U.S. patent application number 09/454105 was filed with the patent office on 2002-07-25 for combination soap bar composition containing monoglyceride sulfonate and its manufacturing method.
Invention is credited to AHN, HO-JEONG, CHOI, JUNG-JIN, CHOI, YOUNG-HO, GOO, JE-KWON, HUH, TAE-KYUNG, KIM, TAE-SEONG, RANG, MOON-JEONG.
Application Number | 20020098995 09/454105 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 26634401 |
Filed Date | 2002-07-25 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020098995 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
GOO, JE-KWON ; et
al. |
July 25, 2002 |
COMBINATION SOAP BAR COMPOSITION CONTAINING MONOGLYCERIDE SULFONATE
AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD
Abstract
The present invention relates to a combination soap bar
composition containing monoglyceride sulfonates and a method for
manufacturing the same. A combination bar composition containing
monoglyceride sulfonates of the present invention comprises fatty
acid based toilet bars and monoglyceride sulfonates of the
following General Formula 1: 1 where R is an alkyl having 7 to 21
carbon atoms, and M is sodium, potassium, triethanolamine, or
ammonium. A combination bar composition containing monoglyceride
sulfonates of the present invention has good general physical
properties such as soap softness, etc. and very good moisturization
properties and feel during usage even after repeated uses.
Furthermore, a combination liquid phase solution is manufactured by
adding chloro sulfonates to a liquid phase soap which is produced
from fatty acids, with the above combined liquid phase solution
agitated, dried, and passed through soap manufacturing equipment in
order to manufacture a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonates of the present invention. A method for
manufacturing a combination bar containing monoglyceride sulfonates
of the present invention involves a simple and economical
manufacturing process. The quality of soap manufactured by the
above method is equal to or higher than soap manufactured in a
milling or slurry process after synthesizing monoglyceride.
Inventors: |
GOO, JE-KWON; (DAEJEON,
KR) ; CHOI, YOUNG-HO; (DAEJEON, KR) ; RANG,
MOON-JEONG; (DAEJEON, KR) ; KIM, TAE-SEONG;
(DAEJEON, KR) ; HUH, TAE-KYUNG; (DAEJEON, KR)
; CHOI, JUNG-JIN; (DAEJEON, KR) ; AHN,
HO-JEONG; (DAEJEON, KR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
BAKER & BOTTS
30 ROCKEFELLER PLAZA
NEW YORK
NY
10112
|
Family ID: |
26634401 |
Appl. No.: |
09/454105 |
Filed: |
December 3, 1999 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
510/141 ;
510/153; 510/156 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C11D 1/28 20130101; C11D
1/123 20130101; C11D 1/29 20130101; C11D 17/006 20130101; C11D
1/126 20130101; C11D 10/042 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
510/141 ;
510/153; 510/156 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/50 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 3, 1998 |
KR |
98-52775 |
Jul 29, 1999 |
KR |
99-31025 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A combination toilet soap bar composition comprising fatty acid
based toilet soap bars; and 2 to 35 weight % of monoglyceride
sulfonates of the following General Formula 1: 6where R is an alkyl
having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and M is sodium, potassium,
triethanolamine, or ammonium.
2. A combination toilet soap bar composition in accordance with
claim 1 wherein the above soap composition further comprises 1 to
25 weight % of surfactant.
3. A method for manufacturing monoglyceride sulfonates
characterized in that the processes comprise the steps of: (a)
manufacturing a fatty acid based liquid phase soap by adding
electrolyte and neutralizer to fatty acids; (b) manufacturing a
combination liquid phase soap by adding chlorohydroxy sulfonates to
the above liquid phase soap and agitating; and (c) manufacturing a
soap in soap manufacturing equipment by drying the above combined
liquid phase soap.
4. A method for manufacturing a combination bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonates in accordance with claim 3 characterized
in that the above chlorohydroxy sulfonates comprise 1 to 12 weight
% of the above combination liquid phase soap.
5. A method for manufacturing a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonates in accordance with claim 3, wherein a
method to add chlorohydroxy sulfonates to the above liquid phase
soap is to mix them with the above liquid phase soap after
manufacturing a chlorohydroxy sulfonate solution.
6. A method for manufacturing a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonates in accordance with claim 5, wherein the
above chlorohydroxy sulfonate solution comprises 30 to 45 weight %
of chlorohydroxy sulfonate and the temperature of a chlorohydroxy
sulfonate solution is from 40 to 70 degrees centigrade.
7. A method for manufacturing a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonates in accordance with claim 3 characterized
in that a method to add chlorohydroxy sulfonates to the above
liquid phase soap is to add powdered chlorohydroxy sulfonates,
wherein the powdered chlorohydroxy sulfonates have over 90 weight %
of active constituents.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is based on application Nos. 98-28546,
98-52775, and 99-31025 filed in the Korean Industrial Property
Office on Jul. 15, 1998, Dec. 3, 1998, and Jul. 29, 1999,
respectively, the contents of which are incorporated hereinto by
reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] (a) Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to a combination soap bar
composition containing monoglyceridesulfonate and its manufacturing
method, more particularly to a combination soap bar composition
containing monoglyceride sulfonate having superior moisturizing
characteristics and feel during usage as well as a method for
economically manufacturing a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonate.
