U.S. patent application number 09/796561 was filed with the patent office on 2002-06-20 for method of controlling cooling system for a personal computer and personal computer.
Invention is credited to Kurita, Masato, Nagashima, Kenichi, Nakagawa, Tsuyoshi, Neho, Yasushi, Saito, Kenichi, Suzuki, Masahito, Yamagami, Hajime.
Application Number | 20020075648 09/796561 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 18852390 |
Filed Date | 2002-06-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020075648 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Nakagawa, Tsuyoshi ; et
al. |
June 20, 2002 |
Method of controlling cooling system for a personal computer and
personal computer
Abstract
In an information processing apparatus such as a space-saving
type personal computer having a liquid-cooling type cooling system,
the presence of a cooling liquid, a freeze of the cooling liquid
and the temperature of the cooling liquid are detected. When a
freeze of the cooling liquid is detected, a CPU is throttled down
to defrost the cooling liquid or the cooling liquid is heated to be
prevented from being frozen. Alternatively, a warning of detection
of a freeze may be indicated. Alternatively, the activation of the
system may be stopped or the operation of the system may be
interrupted. By such measures, system failure is prevented from
being caused by leaking, shortage, freezing, etc. of the cooling
liquid.
Inventors: |
Nakagawa, Tsuyoshi; (Hadano,
JP) ; Nagashima, Kenichi; (Ebina, JP) ; Saito,
Kenichi; (Tokyo, JP) ; Suzuki, Masahito;
(Toyokawa, JP) ; Yamagami, Hajime; (Sagamihara,
JP) ; Kurita, Masato; (Ebina, JP) ; Neho,
Yasushi; (Atsugi, JP) |
Correspondence
Address: |
MATTINGLY, STANGER & MALUR, P.C.
104 EAST HUME AVENUE
ALEXANDRIA
VA
22301
US
|
Family ID: |
18852390 |
Appl. No.: |
09/796561 |
Filed: |
March 2, 2001 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
361/690 ;
361/679.47 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G06F 1/203 20130101;
H01L 2924/0002 20130101; G06F 1/1601 20130101; G06F 2200/203
20130101; G06F 1/206 20130101; Y02D 10/00 20180101; Y02D 10/16
20180101; G06F 2200/201 20130101; H01L 2924/0002 20130101; H01L
2924/00 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
361/690 ;
361/687 |
International
Class: |
H05K 007/20; G06F
001/20 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 19, 2000 |
JP |
2000-385050 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of cooling a personal computer in which a cooling
liquid is circulated between a heat-absorbing portion mounted on a
heat-generating portion including at least a CPU and a
heat-radiating portion to thereby cool said heat-generating
portion, comprising the steps of: a) detecting a flow state of said
cooling liquid; and b) controlling operation of said personal
computer in accordance with said detected flow state.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein: in said step a), the
detection of the flow state of said cooling liquid is performed
before a system activation process is performed; and in said step
b), said system activation process is stopped when retention of
said cooling liquid or shortage in quantity or flow rate of said
cooling liquid is detected in the step a).
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein: in said step a), the
detection of said flow state of said cooling liquid is performed
when said system is running; and in said step b), the operation of
said system is interrupted when retention of said cooling liquid or
shortage in quantity or flow rate of said cooling liquid is
detected in said step a).
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein in the detection of flow
state in said step a), the flow rate of said cooling liquid is
measured to thereby make a judgment as to whether said cooling
liquid is circulated or not, or as to whether the measured flow
rate satisfies a set value or not, to thereby detect retention of
said cooling liquid or shortage in quantity or flow rate of said
cooling liquid.
5. A personal computer in which a cooling liquid is circulated
between a heat-absorbing portion mounted on a heat-generating
portion including at least a CPU and a heat-radiating portion to
thereby cool said heat-generating portion, comprising: a detecting
portion for detecting the flow state of said cooling liquid; and an
activation control portion for controlling the activation and stop
of said personal computer on the basis of a result of detection by
said detecting portion, wherein: said detecting portion detects
retention of said cooling liquid or shortage in quantity or flow
rate of said cooling liquid; and said activation control portion
stops an activation process of a system or interrupts the system in
operation on the basis of a result of detection by said detecting
portion.
6. A personal computer according to claim 5, wherein said detecting
portion includes any one of an electromagnetic flow meter, a
magnetic flow meter and a light transmission type flow meter.
7. A personal computer according to claim 5, wherein: said cooling
liquid is one member selected from the group consisting of a
cooling liquid having an electrically conductive property, a
cooling liquid containing a magnetic material, and a cooling liquid
exhibiting property different in light transmission factor when
containing air bubbles; and said detecting portion measures the
flow rate of said cooling liquid.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present invention is related to (1) U.S. patent
application Ser. No. ______ (Hitachi docket No. 340002019US01)
filed Mar. 5, 2001 entitled "METHOD OF CONTROLLING COOLING SYSTEM
FOR A PERSONAL COMPUTER AND PERSONAL COMPUTER" claiming the
Convention Priority based on Japanese Patent Application No.
2000-385050 and (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______
(Hitachi docket No. 340002020) filed Mar. 5, 2001 entitled "METHOD
OF CONTROLLING COOLING SYSTEM FOR A PERSONAL COMPUTER AND PERSONAL
COMPUTER" claiming the Convention Priority based on Japanese Patent
Application No. 2000-385051.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a cooling technique and an
information processing apparatus and particularly to a technique
effectively adapted to a technique for cooling a space-saving type
personal computer, or the like.
