U.S. patent application number 09/134221 was filed with the patent office on 2002-04-11 for thickener-rheology modifier system for personal care compositions.
Invention is credited to BABENKO, TAMARA, COTTRELL, IAN W., PLUYER, JOHAN G., SORRENTINO, PAUL M..
Application Number | 20020042448 09/134221 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 22462322 |
Filed Date | 2002-04-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20020042448 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SORRENTINO, PAUL M. ; et
al. |
April 11, 2002 |
THICKENER-RHEOLOGY MODIFIER SYSTEM FOR PERSONAL CARE
COMPOSITIONS
Abstract
A thickener-rheology modifier system for use in hair care and
skin care compositions comprising: a) a hydrophobically modified,
alkali-soluble copolymer thickener comprising an aqueous emulsion
copolymer of i) from about 5 to 70 weight percent of .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the
formula: 1 where R is H and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, or
--CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1 is H or --CH.sub.2COOX; and
R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or
--CH.sub.2COOX; and X is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; ii) from about
10 to 90 weight percent of a nonionic, copolymerizable, .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula:
CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ where Y is H or CH.sub.3 and Z is 2 where R is
C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; and iii) from about 1 to 30 weight
percent of a hydrophobically modified, .alpha., .beta.
ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: 3
where R is an alkyl group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or an alkaryl of
8 to 22 carbon atom, x is an average number of from about 6 to 200,
y is an average number of from about 0 to 50 and A is residue of an
unsaturated carboxylic acid having the formula: 4 were R' is H,
--COOH or CH.sub.3 and R" is H, CH.sub.3, --COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH;
and b) a polysaccharide hydrocolloid or gum or polyalkylene glycol.
Preferably the thickener-rheology modifier system will contain a
surfactant and more preferably will contain boric acid.
Inventors: |
SORRENTINO, PAUL M.;
(MONMOUTH JCT., NJ) ; COTTRELL, IAN W.;
(PRINCETON, NJ) ; PLUYER, JOHAN G.; (EAST
MILLSTONE, NJ) ; BABENKO, TAMARA; (BRIDGEWATER,
NJ) |
Correspondence
Address: |
LARELEE A. DUNCAN
NATIONAL STARCH AND CHEMICAL COMPANY
P.O. BOX 6500
BRIDGEWATER
NJ
08807-0500
US
|
Family ID: |
22462322 |
Appl. No.: |
09/134221 |
Filed: |
August 14, 1998 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
514/772.4 ;
424/70.16; 424/78.18; 514/772.6; 514/777; 514/844; 514/846 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61Q 19/10 20130101;
Y10S 424/02 20130101; A61Q 19/00 20130101; A61Q 5/00 20130101; Y10S
514/844 20130101; A61Q 5/06 20130101; A61K 8/86 20130101; A61K
8/8152 20130101; A61K 8/8147 20130101; A61K 47/32 20130101; A61K
8/73 20130101; Y10S 514/846 20130101; A61K 8/19 20130101; Y10S
514/944 20130101; A61K 9/0014 20130101; A61K 8/90 20130101; C08F
290/062 20130101 |
Class at
Publication: |
514/772.4 ;
514/844; 514/846; 514/772.6; 514/777; 424/78.18; 424/70.16 |
International
Class: |
A61K 007/06; A61K
007/11; A61K 031/74; A61K 047/32; A61K 047/00 |
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A thickener-rheology modifier system comprising a) from about
0.1 to 6% by weight of a hydrophobically modified, alkali-soluble
copolymer thickener comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of: i)
from about 5 to 70 weight percent based on the weight of thickener
of an .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid
monomer of the formula: 13 where R is H and R.sup.1 is H,
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, or --CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1
is H or --CH.sub.2COOX and R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H,
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or --CH.sub.2COOX; and X is H or
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; ii) from about 10 to 90 weight percent based
on the weight of thickener of a nonionic copolymerizable, .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the
formula:CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ where Y is H or CH.sub.3 and Z is 14 where
R is C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; and iii) from about 1 to 30 weight
percent based on the weight of thickener of a hydrophobically
modified, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid
monomer of the formula: 15 where R is an alkyl group of 6 to 22
carbon atoms or an alkayl of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, x is an average
number of from about 6 to 100, y is an average number of from about
0 to 50 and A is the residue of an unsaturated carboxylic acid
having the formula: 16 were R' is H, --COOH or CH.sub.3 and R" is
H, CH.sub.3, --COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH b) from about 0.05 to 2% by
weight of a polysaccharide hydrocolloid or polyalkylene glycol; c)
an effective neutralizing amount of alkali; and d) the balance
water.
