric modifying compound, nonionic surfactant, and in the
case of isotropic liquids, the principal solvent type and level, as
well as level and identity of adjunct ingredients before selecting
the type and/or level of electrolyte.
[0091] A wide variety of ionizable salts can be used. Examples of
suitable salts are the halides of the Group IA and IIA metals of
the Periodic Table of the elements, e.g., calcium chloride, sodium
chloride, potassium bromide, and lithium chloride. The ionizable
salts are particularly useful during the process of mixing the
ingredients to make the compositions herein, and later to obtain
the desired viscosity. The amount of ionizable salts used depends
on the amount of active ingredients used in the compositions and
can be adjusted according to the desires of the formulator. Typical
levels of salts used to control the composition viscosity are from
about 20 to about 10,000 parts per million (ppm), preferably from
about 20 to about 5,000 ppm, of the composition.
[0092] Alkylene polyammonium salts can be incorporated into the
composition to give viscosity control in addition to or in place of
the water-soluble, ionizable salts above, In addition, these agents
can act as scavengers, forming ion pairs with anionic detergent
carried over from the main wash, in the rinse, and on the fabrics,
and can improve softness performance. These agents can stabilized
the viscosity over a broader range of temperature, especially at
low temperatures, compared to the inorganic electrolytes. Specific
examples of alkylene polyammonium salts include L-lysine,
monohydrochloride and 1,5-diammonium 2-methyl pentane
dihydrochloride.
[0093] Dispersibility Aids
[0094] When dispersibility aids are present, the total level is
from 0.1%, preferably from 0.3%, more preferably from 3%, even more
preferably from 4%, and most preferably from 5% to 25%, preferably
to 17%, more preferably to 15%, most preferably to 13% by weight,
of the composition. The total level of dispersibility aid includes
any amount that may be present as part of another adjunct
ingredient.
[0095] Preferred dispersibility aids are GENAMINE.RTM. and
GENAPOL.RTM. ex Clariant. When PVP is present in the compositions
of the present invention, a preferred embodiment comprises both a
cocoyl ethoxylated amine and a cocoyl ethoxylated alcohol, wherein
the ethoxylation is approximately 10, each of which are available
as GENAMINE.RTM. and GENAPOL.RTM.. A preferred example of the use
of this admixture is a composition which comprises, for example,
0.2% GENAMINE.RTM. and 0.1% GENAPOL.RTM..
[0096] Principal Solvent
[0097] Although water is the preferred carrier of the present
invention, the compositions of the present invention may comprise
as a carrier a principal solvent. The level of principal solvent
present in the compositions of the present invention is typically
less than about 95%, preferably less than about 50%, more
preferably less than about 25%, most preferably less than about 15%
by weight. Some embodiments of present invention may comprise no
principal solvent but may substitute instead a suitable nonionic
surfactant as described herein above.
[0098] When utilized, the principal solvents suitable for use in
the present invention are selected from those having a ClogP of
from about 0.15 to about 1, preferably from about 0.15 to about
0.64, more preferably from about 0.25 to about 0.62, most
preferably from about 0.4 to about 0.6. Preferably the principal
solvent is at least to some degree an asymmetric molecule,
preferably having a melting, or solidification point which allows
the principal solvent to be liquid at or near room temperature. Low
molecular weight principal solvents may be desirable for some
embodiments. More preferred molecules are highly asymmetrical.
Process
[0099] The present invention relates to a manufacturing process for
providing fabric with an enhanced fabric benefit, said process
comprising the steps of contacting fabric with a composition in the
form of an aqueous emulsion, said composition comprising:
[0100] a) from about 0.1%, preferably from about 1%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 20%, preferably to about 10%,
more preferably to about 7% by weight, of a cellulose modifying
compound as described herein above;
[0101] b) from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight, of a surfactant;
and
[0102] c) the balance carriers and other adjunct ingredients;
[0103] wherein said composition is in the form of an emulsion.
[0104] The following is a non-limiting example of a process
according to the present invention.
1,3-Dichloro-5-[(dioleyl)amino]-s-triazine (14.25 g) and
Neodol.RTM. 91-8 (0.5 g) are combined with distilled water (306.69
g) in a high shear mixer and heated to 100.degree. C. After cooling
the solution is re-heated to 95.degree. C. an additional distilled
water (253.07 g) is added while stirring. Sodium carbonate (35.16
g) is then added and the mixture is allowed to stir an additional 3
minutes.
[0105] The fabric modifying composition was then applied to 14
inch.times.12 inch terry cloth sheets comprising 86% cotton14%
polyester via Mathis.TM. Padder set at 1.5 m/min. The amount of
composition deposited on a dry weight basis is about 1%. The
treated terry cloth sheets were then laundered 10 time in a
detersive surfact comprising laundry detergent composition
(Tide.RTM.). The treated sheets exhibited increased softness
relative to un treated sheets (control) when measured by expert
panelists.
* * * * *