[0003] For example, with the advance of semiconductor techniques or
the like, performance of a microprocessor used in a personal
computer or the like has been improved remarkably. Particularly, a
product with an operating frequency of the level of GHz has been
used widely.
[0004] On the other hand, with the users' requirement for space
saving and with reduction in cost of a liquid-crystal display, a
so-called notebook type portable personal computer which has a
liquid-crystal display and a body foldably connected to each other
by a hinge has come into wide use. Moreover, an integral display
type desktop personal computer which has a personal computer body
integrated with the back or lower portion of a liquid-crystal
display has come into wide use.
[0005] When a high-performance microprocessor with the level of GHz
is mounted in such a space-saving type personal computer to provide
the personal computer as a product, one of technical problems is
means how to cool the microprocessor (to radiate heat from the
microprocessor).
[0006] It is heretofore known that a cooling fan is disposed near
the microprocessor or in a part of a housing so that the cooling
fan forcedly generates an air stream passing through the
microprocessor portion to radiate heat.
[0007] In the air-cooling system using such a fan, however, heat
radiation has become insufficient because a large amount of heat is
sent out when the existing high-speed microprocessor with the level
of GHz is in operation. If heat radiation is to be made forcedly, a
large-sized fan is required. There arises another technical problem
in increase of the fan size and the housing size, increase of power
consumption, increase of noise, or the like.
[0008] In such a space-saving type personal computer, there are
sale points in small size, low noise, low power consumption, etc.
Hence, increase in size of the housing, increase in power
consumption and increase in noise as described above is a large
technical problem against producing a space-saving type personal
computer.
[0009] Therefore, it has been conceived that a liquid-cooling type
cooling system using liquid as a thermal medium to thereby make it
possible to achieve a large cooling capacity is employed in the
conventional information processing apparatus.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a technique
in which reduction in size, noise and power consumption can be
achieved in an information processing apparatus such as a
space-saving type personal computer or the like and, at the same
time, high performance can be achieved by use of a microprocessor
with a high operating frequency.
[0011] Such a space-saving type personal computer is used in
various locations or in various temperature environments. For
example, the personal computer may be used in a cold district, or
the like. Hence, in a personal computer which employs a
liquid-cooling type cooling system using a liquid thermal medium to
make it possible to achieve a large cooling capacity, cooling
characteristic is deteriorated because of freezing, leaking, or the
like, of the thermal medium. Hence, there is fear that failure such
as system malfunction, thermal damage of the system, etc. may be
caused by overheating of the microprocessor.
[0012] The present invention takes the following measures to
prevent failure such as system malfunction, thermal damage, etc.
from being caused by shortage of the capacity of the thermal
medium.
[0013] In an information processing apparatus having an information
processing portion and an information display portion which are
integrated with each other, the present invention provides a
controlling method in which a thermal medium is circulated between
a cooling jacket mounted on a heat-generating portion including at
least a CPU and a heat-radiating portion to thereby cool the
heat-generating portion. When the information processing apparatus
is activated, judgment is made as to whether the cooling liquid is
circulated or not, or as to whether the quantity of the cooling
liquid runs short or not; and when retention of the cooling liquid
or shortage in quantity of the cooling liquid is detected, the
activation of the information processing apparatus is stopped or
the system in operation is interrupted.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of a frozen-state
process;
[0015] FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing another example of the
frozen-state process;
[0016] FIG. 3 is a conceptual view showing an example of the
configuration of the frozen-state process;
[0017] FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of the
operating condition in FIG. 3;
[0018] FIG. 5 is a conceptual view showing a modified example of
the configuration of the frozen-state process;
[0019] FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of the
operating condition in FIG. 5;
[0020] FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of the
internal structure of an information processing apparatus;
[0021] FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of the
external appearance of the information processing apparatus;
[0022] FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the
internal structure of the information processing apparatus;
[0023] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another example of the
internal structure of the information processing apparatus;
[0024] FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of a
freeze-preventing process;
[0025] FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of the
configuration of the freeze-preventing process;
[0026] FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing an example in which a
frozen-state process is performed by activation of a timer;
[0027] FIG. 14 is a flow chat showing another example of the
freeze-preventing process;
[0028] FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing a detailed example of status
detection in FIG. 14;
[0029] FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing a further example of the
frozen-state process;
[0030] FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing an example of a method for
checking shortage of a cooling liquid;
[0031] FIG. 18 is a flow chart showing another example of the
method for checking shortage of the cooling liquid;
[0032] FIGS. 19A and 19B are conceptual views showing an example of
a method for detecting a flow of the cooling liquid;
[0033] FIG. 20 is a conceptual view showing another example of the
method for detecting a flow of the cooling liquid;
[0034] FIGS. 21A and 21B are conceptual views showing a further
example of the method for detecting a flow of the cooling
liquid;
[0035] FIGS. 22A and 22B are conceptual views showing a further
example of the method for detecting a flow of the cooling
liquid;
[0036] FIG. 23 is a flow chart showing a further example of the
method for checking shortage of the cooling liquid;
[0037] FIG. 24 is a flow chart showing a further example of the
method for checking shortage of the cooling liquid;
[0038] FIG. 25 is a flow chart showing a further example of the
method for checking shortage of the cooling liquid;
[0039] FIG. 26 is a flow chart showing an example in which a
warning is issued in the frozen-state process; and
[0040] FIG. 27 is a conceptual view showing an example of the
configuration of the information processing apparatus.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0041] FIGS. 1 and 2 are flow charts showing an example of the
operation of an information processing apparatus having a cooling
system for carrying out a cooling method according to an embodiment
of the present invention. FIGS. 3 and 5 are conceptual views
showing an example of the configuration of the cooling system in
the information processing apparatus according to this embodiment.