2. The thickener-rheology modifier system of claim 1 which further
comprises from about 0 to 20% by weight of a hydrophobic nonionic
surfactant having an HLB of 4 to 16 or an anionic surfactant which
is a derivative of fatty alcohol ethoxylates.
3. The thickener-rheology modifier system of claim 2 which further
comprises from about 0 to 1% by weight of boric acid.
4. The thickener-rheology modifier system of claim 3 wherein the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid is xanthan gum.
5. The thickener-rheology modifier system of claim 4 which
comprises from about 0.1 to 2.5% by weight of the alkali-soluble
copolymer, from about 0.1 to 1% by weight of xanthan gum, from
about 0.1 to 10% by weight of surfactant and from about 0.02 to
0.04% by weight of boric acid.
6. The thickener-rheology modifier system of claim 3 wherein the
alkali-soluble copolymer thickener comprises from about 30 to 50
weight percent based on the weight of thickener of unsaturated
carboxylic acid monomer i); from about 30 to 70 weight percent
based on the weight of thickener of nonionic monomer ii) and from
about 5 to 20 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of
hydrophobically modified carboxylic acid monomer iii).
7. The thickener-rheology modifer system of claim 6 which comprises
from about 0.1 to 2.5% by weight of the alkali-soluble copolymer
and from about 0.1 to 1% by weight of polysaccharide hydrocolloid
or polyalkylene glycol.
8. The thickener-rheology modifer system of claim 7 wherein the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid is xanthan gum.
9. A thickened personal care composition comprising a
cosmetically-functional agent in amounts effective to impart
cosmetic properties to the composition and a thickener-rheology
modifier system comprising a) from about 0.1 to 6% by weight of a
hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble copolymer thickener
comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of: i) from about 5 to 70
weight percent based on the weight of thickener of an .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the
formula: 17 where R is H and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl,
or --CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1 is H or --CH.sub.2COOX
and R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 or
--CH.sub.2COOX, and X is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; ii) from about
10 to 90 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of a
nonionic copolymerizable, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated
monomer of the formula:CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ where Y is H or CH.sub.3,
and Z is 18 where R is C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; and iii) from about 1
to 90 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of a
hydrophobically modified, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated
carbpxylic acid momomer of the formula: 19 where R is an alkyl
group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or an alkaryl of 8 to 22 carbon
atoms, x is an average number of from about 6 to 100, y is an
average number of from about 0 to 50 and A is the residue of an
unsaturated carboxylic acid having the formula: 20 where R' is H,
--COOH or CH.sub.3, --COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH; b) from about 0.05 to
2% by weight of a polysaccharide hydrocolloid or polyalkylene
glycol; c) from about 0 to 20% by weight of a hydrophobic nonionic
surfactant having an HLB of from 4 to 16 or an anionic surfactant
derivative of a fatty alcohol ethoxylate: d) from about 0 to 0.1%
by weight of boric acid; e) an effective neutralizing amount of
alkali; and f) the balance water.
10. The thickened personal care composition of claim 9 wherein the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid is xanthan gum.
11. The thickened personal care composition of claim 10 which
comprises from about 0.1 to 2.5% by weight of the alkali-soluble
copolymer, from about 0.1 to 1% by weight of xanthan gum, from
about 0.1 to 10% by weight of surfactant and from about 0.02 to
0.04% by weight of boric acid.
12. The thickened personal care composition of claim 9 wherein from
about 0.1 to 2.5% by weight of the alkali-soluble copolymer, from
about 0.1 to 1% by weight of poysaccharide hydrocolloid or
polyalkylene glycol, and from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of
surfactant are used.
13. The thickened personal composition of claim 12 wherein from
about 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of boric acid is used.
14. The thickened personal care composition of claim 12 wherein the
alkali-soluble copolymer thickener comprises from about 30 to 50
weight percent based on the weight of thickener of unsaturated
carboxylic acid monomer i); from about 30 to 70 weight percent
based on the weight of thickener of nonionic monomer ii) and from
about 5 to 20 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of
hydrophobically modified carboxylic acid monomer iii).
