U.S. patent application number 10/050335 was filed with the patent office on 2002-05-30 for liquid stabilizing baffle.
Invention is credited to Bambacigno, John A., Spickelmire, W. James.
Application Number | 20020063133 10/050335 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 27491085 |
Filed Date | 2002-05-30 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020063133 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Spickelmire, W. James ; et
al. |
May 30, 2002 |
LIQUID STABILIZING BAFFLE
Abstract
A liquid stabilizing baffle is described in which first and
second loops are formed, each by a strip of flexible spring-like
material. When assembled, the first and second loops are joined
together and intersect one another at two intersection points along
an axis. A succession of at least two baffle units may be joined
together by at least one loop of one unit passing through at least
one loop of a successive baffle unit.
Inventors: |
Spickelmire, W. James;
(Grangeville, ID) ; Bambacigno, John A.;
(Grangeville, ID) |
Correspondence
Address: |
WELLS ST. JOHN P.S.
601 W. FIRST
SUITE 1300
SPOKANE
WA
99201-3828
US
|
Family ID: |
27491085 |
Appl. No.: |
10/050335 |
Filed: |
January 15, 2002 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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10050335 |
Jan 15, 2002 |
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09813046 |
Mar 19, 2001 |
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09813046 |
Mar 19, 2001 |
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09533065 |
Mar 22, 2000 |
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09533065 |
Mar 22, 2000 |
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09224170 |
Dec 31, 1998 |
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09224170 |
Dec 31, 1998 |
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09073891 |
May 6, 1998 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
220/563 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60P 3/2235 20130101;
B65D 90/52 20130101; B60K 2015/0775 20130101; B60K 2015/0344
20130101; B60K 15/077 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
220/563 |
International
Class: |
B60P 003/00; B62D
033/00; B65D 088/12 |
Claims
1. A liquid stabilizing baffle, comprising: first and second loops
each being formed by a strip of flexible spring-like material; and
wherein the first and second loops are joined together and
intersect one another at two intersection points along an axis.
2. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein the first and
second loops are locked against rotation about the axis.
3. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein the first and
second loops are locked against rotation about the axis; and
wherein a third loop is connected to the first and second
loops.
4. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein the first and
second loops are formed of plastic material.
5. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein a third loop
is interwoven with the first and second loops.
6. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein the first and
second loops are fastened together at points where the loops
intersect.
7. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, further comprising
fastener members that interconnect the loops at points where the
first and second loops intersect.
8. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein the first and
second loops intersect at substantially right angles and are formed
about an approximate common point.
9. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein: each loop is
formed of polyethylene plastic material; the first and second loops
are formed substantially about a common center point, with each at
an approximate radius from the center point; and each of the loops
includes longitudinal side edges that are separated by a width
dimension less than the radius.
10. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 1, wherein: the first
and second loops are formed about a substantially common center
point with each at an approximate radius from the center point; and
wherein each of the loops includes longitudinal side edges that are
separated by a width dimension not substantially greater than
approximately 0.6 times the radius.
11. A liquid stabilizing baffle, comprising: first and second
substantially circular loops formed about an approximate center
point and joined to one another at intersection points along an
axis; each of the first and second loops being formed of flexible
spring-like strips at a radius from the approximate center point;
the first and second loops each including substantially annular
side edges spaced apart by a width dimension; each of the first and
second loops further including substantially concentric annular
outer and inner surfaces joining the substantially annular side
edges and spanning the width dimension; wherein the inner and outer
surfaces of each first and second loop are spaced apart radially
with respect to the approximate center point by a thickness
dimension; wherein the thickness dimension is less than the width
dimension and the width dimension is less than the radius; and
fasteners joining the first and second loops in intersecting,
substantially concentric relation, forming a hollow spheroidal
cruciform configuration.
12. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein the first
and second loops are formed of flexible plastic strips.
13. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein a third loop
is joined to and intersects the first and second loops.
14. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein the width
dimension of the first and second loops is no greater than
approximately 0.6 times the radius.
15. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein the first
and second loops are formed of elongated flexible strips having
opposed ends and wherein the ends of one strip meet to form the
first loop and wherein said ends are disposed at a point of
intersection with the second loop.
16. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein the first
and second loops are formed by two elongated strips of flexible
spring like material with opposed transverse ends, and wherein ends
of one strip are joined together to form one of the loops at an
approximate mid point between ends of the other strip.
17. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 11, wherein a third loop
is joined with the first and second loops and is connected to the
first and second loops at pivot points.