FIGS. 4 and 6 are perspective views showing an example of the
operation of the cooling system. FIG. 7 is a perspective view
showing an example of the internal structure-of the information
processing apparatus according to this embodiment. FIG. 8 is a
perspective view showing an example of the external appearance of
another information processing apparatus according to this
embodiment. FIGS. 9 and 10 are perspective views showing an example
of the internal structure of the another information processing
apparatus.
[0042] As shown in FIG. 3, a cooling system 10 according to this
embodiment comprises: a control portion 11 such as a thermal sensor
control IC for totally controlling the cooling system 10; a cooling
jacket 13 mounted on a CPU 21 such as a microprocessor constituting
an information processing apparatus 20 which will be described
later; a radiator 14 for radiating heat; a pump 12 for forcedly
circulating a thermal medium M between the cooling jacket 13 and
the radiator 14 through a tube 16; a pump driving portion 15 for
driving the pump 12; a thermal sensor S1 for detecting the
temperature of the cooling jacket 13 and supplying the detected
temperature as temperature information T1 to the control portion
11; and a thermal sensor S2 for detecting the temperature of the
radiator 14 and supplying the detected temperature as temperature
information T2 to the control portion 11.
[0043] The pump driving portion 15 is supplied with operating
electric power through a switch 15a from an AC adapter 25. The AC
adapter 25 also supplies electric power to an LCD inverter 24 and
the LCD inverter 24 drives an LCD back light 23 constituting an
information processing apparatus 20 which will be described
later.
[0044] As occasion demands, thermal sensors S3 to S5, or the like,
may be connected to the control portion 11. The thermal sensor S3
is mounted on the pump 12 and supplied with the temperature of the
pump 12 as temperature information T3. The thermal sensor S4 is
mounted on the tube 16 and supplied with the temperature of the
tube 16 as temperature information T4. The thermal sensor S5 is
supplied with the temperature of the tube 16 passing through the
hinge of a notebook type information processing apparatus 20 as
temperature information T5. The hinge of the notebook type
information processing apparatus 20 will be described later.
[0045] Further, as occasion demands, the control portion 11 may
control the operation of a heater 18 mounted on the radiator
14.
[0046] Still further, as occasion demands, the control portion 11
may control a warning portion 17 mounted thereon to sound an alarm,
or the like, to the outside.
[0047] A real-time clock 26 constituted by a calendar IC and
equipped with a backup power supply may be further provided in the
information processing apparatus 20 and connected to the control
portion 11 so that the control portion 11 can obtain time
information t as occasion demands.
[0048] The control portion 11 has a control function for
controlling the operation of the pump 12, the warning portion 17,
the heater 18, or the like, by supplying the quantity of control to
the pump driving portion 15 through a control interface 11a and by
turning on/off the switch 15a through an ALERT1 signal A1 in
accordance with at least one of the five kinds of temperature
information T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 and one kind of time information
t obtained from the real-time clock 26.
[0049] FIG. 4 is a parameter table (frequency) showing examples of
various kinds of parameters set in the controlling operation of the
control portion 11 in accordance with measured results of
temperature information T1 and T2.
[0050] FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration in the case
where the control portion 11 uses the driving frequency of the pump
12 as a control interface 11a to be given to the pump driving
portion 15 in order to control the pump 12. That is, the control
portion 11 sets operating electric power with a frequency in a
transformer driving IC 15b contained in the pump driving portion
15, and the pump driving portion 15 supplies the set operating
electric power with the frequency to the pump 12 to thereby control
the ON/OFF and flow rate of the pump 12.
[0051] FIGS. 5 and 6 show a modified example in the case where the
control portion 11 uses the driving voltage of the pump 12 as a
control interface 11b given to the pump driving portion 15 in order
to control the pump 12. That is, the control portion 11 sets
operating electric power with a voltage in the transformer driving
IC 15b contained in the pump driving portion 15, and the pump
driving portion 15 supplies the set operating electric power with
the voltage to the pump 12 to thereby control the ON/OFF and flow
rate of the pump 12.
[0052] Although the examples of settings of parameters in FIGS. 4
and 6 illustrate temperature values in the case where, for example,
water with a freezing temperature of 0.degree. C. is used as the
thermal medium M, it is a matter of course that various changes may
be made in accordance with the freezing temperature of the thermal
medium M.
[0053] The control portion 11 sends out an ALART2 signal A2 and an
ALART3 signal A3 to a keyboard controller 22 provided in the
information processing apparatus 20 so that the control portion 11
can perform the status control of the information processing
apparatus 20 such as shutdown processing for stopping the operation
of the information processing apparatus 20 totally by a normal
procedure, CPU throttling for operating the CPU 21 with an
operating frequency lower than the rating frequency, or the
like.
[0054] That is, in the information processing apparatus 20 such as
a personal computer, or the like, shutdown processing and CPU
throttling can be executed by a specific keyboard operation. The
control portion 11 achieves the shutdown processing and CPU
throttling by generating an equivalent state to the specific
keyboard operation in the inside of the keyboard controller 22 on
the basis of the ALART2 signal A2 and the ALART3 signal A3.