15. A hair care composition comprising an effective fixative amount
of a hair care fixative polymer and a thickener-rheology modifier
system comprising: a) from about 0.1 to 6% by weight of a
hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble copolymer thickener
comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of: i) from about 5 to 70
weight percent based on the weight of thickener of an .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the
formula: 21 where R is H and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl,
or --CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1 is H or --CH.sub.2COOX
and R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or
--CH.sub.2COOX; and X is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; ii) from about
10 to 90 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of a
nonionic copolymerizable, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated
monomer of the formula:CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ where Y is H or CH.sub.3
and Z is 22 where R is C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl; and iii) from about 1
to 90 weight percent based on the weight of thickener of a
hydrophobically modified, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated
carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: 23 where R is an alkyl
group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or an alkaryl of 8 to 22 carbon
atoms, X is an average number of from about 6 to 100, y is an
average number of from 0 to 50 and A is the residue of an
unsaturated carboxylic acid having the formula: 24 were R' is H,
--COOH or CH.sub.3 and R" is H, CH.sub.3, --COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH
b) from about 0.05 to 2% by weight of polysaccharide hydrocolloid
or polyalkylene glycol; c) from about 0 to 20% by weight of a
hydrophobic nonionic surfactant having an HLB of 4 to 16 or an
anionic surfactant derivative of fatty alcohol ethoxylates; d) from
about 0 to 0.1% by weight of boric acid: e) an effective
neutralizing amount of alkali; and f) the balance water.
16. The hair care composition of claim 15 whereas the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid is xanthan gum.
17. The hair care composition of claim 16 which contains from about
0.1 to 2.5% by weight of the alkali-soluble copolymer, from about
0.1 to 1% by weight of xanthan gum, from about 0.1 to 10% by weight
of surfactant and from about 0.02 to 0.04% by weight of boric
acid.
18. The hair care composition of claim 17 which contains from about
0.1 to 20 percent by weight of fixative which is selected from the
group consisting of polyvinyl formamide and poly(vinylpyrollidone).
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates to a thickener-rheology modifier
system for personal care compositions and particularly for hair and
skin care compositions comprising the combination of a
hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble thickener and a
polysaccharide hydrocolloid or gum-type thickener or polyalkylene
glycol, preferably with a surfactant and more preferably with boric
acid.
[0002] Polymeric water-soluble thickening agents are widely known
and used in many aqueous systems including coating applications,
household and personal care products. Carboxyl-containing
copolymers produced by the addition or free-radical polymerization
of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and that swell or solubilize
to thicken aqueous media on neutralization are commonly referred to
as alkali-swellable or alkali-soluble thickeners. Hydrophobically
modified or associative alkali-soluble thickeners have been
developed to provide enhanced thickening properties. A description
of alkali-soluble thickeners (AST) and associative ASTs can be
found in an American Chemical Society article by G. D. Shay
entitled "Alkali-Swellable and Alkali-Soluble Thickener
Technology", 1989, pp. 457-493.
[0003] While different thickeners including associative
alkali-soluble thickeners have been disclosed in various
applications, there still is the desire to find a system which
provides suitable thickening as well as other rheological
properties needed for personal care applications. This invention
provides a thickener-rheology modifier system which significantly
improves the thickening properties of alkali-swellable thickeners
and also improves rheology characteristics of gel textures and
emulsions from brittle/cuttable to more flowable, shear thinning
and makes the products aesthetically acceptable for personal care
use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] Now it has been found that a selected thickener-rheology
modifier system comprising the combination of a hydrophobically,
modified alkali-soluble thickener and a polysaccharide hydrocolloid
or gum or polyalkylene glycol, preferably with a surfactant and
more preferably with boric acid is especially useful in personal
care compositions such as hair care and skin care compositions.
These compositions which contain the thickener-rheology modifier
system as described herein, provide the combination of improved
thickening properties for alkali-swellable thickeners as well as
improved rheology properties such as altered gel textures from
brittle/cuttable to more flowable, shear thinning.
