U.S. patent application number 09/887683 was filed with the patent office on 2002-07-18 for exercise methods and apparatus.
Invention is credited to Krull, Mark A., Maresh, Joseph D..
Application Number | 20020094914 09/887683 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 34198809 |
Filed Date | 2002-07-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020094914 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Maresh, Joseph D. ; et
al. |
July 18, 2002 |
Exercise methods and apparatus
Abstract
An exercise apparatus has a crank and a degree of freedom
disposed between a force receiving member and a frame.
Inventors: |
Maresh, Joseph D.; (West
Linn, OR) ; Krull, Mark A.; (Bend, OR) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MARK A. KRULL
P.O. BOX 57
GREENCASTLE
IN
46135
US
|
Family ID: |
34198809 |
Appl. No.: |
09/887683 |
Filed: |
March 27, 2001 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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09887683 |
Mar 27, 2001 |
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09054643 |
Apr 3, 1998 |
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6206804 |
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09054643 |
Apr 3, 1998 |
|
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08503931 |
Jul 19, 1995 |
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5735774 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
482/51 ;
482/52 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B 2022/0038 20130101;
A63B 21/068 20130101; A63B 22/0664 20130101; A63B 2208/0238
20130101; A63B 2022/067 20130101; A63B 21/015 20130101; A63B 22/001
20130101; A63B 2208/0233 20130101; A63B 21/02 20130101; A63B
22/0605 20130101; A63B 22/0017 20151001; A63B 2022/0617 20130101;
A63B 2208/0204 20130101; A63B 22/0015 20130101; A63B 21/05
20130101; A63B 2022/0647 20130101; A63B 21/225 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
482/51 ;
482/52 |
International
Class: |
A63B 022/04; A63B
071/00; A63B 022/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a frame designed to rest upon
a floor surface; a seat mounted on the frame; a support movably
mounted on the frame; at least one pedal crank rotatably mounted on
the support; and a resisting means for resisting movement of the
support away from the seat.
2. An exercise apparatus, comprising: a frame designed to rest upon
a floor surface; a seat mounted on the frame; left and right pedal
cranks rotatably mounted on the frame; a resisting means for
resisting rotation of the pedal cranks; and a sensing means for
sensing compressive force between the pedal cranks and the seat,
wherein the sensing means and the resisting means are connected in
such a manner that relative greater compressive force results in
relatively less resistance to rotation of the pedal cranks.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent
application Ser. No. 09/054,643, filed on Apr. 3, 1998 (now U.S.
Pat. No. 6,206,804), which in turn, is a continuation-in-part of
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/503,931, filed on Jul. 19, 1995
(now U.S. Pat. No. 5,735,774).
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to exercise methods and
apparatus and more particularly, to exercise equipment which
facilitates exercise through a curved path of motion.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Exercise equipment has been designed to facilitate a variety
of exercise motions. For example, treadmills allow a person to walk
or run in place; stepper machines allow a person to climb in place;
bicycle machines allow a person to pedal in place; and other
machines allow a person to skate and/or stride in place. Yet
another type of exercise equipment has been designed to facilitate
relatively more complicated exercise motions and/or to better
simulate real life activity. Such equipment typically uses some
sort of linkage assembly to convert a relatively simple motion,
such as circular, into a relatively more complex motion, such as
elliptical.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In one respect, the present invention may be seen to provide
a novel linkage assembly and corresponding exercise apparatus
suitable for encouraging generally elliptical exercise motion. The
linkage assembly allows foot supports to travel along elliptical
paths which may be altered by adjustable components at the
operator's discretion.
[0005] In a preferred embodiment, a rocker link and a crank are
interconnected in series between a frame and each foot support.
More specifically, the rocker link is rotatably interconnected
between the frame and the crank; and the crank is rotatably
interconnected between the rocker link and the foot support.
Rotation of the cranks causes the foot supports to move back and
forth in cyclical fashion, and the pivotal nature of the rocker
links allows the foot supports to be moved a discretionary distance
in a second, perpendicular direction. Many advantages and
improvements of the present invention may become apparent from the
more detailed description that follows.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0006] With reference to the Figures of the Drawing, wherein like
numerals represent like parts and assemblies throughout the several
views,
[0007] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0008] FIG. 2 is a side view of the exercise apparatus of FIG.