[0055] These control functions of the control portion 11 can be
achieved by a built-in microcomputer not shown, or the like.
[0056] An example of the configuration of the information
processing apparatus 20 according to this embodiment will be
described below with reference to FIG. 7. The information
processing apparatus 20 illustrated in FIG. 7 is constituted by a
so-called notebook type space-saving personal computer comprising a
body unit 20a and a display unit 20b which are integrated with and
connected to each other foldably through a hinge portion 20c.
[0057] The body unit 20a includes a CPU 21, a peripheral chip 27
such as a bus controller, an external storage device 28a such as a
magnetic disk device, an external storage device 28b for driving a
commutative recording medium such as a CD-ROM, and a body driving
battery 29 and further includes a keyboard controller 22, a
real-time clock 26, and an LCD inverter 24 which are not shown in
FIG. 7.
[0058] The display unit 20b includes a liquid-crystal panel 20d,
and an LCD back light 23 which is not shown in FIG. 7 but disposed
on the back of the liquid-crystal panel 20d.
[0059] In this embodiment, the cooling jacket 13 of the cooling
system 10 is amounted so as to come into contact with the CPU 21 of
the body unit 20a. The pump 12 is amounted to a neighbor of the
CPU. The radiator 14 is disposed on the back side of the
liquid-crystal panel 20d of the display unit 20b. The tube 16 is
drawn around through the hinge portion 20c so as to connect the
cooling jacket 13, the pump 12 and the radiator 14 to one another.
In the example of FIG. 7, the tube 16 is drawn around so as to pass
over the peripheral chip 27, the external storage devices 28a and
28b and the body driving battery 29.
[0060] The thermal sensor S1 is disposed on the cooling jacket 13.
The thermal sensor S2 is disposed on the radiator 14.
[0061] As occasion demands, the thermal sensor S3 may be disposed
in contact with the pump 12, the thermal sensor S4 may be disposed
in a portion of the hinge portion 20c through which the tube 16
passes, and the thermal sensor S5 may be disposed on a part of the
drawing path of the tube 16 (in the example of FIG. 7, the thermal
sensor S5 is disposed on the upper portion of the external storage
device 28b).
[0062] The configuration of a different type space-saving
information processing apparatus 20-1 according to this embodiment
will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10.
[0063] The information processing apparatus 20-1 comprises a body
unit 20-1a, a display unit 20-1b, and a swivel base 20-1c. The body
unit 20-1a is integrally connected to the back side of the display
unit 20-1b and supported on the swivel base 20-1c so as to freely
swivel and tilt back and forth.
[0064] As illustrated in FIG. 10 or the like, the body unit 20-1a
includes a CPU 21, and an external storage device 28a such as a
magnetic disk device, and further includes a keyboard controller
22, a real-time clock 26 and an LCD inverter 24 which are not shown
in FIG. 7.
[0065] The display unit 20-1b includes a liquid-crystal panel
20-1d, a not-shown LCD back light 23 disposed on the back of the
liquid-crystal panel 20-1d, and speakers 20e on opposite sides of
the lower portion of the display unit 20-1b.
[0066] In the information processing apparatus 20-1, the cooling
jacket 13 of the cooling system 10 is mounted so as to come into
contact with the CPU 21 of the body unit 20-1a. The pump 12 is
mounted on a neighbor of the cooling jacket 13. The radiator 14 is
disposed on the back side of the liquid-crystal panel 20-1d of the
display unit 20-1b. The tube 16 is drawn around while piercing a
frame portion, or the like, for supporting the liquid-crystal panel
20-1d. Accordingly, the tube 16 connects the cooling jacket 13 and
the pump 12 on the body unit 20-1a side and the radiator 14 on the
liquid-crystal panel 20-1d side to one another.
[0067] The thermal sensor S is disposed on the cooling jacket 13.
The thermal sensor S2 is disposed on the radiator 14.
[0068] As occasion demands, the thermal sensor S3 may be disposed
so as to come into contact with the pump 12, and the thermal sensor
S5 may be disposed on a part of the drawing path of the tube 16 (in
the example of FIG. 10, the thermal sensors S5 are disposed near
the cooling jacket 13 and near the pump 12 respectively).
[0069] An example of the operation of this embodiment will be
described below with reference to the flow charts of FIGS. 1 and 2,
or the like.
[0070] When switching on of a power supply for the information
processing apparatus 20 is detected, the process illustrated in the
flow chart of FIG. 1 starts. First, the control portion 11 executes
the detection I of the cooling system status as illustrated in FIG.
2 (step 101). A judgement is made as to whether the thermal medium
M in the cooling system 10 is frozen or not (step 102). If the
thermal medium M is not frozen, a system starting-up process is
executed (step 104).
[0071] In the detection I of the cooling system status illustrated
in FIG. 2, a judgement is made as to whether the temperature
information detected by each thermal sensor is not higher than the
freezing point of the thermal medium M or not, as shown in the
steps 101a to 101e. If a value not higher than the freezing point
is detected in any one of the thermal sensors, a judgment is made
that the thermal medium M is frozen (step 101g). If all the
detected temperature values are not lower than the freezing point,
a judgment is made that the thermal medium M is not frozen (step
101f).