18. A liquid stabilizing baffle, comprising: substantially circular
first and second loops formed of flexible spring-like plastic
strips on substantially equal radii from a central point, the loops
intersecting one another at angles to form a substantially three
dimensional hollow spheroid cruciform configuration; the first and
second loops each including substantially annular side edges spaced
apart by a width dimension; the first and second loops each further
including substantially concentric annular outer and inner surfaces
joining the side edges and spanning the width dimension; wherein
the inner and outer surfaces are spaced apart radially by a
thickness dimension; wherein the thickness dimension of each loop
is less than the width dimension thereof and the width dimension is
less than the radius thereof; wherein each strip is elongated
between opposed ends and wherein the ends of one strip are joined
together with the other strip at a point thereon approximately
midway between ends of said other strip.
19. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 18 wherein the ends of
said other strip are joined with the one strip at a point thereon
approximately midway between the opposed ends thereof.
20. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 18 wherein a third loop
is pivotably connected to the first and second loops.
21. A liquid stabilizing baffle, comprising: first and second loops
formed by a first and second elongated strips of flexible resilient
material with each strip formed in a loop configuration; wherein
the first and second loops are interlinked with one another at two
intersection points along an axis, forming a substantially hollow
spheroidal cruciform configuration.
22. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the strips
include joined ends that are interlinked by fasteners.
23. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the first and
second loops are connected by fasteners which include male and
female latch members.
24. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the first and
second loops are connected by fasteners that extend through the
first and second strips at points adjacent the intersections
thereof.
25. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21, further comprising a
third loop with opposed interlinked ends formed around and joined
with the first and second strips.
26. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 further comprising a
third loop interlaced with the first and second loops through link
members formed by third loop receiving slots formed in the first
and second strips.
27. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the first and
second strips include opposed ends and link members comprised of
paired central slots, shaped to slidably receive the first and
second strip ends.
28. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the first and
second loops each include one end with a triangular opening and
another end with a latch member releasably received through and
interlocked within the triangular opening.
29. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein: each strip
is formed of a flexible, resilient plastic material; the first and
second loops are formed substantially about a common center point,
with each at an approximate radius from the center point; and
wherein each of the strips includes longitudinal side edges that
are spaced apart by a width dimension that is less than the radius,
and further include inward and outwardly facing surfaces that
define strip thickness dimensions that are less than the width
dimensions.
30. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein each of the
first and second strips include longitudinal side edges that are
separated by a width dimension and further comprising a third loop
intersecting and joined with the first and second strips, and
wherein the third loop includes a width dimension that is less than
the width dimension of the first and second strips.
31. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 wherein the first and
second strips include paired third loop receiving slots and wherein
a third loop is interlaced through the paired slots.
32. The liquid stabilizing baffle of claim 21 in which joint
members are provided at ends of the first and second strips, for
releasably securing the ends together, and in which link members
are provided on the first and second strips, with the link members
on the first strip slidably receiving the joint members of the
second strip.
33. A liquid stabilizing baffle kit, comprising component parts
that include: first and second elongated strips of flexible
resilient material, having width dimensions between longitudinal
side edges, and thickness dimensions between opposed inner and
outer surfaces; the strips including opposed strip ends; and
fasteners configured to join the strip ends together in
intersecting resilient loops with the thickness dimensions oriented
radially and with the width dimensions substantially
tangential.
34. The kit of claim 33, further comprising a third strip; and
mounting members adapted to connect the third strip in a third loop
configuration to the first and second loops.
35. A liquid stabilizing baffle system, comprising: a succession of
baffle units, each unit formed of first and second elongated strips
of flexible resilient material having width dimensions between
longitudinal side edges, and thickness dimensions between opposed
inner and outer surfaces; the strips of each baffle unit being
formed in intersecting loops that are joined to form substantially
hollow spheroid cruciform configurations; and wherein at least one
of the strips of one baffle unit is linked through at least one of
the loops of a successive adjacent baffle unit, whereby the baffle
units are linked together in succession.
36. The system of claim 35 wherein both loops of one baffle unit
are linked through both loops of a successive adjacent baffle unit.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application is a continuing application based on
co-pending parent application Ser. No. 09/813,046 filed on Mar. 19,
2001, and which is a continuing application based on application
Ser. No. 09/533,065 filed on Mar. 22, 2000; and which is a
continuing application of parent application, Ser. No. 09/224,170
filed on Dec. 31, 1998, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,308,856 and
which is a continuing application based on parent application Ser.
No. 09/073,891 filed on Sep. 28, 1998, now issued as U.S. Pat. No.
5,890,618. All applications and patents issued or issuing on
applications cited above are hereby incorporated by reference in
this application.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to stabilization of fluids
using baffles.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] It has long been recognized that free flowing fluids can be
dangerous to balance and control of vehicles. Tankers carrying less
than full tanks of any fluid risk turnover when cornering, due to
the centrifugal movement of the fluid to the outside dimension of
the tank during the turn. The fluid weight will shift quickly and
dramatically to the outside of the turn, upsetting the balance of
the supporting vehicle. At best, this hinders proper vehicle
control; at worst, the shifting weight will cause the vehicle to
roll over.