1;
[0009] FIG. 3 is a top view of the exercise apparatus of FIG.
1;
[0010] FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the exercise
apparatus of FIG. 1;
[0011] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a second exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0012] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a third exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0013] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a fourth exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention;
[0014] FIG. 8 is a side view of the exercise apparatus of FIG.
7;
[0015] FIG. 9 is a top view of the exercise apparatus of FIG.
7;
[0016] FIG. 10 is a side view of a fifth exercise apparatus
constructed according to the principles of the present
invention
[0017] FIG. 11 is an enlarged side view of a rearward end of the
exercise apparatus of FIG. 10;
[0018] FIG. 12 is a side view of a sixth embodiment of the present
invention;
[0019] FIG. 13 is a side view of a seventh embodiment of the
present invention; and
[0020] FIG. 14 is a side view of an eighth embodiment of the
present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DEPICTED EMBODIMENT
[0021] A first exercise apparatus constructed according to
principles of the present invention is designated as 100 in FIGS.
1-4. The apparatus will be described with reference to a seated
user, although it may be modified for use by a standing user, as
well. The majority of the exercise apparatus frame is not shown,
but bearing assemblies designated as 106 in FIG. 1 are a suitable
point of reference for describing the apparatus 100 relative to a
frame.
[0022] The frame may be configured to support a user in a seated
position generally above a flywheel 105 which is rotatably mounted
to the frame by means of the bearing assemblies 106 and a flywheel
shaft 136. The seated user may then position his feet on respective
platforms 126 and 116. In this application, the foot platforms 126
and 116 are movable through elliptical paths of motion 123 and 121,
respectively having major axes extending generally parallel to the
user's lower legs and generally perpendicular to the user's upper
legs.
[0023] Each foot platform 126 and 116 is rotatably connected to a
respective crank 125 or 120 be means of a respective pedal axle 127
or 117. The cranks 125 and 120 are shown as solid disks, but simple
crank arms could be used instead. Crank drive members 124 and 119
are connected to respective cranks 125 and 120 by means of crank
shafts 122 and 118. In particular, both the crank drive member 124
and the crank 125 are keyed to the shaft 122, and both the crank
drive member 119 and the crank 120 are keyed to the shaft 118. The
crank drive members 124 and 119 are depicted as roller chain
sprockets, but other arrangements, including V-belt pulleys, may be
used without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0024] Support members or beams 102 and 114 have first, reinforced
ends 108 which are pivotally mounted to the frame by means of the
flywheel shaft. The right crank shaft 122 is rotatably mounted on
the first support member or beam 102, proximate an opposite, distal
end thereof. The first beam 102 occupies the upwardly disposed
position shown in FIG. 1 in the absence of force or torque applied
against the right foot pedal 126. The left crank shaft 118 is
rotatably mounted on a second support member or beam 114, proximate
a distal end thereof. The beams 114 and 102 are pivotal to
positions where the crank shafts 122 and 118 are axially aligned
with one another.
[0025] Relatively smaller sprockets 154 and 159 are keyed to the
flywheel shaft between respective beams 114 and 102 and opposite
sides of the flywheel 105. The sprockets 154 and 159 are connected
to respective crank drive members 124 and 119 by means of
respective chains 103 and 115. The chains 103 and 115 link rotation
of the cranks 125 and 120 to "stepped up" rotation of the flywheel
105 and cause synchronous rotation of the cranks 125 and 120.
[0026] First and second helical coil springs 109 and 111 are
maintained in compression between the frame and respective beams
102 and 114. Also, first and second dampers 110 and 112 are
disposed between the frame and respective beams 102 and 114 to
dampen movement of the latter relative to the former. The springs
109 and 111 and the dampers 110 and 112 act upon a central portion
of a respective beam 102 or 114. Those skilled in the art will
recognize that a single resistance device could be applied to both
beams 102 and 114 by means of a pivoting yoke, for example. Such a
yoke may be used with a mechanical spring or with a constant force,
pressure actuated rod and cylinder supplied with fluid
pressure.
[0027] A second exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 200 in FIG. 5.