[0004] (b) Description of the Related Art
[0005] Toilet soap bars which are made by saponifying fatty acids
obtained by decomposing fats and fatty oils using calcium
hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. are generally used for washing
human bodies. When toilet soap bars are used frequently, their
sebum constituents of skin are excessively removed and the softened
stratum corneum results in a possible cause of skin irritation
since toilet soap bars are strongly alkaline. That is, when
alkaline toilet soap bars are repeatedly used over a long time, the
skin can become dried and loses its flexibility, easily causing
problems of skin roughness. Various additives in toilet soap bar
compositions which supply water and oil substances to the skin have
been used in order to address the problems of skin drying and skin
roughness attributable to the use of these alkaline toilet soap
bars. There have also been attempts to alleviate skin drying by
adding cosmetic materials, e.g., excess fatty agents, wetting
agents, and plant extracts to soaps.
[0006] Moisturizing agents used in toilet soap bars, which put
moisture on the surface layer of skin and act to block the moisture
loss from the skin, play a role to reduce the moisture loss by
forming a skin protection layer. Commonly applicable moisturizing
agents for skin include glycerin, sorbitol, and natural oils. These
form a skin protection layer by creating a membrane on the
irregularities of a skin surface that has dried out due to the
frequent use of alkaline soaps so that the moisture evaporation is
restrained in order to alleviate further skin drying.
[0007] However, the current moisturizing agents do not have a
function to adsorb external moisture for the skin, but only
function in a role of acting as a temporary protective membrane.
Furthermore, the current moisturizing agents do not have long
lasting effects since they are easily broken away from the skin
surface due to physical influences, and also have a problem in that
the soap bars in which they are added are easily hydrated and
softened when they are increasingly used by a bather in efforts to
sustain their effects. That is, the current moisturizing agents do
not influence the physiological functions of the skin due to their
temporary effectiveness and in most cases actually unfavorably
influence soap properties.
[0008] There has been increased interest in the manufacturing
processes of soaps in which the surfactants are less irritating to
the skin and have superior moisturizing effects than those
contained in the general fatty acid based soaps in order to address
these problems.
[0009] For example, a method for improving the moisturizing and
feel during usage of liquid type body cleansers by mixing and using
anionic, nonionic, and amphoteric surfactants is disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 5,683,683. Although characteristics which each surfactant
retain show synergy effect to constrain skin drying, and hence
resulting in the moisturization of the skin when amphoteric
surfactants are mixed and used with combination soap bars, an
excessive amount of non inoic and amphoteric surfactants in these
mixed surfactants has produced problems after long term storage
with soap bar discoloration and reduce degrees of bubbling.
[0010] Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 4,695,395 discloses that the skin
protection function is provided by having acyl isethionate, an
anionic surfactant, in a combination bar. Although acyl isethionate
is a low skin irritant and has superior usage due to its low
liquidity and high hydrophilicity compared to general fatty acid
based soaps, it has disadvantages in that its high solubility
causes water to be easily absorbed into soap resulting in the
deterioration of soap physical properties.
[0011] Furthermore, Korean Patent Publication No. 95-12209 mentions
a method for manufacturing a combination soap bar containing active
constituents in which acyl isethionate, a low skin irritant anionic
surfactant, is contained as a supporting cleansing constituent.
However, this method has not been very economical due to the
complexity of its manufacturing method which comprises processes of
manufacturing in advance acyl isethionate into certain specified
dimensions using fatty acids and sodium isethionate, then
processing the acyl isethionate into a slurry phase at a high
temperature using liquid and solid phases, ionic water, etc., with
the mixing of the slurry phase with a liquid phase soap.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0012] It is an object of the present invention to provide a
combination soap bar composition which has an improved soap
softness, superior moisturizing effect and usage, and is a low skin
irritant.
[0013] It is an other object of the present invention to provide a
method for manufacturing a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonate in which the function of combination soap
bar is maintained with a simple and economical manufacturing
process, wherein a combination soap bar containing monoglyceride
sulfonate having superior cleansing power and moisturizing
characteristics and feel during usage is produced.
[0014] The present invention provides a fatty acid based toilet bar
and a combination toilet soap bar composition containing 2 to 35
weight % of monoglyceride sulfonate of the following General
Formula 1 in order to achieve the above objects: 2
[0015] where R is an alkyl having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and M is
sodium, potassium, triethanolamine, or ammonium.
[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for
manufacturing a combination soap bar containing monoglyceride
sulfonate characterized in that the manufacturing processes consist
of (a) manufacturing a fatty acid based liquid phase soap by adding
electrolyte and neutralizer to fatty acids; (b) manufacturing mixed
liquid phase soaps by adding chlorohydroxy sulfonate to the above
liquid phase soaps and agitating; and (c) manufacturing soaps with
the above associated soap manufacturing equipment by drying the
above mixed liquid phase soaps.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0017] In the following detailed description, only the preferred
embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, simply
by way of illustration of the best mode contemplated by the
inventor(s) of carrying out the invention. As will be realized, the
invention is capable of modification in various obvious respects,
all without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the
description is to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not
restrictive.
[0018] The present invention is described in detail below.
[0019] The combination soap bar composition of the present
invention contains general fatty acid based soaps as a main
cleansing agent and 2 to 35 weight %, preferably 5 to 20 weight %,
of monoglyceride sulfonate of the General Formula 1 below as a
supporting cleansing agent.
[0020] Typical examples of monoglyceride sulfonate used in the
present invention having the below General Formula 1 include sodium
cocomoglyceride sulfonate, sodium tallow, monoglyceride sulfonate,
sodium palm oil, monoglyceride sulfonate, sodium palm kernel
monoglyceride sulfonate, etc. and a mixture made by mixing one or
more of the above can be used: 3
[0021] where R is an alkyl having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and M is
sodium, potassium, triethanolamine, or ammonium. RCOO having the
above R is obtained from single or combined fatty acids which are
derived from fats of tallow or lard, plant oil such as coconut oil,
palm oil, or palm kernel oil.