[0004] Free fluid in smaller tanks also represents a problem even
where weight shifting is not a serious problem. Shifting chemicals
in a agricultural chemical tank, for example, can affect the
application rate of the chemical. The chemical may shift away from
the intake of the application pump, disrupting fluid flow to the
pump even though sufficient fluid is available in the tank. Still
further, sloshing fluids in tanks causes repeated stressing of the
tank walls. Such repeated uneven stressing causes the material of
the tank walls to gradually work-harden and fail.
[0005] Free fluid in nature in the form of waves and current may
also be a great cause of erosion. Even structural seawalls and
breakwaters may be broken and eroded by exceptional wave action
that may occur during storms or flooding.
[0006] Clearly there has been a long felt need for an apparatus by
which wave or fluid current forces may be dampened. The present
apparatus is provided to fulfill this need as will be understood
from the following description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below
with reference to the following accompanying drawings.
[0008] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred baffle
configuration;
[0009] FIG. 2 is a side elevation view showing two baffle units
engaging one another, with the present third ring preventing the
baffle units from nesting together;
[0010] FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic operational view illustrating
baffle units in a tank, with the first and second loops of a baffle
being compressed and a third loop being twisted to fit through the
tank opening;
[0011] FIGS. 4 is an enlarged fragmented view of the third ring in
a normal orientation;
[0012] FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmented view of the third loop in a
twisted orientation;
[0013] FIG. 6 is a perspective diagrammatic view illustrating
components of the preferred baffles in kit form;
[0014] FIGS. 7-10 are a succession of views illustrating a process
for forming a preferred baffle from first, second, and third strips
of spring material.
[0015] FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a preferred form of baffle
configuration in which the strips of resilient material are
interlinked together;
[0016] FIG. 12 is an enlarged fragmented view showing interlinked
strip ends in a flexed condition;
[0017] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of first, second, and third
resilient strips as a kit for producing the baffle configuration
shown in FIG. 11;
[0018] FIGS. 14-22 show a succession of steps that may be taken in
assembling the strips shown in FIG. 13;
[0019] FIG. 23 is a view illustrating how a baffle can be
compressed for installation in a container such as a tank that has
an access opening that is smaller than the baffle diameter; and
[0020] FIG. 24 is a view illustrating an assembly of partially
interlinked components of two baffle units;
[0021] FIG. 25 is a view illustrating the two baffle units of FIG.
24 linked together;
[0022] FIG. 26 is a view showing addition of a third loop to one of
the baffle units;
[0023] FIG. 27 is a view of two interlinked baffle units with third
loops installed; and
[0024] FIG. 28 is a view of a basic baffle configuration.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0025] This disclosure of the invention is submitted in furtherance
of the constitutional purposes of the U.S. Patent Laws "to promote
the progress of science and useful arts" (Article 1, Section
8).
GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0026] Before describing the various features of the invention in
detail, general aspects of the invention will be described.
[0027] In a first aspect, a liquid stabilizing baffle 10 is
comprised of first and second loops that are formed by strips 12 of
flexible spring-like material that intersect one another at two
points along an axis.
[0028] In another aspect, a liquid stabilizing baffle is provided
in which first and second substantially circular loops are formed
about an approximate center point P and are joined to one another
at intersections along an axis. Each of the first and second loops
are formed of flexible spring-like strips 12 at a radius R from the
approximate center point P. The first and second loops each include
substantially annular side edges 14 that are spaced apart by a
width dimension W. The first and second loops each further include
substantially concentric annular outer and inner surfaces 16, 17
that join substantially annular side edges 14 and span the width
dimension W. The inner and outer surfaces of each first and second
loop are spaced apart radially with respect to the approximate
center point P by a thickness dimension T. The thickness dimension
T is less than the width dimension W and the width dimension W is
less than the radius R. Fasteners 22 join the first and second
loops in intersecting, substantially concentric relation, forming a
hollow spheroidal cruciform configuration.
[0029] In a further aspect, a liquid stabilizing baffle 10 is
provided and comprised of substantially circular first and second
loops that are formed of flexible spring-like plastic strips on
substantially equal radii R from a central point P. The loops
intersect one another at angles to form a substantially three
dimensional hollow spheroid cruciform configuration. The first and
second loops each include substantially annular side edges 14 that
are spaced apart axially by a width dimension W. The first and
second loops also include substantially concentric annular outer
and inner surfaces 16, 17 that join the side edges 14 and span the
width dimension W. The inner and outer surfaces 16, 17 are spaced
apart radially by a thickness dimension T. The thickness dimension
T of each loop is less than the width dimension W thereof and the
width dimension W is less than the radius R thereof. Each strip is
elongated between opposed ends. The ends of one strip are joined
together with the other strip at a point approximately midway
between ends of the other strip.
[0030] A further aspect of the present invention includes a liquid
stabilizing baffle 10 that is comprised of first and second loops
that are formed by first and second strips of flexible resilient
material, with each strip formed in a loop configuration. The first
and second loops are interlinked with one another at two
intersection points along an axis, forming a substantially hollow
spheroidal cruciform configuration.