[0072] Although FIG. 2 illustrates the example where all
temperature information detected by the thermal sensors Sl to S5
are judged for illustration convenience, the present invention may
be applied also to the case where at least one temperature value is
used.
[0073] On the other hand, when a freeze is detected in the step
102, the control portion 11 supplies an ALART3 signal A3 to the
keyboard controller 22 so that the operation of the CPU 21 is
shifted to a CPU throttling state in which the CPU 21 is operated
at a low speed (in a low heat generation quantity) with a frequency
lower than the rating operating frequency in the ordinary running
state (step 103). After the step 103, the detection I of the
cooling system status in the step 101, the freeze-judgement in the
step 102 and CPU throttling in the step 103 are continued until the
frozen state is released. When the frozen state is released, the
situation of the routine shifts to the system starting-up process
shown in the step 104.
[0074] In this embodiment, the liquid-cooling type cooling system
10 using the thermal medium M is used for cooling the CPU 21, etc.
Hence, a large cooling capacity can be achieved compared with the
air-cooling type cooling system or the like. Hence, reduction in
size, noise and power consumption can be achieved in the
information processing apparatus such as a space-saving personal
computer and, at the same time, high performance can be achieved by
use of a microprocessor with a high operating frequency.
[0075] Moreover, when the system is to be activated, the judgment
is first made as to whether the thermal medium M in the cooling
system 10 is frozen or not, the thermal medium M is then defrosted
(released from the frozen state) by use of heat generated by CPU
throttling on the basis of the judgment, the system activating
process is at last executed. Hence, overheating failure of the CPU
21 can be steadily prevented from being caused by the full-loading
state of the CPU 21 with a large amount of heat generated in the
condition that the thermal medium M is still frozen.
[0076] Moreover, heat generated in the CPU throttling is used so
effectively that the frozen state of the thermal medium M can be
released automatically and efficiently.
[0077] Another embodiment of the present invention in which the
cooling liquid is defrosted by a heater when a freeze of the
cooling liquid is detected will be described below.
[0078] FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation
of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a
perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the
information processing apparatus 20 according to this
embodiment.
[0079] In this embodiment, a heater 18 is mounted on the radiator
14 constituting the cooling system 10 so that, when the thermal
medium M is frozen, the heater 18 is operated to defrost the
thermal medium M. Although the example of FIG. 12 illustrates the
configuration that the heater 18 is selectively mounted on the
radiator 14, it is a matter of course that the heater 18 may be
mounted on a part or a whole of the other portion of the
circulation path of the thermal medium M in the cooling system
10.
[0080] That is, first, the control portion 11 executes the
detection I of the cooling system status as illustrated in FIG. 2
(step 101). A judgement is made as to whether the thermal medium M
in the cooling system 10 is frozen or not (step 102). When the
thermal medium M is not frozen, the system starting-up process is
executed (step 104).
[0081] On the other hand, when a freeze is detected in the step
102, the control portion 11 switches the heater 18 on to start
heating by the radiator 14 (step 105). Then, the detection I of the
cooling system status in the step 101, the freeze judgment process
in the step 102 and the heating process by use of the heater 18 in
the step 105 are continued until the frozen state is released. When
the frozen state is released, the control portion 11 switches the
heater 18 off (step 106) and the situation of the routine goes to
the step 104 so as to perform the system starting-up process.
[0082] Incidentally, the defrosting process shown in the flow chart
of FIG. 11 may be executed when the information processing
apparatus 20 is to be started up or at any other optional
opportunity (for example, when the information processing apparatus
20 is left).
[0083] The same effect as in the previous embodiment can be
obtained in this embodiment. Moreover, this embodiment has an
advantage in that heating failure of the system such as a CPU 21
owing to a freeze of the thermal medium M can be avoided because
the thermal medium M can be defrosted without use of CPU throttling
of the CPU 21, that is, regardless of the presence of the CPU
throttling function.
[0084] FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation
of an embodiment in which a frozen state of the thermal medium M is
judged at a predetermined point of time so that the defrosting
process-can be performed as occasion demands.
[0085] In this embodiment, the control portion 11 in the cooling
system 10 monitors time information obtained from a real-time clock
26. A judgment is made as to whether it is the predetermined point
of time or not (for example, in the example of FIG. 13, 7 a.m.
which is a point of time before the information processing
apparatus 20 is supposed to be used) (step 107). When arrival of
the predetermined point of time is detected, the frozen state of
the thermal medium M is judged and, as occasion demands, the
defrosting process shown in FIG. 11 is performed. Step numerals for
the same processes in FIGS. 11 and 13 are referenced
correspondingly so that the description of the steps will be
omitted.
[0086] The real-time clock 26 is operated by a backup battery not
shown, or the like. Hence, the real-time clock 26 is ticking
regardless of the activation state of the information processing
apparatus 20.
[0087] In this embodiment, a freeze of the thermal medium M in the
cooling system 10 can be detected to be released before the
information processing apparatus 20 begins to be used. Hence,
because the time waiting for defrosting the thermal medium M can be
cut when the information processing apparatus 20 begins to be used,
this embodiment has an advantage in that the information processing
apparatus 20 can be used efficiently.
[0088] FIGS. 14 and 15 are flow charts showing an example of the
operation of an embodiment in which the cooling liquid is prevented
from being frozen.