First and second beams or slider links 202 and 214 are connected to
frame members 206 and move linearly relative thereto. First and
second cranks 225 and 220 are connected to distal ends of
respective links 202 and 214 and rotate relative thereto. Springs
209 and 211 are disposed on respective links 202 and 214 and serve
to bias the cranks 225 and 220 away from the frame members 206
and/or resist movement of the cranks 225 and 220 toward the frame
members 206.
[0028] Foot platforms or pedals 226 and 216 are connected to
respective cranks 225 and 220 and rotate relative thereto, thereby
defining pedal axes which are radially displaced from the
respective crank axes. As with the previous embodiment 100, maximum
displacement of the pedals 226 and 216 in a first direction,
perpendicular to the links 202 and 214, is determined by the
diameter of the cranks 225 and 220, and maximum displacement of the
pedals 226 and 216 in a second direction, parallel to the links 202
and 214, is determined by the amount of force a user exerts against
the springs 209 and 211. One pair of any number of possible
elliptical foot paths is designated as 223 and 221 in FIG. 5.
Contrary to the previous embodiment 100, the cranks 225 and 220 are
not synchronized.
[0029] A third exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 300 in FIG. 6.
This third embodiment 300 is similar in several respects to the
first embodiment 100. First and second beams or rocker links 302
and 314 are connected to frame members 306 and pivot relative
thereto. First and second cranks (one of which is designated as
320) are connected to distal ends of respective links 302 and 314
and rotate relative thereto. First and second foot platforms or
pedals 326 and 316 are connected to respective cranks and rotate
relative thereto, thereby defining pedal axes which are radially
displaced from the respective crank axes.
[0030] First and second crank drive members or large diameter
sprockets (one of which is designated as 324) are keyed to
respective crank shafts. First and second discs 376 and 370 serve
as shield between respective sprockets and pedals 326 and 316 to
reduce the likelihood of interference between the operator and the
exercise apparatus 300.
[0031] Relatively smaller sprockets (one of which is designated as
354) are keyed to a motor shaft and connected to respective crank
drive members by means of respective timing belts 303 and 315. The
motor shaft protrudes from a motor 380 which is secured to the
frame by means of a mounting assembly 386. The motor shaft is also
supported by bearing assemblies 306 on the frame, which are
disposed on opposite sides of the beams 302 and 314. A freewheel
clutch or slip clutch may be added to this arrangement, as
desired.
[0032] The timing belts 303 and 315 link rotation of the motor
shaft to rotation of the cranks and ensure synchronous rotation of
the cranks. In FIG. 6, the first crank is forty-five degrees into a
cycle, and the second crank 320 is two hundred and twenty-five
degrees into a cycle.
[0033] Air springs 390 and 391 are disposed between the frame and
respective links 302 and 314 and may be described as a means for
resisting downward pivoting of the links 302 and 314 relative to
the frame members 306. Hoses 392 and 393 supply constant air
pressure to the cylinder ends of respective springs 390 and 391.
Distal rod ends 394 and 395 of respective springs 390 and 391 are
rotatably connected to trunnions 396 and 397 on respective beams
302 and 314.
[0034] A fourth exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 400 in FIGS.
7-9. The apparatus 400 generally includes a frame 410 and a linkage
assembly movably mounted on the frame 410. Generally speaking, the
linkage assembly encourages a force receiving member 440 to travel
through an elliptical path of motion without constraining the force
receiving member 440 to move through any particular path of motion.
The term "elliptical motion" is used in a broad sense to describe a
closed path of motion having a relatively longer first axis and a
relatively shorter second axis (extending perpendicular to the
first axis).
[0035] The frame 410 includes a generally I-shaped base 414
designed to rest upon a floor surface; a forward stanchion 416,
which extends upward from the base 414 proximate a forward end 411
of the frame 410; and a rearward stanchion 418, which extends
upward from the base 414 proximate an opposite, rearward end 412 of
the frame 410. The apparatus 400 is generally symmetrical about a
vertical plane extending lengthwise through the base 414
(perpendicular to the transverse members at each end thereof), the
only exceptions being a flywheel 459 and the relative orientation
of certain parts of the linkage assembly on opposite sides of the
plane of symmetry. Those skilled in the art will also recognize
that the portions of the frame 410 which are intersected by the
plane of symmetry exist individually and thus, do not have any
"opposite side" counterparts. Moreover, although reference is made
to forward or rearward portions of the apparatus 400, a person
could exercise while facing toward either the front or the rear of
the frame 410.