[0005] More particularly, this invention relates to a
thickener-rheology modifier system for use in hair care and skin
care compositions comprising:
[0006] a) a hydrophobically modified, alkali-soluble copolymer
thickener comprising an aqueous emulsion copolymer of:
[0007] i) from about 5 to 70 weight percent of .alpha., .beta.
ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula:
5
[0008] where R is H and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, or
--CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1 is H or --CH.sub.2COOX; and
R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or
--CH.sub.2COOX; and X is H or C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl;
[0009] ii) from about 10 to 90 weight percent of a nonionic,
copolymerizable, .alpha.,.beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomer
of the formula:
CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ
[0010] where Y is H or CH.sub.3 and Z 6
[0011] where R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; and
[0012] iii) from about 1 to 30 weight percent of a hydrophobically
modified, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid
monomer of the formula: 7
[0013] where R is an alkyl group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or an
alkaryl of 8 to 22 carbon atom, x is an average number of from
about 6 to 200, y is an average number of from about 0 to 50 and A
is residue of an unsaturated carboxylic acid having the formula:
8
[0014] were R'1 is H, --COOH or CH.sub.3 and R" is H, CH.sub.3,
--COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH; and
[0015] b) a polysaccharide hydrocolloid or gum or polyalkylene
glycol.
[0016] Preferably the thickener-rheology modifier system will
contain a surfactant and more preferably will contain boric
acid.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0017] The thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention
includes a hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble thickener
(associative AST) which is an aqueous emulsion copolymer of i) an
.alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer;
ii) a nonionic, copolymerizable .alpha., .beta. ethylenically
unsaturated monomer and iii) a hydrophobically modified .alpha.,
.beta. ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer.
[0018] The alkali soluble polymer thickener will comprise about 5
to 70 weight percent of an .alpha., .beta. ehtylenically
unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: 9
[0019] where R is H and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, or
--CH.sub.2COOX; R is --COOX and R.sup.1 is H or --CH.sub.2 COOX;
and R is CH.sub.3 and R.sup.1 is H, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl or
--CH.sub.2COOX; and X is H is C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl.
[0020] Examples of these acid monomers include acrylic,
methacrylic, crotonic, acyloxypropionic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic,
aconitic and half or mono esters of the dibasic or tribasic acids
such as the monobutyl ester of maleic acid can also be used to
advantage. Acrylic and methacrylic acid are preferred acid
monomers. The preferred amount of these acid monomers is from about
30 to 50 percent by weight.
[0021] The nonionic, copolymerizable, .alpha., .beta. ethylenically
unsaturated monomer component of the alkali-soluble thickener has
the formula:
CH.sub.2.dbd.CYZ
[0022] where Y is H or CH.sub.3 and Z is 10
[0023] where R is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl.
[0024] Examples of these nonionic monomers are the C.sub.1-C.sub.4
alkyl acrylates and methacrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl
acrylate, butyl acrylate, and ethyl methacrylate. The amount of
nonionic monomer in the alkali-soluble copolymer will be from about
10 to 90 weight percent and preferably from about 30 to 70 weight
percent.
[0025] The third monomer component of the alkali-soluble copolymer
is a hydrophobically modified .alpha., .beta. ethylenically
unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer of the formula: 11
[0026] where R is an alkyl group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or an
alkaryl group of 8 to 22 carbon atoms, x is an average number of
from about 6 to 100, y is an average number of from about 0 to 50
and A is the residue of an unsaturated carboxylic acid having the
formula: 12
[0027] where R' is H, --COOH or CH.sub.3 and R" is H, CH.sub.3,
--COOH or --CH.sub.2COOH.
[0028] Preferably R in the hydrophobically modified carboxylic acid
monomer will contain from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, x is an average
number of 10 to 60 and y is an average number of 0 to 30 and A is
acrylic, methacrylic or itaconic acid. The amount of the
hydrophobically modified carboxylic acid monomer in the
alkali-soluble copolymer will be from about 1 to 30 weight percent
and preferably 5 to 20 weight percent.
[0029] The hydrophobically modified carboxylic acid monomers used
in this invention and described above can be prepared by the
conventional catalyzed esterification reaction of an alcohol with
acid. Other known alternate esterification methods include
alcoholysis and transesterification such as disclosed in U.S. Pat.
No. 4,384,096.