[0089] In this embodiment, a freeze of the thermal medium M is
predicted so that a freeze-preventing operation is carried out. In
this embodiment, the control portion 11 in the cooling system 10
can be operated by a not-shown backup battery in the same manner as
that in the real-time clock 26 regardless of the activation state
of the information processing apparatus 20 such as regardless of
switching on/off of the power supply for the information processing
apparatus 20.
[0090] That is, at an any opportunity, the control portion 11 in
the cooling system 10 makes a judgment as to whether there is power
supply from the AC adapter 25 or not (step 108). When such a
decision that power can be supplied is made, the control portion 11
executes the detection II of the cooling system status illustrated
in the flow chart of FIG. 15 which will be described later (step
109). When such a decision that the cooling system 10 is just going
to be frozen is made (step 110), the control portion 11 activates
the pump 12 to perform a freeze-preventing operation for forcedly
circulating the thermal medium M in the tube 16 (step 111). The
control portion 11 continues the freeze-preventing operation in the
steps 109 to 111 until the state in which the thermal medium M is
just going to be frozen is released.
[0091] That is, as illustrated in FIG. 15, in the detection II of
the cooling system status, if at least one of the pump temperature
(temperature information T3), the cooling jacket temperature
(temperature information T1), the hinge temperature (temperature
information T5), the tube temperature (temperature information T4)
and the radiator temperature (temperature information T2) is
detected to be lower than its freezing point plus .alpha. (steps
109a to 109e), a decision is made that the thermal medium M is
before a frozen state (step 109g). Otherwise, a decision is made
that the thermal medium M is not just before a frozen state (step
109f). In this manner, a freeze of the thermal medium M is
predicted.
[0092] Assuming that the value of .alpha. is 5.degree. C. and that
water (with a freezing temperature of 0.degree. C.) is used as the
thermal medium M, a decision is made that the thermal medium M is
just going to be frozen, when at least one of the temperature
information T1 to T5 concerning the thermal medium M is lower than
5.degree. C.
[0093] FIG. 16 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation
of another embodiment of the process in a frozen state.
[0094] In this embodiment, when the information processing system
20 is to be activated, the cooling system 10 is activated (step
112). A judgment is made as to whether the cooling system 10 is
frozen or not (steps 101 and 102). When a decision is made that the
cooling system 10 is frozen, the cooling system 10 is stopped (step
113). At the same time, the activation (bootstrap, etc.) of the
information processing system 20 is also stopped. When the cooling
system 10 is not frozen, the activation (bootstrap, etc.) of the
information processing apparatus 20 is continued (step 114).
[0095] When the information processing system 20 is to be
activated, a judgment is first made as to whether there is a freeze
in the cooling system 10 or not and the activation of the
information processing apparatus 20 is then stopped. Also by such a
simple operation, failure can be steadily prevented from being
caused by the continuation of the activation of the information
processing apparatus 20 when the cooling system 10 is frozen.
[0096] FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation
of an embodiment in the case where the cooling liquid runs
short.
[0097] In this embodiment, when the information processing
apparatus is to be activated, the cooling system 10 is activated
(step 112). A flow of the thermal medium M (cooling liquid) in the
cooling system 10 is detected (step 116). A judgment is made as to
whether the thermal medium M is circulated or not (step 117). When
the thermal medium M is not circulated, the cooling system 10 is
regarded as abnormal and the cooling system 10 is stopped (step
113). At the same time, the activation process (bootstrap, etc.) of
the information processing apparatus 20 is also stopped (step 115).
When the thermal medium M is circulated, the cooling system 10 is
regarded as normal and the activation (bootstrap, etc.) of the
information processing apparatus 20 is continued (step 114).
[0098] Alternatively, as illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 18,
the detection of a flow of the thermal medium M may be executed
when the information processing apparatus 20 is in operation.
[0099] That is, after the information processing apparatus 20 and
the cooling system 10 are activated (step 112), a flow of the
thermal medium M (cooling liquid) is detected while the information
processing apparatus 20 and the cooling system 10 are in operation
normally (step 116). The process of making a judgment as to whether
the thermal medium M is circulated or not (step 117) is performed
continuously. When detection is made that the thermal medium M is
not circulated, the cooling system 10 is regarded as abnormal and
the cooling system 10 is stopped (step 113). At the same time, a
shutdown process for stopping the operation of the information
processing apparatus 20 is executed (step 118).
[0100] An example of the method for detecting a flow of the thermal
medium M (cooling liquid) in the step 116 in FIGS. 17 and 18 will
be illustrated below.
[0101] FIGS. 19A and 19B are conceptual views showing an example of
the method for detecting a flow of the thermal medium M. In the
example of FIGS. 19A and 19B, there is shown the method for
detecting a flow of the thermal medium M by a flow sensor 30 which
is made of an electromagnetic flow meter and which is disposed on
the tube 16 through which the thermal medium M passes. The flow
sensor 30 is constituted by a pair of magnetic poles 31 and 32, a
pair of electrodes 33 and 34 and a voltmeter 35. The pair of
magnetic poles 31 and 32 form a magnetic field in a direction
perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the thermal medium M
in the tube 16. The pair of electrodes 33 and 34 are disposed in
the tube 16 in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. The
voltmeter 35 is disposed to measure the value of electromotive
force which is generated between the electrodes 33 and 34 on the
basis of the flow rate of the thermal medium M so as to be
proportional to the flow rate of the thermal medium M. The
voltmeter 35 sends out the value of electromotive force, as the
flow rate value of the thermal medium M, to the control portion 11
of the cooling system 10. In this case, the thermal medium M needs
to have electrically conductive characteristic.