[0036] On each side of the apparatus 400, the linkage assembly
generally includes a forward rocker link 430, a force receiving
link 440, a crank 450, and a rear rocker link 460. On the
embodiment 400, the crank 450 on the left side of the apparatus 400
is 180 degrees out of phase with the crank 450 on the right side of
the apparatus 400, and the links on the left side move and/or
rotate in opposite directions relative their right side
counterparts. However, like reference numerals are used to
designate both the "right-hand" and "left-hand" parts on the
apparatus 400, and in general, when reference is made to one or
more parts on only one side of the apparatus, it is to be
understood that corresponding part(s) are disposed on the opposite
side of the apparatus 400.
[0037] On each side of the apparatus 400, an upper end of a rear
rocker link 460 is rotatably mounted on the rear stanchion 418 via
a common shaft. In particular, bearings are disposed between the
rear rocker links 460 and the shaft to allow the former to freely
rotate relative to the latter. Bearings are also disposed between
the shaft and the rear stanchion 418 to allow the former to freely
rotate relative to the latter. A sprocket 458 is keyed to each of
the protruding ends of the shaft, on opposite sides of the
stanchion 418 and the rear rocker links 460. A flywheel 459 is also
keyed to the shaft to rotate together with the shaft and the
sprockets 458. A conventional drag strap or other known resistance
device may be connected to the flywheel 459 to provide resistance
to rotation.
[0038] On each side of the apparatus 400, a crank 450 is rotatably
mounted on a lower end of a respective rear rocker link 460. Each
crank 450 has gear teeth disposed about its circumference and is
connected to a respective sprocket 458 by means of a chain 455. The
cranks 450 are significantly larger in diameter than the sprockets
458 and cooperate therewith to provide a stepped up flywheel
arrangement. The common shaft extending between the sprockets 458
links rotation of the left crank 450 to rotation of the right crank
450.
[0039] On each side of the apparatus 400, a force receiving link
440 has a rear end rotatably connected to a respective crank 450 at
a location radially displaced from the crank axis (defined between
the crank 450 and the rear rocker link 460). A forward end of each
force receiving link 440 is constrained to move in reciprocal
fashion relative to the frame 410. An intermediate portion 444 of
each force receiving link 440 is sized and configured to support a
person's foot.
[0040] Each crank 450 cooperates with a respective rear rocker link
460 to define a crank and rocker combination that is connected in
series between the frame 410 and a respective force receiving
member 440. This portion of the linage assembly may also be
described in terms of a first member (rear rocker link 460) that is
mounted on the frame 410 and rotatable thereto about a first axis;
a second member (crank 450) that is mounted on the first member and
rotatable thereto about a second axis spaced radially apart from
the first axis; and a force receiving member 440 that is mounted on
the second member and rotatable thereto about a third axis spaced
radially apart from the other axes.
[0041] On each side of the apparatus 400, the forward end of a
force receiving member 440 is rotatably mounted on a lower end of a
respective forward rocker link 430. An intermediate portion of each
forward rocker link 430 is rotatably mounted to the forward
stanchion 416. An upper end 433 of each forward rocker link 430 is
sized and configured for grasping by a person standing on the foot
supporting links 440.
[0042] The forward rocker links 430 are interconnected to move in
dependent fashion in opposite directions relative to one another.
In particular, a connector link 420 is mounted on the forward
stanchion 416 and rotatable relative thereto about a vertical axis.
A second, relatively lower intermediate portion of each forward
rocker link 430 is connected to the connector link 420 by means of
a universal link 423, which defines ball joints with both the
connector link 420 and the forward rocker link 430.
[0043] A fifth exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 500 in FIG.
10. The apparatus 500 generally includes a frame 510 and a linkage
assembly movably mounted on the frame 510. Generally speaking, the
linkage assembly encourages a force receiving member 540 to travel
through an elliptical path of motion having a variable length.