[0030] The alkali-soluble copolymer thickener may be prepared by
conventional emulsion polymerization techniques using appropriate
emulsifiers for emulsifying the monomers and maintaining the
polymer obtained in a stable-dispersed condition. A typical
technique is described in
[0031] U.S. Pat. No. 4,616,074 where the polymerization is carried
out in continuous, semi-continuous or batch fashion with the
polymerization reaction initiated at 40 to 90.degree. C. A thermal
decomposition initiator such as ammonium persulfate or potassium
persulfate is used or at lower temperatures a redox initiator such
as t-butyl hydroperoxide/bisulfite is used. An anionic emulsifier
is normally included in the reaction medium at a concentration of
about 1 to 3% to maintain a stable aqueous dispersion. Suitable
emulsifiers include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzene
sulfonate as well as other ammonium and alkali metal alkyl aryl
sulfonates and alkyl sulfates. The polymerization is carried out at
a pH below about 5.0 to maintain the insolubility of the copolymer
in continuous water phase. The copolymer dispersions have
relatively low viscosity even at solids content of from 20 to 40
weight percent or higher. Upon addition of an alkali to neutralize
at least a portion of the free carboxyl groups, aqueous systems
containing the copolymers markedly thicken. Any alkali may be used
to neutralize the copolymers and may be an alkali metal hydroxide
such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or other
bases such as ammonium hydroxide, methylamine, diethylamine,
triethylamine and triethanolamine. Generally an effective
neutralizing amount of alkali is used and depending on the
particular application, it will be an amount sufficient to adjust
the pH of the mixture to above 6.5. More particularly, the amount
of neutralizing agent used will be an amount sufficient to adjust
the pH of the mixture to from about 6.5 to 14 and preferably to
from about 6.5 to 12. In hair care gel applications the pH is
preferably adjusted to from about 6.5 to 10 and more preferably to
from about 7.0 to 7.5.
[0032] Besides the hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble
thickener, the thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention
includes a polysaccharide hydrocolloid or gum type thickener or
polyalkylene glycol. Additionally and preferably the
thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention may include a
surfactant and more preferably will include boric acid.
[0033] The polysaccharide hydrocolloids that are useful in this
invention are those prepared from gums such as xanthan gum and its
derivatives and guar gum as well as those derived from cellulose
such as carboxyalkyl cellulose or hydroxyalkyl cellulose, more
particularly those having alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as
carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose. Xanthan gum is
the particularly preferred polysaccharide hydrocolloid used in this
invention. Also useful are the polyalkylene glycois, particularly
those having alkylene groups of 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as
polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol and polybutylene glycol
and mixtures thereof. Molecular weight of the the poilyalkylene
glycol can vary from about 2000 to 14000 and preferably from about
2000 to 9000. Mixtures or blends of such polysaccharide
hydrocolloids and polyalkylene glycols may also be used including
combinations of one or more of xanthan gum, carboxymethyl
cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and polyethylene glycol.
[0034] The surfactant used as a separate preferred component
besides the hydrophobically modified, alkali-soluble copolymer
thickener and the polysaccharide hydrocolloid or polyalkylene
glycol is a non ionic surfactant and more particularly hydrophobic
nonionic surfactants having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB)
of from about 4 to 16. Surfactants of this type include Lauramida
DEA, Polysorbate 81, Polysorbate 80, Nonoxynol-5, Ceteth-20,
Steareth-20 and ethoxylate alcohol. Anionic surfactants that are
anionic derivatives of fatty alcohol ethoxylates such as sodium
lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth sulfate may also be used as the
surfactant.
[0035] As noted above, the thickener-rheology modifier system of
this invention preferably may also include boric acid besides the
alkali-soluble thickener, polysaccharide hydrocolloid or
poyalkylene glycol and the surfactant.
[0036] The thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention
generally comprises an aqueous emulsion containing from about 0.1
to 6% by weight of the hydrophobically modified, alkali-soluble
copolymer thickener, from about 0.05 to 2% by weight of the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid or xanthan gum or poalkylene glycol,
from about 0 to 20% by weight of nonionic or fatty alcohol
ethoxylate surfactant and from about 0 to 0.1% by weight of boric
acid. Preferably the system will include from about 0.1 to 20% by
weight of the surfactant and more preferably will include from
about 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of boric acid. The system will also
include an alkali neutralizing agent in an effective amount to
neutralize at least a portion of the free carboxyl groups and
adjust the pH to from about 6.5 to 14 depending on the type of
application. The balance of the system will comprise water. More
particularly, the system will comprise from about 0.1 to 2.5% by
weight of the alkali-soluble copolymer, from about 0.1 to 1% by
weight of the polysaccharide hydrocolloid or polyalkylene glycol,
from about 0.1 to 10% by weight of the surfactant, an effective
neutralizing amount of alkali and the balance water. Preferably the
system will also include from about 0.02 to 0.04% by weight of
boric acid.