[0031] In a still further aspect, a liquid stabilizing baffle kit
is provided with component parts including first and second strips
12 of flexible resilient material with width dimensions W between
longitudinal side edges 14 and thickness dimensions T between
opposed inner and outer surfaces 16, 17. The strips also include
opposed strip ends 15. Fasteners 22 are configured to join the
strip ends 15 together in intersecting resilient loops with the
thickness dimensions T oriented radially and with the width
dimensions W substantial tangential.
[0032] In a still further aspect, a liquid stabilizing baffle
system is provided, comprised of a succession of baffle units 10,
each unit being formed of first and second elongated strips 12 of
flexible resilient material having width dimensions W between
longitudinal side edges 14, and thickness dimensions T between
opposed inner and outer surfaces 16, 17. The strips 12 of each
baffle unit are formed in intersecting loops that are joined to
form substantially hollow spheroid cruciform configurations. At
least one of the strips 12 of one baffle unit is linked through at
least one of the loops of a successive adjacent baffle unit.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The above are representative of various general embodiments
of the invention, more specific details of which will now be
discussed.
[0034] Preferred forms of the liquid stabilizing baffle 10 are
shown in FIGS. 1-28. A system in which a plurality of individual
baffles 10 in this form may be provided is partially shown in FIG.
2 and 3, and further forms as indicated by FIGS. 11-28 may be used
to advantage in similar environments.
[0035] Each baffle 10 may be provided pre-assembled as illustrated
in FIGS. 1 11, or 28; or be provided as a kit, ready for assembly,
as exemplified by FIGS. 6 and 13 and as taught in other
applications that are incorporated by reference herein. The baffles
10 in preferred forms, may therefor be assembled or are
pre-assembled in three dimensional hollow cruciform spheroid
shapes, as generally indicated by the basic baffle form shown in
FIG. 28, in three loop configurations as exemplified by FIGS. 1 and
11, in interlinked arrangements as exemplified by FIGS. 24-27, or
in forms shown in the applications incorporated by reference
herein.
[0036] It may be preferable to use the present baffles 10
individually. However, if desired, the baffles may be connected
together in a strand or in multiple strands. For example, the
interlinked baffle units shown in FIGS. 24-27 may be provided in
indefinite length strands, or such strands may be provided by
threading successive baffle units on a cable or other form of
connector as exemplified in applications incorporated by reference
herein.
[0037] By way of example, a number of rows of the baffle components
could be made into a flat rectangular matrix, or a series of rows
and columns could be formed into a cubic configuration. The
combination of configurations is almost without limit.
[0038] In presently preferred forms, the present baffle 10 includes
substantially similar first and second loops that are each made up
from an elongated strip that is formed of a resilient flexible
spring-like material such as polyethylene plastic (FIG. 28). In
other preferred forms, a third loop may be added as shown generally
in FIGS. 1 and 11.
[0039] It has been found that polyethylene is a desirable material
for the strips since the material is relatively impervious to most
liquids. Further, polyethylene may be produced to include resilient
or spring-like properties that are most desirable for the desired
energy absorbing effect. Though polyethylene is preferred,
polyvinyl chloride, nylon, stainless steel or other resilient sheet
or strip materials may also be used.
[0040] In the embodiments illustrated, general overall
configuration and dimensions may be similar or at least
substantially proportional. Description of the relative dimensions
and relation of the strips for the FIG. 1 or FIG. 28 embodiments
will thus suffice for description of the embodiments shown in the
remaining drawing figures.
[0041] Each of the first and second strips 12 is preferably
rectangular, including longitudinal side edges 14 joining opposed
ends 15. The strip includes a preferred width dimension W (FIG. 1)
extending transversely of the strip length between the sides 14.
The width dimension may vary according to need, but will remain
within an approximate relationship with the size of a loop formed
by bending the strip until the ends 15 are adjacent one
another.
[0042] While the above strip configurations are presently
preferred, it is possible, if desired, that a baffle units be made
with strips 12 of different width dimensions W and length
dimensions. An "hourglass" shape, for example is a possible
alternate configuration along the strip lengths.
[0043] The radius of a loop formed by either of the strips is
indicated at R (FIG. 1), and the thickness between inside and
outside surfaces 16, 17 respectively is designated at T. The
thickness dimension T is thus a substantially radial dimension and
the surfaces 16, 17 that span the width W are substantially
tangential to the generally spheroid shape.
[0044] Of course, the length dimension or circumference C (FIG. 6)
of the strips 12 will vary depending upon the desired radius R of
the loops to be formed, according to the formula C=2.pi.R. Using
the above dimensional indicia, the width W is preferred to be no
greater than approximately 0.6 R, and the thickness T is preferably
less than the width, advantageously approximately 0.0125 R.