[0102] FIG. 20 is a conceptual view showing another example of the
means for detecting a flow of the thermal medium M. The flow sensor
40 illustrated in FIG. 20 has magnetic substance particles 41 mixed
in the thermal medium M, a solenoid 42 wound on the tube 16 through
which the thermal medium M passes, and a voltmeter 43 for measuring
a voltage generated in the solenoid 42 and sending out the measured
voltage value to the control portion 11. That is, when the thermal
medium M flows in the tube 16, the solenoid 42 wound on the tube 16
is axially moved by the magnetic substance particles 41 mixed in
the thermal medium M. On this occasion, a voltage corresponding to
the moving speed of the magnetic substance particles 41 (the flow
rate of the thermal medium M) is generated in the solenoid 42.
Hence, the flow rate of the thermal medium M can be measured on the
basis of the voltage measured by the voltmeter 43.
[0103] FIGS. 21A and 21B are conceptual views showing further
examples of the method for detecting a flow of the thermal medium
M. The flow sensor 50 illustrated in FIG. 21A has a light source
51, a photo sensor 52 and a voltmeter 53. The light source 51 and
the photo sensor 52 are disposed so as to be opposite to each other
with respect to the tube 16, and the voltmeter 53 is disposed to
measure a voltage generated in the photo sensor 52 in accordance
with the quantity of inspection light 51a incident onto the photo
sensor 52 from the light source 51 via the tube 16 (and the thermal
medium M flowing in the tube 16). In this case, a material for the
tube 16 needs to have transparency by a certain degree or higher
with respect to the inspection light 51a.
[0104] Variation (fluctuation) in flow rate, refractive index, etc.
in the direction of transmission of the inspection light 51a occurs
in the thermal medium M flowing in the tube 16. Hence, the quantity
of the transmitted inspection light 51a incident onto the photo
sensor 52 varies with the passage of time. Hence, the voltage
detected by the voltmeter 53 is fluctuated. On the other hand, when
the thermal medium M is stationary (the flow of the thermal medium
M is stopped), the fluctuation is not detected. Hence, in this
case, the voltage detected by the voltmeter 53 does not vary with
the passage of time, that is, the voltage is kept constant. By use
of this difference, the control portion 11 detects whether the
thermal medium M is flowing in the tube 16 or not.
[0105] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 21B, the thermal medium M
may be colored so that the sensitivity in detection of the presence
of a flow of the thermal medium M can be increased by detection of
the passage of a fine bubble, or the like, mixed in the thermal
medium M.
[0106] FIGS. 22A and 22B are sectional views showing a further
embodiment of the method for detecting a freeze of the cooling
liquid. Other than the method for measuring temperatures by the
thermal sensors S1 to S5 as described in the aforementioned
embodiments, another method for making a judgment as to whether the
thermal medium M in the tube 16 is frozen or not, will be
illustrated in this embodiment.
[0107] That is, in this embodiment, there is shown an example in
which a freeze detecting device 60 made of a pair of pressure
sensors 61 and 62 disposed on a part of the tube 16 is used to
detect a change of the diameter of the tube 16.
[0108] When the thermal medium M in the tube 16 is frozen, the
volume of the thermal medium M changes. As a result, the diameter
of the tube 16 changes. The change of the diameter of the tube 16
is detected by the pair of pressure sensors 61 and 62 to thereby
detect a freeze of the thermal medium M.
[0109] FIG. 23 is a flow chart showing an example of the operation
of a further embodiment in the case where the cooling liquid runs
short.
[0110] In this embodiment, when the information processing
apparatus 20 is to be activated, the cooling system 10 is activated
(step 112). The detection III of the cooling system status is
executed for detecting shortage of the thermal medium M (cooling
liquid) in the cooling system 10 (step 119). A judgment is made as
to whether shortage of the thermal medium M occurs or not (step
120). When the thermal medium M runs short, the cooling system 10
is regarded as abnormal and stopped (step 113) and, at the same
time, the activation process (bootstrap, etc.) of the information
processing apparatus 20 is also stopped (step 115). When the
thermal medium M does not run short, the cooling system 10 is
regarded as normal and the activation (bootstrap, etc.) of the
information processing apparatus 20 is continued (step 114).
[0111] Alternatively, as illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 24,
the detection of shortage of the thermal medium M may be executed
when the information processing apparatus 20 is in operation.
[0112] That is, after the information processing apparatus 20 and
the cooling system 10 are activated (step 112), the detection III
of the cooling system status is executed while the information
processing apparatus 20 and the cooling system 10 are in a normal
operating state (step 119). The process of making a judgment as to
whether shortage of the thermal medium M (cooling liquid) occurs or
not (step 120) is performed continuously. When detection is made
that the thermal medium M is not circulated, the cooling system 10
is regarded as abnormal and the cooling system 10 is stopped (step
113) and, at the same time, a shutdown process for stopping the
operation of the information processing apparatus 20 is executed
(step 118).
[0113] An example of the method for detecting a flow of the thermal
medium M (cooling liquid) in the step 116 in FIGS. 23 and 24 will
be illustrated below.
[0114] FIG. 25 is a conceptual view showing an example of the
configuration of a liquid-shortage-detecting device 70 for
detecting shortage of the thermal medium M in this embodiment.