[0044] The frame 510 includes a generally I-shaped base 514
designed to rest upon a floor surface; a forward stanchion 516,
which extends upward from the base 514 proximate a forward end 511
of the frame 510; and a rearward stanchion 518, which extends
upward from the base 514 proximate an opposite, rearward end 512 of
the frame 510. The apparatus 500 is generally symmetrical about a
vertical plane extending lengthwise through the base 514
(perpendicular to the transverse members at each end thereof), the
only exceptions being certain parts which have no opposite side
counterparts and the relative orientation of linkage assembly
components on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry.
[0045] On each side of the apparatus 500, the linkage assembly
generally includes a forward rocker link 530, a force receiving
link 540, a crank 550, and a rear rocker link 560. On the
embodiment 500, the crank 550 on the left side of the apparatus 500
is 180 degrees out of phase with the crank 550 on the right side of
the apparatus 500, and the links on the left side move and/or
rotate in opposite directions relative their right side
counterparts. However, like reference numerals are used to
designate both the "right-hand" and "left-hand" parts on the
apparatus 500, and in general, when reference is made to one or
more parts on only one side of the apparatus, it is to be
understood that corresponding part(s) are disposed on the opposite
side of the apparatus 500.
[0046] On each side of the apparatus 500, an upper end of a rear
rocker link 560 is rotatably mounted on the rear stanchion 518 via
a common shaft. In particular, bearings are disposed between the
rear rocker links 560 and the shaft to allow the former to freely
rotate relative to the latter. Bearings are also disposed between
the shaft and the rear stanchion 518 to allow the former to freely
rotate relative to the latter. A sprocket 558 is keyed to each of
the protruding ends of the shaft, on opposite sides of the
stanchion 518 and the rear rocker links 560. A third sprocket 558
is keyed to an intermediate portion of the shaft, between the rear
rocker links 560. A flywheel 559 is also keyed to the shaft to
rotate together with the shaft and the sprockets 558. A
conventional drag strap or other known resistance device may be
connected to the flywheel 559 to provide resistance.
[0047] With reference to FIG. 11, a guide is interconnected between
the rear stanchion 518 and each of the rear rocker links 560. In
particular, the guide is mounted on a frame member 517 which slides
along a vertical slot 519 in the stanchion 518. A linear actuator
577 is interconnected between the frame member 517 and the
stanchion 518 and is operable to maintain the former in any of
several fixed positions relative to the latter. The linear actuator
577 is connected to a controller and/or user interface 590 mounted
on the front stanchion 516. Those skilled in the art will recognize
that the linear actuator could be replaced by other suitable
mechanisms, including a manually operated lead screw, for
example.
[0048] The guide includes crank arms 570 which are 180 degrees out
of phase, rotatably mounted to the frame member 517, and engaged
with respective rear rocker arms 560. A post on each crank arm 570
passes through a slot 567 extending along an intermediate portion
of a respective rear rocker link 560. As a result of this
arrangement, rotation of the crank arms 570 is linked to pivoting
of the rear rocker links 560. When the guide is moved upward along
the rear stanchion 518, the rear rocker links 560 pivot through a
relatively greater range of motion, and when the guide is moved
downward, the rear rocker links 560 pivot through a relatively
smaller range of motion.
[0049] A sprocket 578 is keyed to the same shaft as the crank arms
570 and rotates together therewith. The sprocket 578 is linked to
the intermediate sprocket 558 on the flywheel shaft by means of a
belt or chain 588 which is also routed about an idler in a
tensioning assembly 580. The idler is movable in a horizontal
direction along a frame member which is rigidly secured to the rear
stanchion 518. A helical coil spring biases the idler rearward to
maintain tension in the chain 588 regardless of the distance
between the guide 570 and the flywheel axis.
[0050] On each side of the apparatus 500, a crank 550 is rotatably
mounted on a lower end of a respective rear rocker link 560. A
separate sprocket 556 is keyed to each crank 550 and connected to a
respective sprocket 558 by means of a belt or chain 568. The common
shaft extending between the sprockets 558 links rotation of the
left crank 550 to rotation of the right crank 550.
[0051] On each side of the apparatus 500, a force receiving link
540 has a rear end rotatably connected to a respective crank 550 at
a location radially displaced from the crank axis (defined between
the crank 550 and the rear rocker link 560). A forward end of each
force receiving link 540 is constrained to move in reciprocal
fashion relative to the frame 510. An intermediate portion 544 of
each force receiving link 540 is sized and configured to support a
person's foot.