[0045] Thus by way of example, a strip 12 formed into a loop having
a radius R of 5 inches will preferably have a width dimension W of
approximately 3 inches and a thickness dimension T of approximately
0.0625 inches. Likewise, a strip 12 formed into a loop having a
radius of 36 inches may have a width W of up to 21.6 inches (though
a smaller width dimension is preferred) and an approximate maximum
thickness dimension T of 0.45 inches. This relationship is given
for the preferred polyethylene strip material and has been found to
be preferred for obtaining the maximum fluid energy absorption
results known at the present time.
[0046] Each strip 12 preferably includes joint members that, in
general, are used to secure the strips in the intersecting loop
configurations. In illustrated examples (FIGS. 1-10 embodiments)
such joint members include at least one, and preferably a pair of
end holes 18, 20 formed inwardly adjacent each end 15. Preferably,
there are two pairs of such holes 18, 20 at either end of each
strip. The exemplified holes are spaced apart across the strip at
equal distances. In the illustrated example, the end holes 18, 20
are provided to receive barbed or other appropriate fastener
members 22 which are exemplary components of the joint members and
are used to secure the first and second strips together and,
preferably, to lock the intersecting strips against rotation
relative to one another.
[0047] In the preferred form shown in FIG. 6, the joint and link
members include fastener members 22 in the exemplary form of
one-way brads with barbed external shanks that may be pressed
through the holes but that will not permit easy removal. Other
forms of fasteners such as nut and bolt combinations rivets, cotter
pins, nails, screws, and the like may also be used. A further
preferred joint and link member configuration is specifically shown
in FIGS. 11-23 will be described in greater detail later in this
specification.
[0048] In the preferred forms, each of the strips 12 are foldable
into a loop configuration with the ends 15 in close proximity or
overlapping and, in the FIGS. 1-10 and 28 examples, with the end
holes 18, 20 aligned to receive at least one and more preferably
two of the fastener members 22 (FIG. 2). The fastener members 22
secure the strip materials in the loop configurations which, due to
the inherent resilient nature of the material, will deform upon
application of force but will spring back to the formed loop
configuration.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment link members in an exemplary form
of a central hole, or more preferably a pair of holes 32 are
provided, at the approximate longitudinal center of each strip on
either side of a longitudinally centered hole 24. These holes 32
are longitudinally aligned and spaced apart the same distances as
the spacing between the end holes 18 and 20 to permit two of the
strips to be formed together with the loops intersecting and held
in a cruciform configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0050] As shown in FIG. 1, and others, the first and second loops
of each baffle unit intersect at two points along an axis X. The
axis X passes through the intersecting points and is at least
adjacent to the approximate centers of the loops. It is pointed out
that the loops may be slightly out of round (not perfectly
circular), and that the centers P may be slightly offset from one
another. However, such minor differences will not have significant
effect so long as the loops are joined to one another and the
centers are in proximity to the axis X.
[0051] Interconnection of two of the strips to form the preferred
configuration is easily and quickly accomplished, as may be
understood from the succession of illustrations in FIGS. 7-10.
First, two strips 12 may be arranged in a T-shaped orientation
(FIG. 7) with the end holes 18 of one strip aligned with link
members in the form of central holes 32 of the other strip. The
exemplified barbed fastener members 22 may then be pushed through
the aligned holes 18, 32 of the two overlapping strips. Additional
fasteners 22 may also be pushed up through end holes 20 in one of
the ends of the cross part of the T shape.
[0052] Next, the free end of the leg of the T configuration is bent
over (FIG. 8) into a substantially circular form. The end holes 18
at the bent end of the strip may be secured to the projecting ends
of the fastener members 22 that presently extend through the
central holes 32 and end holes 18 at the juncture of the "T" shape.
The first loop is now formed, along with the first intersection of
the loops.
[0053] Next, a free end (without fasteners) of the remaining strip
12 may be bent over (FIG. 9) and be positioned with the end holes
20 aligned with the central holes 32 in the previously formed loop.
This end is held in place while the remaining strip end is bent up
and over until the fasteners can be inserted through the aligned
central and end holes. The fasteners 22 may be pushed down through
the aligned holes to complete formation of the second intersection
and the second loop. A substantially circular cruciform
configuration is thus formed.
[0054] The two loops now intersect at substantially right angles
and points of intersection lie substantially along the axis X. It
is noted that the ends of the strips are preferably lapped over and
under the first formed loop, and that the first formed loop ends
are lapped over and under the second strip (see FIG. 8). The
overlapping configuration allows for flush engagement of the strip
ends with both inner and outward side surfaces at the center of the
other strip, and results in a substantially consistent loop
configuration with the loops intersecting at approximate right
angles that are locked against relative rotation about the axis X
by the fasteners 22.
[0055] It is noted that there are gore shaped open spaces between
the first and second loops. These spaces could allow nesting of
adjacent baffles, especially in a confined space. This may be an
acceptable situation if sufficient baffles are available for use
and if the volume (displacement) occupied by a nested accumulation
of baffle units is not a critical consideration. If baffle nesting
is undesired, third loops may be provided to span the open
spaces.