[0115] The liquid-shortage-detecting device 70 is constituted by a
light source 71, a photo sensor 72 and a voltmeter 73. The light
source 71 and the photo sensor 72 are disposed so as to be opposite
to each other with respect to the tube 16, and the voltmeter 73 is
disposed to measure a voltage generated in the photo sensor 72 in
accordance with the quantity of inspection light 71a incident onto
the photo sensor 72 from the light source 71 via the tube 16 (and
the thermal medium M flowing in the tube 16). In this case, a
material for the tube 16 needs to have transparency by a certain
degree or higher with respect to the inspection light 71a.
[0116] When the thermal medium M runs short because of leaking or
insufficient supplement of the thermal medium M, etc., a bubble 74
is mixed in the thermal medium M as shown in FIG. 25. Hence, when
the inspection light 71a passes through the bubble, the
transmission factor of the inspection light 71a increases so that
the quantity of the inspection light 71a detected by the photo
sensor 72 increases temporarily. Accordingly, when, for example,
the change of the quantity of the inspection light 71a which is
converted into a voltage in the voltmeter 73 is integrated in the
direction of the time axis for each circulation cycle of the
thermal medium M in the tube 16, and if the integrated value
exceeds a predetermined threshold, shortage of the thermal medium M
can be judged. In this case, as occasion demands, the thermal
medium M may be colored to increase the difference between the
transmission factor of the inspection light 71a to the thermal
medium M and the transmission factor of the inspection light 71a to
the bubble 74 so that the detection sensitivity can be
increased.
[0117] FIG. 26 is a flow chart showing an example of an embodiment
of the system operation in the case where a freeze of the cooling
liquid is detected.
[0118] In this embodiment, when the information processing
apparatus 20 is to be activated, the detection I of the cooling
system status illustrated in FIG. 2 is executed (step 101). When a
freeze of the thermal medium M in the cooling system 10 is
detected, a warning portion 17 provided in the cooling system 10 is
used for issuing a warning to the user of the information
processing apparatus 20 (step 121). The warning portion 17 is
provided in the cooling system 10 so as to be independent of an
alarm system provided in the information processing apparatus 20.
Hence, the aforementioned warning can be issued regardless of the
activation of the information processing apparatus 20.
[0119] Though not shown specifically, in the step 121, the
starting-up process of the information processing apparatus 20 may
be stopped, or the defrosting process may be executed by the heater
18 as described above, or the defrost process may be executed by
shifting the CPU state into a CPU throttling state as described
above, after a warning has been issued.
[0120] When a judgment is made that the thermal medium M is not
frozen in the step 102, the ordinary system starting-up process is
executed (step 114).
[0121] FIG. 27 is a conceptual view showing an example of the
configuration of the information processing apparatus for carrying
out the present invention. The aforementioned embodiments have
illustrated the case where the control portion 11 of the cooling
system 10 operates autonomically to perform various kinds of
controlling operations independent of the information processing
apparatus 20. In this embodiment, description is made about the
case where the CPU 81 of the information processing apparatus 80
itself makes an operation of controlling the cooling system
10A.
[0122] In FIG. 27, the reference numeral 81 designates a CPU; 82, a
CPU bus; 83, a bus controller; 84, a main memory; 85, an indicating
portion; 86, a system bus; and 87, a clock generating control
portion.
[0123] The CPU 81 such as a microprocessor operates to make access
to not-shown programs and not-shown data which are stored in the
main memory 84 through the CPU bus 82 and the bus controller 83.
Hence, the CPU 81 sends out necessary information as visual data to
the indicating portion 85 such as a display.
[0124] The clock generating control portion 87 supplies an
operating clock to the CPU 81. The clock generating control portion
87 can make the CPU 81 operate with an ordinary rating frequency,
or make the CPU 81 operate in a CPU throttling state with an
operating frequency lower than the rating frequency.
[0125] In this embodiment, the cooling system 10A is provided as
one of peripheral devices connected to the system bus 86 such as a
general-purpose bus to which the peripheral devices or the like not
shown are connected.
[0126] The configuration of the cooling system 10A is substantially
the same as that illustrated in FIG. 3, except that the control
portion 11A transmits information received from various kinds of
sensors to the CPU 81 of the information processing apparatus 80
through the system bus 86 and except that (software such as
operating system, BIOS, or the like, of) the CPU 81 issues a
command to the control portion 11A so as to perform an operation of
controlling respective portions of the cooling system 10A. For
example, the controlling operation illustrated in FIG. 1 is carried
out in this embodiment in the following manner. The control portion
11A transmits temperature measurement results measured by the
thermal sensors S1 to S5 to the CPU 81. The CPU 81 then makes a
judgment as to whether a freeze occurs in the cooling system 10A or
not. For example, the CPU 81 controls the clock generating control
portion 87 to reduce the CPU's own operating frequency to shift the
CPU state into a CPU throttling state to thereby defrost the
thermal medium M on the basis of the heat generated in the CPU 81
itself.
[0127] Further, the CPU 81 issues a command to the control portion
11A to operate respective portions such as the control portion 11A,
the pump 12, the warning portion 17, the heater 18, or the like, in
the cooling system 10A.
[0128] This embodiment can be achieved easily if the control
portion 11A in the cooling system 10A has a simple register
interface for exchanging information between the control portion
11A and the CPU 81 through the system bus 86. Hence, this
embodiment has an advantage in that control logic in the control
portion 11A, or the like, can be simplified greatly.
* * * * *