[0052] Each crank 550 cooperates with a respective rear rocker link
560 to define a crank and rocker combination which is connected, in
series, between the frame 510 and a respective force receiving
member 540. This portion of the linage assembly may also be
described in terms of a first member (rear rocker link 560) which
is mounted on the frame 510 and rotatable thereto about a first
axis; a second member (crank 550) which is mounted on the first
member and rotatable thereto about a second axis spaced radially
apart from the first axis; and a force receiving member 540 which
is mounted on the second member and rotatable thereto about a third
axis spaced radially apart from the second axis (and the first
axis).
[0053] On each side of the apparatus 500, the forward end of a
force receiving member 540 is rotatably mounted on a lower end of a
respective forward rocker link 530. An intermediate portion of each
forward rocker link 530 is rotatably mounted to the forward
stanchion 516. An upper end 533 of each forward rocker link 530 is
sized and configured for grasping by a person standing on the foot
supporting links 540. Those skilled in the art will recognize that
the pivot axis of the forward rocker links 530 may be made
adjustable along the length of the forward stanchion 516 in order
to facilitate inclination adjustment to the paths of motion
traversed by the foot supporting members 544.
[0054] A sixth exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 600 in FIG.
12. The apparatus 600 generally includes a frame 610 and a linkage
assembly movably mounted on the frame 610. Generally speaking, the
linkage assembly encourages a force receiving member 640 to travel
through an elliptical path of motion having a selectively variable
length.
[0055] The frame 610 includes a generally I-shaped base 614
designed to rest upon a floor surface; a forward stanchion 616,
which extends upward from the base 614 proximate a forward end 611
of the frame 610; and a rearward stanchion 618, which extends
upward from the base 614 proximate an opposite, rearward end 612 of
the frame 610. The apparatus 600 is generally symmetrical about a
vertical plane extending lengthwise through the base 614
(perpendicular to the transverse members at each end thereof), the
only exceptions being the relative orientation of linkage assembly
components on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry.
[0056] On each side of the apparatus 600, the linkage assembly
generally includes a forward rocker link 630, a force receiving
link 640, a rear rocker link 650, and a crank 660. On the
embodiment 600, the crank 660 on the left side of the apparatus 600
is 180 degrees out of phase with the crank 660 on the right side of
the apparatus 600, and the links on the left side move and/or
rotate in opposite directions relative their right side
counterparts. However, like reference numerals are used to
designate both the "right-hand" and "left-hand" parts on the
apparatus 600, and in general, when reference is made to one or
more parts on only one side of the apparatus, it is to be
understood that corresponding part(s) are disposed on the opposite
side of the apparatus 600.
[0057] On each side of the apparatus 600, a crank 660 is keyed to a
common shaft rotatably mounted on the rear stanchion 618 by means
known in the art. In this embodiment 600, the cranks 660 are
flywheels with radially displaced pins secured thereto. A
conventional drag strap or other known resistance device may be
connected to one or both of the flywheels 660 to resist rotation. A
separate rocker link 650 is rotatably connected to each crank 660
and may be biased (by means not shown) to occupy a particular
position and/or resist movement in a particular direction.
[0058] On each side of the apparatus 600, a force receiving link
640 has a rear end rotatably connected to a respective rocker link
650 at a location radially displaced from the rocker axis (defined
between the crank 660 and the rear rocker link 650). A forward end
of each force receiving link 640 is constrained to move in
reciprocal fashion relative to the frame 610. An intermediate
portion 644 of each force receiving link 640 is sized and
configured to support a person's foot.
[0059] Each rocker link 650 cooperates with a respective crank 660
to define a crank and rocker combination which is connected, in
series, between the frame 610 and a respective force receiving
member 640. This portion of the linage assembly may also be
described in terms of a first member (crank 660) which is mounted
on the frame 610 and rotatable thereto about a first axis; a second
member (rocker link 650) which is mounted on the first member and
rotatable thereto about a second axis spaced radially apart from
the first axis; and a force receiving member 640 which is mounted
on the second member and rotatable thereto about a third axis
spaced radially apart from the second axis (and the first
axis).