[0037] The thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention is
useful in personal care compositions and more particularly in hair
care and skin care compositions. These compositions will generally
comprise at least one cosmetically-functional agent used in an
amount effective to impart desired cosmetic properties to the
personal care composition. The term "cosmetically-functional
agent", as used herein, means any material, compound or composition
applied to the hair or skin for cosmetic application thereof.
Exemplary agents include emollients, humectants, lubricants,
UV-light inhibitors, preservatives, pigments, dyes, colorants,
alpha-hydroxy acids, aesthetic enhancers such as starch, perfumes
and fragrances, film formers (water proofing agent), antiseptics,
antifungal, antimicrobial and other medicaments, solvents,
surfactants, natural or synthetic polymers, hair conditioning
agents and hair fixatives. Such cosmetically-functional agents
include mineral oils, glycerin, beeswax, lanolin, acetylated
lanolin, stearic acid, palmitic acid, cetyl alcohol, sodium salts
of olefin sulfonates, various proteins, polymeric sugars,
conditioning agents such as polyquaterniun and hair fixatives such
as poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) and N-vinyl formamide or polyvinyl
formamide. These personal care compositions will more particularly
comprise from about 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more
cosmetically-functional agents and preferably from about 0.1 to 10%
of such agents.
[0038] The thickener-rheology modifier system of this invention is
particularly useful in hair treatment compositions and more
particularly in hair fixative gel compositions. These compositions
provide improved thickening properties of alkali-swellable
polymeric thickeners and also alter the gel textures from
brittle/cuttable to more flowable, shear thinning. These hair care
or hair gel compositions will generally comprise an effective
amount of hair fixative polymer or component, and more particularly
from about 0.1 to 20%, preferably from about 0.1 to 10% and more
preferably from about 1 to 5% by weight. The thickener-rheology
modifier system will make up the balance of the composition and
this will comprise from about 0.1 to 6% by weight of the
hydrophobically modified, alkali-soluble copolymer thickener, from
about 0.05 to 2% by weight of polysaccharide hydrocolloid or
polyalkylene glycol, from about 0 to 20% by weight of nonionic or
fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, from about 0 to 0.1% by weight
of boric acid, an effective neutralizing amount of alkali and the
balance water. Preferably the hair treatment or hair gel
composition will comprise from about 0.1 to 10% of hair fixative
polymer, from about 0.1 to 2.5% of hydrophobically modified,
alkali-soluble thickener, from about 0.1 to 1% of the
polysaccharide hydrocolloid or polyalkylene glycol, from about 0.1
to 10% of the surfactant, from about 0.02 to 0.04% of boric acid,
an effective neutralizing amount of alkali and the balance water,
with all percents by weight based on the weight of the
composition.
[0039] Any hair fixative polymer which is effective in such purpose
and is compatible with the thickener-rheology modifier system of
this invention may be used in the hair treatment composition.
Particularly useful hair fixatives that may be used include
polyvinyl formamide, polyvinyl acetamide, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone),
cationically modified polysaccharides (i.e., celluloses, starches,
guars) and derivatives thereof.
[0040] The hair treatment compositions may further include other
additives such as fragrance, preservatives, conditioners,
colorants, plasticizers, emulsifiers, glossifiers, clarifiers,
pearling agents, sequestering agents and other material or
additives commonly used in hair fixative compositions. The hair
care composition may contain from about 0.1 to 20 weight percent of
one or more of these additives and preferably will comprise from
0.1 to 10% of one or more of these ingredients.
[0041] The following examples will further illustrate the
embodiments of this invention. In these examples all parts are
given by weight and all temperatures in degrees Celsius unless
otherwise noted.