[0056] FIG. 2 illustrates a third loop on one baffle functioning to
keep the loops of an adjacent baffle from entering the adjacent
open space. The third loop thus allows the baffles to function well
even in confined spaces where the individual baffles are
independent (not linked together).
[0057] Again, in the preferred forms shown in FIGS. 1-10, a
preferred third loop is formed of a flexible spring material strip
40 that is joined with the first and second loops at points along
the axis between the intersection points of the first and second
loops. Preferably, the third loop is mounted substantially midway
along the axis X between the two intersecting points of the first
and second loops. It is also preferable that the third loop be
formed at substantially right angles to the first and second
loops.
[0058] The third loop may be formed of the same spring-like
materials as the first and second loops. It may be of the same
thickness dimension, or have a different thickness depending upon
the nature of intended use. It may also have a different
configuration than the generally rectangular shape shown.
[0059] The preferred third loop will be formed of a strip 40 of a
sufficient length to circumscribe both intersecting loops (see FIG.
2). It is preferred in the exemplary configurations of FIGS. 1-10,
that the third loop extend about the outside surfaces of the first
and second loops, so the engaged first and second loop surfaces
will reinforce the third loop against radial inward collapse.
[0060] It may be noted that the illustrated strip 40 forming the
third loop is narrower between longitudinal side edges 42 than the
first and second loops. The width dimension may vary, however, up
to the same approximate widths as the first and second loops. Also,
as indicated above, the thickness dimension may vary according to
need, but is preferably about the same thickness as the first and
second strips 12.
[0061] Narrow third loops may be preferred in instances where the
baffles are to be inserted into tanks (FIG. 3) through narrow
openings. The narrow strip 40 (being flexible and easier to bend
than the first and second loops) may be easily twisted (compare
FIGS. 4 and 5) to narrow the overall baffle diameter (FIG. 3). The
illustration indicates several baffles 10 in a tank. However it may
be desirable to loosely fill the tank with such baffles.
[0062] The third loop is preferably pivotably joined to the first
and second loops. In this form, it is preferable that the pivot
points are provided at all four points where the third loop
intersects the first and second loops. The pivots may be formed by
more of the same fastener members 22, pressed through holes 44,
formed through and substantially equally spaced along the third
strip 40. Holes 46 are provided in the strips 12 and are centered
between the end holes 18, 20 and center holes 32, for alignment
with the third loop holes 44. Single fasteners 22 are fitted
through aligned holes 44, 46, preferably at each of the four
intersections, to allow the third loop to pivot when compressed and
twisted as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.
[0063] FIG. 10 shows connection of the third strip 40 to the
previously formed first and second loops. One end of the third
strip is positioned with an end hole 44 aligned with one of the
holes 46 formed in one of the first or second strips. The strip end
is held in place as the remainder is bent around the first and
second loops so the remaining holes 44 move into alignment with the
successive holes 46. Fastener members 22 may then be inserted
through the aligned holes. The free end of the strip is bent so the
end holes 44 align with the adjacent remaining hole 46 in the first
or second loops. The ends will overlap as shown in FIG. 2, and a
fastener member 22 may be inserted through the aligned holes to
complete the baffle.
[0064] Details with respect to the embodiments illustrated in FIGS.
11-23 will now be discussed more specifically.
[0065] In the preferred configurations shown in FIGS. 11-23, first
and second strips 111, 114 are foldable into loop configurations
with ends 112, 115 and 116, 117 interlinked and wherein integral
shapes formed within the strips themselves serve as fastener or
joint members 120, 130 for securing the strip ends. Further, it is
preferred that integral link members 118 be provided to enable
mounting of the strips in intersecting relation. Otherwise, the
individual strips may be formed of substantially the same material
and include substantially the same dimensions as described above
for the strips in the configurations shown in FIGS. 1-10 and
28.
[0066] FIG. 13 illustrates three strips which may be considered a
first strip 111, a second strip 114, and a third 113 strip that can
be formed and interlinked to produce the baffle configuration shown
in FIG. 11. It is pointed out however that as few as two first and
second strips may be interconnected using the exemplary fastening
arrangements to form a baffle unit.
[0067] The steps to accomplish formation of a two loop baffle and a
three loop baffle this are shown sequentially in FIGS. 14-22.
[0068] Each of the first and second strips include joint members
120, 130 at opposed ends that are preferably integrally formed by
female and male portions that may be selectively joined to form the
loop configurations. Further, each of the first and second strips
111, 114 include link members 118 in the form of slots that are
intermediate the ends for slidably receiving the third strip.
[0069] Preferably, the first and second strips each include three
sets of slots, with the link member 118 provided as a central set
of slots shaped to receive the ends of the other loop. These slots
thus cooperate as may be understood from the drawings, to secure
the two loops in substantially perpendicular orientation in the
"cruciform" configuration described previously.