[0022] Although monoglyceride sulfonate which manufactured by the
following method is used in the present invention, its manufacture
is not restricted to the following method.
[0023] Monoglyceride sulfonate can be manufactured after sodium
chlorohydroxy sulfonate, an intermediate, is produced using
epichlohydrin, reductant sodium sulfite, etc. The monoglyceride
sulfonate used in the present invention is manufactured by
transesterification using alkali salts of higher fatty acids. The
above higher fatty acids can use a single or combined fatty acids
which are derived from fats of tallow or lard, plant oil such as
coconut oil, palm oil, or palm kernel oil.
[0024] The manufactured monoglyceride sulfonates show the following
characteristics:
[0025] (i) low human skin irritation since it contains ester groups
in its molecules;
[0026] (ii) even though it has a lower melting point than general
fatty acid soaps, it has superior physical properties with water
since it has a higher melting point and a lower solubility than
other surfactants due to the affect of hydrogen bonds between the
negative electric charges of hydroxy groups and sulfonates; and
[0027] (iii) superior skin moisturization and feel during usage are
provided due to the bond strength with water molecules enhanced by
the hydroxy group of hydrophilic parts during the initial or
repeated uses of soaps.
[0028] The soap softness is improved by the above characteristics
and a combination soap bar composition having superior
moisturization and feel during usage can be manufactured when 2 to
35 weight %, preferably 5 to 20 weight % of monoglyceride
sulfonate, is used as a supporting cleansing agent in a combination
soap bar composition of the present invention. When two or less
weight % of the above combination soap bar composition is used,
moisturization and `feel during usage` characteristics deteriorate,
even though the soap softness remains good. When 35 or more weight
% of the above combination soap bar composition is used, softness
of the toilet soap bar deteriorates, although moisturization and
feel during usage remain superior
[0029] Furthermore, general fatty acid based toilet soap bars can
be used in the present invention that are made by neutralizing
single or combined fatty acids obtained from animal oil and fat of
beef tallow, lard, etc., plant oils such as coconut oil, palm
kernel oil, palm oil, palm stearin oil, etc. with sodium hydroxide,
potassium hydroxide, and triethanolamine. Typical examples of
general fatty acid based toilet soap bars include sodium tallowyl
soap, cocoyl soap, or a mixture of one or more thereof.
[0030] 1 to 25 weight % of two to three or more surfactants salts
normally used in a combination toilet soap bar, i.e., alkyl
sulfates such as acyl isethionate, sodium laureth sulfate, sodium
lauryl sulfate, etc., alkyl sulfosuccinate, alkyl glyceryl ether
sulfonate, acyl sarcocinate, acyl taurate, alkyl sulfoacetate, and
alkyl ether sulfate can be used considering the inherent
characteristics of each surfactants in the range in which the
effects of the present invention are not deteriorated in a
combination soap bar composition of the present invention.
[0031] In order to manufacture the solid phase soaps with a
combination soap bar composition of the present invention, a
combination soap bar composition of the present invention can use a
mixture of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting
of binder, plasticizer, and vehicle. Binder and plasticizer improve
the soap manufacturing workability by providing soaps with bond
strength and plasticity. They also influence the soap hardness
after manufacturing and physical properties such as softness,
degree of bubbling, smoothness, etc. while in use. Higher fatty
acids such as those generally used higher fatty alcohols, coconut
fatty acids, etc., hardened oil and fat, paraffin wax, polyester,
polyethylene glycol, sodium stearate, hardened cator oil, fatty
alkyl ketone, etc. can also be used. Furthermore, ordinarily used
dextrin, starch, salt, talc, etc. can be used as vehicle, which
plays a role of maintaining the interior structural stability of
the final products or the product harness
[0032] Furthermore, 5 to 20 weight % of moisture, and other
constituents used in a normal toilet soap bar, that is pigments
like white pigment such as titanium dioxide, etc., perfumes,
antioxidant, metallic ion sealing agents such as
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, etc., and other additives can be
used in a combination soap bar composition according to the present
invention. The other constituents, however, except for moisture,
are used in very small amounts.
[0033] A combination soap bar explained in the present invention
can be manufactured by various methods. Manufacturing methods of
ordinary combination soap bars include a manufacturing method
consisting of the steps of adding cleansing agent and additives to
a mixer and then mixing in a mixture for a certain period, remixing
the mixture uniformly in the milling process, and consequently
manufacturing soap in a general soap process. Additionally there is
another manufacturing method consisting of the steps of
manufacturing part or all of the additives except for the main
cleansing agent in a slurry, mixing the slurry with main cleansing
agent, and consequently manufacturing soap in a general soap
process.
[0034] Although a method for manufacturing a combination soap bar
composition for an embodiment of the present invention comprises
the steps of adding monoglyceride sulfonate and other additives to
a mixture of fatty acid based toilet soap bar, mixing for five
minutes, and then uniformly mixing the mixture in a three stage
roll mill, and then mixing, molding, extruding and forming a shape
according to an ordinary soap manufacturing process, the
combination soap bar manufacturing method of the present invention
is not restricted to this.
[0035] Furthermore, the present inventors found that a combination
soap bar composition having superior general physical properties
and moisturization could be manufactured by manufacturing a low
irritant anionic surfactant and monoglyceride sulfonate as a
supporting cleansing agent of general fatty acid based soaps, roll
milling or making monoglyceride sulfonate into a slurry phase and
containing it in a soap. However, the above soap manufacturing
method is not economical since after a supporting cleansing
constituent of monoglyceride sulfonate is manufactured, soap is
manufactured by reprocessing it with a milling or a slurry process
of a general fatty acid based soap.