EXAMPLE 1
[0042] A thickener-rheology modifier composition was formulated
using a hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble thickener made up
of acrylic/methacrylic acids, acrylate/methacrylate esters and
steareth-20 itaconate (hereinafter referred to as component or
thickener A). The remainder of the thickener-rheology modifier
system included xanthan gum, boric acid, the surfactant Neodol.RTM.
25.7 and a neutralizing agent triethanolamine.
[0043] The above prepared thickener-rheology modifier was
formulated into a hair treatment composition (fixative gel) having
the following composition:
1 Hair Treatment Composition-1 Component Amount Polyvinyl Formamide
(PVF) (10% solution) 30.0 Thickener A 4.0 Xanthan Gum 0.2 Boric
Acid 0.03 Neodol (R) 25.7 0.1 Triethanolamine 0.93 Dowicil 200 0.1
Deionized Water q.s.
[0044] The above prepared hair gel composition was subject to
several subjective evaluations as well as rheological studies. The
studies were compared to similar hair gel compositions, one
containing only thickener A as part of the thickener-rheology
system (i.e., without xanthan gum, boric acid and Neodol
surfactant) and another comparative sample which contained Carbopol
940, a polyacrylic copolymer, instead of the four component
thickener-rheology system described above.
[0045] The subjective evaluations included a stretchability test,
(how well sample elongates with applied force), a flowability test
(how well sample flows when applying force without forming
globules), a rigidity or memory test (how well product yields or
holds its form, or is it supple and returns to its prior form
quickly), and a cutability test (ability to slice/break into
sections, portions, segments). These evaluations were made by a
panel of eight people. The systems were also studied using a
controlled stress rheometer (Carri-Med CSL100) in order to compare
viscosities as well as visco-elastic properties of composition 1
versus the controls.
[0046] In all subjective evaluations the hair treatment
composition-1 containing the thickener-rheology system as described
was observed to provide the rheological properties of
stretchability, flowability, rigidity and cutability which were
significantly better than the composition which contained only
thickener A (i.e., without xanthan gum, boric acid or Neodol
surfactant). A further comparison of hair treatment composition-1
with a similar composition containing the control thickener
Carbomer instead of the four component thickener-rheology modifier
system showed that the rheological properties were very
comparable.
EXAMPLE 2
[0047] A cosmetic lotion containing a hydrophobically modified
alkali-soluble thickener made up of acrylic/methacrylic acids,
acrylate/methacrylate esters and steareth-20 itaconate (hereinafter
referred to as component or thickener A) was formulated and had the
following ingredients:
2 Component Parts by Weight Deionized water 50.0 Xanthan gum 0.1
Isostearyl alcohol 4.7 Cetearyl alcohol 1.0 Ceteareth-20 0.5
Hydrogenated coco-glycerides 8.3 Glyceryl stearate 2.0 Thickener A
1.65 Deionized water q.s. Sodium hydroxide q.s. to pH > 6.5
[0048] This formulation provided an aesthetically pleasing and
acceptable product which had good skin-feel and rheology.
EXAMPLE 3
[0049] A cosmetic body wash containing a hydrophobically modified
alkali-soluble thickener made of acrylic/methacrylic acids,
acrylate/methacrylate esters and steareth-20 itaconate (hereinafter
referred to as component or thickener A) was formulated and had the
following ingredients:
3 Component Parts by Weight Xanthan gum 0.1 Sodium laureth sulfate
0.2 Thickener A 1.65 Sodium hydroxide q.s. pH > 6.5
[0050] This formulation provided an aesthetically pleasing and
acceptable cosmetic product which had good skin-feel and
rheology.
EXAMPLE 4
[0051] A styling hair gel composition was formulated containing a
hyrdrophobically modified alkali-soluble thickener made up of
acrylic/methacrylic acids, acrylate/methacrylate esters and
steareth-20 itaconate (hereinafter referred to as component or
thickener A) and having the following ingredients:
4 Components Parts by Weight Thickener A 4.5 Tetrasodium EDTA 0.01
Polyethylene glycol (MW 7000) 0.1 Glycerin 1.0 Dimethicone copolyol
0.2 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 2.0 Deionized water q.s. Triethanolamine
q.s. to pH 6.5 to 8.5
[0052] This hair gel formulation provided good rheological and
thickening properties and was aesthetically acceptable for personal
care use.
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