[0070] The exemplified central slots 118 allow interlacing of the
first and second strips substantially as shown. The result may not
be a perfectly circular loop configuration, but with portions
between intersecting points that tend to bulge outwardly. These
portions, due to the somewhat "crimped" condition of the strip
material adjacent the slots, are somewhat more resistant to bending
than would be expected for a simply circular loop configuration.
Thus, one strip of material reinforces the other at the general
locations of the intersecting points.
[0071] The slidable nature of the strip ends at the strip
intersections allows for the loops to flex in the manner shown in
FIG. 18. This action, which may occur when the baffles are flexed
during operation, has a tendency to self-clean the intersecting
points so that the adjacent areas will not become impacted with
materials when in use.
[0072] The joint members, in preferred forms, may also include a
triangular opening 120 formed at one end of each strip, and a latch
member 130 formed at an opposite end. The triangular opening 120 is
provided with the hypotenuse side H (FIG. 18) of the triangle shape
having a dimension greater than the width dimension of the
associated strip, at least at the end thereof. Thus, the opposite
strip end, with latch member 130, can be fitted through the
triangular opening 120 as shown partially in FIG. 18, by twisting
the ends and fitting the latch end through the triangular opening
along the hypotenuse portion H thereof.
[0073] Insets or notches may be formed on opposed side edges of the
strip to form the male latch member 130. The dimension across the
strips at the inset or notch configurations is slightly less than
the side S (FIG. 18) of the triangular opening opposite to the
hypotenuse. With this relationship, the latch member 130 can be
mechanically secured within the triangular opening with the further
capability of disassembly simply by reversing the assembly
procedure.
[0074] As noted in FIG. 18, it is preferable that the joint members
120, 130 be situated adjacent to the link members 118. Thus, as
exemplified, the link members 118 on one of the strips are slidably
received by the joint members 120, 130 of the other strip. Most
preferably, the interconnected joint members are received through
the slots forming the link members 118 such that the joint formed
between is situated inward of the formed loops. Thus, the slot
configurations forming the link members also serve to substantially
lock the joined ends in place and secure the loops against
unintentional or accidental disassembly.
[0075] The baffles 10 described to this point for all illustrated
embodiments may be comprised of simply the first and second loops
(without the third loop 113). However, it may be preferred that the
third loop 113 be provided in order to span the "gore" shaped
openings between the first and second loops. The third loop, as
described earlier may preferably oriented substantially
perpendicularly to the first and second loops. It is also
preferable, at least in certain forms, that the third loop be
formed of a resilient strip that is narrower than the first and
second strips.
[0076] In the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 11-23, the third
strip 113 may be similar in configuration at opposed ends, to the
first and second strips. That is to say, the third strip may
include a triangular opening at one end, and a latch member at
opposite end. The first and second strips are provided with pairs
of slots 135 that are situated between the central slots and the
strip ends. These slots are intended to slidably receive the third
strip 113. The third strip is interwoven with the slots 135 at four
points around the interconnected first two loops substantially in
the manner shown at FIG. 11. The opposed ends of the strip 113 are
connected in a manner similar to that shown for the first and
second strips and as graphically indicated at FIGS. 17 and 18.
[0077] The baffle configuration shown in the FIG. 11 example, may
be assembled as suggested by the succession of figures starting at
FIG. 14 and extending through FIG. 22. As shown in FIG. 14, the
first and second strips are oriented perpendicular to one another.
One strip 111 is threaded through the central slots 118 of the
other strip 114 substantially as shown in FIG. 15, and the opposite
end is drawn around as shown in FIG. 16 and inserted through the
adjacent slot 118. Then, as shown substantially by FIGS. 17 and 18,
the adjacent ends of the strip are twisted and interfitted so the
joint members become substantially locked as shown in FIG. 19.
[0078] Next, the remaining strip 114 is folded and inserted through
the central slots 118 of the earlier formed loop substantially in a
manner shown in FIG. 20. The two ends are then joined together at
the inside of the loop configuration in a manner described above
and as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. We now have a baffle 10 as shown
in FIG. 21, comprised of the two loops.
[0079] If desired, the third strip 113 may be attached by
interleaving the length thereof through the appropriate slots 135
formed in the first and second strips. This step is shown in the
initial stages at FIG. 22. The third strip is pulled through and
interwoven with the slots 135 to a point where its ends are
situated substantially as shown in FIG. 11. The ends are joined
together in the manner described for the first and second loops.
This completes a baffle 10 using first, second and third loops as
shown in FIG. 11.
[0080] Another of the advantages gained from using the sliding
connections for the baffle is shown in FIG. 23. The slidable nature
of the loop configurations allows the third loop to be pulled
through one of the sets of slots to allow compaction of the baffle.
This compact configuration may be easily fitted through the opening
of a storage tank or other arrangement.