[0036] Therefore, as a result of continuous studies on how to
manufacture a combination soap bar containing a supported cleansing
agent, i.e., monoglyceride sulfonate, in an economical way, the
present inventors generated a manufacturing method of a combination
soap bar containing monoglyceride sulfonate of the present
invention by discovering that when chlorohydroxy sulfonate
(hereinafter referred to as "chlorosulfonate") is added to a liquid
phase soap in a soap manufacturing process and certain reaction
conditions are provided, a combination soap bar containing
monoglyceride sulfonate can be manufactured, and the quality of the
physical properties and mosturization of the soap can be maintained
at the same or at a higher level during water absorption, when
compared to a soap manufactured in a milling or a slurry phase
after synthesizing monoglyceride sulfonate.
[0037] The present invention is a method for manufacturing a
combination soap bar containing monoglyceride sulfonate
characterized in that the soap manufacturing processes in soap
manufacturing equipment consist of (a) manufacturing fatty acid
based liquid phase soap by adding electrolyte and neutralizer to
fatty acids; (b) manufacturing a mixed liquid phase soap by adding
chlorohydroxy sulfonate to the above liquid phase soap and
agitating; and (c) drying the above mixed liquid phase soap.
[0038] The above fatty acid based liquid phase soap of the present
invention is manufactured by adding electrolyte and neutralizer to
fatty acids, and the moisture content is preferably 20 to 35 weight
%. The above fatty acids are single or combined fatty acids
obtained from animal oil and fat such as beef tallow, lard, etc.,
plant oil such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil fat, palm
stearin oil, etc.
[0039] Alkali metal, more preferably sodium chloride, is used as
the above electrolyte. The above sodium chloride is preferably 0.01
to 1 weight %, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 weight % of fatty acid
based liquid phase soap. Furthermore, the above neutralizer is 25
to 50% (w/w) of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide
solution.
[0040] Furthermore, fatty acids, electrolytes and neutralizers to
be used in the above liquid phase soap manufacturing are reacted in
a temperature range of 50 to 90 degrees centigrade, preferably 60
to 80 degrees centigrade, and a liquid phase soap formed by the
above reaction should be maintained in a temperature range of 75 to
100 degrees centigrade, preferably 85 to 95 degrees centigrade. A
liquid phase soap temperature should be maintained by adjusting an
increasing temperature of these additives since temperature
generally increases due to an exothermic reaction when neutralizers
are added to fatty acids.
[0041] Furthermore, the above chlorosulfonates are preferably 1 to
12 weight %, more preferably 2 to 7 weight %, of a combination
liquid phase bar manufactured by mixing the above fatty acid based
liquid phase soap with chlorosulfonates. The monoglyceride amount
is also less in a manufactured combination soap bar when the above
chlorosulfonate amount is less than 1 weight %. The viscosity or
phase of a combination liquid phase soap is also changed so that
the smooth manufacturing of soaps in the ordinary fatty acid based
soap manufacturing equipment can be difficult when chlorosulfonates
exceed 12 weight %.
[0042] One example of the methods for manufacturing the above
chlorosulfonates to be used in the present invention is as follows.
After a reductant, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, or sodium
methabisulfite, is mixed and dissolved with water, epichlohydrine
is added and chloro sulfates are manufactured by reaction. The
structural formula of chlorosulfonate manufactured by the above
method is as in General Formula 2: 4
[0043] where M is sodium, potassium, ammonium or triethanol
ammonium.
[0044] There is also a method (hereinafter referred to as
"continuous type process") for mixing with a liquid phase soap by
manufacturing chlorosulfonate solution and another method
(hereinafter referred to as "batch type process") for putting a
powder phase chlorosulfonate into a liquid phase soap among the
methods for adding chlorosulfonates in the present invention. The
continuous type process is preferable.
[0045] The chlorosulfonate solution to be used in the above
continuous type process is manufactured by dissolving
chlorosulfonate with water, with the above solution containing 20
or more weight %, preferably 30 to 45 weight %, of chlorosulfonates
and manufactured at a temperature of 20 or more degrees centigrade,
preferably 40 to 70 degrees centigrade. Although a chlorosulfonate
solution without water can be used by mixing polyhydric alcohols
(such as propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, polyoxyethylene
glycol), oils (such as mineral oil), and neutralizers (such as
caustic soda, caustic potash, and triethanolamine), it is
preferably manufactured such that chlorosulfonates are not in a
supersaturation condition, if possible.
[0046] A batch type manufacturing method, a method wherein
monoglycerides are contained in a combination soap bar by putting a
certain amount of powder type chlorosulfonate into a liquid phase
soap of which the weight and volume are known, is the same
manufacturing process as a continuous type process except that
chlorosulfonates are added in a powder phase and not in a solution
phase. A powder phase chlorosulfonate used in a batch type process
is composed of 90 or more weight %, preferably 95 or more weight %,
of active constituents.
[0047] The temperature of liquid phase soaps and chlorosulfonate
solution is properly maintained and increased such that the
temperature of a combination liquid phase soap is maintained from
75 to 100 degrees centigrade, preferably 85 to 95 degrees
centigrade, in the manufacturing process of a combination soap bar
composition of the present invention.
[0048] Even if particular mentions are not made herein, a batch
type process is to be regard as having equal status with a
continuous type process in the manufacturing process of a
combination soap bar composition of the present invention. Proper
managing of temperature, agitating speed, and time of the
combination the liquid phase soap with manufacturing methods and
conditions of fatty acid based liquid phase soap and
chlorosulfonate solution is necessary in order to maximize the
yield of monoglyceride sulfonates by adding chlorosulfonates to a
liquid phase soap. Monoglyceride sulfonate formed during the above
agitating procedure can be represented in the following General
Formula 1: 5
[0049] where R is an alkyl having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, and M is
sodium, potassium, ammonium, or triethanolammonium.