[0060] On each side of the apparatus 600, the forward end of a
force receiving member 640 is rotatably mounted on a lower end of a
respective forward rocker link 630. An intermediate portion of each
forward rocker link 630 is rotatably mounted to the forward
stanchion 616. An upper end 633 of each forward rocker link 630 is
sized and configured for grasping by a person standing on the foot
supporting links 640.
[0061] The forward rocker links 630 are interconnected to move in
dependent fashion in opposite directions relative to one another.
In particular, a connector link 620 is mounted on the forward
stanchion 416 and rotatable relative thereto about a horizontal
axis. A second, relatively lower intermediate portion of each
forward rocker link 630 is connected to the connector link 620 by
means of an intermediate link 623, which is movably fastened to
both the connector link 620 and a respective forward rocker link
630.
[0062] A seventh exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 700 in FIG.
13. The apparatus 700 generally includes a frame 710 and a linkage
assembly movably mounted on the frame 710. Generally speaking, the
linkage assembly encourages a force receiving member 740 to travel
through an elliptical path of motion having a selectively variable
length.
[0063] The frame 710 includes a generally I-shaped base 714
designed to rest upon a floor surface; a forward stanchion 716,
which extends upward from the base 714 proximate a forward end 711
of the frame 710; and a rearward stanchion 718, which extends
upward from the base 714 proximate an opposite, rearward end 712 of
the frame 710. The apparatus 700 is generally symmetrical about a
vertical plane extending lengthwise through the base 714
(perpendicular to the transverse members at each end thereof), the
only exceptions being the relative orientation of linkage assembly
components on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry.
[0064] On each side of the apparatus 700, the linkage assembly
generally includes a forward rocker link 730, a force receiving
link 740, a crank 760, and a roller 750 interconnected between the
force receiving link 740 and the crank 760. On the embodiment 700,
the crank 760 on the left side of the apparatus 700 is 180 degrees
out of phase with the crank 760 on the right side of the apparatus
700, and the links on the left side move and/or rotate in opposite
directions relative their right side counterparts. However, like
reference numerals are used to designate both the "right-hand" and
"left-hand" parts on the apparatus 700, and in general, when
reference is made to one or more parts on only one side of the
apparatus, it is to be understood that corresponding part(s) are
disposed on the opposite side of the apparatus 700.
[0065] On each side of the apparatus 700, a crank 760 is keyed to a
common shaft that is rotatably mounted on the rear stanchion 718 by
means known in the art. On this embodiment 700, the cranks 760 are
flywheels with radially displaced pins secured thereto. A
conventional drag strap or other known resistance device may be
connected the flywheel(s) 760 to provide resistance to rotation. A
separate roller 750 is rotatably connected to each crank 760 and
projects axially away from the crank 760.
[0066] On each side of the apparatus 700, a force receiving link
740 has a rear end supported by a respective roller 750. In
particular, the roller 750 projects into an elongate slot 745
formed in the force receiving link 740. A damper 755 is
interconnected between the roller 750 and an intermediate portion
of the force receiving member 740 to dampen relative movement
therebetween. In the embodiment 700, the damper 755 operates in
only one direction, to resist rearward movement of the force
receiving member 740. A separate foot supporting platform 744 is
also connected to the intermediate portion of each force receiving
member 740. A forward end of each force receiving link 740 is
constrained to move in reciprocal fashion relative to the frame
710.
[0067] Each roller 750 cooperates with a respective crank 760 to
introduce rotational movement and a degree of freedom, in series,
between the frame 710 and a respective force receiving member 740.
This portion of the linage assembly may also be described in terms
of means for determining displacement of the force receiving
members in a first direction (and in cyclical fashion), and means
for allowing the user to determine displacement of the force
receiving members in a second, perpendicular direction.
[0068] On each side of the apparatus 700, the forward end of a
force receiving member 740 is rotatably mounted on a lower end of a
respective forward rocker link 730. An intermediate portion of each
forward rocker link 730 is rotatably mounted to the forward
stanchion 716. An upper end 733 of each forward rocker link 730 is
sized and configured for grasping by a person standing on the foot
supporting links 740. Like on certain previous embodiments, the
forward rocker links 730 are preferably interconnected to move in
dependent fashion in opposite directions relative to one
another.