[0081] The interfitting strip configurations are also advantageous
since no fastening hardware need be supplied. Still further, the
slidable nature of the individual parts of the loop allow for a
more resilient flexibility of the entire baffle and, therefore,
enable more buffering or energy-absorbing capability.
[0082] A baffle 10 formed as exemplified above have certain
advantages in use especially in tanks as shown in FIG. 3. A number
of the baffles may be formed as described above and then be pressed
through an opening in a tank and into the tank interior.
[0083] FIG. 3 shows several baffles 10 in the illustrated tank.
However, it may be preferable that the tank be filled with baffles,
with successive baffles engaging and slightly compressing one
another. Wave or sloshing action of the liquid against the baffle
elements will cause the elements to resiliently compress or
deflect. The baffles may thus absorb the force of the shifting
liquid and effectively baffle or dampen such motion.
[0084] The third loops function during this time to prevent the
baffles from nesting together, even if compressed. Thus, the
resiliency of the various loops within the individual baffles is
maintained to react against and stabilize the liquid.
[0085] A strand of the baffles may be joined by a cord, cable, or
rod as suggested in the applications incorporated by reference
herein, for use outside tanks, as wave breaks or as buffers against
a seawall or earthen embankment to ameliorate erosion caused by
current and wave action.
[0086] In a further example, a system baffle units may be formed in
a succession without the use of a cord, cable or rod
interconnection. Reference is made to the example set forth in
FIGS. 24-27. Such a system may be made up by at least one of the
strips of one baffle unit being linked through at least one of the
loops of a successive adjacent baffle unit, whereby the baffle
units are linked together in succession.
[0087] In the illustrated example, both loops of one baffle unit
are linked through both loops of at least one successive baffle
unit. The strips themselves act to loosely hold the interlinked
baffle units together in a strand or other desired interlinked
arrangement.
[0088] It is pointed out that all forms of the baffle exemplified
herein may be interlinked in the illustrated manner. It is further
pointed out that the interlinked baffle units may be made up of two
or three loops or combinations thereof. For example, a single
strand or pattern of interlinked baffle units could be made up of
only two loop baffles, only three loop baffles, or a combination of
two and three loop baffles.
[0089] It is further pointed out that the baffle units may be made
up using fastener or joint arrangements that are illustrated herein
in any combination, or with further known fastening techniques, as
suggested above. For example, the first two loops could be
connected in the preferred manner illustrated in FIGS. 11-22, and a
third loop could be attached using another form of fastener such as
those exemplified in FIG. 6. Other combinations could also be used:
in the single baffle units, in cord or otherwise connected strands,
or in the interlinked arrangement suggested in FIGS. 24-27.
[0090] Thus, the baffles may be configured in strands or matrix
configurations not only for use in tanks, but for placement in
other areas where stabilization of liquid is desired as for example
along beaches, stream embankments, seawalls, piers, dams, or other
selected environments. The loops will flex almost indefinitely
without observable wear, between the engaged surface and the wave
or current forces, while protecting the adjacent surface against
erosion.
[0091] An interlinked strand of the baffles may also be used as a
wave break in open water, to calm an enclosed water surface within
a swimming, boat docking or other area where calm water is desired.
The strand is placed along a desired line or lines about the
perimeter of the area. One of the loops in each cruciform shape
will always be at least nearly horizontal (parallel to the water
surface) and the remaining strip (of the cruciform shape) may be
used to resiliently bolster the horizontal baffle against
deformation due to wave action.
[0092] In all the situations exemplified above, third loops may be
provided in any of all of the baffle units to prevent the baffles
from nesting together. Further, the third loops add resiliency or
yieldable resistance to deformation according to the thickness and
construction material of the third loop.
[0093] It is pointed out that the present baffles may be provided
in a kit form (see FIGS. 5 and 13). With this arrangement, the a
large number of baffles may be easily transported and stored prior
to use. The kit may be easily transported in extremely compact
condition and stored in confined areas until such time that
assembly and use is desired. The kit form is especially beneficial
for areas needing a form of emergency readiness, for example
against potential embankment erosion damage due to periodic flash
flooding.
[0094] In another example, a farmer using the baffles in a chemical
spray tank may obtain a sufficient number of the strips to
effectively baffle the tank by assembling and then pressing one
baffle after another (either individually as shown in FIG. 3, or a
number of the baffles may be threaded along a common link) into the
tank until desired baffling is obtained. Similarly, a resort
operator could assemble one or more strands of linked baffles into
a strand to cordon off a desired swimming or docking area, simply
by adding successive baffles along one or more links until a
desired strand length is obtained.
[0095] In compliance with the statute, the invention has been
described in language more or less specific as to structural and
methodical features. It is to be understood, however, that the
invention is not limited to the specific features shown and
described, since the means herein disclosed comprise preferred
forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is,
therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the
proper scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted in
accordance with the doctrine of equivalents.
* * * * *