[0050] Although the above agitating speed depends on the volume of
the reactor in which a combination liquid phase soap is contained,
there is not much difference in the contained formation amount in
the present invention so long as there is an agitating speed such
that a combination liquid phase soap has the sufficient contact
area. If possible, a high speed agitation is preferable.
[0051] Furthermore, a constant agitating time, temperature, and
agitating speed are necessary in order to form monoglyceride
sulfonates in a combination liquid phase soap. A combination liquid
phase soap is agitated for more than 20 minutes, preferably 30
minutes to 4 hours, since added chlorosulfonates can exist in a
non-reacted condition not participating in the reaction, and the
formed monoglyceride sulfonates are hydrolyzed to influence on the
yield.
[0052] Although a part of chlorosulfonate used in the present
invention and formed monoglyceride sulfonate is hydrolyzed in an
alkali and at a high temperature to form a part of dihydroxypropane
sulfonate and sodium chloride as a side reactant, it is not at a
level so as to influence quality. A solid phase soap falling within
manufacturing and commercial parameters when chlorosulfonates are
used is within the range of the present invention.
[0053] Furthermore, additives which can normally be used in a
toilet soap bar, i.e., perfumes, pigment, antioxidant, metallic ion
sealing agent, etc., can be added during the manufacturing process
of a combination soap bar or after the manufacturing of a cleansing
agent in a combination soap bar composition of the present
invention.
[0054] When soap is manufactured in soap manufacturing equipment by
drying a combination liquid phase soap of the present invention, a
combination soap bar containing monoglyceride sulfonates is
produced. All generally usable drying methods and soap
manufacturing equipment can be used in the above drying method and
soap manufacturing process.
[0055] Examples and comparative examples of the present invention
are described below. However, the following examples are only for
illustrating the present invention and the present invention is not
restricted to the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1
[0056] After uniformly mixing a composition comprising 76.65 weight
% of sodium tallow oil/ coco-oil soap, 6.0 weight % of sodium coco
monoglyceride sulfonate, 3.0 weight % of coconut oil fatty acid,
1.0 weight % of salt, 12.0 weight % of moisture, 0.05 weight % of
ethylenediaminetetra acid, 0.3 weight % of titanium dioxide, and
1.0 weight % of perfumes in an amalgamator and 3 stage roll mill,
soap was manufactured by shaping through molding and extrusion
processes in general fatty acid based toilet soap bar manufacturing
equipment.
EXAMPLES 2 to 3
[0057] Soap was manufactured by the same method as in the above
Example 1 except that the amount of each constituents was changed
as represented in the following Table 1.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 1 to 7
[0058] Soap was manufactured by using constituents represented in
the following Table 1 in ratios as represented in the following
Table 1 and by the same method as in the above Example 1.
1TABLE 1 (Unit: weight %) Com Com Com Com Com Com Com Exam Exam
Exam Exam Exam Exam Exam Exam Exam Exam 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Sodium
76.65 70.65 64.65 85.65 82.65 82 65 76.65 64.65 79.65 73 65
tallowyl/cocoyl soap Sodium coco 6.0 12.0 18.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
monoglyceride sulfonate Sodium cocoyl 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0 18.0 0 0
lisethionate Sodium laureth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0 12.0 sulfate Cocoyl
fatty acid 3.0 3.0 3.0 0 3.0 0 3.0 3 0 0 0 Glycerin 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0
0 0 0 Salt 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1 0 1.0 Moisture 12.0
12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 Ethylene- 0.05 0.05
0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 diaminetetraacetic acid
Titanium dioxide 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 3 0.3 0.3 0 3 Perfumes
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
EXAMPLES 4 to 7
[0059] Soap was manufactured by the same method as the above
Example 1 using constituents represented in the following Table 2
in amounts as represented in the following Table 2.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 8 to 11
[0060] Soap was manufactured by the same method as the above
Example 1 using constituents represented in the following Table 2
in amounts as represented in the following Table 2.
2TABLE 2 (Unit: weight %) Com Com Com Com Exam 4 Exam 5 Exam 6 Exam
7 Exam 8 Exam 9 Exam 10 Exam 11 Sodium tallowyllcocoyl soap 81.65
48.65 77.65 75.65 83.65 44.65 79.65 79.65 Sodium coco monoglyceride
3.0 32.0 0 0 1.0 38.0 0 0 sulfonate Sodium tallowyl/cocoyl 0 0 6.0
6.0 0 0 0 0 monoglyceride sulfonate Sodium laureth sulfate 0 0 0
2.0 0 0 0 0 Cocoyl fatty acid 1.0 5.0 2 0 2.0 1.0 3 0 0 6.0
Sorbitol 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.0 0 Salt 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Moisture 12.0 12.0 12 0 12 0 12.0 12 0 12 0 12.0
Ethylene-diaminetetraacetic 0.05 0 05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
acid Titanium dioxide 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 3 0 3 0.3 0.3 Perfumes 1.0
1.0 1 0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1 0 1.0
[0061] Softness, moisturization, and feel during usage for a
combination soap bar manufactured according to methods of the above
Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 were measured
according to the following test methods Additionally soap softness
was measured by comparing water absorption and soap bar appearance
after water absorption.