[0069] An eighth exercise apparatus constructed according to the
principles of the present invention is designated as 800 in FIG.
14. The apparatus 800 generally includes a frame and a bicycle
crank assembly that is movably mounted on the frame and biased to
resist movement away from a seat on the frame.
[0070] The frame includes a first, rearward base member 810 and a
second, forward base member 814 that are adjustably connected to
one another by a pin and hole arrangement (see 813) of a type
already known in the art. A vertical post 812 is adjustably mounted
on the base member 810 by means of another pin and hole arrangement
(see 811) of a type already known in the art. A chair 820, having
both a seat and a back support, is mounted on top of the post
812.
[0071] A tubular member 816 is slidably mounted on an upper
horizontal portion of the base member 814. Low friction materials
and/or bearing assemblies may be used to enhance the "slideability"
of the tubular member 816 relative to the base member 814. Left and
right foot pedal cranks 830 are rotatably mounted on a forward end
of the tubular member 816. The foot pedal cranks 830 are mounted on
opposite sides of the tubular member 816, and are diametrically
opposite one another.
[0072] A force responsive member 860 is interconnected between the
forward end of the tubular member 816 and the rearward end of the
base member 814. The force responsive member 860 is configured to
fit inside both the tubular member 816 and the base member 814
(which is also tubular). The force responsive member 860 is
preferably a combination spring and dampening piston of the type
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,072,928 to Stearns, which is
incorporated herein by reference. On alternative embodiments, the
force responsive member 860 may be a helical coil spring, a
pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder. In any event, the
adjustable length member 860 is operable to resist forward movement
of the pedal cranks 830, and/or to urge the pedal cranks 830
rearward.
[0073] The pedal cranks 830 are connected to a flywheel 840. A
resistance device 850 is preferably connected to the flywheel 840.
On the depicted embodiment 800, a drag strap 854 is disposed about
a circumferential groove in the flywheel 840, and maintained in
tension by the resistance device 850. Other known resistance
devices may be used in place of or together with the drag strap
854.
[0074] A user interface device 880 is preferable mounted on the
apparatus 800. On the depicted embodiment 800, the interface device
880 is mounted on an L-shaped beam 818 that is secured to the
tubular member 816. The interface device 880 may be configured to
(1) monitor rotational velocity of the pedal cranks 830 and/or
force exerted against the adjustable length member 860; and/or (b)
facilitate remote and/or automatic adjustments to the resistance
device 850 and/or the adjustable length member 860. For example,
the interface 880 may cause the resistance device 850 to loosen the
drag strap 854 in response to sensing sufficient user force exerted
against the adjustable length member 860.
[0075] On an alternative embodiment, the force responsive member
860 may simply be a sensor, such as a strain gauge, and associated
structure interconnected between the tubular member 816 and the
base member 814. On this alternative embodiment, the tubular member
816 could remain stationary, and force measurements would be used
to adjust resistance to cycling and/or to provide information to
the user regarding the relative amounts of work being performed by
cycling and leg pressing.
[0076] Among other things, the present invention may be seen to
facilitate a combination of aerobic (cycling) and strength training
(leg press) exercises. The amount of effort dedicated to each type
of exercise may be determined by the user and/or a control program
in the interface device 880. Moreover, the relative amounts of
aerobic exercise and strength exercise may be varied without
interrupting exercise activity.
[0077] Those skilled in the art will recognize additional
embodiments, modifications, and/or applications which differ from
those described herein yet nonetheless fall within the scope of the
present invention. For example, force receiving members similar to
those on the apparatus 700 could be rotatably connected directly to
cranks, which in turn, could be slidably mounted on a frame.
Dampers and/or springs may be interconnected between the crank
shaft and the frame to control and/or limit movement of the former
relative to the latter. Moreover, a variety of linear or rotary
dampers, actuators, servo motors, clutches, and/or other known
devices may be incorporated into one or more of the disclosed
embodiments to alter the "feel" of the apparatus. Furthermore, the
size, configuration, and/or arrangement of the components of the
disclosed embodiments may be modified as a matter of design choice.
Recognizing that the foregoing description sets forth only some of
the numerous possible modifications and variations, the scope of
the present invention is to be limited only to the extent of the
claims which follow.
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