TEST 1 WATER ABSORPTION
[0062] After sticking soap of weight (W.sub.1) with a weighed pin
(W.sub.2) and immersing it into a thermo water vat at 25 degrees
centigrade for 4 hours, it was taken out, dried for one hour at a
soap drying device at 20 to 25 degrees centigrade and weighed
(W.sub.3). Consequently, the measured results of water absorption
according to the following Equation 1 were represented in the
following Table 3:
Water absorption
(%)={[(W.sub.2+W.sub.3)-(W.sub.1+W.sub.2)]/W.sub.1}.times- .100.
Equation 1
[0063] The greater the degree of water absorption means the worse
physical properties are, since the capability to contain water
becomes bigger. Additionally, the degree of water absorption of a
general fatty acid based toilet soap bar is normally from 5 to
25%.
TEST 2 APPEARANCE AFTER WATER ABSORPTION
[0064] After immersing a soap bar at 25 degrees centigrade for 4
hours during a water absorption test of the above Test 1, it was
taken out, and the soap's appearance and surface conditions were
evaluated with the following standards.
EVALUATION STANDARD
[0065] O: soap is not swollen and its appearance is clean
[0066] .DELTA.: soap is a little swollen and some protrusions and
depression patterns, etc. are formed on the surface, X: soap is
severely swollen and the water absorbed areas have lost their solid
shape and exhibit flowing.
TEST 3 MOISTURIZING TEST
[0067] After soap manufactured according to Examples 1 to 7 and
Comparative Examples 1 to 11 was diluted with distilled water to
make a 4% aqueous solution, 0.5 ml of this aqueous solution was
taken and rubbed on an 5 cm.times.5 cm area inside a test subject's
arm for one minute, allowed to remain on the arm for 30 seconds,
and then washed with the running water for 10 seconds. The moisture
retaining amount was twice measured 30 minutes after washing (first
time/second time) over a 3 hour interval per day. This data was
compared with the moisture retaining amount before washing by
employing the below Equation 2:
Moisture retaining amount (%)={(retaining amount before
washing-retaining amount after washing)/retaining amount before
washing}.times.100. Equation 2
[0068] The instrument used for this test was a Skicon 200 device
and the test was performed with a thermohydrostat at a temperature
of 25 degrees centigrade and relative humidity of 50%.
TEST 4 USAGE TEST
[0069] Fifteen (15) men and women were selected to respectively use
soap compositions manufactured according to Examples 1 to 7 and
Comparative Examples 1 to 11. The soap compositions were used with
tap water in a general method for using a toilet soap bar, and
marks were given on the basis of the categories of the following
Table 3, and the average values of these marks are represented
below.
3 TABLE 3 Feel During Usage 5 points Smoothness and the touch of
the bar are very good 4 points Smoothness and the touch of the bar
are somewhat good 3 points Smoothness and degree of bubbling are
average 2 points Smoothness and the touch of the bar are somewhat
bad 1 point Smoothness and the touch of the bar are very bad
[0070] The `Feel During Usage` value for an ordinary fatty acid
based toilet bar is over 3.0.
[0071] After measuring water absorption, appearance after
absorption, feel during usage and moisturization (first and second)
with the above methods, the measured results were represented in
the following Tables 4 and 5.
4 TABLE 4 Moistur- Moistur- Water Appearance Feel ization ization
absorption after water During (first) (second) [%] absorption Usage
[%] [%] Example 1 16.2 .largecircle. 4.0 59.3 54.2 Example 2 18.3
.largecircle. 4.3 63.8 59.8 Example 3 20.6 .largecircle. 4.5 71.5
67.3 Comparative 18.5 .largecircle. 3.1 41.2 33.5 Example 1
Comparative 17.3 .largecircle. 3.5 44.5 38.4 Example 2 Comparative
29.5 .DELTA. 3.8 51.3 43.5 Example 3 Comparative 21.4 .largecircle.
4.0 52.5 45.6 Example 4 Comparative 32.3 X 4.1 60.7 54.0 Example 5
Comparative 31.3 X -- -- -- Example 6 Comparative 43.5 X -- -- --
Example 7
[0072]
5 TABLE 5 Water absorption Appearance after Feel During
Moisturization Moisturization [%] water absorption Usage
[%](first)[%] [%](second)[%] Example 4 14.8 .largecircle. 3.6 54.1
49 3 Example 5 23.1 .largecircle. 4.1 74 5 71.6 Example 6 16.3
.largecircle. 3.9 58.3 53 0 Example 7 21.8 .largecircle. 4.0 59.5
54 1 Comparative 17.5 .largecircle. 3.3 47.1 40 7 Example 8
Comparative 29.5 .DELTA. 4.2 75.0 73.1 Example 9 Comparative 34.3 X
-- -- -- Example 10 Comparative 15.2 .largecircle. 3.7 48.5 43.5
Example 11
[0073] It can be seen as represented in the above Table 4 and Table
5 that when monoglyceride sulfonates are used as a supporting
cleansing agent in an ordinary fatty acid based soap within the
range of the present invention or mixed with other surfactants, a
combination soap bar composition of the present invention is
superior to an ordinary fatty acid based soap and/or the same soap
containing moisturizer, etc. in terms of initial moisturization,
moisturization following repeated uses. Additionally, the usage
quality, physical properties, and appearance quality after water
absorption are maintained in a similar manner as does an ordinary
fatty acid based soap.
[0074] It can also be shown that a combination soap bar composition
of the present invention is superior to a soap containing acyl
isethionate or alkyl sulfates, surfactants which are generally used
in a combination soap bar, in terms of physical properties during
water absorption, and is good at moisturization during both initial
and repeated use.
[0075] However, it can be shown that when the amount of
monoglyceride sulfonates used is low, moisturizing effects and
quality improving effects of the feel during usage is reduced while
general physical properties remain good. Additionally, when the
amount of monoglyceride sulfonates used exceeds a certain amount,
physical properties during water absorption and appearance after
water absorption are bad while moisturizing effects remain
superior.
MANUFACTURING OF CHLOROSULFONATE SOLUTION
EXAMPLE 8
[0076] After putting 70 weight parts of purified water into a
reactor and increasing the temperature to 35 degrees centigrade, a
chlorosulfonate solution was manufactured by adding 30 weight parts
of chlorosulfonate.
EXAMPLE 9
[0077] After putting 60 weight parts of purified water into a
reactor and increasing the temperature to 60 degrees centigrade, a
chlorosulfonate solution was manufactured by adding 40 weight parts
of chlorosulfonate.
EXAMPLES 10 to 11
[0078] Chlorosulfonate solutions of Examples 10 to 11 were
manufactured with the same constituents and at the same temperature
as indicated in Table 6 with the same method as described in
Example 8 except that glycerin and potassium hydroxide were put
into the reactor before adding chlorosulfonates.
6 TABLE 61 Manufacturing Formulations (weight parts) temperature
Classification Potassium Degrees Raw materials Purified water
Chlorosulfonate Glycerin hydroxide centigrade (.degree. C.) Example
8 70 30 -- -- 35 Example 9 60 40 -- -- 60 Example 10 60 35 5 -- 70
Example 11 52 45 -- 3 70
MANUFACTURING OF A COMBINATION BAR CONTAINING MONOGLYCERIDE
SULFONATE
EXAMPLE 12
[0079] After mixing beef tallow and coconut fatty acid in a ratio
of 80:20 (w/w) and adding 0.25 weight parts of sodium chloride to a
mixture, 100 weight parts of liquid phase soap at 95 degrees
centigrade was manufactured using a sodium hydroxide aqueous
solution in order to produce a liquid phase soap with 30 weight
parts moisture content. After manufacturing a chlorosulfonate
solution in which 40 weight parts of chlorosulfonate was contained
in purified water at 60 degrees centigrade in a seperate mixer, 100
weight parts of a combination liquid phase soap at 90 degrees
centigrade were manufactured in a continuous mixer by adding in
appropriate amounts to achieve 90 weight parts of liquid phase soap
and 10 weight parts of chlorosulfonate solution. After reacting the
above combination liquid phase soap in a Homo Mixer at 100
revolutions per minute for 180 minutes and then drying it, a
cleansing agent containing 13 weight % of moisture was
manufactured. A combination soap bar was manufactured through
molding, extrusion, and formation processes in ordinary fatty acid
based soap manufacturing equipment by adding 1.2 weight parts
perfumes and 0.3 weight parts titanium dioxide to 100 weight parts
of the above cleansing agent.
EXAMPLES 13 to 15
[0080] A combination bar containing monoglyceride sulfonates was
manufactured in Examples 13 to 15 in the same method as used for
Example 12 except that it was manufactured with the constituents
and conditions as specified in Table 7.
7TABLE 7 Composition or manufacturing Classification conditions
Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Cleansing agent Sodium
tallow oil/coco-oil soap solution 90.0 96.0 92 3 85.0 composition
Chlorosulfonate solution 10.0 4.0 7.7 15.0 (weight parts) Additives
(weight Perfumes 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 2 parts) Titanium dioxide 0.3 0.3
0.3 0.3 Reaction Temperature of a combination liquid 95 92 88 85
conditions phase soap (.degree. C.) Agitating speed (revolutions
per minute) 100 600 1,200 30 Agitating time (minute) 180 120 60 240
Yield Formation ratio per theoretical value (%) 71.5 74.4 82.6 70
1
EXAMPLE 16
[0081] After mixing beef tallow and coconut fatty acid in a ratio
of 60:40 (w/w) and adding 0.10 weight parts of sodium chloride, 100
weight parts of liquid phase soap at 92 degrees centigrade was
manufactured using a sodium hydroxide solution in order to achieve
a liquid phase soap with 33 weight parts moisture content . After
adding 90 weight parts of the above liquid phase soap to a mixer,
100 weight parts of a combination liquid phase soap at 92 degrees
centigrade was manufactured by adding 10.0 weight parts powder
chlorosulfonate to a mixer. After reacting the above combination
liquid phase soap in a mixer at 600 revolutions per minute for
about 60 minutes and then drying it, a cleansing agent containing
moisture content of 13 weight % was manufactured. Combination soap
was manufactured in ordinary fatty acid based soap manufacturing
equipment through molding, extrusion, and formation processes by
adding 1.2 weight parts perfumes and 0.3 weight parts titanium
dioxide to 100 weight parts of the above cleansing agent.
EXAMPLE 17
[0082] Soap was manufactured in the same compositions and
manufacturing conditions as represented in Table 8 and with the
same method as in Example 16.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 12
[0083] After uniformly mixing a composition comprising 77.0 weight
parts of sodium tallowyl/cocoyl soap, 6.0 weight parts of sodium
tallowyl/cocoyl monoglyceride sulfonate, 1.5 weight parts of
tallow/coco fatty acid, 1.0 weight part of sodium chloride, 13.0
weight parts of moisture, 0.3 weight parts of titanium dioxide, and
1.2 weight parts of perfumes with amalgamator in a 3 stage roll
mill, soap was manufactured through the molding, extrusion, and
formation processes of ordinary fatty acid based toilet soap bar
manufacturing equipment.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 13
[0084] Soap was manufactured in the same method as with
Comparative
[0085] Example 12 except that compositions were the same as
represented in Table 8.
8TABLE 8 Compositions or manufacturing Comparative Comparative
Classification conditions Example 16 Example 17 Example 12 Example
13 Cleansing Sodium tallowyl/cocoyl soap solution 90.0 95.0 -- --
agent (25 to 35 weight % of moisture compositions contained)
(weight parts) Chlorosulfonates 10.0 5.0 -- -- Sodium
tallowyl/cocoyl soap -- -- 77.0 72.0 Sodium tallowyl/cocoyl
monoglyceride -- -- 6.0 10.0 sulfonates Tallow/coco fatty acid --
-- 1.5 2.0 Additives Perfumes 1.2 1.2 1.2 1 2 (weight parts)
Titanium dioxide 0.3 0.3 0.3 0 3 Sodium chloride -- -- 1.0 1.5
Moisture -- -- 13.0 13.0 Agitating Temperature of a combination
liquid 92 94 -- -- conditions phase soap (.degree. C.) Agitating
speed 600 50 -- -- Agitating time 60 120 -- -- Yield Formation
amount per theoretical value 78.5 74.5 -- -- (%)
TEST 5 WATER ABSORPTION TEST
[0086] After sticking a combination soap bar of a particular weight
(W.sub.1) containing monoglyceride sulfonate manufactured in the
above Examples 12 to 17 and Comparative Examples 12 to 13 with a
weighed pin (W.sub.2) and immersing it into a thermo water vat at
25 degrees centigrade for 4 hours, it was taken out, dried for one
hour in a soap drying device at 20 to 25 degrees centigrade and
then weighed (W.sub.3). Consequently, the measured results of water
absorption were reduced according to the following Equation 3 and
were represented in the following Table 9:
Water absorption
(%)={[(W.sub.2+W.sub.3)-(W.sub.1+W.sub.2)]/W.sub.1}.times- .100.
Equation 3
[0087] The greater the degree of water absorption means the worse
physical properties are, since the capability to contain water
becomes bigger. Additionally the degree of water absorption of a
general fatty acid based toilet bar is normally from 5 to 25%.
TEST 6 APPEARANCE AFTER WATER ABSORPTION
[0088] After immersing soap samples of Examples 12 to 17 and
Comparative Examples 12 to 13 at 25 degrees centigrade for 4 hours
during a water absorption test of the above Test 5, it was taken
out, and the soap's appearance and surface conditions were
evaluated using the following standards.
EVALUATION STANDARD
[0089] good: soap is not swollen and its appearance is clean
[0090] fair: soap is a little swollen and some protrusions, and
depression patterns, etc. are formed on the surface,
[0091] bad: soap is severely swollen out and the absorbed areas
have lost their solid shape and exhibit flowing.
TEST 7 MOISTURIZATION TEST
[0092] After soap samples manufactured according to Examples 12 to
17 and Comparative Examples 12 to 13 were diluted with distilled
water to make 4% aqueous solution, 0.5 ml of this aqueous solution
was taken and rubbed on a 5 cm.times.5 cm area inside an arm of a
test subject for one minute, allowed to remain on the arm for 30
seconds, and then washed with the running water for 10 seconds. The
moisture retaining amount was measured on for each soap sample 30
minutes after washing and these measurements were reduced according
to the below Equation 4, with the results represented in Table
9:
Moisture retaining amount (%)=[(retaining amount before
washing-retaining amount after washing)/retaining amount before
washing].times.100. Equations 4
[0093] The instrument used in the present test was a Skicon 200
device and the test was performed with a thermohydrostat at a
temperature of 25 degrees centigrade and relative humidity of 50%.
The moisture retaining value of an ordinary fatty acid based soap
is generally between 45 to 55.
9TABLE 9 Degree of water Appearance during Moisturization
Classification absorption (%) inspection (%) Example 12 15.2 Good
65.1 Example 13 18.0 Good 55.1 Example 14 20.5 Good 60.5 Example 15
16.5 Good 68.6 Example 16 20.2 Good 70.5 Example 17 17.6 Good 64.1
Comparative 18.5 Good 60.5 Example 12 Comparative 16.5 Good 68.6
Example 13
[0094] As shown in the above Table 9, soaps of Examples 12 to 17
have 15.2 to 20.5% of water absorption which is similar to 16.5 to
18.5% of Comparative Examples 12 to 13, good appearance inspection
results when compared with Comparative Examples 12 to 13, and 55.1
to 70.5% moisturization, which is similar to the 60.5 to 68.6%
moisturization of Comparative Examples 12 to 13. Particularly, the
moisturization of Example 16 was very good as it had a value of
70.5%. Therefore, the above results represent that the quality of
soaps manufactured according to Examples 12 to 17 have similar
levels of quality as do the soaps manufactured according to
Comparative Examples 12 to 13.
[0095] On the other hand, soaps containing monoglyceride sulfonates
of the above Examples 12 to 17 and Comparative Examples 12 to 13
have superior moisturization values when compared to the 45 to 55%
values of ordinary fatty acid based soaps represented in Table
9.
[0096] As described above, a combination bar composition of the
present invention has good general physical properties such as soap
softness, etc. and very good moisturization properties and feel
during usage even following repeated uses.
[0097] As reviewed above, a manufacturing method of soaps
containing monoglyceride sulfonates of the present invention is
simple and economical, and a soap containing monoglyceride
sulfonates produced by the present invention is equal to or higher
in quality when compared to a soap which is manufactured in multi
stage method, i.e., a method where monoglyceride sulfonates are
first manufactured and mixed with a liquid phase soap solution
prior to manufacturing a final soap.
[0098] While the present invention has been described in detail
with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the
art will appreciate that various modifications and substitutions
can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of
the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.
* * * * *